1
|
Klymkiw DF, Milligan K, Lackner C, Phillips M, Schmidt LA, Segalowitz SJ. Does Anxiety Enhance or Hinder Attentional and Impulse Control in Youth With ADHD? An ERP Analysis. J Atten Disord 2020; 24:1746-1756. [PMID: 28494637 DOI: 10.1177/1087054717707297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Youth with ADHD and comorbid anxiety (ADHD+ANX) experience increased social and academic impairment compared with youth with ADHD without anxiety (ADHD). Group differences in attentional and impulse control may underlie this increased impairment. Examination of group differences using behavioral measures of attentional and impulse control has yielded inconsistent findings. This study explored group differences using event-related potentials (ERPs), which provide neural information concerning early information processing. Method: ERPs (early frontal positivity [EFP], N2) were collected while youth aged 11 to 17 with ADHD (n = 31) and ADHD+ANX (n = 35) completed a visual and an auditory computer task. Results: Compared with the ADHD group, the ADHD+ANX group exhibited larger N2 amplitudes to no-go stimuli and larger EFP amplitudes to target auditory stimuli, with variable attention allocation to nontarget stimuli. Conclusion: The addition of anxiety to ADHD appears to alter early attentional processing, which may be an important aspect of this comorbidity.
Collapse
|
2
|
Morgenroth E, Orlov N, Lythgoe DJ, Stone JM, Barker H, Munro J, Eysenck M, Allen P. Altered relationship between prefrontal glutamate and activation during cognitive control in people with high trait anxiety. Cortex 2019; 117:53-63. [PMID: 30928721 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Trait anxiety can affect cognitive control resulting in ineffective and/or inefficient task performance. Moreover, previous functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies have reported altered dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activity in anxious cohorts, particularly when executive control is required. Recently, it has been demonstrated that cortical glutamate levels can predict both functional activation during cognitive control, and anxiety levels. In the present study we sought to investigate the relationship between trait anxiety, prefrontal glutamate levels and functional activation in DLPFC during a cognitive control task. Thirty-nine participants assigned to either low trait anxiety (LTA) or high trait anxiety (HTA) groups underwent 1H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to measure levels of resting glutamate in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Participants also completed fMRI during a Stroop task comprising congruent and incongruent colour word trials. The HTA group showed reduced task performance relative to the LTA group. In the LTA group, there was a positive association between PFC Glu levels and DLPFC activation during incongruent trials. This association was absent in the HTA group. Individual differences in trait anxiety affect the relationship between PFC glutamate levels and DLPFC activation, possibly contributing to ineffective task performance when cognitive control is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Natasza Orlov
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - David J Lythgoe
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James M Stone
- Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Holly Barker
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - James Munro
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK; Department of Psychology, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael Eysenck
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK; Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, London, UK
| | - Paul Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Combined Universities Brain Imaging Centre, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adolescent Test Anxiety: An Examination of Intraindividual and Contextual Predictors. SCHOOL MENTAL HEALTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12310-018-09302-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
4
|
Booth RW, Peker M. State anxiety impairs attentional control when other sources of control are minimal. Cogn Emot 2016; 31:1004-1011. [PMID: 27073974 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2016.1172474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests anxiety impairs attentional control; however, this effect has been unreliable. We argue that anxiety's impairment of attentional control is subtle, and can be obscured by other non-emotional sources of control. We demonstrate this by examining conflict adaptation, an enhancement in attentional control following a trial with high conflict between distracter and target stimuli. Participants completed a Stroop task featuring incongruent (e.g. RED in green font; high-conflict) and control (e.g. +++ in green font; low-conflict) trials. More state-anxious participants showed greater Stroop interference following control trials, but interference was uniformly low following incongruent trials. This suggests state anxiety can impair attention, but other sources of top-down control - such as conflict adaptation - can easily overcome this impairment. This is consistent with recent theories of anxious cognition and shows that anxiety researchers must attend to the dynamics and sources of attentional control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Booth
- a Department of Psychology , MEF University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Müjde Peker
- a Department of Psychology , MEF University , Istanbul , Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Inhibitory deficits in trait anxiety: Increased stimulus-based or response-based interference? Psychon Bull Rev 2014; 21:1339-45. [DOI: 10.3758/s13423-014-0611-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
6
|
Brown FC, Westerveld M, Langfitt JT, Hamberger M, Hamid H, Shinnar S, Sperling MR, Devinsky O, Barr W, Tracy J, Masur D, Bazil CW, Spencer SS. Influence of anxiety on memory performance in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 31:19-24. [PMID: 24291525 PMCID: PMC3946774 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the degree to which anxiety contributed to inconsistent material-specific memory difficulties among 243 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy from the Multisite Epilepsy Study. Visual memory performance on the Rey Complex Figure Test (RCFT) was poorer for those with high versus low levels of anxiety but was not found to be related to the TLE side. The verbal memory score on the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) was significantly lower for patients with left-sided TLE than for patients with right-sided TLE with low anxiety levels but equally impaired for those with high anxiety levels. These results suggest that we can place more confidence in the ability of verbal memory tests like the CVLT to lateralize to left-sided TLE for those with low anxiety levels, but that verbal memory will be less likely to produce lateralizing information for those with high anxiety levels. This suggests that more caution is needed when interpreting verbal memory tests for those with high anxiety levels. These results indicated that RCFT performance was significantly affected by anxiety and did not lateralize to either side, regardless of anxiety levels. This study adds to the existing literature which suggests that drawing-based visual memory tests do not lateralize among patients with TLE, regardless of anxiety levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Westerveld
- Walt Disney Pavilion - Florida Hospital for Children, Winter Park, FL, USA
| | - John T Langfitt
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Marla Hamberger
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hamada Hamid
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shlomo Shinnar
- Department of Neurology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Michael R Sperling
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Orrin Devinsky
- Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, New York University Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William Barr
- Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Tracy
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Masur
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein School of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Carl W Bazil
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Susan S Spencer
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen H. The Moderating Effects of Item Order Arranged by Difficulty on the Relationship between Test Anxiety and Test Performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ce.2012.33052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
8
|
Basten U, Stelzel C, Fiebach CJ. Trait Anxiety Modulates the Neural Efficiency of Inhibitory Control. J Cogn Neurosci 2011; 23:3132-45. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An impairment of attentional control in the face of threat-related distracters is well established for high-anxious individuals. Beyond that, it has been hypothesized that high trait anxiety more generally impairs the neural efficiency of cognitive processes requiring attentional control—even in the absence of threat-related stimuli. Here, we use fMRI to show that trait anxiety indeed modulates brain activation and functional connectivities between task-relevant brain regions in an affectively neutral Stroop task. In high-anxious individuals, dorsolateral pFC showed stronger task-related activation and reduced coupling with posterior lateral frontal regions, dorsal ACC, and a word-sensitive area in the left fusiform gyrus. These results support the assumption that a general (i.e., not threat-specific) impairment of attentional control leads to reduced neural processing efficiency in anxious individuals. The increased dorsolateral pFC activation is interpreted as an attempt to compensate for suboptimal connectivity within the cortical network subserving task performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Basten
- 1Goethe University Frankfurt
- 2University of Heidelberg
| | - Christine Stelzel
- 2University of Heidelberg
- 3Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
McCARTHY JULIE, HRABLUIK COREEN, JELLEY RBLAKE. PROGRESSION THROUGH THE RANKS: ASSESSING EMPLOYEE REACTIONS TO HIGH-STAKES EMPLOYMENT TESTING. PERSONNEL PSYCHOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2009.01158.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
The influence of self-efficacy and working memory capacity on problem-solving efficiency. LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2008.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
11
|
|
12
|
The influence of self-efficacy and metacognitive prompting on math problem-solving efficiency. CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2007.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|