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Hernández-Carralero E, Quinet G, Freire R. ATXN3: a multifunctional protein involved in the polyglutamine disease spinocerebellar ataxia type 3. Expert Rev Mol Med 2024; 26:e19. [PMID: 39320846 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2024.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
ATXN3 is a ubiquitin hydrolase (or deubiquitinase, DUB), product of the ATXN3 gene, ubiquitously expressed in various cell types including peripheral and neuronal tissues and involved in several cellular pathways. Importantly, the expansion of the CAG trinucleotides within the ATXN3 gene leads to an expanded polyglutamine domain in the encoded protein, which has been associated with the onset of the spinocerebellar ataxia type 3, also known as Machado-Joseph disease, the most common dominantly inherited ataxia worldwide. ATXN3 has therefore been under intensive investigation for decades. In this review, we summarize the main functions of ATXN3 in proteostasis, DNA repair and transcriptional regulation, as well as the emerging role in regulating chromatin structure. The mentioned molecular functions of ATXN3 are also reviewed in the context of the pathological expanded form of ATXN3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Hernández-Carralero
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Grégoire Quinet
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Raimundo Freire
- Fundación Canaria Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Canarias (FIISC), Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias, Facultad de Medicina, Campus Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Fernando Pessoa Canarias, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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2
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Liu B, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Liu H, Wang Z, Fu Y, Gao Q, Cheng X, Sun Q, Ju Z. USP4 regulates ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis for hematopoietic stem cell regeneration and leukemia progression. Leukemia 2024:10.1038/s41375-024-02338-z. [PMID: 39266638 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Enhanced ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis are required for cell proliferation. During hematopoietic regeneration, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) proliferate rapidly to replenish the hematopoietic system. How HSCs respond and regulate ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis during regeneration remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the expression of a series of ubiquitin-specific-proteases (USPs) during HSC regeneration. We found USP4 expression is significantly increased in proliferating HSCs. Further functional and mechanistic investigations revealed a crucial regulatory function of USP4 in HSC regeneration and leukemia progression by modulating ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis. USP4 deubiquitinates and stabilizes PES1 to facilitate ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis in proliferative HSCs and leukemic cells. Usp4 deletion significantly decreases protein synthesis, proliferation and reconstitution capacity of HSCs. Usp4 inhibition suppresses ribosome biogenesis and proliferation of leukemic cells, and prolongs the survival of AML (Acute myeloid leukemia) mice. These findings provide a new insight into the response mechanism of ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis in HSCs, and their contribution to leukemia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Xianli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Haiping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhenkun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yuting Fu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qiongdan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 100020, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyuan Sun
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Guangdong-Hong Kong Metabolism and Reproduction Joint Laboratory, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Aging and Regenerative Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Tyagi A, Karapurkar JK, Colaco JC, Sarodaya N, Antao AM, Kaushal K, Haq S, Chandrasekaran AP, Das S, Singh V, Hong SH, Suresh B, Kim KS, Ramakrishna S. USP19 Negatively Regulates p53 and Promotes Cervical Cancer Progression. Mol Biotechnol 2024; 66:2032-2045. [PMID: 37572221 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00814-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
p53 is a tumor suppressor gene activated in response to cellular stressors that inhibits cell cycle progression and induces pro-apoptotic signaling. The protein level of p53 is well balanced by the action of several E3 ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Several DUBs have been reported to negatively regulate and promote p53 degradation in tumors. In this study, we identified USP19 as a negative regulator of p53 protein level. We demonstrate a direct interaction between USP19 and p53 by pull down assay. The overexpression of USP19 promoted ubiquitination of p53 and reduced its protein half-life. We also demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of USP19 in cervical cancer cells elevates p53 protein levels, resulting in reduced colony formation, cell migration, and cell invasion. Overall, our results indicate that USP19 negatively regulates p53 protein levels in cervical cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorvi Tyagi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Jencia Carminha Colaco
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Neha Sarodaya
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ainsley Mike Antao
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kamini Kaushal
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Saba Haq
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Soumyadip Das
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Vijai Singh
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Rajpur, Indrashil University, 382715, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Bharathi Suresh
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Kye-Seong Kim
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea.
- College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea
- College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 04763, Seoul, South Korea
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4
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Guo X, Ma Y, Zhang T, Liu R, Chang F, Yan X, Yu T, Wu P, Li Q, Xu L, Duan J, Li L, Su Y, Shao G. The deubiquitinating enzyme USP4 regulates BRCA1 stability and function. NPJ Breast Cancer 2024; 10:35. [PMID: 38734703 PMCID: PMC11088691 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-024-00641-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 plays a suppressive role in breast tumorigenesis. Ubiquitin-dependent degradation is a common mechanism that regulates BRCA1 protein stability, and several ubiquitin ligases involved have been identified. However, the deubiquitinating enzyme for BRCA1 remains less defined. Here, we report that the deubiquitinase USP4 interacts with, deubiquitinates and stabilizes BRCA1, maintaining the protein level of BRCA1. USP4 knockdown results in a decreased BRCA1 protein level, impairment in homologous recombination mediated double-stranded break repair, and increased genome instability, and confers resistance to DNA damage-inducing agents and PARP inhibitors. Ectopic expression of USP4 stabilizes BRCA1 and reverse the effects caused by USP4 knockdown. Moreover, USP4 is low expressed in human breast cancer tissues and its low expression correlates with poorer survival of patients. Furthermore, we identified several loss-of-function mutations of USP4 in human gynecological cancers, the catalytic activity of which or their interaction with BRCA1 is disrupted. Together, we reveal that USP4 is a deubiquitinase for BRCA1. USP4 positively regulates the stability and function of BRCA1 through de-ubiquitination, and plays important role in the suppression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyuan Guo
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yanfang Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Runyu Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fen Chang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xingyue Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tianyun Yu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Luzheng Xu
- Center of Medical and Health Analysis, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Junyi Duan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yanrong Su
- The Irma H. Russo, MD Breast Cancer Research Laboratory, Fox Chase Cancer Center-Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Genze Shao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Cao X, Yan Z, Chen Z, Ge Y, Hu X, Peng F, Huang W, Zhang P, Sun R, Chen J, Ding M, Zong D, He X. The Emerging Role of Deubiquitinases in Radiosensitivity. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 118:1347-1370. [PMID: 38092257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Radiation therapy is a primary treatment for cancer, but radioresistance remains a significant challenge in improving efficacy and reducing toxicity. Accumulating evidence suggests that deubiquitinases (DUBs) play a crucial role in regulating cell sensitivity to ionizing radiation. Traditional small-molecule DUB inhibitors have demonstrated radiosensitization effects, and novel deubiquitinase-targeting chimeras (DUBTACs) provide a promising strategy for radiosensitizer development by harnessing the ubiquitin-proteasome system. This review highlights the mechanisms by which DUBs regulate radiosensitivity, including DNA damage repair, the cell cycle, cell death, and hypoxia. Progress on DUB inhibitors and DUBTACs is summarized, and their potential radiosensitization effects are discussed. Developing drugs targeting DUBs appears to be a promising alternative approach to overcoming radioresistance, warranting further research into their mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenyu Yan
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zihan Chen
- Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yizhi Ge
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fanyu Peng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxuan Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingchuan Zhang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruozhou Sun
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiazhen Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingjun Ding
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Zong
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xia He
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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6
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Kim J, Taketomi T, Yamada A, Uematsu Y, Ueda K, Chiba T, Tsuruta F. USP4 regulates TUT1 ubiquitination status in concert with SART3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 701:149557. [PMID: 38310689 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquitin system plays pivotal roles in diverse cellular processes, including signal transduction, transcription and translation, organelle quality control, and protein degradation. Recent investigations have revealed the regulatory influence of ubiquitin systems on RNA metabolism. Previously, we reported that the deubiquitinating enzyme, ubiquitin specific peptidase 15 (USP15), promotes deubiquitination of terminal uridylyl transferase 1 (TUT1), a key regulator within the U4/U6 spliceosome, thereby instigating significant alterations in global RNA splicing [1]. In this study, we report that ubiquitin specific peptidase 4 (USP4), a homologous protein to USP15, also exerts control over the ubiquitination status of TUT1. Analogous to USP15, the expression of USP4 results in a reduction of TUT1 ubiquitination. Furthermore, squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T-cells 3 (SART3) collaborates in enhancing the deubiquitinating activity of USP4 towards TUT1. A crucial revelation is that USP4 orchestrates the subnuclear relocation of TUT1 from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm and facilitates the stability of U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA). Notably, USP4 has a more profound effect on TUT1 redistribution compared to USP15. Our findings suggest that USP4 intricately modulates the ubiquitination status of TUT1, thereby exerting pronounced effects on the spliceosome functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyun Kim
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takumi Taketomi
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Atsuma Yamada
- College of Biological Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Yukino Uematsu
- Master's and Doctoral Program in Biology, Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ueda
- College of Biological Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoki Chiba
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Humanics, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan; Master's and Doctoral Program in Biology, Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Fuminori Tsuruta
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan; Master's and Doctoral Program in Neuroscience, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan; Ph.D. Program in Humanics, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan; Master's and Doctoral Program in Biology, Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan.
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Wei H, Li X, Liu F, Li Y, Luo B, Huang X, Chen H, Wen B, Ma P. Curcumin inhibits the development of colorectal cancer via regulating the USP4/LAMP3 pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1749-1762. [PMID: 37728623 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02721-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of curcumin on the progression of colorectal cancer and its underlying mechanisms involved. Cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion were determined through CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry, and transwell invasion assay, respectively. The protein expression of Bax, MMP2, USP4 and LAMP3 was measured using western blot. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the relationship between USP4 and LAMP3. Co-IP was also conducted to determine the interaction between USP4 and LAMP3. Xenograft tumor model was established to explore the role of curcumin in colorectal cancer in vivo. IHC was utilized to measure the expression of Bax, MMP2, USP4 and LAMP3 in tumor tissues from mice. Curcumin significantly accelerated cell apoptosis, and inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in LoVo and HCT-116 cells. LAMP3 was augmented in colorectal cancer tissues and cells, and curcumin could reduce the expression of LAMP3. Curcumin decreased LAMP3 expression to exhibit the inhibition role in the progression of colorectal cancer. USP4 interacted with LAMP3, and positively regulated LAMP3 expression in colorectal cancer cells. LAMP3 overexpression could reverse the suppressive effects of USP4 knockdown on the development of colorectal cancer. Curcumin downregulated USP4 to impeded the progression of colorectal cancer via repressing LAMP3 expression. In addition, curcumin obviously restrained tumor growth in mice through downregulating USP4 and LAMP3 expression. These data indicated that curcumin exert the anti-tumor effects on the development of colorectal cancer through modulating the USP4/LAMP3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Xianzhe Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanshi Hospital, Nanyang, 473065, China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Bo Wen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Pei Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, 473000, China.
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8
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Bolhuis DL, Emanuele MJ, Brown NG. Friend or foe? Reciprocal regulation between E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:BST20230454. [PMID: 38414432 PMCID: PMC11349938 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that entails the covalent attachment of the small protein ubiquitin (Ub), which acts as a signal to direct protein stability, localization, or interactions. The Ub code is written by a family of enzymes called E3 Ub ligases (∼600 members in humans), which can catalyze the transfer of either a single ubiquitin or the formation of a diverse array of polyubiquitin chains. This code can be edited or erased by a different set of enzymes termed deubiquitinases (DUBs; ∼100 members in humans). While enzymes from these distinct families have seemingly opposing activities, certain E3-DUB pairings can also synergize to regulate vital cellular processes like gene expression, autophagy, innate immunity, and cell proliferation. In this review, we highlight recent studies describing Ub ligase-DUB interactions and focus on their relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek L Bolhuis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - Michael J Emanuele
- Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Comprehensive Care Center, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
| | - Nicholas G Brown
- Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Comprehensive Care Center, UNC Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599
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9
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Chen R, Zhang H, Li L, Li J, Xie J, Weng J, Tan H, Liu Y, Guo T, Wang M. Roles of ubiquitin-specific proteases in inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1258740. [PMID: 38322269 PMCID: PMC10844489 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1258740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs), as one of the deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) families, regulate the fate of proteins and signaling pathway transduction by removing ubiquitin chains from the target proteins. USPs are essential for the modulation of a variety of physiological processes, such as DNA repair, cell metabolism and differentiation, epigenetic modulations as well as protein stability. Recently, extensive research has demonstrated that USPs exert a significant impact on innate and adaptive immune reactions, metabolic syndromes, inflammatory disorders, and infection via post-translational modification processes. This review summarizes the important roles of the USPs in the onset and progression of inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis, pneumonia, atherosclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, sepsis, hepatitis, diabetes, and obesity. Moreover, we highlight a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis of USPs in these inflammatory diseases as well as post-translational modifications in the inflammatory responses and pave the way for future prospect of targeted therapies in these inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Center of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linke Li
- Center of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinsheng Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiang Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Chengdu Third People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Weng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huan Tan
- Center of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Center of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tailin Guo
- Center of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Center of Obesity and Metabolic Diseases, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Stomatology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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10
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Ren J, Yu P, Liu S, Li R, Niu X, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Zhou F, Zhang L. Deubiquitylating Enzymes in Cancer and Immunity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303807. [PMID: 37888853 PMCID: PMC10754134 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) maintain relative homeostasis of the cellular ubiquitome by removing the post-translational modification ubiquitin moiety from substrates. Numerous DUBs have been demonstrated specificity for cleaving a certain type of ubiquitin linkage or positions within ubiquitin chains. Moreover, several DUBs perform functions through specific protein-protein interactions in a catalytically independent manner, which further expands the versatility and complexity of DUBs' functions. Dysregulation of DUBs disrupts the dynamic equilibrium of ubiquitome and causes various diseases, especially cancer and immune disorders. This review summarizes the Janus-faced roles of DUBs in cancer including proteasomal degradation, DNA repair, apoptosis, and tumor metastasis, as well as in immunity involving innate immune receptor signaling and inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. The prospects and challenges for the clinical development of DUB inhibitors are further discussed. The review provides a comprehensive understanding of the multi-faced roles of DUBs in cancer and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Ren
- The Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518033P. R. China
| | - Peng Yu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug DiscoveryShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesZhongshanGuangdongP. R. China
| | - Sijia Liu
- International Biomed‐X Research CenterSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouP. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou310058China
| | - Ran Li
- The Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518033P. R. China
| | - Xin Niu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- The Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518033P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan450003P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Long Zhang
- The Eighth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518033P. R. China
- International Biomed‐X Research CenterSecond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouP. R. China
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling NetworkLife Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058P. R. China
- Cancer CenterZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058P. R. China
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11
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Shen J, Wang Q, Mao Y, Gao W, Duan S. Targeting the p53 signaling pathway in cancers: Molecular mechanisms and clinical studies. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e288. [PMID: 37256211 PMCID: PMC10225743 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor p53 can transcriptionally activate downstream genes in response to stress, and then regulate the cell cycle, DNA repair, metabolism, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and other biological responses. p53 has seven functional domains and 12 splice isoforms, and different domains and subtypes play different roles. The activation and inactivation of p53 are finely regulated and are associated with phosphorylation/acetylation modification and ubiquitination modification, respectively. Abnormal activation of p53 is closely related to the occurrence and development of cancer. While targeted therapy of the p53 signaling pathway is still in its early stages and only a few drugs or treatments have entered clinical trials, the development of new drugs and ongoing clinical trials are expected to lead to the widespread use of p53 signaling-targeted therapy in cancer treatment in the future. TRIAP1 is a novel p53 downstream inhibitor of apoptosis. TRIAP1 is the homolog of yeast mitochondrial intermembrane protein MDM35, which can play a tumor-promoting role by blocking the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway. This work provides a systematic overview of recent basic research and clinical progress in the p53 signaling pathway and proposes that TRIAP1 is an important therapeutic target downstream of p53 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinze Shen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qurui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yunan Mao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Wei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of MedicineHangzhou City UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
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12
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Zhong Q, Xiao X, Qiu Y, Xu Z, Chen C, Chong B, Zhao X, Hai S, Li S, An Z, Dai L. Protein posttranslational modifications in health and diseases: Functions, regulatory mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e261. [PMID: 37143582 PMCID: PMC10152985 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) refer to the breaking or generation of covalent bonds on the backbones or amino acid side chains of proteins and expand the diversity of proteins, which provides the basis for the emergence of organismal complexity. To date, more than 650 types of protein modifications, such as the most well-known phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, methylation, SUMOylation, short-chain and long-chain acylation modifications, redox modifications, and irreversible modifications, have been described, and the inventory is still increasing. By changing the protein conformation, localization, activity, stability, charges, and interactions with other biomolecules, PTMs ultimately alter the phenotypes and biological processes of cells. The homeostasis of protein modifications is important to human health. Abnormal PTMs may cause changes in protein properties and loss of protein functions, which are closely related to the occurrence and development of various diseases. In this review, we systematically introduce the characteristics, regulatory mechanisms, and functions of various PTMs in health and diseases. In addition, the therapeutic prospects in various diseases by targeting PTMs and associated regulatory enzymes are also summarized. This work will deepen the understanding of protein modifications in health and diseases and promote the discovery of diagnostic and prognostic markers and drug targets for diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xina Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yijie Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chunyu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Baochen Chong
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xinjun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shan Hai
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shuangqing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zhenmei An
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center WardGeneral Practice Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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13
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Yang YC, Zhao CJ, Jin ZF, Zheng J, Ma LT. Targeted therapy based on ubiquitin-specific proteases, signalling pathways and E3 ligases in non-small-cell lung cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1120828. [PMID: 36969062 PMCID: PMC10036052 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1120828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours worldwide, with the highest mortality rate. Approximately 1.6 million deaths owing to lung cancer are reported annually; of which, 85% of deaths occur owing to non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). At present, the conventional treatment methods for NSCLC include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and surgery. However, drug resistance and tumour invasion or metastasis often lead to treatment failure. The ubiquitin–proteasome pathway (UPP) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumours. Upregulation or inhibition of proteins or enzymes involved in UPP can promote or inhibit the occurrence and development of tumours, respectively. As regulators of UPP, ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) primarily inhibit the degradation of target proteins by proteasomes through deubiquitination and hence play a carcinogenic or anticancer role. This review focuses on the role of USPs in the occurrence and development of NSCLC and the potential of corresponding targeted drugs, PROTACs and small-molecule inhibitors in the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Can-Jun Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhao-Feng Jin
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Tian Ma, ; Jin Zheng,
| | - Li-Tian Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Li-Tian Ma, ; Jin Zheng,
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14
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Jin S, Kudo Y, Horiguchi T. The Role of Deubiquitinating Enzyme in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010552. [PMID: 36613989 PMCID: PMC9820089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination and deubiquitination are two popular ways for the post-translational modification of proteins. These two modifications affect intracellular localization, stability, and function of target proteins. The process of deubiquitination is involved in histone modification, cell cycle regulation, cell differentiation, apoptosis, endocytosis, autophagy, and DNA repair after damage. Moreover, it is involved in the processes of carcinogenesis and cancer development. In this review, we discuss these issues in understanding deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) function in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and their potential therapeutic strategies for HNSCC patients are also discussed.
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15
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Abuetabh Y, Wu HH, Chai C, Al Yousef H, Persad S, Sergi CM, Leng R. DNA damage response revisited: the p53 family and its regulators provide endless cancer therapy opportunities. Exp Mol Med 2022; 54:1658-1669. [PMID: 36207426 PMCID: PMC9636249 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-022-00863-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antitumor therapeutic strategies that fundamentally rely on the induction of DNA damage to eradicate and inhibit the growth of cancer cells are integral approaches to cancer therapy. Although DNA-damaging therapies advance the battle with cancer, resistance, and recurrence following treatment are common. Thus, searching for vulnerabilities that facilitate the action of DNA-damaging agents by sensitizing cancer cells is an active research area. Therefore, it is crucial to decipher the detailed molecular events involved in DNA damage responses (DDRs) to DNA-damaging agents in cancer. The tumor suppressor p53 is active at the hub of the DDR. Researchers have identified an increasing number of genes regulated by p53 transcriptional functions that have been shown to be critical direct or indirect mediators of cell fate, cell cycle regulation, and DNA repair. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) primarily orchestrate and direct the activity of p53 in response to DNA damage. Many molecules mediating PTMs on p53 have been identified. The anticancer potential realized by targeting these molecules has been shown through experiments and clinical trials to sensitize cancer cells to DNA-damaging agents. This review briefly acknowledges the complexity of DDR pathways/networks. We specifically focus on p53 regulators, protein kinases, and E3/E4 ubiquitin ligases and their anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Abuetabh
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - H Helena Wu
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Chengsen Chai
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2S2, Canada
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Habib Al Yousef
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Sujata Persad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Consolato M Sergi
- Division of Anatomical Pathology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Roger Leng
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2S2, Canada.
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16
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Li R, Shang R, Li S, Ren Y, Shen L, Yang L, Chen S, Chen X, Li J, Xu M. LOXL3-promoted hepatocellular carcinoma progression via promotion of Snail1/USP4-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2540-2551. [PMID: 35841383 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lysyl-oxidase-like 3 (LOXL3) was reported to be essential in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancers. However, the role of LOXL3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remained unclear. In this study, we explored clinical significance, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of LOXL3 in HCC. Our study found that LOXL3 expression was markedly associated with the tumor size and clinical stage of HCC, and it was highly expressed in tumor tissues of metastatic HCC patients. High expression of LOXL3 predicted a poor prognosis of HCC. TGF-β1 treatment elevated LOXL3 protein expression and cell invasion, and reduced cell apoptosis in HCC cell lines (SMMC-7721 and Huh-7), while downregulation of LOXL3 reversed the promotive effects of TGF-β1 treatment on LOXL3 protein expression and cell invasion, and the inhibitory effect on cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, LOXL3 interacted with snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (Snail1) through STRING database and RIP assay, and Snail1 bound to ubiquitin-specific peptidase 4 (USP4) promoter by JASPAR database, luciferase reporter gene and Co-IP assays. Overexpression of USP4 reversed the inhibitory effect of LOXL3 silence on EMT in HCC cells through deubiquitinating and stabilizing the expression of Snail1. Moreover, LOXL3-promoted HCC EMT through Wnt/β-catenin/Snail1 signaling pathway. In vivo study revealed that silence of LOXL3-inhibited HCC tumor growth. In conclusion, LOXL3 silence inhibited HCC invasion and EMT through Snail1/USP4-mediated circulation loop and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Runze Shang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Haixia Hospital of Huaqiao University (The 910 Hospital), Quanzhou, China
| | - Shunle Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yifan Ren
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Longbao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junhui Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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17
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Melnik BC, Schmitz G. Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911503. [PMID: 36232796 PMCID: PMC9569743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell expansion and functional maturation during the birth-to-weaning period is driven by epigenetic programs primarily triggered by growth factors, hormones, and nutrients provided by human milk. As shown recently, exosomes derived from various origins interact with β cells. This review elucidates the potential role of milk-derived exosomes (MEX) and their microRNAs (miRs) on pancreatic β cell programming during the postnatal period of lactation as well as during continuous cow milk exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX. Mechanistic evidence suggests that MEX miRs stimulate mTORC1/c-MYC-dependent postnatal β cell proliferation and glycolysis, but attenuate β cell differentiation, mitochondrial function, and insulin synthesis and secretion. MEX miR content is negatively affected by maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, psychological stress, caesarean delivery, and is completely absent in infant formula. Weaning-related disappearance of MEX miRs may be the critical event switching β cells from proliferation to TGF-β/AMPK-mediated cell differentiation, whereas continued exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX miRs via intake of pasteurized cow milk may reverse β cell differentiation, promoting β cell de-differentiation. Whereas MEX miR signaling supports postnatal β cell proliferation (diabetes prevention), persistent bovine MEX exposure after the lactation period may de-differentiate β cells back to the postnatal phenotype (diabetes induction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, D-49076 Osnabrück, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-52-4198-8060
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Regensburg, University of Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
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18
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Zhong T, Lei K, Lin X, Xie Z, Luo S, Zhou Z, Zhao B, Li X. Protein ubiquitination in T cell development. Front Immunol 2022; 13:941962. [PMID: 35990660 PMCID: PMC9386135 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important form of posttranslational modification, protein ubiquitination regulates a wide variety of biological processes, including different aspects of T cell development and differentiation. During T cell development, thymic seeding progenitor cells (TSPs) in the thymus undergo multistep maturation programs and checkpoints, which are critical to build a functional and tolerant immune system. Currently, a tremendous amount of research has focused on the transcriptional regulation of thymocyte development. However, in the past few years, compelling evidence has revealed that the ubiquitination system also plays a crucial role in the regulation of thymocyte developmental programs. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the molecular mechanisms and cellular pathways that regulate thymocyte ubiquitination and discuss the roles of E3 ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) involved in these processes. Understanding how T cell development is regulated by ubiquitination and deubiquitination will not only enhance our understanding of cell fate determination via gene regulatory networks but also provide potential novel therapeutic strategies for treating autoimmune diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bin Zhao
- *Correspondence: Bin Zhao, ; Xia Li,
| | - Xia Li
- *Correspondence: Bin Zhao, ; Xia Li,
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19
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Ohanna M, Biber P, Deckert M. Emerging Role of Deubiquitinating Enzymes (DUBs) in Melanoma Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3371. [PMID: 35884430 PMCID: PMC9322030 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic melanoma is the leading cause of death from skin cancer. Therapies targeting the BRAF oncogenic pathway and immunotherapies show remarkable clinical efficacy. However, these treatments are limited to subgroups of patients and relapse is common. Overall, the majority of patients require additional treatments, justifying the development of new therapeutic strategies. Non-genetic and genetic alterations are considered to be important drivers of cellular adaptation mechanisms to current therapies and disease relapse. Importantly, modification of the overall proteome in response to non-genetic and genetic events supports major cellular changes that are required for the survival, proliferation, and migration of melanoma cells. However, the mechanisms underlying these adaptive responses remain to be investigated. The major contributor to proteome remodeling involves the ubiquitin pathway, ubiquitinating enzymes, and ubiquitin-specific proteases also known as DeUBiquitinases (DUBs). In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the nature and roles of the DUBs recently identified in melanoma progression and therapeutic resistance and discuss their potential as novel sources of vulnerability for melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Ohanna
- Université Côte d’Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France; (P.B.); (M.D.)
- Team MicroCan, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Pierric Biber
- Université Côte d’Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France; (P.B.); (M.D.)
- Team MicroCan, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Marcel Deckert
- Université Côte d’Azur, INSERM, C3M, 06204 Nice, France; (P.B.); (M.D.)
- Team MicroCan, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 06204 Nice, France
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20
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Usp5, Usp34, and Otu1 deubiquitylases mediate DNA repair in Drosophila melanogaster. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5870. [PMID: 35393473 PMCID: PMC8990000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09703-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitylation is critical for preventing aberrant DNA repair and for efficient maintenance of genome stability. As deubiquitylases (DUBs) counteract ubiquitylation, they must have a great influence on many biological processes, including DNA damage response. To elucidate the role of DUBs in DNA repair in Drosophila melanogaster, systematic siRNA screening was applied to identify DUBs with a reduced survival rate following exposure to ultraviolet and X-ray radiations. As a secondary validation, we applied the direct repeat (DR)-white reporter system with which we induced site-specific DSBs and affirmed the importance of the DUBs Ovarian tumor domain-containing deubiquitinating enzyme 1 (Otu1), Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 5 (Usp5), and Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 34 (Usp34) in DSB repair pathways using Drosophila. Our results indicate that the loss of Otu1 and Usp5 induces strong position effect variegation in Drosophila eye following I-SceI-induced DSB deployment. Otu1 and Usp5 are essential in DNA damage-induced cellular response, and both DUBs are required for the fine-tuned regulation of the non-homologous end joining pathway. Furthermore, the Drosophila DR-white assay demonstrated that homologous recombination does not occur in the absence of Usp34, indicating an indispensable role of Usp34 in this process.
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21
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Kim JJ, Lee SY, Hwang Y, Kim S, Chung JM, Park S, Yoon J, Yun H, Ji JH, Chae S, Cho H, Kim CG, Dawson TM, Kim H, Dawson VL, Kang HC. USP39 promotes non-homologous end-joining repair by poly(ADP-ribose)-induced liquid demixing. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:11083-11102. [PMID: 34614178 PMCID: PMC8565343 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutual crosstalk among poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), activated PAR polymerase 1 (PARP1) metabolites, and DNA repair machinery has emerged as a key regulatory mechanism of the DNA damage response (DDR). However, there is no conclusive evidence of how PAR precisely controls DDR. Herein, six deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) associated with PAR-coupled DDR were identified, and the role of USP39, an inactive DUB involved in spliceosome assembly, was characterized. USP39 rapidly localizes to DNA lesions in a PAR-dependent manner, where it regulates non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) via a tripartite RG motif located in the N-terminus comprising 46 amino acids (N46). Furthermore, USP39 acts as a molecular trigger for liquid demixing in a PAR-coupled N46-dependent manner, thereby directly interacting with the XRCC4/LIG4 complex during NHEJ. In parallel, the USP39-associated spliceosome complex controls homologous recombination repair in a PAR-independent manner. These findings provide mechanistic insights into how PAR chains precisely control DNA repair processes in the DDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Jin Kim
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yun Lee
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Yiseul Hwang
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Kim
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Min Chung
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwook Park
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Yoon
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansol Yun
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Ji
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sunyoung Chae
- Institute of Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseong Cho
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Gil Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Chungju 380-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Hongtae Kim
- Center for Genomic Integrity Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.,School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ho Chul Kang
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16499, Republic of Korea
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22
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Snyder NA, Silva GM. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs): Regulation, homeostasis, and oxidative stress response. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101077. [PMID: 34391779 PMCID: PMC8424594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin signaling is a conserved, widespread, and dynamic process in which protein substrates are rapidly modified by ubiquitin to impact protein activity, localization, or stability. To regulate this process, deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) counter the signal induced by ubiquitin conjugases and ligases by removing ubiquitin from these substrates. Many DUBs selectively regulate physiological pathways employing conserved mechanisms of ubiquitin bond cleavage. DUB activity is highly regulated in dynamic environments through protein-protein interaction, posttranslational modification, and relocalization. The largest family of DUBs, cysteine proteases, are also sensitive to regulation by oxidative stress, as reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly modify the catalytic cysteine required for their enzymatic activity. Current research has implicated DUB activity in human diseases, including various cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Due to their selectivity and functional roles, DUBs have become important targets for therapeutic development to treat these conditions. This review will discuss the main classes of DUBs and their regulatory mechanisms with a particular focus on DUB redox regulation and its physiological impact during oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Snyder
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gustavo M Silva
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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23
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Cruz L, Soares P, Correia M. Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases: Players in Cancer Cellular Processes. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090848. [PMID: 34577547 PMCID: PMC8469789 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination represents a post-translational modification (PTM) essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Ubiquitination is involved in the regulation of protein function, localization and turnover through the attachment of a ubiquitin molecule(s) to a target protein. Ubiquitination can be reversed through the action of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). The DUB enzymes have the ability to remove the mono- or poly-ubiquitination signals and are involved in the maturation, recycling, editing and rearrangement of ubiquitin(s). Ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) are the biggest family of DUBs, responsible for numerous cellular functions through interactions with different cellular targets. Over the past few years, several studies have focused on the role of USPs in carcinogenesis, which has led to an increasing development of therapies based on USP inhibitors. In this review, we intend to describe different cellular functions, such as the cell cycle, DNA damage repair, chromatin remodeling and several signaling pathways, in which USPs are involved in the development or progression of cancer. In addition, we describe existing therapies that target the inhibition of USPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Cruz
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (L.C.); (P.S.)
- Ipatimup—Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4250-475 Porto, Portugal
- FCUP—Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (L.C.); (P.S.)
- Ipatimup—Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4250-475 Porto, Portugal
- FCUP—Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Do Porto, 4200-139 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Correia
- i3S—Instituto de Investigação e Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; (L.C.); (P.S.)
- Ipatimup—Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4250-475 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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24
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Hou X, Zhu F, Ni Y, Chen T, Du J, Liu X, Han Y, Liu Y, Du W, Li Y, Wang X, Li D, Liang R, Li B, Shi G. USP4 is pathogenic in allergic airway inflammation by inhibiting regulatory T cell response. Life Sci 2021; 281:119720. [PMID: 34144056 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). It is controllable, but not curable. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 4 (USP4) has been verified as a regulator of regulatory T (Treg) cells and Th17 cells in vitro. In this study, we aim to investigate whether USP4 could serve as a therapeutic target for asthma. MAIN METHODS Age-matched USP4 wild-type and knockout mice received an intraperitoneal injection of 100 μg ovalbumin (OVA) mixed in 2 mg aluminum hydroxide in 1 × PBS on days 0, 7 and 14. On days 21 to 27, the mice were challenged with aerosolized 1% OVA in 1 × PBS for 30 min. Tissue histology, ELISA and flow cytometry were applied 24 h after the last OVA challenge. KEY FINDINGS USP4 deficiency protected mice from OVA-induced AHR and decreased the production of several inflammatory cytokines in T cells in vivo. Compared to the lung cells isolated from WT mice, Usp4-/- lung cells decreased secretion of IL-4, IL-13 and IL-17A upon stimulation in vitro. Meanwhile, the percentage of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells was elevated, with more CCR6+Foxp3+ Treg cells accumulating in the lungs of OVA-challenged USP4 deficient mice than in their wild-type counterparts. Treatment with the USP4 inhibitor, Vialinin A, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in the lungs of OVA-challenged mice in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE We found USP4 deficiency contributes to attenuated airway inflammation and AHR in allergen-induced murine asthma, and Vialinin A treatment alleviates asthma pathogenesis and may serve as a promising therapeutic target for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Hou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangming Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingmeng Ni
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiantian Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinnan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichao Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Du
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guochao Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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25
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The Multifaceted Roles of USP15 in Signal Transduction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094728. [PMID: 33946990 PMCID: PMC8125482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination and deubiquitination are protein post-translational modification processes that have been recognized as crucial mediators of many complex cellular networks, including maintaining ubiquitin homeostasis, controlling protein stability, and regulating several signaling pathways. Therefore, some of the enzymes involved in ubiquitination and deubiquitination, particularly E3 ligases and deubiquitinases, have attracted attention for drug discovery. Here, we review recent findings on USP15, one of the deubiquitinases, which regulates diverse signaling pathways by deubiquitinating vital target proteins. Even though several basic previous studies have uncovered the versatile roles of USP15 in different signaling networks, those have not yet been systematically and specifically reviewed, which can provide important information about possible disease markers and clinical applications. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of USP15 on different signaling pathways for which dynamic reverse ubiquitination is a key regulator.
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26
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Advances in the Development Ubiquitin-Specific Peptidase (USP) Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094546. [PMID: 33925279 PMCID: PMC8123678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitylation and deubiquitylation are reversible protein post-translational modification (PTM) processes involving the regulation of protein degradation under physiological conditions. Loss of balance in this regulatory system can lead to a wide range of diseases, such as cancer and inflammation. As the main members of the deubiquitinases (DUBs) family, ubiquitin-specific peptidases (USPs) are closely related to biological processes through a variety of molecular signaling pathways, including DNA damage repair, p53 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathways. Over the past decade, increasing attention has been drawn to USPs as potential targets for the development of therapeutics across diverse therapeutic areas. In this review, we summarize the crucial roles of USPs in different signaling pathways and focus on advances in the development of USP inhibitors, as well as the methods of screening and identifying USP inhibitors.
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27
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Athie A, Marchese FP, González J, Lozano T, Raimondi I, Juvvuna PK, Abad A, Marin-Bejar O, Serizay J, Martínez D, Ajona D, Pajares MJ, Sandoval J, Montuenga LM, Kanduri C, Lasarte JJ, Huarte M. Analysis of copy number alterations reveals the lncRNA ALAL-1 as a regulator of lung cancer immune evasion. J Cell Biol 2021; 219:152052. [PMID: 32858747 PMCID: PMC7480115 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201908078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is characterized by genomic instability leading to deletion or amplification of oncogenes or tumor suppressors. However, most of the altered regions are devoid of known cancer drivers. Here, we identify lncRNAs frequently lost or amplified in cancer. Among them, we found amplified lncRNA associated with lung cancer-1 (ALAL-1) as frequently amplified in lung adenocarcinomas. ALAL-1 is also overexpressed in additional tumor types, such as lung squamous carcinoma. The RNA product of ALAL-1 is able to promote the proliferation and tumorigenicity of lung cancer cells. ALAL-1 is a TNFα- and NF-κB-induced cytoplasmic lncRNA that specifically interacts with SART3, regulating the subcellular localization of the protein deubiquitinase USP4 and, in turn, its function in the cell. Interestingly, ALAL-1 expression inversely correlates with the immune infiltration of lung squamous tumors, while tumors with ALAL-1 amplification show lower infiltration of several types of immune cells. We have thus unveiled a pro-oncogenic lncRNA that mediates cancer immune evasion, pointing to a new target for immune potentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Athie
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francesco P Marchese
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jovanna González
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Teresa Lozano
- Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ivan Raimondi
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Prasanna Kumar Juvvuna
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amaya Abad
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Oskar Marin-Bejar
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jacques Serizay
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Dannys Martínez
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Ajona
- Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, University of Navarra and CIBERONC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Pajares
- Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, University of Navarra and CIBERONC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Sandoval
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Epigenomics Core Facility, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis M Montuenga
- Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, University of Navarra and CIBERONC, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chandrasekhar Kanduri
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Juan J Lasarte
- Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maite Huarte
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Institute of Health Research of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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28
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Hu B, Zhang D, Zhao K, Wang Y, Pei L, Fu Q, Ma X. Spotlight on USP4: Structure, Function, and Regulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:595159. [PMID: 33681193 PMCID: PMC7935551 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.595159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB)–mediated cleavage of ubiquitin plays a critical role in balancing protein synthesis and degradation. Ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4), a member of the largest subfamily of cysteine protease DUBs, removes monoubiquitinated and polyubiquitinated chains from its target proteins. USP4 contains a DUSP (domain in USP)–UBL (ubiquitin-like) domain and a UBL-insert catalytic domain, sharing a common domain organization with its paralogs USP11 and USP15. USP4 plays a critical role in multiple cellular and biological processes and is tightly regulated under normal physiological conditions. When its expression or activity is aberrant, USP4 is implicated in the progression of a wide range of pathologies, especially cancers. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the current knowledge of USP4 structure, biological functions, pathological roles, and cellular regulation, highlighting the importance of exploring effective therapeutic interventions to target USP4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Hu
- Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingyue Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kejia Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijiao Pei
- Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianmei Fu
- Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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29
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Shen W, Zhang Z, Ma J, Lu D, Lyu L. The Ubiquitin Proteasome System and Skin Fibrosis. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 25:29-40. [PMID: 33433895 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-020-00509-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a highly conserved way to regulate protein turnover in cells. The UPS hydrolyzes and destroys variant or misfolded proteins and finely regulates proteins involved in differentiation, apoptosis, and other biological processes. This system is a key regulatory factor in the proliferation, differentiation, and collagen secretion of skin fibroblasts. E3 ubiquitin protein ligases Parkin and NEDD4 regulate multiple signaling pathways in keloid. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) binding with deubiquitinase USP10 can induce p53 destabilization and promote keloid-derived fibroblast proliferation. The UPS participates in the occurrence and development of hypertrophic scars by regulating the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/Smad signaling pathway. An initial study suggests that TNFα-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) polymorphisms may be significantly associated with scleroderma susceptibility in individuals of Caucasian descent. Sumoylation and multiple ubiquitin ligases, including Smurfs, UFD2, and KLHL42, play vital roles in scleroderma by targeting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. In the future, drugs targeting E3 ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes have great potential for the treatment of skin fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlu Shen
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiaqing Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Di Lu
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Lechun Lyu
- Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Avenue, Chenggong District, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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30
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Zhao X, Sun W, Ren Y, Lu Z. Therapeutic potential of p53 reactivation in cervical cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 157:103182. [PMID: 33276182 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of most common malignancies affecting women worldwide. To date, surgical resection is the only effective radical remedy for CC at its early stages, while the prognosis of metastatic or recurrent CC is very poor. Dysfunction of the tumor suppressor p53 due to aberrant expression, post-translational modification, mutations, SNPs, and LOH as well as sequestration by viral antigens and MDM2/HDM2-mediated degradation is closely associated with the therapeutic insensitivity and relapse of many malignancies, including CC. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that restoration of p53 activity can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, eliminate radio- and chemotherapy resistance, and inhibit tumor growth in CC cells. Therefore, activation of wild-type p53 as well as restoration of p53 function seems appealing as a therapeutic strategy. In this review, we focus on the potential roles of p53 reactivation in CC treatment and their underlying molecular mechanisms towards the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxuan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, LN, China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, LN, China
| | - Ying Ren
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, LN, China
| | - Zaiming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, LN, China
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Scholz N, Kurian KM, Siebzehnrubl FA, Licchesi JDF. Targeting the Ubiquitin System in Glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:574011. [PMID: 33324551 PMCID: PMC7724090 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.574011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumor in adults with poor overall outcome and 5-year survival of less than 5%. Treatment has not changed much in the last decade or so, with surgical resection and radio/chemotherapy being the main options. Glioblastoma is highly heterogeneous and frequently becomes treatment-resistant due to the ability of glioblastoma cells to adopt stem cell states facilitating tumor recurrence. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. The ubiquitin system, in particular E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes, have emerged as a promising source of novel drug targets. In addition to conventional small molecule drug discovery approaches aimed at modulating enzyme activity, several new and exciting strategies are also being explored. Among these, PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) aim to harness the endogenous protein turnover machinery to direct therapeutically relevant targets, including previously considered "undruggable" ones, for proteasomal degradation. PROTAC and other strategies targeting the ubiquitin proteasome system offer new therapeutic avenues which will expand the drug development toolboxes for glioblastoma. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes in the context of glioblastoma and their involvement in core signaling pathways including EGFR, TGF-β, p53 and stemness-related pathways. Finally, we offer new insights into how these ubiquitin-dependent mechanisms could be exploited therapeutically for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Scholz
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Kathreena M. Kurian
- Brain Tumour Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Florian A. Siebzehnrubl
- Cardiff University School of Biosciences, European Cancer Stem Cell Research Institute, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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Ubiquitin-specific protease 4 predicts an unfavorable prognosis and promotes malignant behaviors in vitro in pancreatic cancer. Exp Cell Res 2020; 396:112317. [PMID: 33038351 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4), has been reported to participate in the progression of various cancers due to its role in post-translational modulation. However, the prognostic significance and mechanism of USP4 in pancreatic cancer (PC) have not been well elucidated before. In the present study, we found that USP4 expression was higher in PC tissues than that in adjacent normal tissues and PC patients with high level of USP4 expression have a poor prognosis via immunohistochemistry and bioinformatics analyses. In vitro study showed that knockdown of USP4 inhibited PC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. Mechanistically, USP4 can activate nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway via stabilizing TNF receptor associated factor 6 at its protein level to promote the ability of proliferation, migration and invasion of PC cells. The results of this study revealed that USP4 plays a tumor-promoting role in PC and can be used as a prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for patients with resected PC.
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33
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Huang X, Zhang X, Xu J, Wang X, Zhang G, Tang T, Shen X, Liang T, Bai X. Deubiquitinating Enzyme: A Potential Secondary Checkpoint of Cancer Immunity. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1289. [PMID: 32850399 PMCID: PMC7426525 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of cancer immunotherapy depends on the fine interplay between tumoral immune checkpoints and host immune system. However, the up-to-date clinical performance of checkpoint blockers in cancer therapy revealed that higher-level regulation should be further investigated for better therapeutic outcomes. It is becoming increasingly evident that the expression of immune checkpoints is largely associated to the immunotherapeutic response and consequent prognosis. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) with their role of cleaving ubiquitin from proteins and other molecules, thus reversing ubiquitination-mediated protein degradation, modulate multiple cellular processes, including, but not limited to, transcriptional regulation, cell cycle progression, tissue development, and antiviral response. Accumulating evidence indicates that DUBs also have the critical influence on anticancer immunity, simply by stabilizing pivotal checkpoints or key regulators of T-cell functions. Therefore, this review summarizes the current knowledge about DUBs, highlights the secondary checkpoint-like role of DUBs in cancer immunity, in particular their direct effects on the stability control of pivotal checkpoints and key regulators of T-cell functions, and suggests the therapeutic potential of DUBs-based strategy in targeted immunotherapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xun Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaochao Shen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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34
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Wang Y, Zhou L, Lu J, Jiang B, Liu C, Guo J. USP4 function and multifaceted roles in cancer: a possible and potential therapeutic target. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:298. [PMID: 32669974 PMCID: PMC7350758 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the major culprits causing disease-related deaths and leads to a high morbidity and similar mortality. Insidious onset, difficult early detection and a lack of broad-spectrum and effective multi-cancer therapeutic targets have limited the prolongation of cancer patients’ survival for decades. Therefore, a versatile therapeutic target which is involved in various cancer-related signaling pathways and different cancers may be more effective for cancer targeted therapy. USP4, one of the DUBs members which participates in deubiquitination, an inverse process of ubiquitination, can regulate various classical cancer-related signaling pathways, and thereby plays a vital role in some pathological and physiological processes including tumor initiation and progression. Recently, USP4 has been found to exert versatile influences on cells proliferation, migration and invasion, also apoptosis of various tumors. Moreover, USP4 can also act as a prognostic biomarker in several cancers. This review will give a comprehensive introduction of USP4 about its regulatory mechanisms, related signaling pathways, pathophysiological functions and the roles in various cancers which may help us better understand its biological functions and improve future studies to construct suitable USP4-targeted cancer therapy system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Bolun Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Chengxi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Junchao Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730 China
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35
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Li F, Hu Q, He T, Xu J, Yi Y, Xie S, Ding L, Fu M, Guo R, Xiao ZXJ, Niu M. The Deubiquitinase USP4 Stabilizes Twist1 Protein to Promote Lung Cancer Cell Stemness. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061582. [PMID: 32549341 PMCID: PMC7352958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a pivotal role in tumor development, drug resistance, metastasis and recurrence of lung cancer. Thus, it is of great importance to study the mechanism by which CSCs are regulated. In this study, we demonstrate that the deubiquitinase USP4 is critically important in promoting lung cancer stemness. Silencing of USP4 leads to reduction of Oct4 and Sox2 expression, decreased CD133+ cell population and inhibition of tumorsphere formation. Conversely, ectopic expression of USP4 significantly enhances lung cancer cell stemness, which is effectively rescued by simultaneous silencing of Twist1. Mechanistically, we identified USP4 as a novel deubiquitinase of Twist1. USP4 binds to, deubiquitinates and stabilizes Twist1 protein. Furthermore, we show that USP4 expression is elevated in human lung cancer specimens and is positively correlated with Twist1 expression. High expression of USP4/Twist1 is associated with poor clinical outcomes of lung cancer patients. Together, this study highlights an important role for USP4 in lung cancer stemness and suggests USP4 as a potential target for lung cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhi-Xiong Jim Xiao
- Correspondence: (Z.-X.J.X.); (M.N.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-8541-0034 (Z.-X.J.X.)
| | - Mengmeng Niu
- Correspondence: (Z.-X.J.X.); (M.N.); Tel./Fax: +86-28-8541-0034 (Z.-X.J.X.)
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36
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Antao AM, Tyagi A, Kim KS, Ramakrishna S. Advances in Deubiquitinating Enzyme Inhibition and Applications in Cancer Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1579. [PMID: 32549302 PMCID: PMC7352412 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), the roles of ubiquitinating and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) have been widely elucidated. The ubiquitination of proteins regulates many aspects of cellular functions such as protein degradation and localization, and also modifies protein-protein interactions. DUBs cleave the attached ubiquitin moieties from substrates and thereby reverse the process of ubiquitination. The dysregulation of these two paramount pathways has been implicated in numerous diseases, including cancer. Attempts are being made to identify inhibitors of ubiquitin E3 ligases and DUBs that potentially have clinical implications in cancer, making them an important target in the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore, studies in medicine are currently focused on the pharmacological disruption of DUB activity as a rationale to specifically target cancer-causing protein aberrations. Here, we briefly discuss the pathophysiological and physiological roles of DUBs in key cancer-related pathways. We also discuss the clinical applications of promising DUB inhibitors that may contribute to the development of DUBs as key therapeutic targets in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainsley Mike Antao
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (A.M.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Apoorvi Tyagi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (A.M.A.); (A.T.)
| | - Kye-Seong Kim
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (A.M.A.); (A.T.)
- College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (A.M.A.); (A.T.)
- College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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37
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Regulation of Deubiquitinating Enzymes by Post-Translational Modifications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21114028. [PMID: 32512887 PMCID: PMC7312083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21114028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination and deubiquitination play a critical role in all aspects of cellular processes, and the enzymes involved are tightly regulated by multiple factors including posttranslational modifications like most other proteins. Dysfunction or misregulation of these enzymes could have dramatic physiological consequences, sometimes leading to diseases. Therefore, it is important to have a clear understanding of these regulatory processes. Here, we have reviewed the posttranslational modifications of deubiquitinating enzymes and their consequences on the catalytic activity, stability, abundance, localization, and interaction with the partner proteins.
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38
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Cho J, Park J, Shin SC, Jang M, Kim JH, Kim EE, Song EJ. USP47 Promotes Tumorigenesis by Negative Regulation of p53 through Deubiquitinating Ribosomal Protein S2. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1137. [PMID: 32370049 PMCID: PMC7281321 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 is activated in response to cellular stresses such as DNA damage, oxidative stress, and especially ribosomal stress. Although the regulations of p53 by E3 ligase and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) have been described, the cellular roles of DUB associated with ribosomal stress have not been well studied. In this study, we report that Ubiquitin Specific Protease 47 (USP47) functions as an important regulator of p53. We show that ubiquitinated ribosomal protein S2 (RPS2) by Mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) is deubiquitinated by USP47. USP47 inhibits the interaction between RPS2 and MDM2 thereby alleviating RPS2-mediated suppression of MDM2 under normal conditions. However, dissociation of USP47 leads to RPS2 binding to MDM2, which is required for the suppression of MDM2, consequently inducing up-regulation of the p53 level under ribosomal stress. Finally, we show that depletion of USP47 induces p53 and therefore inhibits cell proliferation, colony formation, and tumor progression in cancer cell lines and a mouse xenograft model. These findings suggest that USP47 could be a potential therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Cho
- Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea; (J.C.); (S.C.S.); (M.J.)
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-1 Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Jinyoung Park
- Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea;
| | - Sang Chul Shin
- Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea; (J.C.); (S.C.S.); (M.J.)
| | - Mihue Jang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea; (J.C.); (S.C.S.); (M.J.)
| | - Jae-Hong Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 5-1 Anam-dong, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Eunice EunKyeong Kim
- Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Korea; (J.C.); (S.C.S.); (M.J.)
| | - Eun Joo Song
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Lai KP, Chen J, Tse WKF. Role of Deubiquitinases in Human Cancers: Potential Targeted Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072548. [PMID: 32268558 PMCID: PMC7177317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUBs) are involved in various cellular functions. They deconjugate ubiquitin (UBQ) from ubiquitylated substrates to regulate their activity and stability. Studies on the roles of deubiquitylation have been conducted in various cancers to identify the carcinogenic roles of DUBs. In this review, we evaluate the biological roles of DUBs in cancer, including proliferation, cell cycle control, apoptosis, the DNA damage response, tumor suppression, oncogenesis, and metastasis. This review mainly focuses on the regulation of different downstream effectors and pathways via biochemical regulation and posttranslational modifications. We summarize the relationship between DUBs and human cancers and discuss the potential of DUBs as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. This review also provides basic knowledge of DUBs in the development of cancers and highlights the importance of DUBs in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng Po Lai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China;
| | - Jian Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, China;
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (W.K.F.T.); Tel.: +86-773-5895810 (J.C.); +81-92-802-4767 (W.K.F.T.)
| | - William Ka Fai Tse
- Center for Promotion of International Education and Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (W.K.F.T.); Tel.: +86-773-5895810 (J.C.); +81-92-802-4767 (W.K.F.T.)
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40
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Nielsen CP, MacGurn JA. Coupling Conjugation and Deconjugation Activities to Achieve Cellular Ubiquitin Dynamics. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 45:427-439. [PMID: 32311336 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, proteome remodeling is mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which regulates protein degradation, trafficking, and signaling events in the cell. Interplay between the cellular proteome and ubiquitin is complex and dynamic and many regulatory features that support this system have only recently come into focus. An unexpected recurring feature in this system is the physical interaction between E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitylases (DUBs). Recent studies have reported on the regulatory significance of DUB-E3 interactions and it is becoming clear that they play important but complicated roles in the regulation of diverse cellular processes. Here, we summarize the current understanding of interactions between ubiquitin conjugation and deconjugation machineries and we examine the regulatory logic of these enigmatic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey P Nielsen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jason A MacGurn
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Lv Z, Lei T. Systematical identifications of prognostic meaningful lung adenocarcinoma subtypes and the underlying mutational and expressional characters. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:56. [PMID: 31987030 PMCID: PMC6983970 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6462-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most common cancer types, threatening the human health around the world. However, the high heterogeneity and complexity of LUAD limit the benefits of targeted therapies. This study aimed to identify the key prognosis impacting genes and relevant subtypes for LUAD. Methods We recognized significant mutations and prognosis-relevant genes based on the omics data of 515 LUAD samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Mutation significance was estimated by MutSigCV. Prognosis analysis was based on the cox proportional hazards regression (Coxph) model. Specifically, the Coxph model was combined with a causal regulatory network to help reveal which genes play master roles among numerous prognosis impacting genes. Based on expressional profiles of the master genes, LUAD patients were clustered into different sub-types by a consensus clustering method and the importance of master genes were further evaluated by random forest. Results Significant mutations did not influence the prognosis directly. However, a collection of prognosis relevant genes were recognized, where 75 genes like GAPDH and GGA2 which are involved in mTOR signaling, lysosome or other key pathways are further identified as the master ones. Interestingly, the master gene expressions help separate LUAD patients into two sub-types displaying remarkable differences in expressional profiles, prognostic outcomes and genomic mutations in certain genes, like SMARCA4 and COL11A1. Meanwhile, the subtypes were re-discovered from two additional LUAD cohorts based on the top-10 important master genes. Conclusions This study can promote precision treatment of LUAD by providing a comprehensive description on the key prognosis-relevant genes and an alternative way to classify LUAD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Lv
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Lei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, People's Republic of China.
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42
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Functional analysis of deubiquitylating enzymes in tumorigenesis and development. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1872:188312. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.188312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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43
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Ning F, Xin H, Liu J, Lv C, Xu X, Wang M, Wang Y, Zhang W, Zhang X. Structure and function of USP5: Insight into physiological and pathophysiological roles. Pharmacol Res 2019; 157:104557. [PMID: 31756387 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Deubiquitinase (DUB)-mediated cleavage of ubiquitin chains from substrate proteins plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, such as DNA repair and protein stabilization and localization. DUBs can be classified into five families based on their sequence and structural homology, and the majority belong to the ubiquitin-specific proteinase (USP) family. As one of the USPs, ubiquitin-specific proteinase 5 (USP5) is unique in that it can specifically recognize unanchored (not conjugated to target proteins) polyubiquitin and is essential for maintaining homeostasis of the monoubiquitin pool. USP5 has also been implicated in a wide variety of cellular events. In the present review, we focus on USP5 and provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge regarding its structure, physiological roles in multiple cellular events, and pathophysiological roles in relevant diseases, especially cancer. Signaling pathways and emerging pharmacological profiles of USP5 are also introduced, which fully embody the therapeutic potential of USP5 for human diseases ranging from cancer to neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Ning
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hong Xin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Junqiu Liu
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Chao Lv
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Center for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Mengling Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yinhang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Qiu C, Liu Y, Mei Y, Zou M, Zhao Z, Ye M, Wu X. Ubiquitin-specific protease 4 promotes metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by increasing TGF-β signaling-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:2783-2799. [PMID: 30335615 PMCID: PMC6224254 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Invasion and metastasis are the main cause of recurrence and death in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Revealing the mechanisms of HCC metastasis is important for developing new therapeutic approaches and reducing patient mortality. Ubiquitin specific protease 4 (USP4), is involved in tumorigenesis by deubiquitinating some important oncogenic proteins and impacting their degradation. In the present study, we found that USP4 was significantly upregulated in HCC tumor tissues and the high expression of USP4 was associated with distant metastasis and poor survival in patients. Using gene interference, we demonstrated that USP4 knockdown significantly inhibited HCC cell migration and invasion in vitro, and USP4 overexpression had the opposite results. In vivo, we also found that USP4 knockdown obviously blocked HCC cell metastasis. Mechanistically, we revealed that USP4 interacted directly with and deubiquitinated TGF-β receptor type I (TGFR-1) to activate the TGF-β signaling pathway, and subsequently induced the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in HCC cells. Taken together, our results elucidate that USP4 is highly expressed in HCC and promotes the tumor invasion and metastasis, the underlying mechanism is that USP4 directly interacts with and deubiquitinates TGFR-1 to increase TGF-β signaling-Induced EMT. These results could provide a new therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, P.R. China
| | - Ying Mei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Min Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Zhibo Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
| | - Mingxin Ye
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Lu zhou, Sichuan, 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P.R. China
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Zachariah S, Gray DA. Deubiquitinating Enzymes in Model Systems and Therapy: Redundancy and Compensation Have Implications. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1900112. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Zachariah
- Centre for Cancer TherapeuticsOttawa Hospital Research Institute 501 Smyth Box 926 Ottawa ON K1H 8L6 Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Ottawa 451 Smyth Rd Ottawa ON K1H 8M5 Canada
| | - Douglas A. Gray
- Centre for Cancer TherapeuticsOttawa Hospital Research Institute 501 Smyth Box 926 Ottawa ON K1H 8L6 Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Ottawa 451 Smyth Rd Ottawa ON K1H 8M5 Canada
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Zhang J, Na S, Pan S, Long S, Xin Y, Jiang Q, Lai Z, Yan J, Cao Z. Inhibition of USP4 attenuates pathological scarring by downregulation of the TGF‑β/Smad signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1429-1435. [PMID: 31173246 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological scarring is a result of the hypertrophy of scar tissue during tissue repair following trauma. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of ubiquitin‑specific protease 4 (USP4) silencing on pathological scarring, and to evaluate the mechanistic basis for the effect. An MTT assay was used to assess cell viability. Immunoprecipitation (IP) was used to determine ubiquitination levels of the TGF‑β receptor (TβR)I and Smad7. Tumor formation was assessed by injecting keloid fibroblasts. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to detect pathological changes in tumor tissue. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis assays were used to evaluate the expression levels of TβRI and Smad7. Compared with the untreated control animals, cell viability and the expression of TβRI and Smad7 increased significantly in animals treated with TGF‑β. Short hairpin RNA for USP4 (shUSP4) decreased the cell viability of negative control cells, TGF‑β‑induced cellular proliferation, and the expression of TβRI and Smad7. IP experiments indicated that the ubiquitination level of TβRI was decreased following USP4 silencing. There was no remarkable difference in the structure of scar tissue among the various animal groups at 14 days following treatment, while the necrotic area of the scar tissue in the shUSP4 and vialinin A (USP inhibitor)‑treated animals increased significantly at the 28th and 42nd day compared with the control animals. At days 14, 28 and 42, the expression levels of TβRI and Smad7 in the shUSP4 and vialinin A‑treated animals were significantly decreased compared with the control animals (P<0.05). In summary, interference with or inhibition of USP4 prevented the activity of the TGF‑β/Smad pathway signaling and inhibited the formation of pathological scars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Sijia Na
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shuting Pan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Sang Long
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yuqi Xin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qingkun Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhongwei Lai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Junfeng Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyi Cao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Young MJ, Hsu KC, Lin TE, Chang WC, Hung JJ. The role of ubiquitin-specific peptidases in cancer progression. J Biomed Sci 2019; 26:42. [PMID: 31133011 PMCID: PMC6537419 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-019-0522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is an important mechanism for regulating the activity and levels of proteins under physiological conditions. Loss of regulation by protein ubiquitination leads to various diseases, such as cancer. Two types of enzymes, namely, E1/E2/E3 ligases and deubiquitinases, are responsible for controlling protein ubiquitination. The ubiquitin-specific peptidases (USPs) are the main members of the deubiquitinase family. Many studies have addressed the roles of USPs in various diseases. An increasing number of studies have indicated that USPs are critical for cancer progression, and some USPs have been used as targets to develop inhibitors for cancer prevention. Herein we collect and organize most of the recent studies on the roles of USPs in cancer progression and discuss the development of USP inhibitors for cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jer Young
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Cheng Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tony Eight Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Jong Hung
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan. .,The Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Liang Y, Song X, Li Y, Ma T, Su P, Guo R, Chen B, Zhang H, Sang Y, Liu Y, Duan Y, Zhang N, Li X, Zhao W, Wang L, Yang Q. Targeting the circBMPR2/miR-553/USP4 Axis as a Potent Therapeutic Approach for Breast Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:347-361. [PMID: 31302495 PMCID: PMC6626870 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have crucial roles in various processes, including cancer development and progression. However, the functional roles of circRNAs in breast cancer remain to be elucidated. In this study, we identified a novel circRNA (named circBMPR2) whose expression was lower in breast cancer tissues with metastasis. Moreover, circBMPR2 expression was negatively associated with the motility of breast cancer cells and significantly downregulated in human breast cancer tissues. Functionally, we found that circBMPR2 knockdown effectively enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, circBMPR2 knockdown promoted tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer cells through inhibiting tamoxifen-induced apoptosis, whereas circBMPR2 overexpression led to decreased tamoxifen resistance. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that circBMPR2 could abundantly sponge miR-553 and that miR-553 overexpression could attenuate the inhibitory effects caused by circBMPR2 overexpression. We also found that ubiquitin-specific protease 4 (USP4) was a direct target of miR-553, which functions as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer. Our findings demonstrated that circBMPR2 might function as a miR-553 sponge and then relieve the suppression of USP4 to inhibit the progression and tamoxifen resistance of breast cancer. Targeting this newly identified circRNA may help us to develop potential novel therapies for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojin Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Yaming Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Tingting Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Su
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Renbo Guo
- Department of Urology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Yuting Sang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Duan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Qifeng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Pathology Tissue Bank, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China.
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49
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Wang A, Zhu F, Liang R, Li D, Li B. Regulation of T cell differentiation and function by ubiquitin-specific proteases. Cell Immunol 2019; 340:103922. [PMID: 31078284 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2019.103922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
T cells play critical roles in immune responses to pathogens, autoimmunity, and antitumor immunity. During the past few decades, increasing numbers of studies have demonstrated the significance of protein ubiquitination in T cell-mediated immunity. Several E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs) have been identified as either positive or negative regulators of T cell development and function. In this review, we mainly focus on the roles of DUBs (especially ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs)) in modulating T cell differentiation and function, as well as the molecular mechanisms. Understanding how T cell development and function is regulated by ubiquitination and deubiquitination will provide novel strategies for treating infection, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Unit of Molecular Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fangming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Unit of Molecular Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-energy Crops, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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50
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The Deubiquitylase USP4 Interacts with the Water Channel AQP2 to Modulate Its Apical Membrane Accumulation and Cellular Abundance. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030265. [PMID: 30901874 PMCID: PMC6468601 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin 2 (AQP2) mediates the osmotic water permeability of the kidney collecting duct in response to arginine vasopressin (VP) and is essential for body water homeostasis. VP effects on AQP2 occur via long-term alterations in AQP2 abundance and short-term changes in AQP2 localization. Several of the effects of VP on AQP2 are dependent on AQP2 phosphorylation and ubiquitylation; post-translational modifications (PTM) that modulate AQP2 subcellular distribution and function. Although several protein kinases, phosphatases, and ubiquitin E3 ligases have been implicated in AQP2 PTM, how AQP2 is deubiquitylated or the role of deubiquitylases (DUBS) in AQP2 function is unknown. Here, we report a novel role of the ubiquitin-specific protease USP4 in modulating AQP2 function. USP4 co-localized with AQP2 in the mouse kidney, and in mpkCCD14 cells USP4 and AQP2 abundance are increased by VP. AQP2 and USP4 co-immunoprecipitated from mpkCCD14 cells and mouse kidney, and in vitro, USP4 can deubiquitylate AQP2. In mpkCCD14 cells, shRNA mediated knockdown of USP4 decreased AQP2 protein abundance, whereas no changes in AQP2 mRNA levels or VP-induced cAMP production were detected. VP-induced AQP2 membrane accumulation in knockdown cells was significantly reduced, which was associated with higher levels of ubiquitylated AQP2. AQP2 protein half-life was also significantly reduced in USP4 knockdown cells. Taken together, the data suggest that USP4 is a key regulator of AQP2 deubiquitylation and that loss of USP4 leads to increased AQP2 ubiquitylation, decreased AQP2 levels, and decreased cell surface AQP2 accumulation upon VP treatment. These studies have implications for understanding body water homeostasis.
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