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Tuovinen S, Kontkanen J, Cai R, Kulmala M. Condensation sink of atmospheric vapors: the effect of vapor properties and the resulting uncertainties. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: ATMOSPHERES 2021; 1:543-557. [PMID: 34913038 PMCID: PMC8614186 DOI: 10.1039/d1ea00032b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aerosol particles affect the climate and human health. Thus, understanding and accurately quantifying the processes associated with secondary formation of aerosol particles is highly important. The loss rate of vapor to aerosol particles affects the mass balance of that vapor in the atmosphere. The condensation sink (CS) describes the condensation rate of vapor to particles while the effective condensation sink (CSeff) describes the loss rate including both condensation and evaporation of vapor. When the CS is determined, the mass accommodation coefficient (α) is usually assumed to be unity and the condensing vapor is often assumed to be sulfuric acid. In addition, evaporation is assumed to be negligible (CSeff = CS) and the total loss rate of vapor is described by the CS. To study the possible uncertainties resulting from these assumptions, we investigate how vapor properties such as vapor mass and α affect the CS. In addition, the influence of evaporation on the CSeff is evaluated. The CS and CSeff are determined using particle number size distribution data from Beijing, China. Vapors are observed to have differing CSs depending on molecular mass and diffusivity volume and larger molecules are lost at a slower rate. If the condensing vapor is composed, for example, of oxidized organic molecules, which often have larger masses than sulfuric acid molecules, the CS is smaller than for pure sulfuric acid vapor. We find that if α is smaller than unity, the CS can be significantly overestimated if unity is assumed. Evaporation can significantly influence the CSeff for volatile and semi-volatile vapors. Neglecting the evaporation may result in an overestimation of vapor loss rate and hence an underestimation of the fraction of vapor molecules that is left to form clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santeri Tuovinen
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 Finland
| | - Jenni Kontkanen
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 Finland
| | - Runlong Cai
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 Finland
| | - Markku Kulmala
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki Helsinki 00014 Finland .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing China.,Aerosol and Haze Laboratory, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Sciences and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT) Beijing China.,Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia
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2
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Trahan AJ, Petculescu A. Absorption of infrasound in the lower and middle clouds of Venus. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 148:141. [PMID: 32752784 DOI: 10.1121/10.0001520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents predictions for the infrasonic attenuation coefficient in the clouds of Venus at altitudes of 50-60 km, where instrumented balloons will likely be deployed. The acoustic wavenumber is obtained by modifying the model of Baudoin, Coulouvrat, and Thomas [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 130(3), 1142-1153 (2011)] to account for typical Venus cloud composition. A two-phase system, consisting of polydisperse aqueous-H2SO4 liquid droplets with a trimodal size distribution and their vapors is considered. Assuming sulfuric acid as the main condensable species, the low-frequency cloud attenuation coefficient is dominated by the evaporation/condensation of H2SO4. It ranges from 2×10-5 dB/km at 10 mHz to 0.1 dB/km at 10 Hz, exceeding that of the dry atmosphere by up to 2 orders of magnitude. Varying the cloud density by ±50% changes the attenuation by -35%/+100% at 1 mHz and ±50% at 10 Hz. The same variation in the acid vapor diffusion coefficient causes attenuation changes from -20%/+70% at 1 mHz to +25%/-40% at 10 Hz. As the evaporation coefficient of H2SO4 (presently poorly constrained) is varied from 0.01 to 1, the attenuation drops from 10-4 dB/km to 4×10-6 dB/km at 10 mHz and increases from 10-3 dB/km to 2×10-2 dB/km at 10 Hz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Trahan
- United States Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, Mississippi 39529, USA
| | - Andi Petculescu
- Department of Physics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana 70503, USA
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Biswas S, Kwon H, Barsanti KC, Myllys N, Smith JN, Wong BM. Ab initio metadynamics calculations of dimethylamine for probing pKb variations in bulk vs. surface environments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:26265-26277. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03832f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Free energy landscape obtained from ab initio metadynamics calculations for dimethylamine protonation at the air–water interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohag Biswas
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- University of California-Riverside
- Riverside
- USA
| | - Hyuna Kwon
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- University of California-Riverside
- Riverside
- USA
| | - Kelley C. Barsanti
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- University of California-Riverside
- Riverside
- USA
| | - Nanna Myllys
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California-Irvine
- Irvine
- USA
| | - James N. Smith
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California-Irvine
- Irvine
- USA
| | - Bryan M. Wong
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering
- University of California-Riverside
- Riverside
- USA
- Materials Science & Engineering Program
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Carlsson PTM, Zeuch T. Investigation of nucleation kinetics in H 2SO 4 vapor through modeling of gas phase kinetics coupled with particle dynamics. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:104303. [PMID: 29544311 DOI: 10.1063/1.5017037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a new model utilizing our existing kinetic gas phase models to simulate experimental particle size distributions emerging in dry supersaturated H2SO4 vapor homogeneously produced by rapid oxidation of SO2 through stabilized Criegee-Intermediates from 2-butene ozonolysis. We use a sectional method for simulating the particle dynamics. The particle treatment in the model is based on first principles and takes into account the transition from the kinetic to the diffusion-limited regime. It captures the temporal evolution of size distributions at the end of the ozonolysis experiment well, noting a slight underrepresentation of coagulation effects for larger particle sizes. The model correctly predicts the shape and the modes of the experimentally observed particle size distributions. The predicted modes show an extremely high sensitivity to the H2SO4 evaporation rates of the initially formed H2SO4 clusters (dimer to pentamer), which were arbitrarily restricted to decrease exponentially with increasing cluster size. In future, the analysis presented in this work can be extended to allow a direct validation of quantum chemically predicted stabilities of small H2SO4 clusters, which are believed to initiate a significant fraction of atmospheric new particle formation events. We discuss the prospects and possible limitations of the here presented approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Zeuch
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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Kim YH, Kim HS, Song CH. Development of a Reactive Plume Model for the Consideration of Power-Plant Plume Photochemistry and Its Applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:1477-1487. [PMID: 28068079 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A reactive plume model (RPM) was developed to comprehensively consider power-plant plume photochemistry with 255 condensed photochemical reactions. The RPM can simulate two main components of power-plant plumes: turbulent dispersion of plumes and compositional changes of plumes via photochemical reactions. In order to evaluate the performance of the RPM developed in the present study, two sets of observational data obtained from the TexAQS II 2006 (Texas Air Quality Study II 2006) campaign were compared with RPM-simulated data. Comparison shows that the RPM produces relatively accurate concentrations for major primary and secondary in-plume species such as NO2, SO2, ozone, and H2SO4. Statistical analyses show good correlation, with correlation coefficients (R) ranging from 0.61 to 0.92, and good agreement with the Index of Agreement (IOA) ranging from 0.76 to 0.95. Following evaluation of the performance of the RPM, a demonstration was also carried out to show the applicability of the RPM. The RPM can calculate NOx photochemical lifetimes inside the two plumes (Monticello and Welsh power plants). Further applicability and possible uses of the RPM are also discussed together with some limitations of the current version of the RPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong H Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Hyun S Kim
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Chul H Song
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , Gwangju 61005, Korea
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6
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Bzdek BR, Horan AJ, Pennington MR, DePalma JW, Zhao J, Jen CN, Hanson DR, Smith JN, McMurry PH, Johnston MV. Quantitative and time-resolved nanoparticle composition measurements during new particle formation. Faraday Discuss 2013; 165:25-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fd00039g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chang RYW, Sjostedt SJ, Pierce JR, Papakyriakou TN, Scarratt MG, Michaud S, Levasseur M, Leaitch WR, Abbatt JPD. Relating atmospheric and oceanic DMS levels to particle nucleation events in the Canadian Arctic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd015926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Davidovits P, Kolb CE, Williams LR, Jayne JT, Worsnop DR. Update 1 of: Mass Accommodation and Chemical Reactions at Gas−Liquid Interfaces. Chem Rev 2011; 111:PR76-109. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100360b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Davidovits
- Chemistry Department, 2609 Beacon Street, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Charles E. Kolb
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
- This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in Chem. Rev.2006, 106 (4), 1323−1354, DOI: 10.1021.cr040366k; Published (Web) March 16, 2006. Updates to the text appear in red type
| | - Leah R. Williams
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
- This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in Chem. Rev.2006, 106 (4), 1323−1354, DOI: 10.1021.cr040366k; Published (Web) March 16, 2006. Updates to the text appear in red type
| | - John T. Jayne
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
- This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in Chem. Rev.2006, 106 (4), 1323−1354, DOI: 10.1021.cr040366k; Published (Web) March 16, 2006. Updates to the text appear in red type
| | - Douglas R. Worsnop
- Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
- This is a Chemical Reviews Perennial Review. The root paper of this title was published in Chem. Rev.2006, 106 (4), 1323−1354, DOI: 10.1021.cr040366k; Published (Web) March 16, 2006. Updates to the text appear in red type
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Zheng J, Khalizov A, Wang L, Zhang R. Atmospheric Pressure-Ion Drift Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Detection of Trace Gas Species. Anal Chem 2010; 82:7302-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101253n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zheng
- Departments of Chemistry and Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3150
| | - Alexei Khalizov
- Departments of Chemistry and Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3150
| | - Lin Wang
- Departments of Chemistry and Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3150
| | - Renyi Zhang
- Departments of Chemistry and Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3150
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Saunders RW, Kumar R, Gómez Martín JC, Mahajan AS, Murray BJ, Plane JMC. Studies of the Formation and Growth of Aerosol from Molecular Iodine Precursor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.2010.6143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The formation and growth of iodine oxide particles (IOPs), originating from molecular iodine precursor, has been studied at room temperature as a function of water vapour, and sulphuric and oxalic acid vapours. A linear variation in total IOP mass was observed over a wide range of iodine atom production rates under both dry and humid formation conditions. Particle formation was also observed in the absence of ozone, and was found to be temperature sensitive, with elevated temperatures resulting in reduced particle number and mass. Electronic structure calculations are used to show that particle formation is initiated by polymerization of I2O4 with I2O3, or with itself. Formation of IOPs in humid conditions results in lower numbers and smaller particles than formed in the absence of water vapour, because H2O forms relatively stable complexes with molecules such as I2O3 and I2O4, inhibiting their polymerization. Addition of H2O to particles formed under dry conditions shows the collapse of fractal-like, aggregate particle structures. The uptake of sulphuric acid vapour onto humidified particles was studied over a wide range of relative humidity (RH) at room temperature, with the calculated accommodation coefficient (α) for this process increasing with RH to a value of 0.75±0.05 at RH = 90%. In contrast, growth of particles exposed to oxalic acid vapour was not observed on the experimental timescales employed, indicating an upper limit for α of 10−3.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. W. Saunders
- University of Leeds, School of Chemistry, Leeds LS2 9JT, Großbritannien
| | - R. Kumar
- University of Leeds, School of Chemistry, Leeds LS2 9JT, Großbritannien
| | - J. C. Gómez Martín
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y el Clima (CIAC) - CSIC, Polígono de Sta. María de Benquerencia Toledo, Toledo, Slowenien
| | - A. S. Mahajan
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y el Clima (CIAC) - CSIC, Polígono de Sta. María de Benquerencia, Toledo, Spanien
| | - B. J. Murray
- University of Leeds, School of Chemistry, Leeds LS2 9JT, Großbritannien
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11
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Khalizov AF, Zhang R, Zhang D, Xue H, Pagels J, McMurry PH. Formation of highly hygroscopic soot aerosols upon internal mixing with sulfuric acid vapor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Cosman LM, Bertram AK. Reactive Uptake of N2O5 on Aqueous H2SO4 Solutions Coated with 1-Component and 2-Component Monolayers. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:4625-35. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8005469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. M. Cosman
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - A. K. Bertram
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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13
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Cosman LM, Knopf DA, Bertram AK. N2O5Reactive Uptake on Aqueous Sulfuric Acid Solutions Coated with Branched and Straight-Chain Insoluble Organic Surfactants. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:2386-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jp710685r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. M. Cosman
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - D. A. Knopf
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - A. K. Bertram
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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14
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Karl M, Gross A, Leck C, Pirjola L. Intercomparison of dimethylsulfide oxidation mechanisms for the marine boundary layer: Gaseous and particulate sulfur constituents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Davidovits P, Kolb CE, Williams LR, Jayne JT, Worsnop DR. Mass accommodation and chemical reactions at gas-liquid interfaces. Chem Rev 2007; 106:1323-54. [PMID: 16608183 DOI: 10.1021/cr040366k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Davidovits
- Chemistry Department, 2609 Beacon Street, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA.
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16
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Winkler PM, Vrtala A, Rudolf R, Wagner PE, Riipinen I, Vesala T, Lehtinen KEJ, Viisanen Y, Kulmala M. Condensation of water vapor: Experimental determination of mass and thermal accommodation coefficients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Gilman JB, Vaida V. Permeability of Acetic Acid through Organic Films at the Air−Aqueous Interface. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:7581-7. [PMID: 16774200 DOI: 10.1021/jp061220n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent field studies of collected aerosol particles, both marine and continental, show that the outermost layers contain long-chain (C >or= 18) organics. The presence of these long-chain organics could impede the transport of gases and other volatile species across the interface. This could effect the particle's composition, lifetime, and heterogeneous chemistry. In this study, the uptake rate of acetic acid vapor across a clean interface and through films of long-chain organics into an aqueous subphase solution containing an acid-base indicator (bromocresol green) was measured under ambient conditions using visible absorption spectroscopy. Acetic acid is a volatile organic compound (VOC) and is an atmospherically relevant organic acid. The uptake of acetic acid through single-component organic films of 1-octadecanol (C(18)H(38)O), 1-triacontanol (C(30)H(62)O), cis-9-octadecen-1-ol (C(18)H(36)O), and nonacosane (C(29)H(60)) in addition to two mixed films containing equimolar 1-triacontanol/nonacosane and equimolar 1-triacontanol/cis-9-octadecen-1-ol was determined. These species represent long-chain organic compounds that reside at the air-aqueous interface of atmospheric aerosols. The cis-9-octadecen-1-ol film had little effect on the net uptake rate of acetic acid vapor into solution; however, the uptake rate was reduced by almost one-half by an interfacial film of 1-triacontanol. The measured uptake rates were used to calculate the permeability of acetic acid through the various films which ranged from 1.5 x 10(-3) cm s(-1) for 1-triacontanol, the least permeable film, to 2.5 x 10(-2) cm s(-1) for cis-9-octadecen-1-ol, the most permeable film. Both mixed films had permeabilities that were between that of the single-component films comprising the mixture. This shows that the permeability of a mixed film may not be solely determined by the most permeable species in the mixture. The permeabilities of all the films studied here are discussed in relation to their molecular properties, pressure-area isotherms, and atmospheric implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica B Gilman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and CIRES, University of Colorado, Campus Box 215, Boulder, 80309-0215, USA
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18
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Donaldson DJ, Vaida V. The Influence of Organic Films at the Air−Aqueous Boundary on Atmospheric Processes. Chem Rev 2006; 106:1445-61. [PMID: 16608186 DOI: 10.1021/cr040367c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D J Donaldson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
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19
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Hara K, Iwasaka Y, Wada M, Ihara T, Shiba H, Osada K, Yamanouchi T. Aerosol constituents and their spatial distribution in the free troposphere of coastal Antarctic regions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Hanson DR. Mass Accommodation of H2SO4 and CH3SO3H on Water−Sulfuric Acid Solutions from 6% to 97% RH. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:6919-27. [PMID: 16834049 DOI: 10.1021/jp0510443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The uptake of H2SO4 and CH3SO3H onto particles composed of water and sulfuric acid was studied in a laminar flow reactor at atmospheric pressure. Their first-order gas-phase loss rate coefficients were determined using a chemical ionization mass spectrometer. Relative humidity was varied from 6% to 97% at 295-297.5 K. The mass accommodation coefficient, alpha, was found to be close to unity for both species. These findings show that alpha does not limit particle growth rates resulting from H2SO4 and CH3SO3H uptake. Diffusion coefficients in N2 for these two species are also reported and a significant dependence upon relative humidity was seen for H2SO4 but not for CH3SO3H. Last, production of small particles was observed due to the presence of SO2 in particle chargers. Formation of these particles can be significantly reduced by adding an OH scavenger such as propane.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Hanson
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
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21
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Zhu L, Nicovich JM, Wine PH. Kinetics Studies of Aqueous Phase Reactions of Cl Atoms and Cl2- Radicals with Organic Sulfur Compounds of Atmospheric Interest. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:3903-11. [PMID: 16833708 DOI: 10.1021/jp044306u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A laser flash photolysis-long path UV-visible absorption technique has been employed to investigate the kinetics of aqueous phase reactions of chlorine atoms (Cl) and dichloride radicals (Cl2(-)) with four organic sulfur compounds of atmospheric interest, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; CH3S(O)CH3), dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2; CH3(O)S(O)CH3), methanesulfinate (MSI; CH3S(O)O-), and methanesulfonate (MS; CH3(O)S(O)O-). Measured rate coefficients at T = 295 +/- 1 K (in units of M(-1) s(-1)) are as follows: Cl + DMSO, (6.3 +/- 0.6) x 10(9); Cl2(-) + DMSO, (1.6 +/- 0.8) x 10(7); Cl + DMSO2, (8.2 +/- 1.6) x 10(5); Cl2(-) + DMSO2, (8.2 +/- 5.5) x 10(3); Cl2(-) + MSI, (8.0 +/- 1.0) x 10(8); Cl + MS, (4.9 +/- 0.6) x 10(5); Cl2(-) + MS, (3.9 +/- 0.7) x 10(3). Reported uncertainties are estimates of accuracy at the 95% confidence level and the rate coefficients for MSI and MS reactions with Cl2(-) are corrected to the zero ionic strength limit. The absorption spectrum of the DMSO-Cl adduct is reported; peak absorbance is observed at 390 nm and the peak extinction coefficient is found to be 5760 M(-1) cm(-1) with a 2sigma uncertainty of +/-30%. Some implications of the new kinetics results for understanding the atmospheric sulfur cycle are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
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22
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Stolzenburg MR, McMurry PH, Sakurai H, Smith JN, Mauldin RL, Eisele FL, Clement CF. Growth rates of freshly nucleated atmospheric particles in Atlanta. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd005935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Gaydos TM. Modeling of in situ ultrafine atmospheric particle formation in the eastern United States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd004683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Vignati E, Wilson J, Stier P. M7: An efficient size-resolved aerosol microphysics module for large-scale aerosol transport models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd004485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Vignati
- Institute for Environment and Sustainability; Joint Research Centre, European Commission; Ispra Italy
| | - Julian Wilson
- Institute for Environment and Sustainability; Joint Research Centre, European Commission; Ispra Italy
| | - Philip Stier
- Max Planck Institute for Meteorology; Hamburg Germany
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Mmereki BT, Donaldson DJ. Direct Observation of the Kinetics of an Atmospherically Important Reaction at the Air−Aqueous Interface. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp036119m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baagi T. Mmereki
- UTSC and Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6
| | - D. J. Donaldson
- UTSC and Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3H6
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Weber RJ, Lee S, Chen G, Wang B, Kapustin V, Moore K, Clarke AD, Mauldin L, Kosciuch E, Cantrell C, Eisele F, Thornton DC, Bandy AR, Sachse GW, Fuelberg HE. New particle formation in anthropogenic plumes advecting from Asia observed during TRACE-P. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. J. Weber
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - S. Lee
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - G. Chen
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - B. Wang
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - V. Kapustin
- Department of Oceanography; University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - K. Moore
- Department of Oceanography; University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - A. D. Clarke
- Department of Oceanography; University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - L. Mauldin
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - E. Kosciuch
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. Cantrell
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. Eisele
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. C. Thornton
- Department of Chemistry; Drexel University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - A. R. Bandy
- Department of Chemistry; Drexel University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - G. W. Sachse
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - H. E. Fuelberg
- Department of Meteorology; Florida State University; Tallahassee Florida USA
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27
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Laskin A, Gaspar DJ, Wang W, Hunt SW, Cowin JP, Colson SD, Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Reactions at interfaces as a source of sulfate formation in sea-salt particles. Science 2003; 301:340-4. [PMID: 12843398 DOI: 10.1126/science.1085374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the formation of sulfate particles in the troposphere is critical because of their health effects and their direct and indirect effects on radiative forcing, and hence on climate. Laboratory studies of the chemical and physical changes in sodium chloride, the major component of sea-salt particles, show that sodium hydroxide is generated upon reaction of deliquesced sodium chloride particles with gas-phase hydroxide. The increase in alkalinity will lead to an increase in the uptake and oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfate in sea-salt particles. This chemistry is missing from current models but is consistent with a number of previously unexplained field study observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Laskin
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Post Office Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, WA 99352, USA.
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28
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Zhu L, Nicovich J, Wine P. Temperature-dependent kinetics studies of aqueous phase reactions of SO4− radicals with dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylsulfone, and methanesulfonate. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(03)00064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Mochida M, Kitamori Y, Kawamura K, Nojiri Y, Suzuki K. Fatty acids in the marine atmosphere: Factors governing their concentrations and evaluation of organic films on sea-salt particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Mochida
- Institute of Low Temperature Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kitamori
- Institute of Low Temperature Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
| | - Kimitaka Kawamura
- Institute of Low Temperature Science; Hokkaido University; Sapporo Japan
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30
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Verheggen B, Mozurkewich M. Determination of nucleation and growth rates from observation of a SO2induced atmospheric nucleation event. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bart Verheggen
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry; York University; Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Michael Mozurkewich
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry; York University; Toronto, Ontario Canada
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31
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Berresheim H. Gas-aerosol relationships of H2SO4, MSA, and OH: Observations in the coastal marine boundary layer at Mace Head, Ireland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Kerminen VM, Leck C. Sulfur chemistry over the central Arctic Ocean during the summer: Gas-to-particle transformation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Kerminen VM. Relative roles of secondary sulfate and organics in atmospheric cloud condensation nuclei production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd900204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Liu X, Hegg DA, Stoelinga MT. Numerical simulation of new particle formation over the northwest Atlantic using the MM5 mesoscale model coupled with sulfur chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Zangmeister CD, Pemberton JE. Raman Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy of the Reaction of Sulfuric Acid with Sodium Chloride. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja001469x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Zangmeister
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Blvd., Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - Jeanne E. Pemberton
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, 1306 East University Blvd., Tucson, Arizona 85721
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36
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Coe H, Williams PI, McFiggans G, Gallagher MW, Beswick KM, Bower KN, Choularton TW. Behavior of ultrafine particles in continental and marine air masses at a rural site in the United Kingdom. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Davis D, Chen G, Bandy A, Thornton D, Eisele F, Mauldin L, Tanner D, Lenschow D, Fuelberg H, Huebert B, Heath J, Clarke A, Blake D. Dimethyl sulfide oxidation in the equatorial Pacific: Comparison of model simulations with field observations for DMS, SO2, H2SO4(g), MSA(g), MS and NSS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Capaldo KP, Kasibhatla P, Pandis SN. Is aerosol production within the remote marine boundary layer sufficient to maintain observed concentrations? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1998jd100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Fitzgerald JW, Marti JJ, Hoppel WA, Frick GM, Gelbard F. A one-dimensional sectional model to simulate multicomponent aerosol dynamics in the marine boundary layer: 2. Model application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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41
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Weber RJ, McMurry PH, Mauldin L, Tanner DJ, Eisele FL, Brechtel FJ, Kreidenweis SM, Kok GL, Schillawski RD, Baumgardner D. A study of new particle formation and growth involving biogenic and trace gas species measured during ACE 1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd02465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Jefferson A, Tanner DJ, Eisele FL, Davis DD, Chen G, Crawford J, Huey JW, Torres AL, Berresheim H. OH photochemistry and methane sulfonic acid formation in the coastal Antarctic boundary layer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd02376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Davis D, Chen G, Kasibhatla P, Jefferson A, Tanner D, Eisele F, Lenschow D, Neff W, Berresheim H. DMS oxidation in the Antarctic marine boundary layer: Comparison of model simulations and held observations of DMS, DMSO, DMSO2, H2SO4(g), MSA(g), and MSA(p). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd03452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Jefferson A, Tanner DJ, Eisele FL, Berresheim H. Sources and sinks of H2SO4in the remote Antarctic marine boundary layer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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