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Gholamzad A, Khakpour N, Khosroshahi EM, Asadi S, Koohpar ZK, Matinahmadi A, Jebali A, Rashidi M, Hashemi M, Sadi FH, Gholamzad M. Cancer stem cells: The important role of CD markers, Signaling pathways, and MicroRNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 256:155227. [PMID: 38490099 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
For the first time, a subset of small cancer cells identified in acute myeloid leukemia has been termed Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs). These cells are notorious for their robust proliferation, self-renewal abilities, significant tumor-forming potential, spread, and resistance to treatments. CSCs are a global concern, as it found in numerous types of cancer, posing a real-world challenge today. Our review encompasses research on key CSC markers, signaling pathways, and MicroRNA in three types of cancer: breast, colon, and liver. These factors play a critical role in either promoting or inhibiting cancer cell growth. The reviewed studies have shown that as cells undergo malignant transformation, there can be an increase or decrease in the expression of different Cluster of Differentiation (CD) markers on their surface. Furthermore, alterations in essential signaling pathways, such as Wnt and Notch1, may impact CSC proliferation, survival, and movement, while also providing potential targets for cancer therapies. Additionally, some research has focused on MicroRNAs due to their dual role as potential therapeutic biomarkers and their ability to enhance CSCs' response to anti-cancer drugs. MicroRNAs also regulate a wide array of cellular processes, including the self-renewal and pluripotency of CSCs, and influence gene transcription. Thus, these studies indicate that MicroRNAs play a significant role in the malignancy of various tumors. Although the gathered information suggests that specific CSC markers, signaling pathways, and MicroRNAs are influential in determining the destiny of cancer cells and could be advantageous for therapeutic strategies, their precise roles and impacts remain incompletely defined, necessitating further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Gholamzad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Khakpour
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Mohandesi Khosroshahi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Asadi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Khazaei Koohpar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences,Tonekabon Branch,Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Arash Matinahmadi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Nicolaus Copernicus,Torun,Poland
| | - Ali Jebali
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Deprtment of Medical Nanotechnology,Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology,Tehran Medical Sciences,Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mehrdad Gholamzad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Eslaminejad T, Nematollahi-Mahani SN, Sargazi ML, Ansari M, Mirzaie V. Evaluating the effects of curcumin nano-chitosan on miR-221 and miR-222 expression and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and SKBR3 cell lines. Diagn Pathol 2024; 19:35. [PMID: 38365810 PMCID: PMC10870642 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-024-01468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases worldwide that affects women of reproductive age. miR-221 and miR-222 are two highly homogeneous microRNAs that play pivotal roles in many cellular processes and regulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Curcumin (CUR), a yellow polyphenolic compound, targets numerous signaling pathways relevant to cancer therapy. The main aim of this study was to compare the ability of chitosan curcumin nanoparticle (CC-CUR) formulation with the curcumin in modulating miR-221 and miR-222 expression through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3 breast cancer cell lines. METHOD Chitosan-cyclodextrin-tripolyphosphate containing curcumin nanoparticles (CC-CUR) were prepared. Cytotoxicity of the CUR and CC-CUR was evaluated. Experimental groups including CC-CUR, CUR and negative control were designed. The expression of miR-221 and miR-222 and Wnt/β-catenin pathway genes was measured. RESULTS The level of miR-221 and miR-222 and β-catenin genes decreased in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells and WIF1 gene increased in all cells in CC-CUR group. However, the results in SK-BR-3 cell line were unexpected; since miRs and WIF1 gene expressions were increased following CC-CUR administration and β-catenin decreased by administration of CUR. CONCLUSION Although the composite form of curcumin decreased the expression of miR-221 and miR-222 in MCF-7 and MDA cells, with significant decreasing of β-catenin and increasing of WIF1 gene in almost all three cell lines, we can conclude than this formulation exerts its effect mainly through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These preliminary findings may pave the way for the use of curcumin nanoparticles in the treatment of some known cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touba Eslaminejad
- Department of Anatomy, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Marzieh Lotfian Sargazi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ansari
- Departments of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Vida Mirzaie
- Department of Anatomy, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Phannasil P, Akekawatchai C, Jitrapakdee S. MicroRNA expression profiles associated with the metastatic ability of MDA‑MB‑231 breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:339. [PMID: 37427352 PMCID: PMC10326657 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is an important worldwide public health concern. The incidence rate of breast cancer increases every year. The primary cause of death is metastasis, a process by which cancer cells spread from a primary site to secondary organs. MicroRNAs (miRs/miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Dysregulation of certain miRNAs is involved in carcinogenesis, cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Therefore, the present study assessed miRNAs associated with breast cancer metastasis using two breast cancer cell lines, the low-metastatic MCF-7 and the highly metastatic MDA-MB-231. miRNA array analysis of both cell lines indicated that 46 miRNAs were differentially expressed when compared between the two cell lines. A total of 16 miRNAs were upregulated in MDA-MB-231 compared with MCF-7 cells, which suggested that their expression levels may be associated with the highly invasive phenotype of MDA-MB-231 cells. Among these miRNAs, miR-222-3p was selected for further study and its expression was confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Under both non-adherent and adherent culture conditions, the expression levels of miR-222-3p in the MDA-MB-231 cell line were higher than those noted in the MCF-7 cell line under the same conditions. Suppression of endogenous miR-222-3p expression in MDA-MB-231 cells using a miR-222-3p inhibitor resulted in a 20-40% reduction in proliferation, and a ~30% reduction in migration, which suggested that the aggressive phenotype of MDA-MB-231 cells was partly regulated by miR-222-3p. Bioinformatic analysis of miR-222-3p using TargetScan 8.0, miRDB and PicTar identified 25 common mRNA targets, such as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B, ADP-ribosylation factor 4, iroquois homeobox 5 and Bcl2 modifying factor. The results of the present study indicated that miR-222-3p was potentially associated with the proliferation and migratory ability of the MDA-MB-231 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phatchariya Phannasil
- Thalassemia Research Center, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Chareeporn Akekawatchai
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathumtani 12121, Thailand
| | - Sarawut Jitrapakdee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Patellongi I, Amiruddin A, Massi MN, Islam AA, Pratama MY, Sutandyo N, Latar NH, Faruk M. Circulating miR-221/222 expression as microRNA biomarker predicting tamoxifen treatment outcome: a case-control study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:3806-3815. [PMID: 37554919 PMCID: PMC10406100 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The high mortality rate in breast cancer (BC) patients is generally due to metastases resistant to systemic therapy. Two causes of systemic therapy resistance in BC patients are circulating miRNAs-221 and miR-222, leading to improved BC cell proliferation, survival, and reduced cell apoptosis. This study investigated the miRNA expression changes associated with cancer cell resistance to tamoxifen therapy and is expected to be clinically meaningful before providing endocrine therapy to luminal-type BC patients who express them. METHODS This case-control research included individuals with the luminal subtype of BC who had received tamoxifen medication for around one year. Furthermore, the case group contained 15 individuals with local recurrence or metastases, while the control group comprised 19 patients without local recurrence or metastases. Plasma miR-221/222 quantification was performed with real-time PCR using transcript-specific primers. RESULTS A significant difference was found in circulating miR-221 expression between cases and controls (P=0.005) but not in miR-222 expression (P=0.070). There were no significant differences between miR-221/222 expression, progesterone receptor, Ki67 protein levels, lymphovascular invasion, and stage. However, receiver operator characteristic curve analyses showed miR-221/222 expressions predictive of tamoxifen resistance (P=0.030) with a sensitivity of 60.00 and a specificity of 83.33%. CONCLUSION The use of circulating miR-221/222 expression can predict relapse as well as resistance to tamoxifen treatment in BC patients, and their testing is recommended for luminal subtype BC patients who will undergo tamoxifen therapy to determine their risk of tamoxifen resistance early, increasing treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Noorwati Sutandyo
- Department of Medical Hematology-Oncology, Dharmais Hospital National Cancer Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nani H.M. Latar
- Endocrine and Breast Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Faruk
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar
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Shao X, Zheng Y, Huang Y, Li G, Zou W, Shi L. Hsa-miR-221-3p promotes proliferation and migration in HER2-positive breast cancer cells by targeting LASS2 and MBD2. Histol Histopathol 2022; 37:1099-1112. [PMID: 35734966 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2)-positive breast cancers account for nearly 20% of all breast cancer cases and microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in disease progression. The study was aimed to explore the role of miR-221-3p in HER2-positive breast cancer. METHODS Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified by high-throughput sequencing. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to evaluate mRNA levels of corresponding genes. CKK8 and transwell assays were performed to evaluate cell viability and migration. The translation binding was assessed by luciferase assay. RESULTS Hsa-miR-221-3p was highly upregulated in HER2-positive breast cancer samples, particularly in patients with advanced or metastatic disease, as compared to healthy controls. miR-221-3p upregulation using mimics promoted cell proliferation and migration in HER2-positive cell lines, whereas miR-221-3p suppression had the opposite effect. Additionally, miR-221-3p mimics reduced the expression levels of LASS2 and MBD2 in HER2-positive breast cancer cells; conversely, miR-221-3p inhibition upregulated LASS2 and MBD2. miR-221-3p inhibited the translation of LASS2 and MBD2 by directly binding to their 3'-untranslated regions. Forced expression of LASS2 and MBD2 significantly attenuated the ability of miR-221-3p mimics to enhance cell growth and migration in HER2-positive but not in HER2-negative breast cancer cells. In HER-2-positive breast cancer patients, the levels of miR-221-3p were negatively correlated with the mRNA levels of LASS2 and MBD2. CONCLUSIONS Upregulation of hsa-miR-221-3 in HER2-positive breast cancer contributes to cancer cell proliferation and migration by directly targeting the tumor suppressors LASS2 and MBD2. Therefore, the hsa-miR-221-3 may serve as a promising and actionable therapeutic target in HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Shao
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yabing Zheng
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China.,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.
| | - Yuan Huang
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Guangliang Li
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Weibin Zou
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (ICBM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang, PR China.,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang, PR China
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Deciphering a Novel Necroptosis-Related miRNA Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:2721005. [PMID: 35509814 PMCID: PMC9061065 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2721005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common histological and devastating subtype of renal cell carcinoma. Necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that causes prominent inflammatory responses. miRNAs play a significant role in cancer progression through necroptosis. However, the prognostic value of necroptosis-related miRNAs remains ambiguous. In this study, 39 necroptosis-related miRNAs (NRMs) were extracted and 17 differentially expressed NRMs between normal and tumor samples were identified using data form The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). After applying univariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis and LASSO Cox regression model, six necroptosis-related miRNA signatures were identified in the training cohort and their expression levels were verified by qRT-PCR. Using the expression levels of these miRNAs, all patients were divided into the high- and low-risk groups. Patients in the high-risk group showed poor overall survival (P < 0.0001). Time-dependent ROC curves confirmed the good performance of our signature. The results were verified in the testing cohort and the entire TCGA cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models demonstrated that the risk score was an independent prognostic factor. Additionally, a predictive nomogram with good performance was constructed to enhance the implementation of the constructed signature in a clinical setting. We then employed miRBD, miRTarBase, and TargetScan to predict the target genes of six necroptosis-related miRNAs. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses indicated that 392 potential target genes were enriched in cell proliferation-related biological processes. Six miRNAs and 59 differentially expressed target genes were used to construct an miRNA–mRNA interaction network, and 11 hub genes were selected for survival and tumor infiltration analysis. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed potential drugs that may contribute to cancer management. Hence, necroptosis-related genes play an important role in cancer biology. We developed, for the first time, a necroptosis-related miRNA signature to predict ccRCC prognosis.
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Amiruddin A, Massi MN, Islam AA, Patellongi I, Pratama MY, Sutandyo N, Natzir R, Hatta M, Md Latar NH, Wahid S. microRNA-221 and tamoxifen resistance in luminal-subtype breast cancer patients: A case-control study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 73:103092. [PMID: 35079352 PMCID: PMC8767262 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.103092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Around 70% of breast cancers (BCs) are estrogen receptor-α (ERα)-positive. Adjuvant endocrine therapy is used to reduce estrogen levels and inhibit signal transduction through the ER. The anti-estrogen drugs that are most commonly used in endocrine therapy belong to the selective ER modulator (SERM) class and include tamoxifen. Although it has been used for three decades in cases of early-stage and ERα-positive BC, resistance to tamoxifen is a common problem. microRNAs (miRNAs) have a potential role in demonstrating BC resistance to tamoxifen therapy. Hence, there is a need to investigate the expression of miRNA-221 (miR-221) in luminal-subtype BC patients receiving tamoxifen therapy. Methods This case-control study investigated luminal-subtype BC patients who had undergone endocrine therapy for at least 1 year. The case group comprised patients with local or metastatic recurrence, and the control group comprised patients without local or metastatic recurrence. Results There was a significant difference in miR-221 expression (p = 0.005) between the case and control groups. There were no significant differences between the groups that were positive and negative for the progesterone receptor (PR) (p = 0.25), had high and low marker of proliferation Ki-67 levels (p = 0.60), were positive and negative for lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.14), and had stage 2 and stage 3 cancer (p = 0.25). Conclusion miR-221 expression was higher in tamoxifen-resistant BC cases. miR-221 is a potential biomarker of tamoxifen resistance. Tamoxifen is used to treat early-stage and estrogen receptor-α-positive breast cancer. Resistance to tamoxifen is a common problem. Serum microRNA-221 levels were higher in patients with local recurrence and metastasis. microRNA-221 is a potential serum biomarker of tamoxifen resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfiah Amiruddin
- Doctoral Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Nassrum Massi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Andi Asadul Islam
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Ilhamjaya Patellongi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Yogi Pratama
- Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Noorwati Sutandyo
- Department of Medical Hematology-Oncology, Dharmais Hospital National Cancer Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rosdiana Natzir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Mochammad Hatta
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Nani Harlina Md Latar
- Endocrine and Breast Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syarifuddin Wahid
- Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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Prediction of novel miRNA biomarker candidates for diagnostic and prognostic analysis of STAD and LIHC: An integrated in silico approach. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Anastasov N, Hirmer E, Klenner M, Ott J, Falkenberg N, Bao X, Mutschelknaus L, Moertl S, Combs S, Atkinson MJ, Schmid T. MEK1 Inhibitor Combined with Irradiation Reduces Migration of Breast Cancer Cells Including miR-221 and ZEB1 EMT Marker Expression. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123760. [PMID: 33327491 PMCID: PMC7764972 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy are an effective treatment for invasive breast cancer. However, some studies suggest that such interventions may increase the risk of metastasis. Cell metastatic behavior is highly dependent on RAS-RAF-MEK pathway and its downstream target activation, including miR-221 overexpression and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). By using MEK1 inhibitor (TAK-733) in combination with radiation therapy for breast cancer cells, significant decrease in migration capacity, including reduction of miR-221 and EMT (ZEB1) marker expression was observed. miR-221 holds great potential as therapeutic biomarker and target for new drug developments, however more insight into efficiency of miR-221 inhibition needs to be followed in the future. Abstract The miR-221 expression is dependent on the oncogenic RAS-RAF-MEK pathway activation and influences epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database analysis showed high gene significance for ZEB1 with EMT module analysis and miR-221 overexpression within the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and HER2+ subgroups when compared to luminal A/B subgroups. EMT marker expression analysis after MEK1 (TAK-733) inhibitor treatment and irradiation was combined with miR-221 and ZEB1 expression analysis. The interaction of miR-221 overexpression with irradiation and its influence on migration, proliferation, colony formation and subsequent EMT target activation were investigated. The results revealed that MEK1 inhibitor treatment combined with irradiation could decrease the migratory potential of breast cancer cells including reduction of miR-221 and corresponding downstream ZEB1 (EMT) marker expression. The clonogenic survival assays revealed that miR-221 overexpressing SKBR3 cells were more radioresistant when compared to the control. Remarkably, the effect of miR-221 overexpression on migration in highly proliferative and highly HER2-positive SKBR3 cells remained constant even upon 8 Gy irradiation. Further, in naturally miR-221-overexpressing MDA-MB-231 cells, the proliferation and migration significantly decrease after miR-221 knockdown. This leads to the assumption that radiation alone is not reducing migration capacity of miR-221-overexpressing cells and that additional factors play an important role in this context. The miR-221/ZEB1 activity is efficiently targeted upon MEK1 inhibitor (TAK-733) treatment and when combined with irradiation treatment, significant reduction in migration of breast cancer cells was shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Anastasov
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (E.H.); (M.K.); (J.O.); (X.B.); (L.M.); (S.M.); (M.J.A.)
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-893-187-3798; Fax: +49-893-187-3017
| | - Elisabeth Hirmer
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (E.H.); (M.K.); (J.O.); (X.B.); (L.M.); (S.M.); (M.J.A.)
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.C.); (T.S.)
| | - Marbod Klenner
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (E.H.); (M.K.); (J.O.); (X.B.); (L.M.); (S.M.); (M.J.A.)
| | - Jessica Ott
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (E.H.); (M.K.); (J.O.); (X.B.); (L.M.); (S.M.); (M.J.A.)
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.C.); (T.S.)
| | - Natalie Falkenberg
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany;
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Xuanwen Bao
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (E.H.); (M.K.); (J.O.); (X.B.); (L.M.); (S.M.); (M.J.A.)
| | - Lisa Mutschelknaus
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (E.H.); (M.K.); (J.O.); (X.B.); (L.M.); (S.M.); (M.J.A.)
| | - Simone Moertl
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (E.H.); (M.K.); (J.O.); (X.B.); (L.M.); (S.M.); (M.J.A.)
- Federal Office of Radiation Protection, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany
| | - Stephanie Combs
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.C.); (T.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael J. Atkinson
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (E.H.); (M.K.); (J.O.); (X.B.); (L.M.); (S.M.); (M.J.A.)
- Radiation Biology, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmid
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (S.C.); (T.S.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), 81675 Munich, Germany
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Dobre EG, Dinescu S, Costache M. Connecting the Missing Dots: ncRNAs as Critical Regulators of Therapeutic Susceptibility in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2698. [PMID: 32967267 PMCID: PMC7565380 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether acquired or de novo, drug resistance remains a significant hurdle in achieving therapeutic success in breast cancer (BC). Thus, there is an urge to find reliable biomarkers that will help in predicting the therapeutic response. Stable and easily accessible molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regarded as valuable prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets since they act as crucial regulators of the various mechanisms involved in BC drug resistance. Here, we reviewed the current literature on ncRNAs as mediators of resistance to systemic therapies in BC. Interestingly, upon integrating data results from individual studies, we concluded that miR-221, miR-222, miR-451, Urothelial Carcinoma Associated 1 (UCA1), and Growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5) are strong candidates as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets since they are regulating multiple drug resistance phenotypes in BC. However, further research around their clinical implications is needed to validate and integrate them into therapeutic applications. Therefore, we believe that our review may provide relevant evidence for the selection of novel therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for BC and will serve as a foundation for future translational research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena-Georgiana Dobre
- AMS Genetic Lab, 030882 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Sorina Dinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marieta Costache
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
- The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
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11
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MicroRNA-Dependent Targeting of RSU1 and the IPP Adhesion Complex Regulates the PTEN/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155458. [PMID: 32751711 PMCID: PMC7432699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The microRNA (miR)-directed control of gene expression is correlated with numerous physiological processes as well as the pathological features of tumors. The focus of this study is on the role of miRs in the regulation of RSU1 and proteins in the IPP (integrin linked kinase, PINCH and parvin) complex. Because the IPP adaptor proteins link β integrins to actin cytoskeleton, and the RSU1 signaling protein connects the complex to the activation of cJun, ATF2 and the transcription of PTEN, their reduction by miRs has the potential to alter both adhesion and survival signaling. (2) Methods: Multiple database analyses were used to identify miRs that target RSU1 and PINCH1. miR transfection validated the effects of miRs on RSU1, PINCH1 and downstream targets in breast cancer cell lines. (3) Results: The miRs targeting RSU1 mRNA include miR-182-5p, -409-3p, -130a-3p, -221-3p, -744-5p and -106b-5p. Data show that miR-182-5p and -409-3p reduce RSU1, PINCH1 and inhibit the ATF2 activation of PTEN expression. miR-221-3p and miR-130a-3p target RSU1 and PINCH1 and, conversely, RSU1 depletion increases miR-221-3p and miR-130a-3p. (4) Conclusions: miRs targeting RSU1 and PINCH1 in mammary epithelial or luminal breast cancer cell lines reduced RSU1 signaling to p38 MAP kinase and ATF2, inhibiting the expression of PTEN. miR-221-3p, known to target PTEN and cell cycle regulators, also targets RSU1 and PINCH1 in luminal breast cancer cell lines.
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12
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Ali Ahmed E, A. Abd El-bast S, A. Mohamed M, Swellam M. Clinical Impact of Oncomirs 221 and 222 on Breast Cancer Diagnosis. ASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2020:1-9. [DOI: 10.32948/ajo.2020.07.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of miRNAs, non-coding RNAs of 18-25 ( ̴ 22nt), is a hallmark of malignancies among them is breast cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the expression levels of circulating oncomiRNAs (miRNA-221and miRNA-222) as a minimally non-invasive method for early detection of breast cancer as compared to tumor markers (CEA, CA15.3).
Materials and methods MiRNA-221 and miRNA-222 expression levels were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in serum samples from three groups: primary breast cancer patients (n = 44), benign breast lesion patients (n = 25), and healthy individuals as control group (n = 19). Their diagnostic efficacy and relation with clinicopathological data were analyzed.
Results MiRNA-221 and miRNA-222 expression and tumor markers reported significant increase in their mean levels in breast cancer group as compared to the benign breast lesions or control individuals. Among clinicopathological factors, miRs reported significant relation with pathological types, clinical staging, histological grading and hormonal status, while CEA and CA15.3 did not revealed significance with these factors. The diagnostic efficacy for investigated miRNAs was superior to tumor markers especially for detection of early stages and low grade tumors.
Conclusion MiRNA-221 and miRNA-222 were superior over tumor markers for early detection of breast cancer especially those at high risk as primarybreast cancer patients with early stage or low grade tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ali Ahmed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University
| | - Sohair A. Abd El-bast
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University
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13
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Zografos E, Zagouri F, Kalapanida D, Zakopoulou R, Kyriazoglou A, Apostolidou K, Gazouli M, Dimopoulos MA. Prognostic role of microRNAs in breast cancer: A systematic review. Oncotarget 2019; 10:7156-7178. [PMID: 31903173 PMCID: PMC6935258 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play an important role in breast cancer, functioning either as potential oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, but their role in the prognosis of patients remains unclear. The aim of the present review study is to highlight recent preclinical and clinical studies performed on both circulating and tissue-specific miRNAs and their potential role as prognostic markers in breast cancer. We systematically searched the PubMed database to explore the prognostic value of miRNAs in breast cancer. After performing the literature search and review, 117 eligible studies were identified. We found that 110 aberrantly expressed miRNAs have been associated with prognosis in breast cancer. In conclusion, the collective data presented in this review indicate that miRNAs could serve as novel prognostic tools in breast cancer, while the clinical application of these findings has yet to be verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Zografos
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Flora Zagouri
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Kalapanida
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Roubini Zakopoulou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Kyriazoglou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kleoniki Apostolidou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Meletios-Athanasios Dimopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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14
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Stanisavljevic D, Popovic J, Petrovic I, Davidovic S, Atkinson MJ, Anastasov N, Stevanovic M. Radiation effects on early phase of NT2/D1 neural differentiation in vitro. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1627-1639. [PMID: 31509479 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1665207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Widespread medical use of radiation in diagnosis, imaging and treatment of different central nervous system malignancies lead to various consequences. Aim of this study was to further elucidate mechanism of cell response to radiation and possible consequence on neural differentiation.Materials and methods: NT2/D1 cells that resemble neural progenitors were used as a model system. Undifferentiated NT2/D1 cells and NT2/D1 cells in the early phase of neural differentiation were irradiated with low (0.2 Gy) and moderate (2 Gy) doses of γ radiation. The effect was analyzed on apoptosis, cell cycle, senescence, spheroid formation and the expression of genes and miRNAs involved in the regulation of pluripotency or neural differentiation.Results: Two grays of irradiation induced apoptosis, senescence and cell cycle arrest of NT2/D1 cells, accompanied with altered expression of several genes (SOX2, OCT4, SOX3, PAX6) and miRNAs (miR-219, miR-21, miR124-a). Presented results show that 2 Gy of radiation significantly affected early phase of neural differentiation in vitro.Conclusions: These results suggest that 2 Gy of radiation significantly affected early phase of neural differentiation and affect the population of neural progenitors. These findings might help in better understanding of side effects of radiotherapy in treatments of central nervous system malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Stanisavljevic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Popovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Isidora Petrovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Davidovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Michael J Atkinson
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Biology, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Radiation Biology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nataša Anastasov
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Biology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Milena Stevanovic
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia.,University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Belgrade, Serbia.,Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
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15
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Serum microRNA-21 predicted treatment outcome and survival in HER2-positive breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with trastuzumab. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 84:1039-1049. [PMID: 31482230 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of ser-miRNAs at different periods during treatment and analyze their relationship with therapeutic response and prognosis in HER2-positive breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with trastuzumab (NCCT). METHODS Venous blood was drawn from patients at different periods during NCCT. The expression of ser-miRNAs was assessed by qRT-PCR and their relation to treatment response and survival was analyzed. RESULTS The results showed the expression of miR-10b, -21, -34a, -125b, -145, -155, and -373 in patients before the start of treatment was significantly higher, ser-miR-210 was lower, and ser-miR-122 was comparable to the levels in healthy controls. Changes in ser-miR-21 levels during NCCT were significantly correlated to clinical response and survival and, however, were not associated with pathology response. The expression levels of ser-miR-21 were decreased from the start of NCCT to the end of the second cycle and from the start to the end of NCCT in clinical responders; however, there was no significant difference in non-responders. The patients with decreased ser-miR-21 expression from the start to the end of the second cycle and from the start to the end of NCCT had better overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) than those with elevated ser-miR-21 expression. CONCLUSION These results showed that changes in ser-miR-21 levels were significantly related to NCCT clinical response and prognosis. Ser-miR-21 may serve as a non-invasive biomarker to predict NCCT response in HER2-positive breast cancer.
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16
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Liu K, Wang L, Sun E. Prognostic value of miR-221 in human malignancy: evidence from 3041 subjects. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:867. [PMID: 31470827 PMCID: PMC6717359 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6079-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MiR-221, acting as onco-miR or oncosuppressor-miR, plays an important role in tumor progression; however, the prognostic value of miR-221 in human carcinomas is controversial and inconclusive. The objective of our study was to conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of miR-221 in various types of human cancers. Methods An online search of up-to-date electronic databases, including PubMed and Embase, was conducted to identify as many relevant papers as possible. 32 papers involving 3041 patients with different carcinomas were included in the analysis. Hazard ratios (HRs) of miR-221 were used to evaluate prognostic values. Results Thirty-two papers involving 15 cancers were included. MiR-221 was associated with a worse overall survival (OS) in patients, and a combined HR was 1.93 (95% CI of 1.43–2.60, 2080 patients, 22 studies, I-squared = 80.4%, P = 0.000); however, the combined HR for relapse-free survival (RFS) was 1.37 (95% CI of 0.75–2.48, 625 patients, 7 studies, I-squared = 78.8%, P = 0.000), and disease-free survival (DFS) was 1.24 (95% CI of 0.60–2.56, 539 patients, 5 studies, I-squared = 81.8%, P = 0.000). Conclusion MiR-221 was shown to be associated with a poor OS in human carcinomas, and thus may serve as a useful predictor of clinical outcomes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-6079-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin institute of urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No 23, PingJiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Lining Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin institute of urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No 23, PingJiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Erlin Sun
- Department of Urology, Tianjin institute of urology, The 2nd Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, No 23, PingJiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Kabekkodu SP, Shukla V, Varghese VK, Adiga D, Vethil Jishnu P, Chakrabarty S, Satyamoorthy K. Cluster miRNAs and cancer: Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic opportunities. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2019; 11:e1563. [PMID: 31436881 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MiRNAs are class of noncoding RNA important for gene expression regulation in many plants, animals and viruses. MiRNA clusters contain a set of two or more miRNA encoding genes, transcribed together as polycistronic miRNAs. Currently, there are approximately 159 miRNA clusters reported in the human genome consisting of miRNAs ranging from two or more miRNA genes. A large proportion of clustered miRNAs resides in and around the fragile sites or cancer associated genomic hotspots and plays an important role in carcinogenesis. Altered expression of miRNA cluster can be pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic and can be targeted for clinical management of cancer. Over the past few years, manipulation of miRNA clusters expression is attempted for experimental purpose as well as for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic applications in cancer. Re-expression of miRNAs by epigenetic therapy, genome editing such as clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and miRNA mowers showed promising results in cancer therapy. In this review, we focused on the potential of miRNA clusters as a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, targeted therapy as well as strategies for modulating their expression in a therapeutic context. This article is categorized under: Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs RNA Processing > Processing of Small RNAs RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Biogenesis of Effector Small RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vaibhav Shukla
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinay Koshy Varghese
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Padacherri Vethil Jishnu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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18
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Das K, Paul S, Singh A, Ghosh A, Roy A, Ansari SA, Prasad R, Mukherjee A, Sen P. Triple-negative breast cancer-derived microvesicles transfer microRNA221 to the recipient cells and thereby promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:13681-13696. [PMID: 31341019 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The triple-negative phenotype is the most prevalent form of human breast cancer worldwide and is characterized by poor survival, high aggressiveness, and recurrence. Microvesicles (MV) are shredded plasma membrane components and critically mediate cell-cell communication, but can also induce cancer proliferation and metastasis. Previous studies have revealed that protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) contributes significantly to human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression by releasing nano-size MV and promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. MV isolated from highly aggressive human TNBC cells impart metastatic potential to nonmetastatic cells. Over-expression of microRNA221 (miR221) has also been reported to enhance the metastatic potential of human TNBC, but miR221's relationship to PAR2-induced MV is unclear. Here, using isolated MV, immunoblotting, quantitative RT-PCR, FACS analysis, and enzymatic assays, we show that miR221 is translocated via human TNBC-derived MV, which upon fusion with recipient cells, enhance their proliferation, survival, and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo by inducing the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Administration of anti-miR221 significantly impaired MV-induced expression of the mesenchymal markers Snail, Slug, N-cadherin, and vimentin in the recipient cells, whereas restoring expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin. We also demonstrate that MV-associated miR221 targets phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in the recipient cells, followed by AKT Ser/Thr kinase (AKT)/NF-κB activation, which promotes EMT. Moreover, elevated miR221 levels in MV derived from human TNBC patients' blood could induce cell proliferation and metastasis in recipient cells. In summary, miR221 transfer from TNBC cells via PAR2-derived MV induces EMT and enhances the malignant potential of recipient cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Das
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Subhojit Paul
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arpana Singh
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Roy
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | | | - Ramesh Prasad
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ashis Mukherjee
- A Unit of Himadri Memorial Cancer Welfare Trust, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata 700016, India
| | - Prosenjit Sen
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
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19
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Klinge CM, Piell KM, Tooley CS, Rouchka EC. HNRNPA2/B1 is upregulated in endocrine-resistant LCC9 breast cancer cells and alters the miRNA transcriptome when overexpressed in MCF-7 cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9430. [PMID: 31263129 PMCID: PMC6603045 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45636-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are dysregulated in breast cancer. Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A2/B1 (HNRNPA2/B1) is a reader of the N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) mark in primary-miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) and promotes DROSHA processing to precursor-miRNAs (pre-miRNAs). We examined the expression of writers, readers, and erasers of m6A and report that HNRNPA2/B1 expression is higher in tamoxifen-resistant LCC9 breast cancer cells as compared to parental, tamoxifen-sensitive MCF-7 cells. To examine how increased expression of HNRNPA2/B1 affects miRNA expression, HNRNPA2/B1 was transiently overexpressed (~5.4-fold) in MCF-7 cells for whole genome miRNA profiling (miRNA-seq). 148 and 88 miRNAs were up- and down-regulated, respectively, 48 h after transfection and 177 and 172 up- and down-regulated, respectively, 72 h after transfection. MetaCore Enrichment analysis identified progesterone receptor action and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling via miRNA in breast cancer as pathways downstream of the upregulated miRNAs and TGFβ signaling via SMADs and Notch signaling as pathways of the downregulated miRNAs. GO biological processes for mRNA targets of HNRNPA2/B1-regulated miRNAs included response to estradiol and cell-substrate adhesion. qPCR confirmed HNRNPA2B1 downregulation of miR-29a-3p, miR-29b-3p, and miR-222 and upregulation of miR-1266-5p, miR-1268a, miR-671-3p. Transient overexpression of HNRNPA2/B1 reduced MCF-7 sensitivity to 4-hydroxytamoxifen and fulvestrant, suggesting a role for HNRNPA2/B1 in endocrine-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
| | - Kellianne M Piell
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Christine Schaner Tooley
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Eric C Rouchka
- Bioinformatics and Biomedical Computing Laboratory, Department of Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
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20
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Gorbatenko A, Søkilde R, Sorensen EE, Newie I, Persson H, Morancho B, Arribas J, Litman T, Rovira C, Pedersen SF. HER2 and p95HER2 differentially regulate miRNA expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and downregulate MYB proteins through miR-221/222 and miR-503. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3352. [PMID: 30833639 PMCID: PMC6399295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39733-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The HER2 oncogene and its truncated form p95HER2 play central roles in breast cancer. Here, we show that although HER2 and p95HER2 generally elicit qualitatively similar changes in miRNA profile in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, a subset of changes are distinct and p95HER2 shifts the miRNA profile towards the basal breast cancer subtype. High-throughput miRNA profiling was carried out 15, 36 and 60 h after HER2 or p95HER2 expression and central hits validated by RT-qPCR. miRNAs strongly regulated by p95HER2 yet not by HER2, included miR-221, miR-222, miR-503, miR-29a, miR-149, miR-196 and miR-361. Estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) expression was essentially ablated by p95HER2 expression, in a manner recapitulated by miR-221/-222 mimics. c-Myb family transcription factors MYB and MYBL1, but not MYBL2, were downregulated by p95HER2 and by miR-503 or miR-221/-222 mimics. MYBL1 3′UTR inhibition by miR-221/222 was lost by deletion of a single putative miR-221/222 binding sites. p95HER2 expression, or knockdown of either MYB protein, elicited upregulation of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloprotease-2 (TIMP2). miR-221/222 and -503 mimics increased, and TIMP2 knockdown decreased, cell migration and invasion. A similar pathway was operational in T47D- and SKBr-3 cells. This work reveals important differences between HER2- and p95HER2- mediated miRNA changes in breast cancer cells, provides novel mechanistic insight into regulation of MYB family transcription factors by p95HER2, and points to a role for a miR-221/222– MYB family–TIMP2 axis in regulation of motility in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Gorbatenko
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, 10029, USA.,Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rolf Søkilde
- BioCare, Strategic Cancer Research Program, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ester E Sorensen
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Inga Newie
- BioCare, Strategic Cancer Research Program, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Helena Persson
- BioCare, Strategic Cancer Research Program, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Beatriz Morancho
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology and CIBERONC, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquin Arribas
- Preclinical Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology and CIBERONC, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Campus de la UAB, JA, Bellaterra, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, JA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Litman
- Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlos Rovira
- BioCare, Strategic Cancer Research Program, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stine Falsig Pedersen
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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21
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Ren Y, Yang M, Ma R, Gong Y, Zou Y, Wang T, Wu J. Microcystin-LR promotes migration via the cooperation between microRNA-221/PTEN and STAT3 signal pathway in colon cancer cell line DLD-1. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 167:107-113. [PMID: 30312888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous researches have reported that microcystin-LR (MC-LR) contributes to the progression of multiple types of carcinomas including colon cancer; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear and require in-depth investigation. Here, the colon cell line DLD-1 was arranged for the analysis by the microRNA microarray which was associated with the cancer metastasis after MC-LR exposure. 31 human microRNAs were differentially expressed, including miR-221, which targeted 3'-UTR of PTEN mRNA and PTEN level was down-regulated by MC-LR treatment. Besides, MC-LR also induced the phosphorylation of STAT3, which can be reversed by adding miR-221 inhibitor and PTEN expression plasmid. Furthermore, miR-221 inhibitor, STAT3 siRNA and PTEN expression plasmid could reverse the effects of MC-LR induced migration with the accumulation of β-catenin in nuclei. In conclusion, our study suggested that MC-LR promoted the progression of colon carcinoma, at least in part, by regulating the expression miR-221, PTEN and STAT3 phosphorylation, which offers a novel perspective to understand the connection between MC-LR and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ren
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengli Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Ma
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, China
| | - Yuntao Zou
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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22
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Chen X, Chen Y, Huang HM, Li HD, Bu FT, Pan XY, Yang Y, Li WX, Li XF, Huang C, Meng XM, Li J. SUN2: A potential therapeutic target in cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1401-1408. [PMID: 30675193 PMCID: PMC6341589 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cancer is increasing at an alarming rate despite recent advances in prevention strategies, diagnostics and therapeutics for various types of cancer. The identification of novel biomarkers to aid in prognosis and treatment for cancer is urgently required. Uncontrolled proliferation and dysregulated apoptosis are characteristics exhibited by cancer cells in the initiation of various types of cancer. Notably, aberrant expression of crucial oncogenes or cancer suppressors is a defining event in cancer occurrence. Research has demonstrated that SAD1/UNC84 domain protein-2 (SUN2) serves a suppressive role in breast cancer, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors and lung cancer progression. Furthermore, SUN2 inhibits cancer cell proliferation, migration and promotes apoptosis. Recent reports have also shown that SUN2 serves prominent roles in resistance to the excessive DNA damage that destabilizes the genome and promotes cancer development, and these functions of SUN2 are critical for evading initiation of cancer. Additionally, increasing evidence has demonstrated that SUN2 is involved in maintaining cell nuclear structure and appears to be a central component for organizing the natural nuclear architecture in cancer cells. The focus of the present review is to provide an overview on the pharmacological functions of SUN2 in cancers. These findings suggest that SUN2 may serve as a promising therapeutic target and novel predictive marker in various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Min Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Di Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Tian Bu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Yin Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Xia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, Anhui 246003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China.,Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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23
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Ji J, Chen H, Liu XP, Wang YH, Luo CL, Zhang WW, Xie W, Wang FB. A miRNA Combination as Promising Biomarker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis: A Study Based on Bioinformatics Analysis. J Cancer 2018; 9:3435-3446. [PMID: 30310500 PMCID: PMC6171011 DOI: 10.7150/jca.26101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: miRNAs dysregulate in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), showing promise for diagnostic biomarkers which may be found through exploration of differentially expressed miRNAs when comparing HCC and normal liver tissues. Materials and Methods: In the present research, candidate miRNAs were selected and verified using screening dataset GSE12717 and training dataset GSE10694, respectively. A miRNA combination was constructed using stepwise logistic regression analysis and validated using two datasets GSE74618 and TCGA. Target genes of miRNAs in the combination were obtained using a miRNA target gene prediction database. Functional analysis was conducted using an online tool DAVID. We also analyzed the mRNA-Seq data of project LIHC from TCGA to identify the hub target genes of the miRNAs. Results: A miRNA combination, which is composed of hsa-miR-221 and hsa-miR-29c was defined in this study. The miRNA combination is more effective in discriminating HCC patients from normal individuals than individual miRNAs. Additionally, the combined miRNAs showed a lower misdiagnosis rate than AFP in HCC diagnosis. In terms of the functional analysis, a total of 27 target genes of hsa-miR-221 and 96 target genes of hsa-miR-29c were obtained. Among which, INSIG1 was the common target of the two miRNAs. It was also found that both previously mentioned miRNAs played important roles in the regulation of transcription, cell proliferation, and involvement in cancer-related pathways. Lastly, 2 hub target genes of hsa-miR-221 and 16 hub target genes of hsa-miR-29c were obtained. Conclusion: We established a miRNA combination as a promising tool for HCC diagnosis, and the target genes we predicted provide possible points of penetration for researching these two miRNAs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liu
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Hui Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Liang Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Wu-Wen Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Wen Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Bing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P.R. China
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24
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Chernyy V, Pustylnyak V, Kozlov V, Gulyaeva L. Increased expression of miR-155 and miR-222 is associated with lymph node positive status. J Cancer 2018; 9:135-140. [PMID: 29290778 PMCID: PMC5743720 DOI: 10.7150/jca.22181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of prognostic molecular markers of breast cancer is extremely important. The spreading out of the primary breast tumour cells to the lymphatic system is at the forefront of symbolising the first signs of distant organ metastasis. Deregulated genes in breast cancer tissues that spread to lymph nodes may show early predictive molecular markers. In the present study, we selected five microRNAs, which play a key function in the invasion-metastasis cascade. We investigated the levels of microRNAs in 80 paired samples of BC and matched adjoining tissues, and we examined the potential relationships between microRNA levels and positive lymph node status. Our results attest that three microRNAs (miR-21, miR-155, miR-222) were significantly up-regulated, whilst miR-205 was substantially down-regulated in BC tissues in relation to normal adjoining tissues in a heterogeneous patient cohort. The high levels of two microRNAs, miR-155 and miR-222, showed a statistical relation with the positive lymph node status, especially in patients that had triple negative BC. Conversely, miR-155 was substantially down-regulated in tumour tissues of patients who received preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) compared with tumour tissues of patients without NAC in cohorts sub-classified to lymph node positive status. Our findings show evidence that the miR-155 and the miR-222 can be defined as molecular markers in regards to cancer patients to prognosticate spread to the lymph node. They also showed that the miR-155 could have crucial significances in BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Chernyy
- The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Timakova str., 2/12, Russia
| | - Vladimir Pustylnyak
- The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Timakova str., 2/12, Russia
| | - Vadim Kozlov
- The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Timakova str., 2/12, Russia
| | - Lyudmila Gulyaeva
- The Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Timakova str., 2/12, Russia
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25
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Tsikrika FD, Avgeris M, Levis PK, Tokas T, Stravodimos K, Scorilas A. miR-221/222 cluster expression improves clinical stratification of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (TaT1) patients' risk for short-term relapse and progression. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2017; 57:150-161. [PMID: 29181884 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical heterogeneity of bladder cancer prognosis requires the identification of bladder tumors' molecular profile to improve the prediction value of the established and clinically used markers. In this study, we have analyzed miR-221/222 cluster expression in bladder tumors and its clinical significance for patients' prognosis and disease outcome. The study included 387 tissue specimens. Following extraction, total RNA was polyadenylated at 3'-end and reversed transcribed. SYBR-Green based qPCR assays were performed for the quantification of miR-221/222 expression. Extensive statistical analysis was completed for the evaluation of miR-221/222 cluster's clinical significance. The expression of miR-221/222 is significantly downregulated in tumors compared to normal urothelium, while ROC curve and logistic regression analysis highlighted cluster's discriminatory ability. However, miR-222 levels were increased in muscle-invasive (T2-T4) compared to superficial tumors (TaT1), and in high compared to low-grade tumors. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression analysis revealed the stronger risk of TaT1 patients overexpressing miR-222 for disease short-term relapse and progression following treatment. Moreover, multivariate Cox models highlighted the independent prognostic value of miR-222 overexpression for TaT1 patients' poor prognosis. Finally, the analysis of miR-222 expression improved significantly the positive prediction strength of the clinically used prognostic markers of tumor stage, grade, EORTC risk-stratification and recurrence at the first follow-up cystoscopy for TaT1 patients' outcome, and resulted to higher clinical net benefit following decision curve analysis. In conclusion, the expression of miR-221/222 cluster is deregulated in bladder tumors and miR-222 overexpression results to a superior positive prediction of TaT1 patients' short-term relapse and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini D Tsikrika
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 157 01, Greece
| | - Margaritis Avgeris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 157 01, Greece
| | - Panagiotis K Levis
- First Department of Urology, "Laiko" General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Agiou Thoma 17, Athens, 115 27, Greece
| | - Theodoros Tokas
- First Department of Urology, "Laiko" General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Agiou Thoma 17, Athens, 115 27, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Stravodimos
- First Department of Urology, "Laiko" General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Agiou Thoma 17, Athens, 115 27, Greece
| | - Andreas Scorilas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Athens, 157 01, Greece
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26
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Andersen GB, Knudsen A, Hager H, Hansen LL, Tost J. miRNA profiling identifies deregulated miRNAs associated with osteosarcoma development and time to metastasis in two large cohorts. Mol Oncol 2017; 12:114-131. [PMID: 29120535 PMCID: PMC5748490 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone tumor primarily affecting children and adolescents. The etiology of OS is not fully understood. Thus, there is a great need to obtain a better understanding of OS development and progression. Alterations in miRNA expression contribute to the required molecular alterations for neoplastic initiation and progression. This study is the first to investigate miRNA expression in OS in a large discovery and validation cohort comprising a total of 101 OS samples. We established the signature of altered miRNA expression in OS by profiling the expression level of 752 miRNAs in 23 OS samples using sensitive LNA-enhanced qPCR assays. The identified miRNA expression changes were correlated with gene expression in the same samples. Furthermore, miRNA expression changes were validated in a second independent cohort consisting of 78 OS samples. Analysis of 752 miRNAs in the discovery cohort led to the identification of 33 deregulated miRNAs in OS. Twenty-nine miRNAs were validated with statistical significance in the second cohort comprising 78 OS samples. miRNA/mRNA targets were determined, and 361 genes with an inverse expression of the target miRNA were identified. Both the miRNAs and the identified target genes were associated with multiple pathways related to cancer as well as bone cell biology, thereby correlating the deregulated miRNAs with OS tumorigenesis. An analysis of the prognostic value of the 29 miRNAs identified miR-221/miR-222 to be significantly associated with time to metastasis in both cohorts. This study contributes to a more profound understanding of OS tumorigenesis, by substantiating the importance of miRNA deregulation. We have identified and validated 29 deregulated miRNAs in the - to our knowledge - largest discovery and validation cohorts used so far for miRNA analyses in OS. Two of the miRNAs showed a promising potential as prognostic biomarkers for the aggressiveness of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitte B. Andersen
- Department of BiomedicineAarhus UniversityDenmark
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de la Recherche en Génomique HumaineCEA ‐ Institut de Biologie Francois JaçobEvryFrance
| | | | - Henrik Hager
- Department of PathologyAarhus University HospitalDenmark
- Department of PathologyVejle HospitalDenmark
| | | | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and EnvironmentCentre National de la Recherche en Génomique HumaineCEA ‐ Institut de Biologie Francois JaçobEvryFrance
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27
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Deng L, Lei Q, Wang Y, Wang Z, Xie G, Zhong X, Wang Y, Chen N, Qiu Y, Pu T, Bu H, Zheng H. Downregulation of miR-221-3p and upregulation of its target gene PARP1 are prognostic biomarkers for triple negative breast cancer patients and associated with poor prognosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:108712-108725. [PMID: 29312562 PMCID: PMC5752475 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) closely associated with the prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and their possible targets. This study recruited 125 early-stage TNBC patients, including 40 cases in the experimental group (20 cases with poor prognoses vs. 20 cases with good prognoses) and 85 cases in the validation group (27 cases with poor prognoses vs. 58 cases with good prognoses). In the experimental group, miRNA microarray showed 34 differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with different prognoses. We selected 5 miRNAs for validation. The differential expression of miR-221-3p was further verified in the experimental and validation groups using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). High miR-221-3p expression was associated with better 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 0.480; 95% CI, 0.263-0.879; p = 0.017) of TNBC patients. High expression of its target gene PARP1 predicted poorer 5-year DFS (HR = 2.236, 95% CI, 1.209-4.136, p = 0.010). MiR-221-3p down-regulated PARP1 by targeting its 3'-untranslated region. In conclusion, low miR-221-3p expression may contribute to the poor outcome of TNBC patients through regulating PARP1. MiR-221-3p likely plays a role as a PARP1 inhibitor by directly regulating PARP1 expression, thereby affecting the prognoses of TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianqian Lei
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing Cancer Institute & Hospital & Cancer Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guiqin Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhong
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nianyong Chen
- Cancer center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianjie Pu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Bu
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Clinical Research Center for Breast, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Cancer center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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28
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Mandujano-Tinoco EA, Garcia-Venzor A, Muñoz-Galindo L, Lizarraga-Sanchez F, Favela-Orozco A, Chavez-Gutierrez E, Krötzsch E, Salgado RM, Melendez-Zajgla J, Maldonado V. miRNA expression profile in multicellular breast cancer spheroids. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:1642-1655. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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29
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Han SH, Kim HJ, Gwak JM, Kim M, Chung YR, Park SY. MicroRNA-222 Expression as a Predictive Marker for Tumor Progression in Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2017; 20:35-44. [PMID: 28382093 PMCID: PMC5378578 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2017.20.1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The microRNA-221/222 (miR-221/222) gene cluster has been reported to be associated with the promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), downregulation of estrogen receptor-α, and tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. We studied the expression of miR-222 in human breast cancer samples to analyze its relationship with clinicopathologic features of the tumor, including estrogen receptor status, expression of EMT markers, and clinical outcomes. Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the expression of miR-222 in 197 invasive breast cancers. Expression of EMT markers (vimentin, smooth muscle actin, osteonectin, N-cadherin, and E-cadherin) was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Results High miR-222 levels were associated with high T stage, high histologic grade, high Ki-67 proliferation index, and HER2 gene amplification. Its expression was significantly higher in the luminal B and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) subtypes than in the luminal A and triple-negative subtypes. In the hormone receptor-positive subgroup, there was a significant negative correlation between miR-222 and estrogen receptor expression, and miR-222 expression was associated with EMT marker expression. In the group as a whole, high miR-222 expression was not associated with clinical outcome. However, subgroup analyses by hormone receptor status revealed that high miR-222 expression was a poor prognostic factor in the hormone receptor-positive subgroup, but not in the hormone receptor-negative subgroup. Conclusion This study showed that miR-222 is associated with down-regulation of the estrogen receptor, EMT, and tumor progression in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, indicating that miR-222 might be associated with endocrine therapy resistance and poor clinical outcome in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Hee Han
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae Moon Gwak
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Mimi Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yul Ri Chung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Yeon Park
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.; Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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30
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Song J, Ouyang Y, Che J, Li X, Zhao Y, Yang K, Zhao X, Chen Y, Fan C, Yuan W. Potential Value of miR-221/222 as Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Biomarkers for Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:56. [PMID: 28261196 PMCID: PMC5311065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by base pairing with their target messenger RNAs. Dysregulation of miRNAs is involved in the pathological initiation and progression of many human diseases. miR-221 and miR-222 (miR-221/222) are two highly homologous miRNAs, and they are significantly overexpressed in several types of human diseases. Silencing miR-221/222 could represent a promising approach for therapeutic studies. In the present review, we will describe the potential value of miR-221/222 as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers in various diseases including cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Song
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanming Ouyang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyi Che
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Kejia Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yinghui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Weien Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
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31
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Manicardi A, Bertucci A, Rozzi A, Corradini R. A Bifunctional Monomer for On-Resin Synthesis of Polyfunctional PNAs and Tailored Induced-Fit Switching Probes. Org Lett 2016; 18:5452-5455. [PMID: 27768299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic strategy for the production of polyfunctional PNAs bearing substituent groups both on the nucleobase and on the backbone C5 carbon of the same monomer is described; this is based on the use of a tris-orthogonally protected monomer and subsequent solid-phase selective functionalization. This strategy can be used for synthesizing PNAs that are not readily accessible by use of preformed modified monomers. As an example, a PNA-based probe that undergoes a switch in its fluorescence emission upon hybridization with a target oligonucleotide, induced by tailor-made movement of two pyrene substituent groups, was synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Manicardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43123, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertucci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43123, Italy
| | - Andrea Rozzi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43123, Italy
| | - Roberto Corradini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Parma , Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma 43123, Italy.,I.N.B.B. Consortium , Viale delle Medaglie D'Oro, 305, 00136 Roma, Italy
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32
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Amorim M, Salta S, Henrique R, Jerónimo C. Decoding the usefulness of non-coding RNAs as breast cancer markers. J Transl Med 2016; 14:265. [PMID: 27629831 PMCID: PMC5024523 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-1025-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although important advances in the management of breast cancer (BC) have been recently accomplished, it still constitutes the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. BC is a heterogeneous and complex disease, making clinical prediction of outcome a very challenging task. In recent years, gene expression profiling emerged as a tool to assist in clinical decision, enabling the identification of genetic signatures that better predict prognosis and response to therapy. Nevertheless, translation to routine practice has been limited by economical and technical reasons and, thus, novel biomarkers, especially those requiring non-invasive or minimally invasive collection procedures, while retaining high sensitivity and specificity might represent a significant development in this field. An increasing amount of evidence demonstrates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), are aberrantly expressed in several cancers, including BC. miRNAs are of particular interest as new, easily accessible, cost-effective and non-invasive tools for precise management of BC patients because they circulate in bodily fluids (e.g., serum and plasma) in a very stable manner, enabling BC assessment and monitoring through liquid biopsies. This review focus on how ncRNAs have the potential to answer present clinical needs in the personalized management of patients with BC and comprehensively describes the state of the art on the role of ncRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of response to therapy in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Amorim
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPOPorto), Research Center-LAB 3, F Bdg, 1st floor, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Salta
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPOPorto), Research Center-LAB 3, F Bdg, 1st floor, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPOPorto), Research Center-LAB 3, F Bdg, 1st floor, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPOPorto), Research Center-LAB 3, F Bdg, 1st floor, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal. .,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal.
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33
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Petrovic N, Davidovic R, Jovanovic-Cupic S, Krajnovic M, Lukic S, Petrovic M, Roganovic J. Changes in miR-221/222 Levels in Invasive and In Situ Carcinomas of the Breast: Differences in Association with Estrogen Receptor and TIMP3 Expression Levels. Mol Diagn Ther 2016; 20:603-615. [DOI: 10.1007/s40291-016-0230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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34
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Falkenberg N, Anastasov N, Schaub A, Radulovic V, Schmitt M, Magdolen V, Aubele M. Secreted uPAR isoform 2 (uPAR7b) is a novel direct target of miR-221. Oncotarget 2016; 6:8103-14. [PMID: 25797271 PMCID: PMC4480738 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
miR-221/-222 and components of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator system (uPAS) are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in breast cancer, including the triple-negative subtype (TNBC). Modification of components of uPAS and involved miRNAs may contribute to targeted therapy for breast cancer patients. miR-221−/−222-overexpressing or miR-221-depleted cells were employed for qRT-PCR and Western blots to show associations of uPAR with miR-221/-222. To substantiate direct targeting of miR-221/-222 within 3′ UTR of the uPAR isoform 2, in silico analysesand in vitro assays were conducted. Significant associations between miR-221 and uPAR isoform 2 expressions were observed at the mRNA and protein levels in breast cancer cells representing TNBC. For the first time, the uPAR isoform 2 was demonstrated as direct target for miR-221/-222. Inhibition of miR-221 reduced uPAR protein expression and expression of the tumor cell invasion markers vimentin and RHOC. These results demonstrate a direct and positive regulation of the secreted uPAR isoform 2 by miR-221, increasing its protein expression, a prerequisite for malignancy, while the other uPAR isoforms (1, 3 and 4) are indirectly regulated through miR-10b and miR-221/-222. By targeting uPAR isoforms and/or miRNA-221/-222, the diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer, in particular in TNBC, could be significantly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Falkenberg
- Institute of Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nataša Anastasov
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annalisa Schaub
- Institute of Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Vanja Radulovic
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Manfred Schmitt
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Viktor Magdolen
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Michaela Aubele
- Institute of Pathology, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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35
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Li B, Lu Y, Wang H, Han X, Mao J, Li J, Yu L, Wang B, Fan S, Yu X, Song B. RETRACTED: miR-221/222 enhance the tumorigenicity of human breast cancer stem cells via modulation of PTEN/Akt pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 79:93-101. [PMID: 27044817 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Concerns were raised in the public domain and also reported by the authors to the journal regarding the similarity between various panels from Figures 2 and 3. Given also the institutional investigation, the journal requested the authors to provide the raw data. However, the authors were not able to provide raw data of sufficient quality and detail for the journal to independently audit the provenance and validity of the data, and therefore the Editor-in-Chief decided to retract the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailong Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Grade 2013, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Honghai Wang
- Academic Affairs Department, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaocui Han
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jun Mao
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jiazhi Li
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lihui Yu
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shujun Fan
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaotang Yu
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Pathology and Forensics, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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36
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Di Martino MT, Rossi M, Caracciolo D, Gullà A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Mir-221/222 are promising targets for innovative anticancer therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1099-108. [PMID: 26959615 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1164693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key non-coding RNA post-transcriptional regulators of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and are deeply dysregulated in human cancer. A rising body of evidence indicates that miRNAs represent valuable therapeutic targets. In this light, the cluster miR-221/222 are of particular relevance, given that they are strongly upregulated in a variety of solid and hematologic malignancies. AREA COVERED This review summarizes recent findings on the roles played by miR-221/222 in human cancer and their potential clinical value as promising targets for therapeutic studies. EXPERT OPINION The rising body of advanced preclinical evidence on the biological significance of miR-221/222 in a variety of malignancies indicates that they will play a crucial role in the future of innovative therapeutic strategies, both as validated biomarkers and targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Di Martino
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Marco Rossi
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Daniele Caracciolo
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Annamaria Gullà
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy.,b Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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37
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Luqmani YA, Alam-Eldin N. Overcoming Resistance to Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer: New Approaches to a Nagging Problem. Med Princ Pract 2016; 25 Suppl 2:28-40. [PMID: 26849149 PMCID: PMC5588530 DOI: 10.1159/000444451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In the majority of women, breast cancer progresses through increased transcriptional activity due to over-expressed oestrogen receptors (ER). Therapeutic strategies include: (i) reduction of circulating ovarian oestrogens or of peripherally produced oestrogen (in postmenopausal women) with aromatase inhibitors and (ii) application of selective ER modulators for receptor blockade. The success of these interventions is limited by the variable but persistent onset of acquired resistance and by an intrinsic refractiveness which manifests despite adequate levels of ER in about 50% of patients with advanced metastatic disease. Loss of functional ER leads to endocrine insensitivity, loss of cellular adhesion and polarity, and increased migratory potential due to trans-differentiation of the epithelial cancer cells into a mesenchymal-like phenotype (epithelial-mesenchymal transition; EMT). Multiple mechanisms contributing to therapeutic failure have been proposed: (i) loss or modification of ER expression including epigenetic mechanisms, (ii) agonistic actions of selective ER modulators that may be enhanced through an increased expression of co-activators, (iii) attenuation of the tamoxifen metabolism through expression of genetic variants of P450 cytochromes which leads to more or less active metabolites and (iv) increased growth factor signalling particularly through epidermal growth factor receptor activation of pathways involving keratinocyte growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and nuclear factor x03BA;B. In addition, the small non-coding microRNAs, recently recognized as critical gene regulators, exhibit differential expression in tamoxifen-sensitive versus resistant cell lines. Several studies suggest the potential of using these either as targets or as therapeutic agents to modulate EMT regulators as a means of reversing the aggressive metastatic phenotype by reversal of the EMT, with the added benefit of re-sensitization to anti-oestrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus A. Luqmani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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38
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Tuna M, Machado AS, Calin GA. Genetic and epigenetic alterations of microRNAs and implications for human cancers and other diseases. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2015; 55:193-214. [PMID: 26651018 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a well-studied group of noncoding RNAs that control gene expression by interacting mainly with messenger RNA. It is known that miRNAs and their biogenesis regulatory machineries have crucial roles in multiple cell processes; thus, alterations in these genes often lead to disease, such as cancer. Disruption of these genes can occur through epigenetic and genetic alterations, resulting in aberrant expression of miRNAs and subsequently of their target genes. This review focuses on the disruption of miRNAs and their key regulatory machineries by genetic alterations, with emphasis on mutations and epigenetic changes in cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musaffe Tuna
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Andreia S Machado
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - George A Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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39
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Bertucci A, Prasetyanto EA, Septiadi D, Manicardi A, Brognara E, Gambari R, Corradini R, De Cola L. Combined Delivery of Temozolomide and Anti-miR221 PNA Using Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Induces Apoptosis in Resistant Glioma Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:5687-95. [PMID: 26395266 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201500540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs), 100 nm in size, incorporating a Cy5 fluorophore within the silica framework, are synthesized and loaded with the anti-cancer drug temozolomide (TMZ), used in the treatment of gliomas. The surface of the particles is then decorated, using electrostatic interactions, with a polyarginine-peptide nucleic acid (R8-PNA) conjugate targeting the miR221 microRNA. The multi-functional nanosystem thus obtained is rapidly internalized into glioma C6 or T98G cells. The anti-miR activity of the PNA is retained, as confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) measurements and induction of apoptosis is observed in temozolomide-resistant cell lines. The TMZ-loaded MSNPs show an enhanced pro-apoptotic effect, and the combined effect of TMZ and R8-PNA in the MSNPs shows the most effective induction of apoptosis (70.9% of apoptotic cells) thus far achieved in the temozolomide-resistant T98G cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Bertucci
- Institut de science et d'ingénierie supramoléculaire (ISIS) & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Eko Adi Prasetyanto
- Institut de science et d'ingénierie supramoléculaire (ISIS) & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Dedy Septiadi
- Institut de science et d'ingénierie supramoléculaire (ISIS) & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Alex Manicardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Eleonora Brognara
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Università di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambari
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biotecnologie, Università di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Roberto Corradini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Institut de science et d'ingénierie supramoléculaire (ISIS) & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
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40
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Tang Y, Zhou X, Ji J, Chen L, Cao J, Luo J, Zhang S. High expression levels of miR-21 and miR-210 predict unfavorable survival in breast cancer: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Int J Biol Markers 2015; 30:e347-58. [PMID: 26349663 DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been emerging as valuable prognostic biomarkers of breast cancer. We therefore summarized recent research into miRNAs involved in human breast cancer and, further, completed a meta-analysis to predict the role of specific miRNAs in the survival of breast cancer patients. METHODS Studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. Descriptive characteristics for studies were described, and an additional meta-analysis for specific miRNAs was performed. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 41 articles including 27 types of miRNAs were found regarding prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer survival, of which, micRNA-21 (miR-21) was the most-studied specific miRNA that appeared repeatedly among the selected classifiers. For the studies evaluating miR-21's association with clinical outcomes, the median HR in the studies was 2.32 (interquartile range [IQR] = 1.04-3.40), and the pooled HR suggested that high expression of miR-21 has a negative impact on overall survival (OS; HR = 1.46, 95% CI, 1.25-1.70; p<0.05) and disease/recurrence-free survival in breast cancer (HR = 1.49, 95% CI, 1.17-1.90; p<0.01). We also found that higher expression levels of miR-210 significantly predicted poorer outcome, with median HR in the reported studies of 4.07 (IQR = 1.54-4.43) and a pooled HR of 2.94 (95% CI, 2.08-4.17; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that miRNAs show promising associations with prognosis in breast cancer. Moreover, specific miRNAs such as miR-21 and miR-210 can predict poor survival rates in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Tang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Tumor Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou - China
| | - Xifa Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Tumor Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou - China
| | - Jianfeng Ji
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Tumor Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou - China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Tumor Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou - China
| | - Jianping Cao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou - China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou - China
| | - Judong Luo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Changzhou Tumor Hospital, Soochow University, Changzhou - China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou - China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou - China
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Krishnan P, Ghosh S, Wang B, Li D, Narasimhan A, Berendt R, Graham K, Mackey JR, Kovalchuk O, Damaraju S. Next generation sequencing profiling identifies miR-574-3p and miR-660-5p as potential novel prognostic markers for breast cancer. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:735. [PMID: 26416693 PMCID: PMC4587870 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1899-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prognostication of Breast Cancer (BC) relies largely on traditional clinical factors and biomarkers such as hormone or growth factor receptors. Due to their suboptimal specificities, it is challenging to accurately identify the subset of patients who are likely to undergo recurrence and there remains a major need for markers of higher utility to guide therapeutic decisions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and have shown promise as potential prognostic markers in several cancer types including BC. Results In our study, we sequenced miRNAs from 104 BC samples and 11 apparently healthy normal (reduction mammoplasty) breast tissues. We used Case–control (CC) and Case-only (CO) statistical paradigm to identify prognostic markers. Cox-proportional hazards regression model was employed and risk score analysis was performed to identify miRNA signature independent of potential confounders. Representative miRNAs were validated using qRT-PCR. Gene targets for prognostic miRNAs were identified using in silico predictions and in-house BC transcriptome dataset. Gene ontology terms were identified using DAVID bioinformatics v6.7. A total of 1,423 miRNAs were captured. In the CC approach, 126 miRNAs were retained with predetermined criteria for good read counts, from which 80 miRNAs were differentially expressed. Of these, four and two miRNAs were significant for Overall Survival (OS) and Recurrence Free Survival (RFS), respectively. In the CO approach, from 147 miRNAs retained after filtering, 11 and 4 miRNAs were significant for OS and RFS, respectively. In both the approaches, the risk scores were significant after adjusting for potential confounders. The miRNAs associated with OS identified in our cohort were validated using an external dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. Targets for the identified miRNAs were enriched for cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Conclusions The study identified twelve non-redundant miRNAs associated with OS and/or RFS. These signatures include those that were reported by others in BC or other cancers. Importantly we report for the first time two new candidate miRNAs (miR-574-3p and miR-660-5p) as promising prognostic markers. Independent validation of signatures (for OS) using an external dataset from TCGA further strengthened the study findings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1899-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Krishnan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, 11560-University Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1Z2, Canada.
| | - Sunita Ghosh
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. .,Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
| | - Dongping Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
| | - Ashok Narasimhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, 11560-University Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1Z2, Canada.
| | - Richard Berendt
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. .,Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Kathryn Graham
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - John R Mackey
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. .,Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
| | - Sambasivarao Damaraju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, 11560-University Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1Z2, Canada. .,Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Zhu J, Liu F, Wu Q, Liu X. MiR-221 increases osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration partly through the downregulation of PTEN. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1377-83. [PMID: 26397386 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are involved in cancer initiation and progression. Previous studies have indicated that miR-221 is one of the most consistently overexpressed miRNAs in multiple types of cancer. However, the role of miR-221 in osteosarcoma carcinogenesis and progression is not yet fully understood. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine the expression of miR-221 in osteosarcoma and to determine the effects of miR-221 on the biological behavior of osteosarcoma cells. RT-qPCR revealed that the expression of miR-221 was significantly upregulated in the osteosarcoma tissues and osteosarcoma cell lines (p<0.05). In order to explore the role of miR-221 in osteosarcoma, the expression of miR-221 in the human osteosarcoma cell line MG‑63 was upregulated or downregulated by transfection with miR-221 mimic or miR-221 inhibitor, respectively. The results from RT-qPCR revealed that we had successfully generated MG‑63 cells in which miR-221 was either overexpressed or depleted. To investigate the effects of miR-221 on osteosarcoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration, a tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay, propidium iodide (PI) staining, a transwell migration assay and a wound healing assay were used in the present study. The results revealed that the proliferation, invasion and migration ability of the MG‑63 cells in which miR-221 was overexpressed was enhanced, and the proliferation, invasion and migration ability of the MG‑63 cells in which miR-221 was depleted was suppressed. The correlation between miR-221 and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression was investigated by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. The results revealed that the downregulation of miR-221 significantly increased the expression of PTEN, whereas the upregulation of miR-221 significantly reduced the expression of PTEN. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-221 enhances the proliferation, invasion and migration ability of osteosarcoma cells partly by suppressing PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Quanming Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xiancheng Liu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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43
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Matsuzaki J, Suzuki H. Role of MicroRNAs-221/222 in Digestive Systems. J Clin Med 2015; 4:1566-77. [PMID: 26258795 PMCID: PMC4555077 DOI: 10.3390/jcm4081566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MiR-221 and miR-222 (miR-221/222) are well-studied oncogenic microRNAs that are frequently upregulated in several types of human tumors, such as esophageal adenocarcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In these cancers, silencing miR-221/222 could represent a novel anti-tumor approach to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. On the other hand, miR-221/222 also play onco-suppressive roles in cholangiocarcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Here we will review the roles of miR-221/222 in digestive systems and their possibility as prognostic and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntaro Matsuzaki
- Center for Preventive Medicine, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan.
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
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Khella HWZ, Butz H, Ding Q, Rotondo F, Evans KR, Kupchak P, Dharsee M, Latif A, Pasic MD, Lianidou E, Bjarnason GA, Yousef GM. miR-221/222 Are Involved in Response to Sunitinib Treatment in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. Mol Ther 2015. [PMID: 26201448 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib is a multitargeting tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for metastatic renal cancer. There are no biomarkers that can predict sunitinib response. Such markers are needed to avoid administration of costly medication with side effects to patients who would not benefit from it. We compared global miRNA expression between patients with a short (≤12 months) versus prolonged (>12 months) progression-free survival (PFS) under sunitinib as first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. We identified a number of differentially expressed miRNAs and developed miRNA statistical models that can accurately distinguish between the two groups. We validated our models in the discovery set and an independent set of 57 patients. Target prediction and pathway analysis showed that these miRNAs are involved in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), TGFβ, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-mediated signaling and cell-cell communication. We tested the effect of these miRNAs on cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. We validated the negative correlation between miR-221 and its target, VEGFR2.miR-221 overexpression was associated with a poor PFS while its target, VEGFR2 was associated with longer survival. Gain of function experiments showed that miR-221 and miR-222 decreased angiogenesis and cellular proliferation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) while increasing cellular proliferation in ACHN cells. miRNAs represent potential predictive markers for sunitinib response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba W Z Khella
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Henriett Butz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fabio Rotondo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth R Evans
- Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network, MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Kupchak
- Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network, MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Moyez Dharsee
- Ontario Cancer Biomarker Network, MaRS Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ashraf Latif
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria D Pasic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evi Lianidou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georg A Bjarnason
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - George M Yousef
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, and the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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45
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Lehmann TP, Korski K, Gryczka R, Ibbs M, Thieleman A, Grodecka-Gazdecka S, Jagodziński PP. Relative levels of let-7a, miR-17, miR-27b, miR-125a, miR-125b and miR-206 as potential molecular markers to evaluate grade, receptor status and molecular type in breast cancer. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:4692-4702. [PMID: 26130254 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a class of short, single‑stranded nucleic acids, which have been investigated as potential molecular markers for various types of cancer. The gold‑standard and most sensitive method for comparing miRNA levels in cancer tissues is reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). This technique uses stably expressed genes for normalisation. The aim of the present study was to improve this model of analysis in the context of RT‑qPCR results. A total of six known miRNAs (let‑7a, miR‑17, miR‑27b, miR‑125a, miR‑125b and miR‑206), RNU6B RNA and five mRNAs [erb‑b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2), hydroxymethylbilane synthase and polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide A] were analysed pair‑wise, in order to determine which biomarker pairs best correlated with the histological groups of 27 breast cancer samples. The lowest P‑values and the highest area under the curve values in the receiver operating characteristic analysis were used to select the optimum ratios for discrimination among groups. Among the 21 pairs, miR‑17/miR‑27b and miR‑125a/RNU6B best discriminated three groups of samples with different tumour grades (G classification). miR‑125b/miR‑206 best discriminated two groups of samples with different tumour sizes (pT), let‑7a/RNU6B best discriminated two groups of samples with different lymph node status (pN), and let‑7a/miR‑125b best discriminated groups of samples with negative and positive oestrogen and progesterone receptor status. No pair of miRNAs was found to discriminate well between groups with either a negative or positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status. However, one miRNA/mRNA pair, miR‑125a/ERBB2, discriminated HER2‑negative from HER2‑positive groups. The breast cancer samples investigated in the present study were grouped by immunohistological methods into three molecular classes: Luminal, HER2 positive and basal (L, H and B, respectively). In order to discern L from H and L from B, two miRNA pairs were selected: miR‑125a/miR‑125b and miR‑125a/miR‑206. In conclusion, the pair‑wise method of RT‑qPCR data analysis may be a reasonable alternative to the standard method of using stably expressed reference genes, such as RNU6B RNA, for normalisation. This method may increase the classification power of miRNA biomarkers in breast cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz P Lehmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60‑781, Poland
| | - Konstanty Korski
- Department of Pathology, Wielkopolska Cancer Center, Poznań 61‑866, Poland
| | - Robert Gryczka
- Department of Surgery, Chair and Clinic of Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60‑569, Poland
| | - Mathew Ibbs
- Department of Pathology, Wielkopolska Cancer Center, Poznań 61‑866, Poland
| | - Anna Thieleman
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60‑569, Poland
| | - Sylwia Grodecka-Gazdecka
- Department of Surgery, Chair and Clinic of Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60‑569, Poland
| | - Paweł P Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60‑781, Poland
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46
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miR-30e* is an independent subtype-specific prognostic marker in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:290-8. [PMID: 26057454 PMCID: PMC4506390 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer clinical outcome is affected by tumor molecular features, and the identification of subtype-specific prognostic biomarkers is relevant for breast cancer translational research. Gene expression signatures proved to be able to complement prognostic information provided by classical clinico-pathological features. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been causally linked to tumorigenesis and cancer progression and have been associated with patient outcome, also in breast cancer. Methods: MicroRNAs associated with the development of distant metastasis were identified in a cohort of 92 ESR1+/ERBB2− lymph node-negative breast cancers from patients not receiving adjuvant treatment. Results were confirmed and further investigated in a total of 1246 miRNA and gene expression profiles of the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium data set. Moderated t-test, univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were used for statistical analyses. Results: miR-30e* was identified as independent protective prognostic factor in lymph node-negative untreated patients with ESR1+/ERBB2− tumours and retained a significant association with a good prognosis in treated patients with the same tumor subtype as well as in the ERBB2+ subtype, but not in ESR1−/ERBB2− tumours. Conclusions: We highlighted a relevant and subtype-specific role in breast cancer for miR-30e* and demonstrated that adding miRNA markers to gene signatures and clinico-pathological features can help for a better prognostication.
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47
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Graveel CR, Calderone HM, Westerhuis JJ, Winn ME, Sempere LF. Critical analysis of the potential for microRNA biomarkers in breast cancer management. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2015; 7:59-79. [PMID: 25759599 PMCID: PMC4346363 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s43799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease. Signaling by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and/or human EGF-like receptor 2 (HER2) is a main driver in the development and progression of a large majority of breast tumors. Molecular characterization of primary tumors has identified major subtypes that correlate with ER/PR/HER2 status, and also subgroup divisions that indicate other molecular and cellular features of the tumors. While some of these research findings have been incorporated into clinical practice, several challenges remain to improve breast cancer management and patient survival, for which the integration of novel biomarkers into current practice should be beneficial. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding regulatory RNAs with an etiological contribution to breast carcinogenesis. miRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic applications are rapidly emerging as novel potential approaches to manage and treat breast cancer. Rapid technological development enables specific and sensitive detection of individual miRNAs or the entire miRNome in tissues, blood, and other biological specimens from breast cancer patients. This review focuses on recent miRNA research and its potential to address unmet clinical needs and challenges. The four sections presented discuss miRNA findings in the context of the following clinical challenges: biomarkers for early detection; prognostic and predictive biomarkers for treatment decisions using targeted therapies against ER and HER2; diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for subgrouping of triple-negative breast cancer, for which there are currently no targeted therapies; and biomarkers for monitoring and characterization of metastatic breast cancer. The review concludes with a critical analysis of the current state of miRNA breast cancer research and the need for further studies using large patient cohorts under well-controlled conditions before considering the clinical implementation of miRNA biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie R Graveel
- Breast Cancer Signaling and Therapeutics Team, Program in Molecular Oncology and Pre-clinical Therapeutics, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Heather M Calderone
- Laboratory of microRNA Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Program in Skeletal Disease and Tumor Microenvironment, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Jennifer J Westerhuis
- Laboratory of microRNA Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Program in Skeletal Disease and Tumor Microenvironment, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Mary E Winn
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Program for Technologies and Cores, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Lorenzo F Sempere
- Laboratory of microRNA Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Program in Skeletal Disease and Tumor Microenvironment, Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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48
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Goh JN, Loo SY, Datta A, Siveen KS, Yap WN, Cai W, Shin EM, Wang C, Kim JE, Chan M, Dharmarajan AM, Lee ASG, Lobie PE, Yap CT, Kumar AP. microRNAs in breast cancer: regulatory roles governing the hallmarks of cancer. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2015; 91:409-28. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jen N. Goh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Ser Y. Loo
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Physiology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117597 Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138672 Singapore
| | - Arpita Datta
- Department of Physiology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117597 Singapore
| | - Kodappully S. Siveen
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Wei N. Yap
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Wanpei Cai
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Eun M. Shin
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Chao Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Ji E. Kim
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
| | - Maurice Chan
- Division of Medical Sciences; National Cancer Centre; Singapore 169610 Singapore
| | - Arun M. Dharmarajan
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences Research Precinct, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University; 6845 Perth Western Australia Australia
| | - Ann S.-G. Lee
- Department of Physiology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117597 Singapore
- Division of Medical Sciences; National Cancer Centre; Singapore 169610 Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School; Singapore 169857 Singapore
| | - Peter E. Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute; Singapore 1192288 Singapore
| | - Celestial T. Yap
- Department of Physiology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117597 Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute; Singapore 1192288 Singapore
| | - Alan P. Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore; Singapore 117599 Singapore
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Biosciences Research Precinct, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University; 6845 Perth Western Australia Australia
- National University Cancer Institute; Singapore 1192288 Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of North Texas; Denton TX 76203-5017 U.S.A
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49
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Aerts AM, Impens NREN, Baatout S, Benotmane MA, Camps J, Dabin JM, Derradji H, Grosche B, Horemans N, Jourdain JR, Moreels M, Perko T, Quintens R, Repussard J, Rühm W, Schneider T, Struelens L, Hardeman F. Joint research towards a better radiation protection-highlights of the Fifth MELODI Workshop. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2014; 34:931-56. [PMID: 25431966 DOI: 10.1088/0952-4746/34/4/931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
MELODI is the European platform dedicated to low-dose radiation risk research. From 7 October through 10 October 2013 the Fifth MELODI Workshop took place in Brussels, Belgium. The workshop offered the opportunity to 221 unique participants originating from 22 countries worldwide to update their knowledge and discuss radiation research issues through 118 oral and 44 poster presentations. In addition, the MELODI 2013 workshop was reaching out to the broader radiation protection community, rather than only the low-dose community, with contributions from the fields of radioecology, emergency and recovery preparedness, and dosimetry. In this review, we summarise the major scientific conclusions of the workshop, which are important to keep the MELODI strategic research agenda up-to-date and which will serve to establish a joint radiation protection research roadmap for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Aerts
- Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
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50
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Nassar FJ, El Sabban M, Zgheib NK, Tfayli A, Boulos F, Jabbour M, Saghir NSEL, Talhouk R, Bazarbachi A, Calin GA, Nasr R. miRNA as potential biomarkers of breast cancer in the Lebanese population and in young women: a pilot study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107566. [PMID: 25232827 PMCID: PMC4169426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Relative to western populations, the percentage of women diagnosed with breast cancer at a young age in Lebanon is high. While the younger age of the Lebanese population compared to the West certainly contributes to this difference, potential genetic, reproductive and/or biological factors likely play an important role. The objective of this study is to investigate the contribution of miRNAs in this setting through the analysis of the expression of five reported dysregulated miRNAs, miR-148b, miR-10b, miR-21, miR-221, and miR-155 in 20 normal and 57 cancerous breast tissues from Lebanese breast cancer patients. After finding their relative expression by quantitative reverse transcription real time PCR, the results were analyzed with respect to the patients’ clinical and histopathology presentations. Compared to normal breast tissues, significant upregulation of miR-155, miR-21 and miR-148b, notable downregulation of miR-10b and non-significant expression of miR-221 were observed in tumor tissues. Moreover, miR-10b was significantly underexpressed in estrogen/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) negative tumors relative to ER/PR positive tumor tissues. miR-155 was also significantly overexpressed in postmenopausal patients and in those of age at diagnosis greater than 40 years old as well as in PR negative or in human epidermal growth factor 2 (Her2) positive tissues. This study is the first one to report miRNA expression patterns in Lebanese breast cancer patients. We found that differential miRNA expression in breast cancer could be variable between Lebanese and Western populations. miR-10b was positively correlated with the ER and PR status and miR-155 could be a noteworthy biomarker for the menopausal state, age at diagnosis, PR and Her2 status. Hence, miRNA can be used as biomarkers for early breast cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah J. Nassar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maya El Sabban
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nathalie K. Zgheib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Arafat Tfayli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fouad Boulos
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mark Jabbour
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nagi S. E. l. Saghir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rabih Talhouk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali Bazarbachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Rihab Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- * E-mail:
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