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Zhu CK, Mija LA, Conte S, Ghezelbash S, Nallanathan B, Fortier-Riberdy G, Redpath M, Lefrançois P. Clinical, Dermoscopic, and Molecular Features of Acantholytic Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2905. [PMID: 39199675 PMCID: PMC11352210 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma (aSCC) is a rare clinicopathological subtype of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, accounting for approximately 4.9% of all SCC cases. However, there are currently no standardized criteria for the diagnosis of aSCC. This systematic review is the first to summarize the clinical and molecular features of aSCC. METHODS A systematic search of Medline, Embase, Scopus, and PubMed was performed. All articles in English or French were included, with no restriction of publication date. All articles with original data pertaining to clinical or molecular characteristics of aSCC were included. Two reviewers screened articles and resolved conflicts. RESULTS Our systematic review included 52 studies on the clinical and molecular features of aSCC, including a total of 482 patients (76% male, mean age at diagnosis 68.9 years): 430 cases assessed clinical features, while 149 cases assessed molecular features. The most common location of aSCC was the head and neck (n = 329/430; 76.5%). In terms of morphology, most lesions were described as nodules (n = 93/430, 21.6%), with common surface changes being hyperkeratosis (n = 6), erosion (n = 6), ulceration (n = 5), and crusting (n = 3). With regard to dermoscopy, only six cases were noted in the literature, including findings such as ulceration (n = 3), keratin clots (n = 2), and erosions (n = 2). Thirty-four studies discussed the molecular markers of aSCC, with the most prevalent markers being cytokeratins. CD15 negativity was noted in 23 cases, while common endothelial vascular markers such as CD34 (n = 16), CD31 (n = 15), factor VIII-related antigen (n = 10), and ERG (n = 1) were often not expressed. Finally, expression of intracellular adhesion molecules (i.e., E-cadherin, CD138) was markedly decreased compared to non-acantholytic invasive SCC. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review summarizes the clinical characteristics and molecular features of aSCC. As clinical differentiation can be difficult, clinicopathological correlation with molecular markers may help ensure proper diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Keying Zhu
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; (C.K.Z.); (S.C.)
| | | | - Santina Conte
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; (C.K.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Sarah Ghezelbash
- Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; (S.G.); (B.N.)
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Bonika Nallanathan
- Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; (S.G.); (B.N.)
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Geneviève Fortier-Riberdy
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Margaret Redpath
- Department of Pathology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada;
| | - Philippe Lefrançois
- Cancer Axis, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; (S.G.); (B.N.)
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
- Division of Surgical & Interventional Sciences, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
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Mastronikolis NS, Kyrodimos E, Piperigkou Z, Spyropoulou D, Delides A, Giotakis E, Alexopoulou M, Bakalis NA, Karamanos NK. Matrix-based molecular mechanisms, targeting and diagnostics in oral squamous cell carcinoma. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:368-382. [PMID: 38168122 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a head and neck cancer (HNC) with a high mortality rate. OSCC is developed in the oral cavity and it is triggered by many etiologic factors and can metastasize both regionally and distantly. Recent research advances in OSCC improved our understanding on the molecular mechanisms involved in and the initiation of OSCC metastasis. The key roles of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in OSCC are an emerging area of intensive research as the ECM macromolecular network is actively involved in events that regulate cellular morphological and functional properties, transcription and cell signaling mechanisms in invasion and metastasis. The provisional matrix that is formed by cancer cells is profoundly different in composition and functions as compared with the matrix of normal tissue. Fibroblasts are mainly responsible for matrix production and remodeling, but in cancer, the tumor matrix in the tumor microenvironment (TME) also originates from cancer cells. Even though extensive research has been conducted on the role of ECM in regulating cancer pathogenesis, its role in modulating OSCC is less elucidated since there are several issues yet to be fully understood. This critical review is focused on recent research as to present and discuss on the involvement of ECM macromolecular effectors (i.e., proteoglycans, integrins, matrix metalloproteinases) in OSCC development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Mastronikolis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Ippokrateion' General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Alexander Delides
- 2nd Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Giotakis
- 1st Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Ippokrateion' General Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- 2nd Otolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Miranda Alexopoulou
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Nick A Bakalis
- Department of Nursing, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)/Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Patras, Greece
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Katayama S, Koga K, Fujimoto M, Matsuzaki I, Nabeshima K, Imafuku S, Hamasaki M. Expression of laminin332 γ2 at the invasive front is associated with tumor budding and poor prognosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Dermatol 2023; 50:1585-1593. [PMID: 37752805 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Laminin332 is a glycoprotein consisting of α3/β3/γ2 chains, of which the γ2 chain (Ln-γ2) is expressed in tumor cells at the invasive front in many types of malignant tumors. We have previously reported that Ln-γ2 is associated with tumor invasion of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in vivo and in vitro. Recently, tumor budding (TB; invasion patterns in small clusters of less than five cancer cells in the stroma at the invasive front) has been reported to be a risk factor for lymph node metastasis in cSCC. Based on these findings, we speculated that expression of Ln-γ2 is related to TB in cSCC and would be an invasive factor that causes lymph node metastasis. In this study, we investigated the relationship between Ln-γ2 expression and clinicopathological findings, including TB, in 102 cases of cSCC using immunohistochemistry. The results showed that high expression of Ln-γ2 at the invasive front correlated with a high TB score. In addition, high Ln-γ2 expression at the invasive front was also associated with lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, and poor prognosis (death or recurrence), as in TB. Furthermore, we showed a positive association between Ln-γ2 expression at the invasive front and Yes-associated protein (YAP) expression in the Hippo pathway. Our results suggest that Ln-γ2 expression at the invasive front may have a role in TB formation via YAP and contribute to prognosis by causing lymphatic invasion and lymph node metastasis. The expression of Ln-γ2 would be useful for risk assessment of lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in routine practice of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Katayama
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University Hospital and School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaori Koga
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University Hospital and School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masakazu Fujimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ibu Matsuzaki
- Department of Human Pathology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nabeshima
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Pathological Diagnosis Center, Fukuoka Tokushukai Hospital, Kasuga, Japan
| | - Shinichi Imafuku
- Department of Dermatology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Hamasaki
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University Hospital and School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Fromme JE, Zigrino P. The Role of Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Skin Tumor Progression and Therapeutic Resistance. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:864302. [PMID: 35558554 PMCID: PMC9086898 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.864302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix remodeling in the skin results from a delicate balance of synthesis and degradation of matrix components, ensuring tissue homeostasis. These processes are altered during tumor invasion and growth, generating a microenvironment that supports growth, invasion, and metastasis. Apart from the cellular component, the tumor microenvironment is rich in extracellular matrix components and bound factors that provide structure and signals to the tumor and stromal cells. The continuous remodeling in the tissue compartment sustains the developing tumor during the various phases providing matrices and proteolytic enzymes. These are produced by cancer cells and stromal fibroblasts. In addition to fostering tumor growth, the expression of specific extracellular matrix proteins and proteinases supports tumor invasion after the initial therapeutic response. Lately, the expression and structural modification of matrices were also associated with therapeutic resistance. This review will focus on the significant alterations in the extracellular matrix components and the function of metalloproteinases that influence skin cancer progression and support the acquisition of therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E. Fromme
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (MSSO ABCD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Paola Zigrino
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- *Correspondence: Paola Zigrino,
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Mu Z, Guo J, Zhang D, Xu Y, Zhou M, Guo Y, Hou Y, Gao X, Han X, Geng L. Therapeutic Effects of Shikonin on Skin Diseases: A Review. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 49:1871-1895. [PMID: 34961421 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Shikonin is one of the primary active components extracted from the dried root ofZicao (Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Onosma paniculata, or Arnebia euchroma), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Shikonin is known to not only exert anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic activities, but also play a crucial role in triggering the production of reactive oxygen species, suppressing the release of exosomes, and inducing apoptosis. Increasing evidence suggests that shikonin has a protective effect against skin diseases, including psoriasis, melanoma, and hypertrophic scars. In order to evaluate the application potential of shikonin in the treatment of skin diseases, this review is the first of its kind to provide comprehensive and up-to-date information regarding the uses of shikonin and its derivatives on skin diseases and its underlying mechanisms. In this review, we have focused on the signaling pathways and cellular targets involved in the anti-dermatosis effects of shikonin to bridge the gaps in the literature, thereby providing scientific support for the research and development of new drugs from a traditional medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Mu
- China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China.,Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, 155N, Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China.,Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36N, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China
| | - Jinrong Guo
- China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China.,Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, 155N, Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China.,Department of Dermatology, Jincheng People's Hospital, 456N, Wenchang East Street, Jincheng, Shanxi 048000, P. R. China
| | - Dongxia Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhongshan Torch Development Zone Hospital, 123N, Yixian Road, Torch Zone, Zhongshan 528400, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, 155N, Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhou
- China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China.,Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, 155N, Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China
| | - Yimeng Guo
- China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China.,Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, 155N, Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhu Hou
- China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China.,Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, 155N, Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Gao
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, 155N, Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China
| | - Xiuping Han
- Department of Dermatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36N, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China
| | - Long Geng
- Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, 155N, Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, P. R. China
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Liu M, Cai R, Wang T, Yang X, Wang M, Kuang Z, Xie Y, Zhang J, Zheng Y. LAMC2 promotes the proliferation of cancer cells and induce infiltration of macrophages in non-small cell lung cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1392. [PMID: 34733944 PMCID: PMC8506528 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent cancer worldwide. Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a very important role in the cancer development. Thus, it is urgent to find the change of TME that contributes to NSCLC carcinogenesis and progression. Methods The bioinformatics analysis approach was applied to evaluate the change of TME and screen the differentially immune cells in NSCLC tissue based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. Meanwhile, the association of differentially immune cells with tumor stage and prognosis of NSCLC was evaluated. Then, we screen the different expression genes between macrophages infiltration high group and low group. After that, the expression of LAMC2 was detected in 48 cases of NSCLC tissues and paired normal tissues. The function of LAMC2 was detected through cell experiments in vitro. Immunohistochemistry assay was used to detect the correlation between LAMC2 expression and macrophages infiltration in NSCLC tissue. LAMC2-related pathways were identified by gene set enrichment analysis. Results Compared with early stage, middle-advanced stage of NSCLC exhibited lower immune score. Macrophages were the main component of different immune cells and correlated with poor outcome. The results of immunohistochemistry indicated that the expression of LAMC2 in NSCLC tissues was higher than paired normal tissues. Down-regulation of LAMC2 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells in vitro. Overexpression of LAMC2 was positively associated with macrophages infiltration in NSCLC tissues. Inhibition of LAMC2 expression in NSCLC cells could reduce THP-1 infiltration, and LAMC2 protein could promote the infiltration of THP-1. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis results showed that high expression of LAMC2 was correlated with focal adhesion and extracellular matrix receptor interaction. Conclusions Immune suppression and macrophages infiltration were correlated with poor outcomes in NSCLC. LAMC2 promoted macrophages infiltration and extracellular matrix remolding in NSCLC. Our studies suggested an oncogenic role of LAMC2 in NSCLC progression and it perhaps serve as a potential immune therapy target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyuan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongsheng Kuang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Xie
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiren Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Amini S, Zargaran M, Moghimbeigi A. Comparative study of laminin332-γ2 chain expression in oral lichen planus and squamous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2021; 71:53-58. [PMID: 34636214 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.21.04520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Classification of oral lichen planus (OLP) as a condition with malignant potential is still controversial. One of the major properties of malignancy is invasion. Ln332-γ2 chain plays a critical role in invasive activity of cancer cells. This study aims to compare Ln332-γ2 chain expression in OLP, oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS Ln332-γ2 expression was evaluated in 16 epithelial hyperplasia with no dysplasia (group A), 16 OLP (group B), 18 OED (group C) and 18 OSCC (group D) by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Except in A group, Ln332-γ2 expression was detected in other groups. There was a significant difference in Ln332-γ2 expression among B, C and D groups as well as between B and D, C and D groups (P< 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between B and C groups (P= 0.999). CONCLUSIONS According to the findings of this study, the likelihood of similarity of OLP with premalignant dysplastic lesion can be suggested. This is not corroborating OLP definitive transformation to an OSCC. But it might be advisable that OLPs with >10% Ln332- γ2 expression may have a higher risk of cellular invasion occurrence and malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhan Amini
- School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoumeh Zargaran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran -
| | - Abbas Moghimbeigi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
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Li L, Wei JR, Dong J, Lin QG, Tang H, Jia YX, Tan W, Chen QY, Zeng TT, Xing S, Qin YR, Zhu YH, Li Y, Guan XY. Laminin γ2-mediating T cell exclusion attenuates response to anti-PD-1 therapy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/6/eabc8346. [PMID: 33536206 PMCID: PMC7857690 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc8346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapies provide notable clinical benefits for patients with advanced cancers, but the factors influencing the effectiveness of the treatment remain incompletely cataloged. Here, the up-regulation of laminin γ2 (Ln-γ2) predicted the attenuated efficacy of anti-PD-1 drugs and was associated with unfavorable outcomes in patients with lung cancer or esophageal cancer. Furthermore, Ln-γ2 was transcriptionally activated by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) secreted from cancer-associated fibroblasts via JNK/AP1 signaling, which blocked T cell infiltration into the tumor nests by altering the expression of T cell receptors. Coadministration of the TGF-β receptor inhibitor galunisertib and chemotherapy drugs provoked vigorous antitumor activity of anti-PD-1 therapy in mouse tumor models. Therefore, Ln-γ2 may represent a useful biomarker to optimize clinical decisions and predict the response of cancer patients to treatment with anti-PD-1 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 00852, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hongkong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518058, China
| | - Jia-Ru Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qing-Guang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China
| | - Yong-Xu Jia
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Wanlin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Qing-Yun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Shan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yan-Ru Qin
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ying-Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China.
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 00852, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology Center, The University of Hongkong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518058, China
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Tohmatsu Y, Imura J, Sakai T, Takagi K, Minamisaka T, Tanaka S, Noguchi A, Nakajima T, Nagata T, Makino T, Shimizu T, Fujii T. Expression of laminin-5 gamma 2 chain predicts invasion of extramammary Paget's disease cell. APMIS 2020; 129:3-8. [PMID: 32996218 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare malignant skin neoplasm characterized by intraepidermal proliferation of tumor cells. The tumor cells of EMPD may sometimes invade into the dermis or metastasize into the regional lymph nodes. Several studies have proposed mechanisms underlying the increased invasiveness of EMPD; however, molecular markers indicating invasiveness have yet to be well characterized. Laminin-5 (Lam-5), a heterotrimer composed of three chains (α3, β3, and γ2), is a major component of the basement membrane in many tissues. One of the chains, Lam-5 γ2, is a marker of invasion, because it often develops as a monomer in malignant neoplasms. We investigated the expression of Lam-5 γ2 and its role for the invasiveness in EMPD. Paraffin-embedded specimens of EMPD obtained from 36 patients were examined immunohistochemically for Lam-5 γ2. The cases adopted into this study comprised 16 cases of intraepidermal lesions and 20 cases with dermal invasion. The basement membrane seen in normal skin disappeared in one-third of non-invasive cases and in most invasive cases. The disappearance of Lam-5 γ2 in the basement membrane and its cytoplasmic expression was more observed in the invasive cases than non-invasive cases. Expression of Lam-5 γ2 may be a biological marker to predict invasiveness of EMPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuko Tohmatsu
- Departments of Surgery and Science, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama City, Japan
| | - Johji Imura
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama City, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sakai
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Niigata Prefectural Central Hospital, Johetsu City, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kohji Takagi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama City, Japan
| | - Takeshi Minamisaka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama City, Japan
| | - Shinichi Tanaka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama City, Japan
| | - Akira Noguchi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama City, Japan
| | - Takahiko Nakajima
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama City, Japan
| | - Takuya Nagata
- Departments of Surgery and Science, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama City, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Makino
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama City, Japan
| | - Tadamichi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama City, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujii
- Departments of Surgery and Science, Faculty of Medicine, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Toyama City, Japan
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10
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Jiang P, He S, Li Y, Xu Z. Identification of Therapeutic and Prognostic Biomarkers of Lamin C (LAMC) Family Members in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e925735. [PMID: 32860673 PMCID: PMC7477928 DOI: 10.12659/msm.925735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is an invasive malignancy with a high worldwide mortality, despite considerable recent advancements in diagnosis and treatment. Increasing evidence indicates that the Lamin C (LAMC) gene family is associated with the progression of diverse cancers, nevertheless, this association is not well understood. Material/Methods A systematic study addressing the expression and prognostic value of LAMC, and the relationship between LAMC and tumor immune response in HNSC was done. Finally, we performed drug screening to identify specific drugs. Results Compared to normal samples, expressions of LAMC1 and LAMC2 were significantly increased in HNSC, and LAMC2 was obviously correlated with an adverse prognosis for patients. LAMC2 expression level was significantly correlated with the infiltrating levels of B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and macrophages. Moreover, LAMC2 exhibited strong correlations with diverse immune markers, immune microenvironment, and immune checkpoint molecules. Finally, candidate drugs that targeted LAMC2 were identified. Conclusions This study suggests that LAMC2 could serve as a new prognostic biomarker, and it could be used for efficacy of target for immune response and for drug sensitivity prediction in HNSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People Hospital of Hainan Province, Sanya, Hainan, China (mainland)
| | - Shengteng He
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People Hospital of Hainan Province, Sanya, Hainan, China (mainland)
| | - Yanli Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People Hospital of Hainan Province, Sanya, Hainan, China (mainland)
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People Hospital of Hainan Province, Sanya, Hainan, China (mainland)
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11
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Chang YC, Wang JD, Chang HY, Zhou P, Hahn RA, Gordon MK, Laskin JD, Gerecke DR. Expression of Laminin γ2 Proteolytic Fragments in Murine Skin Following Exposure to Sulfur Mustard. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 303:1642-1652. [PMID: 32421930 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Laminin-332 is a basement membrane protein composed of three genetically distinct polypeptide chains that actively promote both skin epidermal cell adhesion and migration. Proteolytic fragments of the laminin γ2 chain stimulate migration and scattering of keratinocytes and cancer cells. Sulfur mustard (SM) is a bifunctional alkylating agent that induces separation of basal keratinocytes from the dermal-epidermal junction and invokes a strong inflammatory response leading to delayed wound repair. In the present studies, the role of laminin γ2 in SM-induced skin injury and wound repair was investigated using the mouse ear vesicant model. We found that laminin γ2 chain mRNA was preferentially upregulated in mouse ear skin exposed to SM. In situ hybridization confirmed overexpression of laminin γ2 transcript. Western blot analysis showed increased protein expression of the full-length proform of laminin γ2 and smaller processed fragments of laminin γ2 in skin exposed to SM. Dual immunofluorescence labeling indicated that laminin γ2 fragments are prevalent in suprabasal keratinocytes behind the leading edge in areas of hyperplasia in injured skin. In addition, co-expression of laminin γ2 and the senescent marker, p16-INK4a was found to overlap with the hyperplastic migratory epithelial sheet. This observation is similar to hypermotile keratinocytes reported in invasive carcinoma cells. Overall, our studies indicate that laminin γ2 is preferentially expressed in skin post SM exposure and that protein expression appears to become progressively more fragmented. The laminin γ2 fragments may play a role in regulating SM-induced skin wound repair. Anat Rec, 2020. © 2020 American Association for Anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoke-Chen Chang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - James D Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hui-Ying Chang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Peihong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Rita A Hahn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Marion K Gordon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Laskin
- Environmental and Occupational Health, Rutgers University School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Donald R Gerecke
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
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12
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Siljamäki E, Rappu P, Riihilä P, Nissinen L, Kähäri VM, Heino J. H-Ras activation and fibroblast-induced TGF-β signaling promote laminin-332 accumulation and invasion in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Matrix Biol 2020; 87:26-47. [PMID: 31655292 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common metastatic skin cancer, with increasing incidence worldwide. The molecular basis of cSCC progression to invasive and metastatic disease is still incompletely understood. Here, we show that fibroblasts and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling promote laminin-332 synthesis in cancer cells in an activated H-Ras-dependent manner, which in turn promotes cancer cell invasion. Immunohistochemical analysis of sporadic UV-induced invasive human cSCCs (n = 208) revealed prominent cSCC cell specific immunostaining for laminin-332 γ2 chain, located in the majority of cases (90%, n = 173) in the invasive edge of the tumors. To mimic the progression of cSCC we established 3D spheroid cocultures using primary skin fibroblasts and HaCaT/ras-HaCaT human keratinocytes. Our results indicate that in 3D spheroids, unlike in monolayer cultures, TGF-β upregulates laminin-332 production, but only in cells that harbour oncogenic H-Ras. Accumulation of laminin-332 was prevented by both H-Ras knock down and inhibition of TGF-β signaling by SB431542 or RAdKD-ALK5 kinase-defective adenovirus. Furthermore, fibroblasts accelerated the invasion of ras-HaCaT cells through collagen I gels in a Ras/TGF-β signaling dependent manner. In conclusion, we demonstrate the presence of laminin-332 in the invasive front of cSCC tumors and report a new Ras/TGF-β-dependent mechanism that promotes laminin-332 accumulation and cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Siljamäki
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Pekka Rappu
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Pilvi Riihilä
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Dermatology, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Hämeentie 11, 20520, Turku, Finland; The Western Cancer Centre of the Cancer Centre Finland (FICAN West), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Liisa Nissinen
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Dermatology, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Hämeentie 11, 20520, Turku, Finland; The Western Cancer Centre of the Cancer Centre Finland (FICAN West), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Veli-Matti Kähäri
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Dermatology, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Hämeentie 11, 20520, Turku, Finland; The Western Cancer Centre of the Cancer Centre Finland (FICAN West), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Jyrki Heino
- MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland; Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland.
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Rousselle P, Scoazec JY. Laminin 332 in cancer: When the extracellular matrix turns signals from cell anchorage to cell movement. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 62:149-165. [PMID: 31639412 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Laminin 332 is crucial in the biology of epithelia. This large extracellular matrix protein consists of the heterotrimeric assembly of three subunits - α3, β3, and γ2 - and its multifunctionality relies on a number of extracellular proteolytic processing events. Laminin 332 is central to normal epithelium homeostasis by sustaining cell adhesion, polarity, proliferation, and differentiation. It also supports a major function in epithelial tissue formation, repair, and regeneration by buttressing cell migration and survival and basement membrane assembly. Interest in this protein increased after the discovery that its expression is perturbed in tumor cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and the tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the established involvement of the laminin 332 γ2 chain in tumor invasiveness and discusses the role of its α3 and β3 subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rousselle
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMR 5305, CNRS - Université Lyon 1, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, SFR BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, 7 passage du Vercors, F-69367, France.
| | - Jean Yves Scoazec
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, 114 rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif cedex, France; Université Paris Sud, Faculté de Médecine de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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14
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Koga K, Anan T, Fukumoto T, Fujimoto M, Nabeshima K. Ln-γ 2 chain of laminin-332 is a useful marker in differentiating between benign and malignant sclerosing adnexal neoplasms. Histopathology 2020; 76:318-324. [PMID: 31429981 DOI: 10.1111/his.13974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Laminin (Ln)-γ 2, one of the chains of Ln-332, is a marker of invasive tumours and is frequently expressed as a monomer in malignant tumours. Desmoplastic trichoepithelioma (DTE), some types of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (infiltrating and morphoeic BCC) and microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC) belong to a group of tumours known as sclerosing adnexal neoplasms (SAN) that are frequently difficult to differentiate and often require immunohistochemistry for diagnosis. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of Ln-γ 2 expression in the differential diagnosis of DTE, infiltrating/morphoeic BCC, MAC and syringoma. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we compared the expression of Ln-γ 2 in infiltrating/morphoeic BCC (n = 28), DTE (n = 26), MAC (n = 10) and syringoma (n = 20). Immunohistochemically, Ln-γ 2 positivity was noted in 96% (27 cases) of infiltrating/morphoeic BCC and 90% (nine cases) of MAC, while all DTE and syringoma cases were negative. Furthermore, Ln-γ 2 expression pattern in infiltrating/morphoeic BCC was different from that in MAC. Ln-γ 2 expression was found in the cytoplasm of tumour cells in infiltrating/morphoeic BCC tumour cells, while in MAC linear expression was noted both along tumour nests and in the cytoplasm. CONCLUSION Ln-γ 2 is a helpful adjunct in the differential diagnosis of SAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Koga
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Anan
- Sapporo Dermatopathology Institute, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Masakazu Fujimoto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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15
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Van Duzer A, Taniguchi S, Elhance A, Tsujikawa T, Oshimori N. ADAP1 promotes invasive squamous cell carcinoma progression and predicts patient survival. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:2/6/e201900582. [PMID: 31792062 PMCID: PMC6892435 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAP1, a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for the small GTPase ARF6, is a strong predictor of poor survival in early-stage squamous cell carcinoma patients and a critical mediator of TGF-β-induced invasive cell migration by facilitating basement membrane breakdown. Invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is aggressive cancer with a high risk of recurrence and metastasis, but the critical determinants of its progression remain elusive. Here, we identify ADAP1, a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for ARF6 up-regulated in TGF-β-responding invasive tumor cells, as a strong predictor of poor survival in early-stage SCC patients. Using a mouse model of SCC, we show that ADAP1 overexpression promotes invasive tumor progression by facilitating cell migration and breakdown of the basement membrane. We found that ADAP1-rich, TGF-β-responding tumor cells exhibit cytoplasmic laminin localization, which correlated with the absence of laminin and type IV collagen from the pericellular basement membrane. Interestingly, although tumors overexpressing a GAP activity-deficient mutant of ADAP1 resulted in morphologically complex tumors, those tumor cells failed to breach the basement membrane. Moreover, Adap1 deletion in tumor cells ameliorated the basement membrane breakdown and had less invading cells in the stroma. Our study demonstrates that ADAP1 is a critical mediator of TGF-β-induced cancer invasion and might be exploited for the treatment of high-risk SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery Van Duzer
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sachiko Taniguchi
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ajit Elhance
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Takahiro Tsujikawa
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Naoki Oshimori
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA .,Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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16
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Bhattacharjee O, Ayyangar U, Kurbet AS, Ashok D, Raghavan S. Unraveling the ECM-Immune Cell Crosstalk in Skin Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:68. [PMID: 31134198 PMCID: PMC6514232 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network of proteins and proteoglycans secreted by keratinocytes, fibroblasts and immune cells. The function of the skin ECM has expanded from being a scaffold that provides structural integrity, to a more dynamic entity that is constantly remodeled to maintain tissue homeostasis. The ECM functions as ligands for cell surface receptors such as integrins, dystroglycans, and toll-like receptors (TLRs) and regulate cellular signaling and immune cell dynamics. The ECM also acts as a sink for growth factors and cytokines, providing critical cues during epithelial morphogenesis. Dysregulation in the organization and deposition of ECMs lead to a plethora of pathophysiological conditions that are exacerbated by aberrant ECM-immune cell interactions. In this review, we focus on the interplay between ECM and immune cells in the context of skin diseases and also discuss state of the art therapies that target the key molecular players involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oindrila Bhattacharjee
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Sastra University, Thanjavur, India
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
| | - Uttkarsh Ayyangar
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Sastra University, Thanjavur, India
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
| | - Ambika S. Kurbet
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, Sastra University, Thanjavur, India
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
| | - Driti Ashok
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
| | - Srikala Raghavan
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Campus, Bangalore, India
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17
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LncRNA CASC9 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis through upregulating LAMC2 expression by interacting with the CREB-binding protein. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:1980-1995. [PMID: 29511340 PMCID: PMC6219493 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the main subtype of esophageal cancer. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are thought to play a critical role in cancer development. Recently, lncRNA CASC9 was shown to be dysregulated in many cancer types, but the mechanisms whereby this occurs remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that CASC9 was significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues, with further analysis revealing that elevated CASC9 expression was associated with ESCC prognosis and metastasis. Furthermore, we found that CASC9 knockdown significantly repressed ESCC migration and invasion in vitro and metastasis in nude mice in vivo. A microarray analysis and mechanical experiments indicated that CASC9 preferentially affected gene expression linked to ECM–integrin interactions, including LAMC2, an upstream inducer of the integrin pathway. We demonstrated that LAMC2 was consistently upregulated in ESCC and promoted ESCC metastasis. LAMC2 overexpression partially compromised the decrease of cell migration and invasion capacity in CASC9 knockdowns. In addition, we found that both CASC9 and LAMC2 depletion reduced the phosphorylation of FAK, PI3K, and Akt, which are downstream effectors of the integrin pathway. Moreover, the reduction in phosphorylation caused by CASC9 depletion was rescued by LAMC2 overexpression, further confirming that CASC9 exerts a pro-metastatic role through LAMC2. Mechanistically, RNA pull-down and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay indicated that CASC9 could bind with the transcriptional coactivator CREB-binding protein (CBP) in the nucleus. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay additionally illustrated that CASC9 increased the enrichment of CBP and H3K27 acetylation in the LAMC2 promoter, thereby upregulating LAMC2 expression. In conclusion, we demonstrate that CASC9 upregulates LAMC2 expression by binding with CBP and modifying histone acetylation. Our research reveals the prognostic and pro-metastatic roles for CASC9 in ESCC, suggesting that CASC9 could serve as a biomarker for prognosis and a target for metastasis treatment.
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18
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Surgery With or Without Postoperative Radiation Therapy for Early-stage External Auditory Canal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-analysis. Otol Neurotol 2017; 38:1333-1338. [DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000001533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Raju K L, Augustine D, Rao RS, S V S, Haragannavar VC, Nambiar S, Prasad K, Awan KH, Patil S. Biomarkers in Tumorigenesis Using Cancer Cell Lines: A Systematic Review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:2329-2337. [PMID: 28950674 PMCID: PMC5720632 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.9.2329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite many research advancements in the field, the genetic changes
regulating the transformation of normal oral cells into malignant cells have not been fully elucidated. Several studies have
evaluated carcinogenesis at the molecular level. Cancer cell lines are commonly used in biomedical research because
they provide an unlimited source of cells and represent various stages of initiation and progression of carcinogenesis
in vitro. Aims: The objective of the study was to review original research articles using cancer cell lines as a tool to
understand carcinogenesis and to identify the genes involved in tumor development. Additionally, we also examined
the application of the genes as predictive biomarkers. Methods and Materials: Several databases, including PubMed,
Google Scholar, Ebsco, and Science Direct, were searched from 1985 to December 2016 using various combinations of
the following key words: “mouth neoplasm”, “cell lines”, and “tumorigenesis”. Original experimental studies published
in English were included. We excluded letters to the editor, historic reviews, and unpublished data from the analysis.
Results: There were 17 studies (in vitro) included in the analysis. There were 14 genes and 4 miRNAs involved in
malignant transformation of oral keratinocytes into cancer cells. The most commonly studied genes were p53, cyclin
D1, and hTERT. Conclusion: Additional reviews and studies are needed to identify a panel of genes specific to various
potentially malignant disorders and to aid in the early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) because
tumorigenesis involves the mutation of multiple genes. Furthermore, improving advanced cost-effective diagnostic
methods may benefit the public health sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizbeth Raju K
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, M S R Nagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
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Moilanen JM, Löffek S, Kokkonen N, Salo S, Väyrynen JP, Hurskainen T, Manninen A, Riihilä P, Heljasvaara R, Franzke CW, Kähäri VM, Salo T, Mäkinen MJ, Tasanen K. Significant Role of Collagen XVII And Integrin β4 in Migration and Invasion of The Less Aggressive Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45057. [PMID: 28327550 PMCID: PMC5361192 DOI: 10.1038/srep45057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen XVII and integrin α6β4 have well-established roles as epithelial adhesion molecules. Their binding partner laminin 332 as well as integrin α6β4 are largely recognized to promote invasion and metastasis in various cancers, and collagen XVII is essential for the survival of colon and lung cancer stem cells. We have studied the expression of laminin γ2, collagen XVII and integrin β4 in tissue microarray samples of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its precursors, actinic keratosis and Bowen's disease. The expression of laminin γ2 was highest in SCC samples, whereas the expression of collagen XVII and integrin β4 varied greatly in SCC and its precursors. Collagen XVII and integrin β4 were also expressed in SCC cell lines. Virus-mediated RNAi knockdown of collagen XVII and integrin β4 reduced the migration of less aggressive SCC-25 cells in horizontal scratch wound healing assay. Additionally, in a 3D organotypic myoma invasion assay the loss of collagen XVII or integrin β4 suppressed equally the migration and invasion of SCC-25 cells whereas there was no effect on the most aggressive HSC-3 cells. Variable expression patterns and results in migration and invasion assays suggest that collagen XVII and integrin β4 contribute to SCC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyri M. Moilanen
- Department of Dermatology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland
| | - Stefanie Löffek
- Skin Cancer Unit of the Dermatology Department, Medical Faculty, West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Nina Kokkonen
- Department of Dermatology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland
| | - Sirpa Salo
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha P. Väyrynen
- Department of Pathology, Research Unit of Cancer and Translational Medicine, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tiina Hurskainen
- Department of Dermatology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland
| | - Aki Manninen
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pilvi Riihilä
- Department of Dermatology, Turku University Hospital, MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turki, Turku, Finland
| | - Ritva Heljasvaara
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Claus-Werner Franzke
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Veli-Matti Kähäri
- Department of Dermatology, Turku University Hospital, MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turki, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Research Unit of Cancer and Translational Medicine, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Finland
- HUSLAB, Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Oral Pathology Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, SP-13414-903, Brazil
| | - Markus J. Mäkinen
- Department of Pathology, Research Unit of Cancer and Translational Medicine, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kaisa Tasanen
- Department of Dermatology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, MRC Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland
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21
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Engineering a vascularised 3D in vitro model of cancer progression. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44045. [PMID: 28276469 PMCID: PMC5343474 DOI: 10.1038/srep44045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The hallmark of tumours is the ability of cancerous cells to promote vascular growth, to disseminate and invade to distant organs. The metastatic process is heavily influenced by the extracellular matrix (ECM) density and composition of the surrounding tumour microenvironment. These microenvironmental cues, which include hypoxia, also regulate the angiogenic processes within a tumour, facilitating the spread of cancer cells. We engineered compartmentalized biomimetic colorectal tumouroids with stromal surrounds that comprised a range of ECM densities, composition and stromal cell populations. Recapitulating tissue ECM composition and stromal cell composition enhanced cancer cell invasion. Manipulation of ECM density was associated with an altered migration pattern from glandular buds (cellular aggregates) to epithelial cell sheets. Laminin appeared to be a critical component in regulating endothelial cell morphology and vascular network formation. Interestingly, the disruption of vascular networks by cancer cells was driven by changes in expression of several anti-angiogenic genes. Cancer cells cultured in our biomimetic tumouroids exhibited intratumoural heterogeneity that was associated with increased tumour invasion into the stroma. These findings demonstrate that our 3D in vitro tumour model exhibits biomimetic attributes that may permit their use in studying microenvironment clues of tumour progression and angiogenesis.
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22
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Hazawa M, Lin DC, Handral H, Xu L, Chen Y, Jiang YY, Mayakonda A, Ding LW, Meng X, Sharma A, Samuel S, Movahednia MM, Wong RW, Yang H, Tong C, Koeffler HP. ZNF750 is a lineage-specific tumour suppressor in squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogene 2016; 36:2243-2254. [PMID: 27819679 PMCID: PMC5415641 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
ZNF750 controls epithelial homeostasis by regulating epidermal-differentiation genes, a role underscored by its pathogenic mutations in esophageal squamous cell cancers (SCCs). However, the precise role of ZNF750 in SCC cell biology remains unclear. In this study, we report that ZNF750 is exclusively deleted, mutated and underexpressed in human SCCs, and low ZNF750 expression is associated with poor survival. Restoration of wildtype, but not mutant ZNF750 protein uniquely inhibited the malignant phenotypes of SCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Notably, ZNF750 promoted the expression of a long non-coding RNA (TINCR), which mediated both cancer-inhibition and differentiation-induction effects of ZNF750. In addition, ZNF750 potently suppressed cell migration by directly inhibiting the transactivation of LAMC2. Together, our findings characterize ZNF750 as a crucial SCC-specific suppressor and uncover its novel anticancer-associated functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hazawa
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Innovative Integrated Bio-Research Core, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - D-C Lin
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - H Handral
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - L Xu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y Chen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Y-Y Jiang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Mayakonda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - L-W Ding
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - X Meng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Sharma
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Samuel
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - M M Movahednia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - R W Wong
- Cell-Bionomics Research Unit, Innovative Integrated Bio-Research Core, Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - H Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - C Tong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - H P Koeffler
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.,National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System and National University of Singapore, Singapore
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23
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Čunderlíková B. Clinical significance of immunohistochemically detected extracellular matrix proteins and their spatial distribution in primary cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 105:127-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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24
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Nguyen CTK, Okamura T, Morita KI, Yamaguchi S, Harada H, Miki Y, Izumo T, Kayamori K, Yamaguchi A, Sakamoto K. LAMC2 is a predictive marker for the malignant progression of leukoplakia. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 46:223-231. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Thi Kim Nguyen
- Department of Oral Pathology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Takeshi Okamura
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kei-ichi Morita
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Harada
- Department of Oral Surgery; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshio Miki
- Department of Molecular Genetics; Medical Research Institute; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Izumo
- Department of Diagnostic Oral Pathology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kou Kayamori
- Department of Oral Pathology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Akira Yamaguchi
- Oral Health Science Center; Tokyo Dental College; Tokyo Japan
| | - Kei Sakamoto
- Department of Oral Pathology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
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25
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Teng Y, Wang Z, Ma L, Zhang L, Guo Y, Gu M, Wang Z, Wang Y, Yue W. Prognostic significance of circulating laminin gamma2 for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:4151-62. [PMID: 27462170 PMCID: PMC4939988 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s105732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Laminin gamma2 (Ln-γ2) chain, a distinctive subunit of heterotrimeric laminin-332, is frequently upregulated in carcinomas and is of great importance in cell migration and invasion. Despite this, the status of circulating Ln-γ2 in lung cancer patients is still uncertain. Patients and methods In this retrospective study, serum samples from 538 all-stage (stages I–IV) patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 94 age-matched healthy volunteers were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were statistically analyzed in combination with clinicopathological information. Results Circulating Ln-γ2 was markedly increased in NSCLC, even in stage I cases (P<0.01), reflecting the progression of lung cancer. Survival analysis on 370 eligible patients indicated that serum Ln-γ2-negative patients survived much longer compared with Ln-γ2-positive individuals (P=0.028), and it was especially the case for stage I (P<0.001), stage T1 (P=0.001), and stage N0 patients (P=0.038), all of whom represented early-stage cases. For the advanced patients, however, overall survivals were not significantly different among stages II–IV (P=0.830), stages T2–T4 (P=0.575), stages N1–N3 (P=0.669), and stage M1 (P=0.849). Cox analysis subsequently defined serum Ln-γ2 as an independent prognostic indicator of NSCLC, particularly for early-stage patients. Furthermore, we demonstrated the association of serum Ln-γ2 with smoking behavior, but its association with tumor progression and early prognostic significance were not altered in the nonsmoking cohort. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that elevation of circulating Ln-γ2 was an early-emerging event in NSCLC and was significantly associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC, especially for early-stage cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Teng
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zitong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinan Guo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Gu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Yue
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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26
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Okado Y, Aoki M, Hamasaki M, Koga K, Sueta T, Shiratsuchi H, Oda Y, Nakagawa T, Nabeshima K. Tumor budding and laminin5-γ2 in squamous cell carcinoma of the external auditory canal are associated with shorter survival. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:814. [PMID: 26722634 PMCID: PMC4690822 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the external auditory canal (EAC) is rare, usually presents at an advanced stage, and is a more aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. The University of Pittsburgh TNM staging system commonly used in prognostication is not perfect, and more accurate biomarkers predicting prognosis are needed. Tumor budding is an established negative prognostic factor at the invasive front in colorectal cancer. Moreover, immunohistochemical studies showed that laminin 5-γ2 (Ln5-γ2) is expressed at the invasive front in tumor or tumor budding cells. We assessed the prognostic significance of tumor budding and Ln5-γ2 expression by performing Ln5-γ2 immunohistochemistry and evaluated the degree of tumor budding in pre-treatment biopsy specimens, and investigated their correlations to clinicopathological parameters in patients with SCC of the EAC. Patients whose tumors had high budding grade and Ln5-γ2 expression had significantly shorter survival times. Budding grade was significantly correlated with Ln5-γ2 expression. Multivariate analysis revealed that high budding grade predicted poorer prognosis regardless of disease stage. Our results suggested that budding grade and Ln5-γ2 expression can be used as indicators of poor prognosis in patients with SCC of the EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Okado
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan ; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mikiko Aoki
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Makoto Hamasaki
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Kaori Koga
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Takayuki Sueta
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideki Shiratsuchi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan ; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine and Hospital, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
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27
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Serum LAMC2 enhances the prognostic value of a multi-parametric panel in non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:484-91. [PMID: 26180921 PMCID: PMC4522621 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) lacks reliable serological biomarkers for predicting patients' survival and response to treatment. The present study examined the capability of serum LAMC2 and four known tumour markers for disease prognosis and patients' risk stratification. Methods: LAMC2, CA 125, CEA, CYFRA 21-1 and SCC levels were retrospectively measured in sera obtained from 127 patients diagnosed with NSCLC by commercial immunoassays. Prognostic performance of the markers was compared with established clinical parameters and multivariate models were constructed to assess the prognostic complementarity of variables. Results: LAMC2 showed significant prognostic ability for overall survival (hazards ratio: 1.607, 95% confidence interval: 1.268–2.037, P<0.0001) in the full cohort. LAMC2 and CYFRA 21-1 combination enhanced prognostic models based on common clinical parameters (c-index: 0.81 vs 0.72, P=0.00018), further enabling stratification of patients into clear risk groups. A bootstrap-based cross-validation analysis was supportive of our findings. Combination of LAMC2 and CA 125 showed similar performance. Conclusions: Our preliminary study proposes LAMC2 as a novel NSCLC prognostic factor. LAMC2 combined with CA 125 and CYFRA 21-1 could aid in clinical prediction of NSCLC patients' overall survival and inform clinical practice. Larger studies are necessary to unravel LAMC2's full potential as a new NSCLC biomarker.
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28
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Lohmer LL, Kelley LC, Hagedorn EJ, Sherwood DR. Invadopodia and basement membrane invasion in vivo. Cell Adh Migr 2015; 8:246-55. [PMID: 24717190 DOI: 10.4161/cam.28406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 20 years ago, protrusive, F-actin-based membrane structures, termed invadopodia, were identified in highly metastatic cancer cell lines. Invadopodia penetrate artificial or explanted extracellular matrices in 2D culture conditions and have been hypothesized to facilitate the migration of cancer cells through basement membrane, a thin, dense, barrier-like matrix surrounding most tissues. Despite intensive study, the identification of invadopodia in vivo has remained elusive and until now their possible roles during invasion or even existence have remained unclear. Studies in remarkably different cellular contexts-mouse tumor models, zebrafish intestinal epithelia, and C. elegans organogenesis-have recently identified invadopodia structures associated with basement membrane invasion. These studies are providing the first in vivo insight into the regulation, function, and role of these fascinating subcellular devices with critical importance to both development and human disease.
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29
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Amino-terminal fragments of laminin γ2 chain stimulate migration of metastatic breast cancer cells by interacting with CD44. Clin Exp Metastasis 2015; 32:405-15. [PMID: 25990436 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-015-9705-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Laminin γ2 (Lmγ2) chain, a subunit of the basement membrane protein laminin-332, is regarded as a typical cancer invasion marker. The overexpression of Lmγ2 chain by invasive cancer cells correlates with poor prognosis of cancer patients, and its forced expression in human cancer cells promotes their invasive growth in a nude mouse model. However, its actual roles in cancer progression, as well as the mechanism of its proinvasive effect, remain unclear. CD44 is known to be an important cancer stem cell marker and support cancer progression and stem cell functions. Here we demonstrate that amino-terminal fragments of Lmγ2 interact with CD44 on the membrane of breast cancer cells. Lmγ2 highly bound to the metastatic cell line MDA-MB-231 but poorly to the benign cell line MCF-7. The membrane receptor for Lmγ2 on MDA-MB-231 cells was identified to be the standard form of CD44 (CD44s) by co-immunoprecipitation, affinity chromatography and direct protein interaction assay. Lmγ2 interacted with CD44s through EGF-like repeat 2/3 in the Lmγ2 amino-terminus. Amino-terminal fragments of Lmγ2 induced the phosphorylation of CD44 cytoplasmic domain and stimulated migration of the cancer cells in a CD44-dependent manner. This migration was blocked by inhibitors of TGF-β receptor I (TGF-βRI) kinase. These results suggest that two important tumor markers, Lmγ2 and CD44, cooperate for cancer progression and possibly for cancer stem cell functions. TGF-βRI may be involved in the Lmγ2/CD44 interaction.
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30
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Moon YW, Rao G, Kim JJ, Shim HS, Park KS, An SS, Kim B, Steeg PS, Sarfaraz S, Changwoo Lee L, Voeller D, Choi EY, Luo J, Palmieri D, Chung HC, Kim JH, Wang Y, Giaccone G. LAMC2 enhances the metastatic potential of lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Differ 2015; 22:1341-52. [PMID: 25591736 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the number one cancer killer, and metastasis is the main cause of high mortality in lung cancer patients. However, mechanisms underlying the development of lung cancer metastasis remain unknown. Using genome-wide transcriptional analysis in an experimental metastasis model, we identified laminin γ2 (LAMC2), an epithelial basement membrane protein, to be significantly upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma metastatic cells. Elevated LAMC2 increased traction force, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells accompanied by the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). LAMC2 knockdown decreased traction force, migration, and invasion accompanied by EMT reduction in vitro, and attenuated metastasis in mice. LAMC2 promoted migration and invasion via EMT that was integrin β1- and ZEB1-dependent. High LAMC2 was significantly correlated with the mesenchymal marker vimentin expression in lung adenocarcinomas, and with higher risk of recurrence or death in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. We suggest that LAMC2 promotes metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma via EMT and may be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y W Moon
- 1] Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA [2] Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - G Rao
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J J Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H-S Shim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K-S Park
- 1] Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA [2] Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - S S An
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - B Kim
- Pathology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, USA
| | - P S Steeg
- Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S Sarfaraz
- Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - L Changwoo Lee
- Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Donna Voeller
- Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - E Y Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ji Luo
- Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - D Palmieri
- Women's Cancers Section, Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - H C Chung
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J-H Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y Wang
- 1] Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA [2] Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - G Giaccone
- 1] Medical Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA [2] Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
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Garg M, Braunstein G, Koeffler HP. LAMC2 as a therapeutic target for cancers. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:979-82. [PMID: 24976367 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.934814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries and the second major cause of death in developing countries. Laminins are crucial proteins in the basal lamina (one of the layers of the basement membrane), and these form a protein network that influences both normal and transformed cell differentiation, migration and adhesion, as well as phenotype and survival. The basement membranes act as a mechanical barrier to tumor growth, but these molecules, including laminins, are also important autocrine factors produced by cancers to promote tumorigenesis. Several studies in cancers have shown the importance of LAMC2, a laminin component. The elevated expression of LAMC2 on cancer cells appears to drive tumorigenesis through its interactions with several cell-surface receptors including α6β4 and α3β1 integrins and EGFRs. The accumulating evidence indicates that LAMC2-mediated signaling network plays an important role in the progression, migration and invasion of multiple types of cancer, suggesting that it might be a potential therapeutic anticancer target for inhibiting tumorigenesis. Furthermore, elevated serum levels of LAMC2 in cancer patients might be an attractive serum-based diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Garg
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore (CSI), National University of Singapore , 14 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117599 , Singapore
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32
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Sato H, Oyanagi J, Komiya E, Ogawa T, Higashi S, Miyazaki K. Amino-terminal fragments of laminin γ2 chain retract vascular endothelial cells and increase vascular permeability. Cancer Sci 2014; 105:168-75. [PMID: 24238220 PMCID: PMC4317827 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminin γ2 (Lmγ2) chain, a subunit of laminin-332, is a typical molecular marker of invading cancer cells, and its expression correlates with poor prognosis of cancer patients. It was previously found that forced expression of Lmγ2 in cancer cells promotes their invasive growth in nude mice. However, the mechanism of the tumor-promoting activity of Lmγ2 remains unknown. Here we investigated the interaction between Lmγ2 and vascular endothelial cells. When treated with an N-terminal proteolytic fragment of γ2 (γ2pf), HUVECs became markedly retracted or shrunken. The overexpression of Lmγ2 or treatment with γ2pf stimulated T-24 bladder carcinoma cells to invade into the HUVEC monolayer and enhanced their transendothelial migration in vitro. Moreover, γ2pf increased endothelial permeability in vitro and in vivo. As the possible mechanisms, γ2pf activated ERK and p38 MAPK but inactivated Akt in HUVECs. Such effects of γ2pf led to prominent actin stress fiber formation in HUVECs, which was blocked by a ROCK inhibitor. In addition, γ2pf induced delocalization of VE-cadherin and β-catenin from the intercellular junction. As possible receptors, γ2pf interacted with heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the surface of HUVECs. Moreover, we localized the active site of γ2pf to the N-terminal epidermal growth factor-like repeat. These data suggest that the interaction between γ2pf and heparan sulfate proteoglycans induces cytoskeletal changes of endothelial cells, leading to the loss of endothelial barrier function and the enhanced transendothelial migration of cancer cells. These activities of Lmγ2 seem to support the aberrant growth of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sato
- Department of Genome Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Cell Biology, Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
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33
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Wang Q, Wen B, Wang T, Xu Z, Yin X, Xu S, Ren Z, Hou G, Zhou R, Zhao H, Zi J, Zhang S, Gao H, Lou X, Sun H, Feng Q, Chang C, Qin P, Zhang C, Li N, Zhu Y, Gu W, Zhong J, Zhang G, Yang P, Yan G, Shen H, Liu X, Lu H, Zhong F, He QY, Xu P, Lin L, Liu S. Omics evidence: single nucleotide variants transmissions on chromosome 20 in liver cancer cell lines. J Proteome Res 2013; 13:200-11. [PMID: 24261934 DOI: 10.1021/pr400899b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer genomics unveils many cancer-related mutations, including some chromosome 20 (Chr.20) genes. The mutated messages have been found in the corresponding mRNAs; however, whether they could be translated to proteins still requires more evidence. Herein, we proposed a transomics strategy to profile the expression status of human Chr.20 genes (555 in Ensembl v72). The data of transcriptome and translatome (the mRNAs bound with ribosome, translating mRNAs) revealed that ∼80% of the coding genes on Chr.20 were detected with mRNA signals in three liver cancer cell lines, whereas of the proteome identified, only ∼45% of the Chr.20 coding genes were detected. The high amount of overlapping of identified genes in mRNA and RNC-mRNA (ribosome nascent-chain complex-bound mRNAs, translating mRNAs) and the consistent distribution of the abundance averages of mRNA and RNC-mRNA along the Chr.20 subregions in three liver cancer cell lines indicate that the mRNA information is efficiently transmitted from transcriptional to translational stage, qualitatively and quantitatively. Of the 457 genes identified in mRNAs and RNC-mRNA, 136 were found to contain SNVs with 213 sites, and >40% of these SNVs existed only in metastatic cell lines, suggesting them as the metastasis-related SNVs. Proteomics analysis showed that 16 genes with 20 SNV sites were detected with reliable MS/MS signals, and some SNVs were further validated by the MRM approach. With the integration of the omics data at the three expression phases, therefore, we are able to achieve the overall view of the gene expression of Chr.20, which is constructive in understanding the potential trend of encoding genes in a cell line and exploration of a new type of markers related to cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanhui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , No. 1 Beichen West Road, Beijing 100101, China
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Marangon Junior H, Rocha VN, Leite CF, de Aguiar MCF, Souza PEA, Horta MCR. Laminin-5 gamma 2 chain expression is associated with intensity of tumor budding and density of stromal myofibroblasts in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2013; 43:199-204. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helvécio Marangon Junior
- Department of Dentistry; Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Valéria Nazaré Rocha
- Department of Dentistry; Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Camila Ferreira Leite
- Department of Dentistry; Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Maria Cássia Ferreira de Aguiar
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology; School of Dentistry; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
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35
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An SJ, Lin QX, Chen ZH, Su J, Cheng H, Xie Z, Zhang XC, Zhou HY, Huang Y, Chen SL, Guo WB, Wu YL. Combinations of laminin 5 with PTEN, p-EGFR and p-Akt define a group of distinct molecular subsets indicative of poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Exp Ther Med 2012; 4:226-230. [PMID: 23139712 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Laminin 5 (Ln5) is an extracellular matrix protein that plays an important role in cell migration and tumor invasion. This study explored the expression of Ln5 and the role of its relationships with PTEN, phospho-EGFR (p-EGFR) and phospho-Akt (p-Akt) in the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The protein expression of Ln5, PTEN, p-EGFR and p-Akt was assessed by immunohistochemical analysis, and their relationships to prognosis were analyzed. Protein expression of Ln5, p-EGFR and p-Akt was detected in 61.2 (60/98), 60.2 (59/98) and 45.3% (43/95) of patients with NSCLC, respectively. Loss of PTEN expression was found in 67.7% of tumors (65/96). Ln5 expression was related to patient gender, histology and p-Akt expression (χ(2)=3.901, 4.549 and 6.985, respectively; P=0.048, 0.033 and 0.008, respectively). Patients with positive Ln5 expression had marginally poorer survival than Ln5-negative patients (median survival time 56.4 months vs. not reached; χ(2)=3.346; P=0.067). Overall survival was significantly different in patients with positive Ln5 expression combined with loss of PTEN, positive p-EGFR expression or positive p-Akt expression. Cox regression analysis showed that stage, co-expression of Ln5 and p-Akt, and PTEN were the three most independent prognostic factors for patients with NSCLC (χ(2)=27.906; P<0.0005). The results highlight the complex relationships between extracellular matrix proteins and key signaling pathway molecules in tumorigenesis. Changes in the expression of Ln5 plus PTEN, p-EGFR or p-Akt define a distinct subset of lung cancers. Patients with such cancers have poorer survival and require early treatment that impacts survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- She-Juan An
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Medical Research Center of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
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