1
|
Taufer NP, Santos-Souza C, Larentis LT, Santos CND, Creuzet SE, Garcez RC. Integrative analysis of molecular pathways and morphological anomalies associated with congenital Zika syndrome. J Neurol Sci 2024; 465:123190. [PMID: 39182423 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.123190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) comprises a set of clinical manifestations that can be presented by neonates born to mothers infected by the Zika virus (ZIKV). CZS-associated phenotypes include neurological, skeletal, and systemic alterations and long-term developmental sequelae. One of the most frequently reported clinical conditions is microcephaly characterized by a reduction in head circumference and cognitive complications. Nevertheless, the associations among the diverse signaling pathways underlying CZS phenotypes remain to be elucidated. To shed light on CZS, we have extensively reviewed the morphological anomalies resulting from ZIKV infection, as well as genes and proteins of interest obtained from the published literature. With this list of genes or proteins, we performed computational analyses to explore the cellular processes, molecular mechanisms, and molecular pathways related to ZIKV infection. Therefore, in this review, we comprehensively describe the morphological abnormalities caused by congenital ZIKV infection and, through the analysis noted above, propose common molecular pathways altered by ZIKV that could explain both central nervous system and craniofacial skeletal alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathali Parise Taufer
- Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Células-Tronco e Regeneração Tecidual (LACERT), Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Camila Santos-Souza
- Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Células-Tronco e Regeneração Tecidual (LACERT), Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucas Trentin Larentis
- Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Células-Tronco e Regeneração Tecidual (LACERT), Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Sophie Emmanuelle Creuzet
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Paris-Saclay University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 9197, Saclay, France.
| | - Ricardo Castilho Garcez
- Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Células-Tronco e Regeneração Tecidual (LACERT), Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sondermann NC, Momin AA, Arold ST, Haarmann-Stemmann T. Benzotriazole UV stabilizers disrupt epidermal growth factor receptor signaling in human cells. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108886. [PMID: 39024829 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Phenolic benzotriazole UV stabilizers (BUV) are commonly used additives in synthetic polymeric products, which constantly leak into the environment. They are persistent and bioaccumulative, and have been detected not only in fish, birds, and sea mammals, but also in humans, including breast milk samples. Several authorities including the European Chemical Agency already consider some BUVs as Substances of Very High Concern in need of further information, e.g. mechanistical studies and biomonitoring. In this study, we are addressing this need by investigating the effect of several BUVs on the activity of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), an important regulator of cellular processes that has recently been identified as a cell-surface receptor for environmental organic chemicals. By combining in silico docking, mutant analyses, receptor binding and internalization assays, we demonstrate that BUVs, particularly the chlorinated variants, bind to the extracellular domain of EGFR and thereby prevent the binding of growth factors. Accordingly, BUVs can inhibit EGFR downstream events, such as ERK1/2 phosphorylation and DNA synthesis, in human keratinocytes. Our data establish EGFR as a plasma membrane receptor for BUVs, offering novel mechanistic insights into the biological effects induced by these widespread and persistent chemicals. The findings of this study may not only improve hazard assessment for BUVs, but also contribute to the development of novel EGFR-targeting drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie C Sondermann
- IUF - Leibniz-Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Afaque A Momin
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Center of Excellence on Smart Health, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Stefan T Arold
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Center of Excellence on Smart Health, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Liu Z, Wang C, Chen H, Luo X, Shen L, Long C, Wei G, Liu X. Rab25 is involved in hypospadias via the β1 integrin/EGFR pathway. Exp Cell Res 2024; 436:113980. [PMID: 38401686 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypospadias is a common congenital abnormality of the penile. Abnormal regulation of critical genes involved in urethral development leads to hypospadias. We used the Rab25-/- mice and foreskin fibroblasts transfected with lentivirus in vitro and in vivo to investigate the role of Rab25 in hypospadias. METHODS The expression levels of various molecules in tissue samples and foreskin fibroblasts were confirmed using molecular biology methods (western blotting, PCR, immunohistochemistry, etc.). A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to visualize the external morphology of genital tubercles (GTs) of gestation day (GD) 18.5 male wild-type (WT) and Rab25-/- mice. RESULTS An expanded distal cleft and V-shaped urethral opening were observed in GD 18.5 Rab25-/- mice. We demonstrated that Rab25 mediated hypospadias through the β1 integrin/EGFR pathway. In addition, silencing Rab25 inhibited cell proliferation and migration and promoted apoptosis in the foreskin fibroblasts; Ki-67- and TUNEL-positive cells were mainly concentrated near the urethral seam. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that Rab25 plays an essential role in hypospadias by activation of β1 integrin/EGFR pathway, and Rab25 is a critical mediator of urethral seam formation in GD18.5 male fetal mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Zhenmin Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Chong Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Hongsong Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Xingguo Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Lianju Shen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Chunlan Long
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Guanghui Wei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Xing Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Paddenberg-Schubert E, Küchler E, Bitencourt Reis CL, Silva-Sousa AC, Kirschneck C. New insights into the genetics of mandibular retrognathism: novel candidate genes. J Orofac Orthop 2024:10.1007/s00056-023-00512-z. [PMID: 38296908 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-023-00512-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mandibular retrognathism (MR) is a common skeletal malocclusion in humans with a strong genetic component. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF receptor (EGFR) could be involved in the etiology of mandibular retrognathism. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether SNPs in the genes encoding for EGF and EGFR are associated with MR in German teenagers. METHODS This nested case-control study evaluated German orthodontic patients, aged 10-18 years. DNA, which was isolated from buccal epithelial cells using two cytobrushes, was used for genotyping analysis and digital pretreatment lateral cephalograms were examined to calculate SNB and ANB. Patients with a retrognathic mandible (SNB < 78°) were included as cases, while patients with an orthognathic mandible (SNB = 78-82°) were included as controls. Four SNPs in the genes encoding for EGF and EGFR were chosen and genotyped using real-time PCR. Allele, genotype, and haplotype frequency were compared across groups (α = 5%). RESULTS Finally, 119 patients were included in this study (45 orthognathic mandible, 74 retrognathic mandible). The minor allele G in rs4444903 (EGF) was statistically more frequent in individuals with an orthognathic mandible (p = 0.008). The haplotype formed by the mutant alleles for rs4444903|rs2237051 (EGF; G|A) was statistically more frequent in the orthognathic mandible group (p = 0.007). The SNPs rs4444903 and rs2237051 in EGF, and rs2227983 in EGFR were statistically associated with a decreasing risk of developing a retrognathic mandible according to univariate and multivariate statistical analysis (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION SNPs in EGF (rs4444903 and rs2237051) and EGFR (rs2227983) were associated with MR in our German sample and could be genetic biomarkers for early and individualized diagnostic identification of retrognathic mandibular development by means of genetic screening tests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Paddenberg-Schubert
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Erika Küchler
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Caio Luiz Bitencourt Reis
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Alice Corrêa Silva-Sousa
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Christian Kirschneck
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Q, Zhang Z, He X, Liu Z, Shen L, Long C, Wei G, Liu X. Expression of Rab25 is down-regulated in the foreskin of children with hypospadias. J Pediatr Urol 2023; 19:581.e1-581.e6. [PMID: 37246119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypospadias, a congenital malformation of the penis, is one of the newborns' most common developmental defects. The incidence of hypospadias is increasing yearly, and its pathogenesis is closely related to genetic susceptibility and environmental exposure to endocrine disruptors. Exploring the hypospadias' key molecular regulatory mechanism is crucial to reducing its incidence. OBJECTIVE To examine the differential expression of Rab25 in hypospadias and normal penile tissue and to identify whether it is a candidate gene for exploring the mechanism of hypospadias. STUDY DESIGN This study included 18 children aged 1-6 years undergoing hypospadias repair surgery at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, and foreskin samples were collected. Children diagnosed with cryptorchidism, intersex status, or endocrine abnormalities were excluded from this study. Another 18 children aged 3-8 years with phimosis were included in the control group. The specimens were used for immunohistochemistry, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and polymerase chain reaction to assess the expression of Rab25. RESULTS Rab25 protein expression was lower in the hypospadias group than in the control group [ (2.101 ± 0.1845), (0.7506 ± 0.1779), p = 0.0008 < 0.05). The hypospadias group showed decreased expression of Rab25 protein in the epithelial cell layer. Rab25 mRNA levels were downregulated in the foreskin of children with hypospadias compared with controls [(1.697 ± 0.2005), (0.7687 ± 0.2130), p = 0.0053 < 0.05)]. DISCUSSION Rab25 mRNA and protein expressions in the hypospadias group were significantly downregulated compared with the control group. This was consistent with the results of single-cell sequencing of fetal mice reproductive nodules at 15.5 days of gestation (Zhang Z, Liu Z, Zhang Q, et al., unpublished observations). Our study represents the first report of abnormal Rab25 expression in the foreskin tissue of patients with hypospadias. More detailed research on the relationship between Rab25 and urethral development could be conducted to reveal the molecular mechanism of hypospadias. CONCLUSION The expression of Rab25 in foreskin tissue was lower in the hypospadias group than in the control group. Rab25 is involved in the formation of the urethral seam and the occurrence of hypospadias. The potential mechanism by which Rab25 affects the canalization of the urethral plate needs to be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Xueyu He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Zhenmin Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Lianju Shen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Chunlan Long
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Guanghui Wei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China
| | - Xing Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China; Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yoshida N, Inubushi T, Hirose T, Aoyama G, Kurosaka H, Yamashiro T. The roles of JAK2/STAT3 signaling in fusion of the secondary palate. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050085. [PMID: 37846594 PMCID: PMC10602007 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cleft palate has a multifactorial etiology. In palatal fusion, the contacting medial edge epithelium (MEE) forms the epithelial seam, which is subsequently removed with the reduction of p63. Failure in this process results in a cleft palate. We herein report the involvement of janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling in palatal fusion and that folic acid rescues the fusing defect by reactivating JAK2/STAT3. In closure of bilateral palatal shelves, STAT3 phosphorylation was activated at the fusing MEE and mesenchyme underlying the MEE. JAK2 inhibition by AG490 inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation and resulted in palatal fusion failure without removal of the epithelial seam, in which p63 and keratin 17 (K17) periderm markers were retained. Folic acid application restored STAT3 phosphorylation in AG490-treated palatal explants and rescued the fusion defect, in which the p63- and K17-positive epithelial seam were removed. The AG490-induced palatal defect was also rescued in p63 haploinsufficient explants. These findings suggest that JAK2/STAT3 signaling is involved in palatal fusion by suppressing p63 expression in MEE and that folate restores the fusion defect by reactivating JAK2/STAT3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Inubushi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirose
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Gozo Aoyama
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurosaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamashiro
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ishan M, Wang Z, Zhao P, Yao Y, Stice SL, Wells L, Mishina Y, Liu HX. Taste papilla cell differentiation requires the regulation of secretory protein production by ALK3-BMP signaling in the tongue mesenchyme. Development 2023; 150:dev201838. [PMID: 37680190 PMCID: PMC10560570 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Taste papillae are specialized organs, each of which comprises an epithelial wall hosting taste buds and a core of mesenchymal tissue. In the present study, we report that during early taste papilla development in mouse embryos, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling mediated by type 1 receptor ALK3 in the tongue mesenchyme is required for epithelial Wnt/β-catenin activity and taste papilla differentiation. Mesenchyme-specific knockout (cKO) of Alk3 using Wnt1-Cre and Sox10-Cre resulted in an absence of taste papillae at E12.0. Biochemical and cell differentiation analyses demonstrated that mesenchymal ALK3-BMP signaling governed the production of previously unappreciated secretory proteins, i.e. it suppressed those that inhibit and facilitated those that promote taste papilla differentiation. Bulk RNA-sequencing analysis revealed many more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the tongue epithelium than in the mesenchyme in Alk3 cKO versus control. Moreover, we detected downregulated epithelial Wnt/β-catenin signaling and found that taste papilla development in the Alk3 cKO was rescued by the GSK3β inhibitor LiCl, but not by Wnt3a. Our findings demonstrate for the first time the requirement of tongue mesenchyme in taste papilla cell differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ishan
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Zhonghou Wang
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yao Yao
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Steven L. Stice
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Lance Wells
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hong-Xiang Liu
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Marc S, Mizeranschi AE, Paul C, Otavă G, Savici J, Sicoe B, Torda I, Huțu I, Mircu C, Ilie DE, Carabaș M, Boldura OM. Simultaneous Occurrence of Hypospadias and Bilateral Cleft Lip and Jaw in a Crossbred Calf: Clinical, Computer Tomographic, and Genomic Characterization. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13101709. [PMID: 37238140 DOI: 10.3390/ani13101709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital abnormalities in animals, including abnormalities of the cleft lip and jaw and hypospadias have been reported in all domesticated species. They are a major concern for breeders due to the increased economic loss they entail. In this article, we described a congenital bilateral cheilognathoschisis (cleft lip and jaw) with campylognathia in association with penile hypospadias and preputial hypoplasia with failure of preputial fusion in a Bos taurus crossbred Piedmontese × Wagyu calf. Clinical examination, computed tomography, and whole genome sequencing were performed to describe and identify a possible cause of the abnormalities. Clinical examination revealed a bilateral cheilognathoschisis of approximately 4 cm in length and 3 cm in width in the widest part, with computer tomography analyses confirming the bilateral absence of the processus nasalis of the incisive bone and the lateral deviation of the processus palatinus towards the left side. Genomic data analyses identified 13 mutations with a high impact on the products of the following overlapped genes: ACVR1, ADGRA2, BHMT2, BMPR1B, CCDC8, CDH1, EGF, F13A1, GSTP1, IRF6, MMP14, MYBPHL, and PHC2 with ADGRA2, EGF, F13A1, GSTP1, and IRF6 having mutations in a homozygous state. The whole genome investigation indicates the involvement of multiple genes in the birth defects observed in this case.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Marc
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, 300645 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Eugeniu Mizeranschi
- The Molecular Research Department, Research and Development Station for Bovine Arad, Bodrogului Street, 32, 310059 Arad, Romania
| | - Cristina Paul
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering of Organic and Natural Compounds, Faculty of Industrial Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Politehnica University Timisoara, Carol Telbisz 6, 300001 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Gabriel Otavă
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, 300645 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Jelena Savici
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Bogdan Sicoe
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iuliu Torda
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, 300645 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Ioan Huțu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, 300645 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Călin Mircu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, 300645 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Elena Ilie
- The Molecular Research Department, Research and Development Station for Bovine Arad, Bodrogului Street, 32, 310059 Arad, Romania
| | - Mihai Carabaș
- Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenţei 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Maria Boldura
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Life Sciences ''King Mihai I'' from Timisoara, 300645 Timișoara, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mangiavini L, Peretti GM, Canciani B, Maffulli N. Epidermal growth factor signalling pathway in endochondral ossification: an evidence-based narrative review. Ann Med 2022; 54:37-50. [PMID: 34955078 PMCID: PMC8725985 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2021.2015798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
During endochondral bone development, a complex process that leads to the formation of the majority of skeletal elements, mesenchymal cells condense, differentiating into chondrocytes and producing the foetal growth plate. Chondrocytes progressively hypertrophy, induce angiogenesis and are then gradually replaced by bone. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), one of many growth factors, is the prototype of the EGF-ligand family, which comprises several proteins involved in cell proliferation, migration and survival. In bone, EGF pathway signalling finely tunes the first steps of chondrogenesis by maintaining mesenchymal cells in an undifferentiated stage, and by promoting hypertrophic cartilage replacement. Moreover, EGF signalling modulates bone homeostasis by stimulating osteoblast and osteoclast proliferation, and by regulating osteoblast differentiation under specific spatial and temporal conditions. This evidence-based narrative review describes the EGF pathway in bone metabolism and endochondral bone development. This comprehensive description may be useful in light of possible clinical applications in orthopaedic practice. A deeper knowledge of the role of EGF in bone may be useful in musculoskeletal conditions which may benefit from the modulation of this signalling pathway.Key messagesThe EGF pathway is involved in bone metabolism.EGF signalling is essential in the very early stages of limb development by maintaining cells in an undifferentiated stage.EGF pathway positively regulates chondrocyte proliferation, negatively modulates hypertrophy, and favours cartilage replacement by bone.EGF and EGF-like proteins finely tune the proliferation and differentiation of bone tissue cells, and they also regulate the initial phases of endochondral ossification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Mangiavini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - G M Peretti
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - B Canciani
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - N Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Baronissi, SA, Italy.,Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University Faculty of Medicine, Stoke on Trent, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yao S, Zhou X, Vona B, Fan L, Zhang C, Li D, Yuan H, Du Y, Ma L, Pan Y. Skeletal Class III Malocclusion Is Associated with ADAMTS2 Variants and Reduced Expression in a Familial Case. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810673. [PMID: 36142585 PMCID: PMC9505033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal Class III malocclusion with maxillary deficiency is a severe maxillofacial disease with unclear pathogenic mechanisms. We recruited a Han Chinese family who was clinically diagnosed with skeletal Class III malocclusion and maxillary deficiency. Using whole exome sequencing, a missense variant in ADAMTS2 (NM_014244: c.3506G>T: p.G1169V) was identified and predicted as deleterious by in silico tools. We also found ADAMTS2 variants associated with deficient maxillary development in a cohort. ADAMTS2 expression in HEK293 cells showed significant decrease due to the variant, which was also consistent in dental pulp stem cells from the proband and a healthy control. In the adamts2-knockdown zebrafish model, the length and width of the ethmoid plate, as well as the length of the palatoquadrate became significantly shorter than the control group (p < 0.001), while there was no significant difference in the length and width of the mandible. The expression of Sox3, which was required in early embryonic craniofacial development, was significantly downregulated in the adamts2-knockdown zebrafish embryos. Bioinformatic and cellular studies showed that the decreased expression of ADAMTS2 may inhibit downstream ErbB signaling pathway transduction and restrain subsequent osteogenesis in human adult mesenchymal stromal cells. Collectively, these data showed that ADAMTS2 (c.3506G>T: p.G1169V) may confer susceptibility to risk of skeletal Class III malocclusion with maxillary deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyue Yao
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and Inner Ear Lab, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Liwen Fan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Yifei Du
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (Y.P.); Tel.: +86-25-86862025 (L.M. & Y.P.); Fax: +86-25-86862823 (L.M. & Y.P.)
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (Y.P.); Tel.: +86-25-86862025 (L.M. & Y.P.); Fax: +86-25-86862823 (L.M. & Y.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wiszniak S, Schwarz Q. Mandible Explant Assay for the Analysis of Meckel's Cartilage Development. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2403:235-247. [PMID: 34913127 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1847-9_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ex vivo explant models are a valuable tool for analyzing organ and tissue morphogenesis, providing the opportunity to manipulate and interrogate specific cellular and/or molecular pathways that may not be possible using conventional methods in vivo. The mandible primordia is a remarkably self-organizing structure that has the ability to develop cartilage, bone, teeth, epithelial tissue, and the tongue when grown in culture ex vivo and closely mimics the development of these structures in vivo. Here we describe a robust protocol for the culture of mandibular explants using serum-free, chemically defined culture media. We also describe methods for manipulating mandible and/or Meckel's cartilage development by implantation of agarose beads soaked in various molecular factors to augment mandible development, as well as methods for Alcian blue staining of Meckel's cartilage and immunohistochemistry. This culture method can also be adapted for other molecular analyses, including addition of small-molecule inhibitors and/or growth factors to the culture media, as well as culturing explants from genetically modified mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Wiszniak
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - Quenten Schwarz
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Inubushi T, Fujiwara A, Hirose T, Aoyama G, Uchihashi T, Yoshida N, Shiraishi Y, Usami Y, Kurosaka H, Toyosawa S, Tanaka S, Watabe T, Kogo M, Yamashiro T. Ras signaling and its effector RREB1 are required for the dissociation of MEE cells in palatogenesis. Dis Model Mech 2021; 15:273709. [PMID: 34897389 PMCID: PMC8862740 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cleft palate is one of the major congenital craniofacial birth defects. The etiology underlying the pathogenesis of cleft palate has yet to be fully elucidated. Dissociation of the medial edge epithelium (MEE) at the contacting region of palatal shelves and subsequent migration or apoptosis of MEE cells is required for proper MEE removal. Ras-responsive element-binding protein 1 (RREB1), a RAS transcriptional effector, has recently been shown to play a crucial role in developmental epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), in which loss of epithelial characteristics is an initial step, during mid-gastrulation of embryonic development. Interestingly, the involvement of RREB1 in cleft palate has been indicated in humans. Here, we demonstrated that pan-Ras inhibitor prevents the dissociation of MEE during murine palatal fusion. Rreb1 is expressed in the palatal epithelium during palatal fusion, and knockdown of Rreb1 in palatal organ culture resulted in palatal fusion defects by inhibiting the dissociation of MEE cells. Our present findings provide evidence that RREB1-mediated Ras signaling is required during palatal fusion. Aberrant RREB1-mediated Ras signaling might be involved in the pathogenesis of cleft palate. Summary: RREB1, a known transcriptional factor that acts downstream of Ras signaling, is expressed in the medial edge epithelium (MEE) region and required for the dissociation of MEE during palatal fusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Inubushi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayaka Fujiwara
- First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takumi Hirose
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gozo Aoyama
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Uchihashi
- First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Yoshida
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Shiraishi
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yu Usami
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurosaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoru Toyosawa
- Department of Oral Pathology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Susumu Tanaka
- First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Watabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikihiko Kogo
- First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamashiro
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lees-Shepard JB, Flint K, Fisher M, Omi M, Richard K, Antony M, Chen PJ, Yadav S, Threadgill D, Maihle NJ, Dealy CN. Cross-talk between EGFR and BMP signals regulates chondrocyte maturation during endochondral ossification. Dev Dyn 2021; 251:75-94. [PMID: 34773433 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive maturation of growth plate chondrocytes drives long bone growth during endochondral ossification. Signals from the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and from bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), are required for normal chondrocyte maturation. Here, we investigated cross-talk between EGFR and BMP2 signals in developing and adult growth plates. RESULTS Using in vivo mouse models of conditional cartilage-targeted EGFR or BMP2 loss, we show that canonical BMP signal activation is increased in the hypertrophic chondrocytes of EGFR-deficient growth plates; whereas EGFR signal activation is increased in the reserve, prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes of BMP2-deficient growth plates. EGFR-deficient chondrocytes displayed increased BMP signal activation in vitro, accompanied by increased expression of IHH, COL10A1, and RUNX2. Hypertrophic differentiation and BMP signal activation were suppressed in normal chondrocyte cultures treated with the EGFR ligand betacellulin, effects that were partially blocked by simultaneous treatment with BMP2 or a chemical EGFR antagonist. CONCLUSIONS Cross-talk between EGFR and BMP2 signals occurs during chondrocyte maturation. In the reserve and prehypertrophic zones, BMP2 signals unilaterally suppress EGFR activity; in the hypertrophic zone, EGFR and BMP2 signals repress each other. This cross-talk may play a role in regulating chondrocyte maturation in developing and adult growth plates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John B Lees-Shepard
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Flint
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Melanie Fisher
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Minoru Omi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kelsey Richard
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michelle Antony
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Po Jung Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sumit Yadav
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - David Threadgill
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Nita J Maihle
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.,Department of Cell & Molecular Biology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Caroline N Dealy
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Inactive rhomboid proteins RHBDF1 and RHBDF2 (iRhoms): a decade of research in murine models. Mamm Genome 2021; 32:415-426. [PMID: 34477920 PMCID: PMC8580931 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-021-09910-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Rhomboid proteases, first discovered in Drosophila, are intramembrane serine proteases. Members of the rhomboid protein family that are catalytically deficient are known as inactive rhomboids (iRhoms). iRhoms have been implicated in wound healing, cancer, and neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, inflammation, and skin diseases. The past decade of mouse research has shed new light on two key protein domains of iRhoms—the cytosolic N-terminal domain and the transmembrane dormant peptidase domain—suggesting new ways to target multiple intracellular signaling pathways. This review focuses on recent advances in uncovering the unique functions of iRhom protein domains in normal growth and development, growth factor signaling, and inflammation, with a perspective on future therapeutic opportunities.
Collapse
|
15
|
Rimdenoka O, Pilmane M. Evaluation of TGF-β1 and EGFR in Cleft Affected Lip Mucosa. Acta Med Litu 2021; 28:86-96. [PMID: 34393631 PMCID: PMC8311851 DOI: 10.15388/amed.2021.28.1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The morphopathogenesis of orofacial cleft development is only partly understood; therefore, it is important to identify factors, which possibly could be involved in it. The aim of the study was to evaluate the distribution of TGF-β1 and EGFR-containing cells in cleft affected lip mucosa. Materials and Methods. The study group included lip mucosa tissue samples from 14 patients with orofacial cleft. The control group contained 11 healthy oral mucosa tissue samples. The tissue sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for TGF-β1 and EGFR. The expression of positive structures was graded semiquantitatively. IBM SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis, Spearman`s rank correlation and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed. Results. Mostly few to moderate number (+/++) of TGF-β1-containing cells was found in epithelium, also the same number of fibroblasts and macrophages was seen in the lamina propria of cleft affected lip mucosa. Meanwhile, healthy oral mucosa on average demonstrated a moderate number (++) of TGF-β1-containing epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages. A variable, mostly indistinct number of EGFR-containing cells was seen in the epithelium of cleft affected lip mucosa, meanwhile, mostly no (0) EGFR positive cells were found in the epithelium of healthy mucosa. Statistically significantly less TGF-β1-containing cells were found in the epithelium of cleft affected lip mucosa than in the healthy mucosa (U=33.000; p=0.015). Also, the lamina propria of cleft affected lip mucosa showed statistically significantly less TGF-β1 immunoreactive fibroblasts and macrophages than the healthy mucosa (U=28.500; p=0.006). Conclusions. The decreased number of TGF-β1-containing epithelial cells, fibroblasts and macrophages in cleft affected lip mucosa proves the role of problematic tissue remodelation in the cleft pathogenesis. The distribution of EGFR in cleft affected and healthy mucosa is similar and possibly does not play a role in the cleft development of humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Rimdenoka
- Riga Stradins University, Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology
| | - Māra Pilmane
- Riga Stradins University, Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jia S, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Wang Y, Liu D, He Y, Wei X, Gu H, Ma W, Luo W, Yuan Z. PIWI-interacting RNA sequencing profiles in maternal plasma-derived exosomes reveal novel non-invasive prenatal biomarkers for the early diagnosis of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate. EBioMedicine 2021; 65:103253. [PMID: 33639402 PMCID: PMC7921467 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital malformations are common birth defects with high neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is essential to find simpler and more efficient biomarkers for early prenatal diagnosis. Therefore, we investigated PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) as potential prenatal biomarkers in plasma-derived exosomes from pregnant women carrying foetuses with congenital malformations. Methods Small RNA sequencing was used to screen piRNA biomarkers in plasma-derived exosomes of five pregnant women carrying foetuses with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (nsCLP) and five women carrying normal foetuses. Differentially expressed piRNAs were verified in 270 pregnant women, including 111 paired women carrying foetuses with congenital malformations and normal foetuses (at 24 gestational weeks), 10 paired women carrying foetuses with nsCLP and normal foetuses (at 15–19 gestational weeks), and 28 women at different stages of normal pregnancy. piRNA biomarkers were also verified in placentas, umbilical cords, fetal medial calf muscles, and lip tissues of nsCLP and normal foetuses. Findings We identified a biomarker panel of three pregnancy-associated exosomal piRNAs (hsa-piR-009228, hsa-piR-016659, and hsa-piR-020496) could distinguish nsCLP foetuses from normal foetuses. These three piRNAs had better diagnostic accuracy for nsCLP at the early gestational stage, at which time typical malformations were not detected upon prenatal ultrasound screening, and had diagnostic value for neural tube defects (NTDs) and congenital heart defects (CHDs). Interpretation Our work revealed the potential clinical applications of piRNAs for predicting nsCLP, NTDs, and CHDs. Funding National Key Research and Development Program, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yanfu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yiwen He
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Hui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Wei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Wenting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Zhengwei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Health Ministry for Congenital Malformation, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Motch Perrine SM, Wu M, Holmes G, Bjork BC, Jabs EW, Richtsmeier JT. Phenotypes, Developmental Basis, and Genetics of Pierre Robin Complex. J Dev Biol 2020; 8:E30. [PMID: 33291480 PMCID: PMC7768358 DOI: 10.3390/jdb8040030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenotype currently accepted as Pierre Robin syndrome/sequence/anomalad/complex (PR) is characterized by mandibular dysmorphology, glossoptosis, respiratory obstruction, and in some cases, cleft palate. A causative sequence of developmental events is hypothesized for PR, but few clear causal relationships between discovered genetic variants, dysregulated gene expression, precise cellular processes, pathogenesis, and PR-associated anomalies are documented. This review presents the current understanding of PR phenotypes, the proposed pathogenetic processes underlying them, select genes associated with PR, and available animal models that could be used to better understand the genetic basis and phenotypic variation of PR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Motch Perrine
- Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.W.); (G.H.); (E.W.J.)
| | - Greg Holmes
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.W.); (G.H.); (E.W.J.)
| | - Bryan C. Bjork
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA;
| | - Ethylin Wang Jabs
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (M.W.); (G.H.); (E.W.J.)
| | - Joan T. Richtsmeier
- Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Koseska A, Bastiaens PI. Processing Temporal Growth Factor Patterns by an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Network Dynamically Established in Space. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2020; 36:359-383. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-013020-103810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The proto-oncogenic epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) is a tyrosine kinase whose sensitivity and response to growth factor signals that vary over time and space determine cellular behavior within a developing tissue. The molecular reorganization of the receptors on the plasma membrane and the enzyme-kinetic mechanisms of phosphorylation are key determinants that couple growth factor binding to EGFR signaling. To enable signal initiation and termination while simultaneously accounting for suppression of aberrant signaling, a coordinated coupling of EGFR kinase and protein tyrosine phosphatase activity is established through space by vesicular dynamics. The dynamical operation mode of this network enables not only time-varying growth factor sensing but also adaptation of the response depending on cellular context. By connecting spatially coupled enzymatic kinase/phosphatase processes and the corresponding dynamical systems description of the EGFR network, we elaborate on the general principles necessary for processing complex growth factor signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Koseska
- Lise Meitner Group Cellular Computations and Learning, Centre of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), D-53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Philippe I.H. Bastiaens
- Department of Systemic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Svandova E, Anthwal N, Tucker AS, Matalova E. Diverse Fate of an Enigmatic Structure: 200 Years of Meckel's Cartilage. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:821. [PMID: 32984323 PMCID: PMC7484903 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Meckel's cartilage was first described by the German anatomist Johann Friedrich Meckel the Younger in 1820 from his analysis of human embryos. Two hundred years after its discovery this paper follows the development and largely transient nature of the mammalian Meckel's cartilage, and its role in jaw development. Meckel's cartilage acts as a jaw support during early development, and a template for the later forming jaw bones. In mammals, its anterior domain links the two arms of the dentary together at the symphysis while the posterior domain ossifies to form two of the three ear ossicles of the middle ear. In between, Meckel's cartilage transforms to a ligament or disappears, subsumed by the growing dentary bone. Several human syndromes have been linked, directly or indirectly, to abnormal Meckel's cartilage formation. Herein, the evolution, development and fate of the cartilage and its impact on jaw development is mapped. The review focuses on developmental and cellular processes that shed light on the mechanisms behind the different fates of this cartilage, examining the control of Meckel's cartilage patterning, initiation and maturation. Importantly, human disorders and mouse models with disrupted Meckel's cartilage development are highlighted, in order to understand how changes in this cartilage impact on later development of the dentary and the craniofacial complex as a whole. Finally, the relative roles of tissue interactions, apoptosis, autophagy, macrophages and clast cells in the removal process are discussed. Meckel's cartilage is a unique and enigmatic structure, the development and function of which is starting to be understood but many interesting questions still remain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Svandova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Neal Anthwal
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Abigail S. Tucker
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Matalova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Marchant C, Anderson P, Schwarz Q, Wiszniak S. Vessel-derived angiocrine IGF1 promotes Meckel's cartilage proliferation to drive jaw growth during embryogenesis. Development 2020; 147:dev.190488. [PMID: 32439763 PMCID: PMC7295590 DOI: 10.1242/dev.190488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Craniofacial development is a complex morphogenic process that requires highly orchestrated interactions between multiple cell types. Blood vessel-derived angiocrine factors are known to promote proliferation of chondrocytes in Meckel's cartilage to drive jaw outgrowth, however the specific factors controlling this process remain unknown. Here, we use in vitro and ex vivo cell and tissue culture, as well as genetic mouse models, to identify IGF1 as a novel angiocrine factor directing Meckel's cartilage growth during embryonic development. We show that IGF1 is secreted by blood vessels and that deficient IGF1 signalling underlies mandibular hypoplasia in Wnt1-Cre; Vegfafl/fl mice that exhibit vascular and associated jaw defects. Furthermore, conditional removal of IGF1 from blood vessels causes craniofacial defects including a shortened mandible, and reduced proliferation of Meckel's cartilage chondrocytes. This demonstrates a crucial angiocrine role for IGF1 during craniofacial cartilage growth, and identifies IGF1 as a putative therapeutic for jaw and/or cartilage growth disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ceilidh Marchant
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Peter Anderson
- Australian Craniofacial Unit, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia
| | - Quenten Schwarz
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Sophie Wiszniak
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yan F, Dai Y, Iwata J, Zhao Z, Jia P. An integrative, genomic, transcriptomic and network-assisted study to identify genes associated with human cleft lip with or without cleft palate. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:39. [PMID: 32241273 PMCID: PMC7118807 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-0675-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is one of the most common congenital human birth defects. A combination of genetic and epidemiology studies has contributed to a better knowledge of CL/P-associated candidate genes and environmental risk factors. However, the etiology of CL/P remains not fully understood. In this study, to identify new CL/P-associated genes, we conducted an integrative analysis using our in-house network tools, dmGWAS [dense module search for Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS)] and EW_dmGWAS (Edge-Weighted dmGWAS), in a combination with GWAS data, the human protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and differential gene expression profiles. RESULTS A total of 87 genes were consistently detected in both European and Asian ancestries in dmGWAS. There were 31.0% (27/87) showed nominal significance with CL/P (gene-based p < 0.05), with three genes showing strong association signals, including KIAA1598, GPR183, and ZMYND11 (p < 1 × 10- 3). In EW_dmGWAS, we identified 253 and 245 module genes associated with CL/P for European ancestry and the Asian ancestry, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that these genes were involved in cell adhesion, protein localization to the plasma membrane, the regulation of the apoptotic signaling pathway, and other pathological conditions. A small proportion of genes (5.1% for European ancestry; 2.4% for Asian ancestry) had prior evidence in CL/P as annotated in CleftGeneDB database. Our analysis highlighted nine novel CL/P candidate genes (BRD1, CREBBP, CSK, DNM1L, LOR, PTPN18, SND1, TGS1, and VIM) and 17 previously reported genes in the top modules. CONCLUSIONS The genes identified through superimposing GWAS signals and differential gene expression profiles onto human PPI network, as well as their functional features, helped our understanding of the etiology of CL/P. Our multi-omics integrative analyses revealed nine novel candidate genes involved in CL/P.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Yan
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin St. Suite 600, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yulin Dai
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin St. Suite 600, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Junichi Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin St. Suite 600, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
| | - Peilin Jia
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin St. Suite 600, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
London M, Gallo E. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) involvement in epithelial-derived cancers and its current antibody-based immunotherapies. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:1267-1282. [PMID: 32162758 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is part of the family of tyrosine kinase receptors. The binding of EGFR to its cognate ligands leads to its autophosphorylation and subsequent activation of the signal transduction pathways involved in regulating cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Accordingly, this receptor carries out both redundant and restricted functions in the germline development of mammals and in the maintenance of various adult tissues. Correspondingly, the loss of EGFR regulation results in many human diseases, with the most notable cancer. This receptor is overexpressed and/or mutated in multiple epithelial-derived tumors, and associated with poor prognosis and survival in cancer patients. Here, we discuss in detail the role of EGFR in specific epithelial-derived cancer pathologies; these include lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and squamous cell carcinomas. The development of multiple anticancer agents against EGFR diminished the progression and metastasis of tumors. Some of the most versatile therapeutic anti-EGFR agents include the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), demonstrating success in clinical settings when used in combination with cytotoxic treatments, such as chemotherapy and/or radiation. We thus discuss the development and application of two of the most notable therapeutic mAbs, cetuximab, and panitumumab, currently utilized in various EGFR-related epithelial cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Max London
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Eugenio Gallo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kalev-Altman R, Hanael E, Zelinger E, Blum M, Monsonego-Ornan E, Sela-Donenfeld D. Conserved role of matrix metalloproteases 2 and 9 in promoting the migration of neural crest cells in avian and mammalian embryos. FASEB J 2020; 34:5240-5261. [PMID: 32067275 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901217rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Neural crest cells (NCCs) are a unique embryonic cell population that initially reside at the dorsal neural tube but later migrate in the embryo and differentiate into multiple types of derivatives. To acquire motility, NCCs undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and invade the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are a large family of proteases which regulate migration of various embryonic and adult cells via ECM remodeling. The gelatinase's subgroup of MMPs is the most studied one due to its key role in metastasis. As it is composed of only two proteases, MMP2 and MMP9, it is important to understand whether each is indispensable or redundant in its biological function. Here we explored the role of the gelatinases in executing NCC migration, by determining whether MMP2 and/or MMP9 regulate migration across species in singular, combined, or redundant manners. Chick and mouse embryos were utilized to compare expression and activity of both MMPs using genetic and pharmacological approaches in multiple in vivo and ex vivo assays. Both MMPs were found to be expressed and active in mouse and chick NCCs. Inhibition of each MMP was sufficient to prevent NCC migration in both species. Yet, NCC migration was maintained in MMP2-/- or MMP9-/- mouse mutants due to compensation between the gelatinases, but reciprocal pharmacological inhibition in each mutant prevented NCC migration. This study reveals for the first time that both gelatinases are expressed in avian and mammalian NCCs, and demonstrates their fundamental and conserved role in promoting embryonic cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Kalev-Altman
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel.,The Institute of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Erez Hanael
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Einat Zelinger
- Core Facility Unit, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Martin Blum
- Institute of Zoology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Efrat Monsonego-Ornan
- The Institute of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Dalit Sela-Donenfeld
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Paiva KBS, Maas CS, dos Santos PM, Granjeiro JM, Letra A. Extracellular Matrix Composition and Remodeling: Current Perspectives on Secondary Palate Formation, Cleft Lip/Palate, and Palatal Reconstruction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:340. [PMID: 31921852 PMCID: PMC6923686 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial development comprises a complex process in humans in which failures or disturbances frequently lead to congenital anomalies. Cleft lip with/without palate (CL/P) is a common congenital anomaly that occurs due to variations in craniofacial development genes, and may occur as part of a syndrome, or more commonly in isolated forms (non-syndromic). The etiology of CL/P is multifactorial with genes, environmental factors, and their potential interactions contributing to the condition. Rehabilitation of CL/P patients requires a multidisciplinary team to perform the multiple surgical, dental, and psychological interventions required throughout the patient's life. Despite progress, lip/palatal reconstruction is still a major treatment challenge. Genetic mutations and polymorphisms in several genes, including extracellular matrix (ECM) genes, soluble factors, and enzymes responsible for ECM remodeling (e.g., metalloproteinases), have been suggested to play a role in the etiology of CL/P; hence, these may be considered likely targets for the development of new preventive and/or therapeutic strategies. In this context, investigations are being conducted on new therapeutic approaches based on tissue bioengineering, associating stem cells with biomaterials, signaling molecules, and innovative technologies. In this review, we discuss the role of genes involved in ECM composition and remodeling during secondary palate formation and pathogenesis and genetic etiology of CL/P. We also discuss potential therapeutic approaches using bioactive molecules and principles of tissue bioengineering for state-of-the-art CL/P repair and palatal reconstruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katiúcia Batista Silva Paiva
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biology and Cellular Interaction, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clara Soeiro Maas
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biology and Cellular Interaction, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pâmella Monique dos Santos
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biology and Cellular Interaction, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Mauro Granjeiro
- Clinical Research Laboratory in Dentistry, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, Brazil
- Directory of Life Sciences Applied Metrology, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology, Duque de Caxias, Brazil
| | - Ariadne Letra
- Center for Craniofacial Research, UTHealth School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Pediatric Research Center, UTHealth McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, UTHealth School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Klufa J, Bauer T, Hanson B, Herbold C, Starkl P, Lichtenberger B, Srutkova D, Schulz D, Vujic I, Mohr T, Rappersberger K, Bodenmiller B, Kozakova H, Knapp S, Loy A, Sibilia M. Hair eruption initiates and commensal skin microbiota aggravate adverse events of anti-EGFR therapy. Sci Transl Med 2019; 11:eaax2693. [PMID: 31826981 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax2693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted anticancer therapy induces stigmatizing skin toxicities affecting patients' quality of life and therapy adherence. The lack of mechanistic details underlying these adverse events hampers their management. We found that EGFR/ERK signaling is required in LRIG1-positive stem cells during de novo hair eruption to secure barrier integrity and prevent the invasion of commensal microbiota and inflammatory skin disease. EGFR-deficient epidermis is permissive for microbiota outgrowth and displays an atopic-like TH2-dominated signature. The opening of the follicular ostia during hair eruption allows invasion of commensal microbiota into the hair follicle, initiating an additional TH1 and TH17 response culminating in chronic folliculitis. Restoration of epidermal ERK signaling via prophylactic FGF7 treatment or transgenic SOS expression rescues the barrier defect in the absence of EGFR, highlighting a therapeutic anchor point. These data reveal that commensal skin microbiota provoke atopic-like inflammatory skin diseases by invading into the follicular opening of erupting hair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Klufa
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Thomas Bauer
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Buck Hanson
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Craig Herbold
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Philipp Starkl
- CeMM-Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Beate Lichtenberger
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Dagmar Srutkova
- Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Novy Hradek 549 22, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Schulz
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Igor Vujic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Institution Rudolfstiftung, Vienna 1030, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Klemens Rappersberger
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical Institution Rudolfstiftung, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Bernd Bodenmiller
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Hana Kozakova
- Laboratory of Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Novy Hradek 549 22, Czech Republic
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- CeMM-Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Alexander Loy
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Baker NC, Sipes NS, Franzosa J, Belair DG, Abbott BD, Judson RS, Knudsen TB. Characterizing cleft palate toxicants using ToxCast data, chemical structure, and the biomedical literature. Birth Defects Res 2019; 112:19-39. [PMID: 31471948 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cleft palate has been linked to both genetic and environmental factors that perturb key events during palatal morphogenesis. As a developmental outcome, it presents a challenging, mechanistically complex endpoint for predictive modeling. A data set of 500 chemicals evaluated for their ability to induce cleft palate in animal prenatal developmental studies was compiled from Toxicity Reference Database and the biomedical literature, which included 63 cleft palate active and 437 inactive chemicals. To characterize the potential molecular targets for chemical-induced cleft palate, we mined the ToxCast high-throughput screening database for patterns and linkages in bioactivity profiles and chemical structural descriptors. ToxCast assay results were filtered for cytotoxicity and grouped by target gene activity to produce a "gene score." Following unsuccessful attempts to derive a global prediction model using structural and gene score descriptors, hierarchical clustering was applied to the set of 63 cleft palate positives to extract local structure-bioactivity clusters for follow-up study. Patterns of enrichment were confirmed on the complete data set, that is, including cleft palate inactives, and putative molecular initiating events identified. The clusters corresponded to ToxCast assays for cytochrome P450s, G-protein coupled receptors, retinoic acid receptors, the glucocorticoid receptor, and tyrosine kinases/phosphatases. These patterns and linkages were organized into preliminary decision trees and the resulting inferences were mapped to a putative adverse outcome pathway framework for cleft palate supported by literature evidence of current mechanistic understanding. This general data-driven approach offers a promising avenue for mining chemical-bioassay drivers of complex developmental endpoints where data are often limited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nisha S Sipes
- NIEHS Division of the National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Jill Franzosa
- IOAA CSS, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - David G Belair
- NHEERL, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Barbara D Abbott
- NHEERL, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Richard S Judson
- National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Thomas B Knudsen
- National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Varón-González C, Pallares LF, Debat V, Navarro N. Mouse Skull Mean Shape and Shape Robustness Rely on Different Genetic Architectures and Different Loci. Front Genet 2019; 10:64. [PMID: 30809244 PMCID: PMC6379267 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic architecture of skull shape has been extensively studied in mice and the results suggest a highly polygenic and additive basis. In contrast few studies have explored the genetic basis of the skull variability. Canalization and developmental stability are the two components of phenotypic robustness. They have been proposed to be emergent properties of the genetic networks underlying the development of the trait itself, but this hypothesis has been rarely tested empirically. Here we use outbred mice to investigate the genetic architecture of canalization of the skull shape by implementing a genome-wide marginal epistatic test on 3D geometric morphometric data. The same data set had been used previously to explore the genetic architecture of the skull mean shape and its developmental stability. Here, we address two questions: (1) Are changes in mean shape and changes in shape variance associated with the same genomic regions? and (2) Do canalization and developmental stability rely on the same loci and genetic architecture and do they involve the same patterns of shape variation? We found that unlike skull mean shape, among-individual shape variance and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) show a total lack of additive effects. They are both associated with complex networks of epistatic interactions involving many genes (protein-coding and regulatory elements). Remarkably, none of the genomic loci affecting mean shape contribute these networks despite their enrichment for genes involved in craniofacial variation and diseases. We also found that the patterns of shape FA and individual variation are largely similar and rely on similar multilocus epistatic genetic networks, suggesting that the processes channeling variation within and among individuals are largely common. However, the loci involved in these two networks are completely different. This in turn underlines the difference in the origin of the variation at these two levels, and points at buffering processes that may be specific to each level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ceferino Varón-González
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB – UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, UA, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
- Biogéosciences, UMR 6282 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Luisa F. Pallares
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Vincent Debat
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB – UMR 7205 – CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, UA, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Navarro
- Biogéosciences, UMR 6282 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- EPHE, PSL University, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li B, Ma L, Zhang C, Zhou Z, Yuan H, Jiang H, Pan Y, Tan Q. Associations of genetic variants in endocytic trafficking of epidermal growth factor receptor super pathway with risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 6:1157-1167. [PMID: 30411541 PMCID: PMC6305670 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic etiology of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) has not been fully clarified to date. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was reportedly involved in its biological establishment and regulation of cell migration during the embryonic stage. METHODS We selected a super pathway of endocytic trafficking of EGFR and investigated the associations of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the super pathway with the risk of NSCL/P by analyzing our published genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from 504 NSCL/P individuals and 455 controls. After the false discovery rate (FDR) control, we conducted linkage disequilibrium (LD) analyses and conditional regression analyses to obtain independent lead SNPs. We performed LD analyses between the lead SNPs and the reported SNPs to find novel ones from our study. We annotated the lead SNPs and investigated their mapped genes in silico. RESULTS A total of 82 SNPs showed a statistical association with the risk of NSCL/P after FDR control. They contained three reported SNPs which were g.117068049G>A (rs7078160), g.117086783C>G (rs10886040), and g.117101266G>T (rs17095681). Four independent lead SNPs were obtained, including g.116979803 T>C (rs1905539) and g.117037960A>G (rs7902502) at 10q25.3, g.35720163G>C (rs75656820) at 17q12, and g.156864512G>A (rs1800877) at 1q23.1. Three of them were in low LD (r2 < 0.5) with the reported SNPs except g.117037960A>G (rs7902502), so these three were newly identified. Lead SNPs were mapped to three genes: SHTN1, AP2B1, and NTRK1. The three genes were relatively more highly expressed in the human craniofacial region and in the proximal maxillary location during the craniofacial development stage of the embryonic mouse. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that SHTN1, AP2B1, and NTRK1 might be associated with the development of NSCL/P.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixuan Zhou
- Department of Polyclinic, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Tan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Robson JP, Wagner B, Glitzner E, Heppner FL, Steinkellner T, Khan D, Petritsch C, Pollak DD, Sitte HH, Sibilia M. Impaired neural stem cell expansion and hypersensitivity to epileptic seizures in mice lacking the EGFR in the brain. FEBS J 2018; 285:3175-3196. [PMID: 30028091 PMCID: PMC6174950 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mice lacking the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) develop an early postnatal degeneration of the frontal cortex and olfactory bulbs and show increased cortical astrocyte apoptosis. The poor health and early lethality of EGFR−/− mice prevented the analysis of mechanisms responsible for the neurodegeneration and function of the EGFR in the adult brain. Here, we show that postnatal EGFR‐deficient neural stem cells are impaired in their self‐renewal potential and lack clonal expansion capacity in vitro. Mice lacking the EGFR in the brain (EGFRΔbrain) show low penetrance of cortical degeneration compared to EGFR−/− mice despite genetic recombination of the conditional allele. Adult EGFRΔ mice establish a proper blood–brain barrier and perform reactive astrogliosis in response to mechanical and infectious brain injury, but are more sensitive to Kainic acid‐induced epileptic seizures. EGFR‐deficient cortical astrocytes, but not midbrain astrocytes, have reduced expression of glutamate transporters Glt1 and Glast, and show reduced glutamate uptake in vitro, illustrating an excitotoxic mechanism to explain the hypersensitivity to Kainic acid and region‐specific neurodegeneration observed in EGFR‐deficient brains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Robson
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Bettina Wagner
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Glitzner
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Frank L Heppner
- Department of Neuropathology, Cluster of Excellence, NeuroCure, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Steinkellner
- Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Deeba Khan
- Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Petritsch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UCSF Broad Institute of Regeneration Medicine, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daniela D Pollak
- Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald H Sitte
- Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tarr JT, Lambi AG, Bradley JP, Barbe MF, Popoff SN. Development of Normal and Cleft Palate: A Central Role for Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF)/CCN2. J Dev Biol 2018; 6:jdb6030018. [PMID: 30029495 PMCID: PMC6162467 DOI: 10.3390/jdb6030018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of the palate is the result of an organized series of events that require exquisite spatial and temporal regulation at the cellular level. There are a myriad of growth factors, receptors and signaling pathways that have been shown to play an important role in growth, elevation and/or fusion of the palatal shelves. Altered expression or activation of a number of these factors, receptors and signaling pathways have been shown to cause cleft palate in humans or mice with varying degrees of penetrance. This review will focus on connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) or CCN2, which was recently shown to play an essential role in formation of the secondary palate. Specifically, the absence of CCN2 in KO mice results in defective cellular processes that contribute to failure of palatal shelf growth, elevation and/or fusion. CCN2 is unique in that it has been shown to interact with a number of other factors important for palate development, including bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), epidermal growth factor (EGF), Wnt proteins and transforming growth factor-βs (TGF-βs), thereby influencing their ability to bind to their receptors and mediate intracellular signaling. The role that these factors play in palate development and their specific interactions with CCN2 will also be reviewed. Future studies to elucidate the precise mechanisms of action for CCN2 and its interactions with other regulatory proteins during palatogenesis are expected to provide novel information with the potential for development of new pharmacologic or genetic treatment strategies for clinical intervention of cleft palate during development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Tarr
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | - Alex G Lambi
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - James P Bradley
- Northwell Health Surgical Service Line, Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine, Lake Success, NY 11042, USA.
| | - Mary F Barbe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | - Steven N Popoff
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zengini E, Hatzikotoulas K, Tachmazidou I, Steinberg J, Hartwig FP, Southam L, Hackinger S, Boer CG, Styrkarsdottir U, Gilly A, Suveges D, Killian B, Ingvarsson T, Jonsson H, Babis GC, McCaskie A, Uitterlinden AG, van Meurs JBJ, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stefansson K, Davey Smith G, Wilkinson JM, Zeggini E. Genome-wide analyses using UK Biobank data provide insights into the genetic architecture of osteoarthritis. Nat Genet 2018; 50:549-558. [PMID: 29559693 PMCID: PMC5896734 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0079-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a common complex disease imposing a large public-health burden. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study for osteoarthritis, using data across 16.5 million variants from the UK Biobank resource. After performing replication and meta-analysis in up to 30,727 cases and 297,191 controls, we identified nine new osteoarthritis loci, in all of which the most likely causal variant was noncoding. For three loci, we detected association with biologically relevant radiographic endophenotypes, and in five signals we identified genes that were differentially expressed in degraded compared with intact articular cartilage from patients with osteoarthritis. We established causal effects on osteoarthritis for higher body mass index but not for triglyceride levels or genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Zengini
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- 5th Psychiatric Department, Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Ioanna Tachmazidou
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- GSK, R&D Target Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
| | - Julia Steinberg
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fernando P Hartwig
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Cindy G Boer
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Arthur Gilly
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Daniel Suveges
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Britt Killian
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Thorvaldur Ingvarsson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Akureyri Hospital, Akureyri, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Institution of Health Science, University of Akureyri, Akureyri, Iceland
| | - Helgi Jonsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali, National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - George C Babis
- 2nd Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Konstantopouleio General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andrew McCaskie
- Division of Trauma & Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - George Davey Smith
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research, Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol, NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jeremy M Wilkinson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hardesty JE, Al-Eryani L, Wahlang B, Falkner KC, Shi H, Jin J, Vivace BJ, Ceresa BP, Prough RA, Cave MC. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Disruption by Endocrine and Metabolic Disrupting Chemicals. Toxicol Sci 2018; 162:622-634. [PMID: 29329451 PMCID: PMC5888991 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify an environmentally relevant shared receptor target for endocrine and metabolism disrupting chemical pollutants. A feature of the tested chemicals was that they induced Cyp2b10 in vivo implicating activation of the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR). Recent studies suggest that these compounds could be indirect CAR activators via epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition. Assays included a CAR activity reporter assay, EGF endocytosis assay, and EGFR phosphorylation assay. Docking simulations were used to identify putative binding sites for environmental chemicals on the EGFR. Whole-weight and lipid-adjusted serum mean pollutant exposures were determined using data from the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES) and compared with the IC50 values determined in vitro. Chlordane, trans-nonachlor, PCB-126, PCB-153, and atrazine were the most potent EGFR inhibitors tested. PCB-126, PCB-153, and trans-nonachlor appeared to be competitive EGFR antagonists as they displaced bound EGF from EGFR. However, atrazine acted through a different mechanism and could be an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. EGFR inhibition relative effect potencies were determined for these compounds. In NHANES, serum concentrations of trans-nonachlor, PCB-126, and PCB-153 greatly exceeded their calculated IC50 values. A common mechanism of action through EGFR inhibition for three diverse classes of metabolic disrupting chemicals was characterized by measuring inhibition of EGFR phosphorylation and EGF-EGFR endocytosis. Based on NHANES data, EGFR inhibition may be an environmentally relevant mode of action for some PCBs, pesticides, and herbicides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Banrida Wahlang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | - K Cameron Falkner
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | | | - Jian Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
| | - Brad J Vivace
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| | | | | | - Matthew C Cave
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
- The Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky 40206
- The Jewish Hospital Liver Transplant Program, Louisville, Kentucky 40202
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zeiger JS, Beaty TH, Liang KY. Oral Clefts, Maternal Smoking, and TGFA: A Meta-Analysis of Gene-Environment Interaction. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2017; 42:58-63. [PMID: 15643916 DOI: 10.1597/02-128.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A meta-analysis was performed to examine the association among maternal cigarette smoking, infant genotype at the Taq1 site in the transforming growth factor α (TGFA) locus, and risk of nonsyndromic oral clefts, both cleft palate (CP) and cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P). Design Five published case-control studies were included in the meta-analyis. Pooled Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. Gene-environment interaction was also assessed by using the pooled data in a case-only analysis and polytomous logistic regression. Results Among nonsmoking mothers, there was no evidence of any increased risk for CP if the infant carried the TGFA Taq1 C2 allele. If the mother reported smoking, however, there was an overall increased risk for CP if the infant carried the C2 allele (ORsmokers = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.22 to 3.10). TGFA genotype did not increase risk to CL/P, regardless of maternal smoking status. Polytomous logistic regression revealed a significant overall smoking effect for CL/P (OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.33 to 2.02) and CP (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.90). Conclusions While maternal smoking was a consistent risk factor for both CL/P and CP across all studies, the suggestive evidence for gene-environment interaction between the infant's genotype at the Taq1 marker in TGFA and maternal smoking was limited to CP. Furthermore, evidence for such gene-environment interaction was strongest in a case-control study drawn from a birth defect registry where infants with non-cleft defects served as controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna S Zeiger
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Belair DG, Wolf CJ, Wood C, Ren H, Grindstaff R, Padgett W, Swank A, MacMillan D, Fisher A, Winnik W, Abbott BD. Engineering human cell spheroids to model embryonic tissue fusion in vitro. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184155. [PMID: 28898253 PMCID: PMC5595299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions drive embryonic fusion events during development, and perturbations of these interactions can result in birth defects. Cleft palate and neural tube defects can result from genetic defects or environmental exposures during development, yet very little is known about the effect of chemical exposures on fusion events during human development because of a lack of relevant and robust human in vitro assays of developmental fusion behavior. Given the etiology and prevalence of cleft palate and the relatively simple architecture and composition of the embryonic palate, we sought to develop a three-dimensional culture system that mimics the embryonic palate and could be used to study fusion behavior in vitro using human cells. We engineered size-controlled human Wharton’s Jelly stromal cell (HWJSC) spheroids and established that 7 days of culture in osteogenesis differentiation medium was sufficient to promote an osteogenic phenotype consistent with embryonic palatal mesenchyme. HWJSC spheroids supported the attachment of human epidermal keratinocyte progenitor cells (HPEKp) on the outer spheroid surface likely through deposition of collagens I and IV, fibronectin, and laminin by mesenchymal spheroids. HWJSC spheroids coated in HPEKp cells exhibited fusion behavior in culture, as indicated by the removal of epithelial cells from the seams between spheroids, that was dependent on epidermal growth factor signaling and fibroblast growth factor signaling in agreement with palate fusion literature. The method described here may broadly apply to the generation of three-dimensional epithelial-mesenchymal co-cultures to study developmental fusion events in a format that is amenable to predictive toxicology applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David G. Belair
- Toxicity Assessment Division, US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Cynthia J. Wolf
- Toxicity Assessment Division, US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Carmen Wood
- Toxicity Assessment Division, US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Hongzu Ren
- Research Cores Unit, US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rachel Grindstaff
- Research Cores Unit, US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - William Padgett
- Research Cores Unit, US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Adam Swank
- Research Cores Unit, US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Denise MacMillan
- Research Cores Unit, US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Anna Fisher
- Research Cores Unit, US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Witold Winnik
- Research Cores Unit, US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Barbara D. Abbott
- Toxicity Assessment Division, US EPA, Office of Research and Development, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Studying Nonproliferative Roles for Egfr Signaling in Tissue Morphogenesis Using Dorsal Closure of the Drosophila Embryo. Methods Mol Biol 2017. [PMID: 28791646 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7219-7_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
For several decades, genetic analysis in Drosophila has made important contributions to the understanding of signaling by Egfr. Egfr has been well characterized with regard to its oncogenic potential but is also being studied for its roles in organismal development. We have recently developed dorsal closure of the Drosophila embryo as a system for characterizing Egfr regulation of events that do not involve proliferation, as no cell divisions occur during this process. Dorsal closure is essentially a developmental wound healing event with parallels to vertebrate developmental epithelial fusions such as neural tube closure and palate fusion. We describe here a set of materials and protocols for studying Egfr signaling during dorsal closure, including assessing effects of altering Egfr signaling on other pathways, gene expression and, using live imaging, morphogenesis and programmed cell death. Although this "tool kit" is designed for looking at Egfr, it can be readily adapted to look at the participation of any signaling molecule in dorsal closure.
Collapse
|
36
|
Li H, You L, Xie J, Pan H, Han W. The roles of subcellularly located EGFR in autophagy. Cell Signal 2017; 35:223-230. [PMID: 28428083 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a well-studied receptor-tyrosine kinase that serves vital roles in regulation of organ development and cancer progression. EGFR not only exists on the plasma membrane, but also widely expressed in the nucleus, endosomes, and mitochondria. Most recently, several lines of evidences indicated that autophagy is regulated by EGFR in kinase-active and -independent manners. In this review, we summarized recent advances in our understanding of the functions of different subcellularly located EGFR on autophagy. Specifically, plasma membrane- and cytoplasm-located EGFR (pcEGFR) acts as a tyrosine kinase to regulate autophagy via the PI3K/AKT1/mTOR, RAS/MAPK1/3, and STAT3 signaling pathways. The kinase-independent function of pcEGFR inhibits autophagy by maintaining SLC5A1-regulated intracellular glucose level. Endosome-located EGFR phosphorylates and inhibits Beclin1 to suppress autophagy, while kinase-independent endosome-located EGFR releases Beclin1 from the Rubicon-Beclin1 complex to increase autophagy. Additionally, the nuclear EGFR activates PRKDC/PNPase/MYC signaling to inhibit autophagy. Although the role of mitochondria-located EGFR in autophagy is largely unexplored, the production of ATP and reactive oxygen species mediated by mitochondrial dynamics is most likely to influence autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongsen Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liangkun You
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiansheng Xie
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
François C, Poli-Merol ML, Tournois C, Cornillet-Lefebvre P, Guillard T, Djerada Z, Doco Fenzy M, Nguyen P. New in vivo model to analyse the expression of angiogenic genes in the borders of a cleft lip. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 55:488-495. [PMID: 28285730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Defects in the fusion of facial buds can result from an anomaly in tissue development or apoptosis, or both. Our working hypothesis was that anomalies in the development of tissues could be caused by a genetic angiogenic defect. Our main objective was to design a reproducible experimental model to study the expression of angiogenic genes in the borders of cleft lips with or without cleft palate. We therefore prospectively studied seven non-syndromic patients, three with a cleft lip (2 right, 1 left), and four with a cleft lip and palate (1 bilateral, 2 right, 1 left), with no CGH (comparative genomic hybridisation) array, who had primary operations to repair their clefts. We also used four controls (cultured fibroblasts from healthy skin samples). The mean (range) age at operation was 44 (13-77) days. We studied the lateral and medial borders histologically and did qPCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) analysis for gene expression with 22 genes of interest (and two housekeeping genes) involved in cleft lip and angiogenesis. The qPCR analysis found significant (p<0.05) overexpression of eight genes in the medial border and seven in the lateral border, and underexpression of nine genes in the medial, and ten in the lateral border. The difference in expression between the two borders was not significant. This preliminary study has enabled us to develop a new method to analyse the expression of angiogenic genes in the borders of cleft lips.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C François
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Esthetic Surgery, Hopital Maison Blanche, CHU Reims, 45 rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France; Department of Pediatric Surgery, American Memorial Hospital, CHU Reims, 47 rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France; EA 3801 Laboratory, Champagne Ardenne University, SFR CAP santé Reims-Amiens, 41 rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France; Investigator Local Tender Process-Non Pharmacological Research Protocol AOL 2010 CHU of Reims, France.
| | - M L Poli-Merol
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, American Memorial Hospital, CHU Reims, 47 rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - C Tournois
- EA 3801 Laboratory, Champagne Ardenne University, SFR CAP santé Reims-Amiens, 41 rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - P Cornillet-Lefebvre
- EA 3801 Laboratory, Champagne Ardenne University, SFR CAP santé Reims-Amiens, 41 rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France; Department of Hematology, Hopital Robert Debré, CHU Reims, Rue du general Koening, 51100 Reims, France
| | - T Guillard
- Laboratory of Bacteriology-Virology-Hygiene, CHU Reims, Hôpital Robert Debré, Rue du general Koening, 51092 Reims, France; EA 4687 Laboratory, Champagne Ardenne University, SFR CAP santé Reims-Amiens, 41 rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Z Djerada
- EA 3801 Laboratory, Champagne Ardenne University, SFR CAP santé Reims-Amiens, 41 rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France; Laboratory of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Hopital Maison Blanche, 45 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - M Doco Fenzy
- EA 3801 Laboratory, Champagne Ardenne University, SFR CAP santé Reims-Amiens, 41 rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France; Genetics Department, Hôpital Maison Blanche, CHU Reims, 45 Rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France
| | - P Nguyen
- EA 3801 Laboratory, Champagne Ardenne University, SFR CAP santé Reims-Amiens, 41 rue Cognacq Jay, 51100 Reims, France; Department of Hematology, Hopital Robert Debré, CHU Reims, Rue du general Koening, 51100 Reims, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hutson MS, Leung MCK, Baker NC, Spencer RM, Knudsen TB. Computational Model of Secondary Palate Fusion and Disruption. Chem Res Toxicol 2017; 30:965-979. [PMID: 28045533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Morphogenetic events are driven by cell-generated physical forces and complex cellular dynamics. To improve our capacity to predict developmental effects from chemical-induced cellular alterations, we built a multicellular agent-based model in CompuCell3D that recapitulates the cellular networks and collective cell behavior underlying growth and fusion of the mammalian secondary palate. The model incorporated multiple signaling pathways (TGFβ, BMP, FGF, EGF, and SHH) in a biological framework to recapitulate morphogenetic events from palatal outgrowth through midline fusion. It effectively simulated higher-level phenotypes (e.g., midline contact, medial edge seam (MES) breakdown, mesenchymal confluence, and fusion defects) in response to genetic or environmental perturbations. Perturbation analysis of various control features revealed model functionality with respect to cell signaling systems and feedback loops for growth and fusion, diverse individual cell behaviors and collective cellular behavior leading to physical contact and midline fusion, and quantitative analysis of the TGF/EGF switch that controls MES breakdown-a key event in morphogenetic fusion. The virtual palate model was then executed with theoretical chemical perturbation scenarios to simulate switch behavior leading to a disruption of fusion following chronic (e.g., dioxin) and acute (e.g., retinoic acid) chemical exposures. This computer model adds to similar systems models toward an integrative "virtual embryo" for simulation and quantitative prediction of adverse developmental outcomes following genetic perturbation and/or environmental disruption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Shane Hutson
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Department of Biological Sciences and Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystem Research & Education, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science & Education , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37832, United States
| | - Maxwell C K Leung
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science & Education , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37832, United States
| | - Nancy C Baker
- Leidos , Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina 27711 United States
| | - Richard M Spencer
- Leidos , Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina 27711 United States
| | - Thomas B Knudsen
- National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research & Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina 27711, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jiang J, Bertol JW, Fakhouri WD. Mandibular Explant Assay for Investigating Extrinsic Stimuli on Bone and Cartilage Development. Bio Protoc 2017; 7:e2641. [PMID: 29302607 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.2641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A major issue in developmental biology is to determine how embryonic tissues respond to molecular signals in a timely manner and given the position-restricted instructions during morphogenesis, of which Meckel's cartilage is a classical example. The ex-vivo explant model is a practical and convenient system that allows investigation of bone and cartilage responses to specific stimuli under a controlled manner that closely mimics the in vivo conditions. In this protocol, the explant model was applied to test whether Meckel's cartilage and surrounding tissues are responsive to the Endothelin1 (Edn1) signaling molecule and whether it would rescue the phenotype of genetic mutations. The system allows a high degree of manipulation in terms of the concentrations of exogenous compounds added to the explant, time points with regards to measuring mandibular development, and the method of application of exogenous molecules and teratogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Jiang
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessica W Bertol
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Walid D Fakhouri
- Center for Craniofacial Research, Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
EGFR signaling is critical for maintaining the superficial layer of articular cartilage and preventing osteoarthritis initiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:14360-14365. [PMID: 27911782 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1608938113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease, characterized by progressive destruction of the articular cartilage. The surface of joint cartilage is the first defensive and affected site of OA, but our knowledge of genesis and homeostasis of this superficial zone is scarce. EGFR signaling is important for tissue homeostasis. Immunostaining revealed that its activity is mostly dominant in the superficial layer of healthy cartilage but greatly diminished when OA initiates. To evaluate the role of EGFR signaling in the articular cartilage, we studied a cartilage-specific Egfr-deficient (CKO) mouse model (Col2-Cre EgfrWa5/flox). These mice developed early cartilage degeneration at 6 mo of age. By 2 mo of age, although their gross cartilage morphology appears normal, CKO mice had a drastically reduced number of superficial chondrocytes and decreased lubricant secretion at the surface. Using superficial chondrocyte and cartilage explant cultures, we demonstrated that EGFR signaling is critical for maintaining the number and properties of superficial chondrocytes, promoting chondrogenic proteoglycan 4 (Prg4) expression, and stimulating the lubrication function of the cartilage surface. In addition, EGFR deficiency greatly disorganized collagen fibrils in articular cartilage and strikingly reduced cartilage surface modulus. After surgical induction of OA at 3 mo of age, CKO mice quickly developed the most severe OA phenotype, including a complete loss of cartilage, extremely high surface modulus, subchondral bone plate thickening, and elevated joint pain. Taken together, our studies establish EGFR signaling as an important regulator of the superficial layer during articular cartilage development and OA initiation.
Collapse
|
41
|
Ahi EP. Signalling pathways in trophic skeletal development and morphogenesis: Insights from studies on teleost fish. Dev Biol 2016; 420:11-31. [PMID: 27713057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During the development of the vertebrate feeding apparatus, a variety of complicated cellular and molecular processes participate in the formation and integration of individual skeletal elements. The molecular mechanisms regulating the formation of skeletal primordia and their development into specific morphological structures are tightly controlled by a set of interconnected signalling pathways. Some of these pathways, such as Bmp, Hedgehog, Notch and Wnt, are long known for their pivotal roles in craniofacial skeletogenesis. Studies addressing the functional details of their components and downstream targets, the mechanisms of their interactions with other signals as well as their potential roles in adaptive morphological divergence, are currently attracting considerable attention. An increasing number of signalling pathways that had previously been described in different biological contexts have been shown to be important in the regulation of jaw skeletal development and morphogenesis. In this review, I provide an overview of signalling pathways involved in trophic skeletogenesis emphasizing studies of the most species-rich group of vertebrates, the teleost fish, which through their evolutionary history have undergone repeated episodes of spectacular trophic diversification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Pashay Ahi
- Institute of Zoology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010 Graz, Austria; Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Puls F, Hofvander J, Magnusson L, Nilsson J, Haywood E, Sumathi VP, Mangham DC, Kindblom LG, Mertens F. FN1-EGF gene fusions are recurrent in calcifying aponeurotic fibroma. J Pathol 2016; 238:502-7. [PMID: 26691015 DOI: 10.1002/path.4683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma (CAF) is a soft tissue neoplasm with a predilection for the hands and feet in children and adolescents. Its molecular basis is unknown. We used chromosome banding analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), mRNA sequencing (RNA-seq), RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry to characterize a series of CAFs. An insertion ins(2;4)(q35;q25q?) was identified in the index case. Fusion of the FN1 and EGF genes, mapping to the breakpoint regions on chromosomes 2 and 4, respectively, was detected by RNA-seq and confirmed by RT-PCR in the index case and two additional cases. FISH on five additional tumours identified FN1-EGF fusions in all cases. CAFs analysed by RT-PCR showed that FN1 exon 23, 27 or 42 was fused to EGF exon 17 or 19. High-level expression of the entire FN1 gene in CAF suggests that strong FN1 promoter activity drives inappropriate expression of the biologically active portion of EGF, which was detected immunohistochemically in 8/9 cases. The FN1-EGF fusion, which has not been observed in any other neoplasm, appears to be the main driver mutation in CAF. Although further functional studies are required to understand the exact pathogenesis of CAF, the composition of the chimera suggests an autocrine/paracrine mechanism of transformation. Copyright © 2015 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Puls
- Department of Musculoskeletal Pathology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jakob Hofvander
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Linda Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Elaine Haywood
- Department of Musculoskeletal Pathology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vaiyapuri P Sumathi
- Department of Musculoskeletal Pathology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Chas Mangham
- Department of Musculoskeletal Pathology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Histopathology, Robert Jones & Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, UK
| | - Lars-Gunnar Kindblom
- Department of Musculoskeletal Pathology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fredrik Mertens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University and Regional Laboratories, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nik AM, Johansson JA, Ghiami M, Reyahi A, Carlsson P. Foxf2 is required for secondary palate development and Tgfβ signaling in palatal shelf mesenchyme. Dev Biol 2016; 415:14-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
44
|
Transferrin receptor facilitates TGF-β and BMP signaling activation to control craniofacial morphogenesis. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2282. [PMID: 27362800 PMCID: PMC5108332 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The Pierre Robin Sequence (PRS), consisting of cleft palate, glossoptosis and micrognathia, is a common human birth defect. However, how this abnormality occurs remains largely unknown. Here we report that neural crest cell (NCC)-specific knockout of transferrin receptor (Tfrc), a well known transferrin transporter protein, caused micrognathia, cleft palate, severe respiratory distress and inability to suckle in mice, which highly resemble human PRS. Histological and anatomical analysis revealed that the cleft palate is due to the failure of palatal shelves elevation that resulted from a retarded extension of Meckel's cartilage. Interestingly, Tfrc deletion dramatically suppressed both transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in cranial NCCs-derived mandibular tissues, suggesting that Tfrc may act as a facilitator of these two signaling pathways during craniofacial morphogenesis. Together, our study uncovers an unknown function of Tfrc in craniofacial development and provides novel insight into the etiology of PRS.
Collapse
|
45
|
Miyamoto S, Yamada M, Kasai Y, Miyauchi A, Andoh K. Anticancer drugs during pregnancy. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2016; 46:795-804. [PMID: 27284093 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyw073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer diagnoses during pregnancy are rare, they have been increasing with the rise in maternal age and are now a topic of international concern. In some cases, the administration of chemotherapy is unavoidable, though there is a relative paucity of evidence regarding the administration of anticancer drugs during pregnancy. As more cases have gradually accumulated and further research has been conducted, we are beginning to elucidate the appropriate timing for the administration of chemotherapy, the regimens that can be administered with relative safety, various drug options and the effects of these drugs on both the mother and fetus. However, new challenges have arisen, such as the effects of novel anticancer drugs and the desire to bear children during chemotherapy. In this review, we outline the effects of administering cytotoxic anticancer drugs and molecular targeted drugs to pregnant women on both the mother and fetus, as well as the issues regarding patients who desire to bear children while being treated with anticancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Miyamoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Shibuya, Tokyo
| | - Manabu Yamada
- Department of Gynecology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Kasai
- Department of Gynecology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akito Miyauchi
- Department of Gynecology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Andoh
- Department of Gynecology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lei R, Zhang K, Wei Y, Chen M, Weinstein LS, Hong Y, Zhu M, Li H, Li H. G-Protein α-Subunit Gsα Is Required for Craniofacial Morphogenesis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147535. [PMID: 26859889 PMCID: PMC4747491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterotrimeric G protein subunit Gsα couples receptors to activate adenylyl cyclase and is required for the intracellular cAMP response and protein kinase A (PKA) activation. Gsα is ubiquitously expressed in many cell types; however, the role of Gsα in neural crest cells (NCCs) remains unclear. Here we report that NCCs-specific Gsα knockout mice die within hours after birth and exhibit dramatic craniofacial malformations, including hypoplastic maxilla and mandible, cleft palate and craniofacial skeleton defects. Histological and anatomical analysis reveal that the cleft palate in Gsα knockout mice is a secondary defect resulting from craniofacial skeleton deficiencies. In Gsα knockout mice, the morphologies of NCCs-derived cranial nerves are normal, but the development of dorsal root and sympathetic ganglia are impaired. Furthermore, loss of Gsα in NCCs does not affect cranial NCCs migration or cell proliferation, but significantly accelerate osteochondrogenic differentiation. Taken together, our study suggests that Gsα is required for neural crest cells-derived craniofacial development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Run Lei
- West China Developmental & Stem Cell Institute, West China Second Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative biology, Institute of Biomedicine & Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- SARITEX Center for Stem Cell Engineering Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- West China Developmental & Stem Cell Institute, West China Second Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative biology, Institute of Biomedicine & Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- SARITEX Center for Stem Cell Engineering Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxia Wei
- West China Developmental & Stem Cell Institute, West China Second Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Chen
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lee S. Weinstein
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yang Hong
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Minyan Zhu
- SARITEX Center for Stem Cell Engineering Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongchang Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Neural Development, Laboratory of Developmental and Regenerative biology, Institute of Biomedicine & Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail: Hongchang Li (HCL); Huashun Li (HSL)
| | - Huashun Li
- West China Developmental & Stem Cell Institute, West China Second Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- SARITEX Center for Stem Cell Engineering Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: Hongchang Li (HCL); Huashun Li (HSL)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gross JB, Stahl BA, Powers AK, Carlson BM. Natural bone fragmentation in the blind cave-dwelling fish, Astyanax mexicanus: candidate gene identification through integrative comparative genomics. Evol Dev 2016; 18:7-18. [PMID: 26153732 PMCID: PMC5226847 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Animals that colonize dark and nutrient-poor subterranean environments evolve numerous extreme phenotypes. These include dramatic changes to the craniofacial complex, many of which are under genetic control. These phenotypes can demonstrate asymmetric genetic signals wherein a QTL is detected on one side of the face but not the other. The causative gene(s) underlying QTL are difficult to identify with limited genomic resources. We approached this task by searching for candidate genes mediating fragmentation of the third suborbital bone (SO3) directly inferior to the orbit of the eye. We integrated positional genomic information using emerging Astyanax resources, and linked these intervals to homologous (syntenic) regions of the Danio rerio genome. We identified a discrete, approximately 6 Mb, conserved region wherein the gene causing SO3 fragmentation likely resides. We interrogated this interval for genes demonstrating significant differential expression using mRNA-seq analysis of cave and surface morphs across life history. We then assessed genes with known roles in craniofacial evolution and development based on GO term annotation. Finally, we screened coding sequence alterations in this region, identifying two key genes: transforming growth factor β3 (tgfb3) and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (bmp4). Of these candidates, tgfb3 is most promising as it demonstrates significant differential expression across multiple stages of development, maps close (<1 Mb) to the fragmentation critical locus, and is implicated in a variety of other animal systems (including humans) in non-syndromic clefting and malformations of the cranial sutures. Both abnormalities are analogous to the failure-to-fuse phenotype that we observe in SO3 fragmentation. This integrative approach will enable discovery of the causative genetic lesions leading to complex craniofacial features analogous to human craniofacial disorders. This work underscores the value of cave-dwelling fish as a powerful evolutionary model of craniofacial disease, and demonstrates the power of integrative system-level studies for informing the genetic basis of craniofacial aberrations in nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua B. Gross
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 312 Clifton Court, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - Bethany A. Stahl
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 312 Clifton Court, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - Amanda K. Powers
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 312 Clifton Court, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - Brian M. Carlson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, 312 Clifton Court, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cvjetkovic N, Maili L, Weymouth KS, Hashmi SS, Mulliken JB, Topczewski J, Letra A, Yuan Q, Blanton SH, Swindell EC, Hecht JT. Regulatory variant in FZD6 gene contributes to nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate in an African-American family. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2015; 3:440-51. [PMID: 26436110 PMCID: PMC4585452 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP) is a common birth defect affecting 135,000 newborns worldwide each year. While a multifactorial etiology has been suggested as the cause, despite decades of research, the genetic underpinnings of NSCLP remain largely unexplained. In our previous genome-wide linkage study of a large NSCLP African-American family, we identified a candidate locus at 8q21.3-24.12 (LOD = 2.98). This region contained four genes, Frizzled-6 (FZD6), Matrilin-2 (MATN2), Odd-skipped related 2 (OSR2) and Solute Carrier Family 25, Member 32 (SLC25A32). FZD6 was located under the maximum linkage peak. In this study, we sequenced the coding and noncoding regions of these genes in two affected family members, and identified a rare variant in intron 1 of FZD6 (rs138557689; c.-153 + 432A>C). The variant C allele segregated with NSCLP in this family, through affected and unaffected individuals, and was found in one other NSCLP African-American family. Functional assays showed that this allele creates an allele-specific protein-binding site and decreases promoter activity. We also observed that loss and gain of fzd6 in zebrafish contributes to craniofacial anomalies. FZD6 regulates the WNT signaling pathway, which is involved in craniofacial development, including midfacial formation and upper labial fusion. We hypothesize, therefore, that alteration in FZD6 expression contributes to NSCLP in this family by perturbing the WNT signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nevena Cvjetkovic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School at HoustonHouston, Texas
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science CenterHouston, Texas
| | - Lorena Maili
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School at HoustonHouston, Texas
| | - Katelyn S Weymouth
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School at HoustonHouston, Texas
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science CenterHouston, Texas
| | - S Shahrukh Hashmi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School at HoustonHouston, Texas
| | | | - Jacek Topczewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago Research CenterChicago, Illinois
| | - Ariadne Letra
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science CenterHouston, Texas
- University of Texas School of Dentistry at HoustonHouston, Texas
| | - Qiuping Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School at HoustonHouston, Texas
| | - Susan H Blanton
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Department of Human Genetics, Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiami, Florida
| | - Eric C Swindell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School at HoustonHouston, Texas
| | - Jacqueline T Hecht
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School at HoustonHouston, Texas
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science CenterHouston, Texas
- University of Texas School of Dentistry at HoustonHouston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Danescu A, Mattson M, Dool C, Diewert VM, Richman JM. Analysis of human soft palate morphogenesis supports regional regulation of palatal fusion. J Anat 2015; 227:474-86. [PMID: 26299693 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
It is essential to complete palate closure at the correct time during fetal development, otherwise a serious malformation, cleft palate, will ensue. The steps in palate formation in humans take place between the 7th and 12th week and consist of outgrowth of palatal shelves from the paired maxillary prominences, reorientation of the shelves from vertical to horizontal, apposition of the medial surfaces, formation of a bilayered seam, degradation of the seam and bridging of mesenchyme. However, in the soft palate, the mechanism of closure is unclear. In previous studies it is possible to find support for both fusion and the alternative mechanism of merging. Here we densely sample the late embryonic-early fetal period between 54 and 74 days post-conception to determine the timing and mechanism of soft palate closure. We found the epithelial seam extends throughout the soft palates of 57-day specimens. Cytokeratin antibody staining detected the medial edge epithelium and distinguished clearly that cells in the midline retained their epithelial character. Compared with the hard palate, the epithelium is more rapidly degraded in the soft palate and only persists in the most posterior regions at 64 days. Our results are consistent with the soft palate following a developmentally more rapid program of fusion than the hard palate. Importantly, the two regions of the palate appear to be independently regulated and have their own internal clocks regulating the timing of seam removal. Considering data from human genetic and mouse studies, distinct anterior-posterior signaling mechanisms are likely to be at play in the human fetal palate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Danescu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Melanie Mattson
- Faculty of Dentistry, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Carly Dool
- Faculty of Dentistry, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Virginia M Diewert
- Faculty of Dentistry, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joy M Richman
- Faculty of Dentistry, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Mesenchymal signaling in dorsoventral differentiation of palatal epithelium. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 362:541-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2222-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|