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Wang G, Zhang T, Jiang Y, He S. Compact photoacoustic spectrophone for simultaneously monitoring the concentrations of dichloromethane and trichloromethane with a single acoustic resonator. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:7053-7067. [PMID: 35299477 DOI: 10.1364/oe.450685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated hydrocarbons are frequently used as reagents and organic solvents in different industrial processes. Real-time detection of chlorinated hydrocarbons, as toxic air pollutants and carcinogenic species, is an important requirement for various environmental and industrial applications. In this study, a compact photoacoustic (PA) spectrophone based on a single acoustic resonator for simultaneous detection of trichloromethane (CHCl3) and dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) is first reported by employing a low-cost distributed feedback (DFB) laser emitting at 1684 nm. In consideration of the significant overlapping of absorption spectral from trichloromethane and dichloromethane, the multi-linear regression method was used to calculate the concentrations of CHCl3 and CH2Cl2 with special characterization of the absorption profile. The current modulation amplitude and detection phase in the developed PA spectrophone was optimized for high sensitivity of individual components. The measurement interference of CHCl3 and CH2Cl2 on each other was investigated for accurate detection, respectively. For field measurements, all optical elements were integrated into a 40 cm × 40 cm × 20 cm chassis. This paper provides an experimental verification which strongly recommends this sensor as a compact photoacoustic field sensor system for chlorinated hydrocarbon detection in different applications.
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Large contribution of biomass burning emissions to ozone throughout the global remote troposphere. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2109628118. [PMID: 34930838 PMCID: PMC8719870 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2109628118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ozone is the third most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and methane but has a larger uncertainty in its radiative forcing, in part because of uncertainty in the source characteristics of ozone precursors, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic carbon that directly affect ozone formation chemistry. Tropospheric ozone also negatively affects human and ecosystem health. Biomass burning (BB) and urban emissions are significant but uncertain sources of ozone precursors. Here, we report global-scale, in situ airborne measurements of ozone and precursor source tracers from the NASA Atmospheric Tomography mission. Measurements from the remote troposphere showed that tropospheric ozone is regularly enhanced above background in polluted air masses in all regions of the globe. Ozone enhancements in air with high BB and urban emission tracers (2.1 to 23.8 ppbv [parts per billion by volume]) were generally similar to those in BB-influenced air (2.2 to 21.0 ppbv) but larger than those in urban-influenced air (-7.7 to 6.9 ppbv). Ozone attributed to BB was 2 to 10 times higher than that from urban sources in the Southern Hemisphere and the tropical Atlantic and roughly equal to that from urban sources in the Northern Hemisphere and the tropical Pacific. Three independent global chemical transport models systematically underpredict the observed influence of BB on tropospheric ozone. Potential reasons include uncertainties in modeled BB injection heights and emission inventories, export efficiency of BB emissions to the free troposphere, and chemical mechanisms of ozone production in smoke. Accurately accounting for intermittent but large and widespread BB emissions is required to understand the global tropospheric ozone burden.
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An M, Western LM, Say D, Chen L, Claxton T, Ganesan AL, Hossaini R, Krummel PB, Manning AJ, Mühle J, O'Doherty S, Prinn RG, Weiss RF, Young D, Hu J, Yao B, Rigby M. Rapid increase in dichloromethane emissions from China inferred through atmospheric observations. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7279. [PMID: 34907196 PMCID: PMC8671471 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
With the successful implementation of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, the atmospheric abundance of ozone-depleting substances continues to decrease slowly and the Antarctic ozone hole is showing signs of recovery. However, growing emissions of unregulated short-lived anthropogenic chlorocarbons are offsetting some of these gains. Here, we report an increase in emissions from China of the industrially produced chlorocarbon, dichloromethane (CH2Cl2). The emissions grew from 231 (213-245) Gg yr-1 in 2011 to 628 (599-658) Gg yr-1 in 2019, with an average annual increase of 13 (12-15) %, primarily from eastern China. The overall increase in CH2Cl2 emissions from China has the same magnitude as the global emission rise of 354 (281-427) Gg yr-1 over the same period. If global CH2Cl2 emissions remain at 2019 levels, they could lead to a delay in Antarctic ozone recovery of around 5 years compared to a scenario with no CH2Cl2 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minde An
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Daniel Say
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Liqu Chen
- Meteorological Observation Centre of China Meteorological Administration (MOC/CMA), Beijing, China
| | - Tom Claxton
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Anita L Ganesan
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ryan Hossaini
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Environmental Data Science, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Paul B Krummel
- Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Jens Mühle
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Ronald G Prinn
- Center for Global Change Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ray F Weiss
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dickon Young
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jianxin Hu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Bo Yao
- Meteorological Observation Centre of China Meteorological Administration (MOC/CMA), Beijing, China.
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences & Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Matthew Rigby
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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4
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Say D, Kuyper B, Western L, Khan MAH, Lesch T, Labuschagne C, Martin D, Young D, Manning AJ, O'Doherty S, Rigby M, Krummel PB, Davies-Coleman MT, Ganesan AL, Shallcross DE. Emissions and Marine Boundary Layer Concentrations of Unregulated Chlorocarbons Measured at Cape Point, South Africa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:10514-10523. [PMID: 32786594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Unregulated chlorocarbons, here defined as dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), perchloroethene (C2Cl4), chloroform (CHCl3), and methyl chloride (CH3Cl), are gases not regulated by the Montreal Protocol. While CH3Cl is the largest contributor of atmospheric chlorine, recent studies have shown that growth in emissions of the less abundant chlorocarbons could pose a significant threat to the recovery of the ozone layer. Despite this, there remain many regions for which no atmospheric monitoring exists, leaving gaps in our understanding of global emissions. Here, we report on a new time series of chlorocarbon measurements from Cape Point, South Africa for 2017, which represent the first published high-frequency measurements of these gases from Africa. For CH2Cl2 and C2Cl4, the majority of mole fraction enhancements were observed from the north, consistent with anthropogenically modified air from Cape Town, while for CHCl3 and CH3Cl, we found evidence for both oceanic and terrestrial sources. Using an inverse method, we estimated emissions for south-western South Africa (SWSA). For each chlorocarbon, SWSA accounted for less than 1% of global emissions. For CH2Cl2 and C2Cl4, we extrapolated using population statistics and found South African emissions of 8.9 (7.4-10.4) Gg yr-1 and 0.80 (0.64-1.04) Gg yr-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Say
- Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Brett Kuyper
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Rd, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | - Luke Western
- Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - M Anwar H Khan
- Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Timothy Lesch
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Rd, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | | | - Damien Martin
- School of Physics, Ryan Institute's Centre for Climate and Pollution Studies, and Marine Renewable Energy Ireland, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 CF50, Ireland
| | - Dickon Young
- Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | | | - Simon O'Doherty
- Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Matthew Rigby
- Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Paul B Krummel
- Climate Science Centre, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Aspendale 3195, Australia
| | - Michael T Davies-Coleman
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Rd, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | - Anita L Ganesan
- School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1SS, UK
| | - Dudley E Shallcross
- Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Rd, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
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5
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Petersen AC, Koerstz M, Mikkelsen KV, Sølling TI. Electronic Predissociation in the Dichloromethane Cation CH 2Cl 2+ Electronic State 2A 1. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:4048-4056. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan Christian Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Mads Koerstz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kurt V. Mikkelsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Theis I. Sølling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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6
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Petersen AC, Sølling TI, Waters MD. Symmetry-induced kinetic isotope effects in the dissociation dynamics of CHCl3+ and CHCl4−. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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7
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Hossaini R, Chipperfield MP, Montzka SA, Leeson AA, Dhomse SS, Pyle JA. The increasing threat to stratospheric ozone from dichloromethane. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15962. [PMID: 28654085 PMCID: PMC5490265 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that anthropogenic chlorine-containing chemicals contribute to ozone layer depletion. The successful implementation of the Montreal Protocol has led to reductions in the atmospheric concentration of many ozone-depleting gases, such as chlorofluorocarbons. As a consequence, stratospheric chlorine levels are declining and ozone is projected to return to levels observed pre-1980 later this century. However, recent observations show the atmospheric concentration of dichloromethane—an ozone-depleting gas not controlled by the Montreal Protocol—is increasing rapidly. Using atmospheric model simulations, we show that although currently modest, the impact of dichloromethane on ozone has increased markedly in recent years and if these increases continue into the future, the return of Antarctic ozone to pre-1980 levels could be substantially delayed. Sustained growth in dichloromethane would therefore offset some of the gains achieved by the Montreal Protocol, further delaying recovery of Earth’s ozone layer. Chlorine-containing species deplete stratospheric ozone and while chlorofluorocarbons have been drastically reduced, dichloromethane concentrations have recently increased rapidly. Hossaini et al. show that continued growth at this rate could result in important delays to Antarctic ozone recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Hossaini
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Martyn P Chipperfield
- School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.,National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Stephen A Montzka
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Amber A Leeson
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Sandip S Dhomse
- School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.,National Centre for Earth Observation, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - John A Pyle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.,National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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8
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Ou-Yang CF, Chang CC, Chen SP, Chew C, Lee BR, Chang CY, Montzka SA, Dutton GS, Butler JH, Elkins JW, Wang JL. Changes in the levels and variability of halocarbons and the compliance with the Montreal Protocol from an urban view. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 138:438-446. [PMID: 26160300 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ambient levels and variability of major atmospheric halocarbons, i.e. CFC-12, CFC-11, CFC-113, CCl4, CH3CCl3, C2HCl3, and C2Cl4 in a major metropolis (Taipei, Taiwan) were re-investigated after fourteen years by flask sampling in 2012. Our data indicates that the variability expressed as standard deviations (SD) of CFC-113 and CCl4 remained small (2.0 ppt and 1.9 ppt, respectively) for the 10th-90th percentile range in both sampling periods; whereas the variability of CFC-12, CFC-11, C2HCl3, and C2Cl4 measured in 2012 became noticeably smaller than observed in 1998, suggesting their emissions were reduced over time. By comparing with the background data of a global network (NOAA/ESRL/GMD baseline observatories), the ambient levels and distribution of these major halocarbons in Taipei approximated those at a background site (Mauna Loa) in 2012, suggesting that the fingerprint of the major halocarbons in a used-to-be prominent source area has gradually approached to that of the background atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Feng Ou-Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan; Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chung Chang
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Shen-Po Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Clock Chew
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Ru Lee
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Chang
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Stephen A Montzka
- Global Monitoring Division, Earth Systems Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, United States
| | - Geoffrey S Dutton
- Global Monitoring Division, Earth Systems Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, United States; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States
| | - James H Butler
- Global Monitoring Division, Earth Systems Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, United States
| | - James W Elkins
- Global Monitoring Division, Earth Systems Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, United States
| | - Jia-Lin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan.
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9
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Hossaini R, Chipperfield MP, Saiz‐Lopez A, Harrison JJ, von Glasow R, Sommariva R, Atlas E, Navarro M, Montzka SA, Feng W, Dhomse S, Harth C, Mühle J, Lunder C, O'Doherty S, Young D, Reimann S, Vollmer MK, Krummel PB, Bernath PF. Growth in stratospheric chlorine from short-lived chemicals not controlled by the Montreal Protocol. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 2015; 42:4573-4580. [PMID: 27570318 PMCID: PMC4981078 DOI: 10.1002/2015gl063783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a chemical mechanism describing the tropospheric degradation of chlorine containing very short-lived substances (VSLS). The scheme was included in a global atmospheric model and used to quantify the stratospheric injection of chlorine from anthropogenic VSLS ( ClyVSLS) between 2005 and 2013. By constraining the model with surface measurements of chloroform (CHCl3), dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), tetrachloroethene (C2Cl4), trichloroethene (C2HCl3), and 1,2-dichloroethane (CH2ClCH2Cl), we infer a 2013 ClyVSLS mixing ratio of 123 parts per trillion (ppt). Stratospheric injection of source gases dominates this supply, accounting for ∼83% of the total. The remainder comes from VSLS-derived organic products, phosgene (COCl2, 7%) and formyl chloride (CHClO, 2%), and also hydrogen chloride (HCl, 8%). Stratospheric ClyVSLS increased by ∼52% between 2005 and 2013, with a mean growth rate of 3.7 ppt Cl/yr. This increase is due to recent and ongoing growth in anthropogenic CH2Cl2-the most abundant chlorinated VSLS not controlled by the Montreal Protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Hossaini
- School of Earth and EnvironmentUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | | | - A. Saiz‐Lopez
- Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate GroupInstitute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSICMadridSpain
| | - J. J. Harrison
- National Centre for Earth Observation, Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - R. von Glasow
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | - R. Sommariva
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Environmental SciencesUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
- Now at Department of ChemistryUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - E. Atlas
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric ScienceUniversity of MiamiMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - M. Navarro
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric ScienceUniversity of MiamiMiamiFloridaUSA
| | - S. A. Montzka
- National Ocean and Atmospheric AdministrationBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - W. Feng
- National Centre for Atmospheric ScienceUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - S. Dhomse
- School of Earth and EnvironmentUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - C. Harth
- Scripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - J. Mühle
- Scripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - C. Lunder
- Monitoring and Information Technology DepartmentNorwegian Institute for Air ResearchKjellerNorway
| | - S. O'Doherty
- Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - D. Young
- Atmospheric Chemistry Research Group, School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - S. Reimann
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland
| | - M. K. Vollmer
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDübendorfSwitzerland
| | - P. B. Krummel
- Oceans and Atmosphere FlagshipCSIRO AspendaleVictoriaAustralia
| | - P. F. Bernath
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryOld Dominion UniversityNorfolkVirginiaUSA
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10
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Muller EEL, Hourcade E, Louhichi-Jelail Y, Hammann P, Vuilleumier S, Bringel F. Functional genomics of dichloromethane utilization in Methylobacterium extorquens DM4. Environ Microbiol 2011; 13:2518-35. [PMID: 21854516 DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02524.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dichloromethane (CH(2)Cl(2) , DCM) is a chlorinated solvent mainly produced by industry, and a common pollutant. Some aerobic methylotrophic bacteria are able to grow with this chlorinated methane as their sole carbon and energy source, using a DCM dehalogenase/glutathione S-transferase encoded by dcmA to transform DCM into two molecules of HCl and one molecule of formaldehyde, a toxic intermediate of methylotrophic metabolism. In Methylobacterium extorquens DM4 of known genome sequence, dcmA lies on a 126 kb dcm genomic island not found so far in other DCM-dechlorinating strains. An experimental search for the molecular determinants involved in specific cellular responses of strain DM4 growing with DCM was performed. Random mutagenesis with a minitransposon containing a promoterless reporter gfp gene yielded 25 dcm mutants with a specific DCM-associated phenotype. Differential proteomic analysis of cultures grown with DCM and with methanol defined 38 differentially abundant proteins. The 5.5 kb dcm islet directly involved in DCM dehalogenation is the only one of seven gene clusters specific to the DCM response to be localized within the dcm genomic island. The DCM response was shown to involve mainly the core genome of Methylobacterium extorquens, providing new insights on DCM-dependent adjustments of C1 metabolism and gene regulation, and suggesting a specific stress response of Methylobacterium during growth with DCM. Fatty acid, hopanoid and peptidoglycan metabolisms were affected, hinting at the membrane-active effects of DCM due to its solvent properties. A chloride-induced efflux transporter termed CliABC was also newly identified. Thus, DCM dechlorination driven by the dcm islet elicits a complex adaptive response encoded by the core genome common to dechlorinating as well as non-dechlorinating Methylobacterium strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie E L Muller
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7156 CNRS, Génétique Moléculaire, Génomique, Microbiologie, Strasbourg, France
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11
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Zhang YL, Guo H, Wang XM, Simpson IJ, Barletta B, Blake DR, Meinardi S, Rowland FS, Cheng HR, Saunders SM, Lam SHM. Emission patterns and spatiotemporal variations of halocarbons in the Pearl River Delta region, southern China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd013726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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O'Doherty S, Cunnold DM, Miller BR, Mühle J, McCulloch A, Simmonds PG, Manning AJ, Reimann S, Vollmer MK, Greally BR, Prinn RG, Fraser PJ, Steele LP, Krummel PB, Dunse BL, Porter LW, Lunder CR, Schmidbauer N, Hermansen O, Salameh PK, Harth CM, Wang RHJ, Weiss RF. Global and regional emissions of HFC-125 (CHF2CF3) from in situ and air archive atmospheric observations at AGAGE and SOGE observatories. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Guo H, Ding AJ, Wang T, Simpson IJ, Blake DR, Barletta B, Meinardi S, Rowland FS, Saunders SM, Fu TM, Hung WT, Li YS. Source origins, modeled profiles, and apportionments of halogenated hydrocarbons in the greater Pearl River Delta region, southern China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Folini D, Kaufmann P, Ubl S, Henne S. Region of influence of 13 remote European measurement sites based on modeled carbon monoxide mixing ratios. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Pollmann J, Helmig D, Hueber J, Plass-Dülmer C, Tans P. Sampling, storage, and analysis of C2–C7 non-methane hydrocarbons from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Cooperative Air Sampling Network glass flasks. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1188:75-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 02/07/2008] [Accepted: 02/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Greally BR, Manning AJ, Reimann S, McCulloch A, Huang J, Dunse BL, Simmonds PG, Prinn RG, Fraser PJ, Cunnold DM, O'Doherty S, Porter LW, Stemmler K, Vollmer MK, Lunder CR, Schmidbauer N, Hermansen O, Arduini J, Salameh PK, Krummel PB, Wang RHJ, Folini D, Weiss RF, Maione M, Nickless G, Stordal F, Derwent RG. Observations of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a) at AGAGE and SOGE monitoring stations in 1994–2004 and derived global and regional emission estimates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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