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Shen M, Qi W, Guo X, Dai W, Wang Q, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Cao Y, Chen Y, Li L, Liu H, Cao J, Li J. Influence of vertical transport on chemical evolution of dicarboxylic acids and related secondary organic aerosol from surface emission to the top of Mount Hua, Northwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159892. [PMID: 36336041 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dicarboxylic acids are strong hygroscopic organic compounds in the atmosphere, and thus significantly affect the cloud formation process and radiative forcing on a regional scale. So far, the evolution of dicarboxylic acids during vertical transport from the surface to the mountaintop has yet to be explicitly understood. In this study, the molecular distribution and stable carbon isotopic (δ13C) compositions of dicarboxylic acids and related organic compounds (DCRCs) in PM2.5 were measured simultaneously at the top (c. 2060 m a.s.l.) and foot (c. 400 m a.s.l.) of Mount (Mt.) Hua during the summer of 2020. Due to the strong anthropogenic emissions at ground level, the concentrations of DCRCs at foot of Mt. Hua were generally higher than those at the top. Oxalic acid (C2) was the predominant diacid in both sites, whose concentrations at foot and top of Mt. Hua were 87-852 and 40-398 ng m-3, respectively. Ratios of adipic acid to azelaic acid (C6/C9), phthalic aid to azelaic acid (pH/C9), glyoxal to methylglyoxal (Gly/mGly), and lower δ13C values (-21.0 ± 2.3 ‰ and - 21.9 ± 2.7 ‰) of C2 indicated that the contributions of anthropogenic sources to DCRCs in PM2.5 in the mountain region are more significant than biogenic sources. Aerosols from the foot of Mt. Hua could affect the atmosphere on the top of the mountain via vertical transport under the influence of daytime valley wind, even though the altitude of Mt. Hua is beyond the boundary layer most of time. The value δ13C of C2 is linearly correlated with C2/mGly, C2/pyruvic acid (Pyr), C2/glyoxylic acid (ωC2) at the top of the mountain, and C2/Gly, C2/ωC2 at the foot of the mountain, indicating that the formation pathway of C2 is mGly-Pyr-ωC2-C2 at the top of Mt. Hua and Gly-ωC2-C2 at the foot of Mt. Hua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxia Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weining Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wenting Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yali Liu
- Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yue Cao
- Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yukun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Haijiao Liu
- Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Junji Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Jianjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; National Observation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain, Shaanxi, China.
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Large Eddy Simulation of Microphysics and Influencing Factors in Shallow Convective Clouds. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12040485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A flight of shallow convective clouds during the SCMS95 (Small Cumulus Microphysics Study 1995) observation project is simulated by the large eddy simulation (LES) version of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF-LES) with spectral bin microphysics (SBM). This study focuses on relative dispersion of cloud droplet size distributions, since its influencing factors are still unclear. After validation of the simulation by aircraft observations, the factors affecting relative dispersion are analyzed. It is found that the relationships between relative dispersion and vertical velocity, and between relative dispersion and adiabatic fraction are both negative. Furthermore, the negative relationships are relatively weak near the cloud base, strengthen with the increasing height first and then weaken again, which is related to the interplays among activation, condensation and evaporation for different vertical velocity and entrainment conditions. The results will be helpful to improve parameterizations related to relative dispersion (e.g., autoconversion and effective radius) in large-scale models.
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MacDonald AB, Hossein Mardi A, Dadashazar H, Azadi Aghdam M, Crosbie E, Jonsson HH, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH, Sorooshian A. On the relationship between cloud water composition and cloud droplet number concentration. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2020; 20:7645-7665. [PMID: 33273899 PMCID: PMC7709908 DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-7645-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol-cloud interactions are the largest source of uncertainty in quantifying anthropogenic radiative forcing. The large uncertainty is, in part, due to the difficulty of predicting cloud microphysical parameters, such as the cloud droplet number concentration (N d). Even though rigorous first-principle approaches exist to calculate N d, the cloud and aerosol research community also relies on empirical approaches such as relating N d to aerosol mass concentration. Here we analyze relationships between N d and cloud water chemical composition, in addition to the effect of environmental factors on the degree of the relationships. Warm, marine, stratocumulus clouds off the California coast were sampled throughout four summer campaigns between 2011 and 2016. A total of 385 cloud water samples were collected and analyzed for 80 chemical species. Single- and multispecies log-log linear regressions were performed to predict N d using chemical composition. Single-species regressions reveal that the species that best predicts N d is total sulfate (R adj 2 = 0.40 ). Multispecies regressions reveal that adding more species does not necessarily produce a better model, as six or more species yield regressions that are statistically insignificant. A commonality among the multispecies regressions that produce the highest correlation with N d was that most included sulfate (either total or non-sea-salt), an ocean emissions tracer (such as sodium), and an organic tracer (such as oxalate). Binning the data according to turbulence, smoke influence, and in-cloud height allowed for examination of the effect of these environmental factors on the composition-N d correlation. Accounting for turbulence, quantified as the standard deviation of vertical wind speed, showed that the correlation between N d with both total sulfate and sodium increased at higher turbulence conditions, consistent with turbulence promoting the mixing between ocean surface and cloud base. Considering the influence of smoke significantly improved the correlation with N d for two biomass burning tracer species in the study region, specifically oxalate and iron. When binning by in-cloud height, non-sea-salt sulfate and sodium correlated best with N d at cloud top, whereas iron and oxalate correlated best with N d at cloud base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B. MacDonald
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ali Hossein Mardi
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hossein Dadashazar
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mojtaba Azadi Aghdam
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ewan Crosbie
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
| | | | - Richard C. Flagan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - John H. Seinfeld
- Department of Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Armin Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Sorooshian A, Corral AF, Braun RA, Cairns B, Crosbie E, Ferrare R, Hair J, Kleb MM, Mardi AH, Maring H, McComiskey A, Moore R, Painemal D, Jo Scarino A, Schlosser J, Shingler T, Shook M, Wang H, Zeng X, Ziemba L, Zuidema P. Atmospheric Research Over the Western North Atlantic Ocean Region and North American East Coast: A Review of Past Work and Challenges Ahead. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. ATMOSPHERES : JGR 2020; 125:10.1029/2019jd031626. [PMID: 32699733 PMCID: PMC7375207 DOI: 10.1029/2019jd031626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Decades of atmospheric research have focused on the Western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO) region because of its unique location that offers accessibility for airborne and ship measurements, gradients in important atmospheric parameters, and a range of meteorological regimes leading to diverse conditions that are poorly understood. This work reviews these scientific investigations for the WNAO region, including the East Coast of North America and the island of Bermuda. Over 50 field campaigns and long-term monitoring programs, in addition to 715 peer-reviewed publications between 1946 and 2019 have provided a firm foundation of knowledge for these areas. Of particular importance in this region has been extensive work at the island of Bermuda that is host to important time series records of oceanic and atmospheric variables. Our review categorizes WNAO atmospheric research into eight major categories, with some studies fitting into multiple categories (relative %): Aerosols (25%), Gases (24%), Development/Validation of Techniques, Models, and Retrievals (18%), Meteorology and Transport (9%), Air-Sea Interactions (8%), Clouds/Storms (8%), Atmospheric Deposition (7%), and Aerosol-Cloud Interactions (2%). Recommendations for future research are provided in the categories highlighted above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Sorooshian
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Andrea F. Corral
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Rachel A. Braun
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Brian Cairns
- NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY
| | - Ewan Crosbie
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA
| | | | | | | | - Ali Hossein Mardi
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | | | | | | | - David Painemal
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA
| | - Amy Jo Scarino
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA
- Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA
| | - Joseph Schlosser
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | | | | | - Hailong Wang
- Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA
| | - Xubin Zeng
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | | | - Paquita Zuidema
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL
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5
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Sanchez KJ, Chen CL, Russell LM, Betha R, Liu J, Price DJ, Massoli P, Ziemba LD, Crosbie EC, Moore RH, Müller M, Schiller SA, Wisthaler A, Lee AKY, Quinn PK, Bates TS, Porter J, Bell TG, Saltzman ES, Vaillancourt RD, Behrenfeld MJ. Substantial Seasonal Contribution of Observed Biogenic Sulfate Particles to Cloud Condensation Nuclei. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3235. [PMID: 29459666 PMCID: PMC5818515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21590-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogenic sources contribute to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the clean marine atmosphere, but few measurements exist to constrain climate model simulations of their importance. The chemical composition of individual atmospheric aerosol particles showed two types of sulfate-containing particles in clean marine air masses in addition to mass-based Estimated Salt particles. Both types of sulfate particles lack combustion tracers and correlate, for some conditions, to atmospheric or seawater dimethyl sulfide (DMS) concentrations, which means their source was largely biogenic. The first type is identified as New Sulfate because their large sulfate mass fraction (63% sulfate) and association with entrainment conditions means they could have formed by nucleation in the free troposphere. The second type is Added Sulfate particles (38% sulfate), because they are preexisting particles onto which additional sulfate condensed. New Sulfate particles accounted for 31% (7 cm-3) and 33% (36 cm-3) CCN at 0.1% supersaturation in late-autumn and late-spring, respectively, whereas sea spray provided 55% (13 cm-3) in late-autumn but only 4% (4 cm-3) in late-spring. Our results show a clear seasonal difference in the marine CCN budget, which illustrates how important phytoplankton-produced DMS emissions are for CCN in the North Atlantic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Sanchez
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Chia-Li Chen
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lynn M Russell
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Raghu Betha
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Derek J Price
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | | | - Ewan C Crosbie
- NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
- Science Systems and Applications Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
| | | | - Markus Müller
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sven A Schiller
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Armin Wisthaler
- Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- The Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alex K Y Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Timothy S Bates
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, NOAA, Seattle, WA, USA
- Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jack Porter
- The Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Thomas G Bell
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth, United Kingdom
- The Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Eric S Saltzman
- The Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Mike J Behrenfeld
- The Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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6
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Climatology Analysis of Aerosol Effect on Marine Water Cloud from Long-Term Satellite Climate Data Records. REMOTE SENSING 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/rs8040300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Quinn PK, Collins DB, Grassian VH, Prather KA, Bates TS. Chemistry and Related Properties of Freshly Emitted Sea Spray Aerosol. Chem Rev 2015; 115:4383-99. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500713g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia K. Quinn
- Pacific
Marine Environmental Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Douglas B. Collins
- Center
for Aerosol Impacts on Climate and the Environment, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92024, United States
| | - Vicki H. Grassian
- Center
for Aerosol Impacts on Climate and the Environment, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92024, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Kimberly A. Prather
- Center
for Aerosol Impacts on Climate and the Environment, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92024, United States
| | - Timothy S. Bates
- Joint
Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
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Koike M, Takegawa N, Moteki N, Kondo Y, Nakamura H, Kita K, Matsui H, Oshima N, Kajino M, Nakajima TY. Measurements of regional-scale aerosol impacts on cloud microphysics over the East China Sea: Possible influences of warm sea surface temperature over the Kuroshio ocean current. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd017324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Earle ME, Liu PSK, Strapp JW, Zelenyuk A, Imre D, McFarquhar GM, Shantz NC, Leaitch WR. Factors influencing the microphysics and radiative properties of liquid-dominated Arctic clouds: Insight from observations of aerosol and clouds during ISDAC. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd015887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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10
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Morales R, Nenes A, Jonsson H, Flagan RC, Seinfeld JH. Evaluation of an entraining droplet activation parameterization using in situ cloud data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd015324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Zubler EM, Folini D, Lohmann U, Lüthi D, Muhlbauer A, Pousse-Nottelmann S, Schär C, Wild M. Implementation and evaluation of aerosol and cloud microphysics in a regional climate model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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McComiskey A, Feingold G, Frisch AS, Turner DD, Miller MA, Chiu JC, Min Q, Ogren JA. An assessment of aerosol‐cloud interactions in marine stratus clouds based on surface remote sensing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd011006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Simultaneous observations of aerosol-cloud-albedo interactions with three stacked unmanned aerial vehicles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:7370-5. [PMID: 18499803 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0710308105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerosol impacts on climate change are still poorly understood, in part, because the few observations and methods for detecting their effects are not well established. For the first time, the enhancement in cloud albedo is directly measured on a cloud-by-cloud basis and linked to increasing aerosol concentrations by using multiple autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles to simultaneously observe the cloud microphysics, vertical aerosol distribution, and associated solar radiative fluxes. In the presence of long-range transport of dust and anthropogenic pollution, the trade cumuli have higher droplet concentrations and are on average brighter. Our observations suggest a higher sensitivity of radiative forcing by trade cumuli to increases in cloud droplet concentrations than previously reported owing to a constrained droplet radius such that increases in droplet concentrations also increase cloud liquid water content. This aerosol-cloud forcing efficiency is as much as -60 W m(-2) per 100% percent cloud fraction for a doubling of droplet concentrations and associated increase of liquid water content. Finally, we develop a strategy for detecting aerosol-cloud interactions based on a nondimensional scaling analysis that relates the contribution of single clouds to albedo measurements and illustrates the significance of characterizing cloud morphology in resolving radiometric measurements. This study demonstrates that aerosol-cloud-albedo interactions can be directly observed by simultaneous observations below, in, and above the clouds.
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14
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Kim BG, Miller MA, Schwartz SE, Liu Y, Min Q. The role of adiabaticity in the aerosol first indirect effect. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Gon Kim
- Department of Atmospheric Environmental Sciences; Kangnung National University; Gangnung South Korea
| | - Mark A. Miller
- Environmental Sciences Department; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Upton New York USA
| | - Stephen E. Schwartz
- Environmental Sciences Department; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Upton New York USA
| | - Yangang Liu
- Environmental Sciences Department; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Upton New York USA
| | - Qilong Min
- Atmospheric Science Research Center; State University of New York at Albany; Albany New York USA
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15
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Yuan T, Li Z, Zhang R, Fan J. Increase of cloud droplet size with aerosol optical depth: An observation and modeling study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Verheggen B, Cozic J, Weingartner E, Bower K, Mertes S, Connolly P, Gallagher M, Flynn M, Choularton T, Baltensperger U. Aerosol partitioning between the interstitial and the condensed phase in mixed-phase clouds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Peng Y, Lohmann U, Leaitch R, Kulmala M. An investigation into the aerosol dispersion effect through the activation process in marine stratus clouds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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18
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Straub DJ, Lee T, Collett JL. Chemical composition of marine stratocumulus clouds over the eastern Pacific Ocean. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Feingold G, Furrer R, Pilewskie P, Remer LA, Min Q, Jonsson H. Aerosol indirect effect studies at Southern Great Plains during the May 2003 Intensive Operations Period. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Jiang H, Feingold G. Effect of aerosol on warm convective clouds: Aerosol-cloud-surface flux feedbacks in a new coupled large eddy model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Peng Y, Lohmann U, Leaitch R. Importance of vertical velocity variations in the cloud droplet nucleation process of marine stratus clouds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Meskhidze N. Evaluation of a new cloud droplet activation parameterization with in situ data from CRYSTAL-FACE and CSTRIPE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Menon S, Brenguier JL, Boucher O, Davison P, Del Genio AD, Feichter J, Ghan S, Guibert S, Liu X, Lohmann U, Pawlowska H, Penner JE, Quaas J, Roberts DL, Schüller L, Snider J. Evaluating aerosol/cloud/radiation process parameterizations with single-column models and Second Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE-2) cloudy column observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Surabi Menon
- NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies; New York USA
- Center for Climate Systems Research; Columbia University; New York USA
| | | | - Olivier Boucher
- Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique; Universitédes Sciences et Technologies de Lille; Villeneuve d'Ascq France
| | | | | | | | - Steven Ghan
- Climate Physics Group; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland Washington USA
| | | | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Ulrike Lohmann
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science; Dalhousie University; Halifax Canada
| | | | - Joyce E. Penner
- Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Space Sciences; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor Michigan USA
| | - Johannes Quaas
- Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/CNRS; Paris France
| | | | - Lothar Schüller
- Institut für Weltraumwissenschaften; Freie Universität; Berlin Germany
| | - Jefferson Snider
- Department of Atmospheric Science; University of Wyoming; Laramie Wyoming USA
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Banic CM, Beauchamp ST, Tordon RJ, Schroeder WH, Steffen A, Anlauf KA, Wong HKT. Vertical distribution of gaseous elemental mercury in Canada. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. M. Banic
- Air Quality Processes Research Division; Meteorological Service of Canada; Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - S. T. Beauchamp
- Atlantic Region; Meteorological Service of Canada; Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Canada
| | - R. J. Tordon
- Atlantic Region; Meteorological Service of Canada; Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Canada
| | - W. H. Schroeder
- Air Quality Processes Research Division; Meteorological Service of Canada; Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - A. Steffen
- Air Quality Processes Research Division; Meteorological Service of Canada; Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - K. A. Anlauf
- Air Quality Processes Research Division; Meteorological Service of Canada; Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - H. K. T. Wong
- National Water Research Institute; Burlington, Ontario Canada
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25
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Kim BG. Effective radius of cloud droplets by ground-based remote sensing: Relationship to aerosol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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26
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Verheggen B, Mozurkewich M. Determination of nucleation and growth rates from observation of a SO2induced atmospheric nucleation event. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bart Verheggen
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry; York University; Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Michael Mozurkewich
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry; York University; Toronto, Ontario Canada
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27
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Feingold G, Remer LA, Ramaprasad J, Kaufman YJ. Analysis of smoke impact on clouds in Brazilian biomass burning regions: An extension of Twomey's approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Kerminen VM. Relative roles of secondary sulfate and organics in atmospheric cloud condensation nuclei production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ghan S, Easter R, Hudson J, Bréon FM. Evaluation of aerosol indirect radiative forcing in MIRAGE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Smirnov A, Holben BN, Dubovik O, O'Neill NT, Remer LA, Eck TF, Slutsker I, Savoie D. Measurement of atmospheric optical parameters on U.S. Atlantic coast sites, ships, and Bermuda during TARFOX. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd901067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kiehl JT, Schneider TL, Rasch PJ, Barth MC, Wong J. Radiative forcing due to sulfate aerosols from simulations with the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model, Version 3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Feingold G, Frisch AS, Stevens B, Cotton WR. On the relationship among cloud turbulence, droplet formation and drizzle as viewed by Doppler radar, microwave radiometer and lidar. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kleinman LI, Daum PH, Lee JH, Lee YN, Weinstein-Lloyd J, Springston SR, Buhr M, Jobson BT. Photochemistry of O3and related compounds over southern Nova Scotia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Ghan SJ, Leung LR, Easter RC, Abdul-Razzak H. Prediction of cloud droplet number in a general circulation model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kerminen VM, Wexler AS. Growth behavior of the marine submicron boundary layer aerosol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Banic CM, Leaitch WR, Isaac GA, Couture MD, Kleinman LI, Springston SR, MacPherson JI. Transport of ozone and sulfur to the North Atlantic atmosphere during the North Atlantic Regional Experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd03430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Chýlek P, Banic CM, Johnson B, Damiano PA, Isaac GA, Leaitch WR, Liu PSK, Boudala FS, Winter B, Ngo D. Black carbon: Atmospheric concentrations and cloud water content measurements over southern Nova Scotia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd03433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Li SM, Banic CM, Leaitch WR, Liu PSK, Isaac GA, Zhou XL, Lee YN. Water-soluble fractions of aerosol and their relations to number size distributions based on aircraft measurements from the North Atlantic Regional Experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Fehsenfeld FC, Daum P, Leaitch WR, Trainer M, Parrish DD, Hübler G. Transport and processing of O3and O3precursors over the North Atlantic: An overview of the 1993 North Atlantic Regional Experiment (NARE) summer intensive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd01113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kleinman LI, Daum PH, Lee YN, Springston SR, Newman L, Leaitch WR, Banic CM, Isaac GA, MacPherson JI. Measurement of O3and related compounds over southern Nova Scotia: 1. Vertical distributions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd03788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Liu PSK, Leaitch WR, Banic CM, Li SM, Ngo D, Megaw WJ. Aerosol observations at Chebogue Point during the 1993 North Atlantic Regional Experiment: Relationships among cloud condensation nuclei, size distribution, and chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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