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Patnaik K, Kesarkar AP, Rath S, Bhate JN, Panchal A, Chandrasekar A, Giri R. A 1-D model to retrieve the vertical profiles of minor atmospheric constituents for cloud microphysical modeling: I. Formulation and validation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163360. [PMID: 37028675 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Determining the number concentration of minor constituents in the atmosphere is very important as it determines the whole tropospheric chemistry process. These constituents may act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN), impacting heterogeneous nucleation inside the cloud. However, the estimations of the number concentration of CCN/IN in cloud microphysical parameters are associated with uncertainties. In the present work, a hybrid Monte Carlo Gear solver has been developed to retrieve profiles of CH4, N2O, and SO2. The idealized experiments have been carried out using this solver for retrieving vertical profiles of these constituents over four megacities, viz., Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata. Community Long-term Infrared Microwave Coupled Atmospheric Product System (CLIMCAPS) dataset around 0800 UTC (2000UTC) has been used for initializing the number concentration of CH4, N2O, and SO2 for daytime (nighttime). The daytime (nighttime) retrieved profiles have been validated using 2000 UTC (next day 0800 UTC) CLIMCAPS products. ERA5 temperature dataset has been used to estimate the kinematic rate of reactions with 1000 perturbations determined using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). The retrieved profiles and CLIMCAPS products are in very good agreement, as evidenced by the percentage difference between them within the range of 1.3 × 10-5-60.8 % and the coefficient of determination mainly within the range between 81 and 97 %. However, during the passage of tropical cyclone and western disturbance, its value became as low as 27 and 65 % over Chennai and Kolkata, respectively. The enactment of synoptic scale systems such as western disturbances, tropical cyclone Amphan, and easterly waves caused disturbed weather over these megacities-the retrieved profiles during disturbed weather cause large deviations of vertical profiles of N2O. However, the profiles of CH4 and SO2 have less deviation. It is inferred that incorporating this methodology in the dynamical model will be useful to simulate the realistic vertical profiles of the minor constituents in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Patnaik
- National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517112, India; Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Valiamala, Kerala 695547, India
| | - Amit P Kesarkar
- National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517112, India.
| | - Subhrajit Rath
- National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517112, India; Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Valiamala, Kerala 695547, India
| | - Jyoti N Bhate
- National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517112, India
| | - Abhishek Panchal
- National Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Gadanki, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517112, India
| | | | - Ramakumar Giri
- India Meteorological Department, Mausam Bhavan, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, India
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Park HJ, Sherman T, Freire LS, Wang G, Bolster D, Xian P, Sorooshian A, Reid JS, Richter DH. Predicting Vertical Concentration Profiles in the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer With a Markov Chain Random Walk Model. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2020; 125:e2020JD032731. [PMID: 33204581 PMCID: PMC7668278 DOI: 10.1029/2020jd032731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to better represent aerosol transport in mesoscale and global-scale models, large eddy simulations (LES) from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Turbulence with Particles (NTLP) code are used to develop a Markov chain random walk model that predicts aerosol particle profiles in a cloud-free marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). The evolution of vertical concentration profiles are simulated for a range of aerosol particle sizes and in a neutral and an unstable boundary layer. For the neutral boundary layer we find, based on the LES statistics and a specific model time step, that there exist significant correlation for particle positions, meaning that particles near the bottom of the boundary are more likely to remain near the bottom of the boundary layer than being abruptly transported to the top, and vice versa. For the unstable boundary layer, a similar time interval exhibits a weaker tendency for an aerosol particle to remain close to its current location compared to the neutral case due to the strong nonlocal convective motions. In the limit of a large time interval, particles have been mixed throughout the MABL and virtually no temporal correlation exists. We leverage this information to parameterize a Markov chain random walk model that accurately predicts the evolution of vertical concentration profiles. The new methodology has significant potential to be applied at the subgrid level for coarser-scale weather and climate models, the utility of which is shown by comparison to airborne field data and global aerosol models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungwon John Park
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Thomas Sherman
- FTS International, LLC, Dulles, VA, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Livia S Freire
- Institute of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Guiquan Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Diogo Bolster
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Peng Xian
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA, USA
| | - Armin Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - David H Richter
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
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Yu P, Toon OB, Bardeen CG, Mills MJ, Fan T, English JM, Neely RR. Evaluations of tropospheric aerosol properties simulated by the community earth system model with a sectional aerosol microphysics scheme. JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS 2015; 7:865-914. [PMID: 27668039 PMCID: PMC5020605 DOI: 10.1002/2014ms000421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A sectional aerosol model (CARMA) has been developed and coupled with the Community Earth System Model (CESM1). Aerosol microphysics, radiative properties, and interactions with clouds are simulated in the size-resolving model. The model described here uses 20 particle size bins for each aerosol component including freshly nucleated sulfate particles, as well as mixed particles containing sulfate, primary organics, black carbon, dust, and sea salt. The model also includes five types of bulk secondary organic aerosols with four volatility bins. The overall cost of CESM1-CARMA is approximately ∼2.6 times as much computer time as the standard three-mode aerosol model in CESM1 (CESM1-MAM3) and twice as much computer time as the seven-mode aerosol model in CESM1 (CESM1-MAM7) using similar gas phase chemistry codes. Aerosol spatial-temporal distributions are simulated and compared with a large set of observations from satellites, ground-based measurements, and airborne field campaigns. Simulated annual average aerosol optical depths are lower than MODIS/MISR satellite observations and AERONET observations by ∼32%. This difference is within the uncertainty of the satellite observations. CESM1/CARMA reproduces sulfate aerosol mass within 8%, organic aerosol mass within 20%, and black carbon aerosol mass within 50% compared with a multiyear average of the IMPROVE/EPA data over United States, but differences vary considerably at individual locations. Other data sets show similar levels of comparison with model simulations. The model suggests that in addition to sulfate, organic aerosols also significantly contribute to aerosol mass in the tropical UTLS, which is consistent with limited data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Yu
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Owen B Toon
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - Michael J Mills
- National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Tianyi Fan
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA; Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA; Now at College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University Beijing China
| | - Jason M English
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado USA
| | - Ryan R Neely
- National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder Colorado USA; National Centre for Atmospheric Science and Institute of Climate and Atmospheric Science, School of the Earth and Environment, University of Leeds Leeds UK
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Lauer A, Wang Y, Phillips VTJ, McNaughton CS, Bennartz R, Clarke AD. Simulating marine boundary layer clouds over the eastern Pacific in a regional climate model with double-moment cloud microphysics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2009jd012201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Keene WC, Maring H, Maben JR, Kieber DJ, Pszenny AAP, Dahl EE, Izaguirre MA, Davis AJ, Long MS, Zhou X, Smoydzin L, Sander R. Chemical and physical characteristics of nascent aerosols produced by bursting bubbles at a model air-sea interface. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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