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Constraints on exotic spin-velocity-dependent interactions. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7387. [PMID: 36450723 PMCID: PMC9712588 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34924-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental searches for exotic spin-dependent forces are attracting a lot of attention because they allow to test theoretical extensions to the standard model. Here, we report an experimental search for possible exotic spin-dependent force, specifically spin-and-velocity-dependent forces, by using a K-Rb-21Ne co-magnetometer and a tungsten ring featuring a high nucleon density. Taking advantage of the high sensitivity of the co-magnetometer, the pseudomagnetic field from this exotic force is measured to be ≤7 aT. This sets limits on coupling constants for the neutron-nucleon and proton-nucleon interactions in the range of ≥0.1 m (mediator boson mass ≤2 μeV). The coupling constant limits are established to be [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], which are more than one order of magnitude tighter than astronomical and cosmological limits on the coupling between the new gauge boson such as Z' and standard model particles.
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Le T, Sadique N, Housel LM, Poyraz AS, Takeuchi ES, Takeuchi KJ, Marschilok AC, Liu P. Discharging Behavior of Hollandite α-MnO 2 in a Hydrated Zinc-Ion Battery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:59937-59949. [PMID: 34898172 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hollandite, α-MnO2, is of interest as a prospective cathode material for hydrated zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs); however, the mechanistic understanding of the discharge process remains limited. Herein, a systematic study on the initial discharge of an α-MnO2 cathode under a hydrated environment was reported using density functional theory (DFT) in combination with complementary experiments, where the DFT predictions well described the experimental measurements on discharge voltages and manganese oxidation states. According to the DFT calculations, both protons (H+) and zinc ions (Zn2+) contribute to the discharging potentials of α-MnO2 observed experimentally, where the presence of water plays an essential role during the process. This study provides valuable insights into the mechanistic understanding of the discharge of α-MnO2 in hydrated ZIBs, emphasizing the crucial interplay among the H2O molecules, the intercalated Zn2+ or H+ ions, and the Mn4+ ions on the tunnel wall to enhance the stability of discharged states and, thus, the electrochemical performances in hydrated ZIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Le
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Nahian Sadique
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Lisa M Housel
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Altug S Poyraz
- Department of Chemistry, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia 30144, United States
| | - Esther S Takeuchi
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Kenneth J Takeuchi
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Amy C Marschilok
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Institute for Electrochemically Stored Energy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Interdisciplinary Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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Merkel B, Repp D, Reiserer A. Laser stabilization to a cryogenic fiber ring resonator. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:444-447. [PMID: 33449049 DOI: 10.1364/ol.413847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The frequency stability of lasers is limited by thermal noise in state-of-the-art frequency references. Further improvement requires operation at cryogenic temperature. In this context, we investigate a fiber-based ring resonator. Our system exhibits a first-order temperature-insensitive point around 3.55K, much lower than that of crystalline silicon. The observed low sensitivity with respect to vibrations (<5⋅10-11m-1s2), temperature (-22(1)⋅10-9K-2), and pressure changes (4.2(2)⋅10-11mbar-2) makes our approach promising for future precision experiments.
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