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Brady SS, Jeffries EF, Winston W. Contextual and Behavioral Correlates of Coping Strategies Among an Ethnically Diverse Sample of Urban Adolescents in the Midwestern United States. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:1294-1307. [PMID: 36635583 PMCID: PMC10338642 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01493-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Coping is recognized as an important life skill. In the present cross-sectional analysis, early adolescents' relationships with their caregivers (support, conflict) and exposure to stressors (uncontrollable life events, violence) were examined as contextual correlates of both positive and negative coping strategies. Coping strategies were examined as mediators of associations between adolescents' family and community contexts and adjustment outcomes (externalizing symptoms, internalizing symptoms, academic investment). Participants were recruited from an urban Pre-K-8 school and Boys and Girls Club. Adolescents who reported greater support from caregivers reported greater engagement in all forms of positive coping (behavioral/problem-focused coping, cognitive/emotion-focused coping, and coping through seeking support); they also reported less engagement in coping through anger and helplessness. Adolescents who reported greater conflict with caregivers or violence exposure reported greater engagement in coping through avoidance, anger, and helplessness. Problem-focused coping, coping through anger, and coping through helplessness mediated associations between different contextual factors and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya S Brady
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, 1300 S. 2nd Street Suite 300, 55454, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America.
| | - Elijah F Jeffries
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, 1300 S. 2nd Street Suite 300, 55454, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Willie Winston
- College of Community Studies and Public Affairs, Department of Human Services, Metropolitan State University, 1450 Energy Park Drive, 55108-5218, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
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2
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Kato T. Moderating effect of coping flexibility over waiting patiently as a coping strategy for interpersonal stressors and depressive symptoms. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:2047-2053. [PMID: 35882051 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2101892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The present study examined the moderating effect of coping flexibility on the association between the coping waiting patiently for interpersonal stressors and depression. Coping flexibility refers to devising and implementing suitable coping strategies according to the situation, coping was defined in this study as holding oneself back and not acting prematurely to address a stressful relationship. Participants: A total of 481 Japanese college students. Methods: Participants completed questionnaires to measure coping, coping flexibility, perceived stress, and depression using a longitudinal design. Results: Multiple regression analysis showed that an interaction between coping and coping flexibility was associated with depression. This result indicated that higher levels of coping was associated with lower depression 16 weeks later when coping flexibility was higher, but the association was not observed when coping flexibility was lower. Conclusions: Our findings contribute to elucidating the condition or process whereby the strategy of waiting patiently as a coping mechanism for interpersonal stressor reduces depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Kato
- Department of Social Psychology, Toyo University, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Mazzarotto F, Monteleone P, Minelli A, Mattevi S, Cascino G, Rocca P, Rossi A, Bertolino A, Aguglia E, Altamura C, Amore M, Bellomo A, Bucci P, Collantoni E, Dell'Osso L, Di Fabio F, Fagiolini A, Giuliani L, Marchesi C, Martinotti G, Montemagni C, Pinna F, Pompili M, Rampino A, Roncone R, Siracusano A, Vita A, Zeppegno P, Galderisi S, Gennarelli M, Maj M. Genetic determinants of coping, resilience and self-esteem in schizophrenia suggest a primary role for social factors and hippocampal neurogenesis. Psychiatry Res 2024; 340:116107. [PMID: 39096746 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder, associated with a reduction in life expectancy of 15-20 years. Available treatments are at least partially effective in most affected individuals, and personal resources such as resilience (successful adaptation despite adversity) and coping abilities (strategies used to deal with stressful or threatening situations), are important determinants of disease outcomes and long-term sustained recovery. Published findings support the existence of a genetic background underlying resilience and coping, with variable heritability estimates. However, genome-wide analyses concerning the genetic determinants of these personal resources, especially in the context of schizophrenia, are lacking. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study coupled with accessory analyses to investigate potential genetic determinants of resilience, coping and self-esteem in 490 schizophrenia patients. Results revealed a complex genetic background partly overlapping with that of neuroticism, worry and schizophrenia itself and support the importance of social aspects in shapingthese psychological constructs. Hippocampal neurogenesis and lipid metabolism appear to be potentially relevant biological underpinnings, and specific miRNAs such as miR-124 and miR-137 may warrant further studies as potential biomarkers. In conclusion, this study represents an important first step in the identification of genetic and biological correlates shaping resilience, coping resources and self-esteem in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mazzarotto
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Palmiero Monteleone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Minelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Genetic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Stefania Mattevi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giammarco Cascino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Paola Rocca
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Eugenio Aguglia
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carlo Altamura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paola Bucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Collantoni
- Psychiatric Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Fabio
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Fagiolini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Clinical Department of Mental Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Luigi Giuliani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Marchesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristiana Montemagni
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Pinna
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Rampino
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Rita Roncone
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Department of Systems Medicine, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Vita
- Psychiatric Unit, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Department of Mental Health, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zeppegno
- Department of Translational Medicine, Psychiatric Unit, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Gennarelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Genetic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Mario Maj
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Naples, Italy
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Keeney AJ, Ciro D, Meng Y, Coco L, Ekonomo K. Depression, Anxiety, and Coping Strategies Among Farmworkers Exposed to Substance Use at Work. J Agromedicine 2024:1-9. [PMID: 39314086 DOI: 10.1080/1059924x.2024.2407384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Migrant farmworkers are at an increased risk of experiencing high levels of stress, depression, anxiety, and problematic substance use. Farmworker behavioral health is a predominant concern for agricultural health and safety efforts. While substance use has been found to be a visible part of the work environment among farming populations, there is scarce information about how farmworkers who are exposed to substance use at work are impacted. METHODS This exploratory assessment investigated the association between substance use exposure at work and migrant farmworkers' (N = 58) symptoms of depression, anxiety, and coping strategies used. Univariate, bivariate, and regression analyses were conducted to examine data from a survey administered to migrant farmworkers in Southern California's Riverside and Imperial Valley counties. RESULTS Exposure to substance use at work was significantly associated with farmworkers reporting more severe symptoms of anxiety (p = .018). We also found that anxiety among farmworkers was significantly related to their experiences of sexual harassment (p = .026), being called names or insulted (p = .05), feeling unsafe (p = .005), having an increased work burden (p = .001), and caring for a colleague (p = .001). Furthermore, as exposure to substance use at work increased, farmworkers reported more severe symptoms of depression (F (1,45) = 7.90, p = .007) and anxiety (F (1,45) = 16.743, p = .001). To cope, the farmworkers in our sample reported using emotion-focused coping strategies most often. CONCLUSIONS Substance use exposure at work can affect migrant farmworker health and safety. Addressing and supporting the behavioral health of the entire farming community is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie J Keeney
- School of Social Work, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
- Colorado State University, High Plains Intermountain Center for Agricultural Health and Safety, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Dianne Ciro
- School of Social Work, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Yu Meng
- Youth Family and Community Advisor, University of California Cooperative Extension Imperial and Riverside Counties, CA, USA
| | - Laura Coco
- School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Ekonomo
- School of Social Work, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
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Culicetto L, Lo Buono V, Donato S, La Tona A, Cusumano AMS, Corello GM, Sessa E, Rifici C, D'Aleo G, Quartarone A, Marino S. Importance of Coping Strategies on Quality of Life in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5505. [PMID: 39336991 PMCID: PMC11432133 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13185505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by a variety of symptoms such as fatigue, spasticity, tremors, and cognitive disorders. Individuals with MS may employ different coping strategies to manage these symptoms, which in turn can significantly impact their quality of life (QoL). This review aims to analyze these coping strategies and their impact on QoL. Furthermore, it seeks to identify the key factors that influence the choice and effectiveness of these coping strategies, providing insights into which strategies are most beneficial for enhancing QoL in people with MS. Methods: Systematic searches were performed in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. This systematic review has been registered in OSF with the number DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/QY37X. Results: A total of 1192 studies were identified. After reading the full text of the selected studies and applying predefined inclusion criteria, 19 studies were included based on their pertinence and relevance to the topic. The results revealed that emotional variables, demographic factors, personality traits, and family support significantly influence the choice of coping strategies used to manage the symptoms of MS. Problem-solving and task-oriented coping were prevalent among MS patients and associated with better QoL outcomes. Emotional-focused and avoidance strategies were generally linked to poorer QoL, though avoidance provided temporary relief in certain contexts. Social support, emotional health, and cognitive reframing were crucial in enhancing QoL. Conclusions: The findings underscore the importance of tailored psychoeducational and therapeutic interventions focusing on emotional health, social support, and adaptive coping strategies. These interventions can significantly improve the long-term outcomes for individuals with MS. Future research should explore the dynamic interactions between coping strategies and QoL over time, providing a comprehensive understanding of how to best support MS patients in managing their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Culicetto
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113 Via Palermo C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Viviana Lo Buono
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113 Via Palermo C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Sofia Donato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino La Tona
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Anita Maria Sophia Cusumano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, Pedagogiche, Dell'esercizio Fisico e Della Formazione, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Graziana Marika Corello
- Department of Science of Education, Section of Psychology, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Edoardo Sessa
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113 Via Palermo C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Carmela Rifici
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113 Via Palermo C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Giangaetano D'Aleo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113 Via Palermo C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Angelo Quartarone
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113 Via Palermo C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Silvia Marino
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113 Via Palermo C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
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Sim A, McNeilage AG, Rebbeck T, Ashton-James CE. Clinician Experiences of and Responses to the Challenges of Working with Patients in the Australian Compensation Setting. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2024:10.1007/s10926-024-10232-9. [PMID: 39218821 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-024-10232-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous research indicates that the compensation process is stressful for people with a compensable injury, contributing to poorer recovery. However, little is known about the challenges faced by clinicians who work in this setting. This study aims to qualitatively explore the experiences of clinicians delivering care to patients with compensable injuries in Australia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 experienced clinicians providing care to compensable patients in Australia. The interviews were transcribed, and data were analysed using reflective thematic analysis. RESULTS Participants described their work as challenging due to factors such as high patient distress, poor clinical outcomes, and high administrative load. However, they responded to these challenges in varying ways. While some reported feelings of vicarious injustice, emotional exhaustion, and self-doubt, others derived a sense of meaning, purpose, and mastery from these challenges. Clinician responses to the challenge of working with people with a compensation claim were associated with access to mentoring, continuous education and training, and a supportive workplace culture. CONCLUSION Clinicians reported both positive and negative responses to the challenges of working with people with a compensable injury. Coping strategies that were associated with more positive reactions included seeking further education, mentoring, peer support. Prioritising these support systems is important for clinician wellbeing and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Sim
- Sydney Medical School (Northern Clinical School), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Douglas Building, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, 2065, Australia.
| | - Amy G McNeilage
- Sydney Medical School (Northern Clinical School), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Douglas Building, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, 2065, Australia
| | - Trudy Rebbeck
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
| | - Claire E Ashton-James
- Sydney Medical School (Northern Clinical School), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Douglas Building, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, 2065, Australia
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Meneo D, Curati S, Russo PM, Martoni M, Gelfo F, Baglioni C. A Comprehensive Assessment of Bedtime Routines and Strategies to Aid Sleep Onset in College Students: A Web-Based Survey. Clocks Sleep 2024; 6:468-487. [PMID: 39311226 PMCID: PMC11417809 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep6030031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
College students often experience sleep-wake alterations. Different factors can contribute to insomnia symptoms in this population. The present study aims at investigating pre-sleep behaviours and strategies used to aid sleep onset in young college students and their association with insomnia symptoms. A total of 548 Italian college students (mean age = 23.48 years, range = 19-30 years, 80.5% female) completed a web-based survey on pre-sleep behaviours and sleep-onset facilitators, insomnia symptoms and sleep hygiene, anxiety and depression, and coping strategies. The use of electronic devices at bedtime and as a sleep-onset facilitator was predominant. Students using specific behaviours as sleep-onset facilitators were characterised by more psychological difficulties and poorer sleep. In multivariable linear regression analysis, the frequency of using medications and melatonin, regardless of motivations, was associated with higher insomnia symptoms. The use of specific sleep-onset facilitators positively correlated with the severity of insomnia symptoms. Many students engage in behaviours that are considered sleep-interfering and that are often employed in an attempt to facilitate sleep onset without benefits. Overall, the motivational factors behind pre-sleep behaviours need to be addressed in preventive programs targeting young college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Meneo
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Via Plinio, 44, 00193 Rome, Italy; (D.M.)
| | - Sara Curati
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Via Plinio, 44, 00193 Rome, Italy; (D.M.)
| | - Paolo Maria Russo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Martoni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Gelfo
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Via Plinio, 44, 00193 Rome, Italy; (D.M.)
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Baglioni
- Department of Human Sciences, Guglielmo Marconi University, Via Plinio, 44, 00193 Rome, Italy; (D.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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8
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Islam MI, Lyne E, Freeman J, Martiniuk A. A longitudinal study on impact of emergency cash transfer payments during the COVID pandemic on coping among Australian young adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17523. [PMID: 39134578 PMCID: PMC11319462 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused financial hardship and psychological distress among young Australians. This study investigates whether the Australian Government's emergency cash transfer payments-specifically welfare expansion for those unemployed prior to the pandemic (known in Australia as the Coronavirus Supplement) and JobKeeper (cash support for those with reduced or stopped employment due to the pandemic)-were associated with individual's level of coping during the coronavirus pandemic among those with and without mental disorders (including anxiety, depression, ADHD and autism). The sample included 902 young adults who participated in all of the last three waves (8, 9C1, 9C2) of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC), a nationally representative cohort study. Modified Poisson regression models were used to assess the impact of emergency cash transfer payments on 18-22-year-old's self-rated coping level, stratifying the analysis by those with and without mental disorders. All models were adjusted for gender, employment, location, family cohesion, history of smoking, alcohol intake, and COVID-19 test result. Of the 902-person sample analysed, 41.5% (n = 374) reported high levels of coping, 18.9% (n = 171) reported mental disorders, 40.3% (n = 364) received the Coronavirus Supplement and 16.4% (n = 148) received JobKeeper payments. Analysing the total sample demonstrated that participants who received the JobKeeper payment were more likely to have a higher level of coping compared to those who did not receive the JobKeeper payment. Stratified analyses demonstrated that those with pre-existing mental disorder obtained significant benefit from the JobKeeper payment on their level of coping, compared to those who did not receive JobKeeper. In contrast, receipt of the Coronavirus Supplement was not significantly associated with higher level of coping. Among those with no mental health disorder, neither the Coronavirus Supplement nor JobKeeper had a statistically significant impact on level of coping. These findings suggest the positive impacts of cash transfers on level of coping during the pandemic were limited to those with a pre-existing mental disorder who received JobKeeper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Irteja Islam
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Edward Ford Building, A27 Fisher Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- Centre for Health Research and School of Business, The University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth Lyne
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Edward Ford Building, A27 Fisher Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Joseph Freeman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Edward Ford Building, A27 Fisher Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Alexandra Martiniuk
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Edward Ford Building, A27 Fisher Rd, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Office of the Chief Scientist, The George Institute for Global Health, Level 5/1 King Street, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, The University of Toronto, 155 College St Room 500, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
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9
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Eissenstat SJ, Kim S, Kim B. A Meta-Study of Posttraumatic Growth and Coping Strategies. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:1588-1612. [PMID: 36380486 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221139724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The present study examined the relationship between posttraumatic growth (PTG) and different types of coping strategies to explain the mechanism underlying PTG. It also considered whether the relationship takes on different patterns in different cultures, thereby expanding on the existing literature regarding PTG. Initially, we found 666 articles published and unpublished between 2013 and 2020. All potentially eligible studies were examined based on the inclusion criteria for this study. The inclusion criteria ultimately yielded total of 96 studies. The findings of this meta-analysis indicate that the relationship varies depending on the coping strategy and culture. Moreover, identifying the coping strategies involved in overcoming traumatic events may be the key to differentiating real PTG from illusory PTG. The results show that PTG has different correlations with the four groups of coping strategies: problem-focused coping, positive emotion-focused coping, negative emotion-focused coping, and unclassified coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- SunHee J Eissenstat
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Counseling Professions, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Soyeon Kim
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Nebraska-Lincoln, USA
| | - Boyoung Kim
- Department of Psychology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
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10
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Rahman MA, Das P, Lam L, Alif SM, Sultana F, Salehin M, Banik B, Joseph B, Parul P, Lewis A, Statham D, Porter J, Foster K, Islam SMS, Cross W, Jacob A, Hua S, Wang Q, Chair SY, Chien WT, Widati S, Nurmala I, Puspaningsih NNT, Hammoud M, Omar K, Halim MASA, Gamal-Eltrabily M, Ortiz G, Al Maskari TS, Al Alawi SSM, Al-Rahbi BS, Arulappan J, Ahmad A, Al Laham N, Mahmud I, Alasqah I, Noorbhai H, Chang SL, Chen YL, Comlekci MF, Basol O, Saddik B, Hayman R, Polman R. Health and wellbeing of staff working at higher education institutions globally during the post-COVID-19 pandemic period: evidence from a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1848. [PMID: 38992680 PMCID: PMC11238394 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19365-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ongoing global crisis of Higher Education (HE) institutions during the post-COVID-19 pandemic period has increased the likelihood of enduring psychological stressors for staff. This study aimed to identify factors associated with job insecurity, burnout, psychological distress and coping amongst staff working at HE institutions globally. METHODS An anonymous cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023 with staff at HE institutions across 16 countries. Job insecurity was measured using the Job Insecurity Scale (JIS), burnout using the Perceived Burnout measure question, psychological distress using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), and coping using the Brief Resilient Coping Scale. Multivariable logistic regression with a stepwise variable selection method was used to identify associations. RESULTS A total of 2,353 staff participated; the mean age (± SD) was 43(± 10) years and 61% were females. Most staff (85%) did not feel job insecurity, one-third (29%) perceived burnout in their jobs, more than two-thirds (73%) experienced moderate to very high levels of psychological distress, and more than half (58%) exhibited medium to high resilient coping. Perceived job insecurity was associated with staff working part-time [Adjusted Odds Ratio 1.53 (95% Confidence Intervals 1.15-2.02)], having an academic appointment [2.45 (1.78-3.27)], having multiple co-morbidities [1.86 (1.41-2.48)], perceived burnout [1.99 (1.54-2.56)] and moderate to very high level of psychological distress [1.68 (1.18-2.39)]. Perceived burnout was associated with being female [1.35 (1.12-1.63)], having multiple co-morbidities [1.53 (1.20-1.97)], perceived job insecurity [1.99 (1.55-2.57)], and moderate to very high levels of psychological distress [3.23 (2.42-4.30)]. Staff with multiple co-morbidities [1.46 (1.11-1.92)], mental health issues [2.73 (1.79-4.15)], perceived job insecurity [1.61 (1.13-2.30)], and perceived burnout [3.22 (2.41-4.31)] were associated with moderate to very high levels of psychological distress. Staff who perceived their mental health as good to excellent [3.36 (2.69-4.19)] were more likely to have medium to high resilient coping. CONCLUSIONS Factors identified in this study should be considered in reviewing and updating current support strategies for staff at HE institutions across all countries to reduce stress and burnout and improve wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Aziz Rahman
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, 3806, Australia.
- Collaborative Evaluation and Research Centre (CERC), Federation University Australia, Churchill, Australia.
| | - Pritimoy Das
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, 3806, Australia
- Collaborative Evaluation and Research Centre (CERC), Federation University Australia, Churchill, Australia
| | - Louisa Lam
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sheikh M Alif
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, 3806, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Masudus Salehin
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, 3806, Australia
- Collaborative Evaluation and Research Centre (CERC), Federation University Australia, Churchill, Australia
| | - Biswajit Banik
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, 3806, Australia
| | - Bindu Joseph
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, 3806, Australia
- Collaborative Evaluation and Research Centre (CERC), Federation University Australia, Churchill, Australia
| | - Parul Parul
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, 3806, Australia
- Collaborative Evaluation and Research Centre (CERC), Federation University Australia, Churchill, Australia
- School of Nursing, Institute of Health & Management, North Melbourne, VIC, 3051, Australia
| | - Andrew Lewis
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, 3806, Australia
| | - Dixie Statham
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, 3806, Australia
| | - Joanne Porter
- Collaborative Evaluation and Research Centre (CERC), Federation University Australia, Churchill, Australia
| | - Kim Foster
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Wendy Cross
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, 3806, Australia
| | - Alycia Jacob
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susan Hua
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Qun Wang
- School of Nursing, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sek Ying Chair
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Tong Chien
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sri Widati
- Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Majeda Hammoud
- Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Khatijah Omar
- Institute of Tropical Biodiversity & Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Georgina Ortiz
- División de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Querétaro, Querétaro, México
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nahed Al Laham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Al Azhar University-Gaza, Gaza Strip, Palestine
| | - Ilias Mahmud
- School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
- BRAC James P. Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ibrahim Alasqah
- School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
- Department of Community, Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Habib Noorbhai
- BEAHT Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | | | - Oguz Basol
- Kirklareli University, Kirklareli, Turkey
| | - Basema Saddik
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Kennington, Australia
| | - Rick Hayman
- Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Remco Polman
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University Australia, Berwick, VIC, 3806, Australia
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Trudel-Fitzgerald C, Lee LO, Guimond AJ, Chen R, James P, Koga HK, Lee HH, Okuzono SS, Grodstein F, Rich-Edwards J, Kubzansky LD. A long and resilient life: the role of coping strategies and variability in their use in lifespan among women. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2024; 37:473-486. [PMID: 38031408 PMCID: PMC11133228 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2288333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Associations of stress-related coping strategies with lifespan among the general population are understudied. Coping strategies are characterized as being either adaptive or maladaptive, but it is unknown the degree to which variability in tailoring their implementation to different contexts may influence lifespan. METHOD Women (N = 54,353; Mage = 47) completed a validated coping inventory and reported covariate information in 2001. Eight individual coping strategies (e.g., Acceptance, Denial) were considered separately. Using a standard deviation-based algorithm, participants were also classified as having lower, moderate, or greater variability in their use of these strategies. Deaths were ascertained until 2019. Accelerated failure time models estimated percent changes and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in predicted lifespan associated with coping predictors. RESULTS In multivariable models, most adaptive and maladaptive strategies were associated with longer and shorter lifespans, respectively (e.g., per 1-SD increase: Active Coping = 4.09%, 95%CI = 1.83%, 6.41%; Behavioral Disengagement = -6.56%, 95%CI = -8.37%, -4.72%). Moderate and greater (versus lower) variability levels were similarly and significantly related to 8-10% longer lifespans. Associations were similar across age, racial/ethnic, residential income, and marital status subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Findings confirm the adaptive and maladaptive nature of specific coping strategies, and further suggest benefits from both moderate and greater variability in their use for lifespan among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières
- Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Lewina O. Lee
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Anne-Josée Guimond
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Ruijia Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco
| | - Peter James
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Hayami K. Koga
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Harold H. Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University
| | - Sakurako S. Okuzono
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Francine Grodstein
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush Medical College
| | - Janet Rich-Edwards
- Division of Women’s Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Laura D. Kubzansky
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
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12
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de Vries S, van Oost F, Smaling H, de Knegt N, Cluitmans P, Smits R, Meinders E. Real-time stress detection based on artificial intelligence for people with an intellectual disability. Assist Technol 2024; 36:232-240. [PMID: 37751530 DOI: 10.1080/10400435.2023.2261045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
People with severe intellectual disabilities (ID) could have difficulty expressing their stress which may complicate timely responses from caregivers. The present study proposes an automatic stress detection system that can work in real-time. The system uses wearable sensors that record physiological signals in combination with machine learning to detect physiological changes related to stress. Four experiments were conducted to assess if the system could detect stress in people with and without ID. Three experiments were conducted with people without ID (n = 14, n = 18, and n = 48), and one observational study was done with people with ID (n = 12). To analyze if the system could detect stress, the performance of random, general, and personalized models was evaluated. The mixed ANOVA found a significant effect for model type, F(2, 134) = 116.50, p < .001. Additionally, the post-hoc t-tests found that the personalized model for the group with ID performed better than the random model, t(11) = 9.05, p < .001. The findings suggest that the personalized model can detect stress in people with and without ID. A larger-scale study is required to validate the system for people with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan de Vries
- Research and Development, Mentech Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Fransje van Oost
- Research and Development, Mentech Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke Smaling
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- University Network for the Care sector Zuid-Holland, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda de Knegt
- Prinsenstichting, Care center for people with intellectual disabilities, Purmerend, The Netherlands
| | - Pierre Cluitmans
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Reon Smits
- Research and Development, Mentech Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin Meinders
- Research and Development, Mentech Eindhoven, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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13
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Pan Q, Fu W, Zhang Y. Exploring the relationship between coping styles and well-being among Chinese university students: A longitudinal study based on the transactional stress model. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 38622051 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, university students were exposed to increased stress, which significantly affected their well-being. This study examines the coping mechanisms employed by Chinese university students during this crisis, with a particular focus on the potential protective role of coping flexibility in maintaining their well-being. Using the transactional stress model and the dual-process theory of coping flexibility, this longitudinal study analyzed the responses of 206 Chinese university students at three measurement points in late 2022. The findings suggest that disruptions in daily life during the pandemic likely led students to engage in problematic internet use as a coping strategy, which subsequently led to reduced well-being. However, the study also shows that coping flexibility plays a crucial protective role in maintaining students' well-being. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions aimed at enhancing coping flexibility among university students, especially in the evolving post-pandemic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Pan
- Centre for Research in Pedagogy and Practice, Office of Education Research, National Institute of Education, Singapore
| | - Wangqian Fu
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqian Zhang
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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14
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Addison C, Jenkins B, White M. User Manual for Coping Strategies Inventory Short Form (CSI-SF)-The Jackson Heart Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:443. [PMID: 38673353 PMCID: PMC11050153 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Researchers have asserted that patients who generally rely on powerful external sources to control their disorders can benefit from examining their coping mechanisms, which can potentially lead to a better understanding of the initiation and progression of some chronic diseases. By trusting their own internal powers and virtues, it is possible for some people to discover and navigate available strategies to balance and enhance their psycho-spiritual well-being and possibly their treatment and recovery. This review serves as a user manual for investigators who choose to use the CSI-SF to conduct their research on coping behaviors. The CSI-SF, which measures four coping strategies based on 16 items, was first assessed using the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) cohort in 2007. The reliability and construct validity of the CSI-SF was also later assessed among hemodialysis patients across 13 countries. In this study, the CSI-SF was assessed to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring coping strategies. The CSI-SF serves the purpose of developing an inner voice that can assist with understanding how people cope with everyday life. The information gathered from the administration of the CSI-SF can inform investigators about environmental cues and triggers that can also impact individual health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifton Addison
- Jackson Heart Study Graduate Training and Education Center, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jackson State University, Jackson, MI 39170, USA; (B.J.); (M.W.)
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15
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Cohen-Biton L, Buskila D, Nissanholtz-Gannot R. Problem-oriented coping and resilience among Fibromyalgia patients who live under security threats and have undergone a Fibrotherapy intervention program. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:698-711. [PMID: 36927264 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2189272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Our study examined the association between problem-focused coping and resilience among fibromyalgia (FM) patients who live under constant security threats. Resilience is a coping resource and detrimentally affects FM female patients (FMPs) to get up and cope with life. A cohort of 96 FMPs ages 19-75 was subjected to a Fibrotherapy intervention program in the Rehabilitation Help Center in Sderot (Ezra Le'Marpeh), Israel. We examined levels of problem-oriented coping and levels of resilience among the sample. In addition, we assessed whether there is a correlation between their resilience level and their medical metrics. The research included medical metrics and physical metrics. A cohort of 16 FMPs who participated in the quantitative phase composed the qualitative sample. Data from the t-test showed improved mental resilience among all the sample, with a significantly higher level among problem-oriented FMPs. We conclude that resilience is acquired through problem-oriented coping strategies. Furthermore, the association between resilience and problem-oriented coping helped to improve health indicators since coping with the disease included entering a regime of physicals activity and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liraz Cohen-Biton
- School of Social Work, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
- School of Social Work, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Dan Buskila
- Department of Internal Medicine H, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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16
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Merino-Soto C, Livia-Segovia J, Aguirre-Morales M, Toledano-Toledano F. Validity evidence for the coping strategy indicator-short version (CSI-S) among psychology students. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5441. [PMID: 38443528 PMCID: PMC10914775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55659-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The abbreviated measurement of coping strategies is useful for monitoring and identifying the effects of stress. The Coping strategy indicator-Short version (CSI-S, including the dimensions of seeking support, problem solving and avoidance strategies) is a new adaptation of the full version of this indicator, and additional evidence of its validity is needed. Psychology students (n = 125) from a public university in Lima, Peru, were recruited to help provide such evidence of validity in terms of internal structure, reliability and associations with other variables (perceived stress and general efficacy in cope with difficulties), which were evaluated using nonparametric item response theory procedures. Support-seeking and problem-solving items from the Mokken scale and the avoidance scale exhibited limitations. The correlations between the scales were moderate or low and exhibited theoretical consistency, and the relationship with perceived stress highlighted the predictive capacity of avoidance and problem-solving strategies. In general, the CSI-S exhibits suitable psychometric properties; however, the avoidance score requires further examination or reconstruction of its items.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Merino-Soto
- Instituto de Investigación en Psicología, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Surquillo, Peru
| | | | | | - Filiberto Toledano-Toledano
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Basada en Evidencias, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez Instituto Nacional de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria en Salud, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Dirección de Investigación y Diseminación del Conocimiento, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias e Innovación para la Formación de Comunidad Científica, INDEHUS, Mexico City, Mexico.
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17
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Person AI, Frazier PA. Coping strategy-situation fit vs. present control: relations with perceived stress in U.S. college students. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2024; 37:219-232. [PMID: 37235712 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2217099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the strategy-situation fit hypothesis, it is adaptive to match coping strategies to the controllability of stressors. Although early research generally supported this hypothesis, recent findings have been inconsistent. The goals of this study were to test the strategy-situation fit hypothesis, addressing limitations of past research, and compare it to an alternative hypothesis from the temporal model of control (i.e., to focus on what one can control rather than matching coping strategies to control appraisals). DESIGN AND METHODS College students (n = 159) completed measures assessing their stressors, coping strategies, stressor controllability, perceived control over present aspects of stressors, and perceived stress. Data were collected via online surveys in Fall 2020. RESULTS Consistent with the strategy-situation fit hypothesis, using a higher ratio of problem-solving coping for more controllable stressors was associated with less stress. However, using more emotion-focused coping for less controllable stressors was not associated with less stress. In addition, focusing on what one could control in the present was associated with less stress, above and beyond strategy-situation fit. CONCLUSIONS It may be more adaptive to focus on what one can control in the present than to match coping styles to stressor controllability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abby I Person
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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18
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Miller ML, Jiang LJ, O'Hara MW. Experiential avoidance as a mediator of risk factors for higher order internalizing psychopathology in the perinatal period. J Clin Psychol 2024; 80:625-645. [PMID: 38265296 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Perinatal psychopathology can be damaging. This study examined the strength of the associations between risk factors and all perinatal mood and anxiety disorder symptoms while assessing the mediating effect of experiential avoidance. METHOD Participants (N = 246) completed assessments during pregnancy (28-32 weeks) and the postpartum (6-8 weeks). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine associations between risk factors and latent factors: distress (composed of depression, generalized anxiety, irritability, and panic symptoms); fear (social anxiety, agoraphobia, specific phobia, and obsessive-compulsive); and bipolar (mania and obsessive-compulsive). RESULTS During pregnancy, past psychiatric history, anxiety sensitivity, maladaptive coping, and age were significant risk factors. In the postpartum, negative maternal attitudes and past psychiatric history were only risk factors for symptoms that composed distress. Experiential avoidance mediated the relation between maladaptive coping and symptoms that composed fear. CONCLUSION It is important to assess for psychological risk factors starting in pregnancy. This study identified critical risk factors that are associated with the underlying commonality among perinatal mood and anxiety symptoms. Some of the risk factors as well as the mediator are malleable (negative maternal attitudes, experiential avoidance), creating new possibilities for prevention and treatment of perinatal mood and anxiety disorder symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Miller
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Lily J Jiang
- Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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19
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Rapisarda F, Guay S, Ouellet-Morin I, Bond S, Geoffrion S. Longitudinal assessment of psychological distress and its determinants in a sample of firefighters based in Montreal, Canada. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1303063. [PMID: 38425559 PMCID: PMC10902061 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1303063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Firefighters face elevated risks of common mental health issues, with distress rates estimated at around 30%, surpassing those of many other occupational groups. While exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) is a well-recognized risk factor, existing research acknowledges the need for a broader perspective encompassing multidimensional factors within the realm of occupational stress. Furthermore, this body of evidence heavily relies on cross-sectional studies. This study adopts an intensive longitudinal approach to assess psychological distress and its determinants among firefighters. Methods Participants were recruited from 67 fire stations in Montreal, Canada, meeting specific criteria: full-time employment, smartphone ownership, and recent exposure to at least one PTE, or first responder status. Subjects underwent a telephone interview and were directed to use an app to report depressive, post-traumatic, and generalized anxiety symptoms every 2 weeks, along with work-related stressors, social support, and coping styles. Analyses involved 274 participants, distinguishing between those exceeding clinical thresholds in at least one distress measure (the "distressed" subgroup) and those deemed "resilient." The duration and onset of distress were computed for the distressed group, and linear mixed models were employed to evaluate determinants for each psychological distress variable. Results Clinical psychological distress was observed in 20.7% of participants, marked by depressive, post-traumatic, and anxiety symptoms, often within the first 4-week reference period. Contextual factors (operational climate, social support, solitude) and individual factors (coping style, solitude and lifetime traumatic events in private life) exhibited more significant impacts on psychological distress than professional pressures within the firefighters' work environment. Discussion This study reports lower rates of psychological distress than previous research, possibly attributable to sample differences. It highlights that reported symptoms often represent a combined and transient layer of distress rather than diagnosable mental disorders. Additionally, determinants analysis underscores the importance of interpersonal relationships and coping mechanisms for mental health prevention interventions within this worker group. The findings carry implications for the development of prevention and support programs for firefighters and similar emergency workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Rapisarda
- Research Center, Montreal University Institute of Mental Health, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Guay
- Research Center, Montreal University Institute of Mental Health, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Psychiatrie et d’Addictologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- École de Criminologie, Faculté des Arts et des Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, ON, Canada
| | - Isabelle Ouellet-Morin
- Research Center, Montreal University Institute of Mental Health, Montreal, QC, Canada
- École de Criminologie, Faculté des Arts et des Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, ON, Canada
| | - Suzie Bond
- Research Center, Montreal University Institute of Mental Health, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Département de Sciences Humaines, Lettres et Communications, Université TÉLUQ, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Steve Geoffrion
- Research Center, Montreal University Institute of Mental Health, Montreal, QC, Canada
- École de Psychoéducation, Faculté des Arts et des Sciences, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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McLaurin N, Tabibi D, Wang T, Alhalimi T, Lehrer HM, Harrison L, Tanaka H, Steinhardt MA. Coping With Discrimination Among African Americans With Type 2 Diabetes: Factor Structure and Associations With Diabetes Control, Mental Distress, and Psychosocial Resources. Prev Chronic Dis 2024; 21:E06. [PMID: 38271491 PMCID: PMC10833829 DOI: 10.5888/pcd21.230189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Type 2 diabetes undermines diabetes-related health outcomes among African Americans, who have a disproportionately high incidence of the disease. Experiences of discrimination are common among African Americans and compound diabetes-related stress, exacerbating poor health outcomes. Appropriate use of coping strategies may mitigate the detrimental effect of discrimination on diabetes-related outcomes, but examining associations between coping strategies and health outcomes is needed to inform potential interventions. This study assessed the factor structure of the Coping with Discrimination Scale (CDS) among African American adults with type 2 diabetes and examined associations of CDS subscales with measures of diabetes control, mental distress, and psychosocial resources. Methods The CDS was administered primarily through churches to African Americans with type 2 diabetes residing in Austin, Texas, and surrounding areas. Data were collected from August 2020 through April 2023. We conducted principal axis factor analysis of the CDS and determined internal consistency for each factor. We computed bivariate and partial correlations between CDS subscales and indicators of diabetes control (hemoglobin A1c, diabetes self-management), mental distress (diabetes distress, perceived stress, depressive symptoms), and psychosocial resources (resilience, social support, self-efficacy). Results The 284 African American adults (204 women, 80 men) ranged in age from 23 to 86 years (mean [SD] = 62 [11] y). We identified 4 factors: education/advocacy, internalization, strong response, and detachment. Scores were highest for education/advocacy items and lowest for strong response items. Education/advocacy was associated with higher scores on psychosocial resources, whereas detachment was associated with lower scores. Internalization and strong response were associated with higher mental distress. Strong response was associated with higher hemoglobin A1c, and education/advocacy was associated with enhanced diabetes self-management. Conclusion We suggest health care professionals create culturally tailored interventions that aid individuals in educating others, advocating for themselves, or recognizing situations outside one's control and detaching from responsibility, rather than internalizing experiences of discrimination or engaging in strong responses that upon reflection are detrimental to one's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie McLaurin
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Doonya Tabibi
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Taha Alhalimi
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - H Matthew Lehrer
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Louis Harrison
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Hirofumi Tanaka
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Mary A Steinhardt
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd, D3700, Austin, TX 78712
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Houle M, Ducas J, Lardon A, Descarreaux M, Marchand AA, Abboud J. Headache-related clinical features in teleworkers and their association with coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1303394. [PMID: 38213645 PMCID: PMC10782858 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1303394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The objectives were (1) to describe and compare headache-related clinical features between teleworkers with migraine and those with tension-type headache (TTH) and (2) to determine the association between coping strategies and headache frequency, and intensity in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 284 teleworkers (127 with migraine and 157 with TTH). Sociodemographic data, information related to work factors, headache clinical features, coping strategies used during the COVID-19 pandemic, and headache-related clinical features were compared between headache profiles. Bivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association between coping strategies and headache frequency, and intensity. Results Results showed that teleworkers with migraine had longer and more painful headache episodes than teleworkers with TTH (ps < 0.001). Higher migraine frequency was associated with the use of the denial coping strategy (p = 0.006) while lower migraine intensity was associated with planning (p = 0.046) and the use of positive reframing (p = 0.025). Higher TTH frequency was associated with the use of venting, self-blame, and behavioral disengagement (ps < 0.007) while higher TTH intensity was associated with substance use and behavioral disengagement (ps < 0.030). All associations remained significant after adjusting for BMI as a covariate. Discussion/conclusion Teleworkers with migraine had more intense and longer headache episodes than teleworkers with TTH. This could be explained by the fact that a greater proportion of individuals suffering from migraine experienced headaches prior to the beginning of the pandemic compared with teleworkers suffering from TTH. Regarding coping strategies, both primary headache profiles were associated with different types of coping strategies. Most of the coping strategies associated with headache frequency or intensity were maladaptive except for planning and positive reframing that were found to be inversely associated with migraine intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariève Houle
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Groupe de recherche sur les affections neuromusculosquelettiques (GRAN), Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Ducas
- Groupe de recherche sur les affections neuromusculosquelettiques (GRAN), Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Kinetics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Arnaud Lardon
- Institut Franco-Européen de Chiropraxie, Paris, France
| | - Martin Descarreaux
- Groupe de recherche sur les affections neuromusculosquelettiques (GRAN), Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Kinetics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Andrée-Anne Marchand
- Groupe de recherche sur les affections neuromusculosquelettiques (GRAN), Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Department of Chiropractic, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques Abboud
- Groupe de recherche sur les affections neuromusculosquelettiques (GRAN), Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Kinetics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
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Wang KE, Vranceanu AM, Lester EG. Resiliency outcomes after participation in an asynchronous web-based platform for adults with neurofibromatosis: The NF-Web study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295546. [PMID: 38127915 PMCID: PMC10735002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze secondary resiliency and user experience outcomes from a novel, 8-week website-based mind-body intervention (NF-Web) for adults (18+) with neurofibromatosis (NF1, NF2, and schwannomatosis), a genetic, neurocutaneous disorder characterized by nerve sheath tumors of the central and peripheral nervous system. The study design was a secondary data analysis of a single-arm, early feasibility pilot study (September 2020-May 2021) for adults with NF (N = 28). Across participants, the mean age was 46 (SD = 13.67) and included 22 females and 6 males. Participants completed baseline and posttest assessments (t-tests), as well as exit interviews (exploratory rapid data analysis). Results demonstrated that participation was associated with pre-to-post improvements in gratitude, coping, and mindfulness (p < .05). Exit interviews indicated participant enjoyment and that many would recommend NF-Web to a friend. Participants found the website easy to navigate and enjoyed NF-Web's video format. Many found transcripts useful if they had hearing differences or if English was their second language. NF-Web demonstrated initial signals of improvement in resiliency outcomes and positive user experience. Future pilot RCTs will explore these changes by NF type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E. Wang
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ana-Maria Vranceanu
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ethan G. Lester
- Center for Health Outcomes and Interdisciplinary Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Zeidan RS, McElroy T, Rathor L, Martenson MS, Lin Y, Mankowski RT. Sex differences in frailty among older adults. Exp Gerontol 2023; 184:112333. [PMID: 37993077 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
By definition, aging is a natural, gradual and continuous process. On the other hand, frailty reflects the increase in vulnerability to stressors and shortens the time without disease (health span) while longevity refers to the length of life (lifespan). The average life expectancy has significantly increased during the last few decades. A longer lifespan has been accompanied by an increase in frailty and decreased independence in older adults, with major differences existing between men and women. For example, women tend to live longer than men but also experience higher rates of frailty and disability. Sex differences prevent optimization of lifestyle interventions and therapies to effectively prevent frailty. Sex differences in frailty and aging are rooted in a complex interplay between uncontrollable (genetic, epigenetic, physiological), and controllable factors (psychosocial and lifestyle factors). Thus, understanding the underlying causes of sex differences in frailty and aging is essential for developing personalized interventions to promote healthy aging and improve quality of life in older men and women. In this review, we have discussed the key contributors and knowledge gaps related to sex differences in aging and frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola S Zeidan
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Taylor McElroy
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Laxmi Rathor
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Matthew S Martenson
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Yi Lin
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Robert T Mankowski
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
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24
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Alshowkan A, Shdaifat E, Alnass FA, Alqahtani FM, AlOtaibi NG, AlSaleh NS. Coping strategies in postpartum women: exploring the influence of demographic and maternity factors. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:582. [PMID: 37940932 PMCID: PMC10633904 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02751-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postpartum depression is a frequent mental health issue that affects many women due to this stressful phase. The aim of the study is to gain insight into the coping strategies employed by postpartum women and to explore how these strategies are influenced by various demographic and maternity factors. METHODS The study adopted a quantitative, cross-sectional design. Data were collected from 239 postpartum women receiving care at a Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic using self-reported tools, which include the Brief COPE survey and the socio-demographics and obstetric/maternal history form from October 2022 to April 2023. RESULTS The study findings indicate that individuals aged over 40 tend to use more emotional-focused coping compared to those aged 21-30 (p = 0.002) and 31-40. Additionally, both genders of children were associated with more emotional-focused coping (p = 0.007) compared to only having boys. Cesarean section delivery (p = 0.001) was associated with more avoidant-focused coping than normal vaginal delivery. Avoidant-focused coping was significantly predicted by problem-focused coping (p < 0.001), emotional-focused coping (p = 0.034), age (p = 0.003), and gender of children (only boys, p < 0.001; both boys and girls, p = 0.019). Furthermore, problem-focused coping was significantly predicted by age (p = 0.004), gender of children (male child, p = 0.002; both boy and girl: p = 0.014), and avoidant-focused coping (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The study examined how postpartum women cope with the challenges of motherhood and how this relates to their demographic and maternity factors. The results suggest that healthcare professionals should promote effective coping strategies and discourage avoidance-oriented approaches in postpartum interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Alshowkan
- Community Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Emad Shdaifat
- Community Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Abdullah Alnass
- Fundamental of Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Friyal Mubarak Alqahtani
- Community Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora Ghalib AlOtaibi
- Community Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagla Saleh AlSaleh
- Community Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P. O. Box 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Dixon HC, Reynolds LM, Consedine NS. Containing Attachment Concerns: Does Trait Mindfulness Buffer the Links between Attachment Insecurity and Maladaptive Sexual Motivations? JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2023; 60:1126-1137. [PMID: 35230199 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2022.2043229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Individuals reporting greater insecure attachment are more likely to report maladaptive sexual motivations, such as sex to avoid negative relational and personal outcomes (e.g., conflict). Despite the costs of such sexual motivations, research is less clear regarding what might buffer the extent to which attachment insecurities manifest in such motives. The current study examined whether trait mindfulness moderates the links between attachment insecurity and maladaptive sexual motives. Participants (N = 194) completed measures of trait mindfulness, general sexual motivations, and attachment. As predicted, the links between attachment anxiety and having sex to cope and affirm the self were eliminated among individuals reporting higher levels of the acting with awareness facet of trait mindfulness. No such buffering effects were seen for attachment avoidance. Instead, acting with awareness mindfulness appeared to increase the extent to which more avoidantly attached individuals reported coping and self-affirmation-based sexual motives. These findings contribute to knowledge regarding the potential utility and limits of mindfulness in relational and sexual contexts, perhaps suggesting that mindfulness may help anxiously attached individuals manage the extent to which attachment concerns manifest in maladaptive sexual motivations. Findings of the study may inform both theory regarding mindfulness in interpersonal functioning and how mindfulness interventions might be deployed in sex therapy contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Dixon
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland
| | - L M Reynolds
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland
| | - N S Consedine
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland
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26
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Saghafi E, Andås CA, Bernson J, Kjeller G. Patients' experiences of adverse symptoms, emotions, and coping strategies in connection to treatment of head and neck cancer - an interview study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:641. [PMID: 37670339 PMCID: PMC10478420 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03366-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to increase the understanding of emotions and coping strategies used by head and neck cancer patients before cancer treatment, and to explore their emotions and coping strategies in relation to symptoms and side effects after treatment. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the patients' perceptions of received treatment and support. METHODS Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 patients who had been treated for head and neck cancer, which included radiotherapy, at the Department of Oncology and the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg. The interviews were analyzed in accordance with the method for Qualitative Content Analysis. RESULTS The result picture revealed three head themes. The first theme "Management of simultaneously influencing mind-sets before cancer treatment" described the patients experiences of feeling "Scared and worried," "Lonely and disappointed," and "Relieved and confident", and how they tried to handle the diagnosis and preparations for treatment by "Applying a positive mind-set", "Searching for support," and "Trusting the healthcare system". The second theme "Experiences of becoming a pale shadow of oneself", illustrated experiences of affecting post-treatment symptoms and side effects. To which, the last theme "Handling contextual influencing experiences after cancer treatment" displayed post-treatment emotions of being "Shocked and disappointed" and "Concerned and unsupported" but also "Grateful and forward-thinking", where strategies such as "Appreciating Life", "Networking socially," and "Adapting to the new life" were used. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated the need for a more patient-centered care approach, with clearer structures and improved individual support both before and after treatment and in connection to rehabilitation. Patients' cognitive changes after cancer treatment should be considered in the aftercare, which should also include adaptation to situation and strengthening of patients' self-management as a goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie Saghafi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 12A, Gothenburg, 413 90, Sweden.
- Department of Orofacial Pain, Region Västra Götaland, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Charlotte Andrén Andås
- Department of Orofacial Pain, Region Västra Götaland, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jenny Bernson
- Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Kjeller
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 12A, Gothenburg, 413 90, Sweden
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Sarig Y, Alvarez-Alvarado S, Eccles DW. Organic self-talk content categories and their relations to sport-specific contextual and personal factors. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2023; 68:102449. [PMID: 37665899 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
While strategic self-talk interventions are well documented, less is known regarding organically occurring self-talk. Previously, eight organic self-talk content categories were identified, however contextual and personal factors relating to these categories is unexplored. The aim of the study was to explore the relationships between stress, coping, athletic identity, demographic and sport-related factors and the eight organic self-talk categories of anxiety control, confidence, disengagement, instruction, psych-up, somatic fatigue, worry, and irrelevant. 216 NCAA student-athletes were recruited. Regression was used to determine the relationships between the contextual and personal variables and organic self-talk. Stress, coping and self-talk categories were compared in and out-of-season. Stress was associated with all self-talk frequencies except confidence. Coping was associated with psych-up, confidence and worry. Athletic identity was associated with psych-up, confidence, instruction and disengagement. Age was associated with anxiety control and instruction. Lastly, sport type and division level were associated with disengagement and instruction self-talk respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Sarig
- Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, USA.
| | | | - David W Eccles
- Department of Educational Psychology and Learning Systems, Florida State University, USA
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28
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Noreen S, Dritschel B. Thinking about the consequences: The detrimental role of future thinking on intrapersonal problem-solving in depression. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289676. [PMID: 37611035 PMCID: PMC10446235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that depressed individuals encounter a multitude of social problems in daily life, research on social problem-solving has largely been dominated by research on interpersonal problems and there is a paucity of research on intrapersonal problems. Intrapersonal problems are linked to one's subjective psychological functioning and involve managing one's own feelings and emotions pertaining to the self. Given that depressed individuals exhibit impaired emotion regulation, it is possible that their ability to solve intrapersonal problems may be impaired, especially in relation to future thinking. The aim of this study was to investigate whether future thinking, in the form of thinking about the consequences of a problem being resolved or remaining unresolved has an impact on intrapersonal problem-solving in depression. Forty-five depressed and fifty-four non-depressed participants completed a modified version of the means end problem-solving task (MEPS). In the task, participants were presented with a series of intrapersonal problems and were asked to generate consequences of the problems being resolved or remaining unresolved. Participants were then presented with a positive resolution to each of the problems and were asked to solve the problem to achieve the positive resolution. Following a delay, participants were asked to recall all of the consequences initially generated. Overall, depressed individuals generated fewer-relevant means and less effective solutions to problems than non-depressed participants. Depressed individuals also demonstrated impaired intrapersonal problem-solving following the generation of resolved and unresolved consequences, compared to a baseline condition, where no consequences were generated. These findings suggest that future thinking impairs intrapersonal problem-solving and indicates that a more nuanced approach to future thinking and social problem-solving in depression is needed across different real-life problem-solving contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Noreen
- Department of Psychology, De Montfort University, Leicester, England
| | - Barbara Dritschel
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland
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Fung VSC, Chan JMT, Chui EMC, Wong CSM, Chan JKN, Chu RST, So YK, Chung AKK, Lee KCK, Cheng CPW, Law CW, Chan WC, Chang WC. Prevalence and correlates of subjective cognitive impairment in Chinese psychiatric patients during the fifth wave of COVID-19 in Hong Kong. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1216768. [PMID: 37663610 PMCID: PMC10469870 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1216768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The extent of cognitive impairment and its association with psychological distress among people with pre-existing mental illness during COVID-19 is understudied. This study aimed to investigate prevalence and correlates of subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) in Chinese psychiatric patients during fifth-wave of COVID-19 in Hong Kong (HK). Methods Four-hundred-eight psychiatric outpatients aged 18-64 years were assessed with questionnaires between 28 March and 8 April 2022, encompassing illness profile, psychopathological symptoms, coping-styles, resilience, and COVID-19 related factors. Participants were categorized into moderate-to-severe and intact/mild cognitive impairment (CI+ vs. CI-) groups based on severity of self-reported cognitive complaints. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to determine variables associated with CI+ status. Results One-hundred-ninety-nine participants (48.8%) experienced CI+. A multivariate model on psychopathological symptoms found that depressive and post-traumatic-stress-disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms were related to CI+, while a multivariate model on coping, resilience and COVID-19 related factors revealed that avoidant coping, low resilience and more stressors were associated with CI+. Final combined model demonstrated the best model performance and showed that more severe depressive and PTSD-like symptoms, and adoption of avoidant coping were significantly associated with CI+. Conclusion Almost half of the sample of psychiatric patients reported cognitive complaints during fifth-wave of COVID-19 in HK. Greater depressive and PTSD-like symptom severity, and maladaptive (avoidant) coping were found as correlates of SCI. COVID-19 related factors were not independently associated with SCI in psychiatric patients. Early detection with targeted psychological interventions may therefore reduce psychological distress, and hence self-perceived cognitive difficulties in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Shi Cheng Fung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jacob Man Tik Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Corine Sau Man Wong
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joe Kwun Nam Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ryan Sai Ting Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuen Kiu So
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Albert Kar Kin Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Krystal Chi Kei Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Calvin Pak Wing Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Wing Law
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Bamdad MC, Vitous CA, Rivard SJ, Anderson M, Lussiez A, De Roo A, Englesbe MJ, Suwanabol PA. What We Talk About When We Talk About Coping: A Qualitative Study of Surgery Resident's Coping After Complications and Deaths. Ann Surg 2023; 278:e422-e428. [PMID: 36994739 PMCID: PMC10363203 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore how surgery residents cope with unwanted patient outcomes including postoperative complications and death. BACKGROUND Surgery residents face a variety of work-related stressors that require them to engage in coping strategies. Postoperative complications and deaths are common sources of such stressors. Although few studies examine the response to these events and their impacts on subsequent decision-making, there has been little scholarly work exploring coping strategies among surgery residents specifically. METHODS This study investigated the ways, in which general surgery residents cope with unwanted patient outcomes, including complications and deaths. Mid-level and senior residents (n = 28) from 14 academic, community, and hybrid training programs across the United States participated in exploratory semistructured interviews conducted by an experienced anthropologist. Interview transcripts were analyzed iteratively, informed by thematic analysis. RESULTS When discussing how they cope with complications and deaths, residents described both internal and external strategies. Internal strategies included a sense of inevitability, compartmentalization of emotions or experiences, thoughts of forgiveness, and beliefs surrounding resilience. External strategies included support from colleagues and mentors, commitment to change, and personal practices or rituals, such as exercise or psychotherapy. CONCLUSIONS In this novel qualitative study, general surgery residents described the coping strategies that they organically used after postoperative complications and deaths. To improve resident well-being, it is critical to first understand the natural coping processes. Such efforts will facilitate structuring future support systems to aid residents during these difficult periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela C. Bamdad
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - C. Ann Vitous
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Samantha J. Rivard
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Maia Anderson
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Alisha Lussiez
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Ana De Roo
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Michael J. Englesbe
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
| | - Pasithorn A. Suwanabol
- Center for Healthcare Outcomes and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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Gupta MND, Hantzmon SV, Kutner JS, Arnold RM, Duck V, Mahoney H, Willis E, Pollak KI. Patient and Caregiver Expression of Reluctance and Ambivalence During Palliative Care Encounters. J Palliat Med 2023; 26:1391-1394. [PMID: 37410538 PMCID: PMC10541930 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2022.0533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Context: Patients with serious illness and their caregivers often face challenging decisions. When faced with these decisions, patients and caregivers may display signs of ambivalence and reluctance toward end-of-life decision making. Methods: We recruited 22 palliative care clinicians to participate in a communication coaching study. Clinicians audio recorded four of their palliative care encounters with adult patients and family caregivers. A team of 5 coders used inductive coding methods to create a codebook and then coded instances of patients and caregivers expressing ambivalence and reluctance. They also coded when the decision-making process was initiated and whether a decision was made. The group coded 76 encounters, and 10% (n = 8) of those encounters were double coded to assess inter-rater reliability. Results: We found that ambivalence occurred in 82% (n = 62) of the encounters, while reluctance occurred in 75% (n = 57) of the encounters. The overall prevalence of either was 89% (n = 67). The presence of ambivalence was negatively associated with a decision being made once initiated (r = -0.29, p = 0.06). Conclusion: We found that coders can reliably identify patient and caregiver reluctance and ambivalence. Further, reluctance and ambivalence occur frequently in palliative care encounters. When patients and caregivers have ambivalence, decision making might be hampered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya N. Das Gupta
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah V. Hantzmon
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jean S. Kutner
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Robert M. Arnold
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Section of Palliative Care and Medical Ethics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Veronica Duck
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hannah Mahoney
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ethan Willis
- Department of Biology, Geology, and Environmental Science, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kathryn I. Pollak
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Lee J, Sol K, Zaheed A, Morris E, Meister L, Palms J, Zahodne L. Coping Styles and Cognitive Function in Older Non-Hispanic Black and White Adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2023; 78:789-798. [PMID: 36630289 PMCID: PMC10174202 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbad005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Coping styles refer to cognitive and behavioral patterns used to manage the demands of stressors, and effective coping represents a psychological resource. Some studies have linked coping styles to executive functioning, but less is known about coping styles and their associations with cognition across social groups known to differ in stress exposure and dementia risk. This study aimed to characterize associations between coping styles and cognitive functioning across non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White older adults. METHODS Participants were drawn from the Michigan Cognitive Aging Project (N = 453; age mean (SD) = 63.6 (3.2); 53% non-Hispanic Black). Problem-focused and emotion-focused coping were measured using the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory. Global cognition was a composite of 5 cognitive domain scores derived from comprehensive neuropsychological tests. Cross-sectional associations between coping styles and cognition were examined using race-stratified regressions controlling for demographic and health covariates. RESULTS Black older adults reported more emotion-focused coping than White older adults, but there were no race differences in problem-focused coping. Among Black older adults, less problem-focused coping and more emotion-focused coping were each associated with worse cognition. Among White older adults, emotion-focused coping was marginally linked to cognition. DISCUSSION Greater emotion-focused coping among Black older adults may reflect greater exposure to stressors that are uncontrollable. Patterns of racial differences in coping-cognition links are in line with the social vulnerabilities hypothesis. Coping style may be a particularly important psychosocial resource for cognitive health among Black older adults that could be incorporated into culturally relevant interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ketlyne Sol
- Social Environment and Health Program, Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Afsara B Zaheed
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily P Morris
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lindsey M Meister
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jordan D Palms
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Laura B Zahodne
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Sittner KJ, Herman KA, Gonzalez MB, Walls ML. A longitudinal study of positive mental health and coping among Indigenous adults with type 2 diabetes. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2023; 36:339-352. [PMID: 35587950 PMCID: PMC9674796 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2022.2076082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Indigenous Peoples and scholars call for strengths-based approaches to research inclusive of Indigenous resiliency and positive outcomes. The purpose of this study was to examine positive mental health for Indigenous adults with type 2 diabetes and to determine if positive mental health is linked to community connectedness (a coping resource) and active coping (a coping response). METHODS Participants (N = 194 at baseline) were randomly selected from clinical records, at least 18 years old with a type 2 diabetes diagnosis, and self-identified as American Indian. RESULTS Latent growth curve models revealed that average positive mental health was predicted to decrease over the four waves of the study, although not for participants with above-average active coping at baseline. Community connectedness at baseline was associated with higher initial levels of positive mental health. Within-person change in active coping and community connectedness were both associated with increases in positive mental health. CONCLUSION This study aligns with previous research demonstrating that coping can influence health outcomes, and furthers the stress process literature by showing that active coping and community connectedness can impact positive mental health for Indigenous adults with Type 2 Diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaley A. Herman
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health; Center for American Indian Health; Duluth, MN
| | - Miigis B. Gonzalez
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health; Center for American Indian Health; Duluth, MN
| | - Melissa L. Walls
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health; Center for American Indian Health; Duluth, MN
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Boehm LM, Danesh V, Eaton TL, McPeake J, Pena MA, Bonnet KR, Stollings JL, Jones AC, Schlundt DG, Sevin CM. Multidisciplinary ICU Recovery Clinic Visits: A Qualitative Analysis of Patient-Provider Dialogues. Chest 2023; 163:843-854. [PMID: 36243061 PMCID: PMC10258431 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research confirms the heterogeneous nature of patient challenges during recovery from the ICU and supports the need for modifying care experiences, but few data are available to guide clinicians seeking to support patients' individual recovery trajectories. RESEARCH QUESTION What is the content of patient-provider dialogues in a telemedicine multidisciplinary ICU recovery clinic (ICU-RC)? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a qualitative descriptive study in a telemedicine multidisciplinary ICU-RC at a tertiary academic medical center in the southeastern United States. The sample included 19 patients and 13 caregivers (≥ 18 years of age) attending a telemedicine ICU-RC visit after critical illness resulting from septic shock or ARDS. Patients and caregivers met with an ICU pharmacist, ICU physician, and a psychologist via a secure web-conferencing platform for 33 ICU-RC visits within 12 weeks of hospital discharge. Telemedicine ICU-RC visits were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis. A coding system was developed using iterative inductive and deductive approaches. RESULTS Two themes were identified from the patient-provider dialogue: (1) problem identification and (2) problem-solving strategies. We identified five subthemes that capture the types of problems identified: health status, mental health and cognition, medication management, health-care access and navigation, and quality of life. Problem-solving subthemes included facilitating care coordination and transitions, providing education, and giving constructive feedback and guidance. INTERPRETATION Patients surviving a critical illness experience a complexity of problems that may be addressed best by a multidisciplinary ICU-RC. Through analysis of our telemedicine ICU-RC dialogues, we were able to identify problems and solutions to address challenges during a critical transitional phase of ICU recovery. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov; No.: NCT03926533; URL: www. CLINICALTRIALS gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne M Boehm
- School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, Survivorship Center, Nashville, TN.
| | - Valerie Danesh
- Center for Applied Health Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | - Tammy L Eaton
- National Clinician Scholars Program, VA HSR&D Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation, and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Systems, Populations and Leadership, University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Joanne McPeake
- The Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - Maria A Pena
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Kemberlee R Bonnet
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Joanna L Stollings
- Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, Survivorship Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | - David G Schlundt
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Carla M Sevin
- Critical Illness, Brain Dysfunction, Survivorship Center, Nashville, TN; Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Urbański PK, Rogoza R, Brewer B, Tasiemski T. Coping with the COVID-19 pandemic by Paralympic athletes preparing for elite sport events: A longitudinal study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:512-520. [PMID: 36404127 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, coping styles and their relationship, and training opportunities in elite athletes with disabilities (AwD) preparing for national and international sport events during a ten-month observation period. METHODS The study covered four time points in 3-month intervals, one retrospective, and three times during the 10 months of the pandemic period with diversified numbers of average new infections per day: A-pre-pandemic, B-third wave of the pandemic (mean = 15 681), C-decrease of the pandemic (mean = 102), and D-fourth wave of the pandemic (mean = 22 591). Main outcome measures included the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. RESULTS The models regarding changes in anxiety (F(3,72) = 22.43; p < 0.001; partial η2 = 0.48) and depression (F(3,72) = 23.82; p < 0.001; partial η2 = 0.50) over the four time points of examination were significant. The pattern of relationship between coping styles and mood changes during COVID-19 pandemic periods, that is, a sudden increase in anxiety during dynamic growth of infections (waves of a pandemic) and a steady increase in depression over the course of the pandemic was not found. The difference in planned and actual training decreased significantly over time (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS During the transitionary times of the COVID-19 pandemic, both mental health and training opportunities of AwD were at increased risk. Individual coping styles used by AwD were insufficient resources to cope with the extreme stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Their mental health should be monitored in pandemics and similar situations to ensure appropriate and timely organizational and psychological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kazimierz Urbański
- Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Radosław Rogoza
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Britton Brewer
- Department of Psychology, Springfield College, Springfield, USA
| | - Tomasz Tasiemski
- Department of Adapted Physical Activity, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
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Samuolis J, Higley E, Leone J. Stress and Coping among College Students during a COVID-19 Red Alert Status on Campus. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2023.2186985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Alesi M, Giordano G, Gentile A, Caci B. The Switch to Online Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Interplay between Personality and Mental Health on University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5255. [PMID: 37047875 PMCID: PMC10094209 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The switching from traditional to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic was challenging for students, determining an increase in physical and mental health problems. The current paper applied a two-step cluster analysis in a large sample of n = 1028 university students (Mage = 21.10 years, SD = 2.45 years; range: 18-30 years; 78.4% females). Participants responded to an online survey exploring neuroticism, trait/state anxiety, general self-efficacy, academic motivation, fear of COVID-19, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical and mental health, and the help requests. Results showed two significant clusters of students having a Maladaptive Academic Profile (n = 456; 44.4%) or an Adaptive Academic Profile (n = 572; 55.6%). Significant differences were found between the two clusters, where students belonging to the Maladaptive Academic Profile reported higher levels of neuroticism, higher dispositional and situational anxiety, and fear of COVID-19, and lower self-efficacy and academic motivation than students of the Adaptive Academic Profile cluster. In addition, more physical or mental health problems and help requests, mainly to partners during the COVID-19 pandemic, were found in the Maladaptive Academic Profile cluster compared to the Adaptive Academic Profile. Finally, the practical implications of the study's results in implementing university counseling services as protective measures to contrast psychological distress in the long-term COVID-19 pandemic are discussed.
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Zhong B, Xie L. Making "Joy Pie" to Stay Joyful: Self-Care Interventions Alleviate College Students' Mental Health Challenges. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3823. [PMID: 36900839 PMCID: PMC10001250 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As more college students are facing mental health challenges, it is imperative to explore innovative ways of improving their mental health, including developing self-care interventions that help mitigate their stressors. Based on the Response Styles Theory and self-care conceptions, this study creates the "Joy Pie" project that consists of five self-care strategies, aiming to regulate negative emotions and increase self-care efficacy. Using an experimental design and two-wave data collected from a representative sample of Beijing college students (n1 = 316, n2 = 127), this study assesses the effects of the five proposed interventions on the students' self-care efficacy and mental health management. The results show that self-care efficacy helped improve mental health through emotion regulation, which is mediated by age, gender, and family income. The promising results support the effectiveness of the "Joy Pie" interventions in strengthening self-care efficacy and improving mental health. This study offers insights into building back better mental health security among college students at this critical time when the world is recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu Zhong
- Department of Interactive Media, School of Communication, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lola Xie
- Donald P. Bellisario College of Communications, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Krok D, Telka E, Szcześniak M, Falewicz A. Threat Appraisal, Resilience, and Health Behaviors in Recovered COVID-19 Patients: The Serial Mediation of Coping and Meaning-Making. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3649. [PMID: 36834343 PMCID: PMC9963736 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Research indicates that both cognitive appraisal and personal resources can noticeably influence health behaviors, as individuals modify their health convictions and practices on the basis of threat appraisal, personality, and meaning. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether coping strategies and meaning-making can serially mediate the relationship of threat appraisal and resilience with health behaviors in recovered COVID-19 patients. Self-report measures of threat appraisal, resilience, coping, meaning-making, and health behaviors were completed by 266 participants (aged 17 to 78, 51.5% female) who had recovered from COVID-19. The serial mediation analysis showed that the relationship of threat appraisal and resilience with health behaviors was mediated by problem-focused coping, meaning-focused coping, and meaning-making, but not by emotion-focused coping. These results suggest that associations among threat perception, resilience, and health behavior depend to some extent on the interplay of coping and meaning-making, which reveals their unique role in the process of recovery from COVID-19, with potential implications for health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Krok
- Institute of Psychology, University of Opole, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | - Ewa Telka
- Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland
| | | | - Adam Falewicz
- Institute of Psychology, University of Szczecin, 71-017 Szczecin, Poland
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Simione L, Gnagnarella C. Humor Coping Reduces the Positive Relationship between Avoidance Coping Strategies and Perceived Stress: A Moderation Analysis. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13020179. [PMID: 36829408 PMCID: PMC9952361 DOI: 10.3390/bs13020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Humor is considered an adaptive coping strategy as it could reduce the burden of perceived stress and increase positive emotional states when dealing with stressful situations. Humor has been reported in several models as a rather independent strategy that can be correlated with both approach-based coping strategies and avoidance-based coping strategies. Humor can be defined as a hedonistic escapism strategy that would work better in the presence of unpredictable or uncontrollable stressors, such as the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and its related confinement measures. Therefore, during such a stressful event, humor would have increased the positive effect of the approach coping style on mental health and reduced the negative effect of the avoidance coping style. Based on this hypothesis, we conducted a cross-sectional study with a moderation analysis in which we assessed the interaction of humor with both approach-based and avoidance-based coping styles on perceived stress in a large sample of Italian participants collected in April and May 2021. Despite some limitations related to sampling and study design, the results obtained partially support our hypothesis, as we observed that humor had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between avoidance coping and psychological distress, with a reduction of perceived stress while using such a coping style in the presence of a medium to high level of humor. On the other hand, we did not observe a significant moderating effect of humor on the relationship between the approach coping style and perceived stress. In general, our results support the beneficial effect of humor on mental health and highlight a special role for humor as a moderator of other coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Simione
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie della Cognizione, ISTC, CNR, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Mrug S, Pollock J, Pollock D, Seifert M, Johnson KA, Knight DC. Early Life Stress, Coping, and Cardiovascular Reactivity to Acute Social Stress. Psychosom Med 2023; 85:118-129. [PMID: 36728859 PMCID: PMC9918702 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early life stress (ELS) occurring during childhood and adolescence is an established risk factor for later cardiovascular disease and dysregulated reactivity to acute social stress. This study examined whether ELS associations with baseline cardiovascular functioning, cardiovascular stress reactivity and recovery, and emotional stress reactivity vary across levels of emotion-oriented, task-oriented, and avoidant coping styles. METHODS The sample included 1027 adolescents and young adults (mean age = 19.29 years; 50% female; 64% Black, 34% non-Hispanic White) who reported on their ELS exposure and coping styles. Participants completed a standardized acute social stress test (the Trier Social Stress Test [TSST]), with heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) measured before, during, and after the TSST. Self-reports of negative emotions during the TSST indexed emotional stress reactivity. RESULTS Multiple regression models adjusting for demographic factors and body mass index showed that ELS was associated with lower HR stress reactivity, avoidant coping was related to lower systolic BP and diastolic BP during stress and lower systolic BP during recovery, and higher emotion-oriented coping and lower task-oriented coping predicted greater emotional stress reactivity. A consistent pattern emerged where emotion-oriented coping amplified the associations between ELS and maladaptive stress responses (blunted cardiovascular stress reactivity and recovery; enhanced emotional stress reactivity), whereas lower levels of emotion-oriented coping were associated with resilient profiles among those who experienced ELS (lower resting HR, lower emotional stress reactivity, average HR and BP stress reactivity and recovery). However, low levels of emotion-oriented coping also conferred a risk of higher BP during recovery for those with high levels of ELS. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that low to moderate levels of emotion-oriented coping promote optimal cardiovascular and emotional reactivity to acute stress among individuals exposed to ELS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Mrug
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Jennifer Pollock
- CardioRenal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - David Pollock
- CardioRenal Physiology and Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Michael Seifert
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | | | - David C. Knight
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Raasthøj I, Rasmussen S, Carstensen TBW, Wehberg S, Rosendal M, Jarbøl DE. Coping strategies among individuals with multiple physical symptoms: A general population-based cross-sectional study. J Psychosom Res 2023; 165:111140. [PMID: 36621211 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Coping has been suggested as a perpetuating factor for physical symptoms. The aim of this study was to examine the use of the coping strategies approach, resignation, and diversion in individuals with multiple physical symptoms according to the construct of Bodily Distress Syndrome (BDS). METHODS This cross-sectional study was part of the nationwide web-based survey Danish Symptom Cohort (DaSC). In total, 100,000 individuals were invited to participate, and individuals eligible for the present study were respondents aged 20-64 years without a current or recent pregnancy. Multiple physical symptoms were identified using the BDS checklist, and coping was assessed by the Brief Approach/Avoidance Coping Questionnaire. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and multinomial and logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 35,810 respondents were included in the study, of which 8512 (23.8%) fulfilled the criteria for having multiple physical symptoms. This group of respondents had lower coping scores on approach and higher coping scores on resignation and diversion compared with the non-BDS group. The regression analyses showed that high scores on approach were associated with a lower probability of having multiple symptoms (adjusted OR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.91-0.92), whereas high scores on diversion and resignation were associated with a higher probability of having multiple symptoms (adjusted OR 1.10; 95% CI: 1.09-1.11 and adjusted OR 1.19; 95% CI: 1.18-1.20, respectively). CONCLUSION The study supports the hypothesis that experiencing multiple physical symptoms is associated with certain coping strategies. This is relevant knowledge for health care professionals who will be treating this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Raasthøj
- The Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Sanne Rasmussen
- The Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Tina Birgitte Wisbech Carstensen
- The Research Clinic for Functional Disorders and Psychosomatics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Sonja Wehberg
- The Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Marianne Rosendal
- The Research Clinic for Functional Disorders and Psychosomatics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; The Research Unit for General Practice, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Dorte Ejg Jarbøl
- The Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Xu G, Xue M, Zhao J. The Relationship of Artificial Intelligence Opportunity Perception and Employee Workplace Well-Being: A Moderated Mediation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1974. [PMID: 36767341 PMCID: PMC9915176 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Several previous studies have revealed a positive relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) technology development and employees' employment, income, and job performance. If individuals can seize the opportunity to master the knowledge and skills relevant to the implementation of AI, they could make career progress and improve their workplace well-being (WWB). Based on the transactional theory of stress and resource conservation theory, we constructed a moderated mediation model to explore the relationship between AI opportunity perception and employees' WWB and examine the mediating factor of informal learning in the workplace (ILW), as well as the moderating factor of unemployment risk perception (URP). Through a survey of 268 employees, our results showed the following: (1) AI opportunity perception was significantly positively correlated with employees' WWB; (2) ILW played a mediating role in the positive relationship between AI opportunity perception and employees' WWB; and (3) URP negatively moderated the mediating relationship of ILW between AI opportunity perception and employees' WWB. Our research results have a guiding significance for enterprises seeking to promote WWB during AI application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Xu
- School of Business, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Ming Xue
- School of Business Administration, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jidi Zhao
- School of Public Administration, College of Economics and Management, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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Troy AS, Willroth EC, Shallcross AJ, Giuliani NR, Gross JJ, Mauss IB. Psychological Resilience: An Affect-Regulation Framework. Annu Rev Psychol 2023; 74:547-576. [PMID: 36103999 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-020122-041854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to adversity (e.g., poverty, bereavement) is a robust predictor of disruptions in psychological functioning. However, people vary greatly in their responses to adversity; some experience severe long-term disruptions, others experience minimal disruptions or even improvements. We refer to the latter outcomes-faring better than expected given adversity-as psychological resilience. Understanding what processes explain resilience has critical theoretical and practical implications. Yet, psychology's understanding of resilience is incomplete, for two reasons: (a) We lack conceptual clarity, and (b) two major approaches to resilience-the stress and coping approach and the emotion and emotion-regulation approach-have limitations and are relatively isolated from one another. To address these two obstacles,we first discuss conceptual questions about resilience. Next, we offer an integrative affect-regulation framework that capitalizes on complementary strengths of both approaches. This framework advances our understanding of resilience by integrating existing findings, highlighting gaps in knowledge, and guiding future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison S Troy
- Popular Comms Institute, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA; .,Department of Psychology, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily C Willroth
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
| | - Amanda J Shallcross
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA;
| | | | - James J Gross
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA;
| | - Iris B Mauss
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA;
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45
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Fradelos EC, Papathanasiou IV, Dafogianni C, Misouridou E, Koutelekos I, Dousis E, Vlachou E, Evangelou E, Alikari V, Gerogianni G, Polikandrioti M, Zartaloudi A. The Effect of Psychological Resilience and Coping Strategies on Mental Health of Nurses. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1425:23-30. [PMID: 37581778 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nursing professional is considered to be stressful with impact on nurses' mental health. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of coping strategies and psychological resilience on anxiety and depression among nurses. METHODS In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, 378 nurses from two hospitals (a general and a psychiatric) in Greece completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2 (GAD-2), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 25 (CD-RISC 25), and the Ways of Coping Questionnaire for evaluating the depression, anxiety, psychological resilience, and coping strategies, respectively. The study was carried out between October and December of 2019. Statistical analysis was performed with JASP version 0.14.01 and significance for all statistical tests was set at 0.05 or less. RESULTS Psychological resilience was significantly correlated with anxiety (r = -0.127, p = 0.014), Positive approach (r = -0.466, p<0.001), Seeking social support (r = -0.228, p < 0.001), Avoidance/Escape (r = -0.121, p = 0.020). Anxiety was positively correlated with Seeking social support (r = -0.112, p = 0.030), Prayer/Daydream (r = -0.132, p = 0.030), Avoidance/Escape (r = -0.164, p < 0.001), and Assertive problem solving (r =-0.195, p < 0.0010). Psychological resilience, Avoidance, and Assertive problem-solving were significant predictors of increasing of anxiety (β = -0.128, p = 0.013, β = 0.130, p = 0.027, β = 0.131, p = 0.020, respectively). Avoidance (β = 0.209, p < 0.001) and age (β = 0.208, p = 0.029) were significant predictors of depression. CONCLUSIONS Psychological resilience and coping strategies have a significant effect on nurses' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Evangelos Dousis
- Department of Nursing, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Eugenia Vlachou
- Department of Nursing, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Evangelou
- Department of Nursing, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Victoria Alikari
- Department of Nursing, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
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Srivastava S, Upadhaya P, Jain R. Listen to the heart or mind first? Examining sequential coping mechanisms among Indians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1104973. [PMID: 36935969 PMCID: PMC10016227 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1104973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examines the mediating role of emotion-focused and problem-focused coping between stress and psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample comprised 501 (312 women and 184 men aged between 18 and 42) Indians who experienced the first-ever continued lockdown in India during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of this study confirmed the presence of perceived stress due to the lockdown and pandemic among participants. Furthermore, perceived stress, coping including emotion-focused and problem-focused, and psychological well-being were found to be interrelated. The serial mediation analysis revealed that participants dealt with stress by choosing emotion-focused coping first as an immediate resort. After a reappraisal of stress-inducing situations, they used problem-focused coping, and this sequence of constant coping mechanisms helped maintain their psychological well-being. The findings of this study can be applied to develop strategies for people's mental health by public health organizations and health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Puja Upadhaya
- Independent Researcher, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Puja Upadhaya,
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Bin Adnan MAA, Bin Kassim MSA, Bt Sahril N, Bin Abd Razak MA. Prevalence and Predictors of Anxiety among Stable Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:ijerph20010586. [PMID: 36612905 PMCID: PMC9819532 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created anxiety among hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 patients. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and its associated factors among stable inpatient COVID-19 patients in Malaysia. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a web-based online survey involving 401 patients from Malaysia’s leading COVID-19 hospitals from 15th April until 30th June 2020, who were chosen using quota sampling. The General Anxiety Disorders 7 items (GAD-7) scale, the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (Brief-COPE) and a socio-demographic profile questionnaire were used. Descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression were performed using SPSS v23 to determine the prevalence of anxiety and its associated factors. Result: The results showed that the prevalence of anxiety was 7.0%. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender (p < 0.05), a fear of infection (p < 0.05), a lack of information (p < 0.05), a maladaptive coping mechanism of behavioral disengagement (p < 0.001) and self-blame (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with anxiety. Meanwhile, adaptive coping mechanisms via instrumental support (p < 0.001) were a significant protective predictor of anxiety. Conclusions: COVID-19 infection has had a significant influence on the mental health of patients. Findings in our study provide baseline data on the prevalence of anxiety among stabilized COVID-19 inpatients in Malaysia. Despite the relatively low prevalence, the data have the potential to improve the present mental health monitoring system and the deployment of suitable treatments in dealing with similar circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Azri Adam Bin Adnan
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.B.A.); (M.S.A.B.K.); Tel.: +60-126660695 (M.A.A.B.A.); +60-175607623 (M.S.A.B.K.); Fax: +60-333627801 (M.A.A.B.A. & M.S.A.B.K.)
| | - Mohd Shaiful Azlan Bin Kassim
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.B.A.); (M.S.A.B.K.); Tel.: +60-126660695 (M.A.A.B.A.); +60-175607623 (M.S.A.B.K.); Fax: +60-333627801 (M.A.A.B.A. & M.S.A.B.K.)
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Morstead T, Zheng J, Sin NL, DeLongis A. Perceived threat and coping responses during the COVID-19 pandemic: Prospective associations with vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine 2022; 40:7586-7592. [PMID: 36369099 PMCID: PMC9633616 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light the importance of identifying factors associated with vaccine hesitancy. Disease threat and coping responses are central to health behavior engagement and present potential alterable targets for intervention. PURPOSE To examine the roles of perceived threat of COVID-19 and coping in vaccine hesitancy, we examined how coping strategies involving approach and avoidance interact with perceived threat of COVID-19 to predict vaccine hesitancy. METHODS We used data from 1570 North American participants who reported their vaccine hesitancy as part of a longitudinal study assessing psychosocial responses to the pandemic. We used logistic regression models and mean scores of perceived threat of COVID-19, approach coping, and avoidance coping from prior timepoints to predict vaccine hesitancy in December 2020, when COVID-19 vaccines were first being approved for use in North America. RESULTS Low perceived threat of COVID-19 was associated with greater likelihood of being vaccine hesitant. However, approach coping moderated this association, such that people who engaged in more approach coping were less likely to be vaccine hesitant even when they did not feel personally threatened by COVID-19. In contrast, avoidance coping was associated with greater likelihood of vaccine hesitancy regardless of perceived threat of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS Our results illustrate the contributions of approach and avoidance coping to vaccine hesitancy and in doing so, provide preliminary evidence for coping behavior to serve as a target for intervention to reduce vaccine hesitancy.
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Mental health symptoms 1 year after the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain: The role of pre-existing mental disorders and their type. J Affect Disord 2022; 318:22-28. [PMID: 36058361 PMCID: PMC9434954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The type of pre-existing disorder might determine changes in mental health symptoms (i.e., anxiety, depression) during the COVID-19 pandemic and influence the effect of psychological factors (e.g., social support, resilience, stress) on such symptoms. METHODS Longitudinal data from two assessments (June-2020 and February/March-2021) collected through telephone interviews (Spanish general population) were analysed. Outcome variables included anxiety (GAD-7) and depressive symptoms (PHQ-8). Psychological factors included COVID-perceived stress (adapted COVID-perceived risk scale), social support (OSSS-3), and resilience (CD-RISC). Pre-existing mental conditions (3 groups: mood, anxiety, and comorbid depression+anxiety) were assessed using the CIDI checklist. Changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms between baseline and follow-up were assessed with the paired samples Wilcoxon test. Tobit regression and interaction models were conducted to test associations between psychological factors and these symptoms in follow-up. RESULTS Final sample included 1942 participants (mean age 49.6 yrs., ±16.7; 51.7 % females). Anxiety symptoms increased in all groups except for those with pre-existing mood conditions. Depressive symptoms only increased in those without pre-existing mental disorders and in those with pre-existing anxiety. Higher baseline resilience, increases in social support, and decreases in COVID-perceived stress were associated with lower anxiety and depressive symptoms. The type of pre-existing mental disorder did not modify these associations. LIMITATIONS Lack of pre-pandemic data and the limited number of pre-existing mental conditions. CONCLUSIONS Having pre-pandemic mental disorders is associated with different patterns of anxiety and depressive symptoms during the pandemic. COVID-related stress, social support, and resilience are key factors in improving mental health regardless of the mental diagnosis.
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Shikimoto R, Nozaki S, Sawada N, Shimizu Y, Svensson T, Nakagawa A, Mimura M, Tsugane S. Coping in Mid- to Late Life and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes and Dementia: A JPHC Saku Mental Health Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:1085-1101. [PMID: 36213991 PMCID: PMC9741735 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between coping in mid- to late life and cognitive functions remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between habitual coping behaviors of a large Japanese population in their mid- to late-lives and their risk of cognitive decline 15 years later. METHODS Overall 1,299 participants were assessed for coping behaviors (in 2000) and cognition (2014-2015). We used the Stress and Coping Inventory to assess the frequency of six coping behaviors (i.e., consulting, planning, positive reappraisal, avoidance, fantasizing, and self-blame). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine odds ratios (ORs) for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), MCI subtypes (single- and multiple-domain MCI), and dementia for coping behaviors. RESULTS Among the eligible 1,015 participants (72.6 [SD = 5.5] years old in 2014-2015), the numbers for cognitively normal, single-domain MCI, multiple-domain MCI, and dementia were 650 (64.0%), 116 (11.4%), 213 (21.0%), and 36 (3.5%), respectively. Among the six coping behaviors, avoidant coping was significantly associated with noticeable cognitive decline (multiple-domain MCI and dementia). This association remained significant after adjusting for sex, age, education, diagnosis of current major depressive disorder, past history of ischemic heart disease, diabetes, regular alcohol consumption, and smoking (OR = 2.52, 95% CI = 1.23 to 5.15). No significant association with other coping behaviors was found. CONCLUSION Avoidant coping in mid- and late life is associated with cognitive decline among older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Shikimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,
Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Nozaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,
Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba, Japan,Correspondence to: Shoko Nozaki, MD, PhD, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582 Japan. Tel.: +81 3 3353 1211; Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, 578 Heta-cho, Midori-ku 266-0007, Chiba-city, Chiba, Japan. E-mail: and Norie Sawada, MD, PhD, Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan. Tel.: +81 3 3547 5201 (extension3338); E-mail:
| | - Norie Sawada
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan,Correspondence to: Shoko Nozaki, MD, PhD, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582 Japan. Tel.: +81 3 3353 1211; Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, 578 Heta-cho, Midori-ku 266-0007, Chiba-city, Chiba, Japan. E-mail: and Norie Sawada, MD, PhD, Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan. Tel.: +81 3 3547 5201 (extension3338); E-mail:
| | - Yoko Shimizu
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thomas Svensson
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan,
Department of Bioengineering, Precision Health, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan,
School of Health Innovation, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan,
Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Atsuo Nakagawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Division of Cohort Research, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan,National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
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