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Izquieta-Rojano S, García-Gomez H, Aguillaume L, Santamaría JM, Tang YS, Santamaría C, Valiño F, Lasheras E, Alonso R, Àvila A, Cape JN, Elustondo D. Throughfall and bulk deposition of dissolved organic nitrogen to holm oak forests in the Iberian Peninsula: Flux estimation and identification of potential sources. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 210:104-12. [PMID: 26708764 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Deposition of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in both bulk precipitation (BD) and canopy throughfall (TF) has been measured for the first time in the western Mediterranean. The study was carried out over a year from 2012 to 2013 at four evergreen holm oak forests located in the Iberian Peninsula: two sites in the Province of Barcelona (Northeastern Spain), one in the Province of Madrid (central Spain) and the fourth in the Province of Navarra (Northern Spain). In BD the annual volume weighted mean (VWM) concentration of DON ranged from 0.25 mg l(-1) in Madrid to 1.14 mg l(-1) in Navarra, whereas in TF it ranged from 0.93 mg l(-1) in Barcelona to 1.98 mg l(-1) in Madrid. The contribution of DON to total nitrogen deposition varied from 34% to 56% in BD in Barcelona and Navarra respectively, and from 38% in Barcelona to 72% in Madrid in TF. Agricultural activities and pollutants generated in metropolitan areas were identified as potential anthropogenic sources of DON at the study sites. Moreover, canopy uptake of DON in Navarra was found in spring and autumn, showing that organic nitrogen may be a supplementary nutrient for Mediterranean forests, assuming that a portion of the nitrogen taken up is assimilated during biologically active periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Izquieta-Rojano
- LICA, Department of Chemistry and Soil Science, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - H García-Gomez
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - L Aguillaume
- CREAF, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J M Santamaría
- LICA, Department of Chemistry and Soil Science, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Y S Tang
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), Edinburgh, EH26 0QB, UK
| | - C Santamaría
- LICA, Department of Chemistry and Soil Science, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - F Valiño
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Lasheras
- LICA, Department of Chemistry and Soil Science, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - R Alonso
- Ecotoxicology of Air Pollution, CIEMAT, Av. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Àvila
- CREAF, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J N Cape
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH), Edinburgh, EH26 0QB, UK
| | - D Elustondo
- LICA, Department of Chemistry and Soil Science, Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Perring AE, Pusede SE, Cohen RC. An Observational Perspective on the Atmospheric Impacts of Alkyl and Multifunctional Nitrates on Ozone and Secondary Organic Aerosol. Chem Rev 2013; 113:5848-70. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300520x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. E. Perring
- Department
of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
| | - S. E. Pusede
- Department
of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
| | - R. C. Cohen
- Department
of Chemistry, and ‡Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
94720, United States
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A Review of Tropospheric Atmospheric Chemistry and Gas-Phase Chemical Mechanisms for Air Quality Modeling. ATMOSPHERE 2011. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos3010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cornell S, Mace K, Coeppicus S, Duce R, Huebert B, Jickells T, Zhuang LZ. Organic nitrogen in Hawaiian rain and aerosol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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6
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Wang JL, Chen SW, Chew C. Automated gas chromatography with cryogenic/sorbent trap for the measurement of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere. J Chromatogr A 1999; 863:183-93. [PMID: 10593498 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00965-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An automated gas chromatographic system was constructed to easily adapt either the cryogenic trap or chemical sorbent trap for preconcentrating ambient levels of volatile organic compounds. Remarkable similarity in chromatograms from C3 to C10 was found between these two enrichment methods, except that the sorbent trap did not quantitatively trap the C2-hydrocarbons. In contrast to cryogenic trapping, the chromatographic conditions for more volatile compounds were substantially improved using the sorbent trap. Water interference on the porous-layer open tubular column was also better managed using the sorbent trap for the continuous analysis of humid room air. The similarity in peak profiles between the GC-flame ionization detection (FID) and a commercial GC-MS system, regardless of concentration levels, facilitated compound identification on the FID chromatograms based on a field mission involving analysis of 106 air samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan
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Helmig D, Klinger LF, Guenther A, Vierling L, Geron C, Zimmerman P. Biogenic volatile organic compound emissions (BVOCs). I. Identifications from three continental sites in the U.S. CHEMOSPHERE 1999; 38:2163-2187. [PMID: 10101861 DOI: 10.1016/s0045-6535(98)00425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation composition and biomass were surveyed for three specific sites in Atlanta, GA; near Rhinelander, WI; and near Hayden, CO. At each research site emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from the dominant vegetation species were sampled by enclosing branches in bag enclosure systems and sampling the equilibrium head space onto multi-stage solid adsorbent cartridges. Analysis was performed using a thermal desorption technique with gas chromatography (GC) separation and mass spectrometry (MS) detection. Identification of BVOCs covering the GC retention index range (stationary phase DB-1) from approximately 400 to 1400 was achieved (volatilities C4-C14).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Helmig
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307, USA
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8
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Nozière B, Barnes I. Evidence for formation of a PAN analogue of pinonic structure and investigation of its thermal stability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd01677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Helmig D, Greenberg J, Guenther A, Zimmerman P, Geron C. Volatile organic compounds and isoprene oxidation products at a temperate deciduous forest site. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Horowitz LW, Liang J, Gardner GM, Jacob DJ. Export of reactive nitrogen from North America during summertime: Sensitivity to hydrocarbon chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd03142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Elliott S, Blake DR, Rowland FS, Lu R, Brown MJ, Williams MD, Russell AG, Bossert JE, Streit GE, Santoyo MR, Guzman F, Porch WM, McNair LA, Keyantash J, Kao CYJ, Turco RP, Eichinger WE. Ventilation of liquefied petroleum gas components from the Valley of Mexico. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Elliott S, Shen M, Kao C, Turco R, Jacobson MZ. A streamlined family photochemistry module reproduces major nonlinearities in the global tropospheric ozone system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0097-8485(95)00054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Bertman SB, Roberts JM, Parrish DD, Buhr MP, Goldan PD, Kuster WC, Fehsenfeld FC, Montzka SA, Westberg H. Evolution of alkyl nitrates with air mass age. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd02030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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Separation, detection and occurrence of (C2?C8)-alkyl- and phenyl-alkyl nitrates as trace compounds in clean and polluted air. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00325611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Luxenhofer O, Ballschmiter K. C4-C14-alkyl nitrates as organic trace compounds in air. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00325612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Abstract
The principal oxidants in the lower atmosphere are ozone (O3) and two by-products of O3 photodissociation, the hydroxyl radical (OH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). A number of critical atmospheric chemical problems depend on the earth's "oxidizing capacity," which is essentially the global burden of these oxidants. There is limited direct evidence for changes in the earth's oxidizing capacity since recent preindustrial times when, because of industrial and population growth, increasing amounts of O3 precursor trace gases (carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons) have been released into the atmosphere. The concentrations of O3 and possibly H2O2 have increased over large regions. Models predict that tropospheric O3 will increase approximately 0.3 to 1% per year over the next 50 years with both positive and negative trends possible for OH and H2O2. Models and the observational network for oxidants are improving, but validation of global models is still at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Thompson
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center, Laboratory for Atmospheres, Greenbelt, MD 20771
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Roberts JM, Bertman SB. The thermal decomposition of peroxyacetic nitric anhydride (PAN) and peroxymethacrylic nitric anhydride (MPAN). INT J CHEM KINET 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.550240307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Sandholm ST, Bradshaw JD, Chen G, Singh HB, Talbot RW, Gregory GL, Blake DR, Sachse GW, Browell EV, Barrick JDW, Shipham MA, Bachmeier AS, Owen D. Summertime tropospheric observations related to NxOydistributions and partitioning over Alaska: Arctic Boundary Layer Expedition 3A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/92jd01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Cantrell CA, Lind JA, Shetter RE, Calvert JG, Goldan PD, Kuster W, Fehsenfeld FC, Montzka SA, Parrish DD, Williams EJ, Buhr MP, Westberg HH, Allwine G, Martin R. Peroxy radicals in the ROSE experiment: Measurement and theory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/92jd01727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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McKeen SA, Hsie EY, Trainer M, Tallamraju R, Liu SC. A regional model study of the ozone budget in the eastern United States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1029/91jd00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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