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He J, Chen D, Xiong W, Hou X, Quan Y, Yang M, Dong Z. Eomesodermin spatiotemporally orchestrates the early and late stages of NK cell development by targeting KLF2 and T-bet, respectively. Cell Mol Immunol 2024; 21:662-673. [PMID: 38740922 PMCID: PMC11214621 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01164-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Eomesodermin (Eomes) is a critical factor in the development of natural killer (NK) cells, but its precise role in temporal and spatial coordination during this process remains unclear. Our study revealed that Eomes plays distinct roles during the early and late stages of NK cell development. Specifically, the early deletion of Eomes via the CD122-Cre transgene resulted in significant blockade at the progenitor stage due to the downregulation of KLF2, another important transcription factor. ChIP-seq revealed direct binding of Eomes to the conserved noncoding sequence (CNS) of Klf2. Utilizing the CHimeric IMmune Editing (CHIME) technique, we found that deletion of the CNS region of Klf2 via CRISPRi led to a reduction in the NK cell population and developmental arrest. Moreover, constitutive activation of this specific CNS region through CRISPRa significantly reversed the severe defects in NK cell development caused by Eomes deficiency. Conversely, Ncr1-Cre-mediated terminal deletion of Eomes expedited the transition of NK cell subsets from the CD27+CD11b+ phenotype to the CD27-CD11b+ phenotype. Late-stage deficiency of Eomes led to a significant increase in T-bet expression, which subsequently increased the expression of the transcription factor Zeb2. Genetic deletion of one allele of Tbx21, encoding T-bet, effectively reversed the aberrant differentiation of Eomes-deficient NK cells. In summary, we utilized two innovative genetic models to elucidate the intricate mechanisms underlying Eomes-mediated NK cell commitment and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and Institute for Clinical Immunology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Donglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Xinlei Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhe Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Meixiang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control (Jinan University). Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Germ-Free Animals and Microbiota Application. School of Medicine. Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Zhongjun Dong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and Institute for Clinical Immunology, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230032, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Innovative Institute of Tumor Immunity and Medicine (ITIM), Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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2
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Foltz JA, Tran J, Wong P, Fan C, Schmidt E, Fisk B, Becker-Hapak M, Russler-Germain DA, Johnson J, Marin ND, Cubitt CC, Pence P, Rueve J, Pureti S, Hwang K, Gao F, Zhou AY, Foster M, Schappe T, Marsala L, Berrien-Elliott MM, Cashen AF, Bednarski JJ, Fertig E, Griffith OL, Griffith M, Wang T, Petti AA, Fehniger TA. Cytokines drive the formation of memory-like NK cell subsets via epigenetic rewiring and transcriptional regulation. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadk4893. [PMID: 38941480 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adk4893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Activation of natural killer (NK) cells with the cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-15, and IL-18 induces their differentiation into memory-like (ML) NK cells; however, the underlying epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms are unclear. By combining ATAC-seq, CITE-seq, and functional analyses, we discovered that IL-12/15/18 activation results in two main human NK fates: reprogramming into enriched memory-like (eML) NK cells or priming into effector conventional NK (effcNK) cells. eML NK cells had distinct transcriptional and epigenetic profiles and enhanced function, whereas effcNK cells resembled cytokine-primed cNK cells. Two transcriptionally discrete subsets of eML NK cells were also identified, eML-1 and eML-2, primarily arising from CD56bright or CD56dim mature NK cell subsets, respectively. Furthermore, these eML subsets were evident weeks after transfer of IL-12/15/18-activated NK cells into patients with cancer. Our findings demonstrate that NK cell activation with IL-12/15/18 results in previously unappreciated diverse cellular fates and identifies new strategies to enhance NK therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Tran
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pamela Wong
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Changxu Fan
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Evelyn Schmidt
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bryan Fisk
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Nancy D Marin
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Celia C Cubitt
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Patrick Pence
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joseph Rueve
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sushanth Pureti
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kimberly Hwang
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alice Y Zhou
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mark Foster
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy Schappe
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Lynne Marsala
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Amanda F Cashen
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Obi L Griffith
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Malachi Griffith
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Allegra A Petti
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Todd A Fehniger
- Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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3
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Dekojová T, Gmucová H, Macečková D, Klieber R, Ostašov P, Leba M, Vlas T, Jungová A, Caputo VS, Čedíková M, Lysák D, Jindra P, Holubová M. Lymphocyte profile in peripheral blood of patients with multiple myeloma. Ann Hematol 2024:10.1007/s00277-024-05820-x. [PMID: 38832999 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05820-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a disease which remains incurable. One of the main reasons is a weakened immune system that allows MM cells to survive. Therefore, the current research is focused on the study of immune system imbalance in MM to find the most effective immunotherapy strategies. Aiming to identify the key points of immune failure in MM patients, we analysed peripheral lymphocytes subsets from MM patients (n = 57) at various stages of the disease course and healthy individuals (HI, n = 15) focusing on T, NK, iNKT, B cells and NK-cell cytokines. Our analysis revealed that MM patients exhibited immune alterations in all studied immune subsets. Compared to HI, MM patients had a significantly lower proportion of CD4 + T cells (19.55% vs. 40.85%; p < 0.001) and CD4 + iNKT cells (18.8% vs. 40%; p < 0.001), within B cells an increased proportion of CD21LCD38L subset (4.5% vs. 0.4%; p < 0.01) and decreased level of memory cells (unswitched 6.1% vs. 14.7%; p < 0.001 and switched 7.8% vs. 11.2%; NS), NK cells displaying signs of activation and exhaustion characterised by a more than 2-fold increase in SLAMF7 MFI (p < 0.001), decreased expression of NKG2D (MFI) and NKp46 (%) on CD16 + 56 + and CD16 + 56- subset respectively (p < 0.05), Effective immunotherapy needs to consider these immune defects and monitoring of the immune status of MM patients is essential to define better interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Dekojová
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Pilsen, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Gmucová
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Pilsen, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Diana Macečková
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Robin Klieber
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Pilsen, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Ostašov
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Leba
- Faculty of Applied Science, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen, 301 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Vlas
- Institute of Allergology and Immunology, University Hospital Pilsen, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandra Jungová
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Pilsen, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Valentina S Caputo
- Cancer Biology and Therapy laboratory, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | - Miroslava Čedíková
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Lysák
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Pilsen, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Jindra
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Pilsen, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Holubová
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Pilsen, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic.
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, Pilsen, 323 00, Czech Republic.
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Zeiny SMH, Ali SHM. Immunohistochemical study of the expressed cluster differentiation markers proteins type 20 and 56 in breast tissues from a group of Iraqi patients with breast cancers. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:3621-3628. [PMID: 37898871 PMCID: PMC10770690 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.10.3621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) are important immunological components in response to cancers. Patients with higher numbers of TIL in breast cancerous tissues, comprising T- cytotoxic and T - helper cells along with B- and rare natural killer (NK) cells, have more favorable clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE To analyze the rate of the expressed surface biomarker proteins of CD20-B cells and CD56- NK cells on the infiltrative lymphocytic subpopulations in a group of breast tumorous tissues (invasive and benign) from female patients in Iraq and explore the relations to the grade of the invasive breast cancerous tissues. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and 75 archived breast tissues were enrolled in this retrospective research: 100 archived breast from female patients with invasive breast cancers (BC) [20 well differentiated BC tissues; 48 moderately differentiated BC and 32 poorly differentiated BC tissues]; 50 tissue biopsies from female patients with benign breast tumors and 25 apparently normal individuals with healthy breast tissues (included as the control group for this study). Immunohistochemistry was achieved for the detection of the expressed surface biomarker proteins related to B cell CD20 and NK cell CD56 present on the infiltrative lymphocytic subpopulations in breast tissues by using specific primary antibodies for these proteins via utilizing an immune-enzymatic antigen detection system. RESULTS The detection of IHC reactions for the expressed B cell CD20 - cell surface ( CD) biomarker proteins were observed in 53 out of 100 (53.0%) BC tissues, and in 24 out of 50 (48.0%) benign breast tumorous tissues, while CD20- positive cell surface markers was detected in apparently healthy breast tissues of the control group in a percentage of 32.0% (8 out of 25 tissues). Statistical significant differences (P<0.05) between both groups of malignant and benign breast tumors and the control group were found. However, between breast malignant and benign tumor groups, no significant difference was found ( p >0.05). Detection of CD56- IHC reactions revealed in 14% (14 out of 100 BC tissues), in 16% (8 out of 50 benign breast tissues) and none of control breast tissues revealed CD56- IHC reactions. Among all the enrolled groups, no significant differences (P>0.05) were detected. CONCLUSIONS The observed significant rates that showed highly significant differences between both studied groups of breast malignant and benign tumor in comparison to the control group indicate that the CD20- positive infiltrative B cell- lymphocytic subpopulations might contributed in the defense against these subsets of benign and malignant breast tumors. However, the observed rates of NK cell CD56 present on the lymphocytic subpopulations infiltrating the examined malignant and benign breast tumorous tissues seeming to play irrelevant roles in the defense against these studied breast tumor groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmad M H Zeiny
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Saad Hasan Mohammed Ali
- Clinical Communicable Diseases Research unit, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Iraq.
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5
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Preteroti M, Wilson ET, Eidelman DH, Baglole CJ. Modulation of pulmonary immune function by inhaled cannabis products and consequences for lung disease. Respir Res 2023; 24:95. [PMID: 36978106 PMCID: PMC10043545 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02399-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The lungs, in addition to participating in gas exchange, represent the first line of defense against inhaled pathogens and respiratory toxicants. Cells lining the airways and alveoli include epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages, the latter being resident innate immune cells important in surfactant recycling, protection against bacterial invasion and modulation of lung immune homeostasis. Environmental exposure to toxicants found in cigarette smoke, air pollution and cannabis can alter the number and function of immune cells in the lungs. Cannabis (marijuana) is a plant-derived product that is typically inhaled in the form of smoke from a joint. However, alternative delivery methods such as vaping, which heats the plant without combustion, are becoming more common. Cannabis use has increased in recent years, coinciding with more countries legalizing cannabis for both recreational and medicinal purposes. Cannabis may have numerous health benefits owing to the presence of cannabinoids that dampen immune function and therefore tame inflammation that is associated with chronic diseases such as arthritis. The health effects that could come with cannabis use remain poorly understood, particularly inhaled cannabis products that may directly impact the pulmonary immune system. Herein, we first describe the bioactive phytochemicals present in cannabis, with an emphasis on cannabinoids and their ability to interact with the endocannabinoid system. We also review the current state-of-knowledge as to how inhaled cannabis/cannabinoids can shape immune response in the lungs and discuss the potential consequences of altered pulmonary immunity. Overall, more research is needed to understand how cannabis inhalation shapes the pulmonary immune response to balance physiological and beneficial responses with potential deleterious consequences on the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Preteroti
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Emily T Wilson
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David H Eidelman
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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The RNA helicase DHX15 is a critical regulator of natural killer-cell homeostasis and functions. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:687-701. [PMID: 35322175 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00852-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The RNA helicase DHX15 is widely expressed in immune cells and traditionally thought to be an RNA splicing factor or a viral RNA sensor. However, the role of DHX15 in NK-cell activities has not been studied thus far. Here, we generated Dhx15-floxed mice and found that conditional deletion of Dhx15 in NK cells (Ncr1CreDhx15fl/fl mice) resulted in a marked reduction in NK cells in the periphery and that the remaining Dhx15-deleted NK cells failed to acquire a mature phenotype. As a result, Dhx15-deleted NK cells exhibited profound defects in their cytolytic functions. We also found that deletion of Dhx15 in NK cells abrogated their responsiveness to IL-15, which was associated with inhibition of IL-2/IL-15Rβ (CD122) expression and IL-15R signaling. The defects in Dhx15-deleted NK cells were rescued by ectopic expression of a constitutively active form of STAT5. Mechanistically, DHX15 did not affect CD122 mRNA splicing and stability in NK cells but instead facilitated the surface expression of CD122, likely through interaction with its 3'UTR, which was dependent on the ATPase domain of DHX15 rather than its splicing domain. Collectively, our data identify a key role for DHX15 in regulating NK-cell activities and provide novel mechanistic insights into how DHX15 regulates the IL-15 signaling pathway in NK cells.
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Kathamuthu GR, Sridhar R, Baskaran D, Babu S. Dominant expansion of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1 cytokines in culture-positive lymph node tuberculosis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269109. [PMID: 35617254 PMCID: PMC9135291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymph node culture-positive tuberculosis (LNTB+) is associated with increased mycobacterial antigen-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production compared to LN culture-negative tuberculosis (LNTB-). However, the frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and NK cells expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1 (IFNγ, TNFα, IL-2), Th17/Tc17/Type 17 (IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22) cytokines and cytotoxic (perforin [PFN], granzyme [GZE] B, CD107a) markers in LNTB+ and LNTB- individuals are not known. Thus, we have studied the unstimulated (UNS) and mycobacterial antigen-induced frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing Th1, Th17 cytokines and cytotoxic markers using flow cytometry. The frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing cytokines and cytotoxic markers were not significantly different between LNTB+ and LNTB- individuals in UNS condition. In contrast, upon Mtb antigen stimulation, LNTB+ individuals are associated with significantly increased frequencies of CD4+ T cells (PPD [IFNγ, TNFα], ESAT-6 PP [IFNγ, TNFα], CFP-10 PP [IFNγ, TNFα, IL-2]), CD8+ T cells (PPD [IFNγ], ESAT-6 PP [IFNγ], CFP-10 PP [TNFα]) and NK cells (PPD [IFNγ, TNFα], ESAT-6 PP [IFNγ, TNFα], CFP-10 PP [TNFα]) expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1, but not Th17/Tc17/Type 17 cytokines and cytotoxic markers compared to LNTB- individuals. LNTB+ individuals did not show any significant alterations in the frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and NK cells expressing cytokines and cytotoxic markers compared to LNTB- individuals upon HIV Gag PP and P/I antigen stimulation. Increased frequencies of CD4+, CD8+ T and NK cells expressing Th1/Tc1/Type 1 cytokines among the LNTB+ group indicates that the presence of mycobacteria plays a dominant role in the activation of key correlates of immune protection or induces higher immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Raj Kathamuthu
- National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chennai, India
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Dhanaraj Baskaran
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chennai, India
| | - Subash Babu
- National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Min KY, Koo J, Noh G, Lee D, Jo MG, Lee JE, Kang M, Hyun SY, Choi WS, Kim HS. CD1d hiPD-L1 hiCD27 + Regulatory Natural Killer Subset Suppresses Atopic Dermatitis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:752888. [PMID: 35069528 PMCID: PMC8766675 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.752888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Effector and regulatory functions of various leukocytes in allergic diseases have been well reported. Although the role of conventional natural killer (NK) cells has been established, information on its regulatory phenotype and function are very limited. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the phenotype and inhibitory functions of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-producing regulatory NK (NKreg) subset in mice with MC903-induced atopic dermatitis (AD). Interestingly, the population of TGF-β-producing NK cells in peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) was decreased in AD patients than in healthy subjects. The number of TGF-β+ NK subsets was decreased in the spleen or cervical lymph node (cLN), but increased in ear tissues of mice with AD induced by MC903 than those of normal mice. We further observed that TGF-β+ NK subsets were largely included in CD1dhiPD-L1hiCD27+ NK cell subset. We also found that numbers of ILC2s and TH2 cells were significantly decreased by adoptive transfer of CD1dhiPD-L1hiCD27+ NK subsets. Notably, the ratio of splenic Treg per TH2 was increased by the adoptive transfer of CD1dhiPD-L1hiCD27+ NK cells in mice. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the TGF-β-producing CD1dhiPD-L1hiCD27+ NK subset has a previously unrecognized role in suppressing TH2 immunity and ILC2 activation in AD mice, suggesting that the function of TGF-β-producing NK subset is closely associated with the severity of AD in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Young Min
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Jimo Koo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Geunwoong Noh
- Department of Allergy, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Center Cheju Halla General Hospital, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Dajeong Lee
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Min Geun Jo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Ji Eon Lee
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Minseong Kang
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Seung Yeun Hyun
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Wahn Soo Choi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Hyuk Soon Kim
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan, South Korea
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Das A, Harly C, Ding Y, Bhandoola A. ILC Differentiation from Progenitors in the Bone Marrow. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1365:7-24. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8387-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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10
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Dannhauser D, Rossi D, Palatucci AT, Rubino V, Carriero F, Ruggiero G, Ripaldi M, Toriello M, Maisto G, Netti PA, Terrazzano G, Causa F. Non-invasive and label-free identification of human natural killer cell subclasses by biophysical single-cell features in microfluidic flow. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:4144-4154. [PMID: 34515262 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00651g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are indicated as favorite candidates for innovative therapeutic treatment and are divided into two subclasses: immature regulatory NK CD56bright and mature cytotoxic NK CD56dim. Therefore, the ability to discriminate CD56dim from CD56bright could be very useful because of their higher cytotoxicity. Nowadays, NK cell classification is routinely performed by cytometric analysis based on surface receptor expression. Here, we present an in-flow, label-free and non-invasive biophysical analysis of NK cells through a combination of light scattering and machine learning (ML) for NK cell subclass classification. In this respect, to identify relevant biophysical cell features, we stimulated NK cells with interleukine-15 inducing a subclass transition from CD56bright to CD56dim. We trained our ML algorithm with sorted NK cell subclasses (≥86% accuracy). Next, we applied our NK cell classification algorithm to cells stimulated over time, to investigate the transition of CD56bright to CD56dim and their biophysical feature changes. Finally, we tested our approach on several proband samples, highlighting the potential of our measurement approach. We show a label-free way for the robust identification of NK cell subclasses based on biophysical features, which can be applied in both cell biology and cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Dannhauser
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB) and Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy.
| | - Domenico Rossi
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Teresa Palatucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze (DiS), Università della Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Valentina Rubino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Flavia Carriero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Ruggiero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Mimmo Ripaldi
- Dipartimento Oncologia AORN Santobono Pausilipon Hospital, Via Posillipo, 226, 80123, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Toriello
- Dipartimento Oncologia AORN Santobono Pausilipon Hospital, Via Posillipo, 226, 80123, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Maisto
- Dipartimento Oncologia AORN Santobono Pausilipon Hospital, Via Posillipo, 226, 80123, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB) and Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy.
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Terrazzano
- Dipartimento di Scienze (DiS), Università della Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Filippo Causa
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB) and Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Naples, Italy.
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11
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Mikelez-Alonso I, Magadán S, González-Fernández Á, Borrego F. Natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapies and the many faces of NK cell memory: A look into how nanoparticles enhance NK cell activity. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113860. [PMID: 34237404 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes able to exert potent antitumor and antiviral functions by different means. Besides their classification as innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), NK cells exhibit memory-like and memory responses after cytokine preactivation, viral infections and hapten exposure. Multiple NK cell-based immunotherapies have been developed and are currently being tested, including the possibility to translate the NK cell memory responses into the clinic. Nevertheless, still there is a need to improve these therapies, especially for the treatment of solid tumors, and nanotechnology represents an attractive option to increase NK cell effector functions against transformed cells. In this article, we review the basis of NK cell activity, the diversity of the NK cell memory responses and the current NK cell-based immunotherapies that are being used in the clinic. Furthermore, we take a look into nanotechnology-based strategies targeting NK cells to modulate their responses for effective immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idoia Mikelez-Alonso
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Immunopathology Group, Barakaldo, Spain; Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Donostia - San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Susana Magadán
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Immunology Group, Vigo, Spain; Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS-GS), Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
| | - África González-Fernández
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Immunology Group, Vigo, Spain; Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS-GS), Hospital Alvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
| | - Francisco Borrego
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Immunopathology Group, Barakaldo, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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12
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Xu Y, Zhang J, Hu Y, Li X, Sun L, Peng Y, Sun Y, Liu B, Bian Z, Rong Z. Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals the dynamics of human immune cells during early fetal skin development. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109524. [PMID: 34380039 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system of skin develops in stages in mice. However, the developmental dynamics of immune cells in human skin remains elusive. Here, we perform transcriptome profiling of CD45+ hematopoietic cells in human fetal skin at an estimated gestational age of 10-17 weeks by single-cell RNA sequencing. A total of 13 immune cell types are identified. Skin macrophages show dynamic heterogeneity over the course of skin development. A major shift in lymphoid cell developmental states occurs from the first to the second trimester that implies an in situ differentiation process. Gene expression analysis reveals a typical developmental program in immune cells in accordance with their functional maturation, possibly involving metabolic reprogramming. Finally, we identify transcription factors (TFs) that potentially regulate cellular transitions by comparing TFs and TF target gene networks. These findings provide detailed insight into how the immune system of the human skin is established during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Xu
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Yongfei Hu
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Xuefei Li
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Lihua Sun
- Development of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 528200, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Yuzhe Sun
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Zhilei Bian
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Zhili Rong
- Experimental Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510091, China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou 510005, China.
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13
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Antigenic sites in SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD show molecular similarity with pathogenic antigenic determinants and harbors peptides for vaccine development. Immunobiology 2021; 226:152091. [PMID: 34303920 PMCID: PMC8297981 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The spike protein of coronavirus is key target for drug development and other pharmacological interventions. In current study, we performed an integrative approach to predict antigenic sites in SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain and found nine potential antigenic sites. The predicted antigenic sites were then assessed for possible molecular similarity with other known antigens in different organisms. Out of nine sites, seven sites showed molecular similarity with 54 antigenic determinants found in twelve pathogenic bacterial species (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, Bacillus anthracis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium tetani, Helicobacter Pylori, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio cholera and Yersinia pestis), two malarial parasites (Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium knowlesi) and influenza virus A. Most of the bacterial antigens that displayed molecular similarity with antigenic sites in SARS-CoV-2 RBD (receptor binding domain) were toxins and virulent factors. Antigens from Mycobacterium that showed similarity were mainly involved in modulating host cell immune response and ensuring persistence and survival of pathogen in host cells. Presence of a large number of antigenic determinants, similar to those in highly pathogenic microorganisms, not merely accounts for complex etiology of the disease but also provides an explanation for observed pathophysiological complications, such as deregulated immune response, unleashed or dysregulated cytokine secretion (cytokine storm), multiple organ failure etc., that are more evident in aged and immune-compromised patients. Over-representation of antigenic determinants from Plasmodium and Mycobacterium in all antigenic sites suggests that anti-malarial and anti-TB drugs can prove to be clinical beneficial for COVID-19 treatment. Besides this, anti-leprosy, anti-lyme, anti-plague, anti-anthrax drugs/vaccine etc. are also expected to be beneficial in COVID-19 treatment. Moreover, individuals previously immunized/vaccinated or had previous history of malaria, tuberculosis or other disease caused by fifteen microorganisms are expected to display a considerable degree of resistance against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Out of the seven antigenic sites predicted in SARS-CoV-2, a part of two antigenic sites were also predicted as potent T-cell epitopes (KVGGNYNYL444-452 and SVLYNSASF366-374) against MHC class I and three (KRISNCVADYSVLYN356-370, DLCFTNVYADSFVI389-402, and YRVVVLSFELLHA508-520) against MHC class II. All epitopes possessed significantly lower predicted IC50 value which is a prerequisite for a preferred vaccine candidate for COVID-19.
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14
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Deng Z, Zhen J, Harrison GF, Zhang G, Chen R, Sun G, Yu Q, Nemat-Gorgani N, Guethlein LA, He L, Tang M, Gao X, Cai S, Palmer WH, Shortt JA, Gignoux CR, Carrington M, Zou H, Parham P, Hong W, Norman PJ. Adaptive Admixture of HLA Class I Allotypes Enhanced Genetically Determined Strength of Natural Killer Cells in East Asians. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:2582-2596. [PMID: 33616658 PMCID: PMC8136484 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human natural killer (NK) cells are essential for controlling infection, cancer, and fetal development. NK cell functions are modulated by interactions between polymorphic inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and polymorphic HLA-A, -B, and -C ligands expressed on tissue cells. All HLA-C alleles encode a KIR ligand and contribute to reproduction and immunity. In contrast, only some HLA-A and -B alleles encode KIR ligands and they focus on immunity. By high-resolution analysis of KIR and HLA-A, -B, and -C genes, we show that the Chinese Southern Han (CHS) are significantly enriched for interactions between inhibitory KIR and HLA-A and -B. This enrichment has had substantial input through population admixture with neighboring populations, who contributed HLA class I haplotypes expressing the KIR ligands B*46:01 and B*58:01, which subsequently rose to high frequency by natural selection. Consequently, over 80% of Southern Han HLA haplotypes encode more than one KIR ligand. Complementing the high number of KIR ligands, the CHS KIR locus combines a high frequency of genes expressing potent inhibitory KIR, with a low frequency of those expressing activating KIR. The Southern Han centromeric KIR region encodes strong, conserved, inhibitory HLA-C-specific receptors, and the telomeric region provides a high number and diversity of inhibitory HLA-A and -B-specific receptors. In all these characteristics, the CHS represent other East Asians, whose NK cell repertoires are thus enhanced in quantity, diversity, and effector strength, likely augmenting resistance to endemic viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Deng
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jianxin Zhen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Baoan Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Genelle F Harrison
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Guobin Zhang
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ge Sun
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Yu
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Neda Nemat-Gorgani
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lisbeth A Guethlein
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Liumei He
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhong Tang
- Clinical Laboratory, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojiang Gao
- Inflammatory Cell Dynamics Section, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Siqi Cai
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - William H Palmer
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jonathan A Shortt
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Christopher R Gignoux
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mary Carrington
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (FNLCR), Frederick, MD21702, and Ragon Institute of MGH, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hongyan Zou
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Peter Parham
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Wenxu Hong
- Shenzhen Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Shenzhen Blood Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Paul J Norman
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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15
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Gang M, Wong P, Berrien-Elliott MM, Fehniger TA. Memory-like natural killer cells for cancer immunotherapy. Semin Hematol 2020; 57:185-193. [PMID: 33256911 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic innate lymphoid cells that protect the host from infection and mediate anti-tumor responses. Classically considered part of the innate immune system, NK cells were previously thought to not possess the specificity or enhanced recall responses associated with adaptive T and B lymphocytes. However, a large body of work has transformed these long-held divisions between innate and adaptive immunity; NK cell memory and memory-like responses are clearly established after hapten exposure, viral infection, and combined cytokine activation. These advances come with opportunities to translate innate NK cell recall responses into the clinic as cancer immunotherapy. Here, we review our current understanding of the heterogeneity of memory and memory-like NK cell responses, with distinct formation, molecular biology, and memory type functions. We elaborate on cytokine-induced memory-like NK cells and highlight their application as adoptive immunotherapy for cancer, and as a platform for engineering optimal NK cell anti-tumor responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margery Gang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Pamela Wong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Melissa M Berrien-Elliott
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Todd A Fehniger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
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16
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Coxiella burnetii-Infected NK Cells Release Infectious Bacteria by Degranulation. Infect Immun 2020; 88:IAI.00172-20. [PMID: 32817330 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00172-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are critically involved in the early immune response against various intracellular pathogens, including Coxiella burnetii and Chlamydia psittaci Chlamydia-infected NK cells functionally mature, induce cellular immunity, and protect themselves by killing the bacteria in secreted granules. Here, we report that infected NK cells do not allow intracellular multiday growth of Coxiella, as is usually observed in other host cell types. C. burnetii-infected NK cells display maturation and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) secretion, as well as the release of Coxiella-containing lytic granules. Thus, NK cells possess a potent program to restrain and expel different types of invading bacteria via degranulation. Strikingly, though, in contrast to Chlamydia, expulsed Coxiella organisms largely retain their infectivity and, hence, escape the cell-autonomous self-defense mechanism in NK cells.
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Rps27a might act as a controller of microglia activation in triggering neurodegenerative diseases. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239219. [PMID: 32941527 PMCID: PMC7498011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are increasing serious menaces to human health in the recent years. Despite exhibiting different clinical phenotypes and selective neuronal loss, there are certain common features in these disorders, suggesting the presence of commonly dysregulated pathways. Identifying causal genes and dysregulated pathways can be helpful in providing effective treatment in these diseases. Interestingly, in spite of the considerable researches on NDDs, to the best of our knowledge, no dysregulated genes and/or pathways were reported in common across all the major NDDs so far. In this study, for the first time, we have applied the three-way interaction model, as an approach to unravel sophisticated gene interactions, to trace switch genes and significant pathways that are involved in six major NDDs. Subsequently, a gene regulatory network was constructed to investigate the regulatory communication of statistically significant triplets. Finally, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was applied to find possible common pathways. Because of the central role of neuroinflammation and immune system responses in both pathogenic and protective mechanisms in the NDDs, we focused on immune genes in this study. Our results suggest that "cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction" pathway is enriched in all of the studied NDDs, while "osteoclast differentiation" and "natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" pathways are enriched in five of the NDDs each. The results of this study indicate that three pathways that include "osteoclast differentiation", "natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" and "cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction" are common in five, five and six NDDs, respectively. Additionally, our analysis showed that Rps27a as a switch gene, together with the gene pair {Il-18, Cx3cl1} form a statistically significant and biologically relevant triplet in the major NDDs. More specifically, we suggested that Cx3cl1 might act as a potential upstream regulator of Il-18 in microglia activation, and in turn, might be controlled with Rps27a in triggering NDDs.
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18
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Anderson KM, Augusto DG, Dandekar R, Shams H, Zhao C, Yusufali T, Montero-Martín G, Marin WM, Nemat-Gorgani N, Creary LE, Caillier S, Mofrad MRK, Parham P, Fernández-Viña M, Oksenberg JR, Norman PJ, Hollenbach JA. Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Variants Are Associated with Protection from Symptoms Associated with More Severe Course in Parkinson Disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:1323-1330. [PMID: 32709660 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immune dysfunction plays a role in the development of Parkinson disease (PD). NK cells regulate immune functions and are modulated by killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). KIR are expressed on the surface of NK cells and interact with HLA class I ligands on the surface of all nucleated cells. We investigated KIR-allelic polymorphism to interrogate the role of NK cells in PD. We sequenced KIR genes from 1314 PD patients and 1978 controls using next-generation methods and identified KIR genotypes using custom bioinformatics. We examined associations of KIR with PD susceptibility and disease features, including age at disease onset and clinical symptoms. We identified two KIR3DL1 alleles encoding highly expressed inhibitory receptors associated with protection from PD clinical features in the presence of their cognate ligand: KIR3DL1*015/HLA-Bw4 from rigidity (p c = 0.02, odds ratio [OR] = 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23-0.69) and KIR3DL1*002/HLA-Bw4i from gait difficulties (p c = 0.05, OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.44-0.88), as well as composite symptoms associated with more severe disease. We also developed a KIR3DL1/HLA interaction strength metric and found that weak KIR3DL1/HLA interactions were associated with rigidity (pc = 0.05, OR = 9.73, 95% CI 2.13-172.5). Highly expressed KIR3DL1 variants protect against more debilitating symptoms of PD, strongly implying a role of NK cells in PD progression and manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M Anderson
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Danillo G Augusto
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Ravi Dandekar
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Hengameh Shams
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Tasneem Yusufali
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | | | - Wesley M Marin
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Neda Nemat-Gorgani
- Department of Structural Biology and Immunology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305
| | - Lisa E Creary
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Stacy Caillier
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Mohammad R K Mofrad
- Molecular Cell Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; and
| | - Peter Parham
- Department of Structural Biology and Immunology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305
| | | | - Jorge R Oksenberg
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Paul J Norman
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Jill A Hollenbach
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158;
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19
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Gangadaran P, Rajendran RL, Ahn BC. Application of In Vivo Imaging Techniques for Monitoring Natural Killer Cell Migration and Tumor Infiltration. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051318. [PMID: 32455886 PMCID: PMC7281416 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the use of natural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy has shown promise against various cancer types. To some extent therapeutic potential of NK cell-based immunotherapy depends on migration of NK cells towards tumors in animal models or human subjects and subsequent infiltration. Constant improvement in the pharmacological and therapeutic properties of NK cells is driving the performance and use of NK cell-based immunotherapies. In this review, we summarize the molecular imaging techniques used in monitoring the migration and infiltration of NK cells in vivo at preclinical and clinical levels. A review of pros and cons of each molecular imaging modality is done. Finally, we provide our perception of the usefulness of molecular imaging approaches for in vivo monitoring of NK cells in preclinical and clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Gangadaran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (P.G.); (R.L.R.)
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Ramya Lakshmi Rajendran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (P.G.); (R.L.R.)
| | - Byeong-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (P.G.); (R.L.R.)
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Natural Killer Cells Integrate Signals Received from Tumour Interactions and IL2 to Induce Robust and Prolonged Anti-Tumour and Metabolic Responses. IMMUNOMETABOLISM 2019; 1:e190014. [PMID: 31595191 PMCID: PMC6783304 DOI: 10.20900/immunometab20190014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes with an important role in anti-tumour responses. NK cells bridge the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system; they are primed for immediate anti-tumour function but can also have prolonged actions alongside the adaptive T cell response. However, the key signals and cellular processes that are required for extended NK cell responses are not fully known. Herein we show that murine NK cell interaction with tumour cells induces the expression of CD25, the high affinity IL2 receptor, rendering these NK cells highly sensitive to the T cell-derived cytokine IL2. In response to IL2, CD25high NK cells show robust increases in metabolic signalling pathways (mTORC1, cMyc), nutrient transporter expression (CD71, CD98), cellular growth and in NK cell effector functions (IFNγ, granzyme B). Specific ligation of an individual activating NK cell receptor, NK1.1, showed similar increases in CD25 expression and IL2-induced responses. NK cell receptor ligation and IL2 collaborate to induce mTORC1/cMyc signalling leading to high rates of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and prolonged NK cell survival. Disrupting mTORC1 and cMyc signalling in CD25high tumour interacting NK cells prevents IL2-induced cell growth and function and compromises NK cell viability. This study reveals that tumour cell interactions and T cell-derived IL2 cooperate to promote robust and prolonged NK cell anti-tumour metabolic responses.
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21
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Kathamuthu GR, Kumar NP, Moideen K, Sridhar R, Baskaran D, Babu S. Diminished type 1 and type 17 cytokine expressing - Natural killer cell frequencies in tuberculous lymphadenitis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2019; 118:101856. [PMID: 31430696 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2019.101856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) is associated with the expansion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing Type 1 and Type 17 cytokines in the peripheral blood. However, the expression pattern of cytokine producing natural killer (NK) cells in both the peripheral blood and affected lymph nodes i.e. site of infection in TBL have not been examined. Hence, we have analyzed the baseline and mycobacterial antigen specific NK cell cytokine frequencies in whole blood of TBL and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) individuals. We have also examined the NK cell frequencies before and after treatment completion and in peripheral blood versus affected lymph nodes (LN) of TBL individuals. TBL is characterized by diminished frequencies of NK cells expressing Type 1 (IFNγ, TNFα), Type 17 (IL-17F) cytokines compared to PTB individuals upon antigen-specific stimulation. In contrast, TBL individuals did not exhibit any significant differences in the frequencies of NK cells expressing Type 1 and Type 17 cytokines upon completion of anti-tuberculosis treatment. LN of TBL is associated with altered frequencies of NK cells expressing Type 17 (increased IL-17F and decreased IL-22) cytokines when compared to peripheral blood. Thus, we conclude that TBL individuals are characterized by diminished frequencies of NK cells expressing Type 1/Type 17 cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Raj Kathamuthu
- National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India; National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chennai, India.
| | - Nathella Pavan Kumar
- National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
| | - Kadar Moideen
- National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India
| | | | - Dhanaraj Baskaran
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT), Chennai, India
| | - Subash Babu
- National Institutes of Health-NIRT-International Center for Excellence in Research, Chennai, India; Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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22
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NK Cell-Mediated Processing Of Chlamydia psittaci Drives Potent Anti-Bacterial Th1 Immunity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4799. [PMID: 30886314 PMCID: PMC6423132 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41264-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells critically involved in the early immune response against various pathogens including chlamydia. Here, we demonstrate that chlamydia-infected NK cells prevent the intracellular establishment and growth of the bacteria. Upon infection, they display functional maturation characterized by enhanced IFN-γ secretion, CD146 induction, PKCϴ activation, and granule secretion. Eventually, chlamydia are released in a non-infectious, highly immunogenic form driving a potent Th1 immune response. Further, anti-chlamydial antibodies generated during immunization neutralize the infection of epithelial cells. The release of chlamydia from NK cells requires PKCϴ function and active degranulation, while granule-associated granzyme B drives the loss of chlamydial infectivity. Cellular infection and bacterial release can be undergone repeatedly and do not affect NK cell function. Strikingly, NK cells passing through such an infection cycle significantly improve their cytotoxicity. Thus, NK cells not only protect themselves against productive chlamydial infections but also actively trigger potent anti-bacterial responses.
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23
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Natarajan K, Jiang J, May NA, Mage MG, Boyd LF, McShan AC, Sgourakis NG, Bax A, Margulies DH. The Role of Molecular Flexibility in Antigen Presentation and T Cell Receptor-Mediated Signaling. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1657. [PMID: 30065727 PMCID: PMC6056622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen presentation is a cellular process that involves a number of steps, beginning with the production of peptides by proteolysis or aberrant synthesis and the delivery of peptides to cellular compartments where they are loaded on MHC class I (MHC-I) or MHC class II (MHC-II) molecules. The selective loading and editing of high-affinity immunodominant antigens is orchestrated by molecular chaperones: tapasin/TAP-binding protein, related for MHC-I and HLA-DM for MHC-II. Once peptide/MHC (pMHC) complexes are assembled, following various steps of quality control, they are delivered to the cell surface, where they are available for identification by αβ receptors on CD8+ or CD4+ T lymphocytes. In addition, recognition of cell surface peptide/MHC-I complexes by natural killer cell receptors plays a regulatory role in some aspects of the innate immune response. Many of the components of the pathways of antigen processing and presentation and of T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated signaling have been studied extensively by biochemical, genetic, immunological, and structural approaches over the past several decades. Until recently, however, dynamic aspects of the interactions of peptide with MHC, MHC with molecular chaperones, or of pMHC with TCR have been difficult to address experimentally, although computational approaches such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been illuminating. Studies exploiting X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy, and multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy are beginning to reveal the importance of molecular flexibility as it pertains to peptide loading onto MHC molecules, the interactions between pMHC and TCR, and subsequent TCR-mediated signals. In addition, recent structural and dynamic insights into how molecular chaperones define peptide selection and fine-tune the MHC displayed antigen repertoire are discussed. Here, we offer a review of current knowledge that highlights experimental data obtained by X-ray crystallography and multidimensional NMR methodologies. Collectively, these findings strongly support a multifaceted role for protein plasticity and conformational dynamics throughout the antigen processing and presentation pathway in dictating antigen selection and recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Natarajan
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jiansheng Jiang
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nathan A May
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michael G Mage
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lisa F Boyd
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew C McShan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Nikolaos G Sgourakis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
| | - Ad Bax
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David H Margulies
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Gianchecchi E, Delfino DV, Fierabracci A. NK cells in autoimmune diseases: Linking innate and adaptive immune responses. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17:142-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Lin JX, Du N, Li P, Kazemian M, Gebregiorgis T, Spolski R, Leonard WJ. Critical functions for STAT5 tetramers in the maturation and survival of natural killer cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1320. [PMID: 29105654 PMCID: PMC5673064 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is essential for the development and maintenance of natural killer (NK) cells. IL-15 activates STAT5 proteins, which can form dimers or tetramers. We previously found that NK cell numbers are decreased in Stat5a-Stat5b tetramer-deficient double knockin (DKI) mice, but the mechanism was not investigated. Here we show that STAT5 dimers are sufficient for NK cell development, whereas STAT5 tetramers mediate NK cell maturation and the expression of maturation-associated genes. Unlike the defective proliferation of Stat5 DKI CD8+ T cells, Stat5 DKI NK cells have normal proliferation to IL-15 but are susceptible to death upon cytokine withdrawal, with lower Bcl2 and increased active caspases. These findings underscore the importance of STAT5 tetramers in maintaining NK cell homoeostasis. Moreover, defective STAT5 tetramer formation could represent a cause of NK cell immunodeficiency, and interrupting STAT5 tetramer formation might serve to control NK leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1674, USA.
| | - Ning Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1674, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1674, USA
| | - Majid Kazemian
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1674, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47906, USA
| | - Tesfay Gebregiorgis
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1674, USA
| | - Rosanne Spolski
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1674, USA
| | - Warren J Leonard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1674, USA.
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26
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Silva AL, Peres C, Conniot J, Matos AI, Moura L, Carreira B, Sainz V, Scomparin A, Satchi-Fainaro R, Préat V, Florindo HF. Nanoparticle impact on innate immune cell pattern-recognition receptors and inflammasomes activation. Semin Immunol 2017; 34:3-24. [PMID: 28941640 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based strategies can dramatically impact the treatment, prevention and diagnosis of a wide range of diseases. Despite the unprecedented success achieved with the use of nanomaterials to address unmet biomedical needs and their particular suitability for the effective application of a personalized medicine, the clinical translation of those nanoparticulate systems has still been impaired by the limited understanding on their interaction with complex biological systems. As a result, unexpected effects due to unpredicted interactions at biomaterial and biological interfaces have been underlying the biosafety concerns raised by the use of nanomaterials. This review explores the current knowledge on how nanoparticle (NP) physicochemical and surface properties determine their interactions with innate immune cells, with particular attention on the activation of pattern-recognition receptors and inflammasome. A critical perspective will additionally address the impact of biological systems on the effect of NP on immune cell activity at the molecular level. We will discuss how the understanding of the NP-innate immune cell interactions can significantly add into the clinical translation by guiding the design of nanomedicines with particular effect on targeted cells, thus improving their clinical efficacy while minimizing undesired but predictable toxicological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luísa Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carina Peres
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - João Conniot
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana I Matos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Liane Moura
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Carreira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Sainz
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anna Scomparin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel and dSagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel and dSagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Véronique Préat
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Helena F Florindo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal.
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27
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Bláha J, Kalousková B, Skořepa O, Pažický S, Novák P, Vaněk O. High-level expression and purification of soluble form of human natural killer cell receptor NKR-P1 in HEK293S GnTI - cells. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 140:36-43. [PMID: 28757467 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Human natural killer receptor protein 1 (NKR-P1, CD161, gene klrb1) is a C-type lectin-like receptor of natural killer (NK) cells responsible for recognition of its cognate protein ligand lectin-like transcript 1 (LLT1). NKR-P1 is the single human orthologue of the prototypical rodent NKR-P1 receptors. Naturally, human NKR-P1 is expressed on the surface of NK cells, where it serves as inhibitory receptor; and on T and NKT cells functioning as co-stimulatory receptor promoting secretion of IFNγ. Most notably, it is expressed on Th17 and Tc17 lymphocytes where presumably promotes targeting into LLT1 expressing immunologically privileged niches. We tested effect of different protein tags (SUMO, TRX, GST, MsyB) on expression of soluble NKR-P1 in E. coli. Then we optimized the expression construct of soluble NKR-P1 by preparing a library of expression constructs in pOPING vector containing the extracellular lectin-like domain with different length of the putative N-terminal stalk region and tested its expression in Sf9 and HEK293 cells. Finally, a high-level expression of soluble NKR-P1 was achieved by stable expression in suspension-adapted HEK293S GnTI- cells utilizing pOPINGTTneo expression vector. Purified soluble NKR-P1 is homogeneous, deglycosylatable, crystallizable and monomeric in solution, as shown by size-exclusion chromatography, multi-angle light scattering and analytical ultracentrifugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bláha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 12840 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Kalousková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 12840 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Skořepa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 12840 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Samuel Pažický
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 12840 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Novák
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 12840 Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Průmyslová 595, 25250 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Vaněk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030/8, 12840 Prague, Czech Republic.
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28
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Benigni G, Dimitrova P, Antonangeli F, Sanseviero E, Milanova V, Blom A, van Lent P, Morrone S, Santoni A, Bernardini G. CXCR3/CXCL10 Axis Regulates Neutrophil-NK Cell Cross-Talk Determining the Severity of Experimental Osteoarthritis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:2115-2124. [PMID: 28108560 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Several immune cell populations are involved in cartilage damage, bone erosion, and resorption processes during osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of NK cells in the pathogenesis of experimental osteoarthritis and whether and how neutrophils can regulate their synovial localization in the disease. Experimental osteoarthritis was elicited by intra-articular injection of collagenase in wild type and Cxcr3-/- 8-wk old mice. To follow osteoarthritis progression, cartilage damage, synovial thickening, and osteophyte formation were measured histologically. To characterize the inflammatory cells involved in osteoarthritis, synovial fluid was collected early after disease induction, and the cellular and cytokine content were quantified by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. We found that NK cells and neutrophils are among the first cells that accumulate in the synovium during osteoarthritis, both exerting a pathogenic role. Moreover, we uncovered a crucial role of the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis, with CXCL10 increasing in synovial fluids after injury and Cxcr3-/- mice being protected from disease development. Finally, in vivo depletion experiments showed that neutrophils are involved in an NK cell increase in the synovium, possibly by expressing CXCL10 in inflamed joints. Thus, neutrophils and NK cells act as important disease-promoting immune cells in experimental osteoarthritis and their functional interaction is promoted by the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Benigni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Petya Dimitrova
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Fabrizio Antonangeli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Sanseviero
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Viktoriya Milanova
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Arjen Blom
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 86525, the Netherlands
| | - Peter van Lent
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 86525, the Netherlands
| | - Stefania Morrone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Immunopathology Institute Pasteur Italy-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; and .,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, 86077 Isernia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, 86077 Isernia, Italy
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29
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Yan W, Song Y, Zhou L, Jiang J, Yang F, Duan Q, Che L, Shen Y, Song H, Wang L. Immune Cell Repertoire and Their Mediators in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction or Stable Angina Pectoris. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:181-190. [PMID: 28260995 PMCID: PMC5332848 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.17119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the natural innate and adaptive immunity through gene expression and cytology levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stable angina pectoris (SAP) and controls. Methods: 210 patients with AMI, 210 with SAP, and 250 clinical controls were recruited. Whole human genome microarray analysis was performed in 20 randomly chosen subjects per group were examined to detect the expressions of complement markers, natural killer cells, T cells and B cells. The quantity of these cells and related cytokines as well as immunoglobulin levels were measured in all subjects. Results: In AMI group, the mRNA expressions of late complement component, markers of natural killer cells, CD3+, CD8+ T cells and B cells were down-regulated, while those of early complement component and CD4+T cells were up-regulated (p<0.05). In both AMI and SAP patients, the quantity of natural killer cells, CD3+, CD8+ T cells, B cells, IgM and IgG were significantly lower than those of the controls. CD4+ T cells, CH50, C3, C4, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IFN-γ were significantly higher (p<0.05). Conclusions: In AMI patients, both of gene expressions related to complement, natural killer cells, CD3+, CD8+ T cells, B cells and the quantity of these immune cells decreased while cell number reduced in SAP patients. Immune function in both AMI and SAP patients decreased especially in AMI patients with declined gene and protein levels. To improve the immune system is a potential target for medical interventions and prevention in AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yanli Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Jinfa Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Experimental Diagnosis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Qianglin Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Lin Che
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yuqin Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Haoming Song
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Lemin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
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30
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Wałajtys-Rode E, Dzik JM. Monocyte/Macrophage: NK Cell Cooperation-Old Tools for New Functions. Results Probl Cell Differ 2017; 62:73-145. [PMID: 28455707 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54090-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Monocyte/macrophage and natural killer (NK) cells are partners from a phylogenetic standpoint of innate immune system development and its evolutionary progressive interaction with adaptive immunity. The equally conservative ways of development and differentiation of both invertebrate hemocytes and vertebrate macrophages are reviewed. Evolutionary conserved molecules occurring in macrophage receptors and effectors have been inherited by vertebrates after their common ancestor with invertebrates. Cytolytic functions of mammalian NK cells, which are rooted in immune cells of invertebrates, although certain NK cell receptors (NKRs) are mammalian new events, are characterized. Broad heterogeneity of macrophage and NK cell phenotypes that depends on surrounding microenvironment conditions and expression profiles of specific receptors and activation mechanisms of both cell types are discussed. The particular tissue specificity of macrophages and NK cells, as well as their plasticity and mechanisms of their polarization to different functional subtypes have been underlined. The chapter summarized studies revealing the specific molecular mechanisms and regulation of NK cells and macrophages that enable their highly specific cross-cooperation. Attention is given to the evolving role of human monocyte/macrophage and NK cell interaction in pathogenesis of hypersensitivity reaction-based disorders, including autoimmunity, as well as in cancer surveillance and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Wałajtys-Rode
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Drug Technology and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3 Str, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jolanta M Dzik
- Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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31
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Tripathi D, Venkatasubramanian S, Cheekatla SS, Paidipally P, Welch E, Tvinnereim AR, Vankayalapati R. A TLR9 agonist promotes IL-22-dependent pancreatic islet allograft survival in type 1 diabetic mice. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13896. [PMID: 27982034 PMCID: PMC5171644 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation is a promising potential cure for type 1 diabetes (T1D). Islet allografts can survive long term in the liver parenchyma. Here we show that liver NK1.1+ cells induce allograft tolerance in a T1D mouse model. The tolerogenic effects of NK1.1+ cells are mediated through IL-22 production, which enhances allograft survival and increases insulin secretion. Increased expression of NKG2A by liver NK1.1+ cells in islet allograft-transplanted mice is involved in the production of IL-22 and in the reduced inflammatory response to allografts. Vaccination of T1D mice with a CpG oligonucleotide TLR9 agonist (ODN 1585) enhances expansion of IL-22-producing CD3-NK1.1+ cells in the liver and prolongs allograft survival. Our study identifies a role for liver NK1.1+ cells, IL-22 and CpG oligonucleotides in the induction of tolerance to islet allografts in the liver parenchyma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Tripathi
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75708, USA
| | - Sambasivan Venkatasubramanian
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75708, USA
| | - Satyanarayana S. Cheekatla
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75708, USA
| | - Padmaja Paidipally
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75708, USA
| | - Elwyn Welch
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75708, USA
| | - Amy R. Tvinnereim
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75708, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Vankayalapati
- Department of Pulmonary Immunology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75708, USA
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Fuchinoue K, Fukui A, Chiba H, Kamoi M, Funamizu A, Taima A, Fukuhara R, Mizunuma H. Expression of retinoid-related orphan receptor (ROR)γt on NK22 cells in the peripheral blood and uterine endometrium of women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss and unexplained infertility. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2016; 42:1541-1552. [PMID: 27374797 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIM Recently, NK22 cells, a subset of interleukin (IL)-22-producing natural killer (NK) cells, were identified. We have previously reported the higher percentage of NK22 cells in women suffering recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Moreover, we have also reported lower expression of NKp46, a kind of natural cytotoxicity receptor (NCR), on NK cells and the changes of NK cell producing cytokines in women who experience RPL. NK22 cells express NCRs, such as NKp44 or NKp46. Retinoid-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) is known as a regulator of NK22 cells; however, in NK22 cells of peripheral blood (PB) and the uterine endometrium (UE), the relationship between NCRs and RORγt is unclear. We investigate RORγt expression NK22 cells in the PB and UE of women with unexplained infertility (uI) or unexplained RPL (uRPL). METHODS Lymphocytes were extracted from PB and UE, derived from women with uI or uRPL. Expression of RORγt and NCRs in NK cells and NK cell-produced cytokines were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS CD56+ /NKp46+ /RORγt+ cells were positively correlated with CD56+ /IL-22+ cells in both PB and UE. CD56bright /NKp46bright /RORγt+ cells were significantly higher in uRPL than in uI, and endometrial CD56bright /NKp46bright /RORγt+ cells were positively correlated with PB. In UE, CD56bright /RORγt+ cells were negatively correlated with CD56bright /interferon-γ+ and CD56bright /tumor necrosis factor-α+ cells of uRPL. CONCLUSION RORγt may be associated with NK22 cells in reproduction. Particularly, higher expression of RORγt may be associated with elevated NK22 cells in uRPL.
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MESH Headings
- Abortion, Habitual/blood
- Abortion, Habitual/metabolism
- Adult
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Endometrium/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Infertility, Female/blood
- Infertility, Female/metabolism
- Interleukins/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/blood
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Receptors, Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering/metabolism
- Interleukin-22
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Fuchinoue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fukui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Chiba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Mai Kamoi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Ayano Funamizu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Ayako Taima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Rie Fukuhara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Hideki Mizunuma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
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Mian F, Kandiah N, Chew M, Ashkar A, Bienenstock J, Forsythe P, Karimi K. A probiotic provides protection against acute salmonellosis in mice: Possible role of innate lymphid NKP46+ cells. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Fu X, Yu S, Yang B, Lao S, Li B, Wu C. Memory-Like Antigen-Specific Human NK Cells from TB Pleural Fluids Produced IL-22 in Response to IL-15 or Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigens. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151721. [PMID: 27031950 PMCID: PMC4816314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous result indicated that memory-like human natural killer (NK) cells from TB pleural fluid cells (PFCs) produced large amounts of IFN-γ in response to Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG). Furthermore, recent studies have shown that human lymphoid tissues harbored a unique NK cell subset that specialized in production of interleukin (IL)-22, a proinflammatory cytokine that mediates host defense against pathogens. Yet little information was available with regard to the properties of IL-22 production by memory-like human NK cells. In the present study, we found that cytokines IL-15 induced and IL-12 enhanced the levels of IL-22 by NK cells from TB PFCs. In addition, IL-22 but not IL-17 was produced by NK cells from PFCs in response to BCG and M.tb-related Ags. More importantly, the subset of specific IL-22-producing NK cells were distinct from IFN-γ-producing NK cells in PFCs. CD45RO+ or CD45RO- NK cells were sorted, co-cultured with autologous monocytes and stimulated with BCG for the production of IL-22. The result demonstrated that CD45RO+ but not CD45RO- NK cells produced significantly higher level of IL-22. Anti-IL-12Rβ1 mAbs (2B10) partially inhibit the expression of IL-22 by NK cells under the culture with BCG. Consistently, BCG specific IL-22-producing NK cells from PFCs expressed CD45ROhighNKG2Dhighgranzyme Bhigh. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that memory-like antigen-specific CD45RO+ NK cells might participate in the recall immune response for M. tb infection via producing IL-22, which display a critical role to fight against M. tb.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
- Antigens, Bacterial/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Immunologic Memory/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-12/immunology
- Interleukin-12/pharmacology
- Interleukin-15/immunology
- Interleukin-15/pharmacology
- Interleukins/immunology
- Interleukins/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Leukocyte Common Antigens/immunology
- Leukocyte Common Antigens/metabolism
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/drug effects
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Tuberculosis, Pleural/immunology
- Tuberculosis, Pleural/metabolism
- Young Adult
- Interleukin-22
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Fu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Research of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sifei Yu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Research of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binyan Yang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Research of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suihua Lao
- Chest Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, P. R. of China
| | - Baiqing Li
- Department of Immunology, Research Center of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, P. R. of China
| | - Changyou Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control Research of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Renoux VM, Zriwil A, Peitzsch C, Michaëlsson J, Friberg D, Soneji S, Sitnicka E. Identification of a Human Natural Killer Cell Lineage-Restricted Progenitor in Fetal and Adult Tissues. Immunity 2015; 43:394-407. [PMID: 26287684 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes and play a vital role in controlling viral infections and cancer. In contrast to B and T lymphopoiesis where cellular and regulatory pathways have been extensively characterized, the cellular stages of early human NK cell commitment remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that a Lin(-)CD34(+)CD38(+)CD123(-)CD45RA(+)CD7(+)CD10(+)CD127(-) population represents a NK lineage-restricted progenitor (NKP) in fetal development, umbilical cord blood, and adult tissues. The newly identified NKP has robust NK cell potential both in vitro and in vivo, generates functionally cytotoxic NK cells, and lacks the ability to produce T cells, B cells, myeloid cells, and innate lymphoid-like cells (ILCs). Our findings identify an early step to human NK cell commitment and provide new insights into the human hematopoietic hierarchy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie M Renoux
- Lund Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alya Zriwil
- Lund Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Claudia Peitzsch
- Lund Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jakob Michaëlsson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danielle Friberg
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge and CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shamit Soneji
- Lund Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ewa Sitnicka
- Lund Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden; Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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Yan W, Zhou L, Wen S, Duan Q, Huang F, Tang Y, Liu X, Chai Y, Wang L. Differential loss of natural killer cell activity in patients with acute myocardial infarction and stable angina pectoris. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:14667-75. [PMID: 26823790 PMCID: PMC4713576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the activity of natural killer cells through their inhibitory and activating receptors and quantity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells extracted from patients with acute myocardial infarction, stable angina pectoris and the controls. METHODS 100 patients with myocardial infarction, 100 with stable angina, and 20 healthy volunteers were recruited into the study. 20 randomly chosen people per group were examined for the whole human genome microarray analysis to detect the gene expressions of all 40 inhibitory and activating natural killer cell receptors. Flow cytometry analysis was applied to all 200 patients to measure the quantity of natural killer cells. RESULTS In myocardial infarction group, the mRNA expressions of six inhibitory receptors KIR2DL2, KIR3DL3, CD94, NKG2A, KLRB1, KLRG1, and eight activating receptors KIR2DS3, KIR2DS5, NKp30, NTB-A, CRACC, CD2, CD7 and CD96 were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05) compared with both angina patients and the controls. There was no statistical difference in receptor expressions between angina patients and control group. The quantity of natural killer cells was significantly decreased in both infarction and angina patients compared with normal range (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The significant mRNAs down-regulation of several receptors in myocardial infarction group and reduction in the quantity of natural killer cells in both myocardial infarction and angina patients showed a quantitative loss and dysfunction of natural killer cells in myocardial infarction patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine 389 Xincun Rd, Putuo District, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine 389 Xincun Rd, Putuo District, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Siwan Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine 389 Xincun Rd, Putuo District, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Qianglin Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine 389 Xincun Rd, Putuo District, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Feifei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine 389 Xincun Rd, Putuo District, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine 389 Xincun Rd, Putuo District, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine 389 Xincun Rd, Putuo District, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yongyan Chai
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine 389 Xincun Rd, Putuo District, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Lemin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine 389 Xincun Rd, Putuo District, Shanghai 200065, China
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Victorino F, Sojka DK, Brodsky KS, McNamee EN, Masterson JC, Homann D, Yokoyama WM, Eltzschig HK, Clambey ET. Tissue-Resident NK Cells Mediate Ischemic Kidney Injury and Are Not Depleted by Anti-Asialo-GM1 Antibody. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:4973-85. [PMID: 26453755 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
NK cells are innate lymphoid cells important for immune surveillance, identifying and responding to stress, infection, and/or transformation. Whereas conventional NK (cNK) cells circulate systemically, many NK cells reside in tissues where they appear to be poised to locally regulate tissue function. In the present study, we tested the contribution of tissue-resident NK (trNK) cells to tissue homeostasis by studying ischemic injury in the mouse kidney. Parabiosis experiments demonstrate that the kidney contains a significant fraction of trNK cells under homeostatic conditions. Kidney trNK cells developed independent of NFIL3 and T-bet, and they expressed a distinct cell surface phenotype as compared with cNK cells. Among these, trNK cells had reduced asialo-GM1 (AsGM1) expression relative to cNK cells, a phenotype observed in trNK cells across multiple organs and mouse strains. Strikingly, anti-AsGM1 Ab treatment, commonly used as an NK cell-depleting regimen, resulted in a robust and selective depletion of cNKs, leaving trNKs largely intact. Using this differential depletion, we tested the relative contribution of cNK and trNK cells in ischemic kidney injury. Whereas anti-NK1.1 Ab effectively depleted both trNK and cNK cells and protected against ischemic/reperfusion injury, anti-AsGM1 Ab preferentially depleted cNK cells and failed to protect against injury. These data demonstrate unanticipated specificity of anti-AsGM1 Ab depletion on NK cell subsets and reveal a new approach to study the contributions of cNK and trNK cells in vivo. In total, these data demonstrate that trNK cells play a key role in modulating local responses to ischemic tissue injury in the kidney and potentially other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Victorino
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045; Immunology Graduate Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Dorothy K Sojka
- Rheumatology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Kelley S Brodsky
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Eoin N McNamee
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Joanne C Masterson
- Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045; Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045; and
| | - Dirk Homann
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Wayne M Yokoyama
- Rheumatology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Eric T Clambey
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045;
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38
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Hilton HG, Norman PJ, Nemat-Gorgani N, Goyos A, Hollenbach JA, Henn BM, Gignoux CR, Guethlein LA, Parham P. Loss and Gain of Natural Killer Cell Receptor Function in an African Hunter-Gatherer Population. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005439. [PMID: 26292085 PMCID: PMC4546388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulating natural killer cell functions in human immunity and reproduction are diverse interactions between the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) of Natural Killer (NK) cells and HLA class I ligands on the surface of tissue cells. Dominant interactions are between KIR2DL1 and the C2 epitope of HLA-C and between KIR2DL2/3 and the C1 epitope of HLA-C. KhoeSan hunter-gatherers of Southern Africa represent the earliest population divergence known and are the most genetically diverse indigenous people, qualities reflected in their KIR and HLA genes. Of the ten KhoeSan KIR2DL1 alleles, KIR2DL1*022 and KIR2DL1*026 likely originated in the KhoeSan, and later were transmitted at low frequency to the neighboring Zulus through gene flow. These alleles arose by point mutation from other KhoeSan KIR2DL1 alleles that are more widespread globally. Mutation of KIR2DL1*001 gave rise to KIR2DL1*022, causing loss of C2 recognition and gain of C1 recognition. This makes KIR2DL1*022 a more avid and specific C1 receptor than any KIR2DL2/3 allotype. Mutation of KIR2DL1*012 gave rise to KIR2DL1*026, causing premature termination of translation at the end of the transmembrane domain. This makes KIR2DL1*026 a membrane-associated receptor that lacks both a cytoplasmic tail and signaling function. At higher frequencies than their parental allotypes, the combined effect of the KhoeSan-specific KIR2DL1*022 and KIR2DL1*026 is to reduce the frequency of strong inhibitory C2 receptors and increase the frequency of strong inhibitory C1 receptors. Because interaction of KIR2DL1 with C2 is associated with risk of pregnancy disorder, these functional changes are potentially advantageous. Whereas all other KhoeSan KIR2DL1 alleles are present on a wide diversity of centromeric KIR haplotypes, KIR2DL1*026 is present on a single KIR haplotype and KIR2DL1*022 is present on two very similar haplotypes. The high linkage disequilibrium across their haplotypes is consistent with a recent emergence for these KIR2DL1 alleles that have distinctive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo G. Hilton
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Paul J. Norman
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Neda Nemat-Gorgani
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Ana Goyos
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Jill A. Hollenbach
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Brenna M. Henn
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Christopher R. Gignoux
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Lisbeth A. Guethlein
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Peter Parham
- Departments of Structural Biology and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
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Abstract
Asthma is an immune-mediated disease of the airways characterized by reversible airway obstruction, bronchial eosinophilic inflammation, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). The immune dysregulation in asthma has been attributed to the involvement of diverse immune cells that contribute to the immunopathology of the disease. Natural killer (NK) cells play critical roles in host defense against viruses and various cancers. Accumulating evidence demonstrates additional important roles for these cells in T cell priming, dendritic cell maturation, and the development of inflammation, all of which have the potential to enhance or dampen allergic responses. The ability of NK cells to produce Th2-type cytokines and their pivotal role in combating respiratory infections which cause airway dysfunction in asthmatics further suggest that they may directly contribute to the immunopathogenesis of allergic airway disease. In this review, we examine emerging evidence and discuss the putative roles of NK cells in the sensitization, progression, and resolution of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton B Mathias
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, 01119, USA,
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40
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Wu SF, Wang WJ, Gao YQ. Natural killer cells in hepatitis B virus infection. Braz J Infect Dis 2015; 19:417-25. [PMID: 26119852 PMCID: PMC9427491 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells are a unique type of lymphocytes with cytotoxic capacity, and play important roles against tumors and infections. Recently, natural killer cells have been increasingly valued in their effects in hepatitis B virus infection. Since hepatitis B virus is not cytopathic, the subsequent antiviral immune responses of the host are responsible for sustaining the liver injury, which may result in cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Many studies have confirmed that natural killer cells participate in anti-hepatitis B virus responses both in the early phase after infection and in the chronic phase via cytolysis, degranulation, and cytokine secretion. However, natural killer cells play dichotomic roles: they exert antiviral and immunoregulatory functions whilst contribute to the pathogenesis of liver injury. Here, we review the roles of natural killer cells in hepatitis B virus infection, introducing novel therapeutic strategies for controlling hepatitis B virus infection via the modulation of natural killer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-fei Wu
- Department of Hepatopathy, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-jing Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-qiu Gao
- Department of Hepatopathy, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Romero-Adrian TB, Leal-Montiel J, Fernández G, Valecillo A. Role of cytokines and other factors involved in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. World J Immunol 2015; 5:16-50. [DOI: 10.5411/wji.v5.i1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a pathogen that is widely distributed geographically and continues to be a major threat to world health. Bacterial virulence factors, nutritional state, host genetic condition and immune response play an important role in the evolution of the infection. The genetically diverse Mtb strains from different lineages have been shown to induce variable immune system response. The modern and ancient lineages strains induce different cytokines patterns. The immunity to Mtb depends on Th1-cell activity [interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)]. IL-1β directly kills Mtb in murine and human macrophages. IL-6 is a requirement in host resistance to Mtb infection. IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12 and IL-17 are participants in Mycobacterium-induced granuloma formation. Other regulating proteins as IL-27 and IL-10 can prevent extensive immunopathology. CXCL 8 enhances the capacity of the neutrophil to kill Mtb. CXCL13 and CCL19 have been identified as participants in the formation of granuloma and control the Mtb infection. Treg cells are increased in patients with active tuberculosis (TB) but decrease with anti-TB treatment. The increment of these cells causes down- regulation of adaptive immune response facilitating the persistence of the bacterial infection. Predominance of Th2 phenotype cytokines increases the severity of TB. The evolution of the Mtb infection will depend of the cytokines network and of the influence of other factors aforementioned.
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Smigoc Schweiger D, Mendez A, Kunilo Jamnik S, Bratanic N, Bratina N, Battelino T, Brecelj J, Vidan-Jeras B. Genetic risk for co-occurrence of type 1 diabetes and celiac disease is modified by HLA-C and killer immunoglobulin-like receptors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 84:471-8. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Smigoc Schweiger
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases; University Medical Centre - University Children's Hospital; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - A. Mendez
- Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia; Tissue Typing Centre; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - S. Kunilo Jamnik
- Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia; Tissue Typing Centre; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - N. Bratanic
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases; University Medical Centre - University Children's Hospital; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - N. Bratina
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases; University Medical Centre - University Children's Hospital; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - T. Battelino
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases; University Medical Centre - University Children's Hospital; Ljubljana Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - J. Brecelj
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition; University Medical Centre - University Children's Hospital; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - B. Vidan-Jeras
- Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia; Tissue Typing Centre; Ljubljana Slovenia
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43
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Leong JW, Sullivan RP, Fehniger TA. microRNA management of NK-cell developmental and functional programs. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:2862-8. [PMID: 25142111 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
NK cells are innate lymphoid cells that are critical for host defense against infection, and mediate anti-tumor responses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large family of small noncoding RNAs that target the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNAs, thereby attenuating protein translation. The expression of miRNAs within human peripheral blood and mouse splenic NK cells has been cataloged, with the majority of the miRNA sequence pool represented in the top 60 most abundantly expressed miRNAs. Global miRNA deficiency within NK cells has confirmed their critical role in NK-cell biology, including defects in NK-cell development and altered functionality. Studies using gain- and loss-of-function of individual miRNAs in NK cells have demonstrated the role of specific miRNAs in regulating NK-cell development, maturation, and activation. miRNAs also regulate fundamental NK-cell processes including cytokine production, cytotoxicity, and proliferation. This review provides an update on the intrinsic miRNA regulation of NK cells, including miRNA expression profiles, as well as their impact on NK-cell biology. Additional profiling is needed to better understand miRNA expression within NK-cell developmental intermediates, subsets, tissues, and in the setting of disease. Furthermore, key open questions in the field as well as technical challenges in the study of miRNAs in NK cells are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Leong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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44
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Nemat-Gorgani N, Edinur HA, Hollenbach JA, Traherne JA, Dunn PPJ, Chambers GK, Parham P, Norman PJ. KIR diversity in Māori and Polynesians: populations in which HLA-B is not a significant KIR ligand. Immunogenetics 2014; 66:597-611. [PMID: 25139336 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-014-0794-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
HLA class I molecules and killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) form a diverse system of ligands and receptors that individualize human immune systems in ways that improve the survival of individuals and populations. Human settlement of Oceania by island-hopping East and Southeast Asian migrants started ~3,500 years ago. Subsequently, New Zealand was reached ~750 years ago by ancestral Māori. To examine how this history impacted KIR and HLA diversity, and their functional interaction, we defined at high resolution the allelic and haplotype diversity of the 13 expressed KIR genes in 49 Māori and 34 Polynesians. Eighty KIR variants, including four 'new' alleles, were defined, as were 35 centromeric and 22 telomeric KIR region haplotypes, which combine to give >50 full-length KIR haplotypes. Two new and divergent variant KIR form part of a telomeric KIR haplotype, which appears derived from Papua New Guinea and was probably obtained by the Asian migrants en route to Polynesia. Māori and Polynesian KIR are very similar, but differ significantly from African, European, Japanese, and Amerindian KIR. Māori and Polynesians have high KIR haplotype diversity with corresponding allotype diversity being maintained throughout the KIR locus. Within the population, each individual has a unique combination of HLA class I and KIR. Characterizing Māori and Polynesians is a paucity of HLA-B allotypes recognized by KIR. Compensating for this deficiency are high frequencies (>50 %) of HLA-A allotypes recognized by KIR. These HLA-A allotypes are ones that modern humans likely acquired from archaic humans at a much earlier time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Nemat-Gorgani
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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45
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Merino AM, Dugast AS, Wilson CM, Goepfert PA, Alter G, Kaslow RA, Tang J. KIR2DS4 promotes HIV-1 pathogenesis: new evidence from analyses of immunogenetic data and natural killer cell function. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99353. [PMID: 24901871 PMCID: PMC4047121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND KIR2DS4 gene variants encode full-length and truncated protein products, with only the former serving as membrane-bound receptors to activate natural killer (NK) cells. We have previously shown that full-length KIR2DS4 was associated with relatively high viral load and accelerated heterosexual HIV-1 transmission. Our objective here was to provide confirmatory data and to offer new insights about the potential mechanisms. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Mixed models for repeated (longitudinal) outcome measurements on 207 HIV-1 seropositive American youth revealed an association of full-length KIR2DS4 with relatively high viral load and low CD4+ T-cell count (p<0.01 for both). Depending on KIR2DS4 expression (presence or absence) on cell surface, NK cells from 43 individuals with untreated, chronic HIV-1 infection often differed in functional properties, including degranulation and secretion of IFN-γ and MIP-1β. In particular, polyfunctional NK cells were enriched in the KIR2DS4-positive subset. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Full-length KIR2DS4 promotes HIV-1 pathogenesis during chronic infection, probably through the maintenance of an excessively pro-inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee M. Merino
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Anne-Sophie Dugast
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Craig M. Wilson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Paul A. Goepfert
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richard A. Kaslow
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Jianming Tang
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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46
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Leong JW, Chase JM, Romee R, Schneider SE, Sullivan RP, Cooper MA, Fehniger TA. Preactivation with IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 induces CD25 and a functional high-affinity IL-2 receptor on human cytokine-induced memory-like natural killer cells. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2014; 20:463-73. [PMID: 24434782 PMCID: PMC3959288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are effector lymphocytes that are under clinical investigation for the adoptive immunotherapy of hematologic malignancies, especially acute myeloid leukemia. Recent work in mice has identified innate memory-like properties of NK cells. Human NK cells also exhibit memory-like properties, and cytokine-induced memory-like (CIML) NK cells are generated via brief preactivation with IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18, which later exhibit enhanced functionality upon restimulation. However, the optimal cytokine receptors and signals for maintenance of enhanced function and homeostasis after preactivation remain unclear. Here, we show that IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 preactivation induces a rapid and prolonged expression of CD25, resulting in a functional high-affinity IL-2 receptor (IL-2Rαβγ) that confers responsiveness to picomolar concentrations of IL-2. The expression of CD25 correlated with STAT5 phosphorylation in response to picomolar concentrations of IL-2, indicating the presence of a signal-competent IL-2Rαβγ. Furthermore, picomolar concentrations of IL-2 acted synergistically with IL-12 to costimulate IFN-γ production by preactivated NK cells, an effect that was CD25 dependent. Picomolar concentrations of IL-2 also enhanced NK cell proliferation and cytotoxicity via the IL-2Rαβγ. Further, after adoptive transfer into immunodeficient NOD-SCID-γc(-/-) mice, human cytokine-preactivated NK cells expand preferentially in response to exogenous IL-2. Collectively, these data demonstrate that human CIML NK cells respond to IL-2 via IL-2Rαβγ with enhanced survival and functionality, and they provide additional rationale for immunotherapeutic strategies that include brief cytokine preactivation before adoptive NK cell transfer, followed by low-dose IL-2 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Leong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Julie M Chase
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Rizwan Romee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Stephanie E Schneider
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ryan P Sullivan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Megan A Cooper
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Todd A Fehniger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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47
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Della Chiesa M, Marcenaro E, Sivori S, Carlomagno S, Pesce S, Moretta A. Human NK cell response to pathogens. Semin Immunol 2014; 26:152-60. [PMID: 24582551 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
NK cells represent important effectors of the innate immunity in the protection of an individual from microbes. During an NK-mediated anti-microbial response, the final fate (survival or death) of a potential infected target cell depends primarily on the type and the number of receptor/ligand interactions occurring at the effector/target immune synapse. The identification of an array of receptors involved in NK cell triggering has been crucial for a better understanding of the NK cell biology. In this context, NCR play a predominant role in NK cell activation during the process of natural cytotoxicity. Regarding the NK-mediated pathogen recognition and NK cell activation, an emerging concept is represented by the involvement of TLRs and activating KIRs. NK cells express certain TLRs in common with other innate cell types. This would mean that specific TLR ligands are able to promote the simultaneous and synergistic stimulation of these innate cells, providing a coordinated mechanism for regulating the initiation and amplification of immune responses. Evidences have been accumulated indicating that viral infections may have a significant impact on NK cell maturation, promoting the expansion of phenotypically and functionally aberrant NK cell subpopulations. For example, during chronic HIV-infection, an abnormal expansion of a dysfunctional CD56neg NK cell subset has been detected that may explain, at least in part, the defective NK cell-mediated antiviral activity. An analogous imbalance of NK cell subsets has been detected in patients receiving HSCT to cure high risk leukemias and experiencing HCMV infection/reactivation. Remarkably, NK cells developing after CMV reactivation may contain "memory-like" or "long-lived" NK cells that could exert a potent anti-leukemia effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Della Chiesa
- DI.ME.S. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marcenaro
- DI.ME.S. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Simona Sivori
- DI.ME.S. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Simona Carlomagno
- DI.ME.S. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Pesce
- DI.ME.S. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretta
- DI.ME.S. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale and Centro di Eccellenza per la Ricerca Biomedica, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy.
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Guo H, Hu R, Guan X, Guo F, Zhao S, Zhang X. HPV16E7 silencing enhances susceptibility of CaSki cells to natural killer cells. Mol Med Rep 2014; 9:1351-4. [PMID: 24566606 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells to CaSki cells following knockdown of the E7 protein of the human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16E7). Recombinant adenovirus-short hairpin-E7 protein of the human panillomavirus type 16 (Ad‑sh‑HPV16E7) was constructed and used to infect CaSki cells. The expression of HPV16E7 in CaSki cells was assessed using western blot analysis. The expression of cell surface molecule major histocompatibility complex‑I (MHC‑I) in CaSki cells infected with Ad‑sh‑HPV16E7 was examined using flow cytometry. The cytotoxicity of NK cells isolated and expanded from healthy volunteers on Ad‑sh‑HPV16E7‑infected CaSki cells was assessed using the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. Ad‑sh‑HPV16E7 was successfully constructed and able to inhibit HPV16E7 the expression in CaSki cells. The expression of major histocompa-tibility complex I (MHC‑I), a surface molecule, in CaSki cells was increased after infection with Ad‑sh‑HPV16E7. Compared with the controls, the cytotoxicity of NK cells on CaSki cells, which were infected with Ad‑sh‑HPV16E7, was decreased (p<0.05). In conclusion, HPV16E7 suppresses the expression of MHC‑I on CaSki cells to evade cytotoxic T‑cell (CTL) response. However, it was possible to enhance the cytotoxicity of expanded NK cells to cervical cancer cells or HPV16‑infected cells in vitro, indicating that NK cells may be used for immunotherapy of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Ruili Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Xinlei Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Fang Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Shuzhen Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan 453100, P.R. China
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49
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Abstract
The functions of Natural Killer (NK) cells are regulated by a highly redundant set of germline-encoded surface receptors that can inhibit or activate NK cell activities. NK cells can be activated by cytokines or through the interaction with transformed or infected cells. This typically results in the production of cytokines, chemokines, and the induction of cellular cytotoxicity. However, the reactivity of NK cells is modulated on various levels and shaped by processes such as development, education, priming, exposure to antigens and cytokines, and the formation of memory-like phenotypes. Here, I will summarize our current understanding of these processes and describe how they influence NK cell reactivity on a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Watzl
- Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, IfADo, Dortmund, Germany.
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50
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Romee R, Leong JW, Fehniger TA. Utilizing cytokines to function-enable human NK cells for the immunotherapy of cancer. SCIENTIFICA 2014; 2014:205796. [PMID: 25054077 PMCID: PMC4099226 DOI: 10.1155/2014/205796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphoid cells important for host defense against pathogens and mediate antitumor immunity. Cytokine receptors transduce important signals that regulate proliferation, survival, activation status, and trigger effector functions. Here, we review the roles of major cytokines that regulate human NK cell development, survival, and function, including IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and IL-21, and their translation to the clinic as immunotherapy agents. We highlight a recent development in NK cell biology, the identification of innate NK cell memory, and focus on cytokine-induced memory-like (CIML) NK cells that result from a brief, combined activation with IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18. This activation results in long lived NK cells that exhibit enhanced functionality when they encounter a secondary stimulation and provides a new approach to enable NK cells for enhanced responsiveness to infection and cancer. An improved understanding of the cellular and molecular aspects of cytokine-cytokine receptor signals has led to a resurgence of interest in the clinical use of cytokines that sustain and/or activate NK cell antitumor potential. In the future, such strategies will be combined with negative regulatory signal blockade and enhanced recognition to comprehensively enhance NK cells for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Romee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey W. Leong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Todd A. Fehniger
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- *Todd A. Fehniger:
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