1
|
Bashir S, Paeshuyse J. Construction of Antibody Phage Libraries and Their Application in Veterinary Immunovirology. Antibodies (Basel) 2020; 9:E21. [PMID: 32503103 PMCID: PMC7345743 DOI: 10.3390/antib9020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody phage display (APD) technology has revolutionized the field of immunovirology with its application in viral disease diagnostics and antiviral therapy. This robust and versatile technology allows the expression of an antibody fused to a phage coat protein on the surface of a filamentous phage. The DNA sequence coding for the antibody is packaged within the phage, linking the phenotype to genotype. Antibody phage display inherits the ability to rapidly generate and modify or improve high-affinity monoclonal antibodies, rendering it indispensable in immunology. In the last two decades, phage-display-derived antibodies have been extensively used in human medicine as diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Recently, they are also gaining significant ground in veterinary medicine. Even though these advancements are mainly biased towards economically important animals such as chicken, cattle, and pigs, they are laying the foundation of fulfilling the unmet needs of veterinary medicine as antibody-based biologics in viral diagnostics, therapeutics, and immunoprophylaxis. This review provides a brief overview of the construction of antibody phage libraries and their application in diagnosis, prevention, and control of infectious viral diseases in veterinary medicine in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan Paeshuyse
- Department of Biosystems, Division of Animal and Human Health Engineering, Laboratory of Host Pathogen Interaction in Livestock, KU Leuven University, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin Y, Li B, Ye J, Wang M, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhu J. Neutralization Analysis of a Chicken Single-Chain Variable Fragment Derived from an Immune Antibody Library Against Infectious Bronchitis Virus. Viral Immunol 2015; 28:397-404. [PMID: 26090700 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2014.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), which is prevalent in many countries causing severe economic loss to the poultry industry, causes infectious bronchitis (IB) in birds. Recombinant single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) have been proven to effectively inhibit many viruses, both in vitro and in vivo, and they could be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic reagent to control IB. In this study, six anti-IBV chicken scFvs, ZL.10, ZL.64, ZL.78, ZL.80, ZL.138, and ZL.256, were obtained by screening random clones from an immune antibody library. An analysis of nucleotide sequences revealed that they represented distinctive genetic sequences and greatly varied in complementarity-determining region three of the heavy chain. Neutralization tests showed that ZL.10, which bound the S1 protein in western blots, inhibited the formation of syncytia in Vero cells 48 h post IBV infection and decreased the transcriptional level of nucleoprotein mRNA to 17.2%, while the other five scFvs, including ZL.78 and ZL.256, that bound the N protein did not. In conclusion, the results suggested that specific and neutralizing chicken scFvs against IBV, which can be safe and economical antibody reagents, can be produced in vitro through prokaryotic expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lin
- 1 School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Lab of Veterinary Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China .,2 School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan, People's Republic of China .,3 Department of Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University , Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | - Benqiang Li
- 1 School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Lab of Veterinary Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxin Ye
- 1 School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Lab of Veterinary Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Wang
- 1 School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Lab of Veterinary Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University , Yangling, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Jianguo Zhu
- 1 School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Key Lab of Veterinary Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang M, Zhang Y, Li B, Zhu J. Construction of scFv that bind both fibronectin-binding protein A and clumping factor A of Stapylococcus aureus. Res Vet Sci 2015; 100:109-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
4
|
Engineered Bovine Antibodies in the Development of Novel Therapeutics, Immunomodulators and Vaccines. Antibodies (Basel) 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/antib3020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
5
|
Chu JQ, Kim SM, Lee KN, Oem JK, Ko YJ, Lee HS, Kim YJ, Park JY, Kim KJ, Parida S, Oh Y, Paton DJ, Joo YS, Kim B, Park JH. Adenovirus Expressing Human Interferon Inhibits Replication of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus and Reduces Fatal Rate in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4167/jbv.2012.42.3.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qi Chu
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - Su-Mi Kim
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - Kwang-Nyeong Lee
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - Jae-Ku Oem
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - Young-Joon Ko
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - Hyang-Sim Lee
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - Yong-Joo Kim
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - Jee-Yong Park
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - Kwang-Jae Kim
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - Satya Parida
- Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey, GU24 ONF, United Kingdom
| | - Yooni Oh
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - David J. Paton
- Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey, GU24 ONF, United Kingdom
| | - Yi-Seok Joo
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - Byounghan Kim
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| | - Jong-Hyeon Park
- Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency (QIA), Anyang, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Koti M, Nagy E, Kaushik AK. A single point mutation in framework region 3 of heavy chain affects viral neutralization dynamics of single-chain Fv against bovine herpes virus type 1. Vaccine 2011; 29:7905-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
7
|
Bhatia S, Gangil R, Gupta DS, Sood R, Pradhan HK, Dubey SC. Single-chain fragment variable antibody against the capsid protein of bovine immunodeficiency virus and its use in ELISA. J Virol Methods 2010; 167:68-73. [PMID: 20304014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2009] [Revised: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/10/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant antibody specific for the capsid (CA) protein of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) was generated in the form of single-chain fragment variable (ScFv) using the phage display technique for affinity selection. The variable heavy (V(H)) and variable light (V(L)) chain gene fragments were recovered from cells of CA-specific hybridoma (9G10) described previously. The V(H) and V(L) DNA fragments were assembled through a flexible linker DNA to generate ScFv fragment which was cloned in a phagemid expression vector to express ScFv protein. The specific reactivity of the expressed ScFv to the CA antigen was confirmed by Western blot, and the ScFv fragment was used to develop a competitive inhibition ELISA for detection of antibodies to BIV in cattle and buffalo. The recombinant antibody was shown to be more than four times sensitive than its parent monoclonal antibody (MAb, 9G10) by testing of spiked samples of reference positive sera. The improved sensitivity of the recombinant antibody-based ELISA was confirmed by the detection of a larger proportion of animals with BIV antibody by it than by the MAb-based ELISA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Bhatia
- High Security Animal Disease Laboratory, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Anandnagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462021 MP, India. bhatia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koti M, Farrugia W, Nagy E, Ramsland PA, Kaushik AK. Construction of single-chain Fv with two possible CDR3H conformations but similar inter-molecular forces that neutralize bovine herpesvirus 1. Mol Immunol 2009; 47:953-60. [PMID: 20006385 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2009.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) causes respiratory and genital diseases in cattle for which available vaccines do not confer adequate protection. Since passive immunization with antibodies permits disease prevention, single-chain fragment variable (scFv), originating from a monoclonal bovine IgG1 antibody against BoHV-1, were constructed and expressed in Pichia pastoris in V(lambda)-V(H) orientation via a flexible seven-amino acid linker. Similar to the intact IgG, the purified recombinant scFv neutralized BoHV-1 in vitro and recognized viral antigens in BoHV-1 infected MDBK cells by immunofluorescence. Homology modeling of the Fv predicts two distinct conformations for CDR3H. Firstly, a long protruding CDR3H conformation where no disulfide linkage occurred between two "non-canonical" Cys residues resulted in a large binding cavity between V(lambda) and V(H). Secondly, a smaller potential antigen-binding cavity is predicted with a disulfide linkage between the two Cys residues of CDR3H creating a six-membered loop in the ascending polypeptide, which fitted into the space between V(lambda) and V(H). Despite such potential configurational diversity of the antigen-binding site, the electrostatic surface potentials that would interact with the BoHV-1 epitope are largely similar for both the topographies where salt-bridge type electrostatic interactions likely occur at the edges of the binding site. Given that IgG1 antibody against BoHV-1 is clonally selected, it is likely that disulfide-stabilized broader and flatter surface topography is specifically generated to accommodate the predicted carbohydrate neutralizing B-epitope on BoHV-1. The specificity and neutralizing capacity for BoHV-1 of the scFv should make this bovine antibody fragment a useful diagnostic and potential therapeutic candidate for an important viral pathogen in cattle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Koti
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Smith KA, Nelson PN, Warren P, Astley SJ, Murray PG, Greenman J. Demystified...recombinant antibodies. J Clin Pathol 2004; 57:912-7. [PMID: 15333649 PMCID: PMC1770420 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2003.014407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant antibodies are important tools for biomedical research and are increasingly being used as clinical diagnostic/therapeutic reagents. In this article, a background to humanized antibodies is given, together with details of the generation of antibody fragments--for example, single chain Fv fragments. Phage antibody fragments are fast becoming popular and can be generated by simple established methods of affinity enrichment from libraries derived from immune cells. Phage display methodology can also be used for the affinity enrichment of existing antibody fragments to provide a reagent with a higher affinity. Here, phage antibodies are demystified to provide a greater understanding of the potential of these reagents and to engage clinicians and biomedical scientists alike to think about potential applications in pathology and clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Smith
- Division of Cell and Molecular Medicine, Postgraduate Medical Institute, University of Hull, Cottingham Rd, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yan JP, Ko JH, Qi YP. Generation and characterization of a novel single-chain antibody fragment specific against human fibrin clots from phage display antibody library. Thromb Res 2004; 114:205-11. [PMID: 15342217 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2004.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2004] [Revised: 06/08/2004] [Accepted: 06/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel single-chain fragment variable (scFv) antibody was developed directed against human fibrin clots by using the human single fold scFv libraries I+J (Tomlinson I+J). Three positively binding scFvs were evaluated by scFv-phage enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and DNA sequencing. Then the positive scFv was expressed in soluble form in Escherichia coli HB2151 and purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) with a yield of about 1 mg/l, the expression of soluble scFv was verified by Western blot analysis. The purified scFv could specifically recognize human fibrin clots and indicate no binding ability with human fibrinogen shown by ELISA. Furthermore, we will amplify the gene of the positive scFv by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for future study of its role in diagnosis and therapy of thrombus-correlated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Peng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Virology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Hubei, PR China 430072
| | | | | |
Collapse
|