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Zhao Y, Song L, Li M, Peng H, Qiu X, Li Y, Zhu B, Liu C, Ren S, Miao L. Injectable CNPs/DMP1-loaded self-assembly hydrogel regulating inflammation of dental pulp stem cells for dentin regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100907. [PMID: 38170028 PMCID: PMC10758968 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Vital pulp preservation, which is a clinical challenge of aseptic or iatrogenic accidental exposure of the pulp, in cases direct pulp capping is the main technology. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) play a critical role in pulp tissue repair, but their differentiative ability could be inhibited by the potential infection and inflammatory response of the exposed pulp. Therefore, inflammatory regulation and differentiated promotion of hDPSCs are both essential for preserving living pulp teeth. In this study, we constructed a functional dental pulp-capping hydrogel by loading cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) and dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP1) into an injectable Fmoc-triphenylalanine hydrogel (Fmoc-phe3 hydrogel) as CNPs/DMP1/Hydrogel for in situ drugs delivery. With a view to long-term storage and release of CNPs (anti-inflammatory and antioxidant) to regulate the local inflammatory environment and DMP1 to promote the regeneration of dentin. Results of CCK-8, LDH release, hemolysis, and Live/Dead assessment of cells demonstrated the good biocompatibility of CNPs/DMP1/Hydrogel. The levels of alkaline phosphatase activity, quantification of the mineralized nodules, expressions of osteogenic genes and proteins demonstrated CNPs/DMP1/Hydrogel could protect the activity of hDPSCs' osteogenic/dentinogenic differentiation by reducing the inflammation response via releasing CNPs. The therapy effects were further confirmed in rat models, CNPs/DMP1/Hydrogel reduced the necrosis rate of damaged pulp and promoted injured pulp repair and reparative dentin formation with preserved vital pulps. In summary, the CNPs/DMP1/Hydrogel composite is an up-and-coming pulp-capping material candidate to induce reparative dentin formation, as well as provide a theoretical and experimental basis for developing pulp-capping materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lutong Song
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengchen Li
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoran Peng
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyi Qiu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuyang Li
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bijun Zhu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuangshuang Ren
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Leiying Miao
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Dental manifestations and treatment of hypophosphatemic rickets: A case report and review of literature. BDJ Open 2023; 9:2. [PMID: 36717535 PMCID: PMC9886973 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-023-00129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment and management of patients suffering from hypophosphatemic rickets (HR) remain a major challenge for dental practitioners and affected patients. OBJECTIVES To report a case of HR presenting with specific dental findings and to review the dental manifestations and treatment of HR patients. METHODS Case: A 32-year-old male presented with multiple dental abscesses and short stature. A thorough history was taken followed by clinical oral examination, and relevant radiological investigation was done. Literature research: In 2020, electronic literature searches were carried out in PubMed and complemented by a careful assessment of the reference lists of the identified relevant papers. Articles and reports fulfilled the inclusion criteria: indexed reviews, case series and case reports in English and restricted to human studies were considered. RESULTS The intraoral examination revealed multiple dental abscesses and general periodontal disease; the radiographic examination showed poorly defined lamina dura, large pulp chambers and periapical lesions. Based on the contents of the 43 articles identified in the search, the current knowledge of dental manifestations, treatment and management of HR was summarized. CONCLUSIONS As HR is a multisystem disease, multidisciplinary care is needed. By summarizing current evidences, we proposed an evidence-based dental management and provided recommendations on diagnosis and treatment of the disease. It is of profound clinical significance to acquire knowledge of the dental manifestations and provide optimal treatment options for patients.
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3
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Dong C, Lamichhane B, Yamazaki H, Vasquez B, Wang J, Zhang Y, Feng JQ, Margolis HC, Beniash E, Wang X. The phosphorylation of serine 55 in enamelin is essential for murine amelogenesis. Matrix Biol 2022; 111:245-263. [PMID: 35820561 PMCID: PMC11244640 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is an inherited developmental enamel defect affecting tooth masticatory function, esthetic appearance, and the well-being of patients. As one of the major enamel matrix proteins (EMPs), enamelin (ENAM) has three serines located in Ser-x-Glu (S-x-E) motifs, which are potential phosphorylation sites for the Golgi casein kinase FAM20C. Defects in FAM20C have similarly been associated with AI. In our previous study of EnamRgsc514 mice, the Glu57 in the S55-X56-E57 motif was mutated into Gly, which was expected to cause a phosphorylation failure of Ser55 because Ser55 cannot be recognized by FAM20C. The severe enamel defects in ENAMRgsc514 mice reminiscent of Enam-knockout mouse enamel suggested a potentially important role of Ser55 phosphorylation in ENAM function. However, the enamel defects and ENAM dysfunction may also be attributed to distinct physicochemical differences between Glu57 and Gly57. To clarify the significance of Ser55 phosphorylation to ENAM function, we generated two lines of Enam knock-in mice using CRISPR-Cas9 method to eliminate or mimic the phosphorylation state of Ser55 by substituting it with Ala55 or Asp55 (designated as S55A or S55D), respectively. The teeth of 6-day or 4-week-old mice were subjected to histology, micro-CT, SEM, TEM, immunohistochemistry, and mass spectrometry analyses to characterize the morphological, microstructural and proteomic changes in ameloblasts, enamel matrix and enamel rods. Our results showed that the enamel formation and EMP expression in S55D heterozygotes (Het) were less disturbed than those in S55A heterozygotes, while both homozygotes (Homo) had no mature enamel formation. Proteomic analysis revealed alterations of enamel matrix biosynthetic and mineralization processes in S55A Hets. Our present findings indicate that Asp55 substitution partially mimics the phosphorylation state of Ser55 in ENAM. Ser55 phosphorylation is essential for ENAM function during amelogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Dong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX 75246, United States
| | - Bikash Lamichhane
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX 75246, United States
| | - Hajime Yamazaki
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brent Vasquez
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jingya Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX 75246, United States
| | - Yongxu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX 75246, United States
| | - Jian Q Feng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX 75246, United States
| | - Henry C Margolis
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Elia Beniash
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, 3302 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX 75246, United States.
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Fu J, Zhang X, Zheng H, Yang G, Chen Z, Yuan G. A WWP2-PTEN-KLF5 signaling axis regulates odontoblast differentiation and dentinogenesis in mice. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102220. [PMID: 35780838 PMCID: PMC9358474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
WW domain–containing E3 Ubiquitin-protein ligase 2 (WWP2) has been found to positively regulate odontoblastic differentiation by monoubiquitinating the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) in a cell culture system. However, the in vivo role of WWP2 in mouse teeth remains unknown. To explore this, here we generated Wwp2 knockout (Wwp2 KO) mice. We found that molars in Wwp2 KO mice exhibited thinner dentin, widened predentin, and reduced numbers of dentinal tubules. In addition, expression of the odontoblast differentiation markers Dspp and Dmp1 was decreased in the odontoblast layers of Wwp2 KO mice. These findings demonstrate that WWP2 may facilitate odontoblast differentiation and dentinogenesis. Furthermore, we show for the first time that phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor, is expressed in dental papilla cells and odontoblasts of mouse molars and acts as a negative regulator of odontoblastic differentiation. Further investigation indicated that PTEN is targeted by WWP2 for degradation during odontoblastic differentiation. We demonstrate PTEN physically interacts with and inhibits the transcriptional activity of KLF5 on Dspp and Dmp1. Finally, we found WWP2 was able to suppress the interaction between PTEN and KLF5, which diminished the inhibition effect of PTEN on KLF5. Taken together, this study confirms the essential role of WWP2 and the WWP2–PTEN–KLF5 signaling axis in odontoblast differentiation and dentinogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiwen Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guobin Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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5
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Abramyan J, Geetha-Loganathan P, Šulcová M, Buchtová M. Role of Cell Death in Cellular Processes During Odontogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:671475. [PMID: 34222243 PMCID: PMC8250436 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.671475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of a tooth germ in a precise size, shape, and position in the jaw, involves meticulous regulation of cell proliferation and cell death. Apoptosis, as the most common type of programmed cell death during embryonic development, plays a number of key roles during odontogenesis, ranging from the budding of the oral epithelium during tooth initiation, to later tooth germ morphogenesis and removal of enamel knot signaling center. Here, we summarize recent knowledge about the distribution and function of apoptotic cells during odontogenesis in several vertebrate lineages, with a special focus on amniotes (mammals and reptiles). We discuss the regulatory roles that apoptosis plays on various cellular processes during odontogenesis. We also review apoptosis-associated molecular signaling during tooth development, including its relationship with the autophagic pathway. Lastly, we cover apoptotic pathway disruption, and alterations in apoptotic cell distribution in transgenic mouse models. These studies foster a deeper understanding how apoptotic cells affect cellular processes during normal odontogenesis, and how they contribute to dental disorders, which could lead to new avenues of treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Abramyan
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan–Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, United States
| | | | - Marie Šulcová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
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6
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Ni X, Li X, Zhang Q, Liu C, Gong Y, Wang O, Li M, Xing X, Jiang Y, Xia W. Clinical Characteristics and Bone Features of Autosomal Recessive Hypophosphatemic Rickets Type 1 in Three Chinese Families: Report of Five Chinese Cases and Review of the Literature. Calcif Tissue Int 2020; 107:636-648. [PMID: 32920683 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-020-00755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 1 (ARHR1) was reported to be caused by homozygous mutation of dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1). To date, very few cases have been reported. Here, we summarized clinical, laboratory and imaging findings of ARHR1 patients in our hospital. Literature review was performed to analyze genotype-phenotype correlation. Five Chinese patients from three unrelated pedigrees presented with lower extremity deformity and short stature. Hypophosphatemia, elevated alkaline phosphatase, high intact fibroblast growth factor 23 and sclerostin were found. X-ray uncovered coexistence of osteomalacia and osteosclerosis. Although areal bone mineral density (aBMD) of axial bone measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was relatively high in all patients, volumetric BMD (vBMD) and microstructure of one adult patient's peripheral bone detected by HR-pQCT were damaged. Mutation analyses of DMP1 revealed three homozygous mutations including two novel mutations, c.54 + 1G > C and c.94C > A (p.E32X), and a reported mutation c.184-1G > A. Genotype-phenotype correlation analysis including 30 cases (25 from literature review and 5 from our study) revealed that patients harboring mutations affecting C-terminal fragment of DMP1 presented with shorter stature (Z score of height = - 3.4 ± 1.6 vs - 1.0 ± 1.6, p = 0.001) and lower serum phosphate level (0.70 ± 0.15 vs 0.84 ± 0.16, p = 0.03) than those harboring mutations only affecting N-terminal fragment. In summary, we reported five Chinese ARHR1 patients and identified two novel DMP1 mutations. High aBMD and local osteosclerosis in axial bone with low vBMD and damaged microstructure in peripheral bone were featured. Genotype-phenotype correlation analysis confirmed the important role of C-terminal fragment of DMP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Ni
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Commission of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Commission of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Laboratory Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Commission of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yiyi Gong
- Central Research Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ou Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Commission of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Commission of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiaoping Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Commission of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Commission of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Weibo Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Commission of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
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7
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Shuhaibar N, Hand AR, Terasaki M. Odontoblast processes of the mouse incisor are plates oriented in the direction of growth. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 304:1820-1827. [PMID: 33190419 PMCID: PMC8359275 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Odontoblast processes are thin cytoplasmic projections that extend from the cell body at the periphery of the pulp toward the dentin-enamel junction. The odontoblast processes function in the secretion, assembly and mineralization of dentin during development, participate in mechanosensation, and aid in dentin repair in mature teeth. Because they are small and densely arranged, their three-dimensional organization is not well documented. To gain further insight into how odontoblast processes contribute to odontogenesis, we used serial section electron microscopy and three-dimensional reconstructions to examine these processes in the predentin region of mouse molars and incisors. In molars, the odontoblast processes are tubular with a diameter of ~1.8 μm. The odontoblast processes near the incisor tip are similarly shaped, but those midway between the tip and apex are shaped like plates. The plates are radially aligned and longitudinally oriented with respect to the growth axis of the incisor. The thickness of the plates is approximately the same as the diameter of molar odontoblast processes. The plates have an irregular edge; the average ratio of width (midway in the predentin) to thickness is 2.3 on the labial side and 3.6 on the lingual side. The plate geometry seems likely to be related to the continuous growth of the incisor and may provide a clue as to the mechanisms by which the odontoblast processes are involved in tooth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninna Shuhaibar
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Arthur R Hand
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Division of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mark Terasaki
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Melms H, Herrmann M, Förstner K, Bharti R, Schneider D, Mentrup B, Rudert M, Schlagenhauf U, Jakob F, Graser S. Novel molecular cues for dental defects in hypophosphatasia. Exp Cell Res 2020; 392:112026. [PMID: 32333908 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mineralization disorders with a broad range of etiological factors represent a huge challenge in dental diagnosis and therapy. Hypophosphatasia (HPP) belongs to the rare diseases affecting predominantly mineralized tissues, bones and teeth, and occurs due to mutations in the ALPL gene, which encodes tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). Here we analyzed stem cells from bone marrow (BMSCs), dental pulp (DPSCs) and periodontal ligament (PDLSCs) in the absence and presence of efficient TNAP inhibitors. The differentiation capacity, expression of surface markers, and gene expression patterns of donor-matched dental cells were compared during this in vitro study. Differentiation assays showed efficient osteogenic but low adipogenic differentiation (aD) capacity of PDLSCs and DPSCs. TNAP inhibitor treatment completely abolished the mineralization process during osteogenic differentiation (oD). RNA-seq analysis in PDLSCs, comparing oD with and without TNAP inhibitor levamisole, showed clustered regulation of candidate molecular mechanisms that putatively impaired osteogenesis and mineralization, disequilibrated ECM production and turnover, and propagated inflammation. Combined alteration of cementum formation, mineralization, and elastic attachment of teeth to cementum via elastic fibers may explain dental key problems in HPP. Using this in vitro model of TNAP deficiency in DPSCs and PDLSCs, we provide novel putative target areas for research on molecular cues for specific dental problems in HPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Melms
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marietta Herrmann
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; IZKF Research Group Tissue Regeneration in Musculoskeletal Diseases, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Konrad Förstner
- Core Unit SysMed, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Institute for Information Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Cologne, Germany; ZB MED - Information Centre for Life Science, Cologne, Germany
| | - Richa Bharti
- Core Unit SysMed, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department for Bioinformatics, Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Straubing, Germany
| | - Doris Schneider
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Mentrup
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Department for Regenerative Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Maximilian Rudert
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopedic Department König-Ludwig-Haus, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schlagenhauf
- Department of Periodontology, University Clinics Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franz Jakob
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Graser
- Bernhard-Heine-Center for Locomotion Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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9
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Huang X, Wang F, Zhao C, Yang S, Cheng Q, Tang Y, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Luo W, Wang C, Zhou P, Kim S, Zuo G, Hu N, Li R, He TC, Zhang H. Dentinogenesis and Tooth-Alveolar Bone Complex Defects in BMP9/GDF2 Knockout Mice. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 28:683-694. [PMID: 30816068 PMCID: PMC6534167 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth development is regulated by sequential and reciprocal epithelium-mesenchymal interactions and their related molecular signaling pathways, such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Among the 14 types of BMPs, BMP9 (also known as growth differentiation factor 2) is one of the most potent BMPs to induce osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. The purpose of this study was to examine potential roles of BMP9 signaling in tooth development. First, we detected the expression pattern of BMP9 in tooth germ during postnatal tooth development, and we found that BMP9 was widely expressed in odontoblasts, ameloblasts, dental pulp cells, and osteoblasts in alveolar bones. Then, we established a BMP9-KO mouse model. Gross morphological examination revealed that the tooth cusps of BMP9-KO mice were significantly abraded with shorter roots. Micro-computed tomography and three-dimensional reconstruction analysis indicated that the first molars of the BMP9-KO mice exhibited a reduced thickness dentin, enlarged pulp canals, and shortened roots, resembling the phenotypes of the common hereditary dental disease dentinogenesis imperfecta. Further, the alveolar bone of the BMP9-KO mutants was found to be shorter and had a decreased mineral density and trabecular thickness and bone volume fraction compared with that of the wild-type control. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that both dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein 1 were induced in dental stem cells by BMP9, whereas their expression was reduced when BMP9 was silenced. Further studies are required to determine whether loss of or decreased BMP9 expression is clinically associated with dentinogenesis imperfecta. Collectively, our results strongly suggest that BMP9 may play an important role in regulating dentinogenesis and tooth development. Further research is recommended into the therapeutic uses of BMP9 to regenerate traumatized and diseased tissues and for the bioengineering of replacement teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Huang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feilong Wang
- 2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,3 Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- 4 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,5 Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianyu Cheng
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fugui Zhang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenping Luo
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Stephanie Kim
- 6 Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Guowei Zuo
- 7 Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ning Hu
- 4 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ruidong Li
- 8 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,6 Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- 1 Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,2 Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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10
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Xie F, Dai Q, Liu X, Wang J. Conditional Knockout of Raptor/mTORC1 Results in Dentin Malformation. Front Physiol 2019; 10:250. [PMID: 30984011 PMCID: PMC6449869 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
mTORC1 signaling plays an important role in extracellular and intracellular signals, including growth factors, nutrients, energy metabolism, and stress. However, the functional role of mTORC1 in dentinogenesis is unknown. To study the role of Raptor/mTORC1 in dentinogenesis, an Raptorfl/fl; Osx-Cre (Rap-Osx) mouse, in which Raptor was conditionally deleted in odontoblasts and dental mesenchymal cells, was generated, and postnatal tooth development was compared between Rap-Osx mice and control littermates. Rap-Osx mice presented a phenotype known as dentinogenesis imperfecta and had smaller tooth volume, a thinner dentin layer and a larger pulp chamber. The proliferation and differentiation of odontoblasts/preodontoblasts were attenuated in mutant mice, which was likely responsible for the defects in dentinogenesis. Raptor/mTORC1-pS6K1 signaling was inactivated during tooth development in Rap-Osx mice, whereas it was activated in control mice. These results indicate that Raptor/mTORC1 plays a critical role in dentinogenesis via promoting odontoblasts/preodontoblasts proliferation and differentiation. Raptor/mTORC1 might regulate tooth development through the pS6K1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Xie
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinggang Dai
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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11
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Chakhtoura M, Ramnitz MS, Khoury N, Nemer G, Shabb N, Abchee A, Berberi A, Hourani M, Collins M, Ichikawa S, El Hajj Fuleihan G. Hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis secondary to fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) mutation: a report of two affected families and review of the literature. Osteoporos Int 2018; 29:1987-2009. [PMID: 29923062 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-018-4574-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis (HFTC), secondary to fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) gene mutation, is a rare genetic disorder characterized by recurrent calcified masses. We describe young Lebanese cousins presenting with HFTC, based on a retrospective chart review and a prospective case study. In addition, we present a comprehensive review on the topic, based on a literature search conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar, in 2014 and updated in December 2017. While the patients had the same previously reported FGF23 gene mutation (homozygous c.G367T variant in exon 3 leading to a missense mutation), they presented with variable severity and age of disease onset (at 4 years in patient 1 and at 23 years in patient 2). A review of the literature revealed several potential patho-physiologic pathways of HFTC clinical manifestations, some of which may be independent of hyperphosphatemia. Most available treatment options aim at reducing serum phosphate level, by stimulating renal excretion or by inhibiting intestinal absorption. HFTC is a challenging disease. While the available medical treatment has a limited and inconsistent effect on disease symptomatology, surgical resection of calcified masses remains the last resort. Research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of FGF23 replacement or molecular therapy, targeting the specific genetic aberration. Hyperphosphatemic familial tumoral calcinosis is a rare genetic disorder characterized by recurrent calcified masses, in addition to other visceral, skeletal, and vascular manifestations. It remains a very challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chakhtoura
- Calcium Metabolism and Osteoporosis Program, WHO Collaborating Center for Metabolic Bone Disorders, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - M S Ramnitz
- Section on Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N Khoury
- Department of Radiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - G Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - N Shabb
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - A Abchee
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - A Berberi
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - M Hourani
- Department of Radiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - M Collins
- Section on Skeletal Disorders and Mineral Homeostasis, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - S Ichikawa
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - G El Hajj Fuleihan
- Calcium Metabolism and Osteoporosis Program, WHO Collaborating Center for Metabolic Bone Disorders, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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12
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Rangiani A, Jing Y, Ren Y, Yadav S, Taylor R, Feng JQ. Critical roles of periostin in the process of orthodontic tooth movement. Eur J Orthod 2015; 38:373-8. [PMID: 26446403 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjv071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM The process of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) involves multiple mechanisms of action including bone and extracellular matrix remodelling, although the role of periodontal ligament (PDL) in this process is largely unknown. Periostin, which is highly expressed in the PDL, is known to be responsible for mechanical stimulation in maintaining the integrity of periodontal tissues. We hypothesize that this protein plays an important role during OTM. MATERIAL AND METHODS By using spring in 4-week-old wild-type (WT) and periostin null mice, the rate of tooth movement and mineralization were evaluated. For the evaluation, double labelling, expression of sclerostin (SOST), number of TRAP-positive cells, and quality of collagen fibrils by Sirius red were analysed and compared between these two groups. RESULTS Our findings showed that the distance of the tooth movement and mineral deposition rates were significantly reduced in periostin null mice (P < 0.05), with a lack of expression changes in SOST as observed in the WT group. The arrangement, digestion, and integrity of collagen fibrils were impaired in periostin null mice. The number of osteoclasts reflected by expressions of TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) in the null mice was also significantly lower than the WT control (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Periostin plays a stimulatory role in both SOST and TRAP responses to OTM in the compassion site, although it is not clear if this role is direct or indirect during orthodontic loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Rangiani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA, Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA, and
| | - Yan Jing
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yinshi Ren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sumit Yadav
- Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA, and
| | - Reginald Taylor
- Department of Orthodontics, Texas A&M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jian Q Feng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA,
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13
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Sun N, Guo Y, Liu W, Densmore M, Shalhoub V, Erben RG, Ye L, Lanske B, Yuan Q. FGF23 neutralization improves bone quality and osseointegration of titanium implants in chronic kidney disease mice. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8304. [PMID: 25665715 PMCID: PMC4322353 DOI: 10.1038/srep08304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem. Serum levels of FGF23, a phosphaturic hormone, increase at the earliest stages of CKD, and have been found to be independently associated with the mortality and morbidity of CKD patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether FGF23 neutralization was able to improve bone quality and osseointegration of titanium implants. Uremia was induced by 5/6 nephrectomy in adult female mice. Postsurgery, the mice were injected with vehicle or FGF23 neutralizing antibody (5 mg/kg body weight) 3 times a week. Experimental titanium implants were inserted in the distal end of the femurs. FGF23 neutralization significantly increased serum phosphate, 1,25(OH)2D and BUN, and decreased serum PTH and FGF23, relative to vehicle-treated CKD mice. Histomorphometric analysis of the tibiae indicated that FGF23 neutralization normalized the osteoidosis observed in vehicle-treated CKD mice. Although bone-implant contact ratio remained unchanged by anti-FGF23 antibody treatment, the strength of osseointegration, as evidenced by a biomechanical push-in test, was significantly improved by FGF23 neutralization. Our findings revealed that FGF23 neutralization effectively improves bone quality and osseointegration of titanium implants in CKD mice, suggesting FGF23 as a key factor of CKD related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weiqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Michael Densmore
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA
| | | | - Reinhold G Erben
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Beate Lanske
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Quan Yuan
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China [2] Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA
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14
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Chen Y, Yu Y, Chen L, Ye L, Cui J, Sun Q, Li K, Li Z, Liu L. Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Therapeutic Option for Tooth Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:549432. [PMID: 26136785 PMCID: PMC4468342 DOI: 10.1155/2015/549432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth regeneration is considered to be an optimistic approach to replace current treatments for tooth loss. It is important to determine the most suitable seed cells for tooth regeneration. Recently, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) have been regarded as a promising candidate for tissue regeneration. However, it has not been reported whether hUCMSCs can be employed in tooth regeneration. Here, we report that hUCMSCs can be induced into odontoblast-like cells in vitro and in vivo. Induced hUCMSCs expressed dentin-related proteins including dentin sialoprotein (DSP) and dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1), and their gene expression levels were similar to those in native pulp tissue cells. Moreover, DSP- and DMP-1-positive calcifications were observed after implantation of hUCMSCs in vivo. These findings reveal that hUCMSCs have an odontogenic differentiation potency to differentiate to odontoblast-like cells with characteristic deposition of dentin-like matrix in vivo. This study clearly demonstrates hUCMSCs as an alternative therapeutic cell source for tooth regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Chen
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- 2Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Lin Chen
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lanfeng Ye
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junhui Cui
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Quan Sun
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kaide Li
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- 3Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- *Zhiyong Li: and
| | - Lei Liu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- *Lei Liu:
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15
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Gannagé-Yared MH, Makrythanasis P, Chouery E, Sobacchi C, Mehawej C, Santoni FA, Guipponi M, Antonarakis SE, Hamamy H, Mégarbané A. Exome sequencing reveals a mutation in DMP1 in a family with familial sclerosing bone dysplasia. Bone 2014; 68:142-5. [PMID: 25180662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypophosphatemic rickets (HR) comprises a rare group of inherited diseases. Very recently, mutations in the dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) gene were identified in patients with an extremely rare autosomal recessive form of HR (ARHR). To date, very few cases of these mutations were reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Lebanese consanguineous family with 2 affected sisters was studied. Patients aged 45 and 47years old presented with short stature, severe genu varum, cranial hyperostosis and a very high bone density that led to a diagnosis of a familial sclerosing bone dysplasia. Molecular analysis of known genes involved in osteopetrosis showed normal results. A combination of genotyping and exome sequencing was performed in order to elucidate the genetic basis of this pathology. RESULTS Biochemical analysis was consistent with normal serum calcium and 1-25(OH)2D levels, low to normal serum phosphorus and elevated PTH values. Serum c-terminal FGF-23 was elevated in one of the two patients. A homozygous mutation disrupting the initiation codon of the DMP1 gene (OMIM 600980), NM_001079911.2: c.1A>G, p.Met1Val, was identified by exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. CONCLUSION We report here a family of ARHR secondary to a DMP1 mutation located in the first coding exon of the gene. Our cases show that some ARHR cases may develop with age an unaccountable increase in bone density and bone overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Periklis Makrythanasis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Eliane Chouery
- Unité de Génétique Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Saint-Joseph, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Cristina Sobacchi
- CNR/IRGB, UOS Milan Unit, Milan, Italy; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Cybel Mehawej
- Unité de Génétique Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Saint-Joseph, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Federico A Santoni
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Michel Guipponi
- Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Stylianos E Antonarakis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Service of Genetic Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; iGE3 Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Hanan Hamamy
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - André Mégarbané
- Département d'Endocrinologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Saint-Joseph, Beirut, Lebanon; Institut Jérôme Lejeune, Paris, France.
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16
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Fu Y, Li R, Zhong J, Fu N, Wei X, Cun X, Deng S, Li G, Xie J, Cai X, Lin Y. Adipogenic differentiation potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from ovariectomized mice. Cell Prolif 2014; 47:604-14. [PMID: 25203126 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In human post-menopausal osteoporosis, enhanced adipogenesis in bone marrow and enhanced formation of adipose tissue in vivo are observed. These changes correlate with reduced trabecular bone volume and increased adipocyte cell size as well as cell number. However, cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying osteoporosis-related changes in adipocyte cell volume are not known. This study was designed to compare adipogenic potential of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) obtained from ovariectomized mice with that of control ADSCs, and to analyse pathological mechanisms from the point of functional changes of ADSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Healthy female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into ovariectomy and sham-surgery groups. Mouse ADSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro up to passage 3. After adipogenic induction, oil red O staining of lipid droplets was used to detect adipogenic ability of ADSCs; real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect expression of adipogenesis-related genes and proteins. RESULTS As indicated by increased expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes and proteins, and lipid droplets accumulation shown by oil red-O staining, adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs was significantly enhanced in the ovariectomy group compared to the sham-surgery group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that enhanced adipogenic differentiation of ADSCs is likely to be the important cause for increased adipogenesis in vivo and subsequent obesity-like changes in body mass, in mice, after ovariectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
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17
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Paudel U, Lee YH, Kwon TH, Park NH, Yun BS, Hwang PH, Yi HK. Eckols reduce dental pulp inflammation through the ERK1/2 pathway independent of COX-2 inhibition. Oral Dis 2014; 20:827-32. [PMID: 24924779 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of 6-6 bieckol (EB1) and pholorofucofuroeckol-A (EB5) from brown seaweed marine algae (Eisenia bicyclis) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODS The cytotoxicity of EB1 and EB5 was examined by MTT assay on LPS-induced human dental pulp cells. Their role on expression of inflammatory, odontogenic, and osteogenic molecules was determined by Western blot analysis. The dentin mineralization was checked by alkaline phosphatase activity. RESULTS The five compounds from E. bicyclis have different structure with non-cytotoxic in HDPCs. EB1 and EB5 showed anti-inflammatory properties and inhibited phosphorylated-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK1/2) and phosphorylated-c-jun N-terminal kinases (p-JNK) without any cytotoxicity. In particular, EB1 inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and p-ERK1/2 signaling, and EB5 inhibited only p-ERK1/2 signaling but not COX-2. Both compounds inhibited nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) translocation. Furthermore, EB1 and EB5 increased dentinogenic and osteogenic molecules, and dentin mineralized via alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) in LPS-induced HDPCs. CONCLUSIONS This study elucidates that EB1 and EB5 have different types of anti-inflammatory property and help in dentin formation. Therefore, these compounds derived from marine algae of E. bicyclis may be used as selective therapeutic strategies for pulpitis and oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Paudel
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, BK21 program, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
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18
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Pan HY, Yang H, Shao MY, Xu J, Zhang P, Cheng R, Hu T. Sphingosine-1-phosphate mediates AKT/ERK maintenance of dental pulp homoeostasis. Int Endod J 2014; 48:460-8. [PMID: 24931601 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the cell status of dental pulp cells (DPCs) in a sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-induced microinflammation environment and the possible mechanisms of cell homoeostasis maintenance by S1P. METHODOLOGY Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) expression was examined in DPCs within a local S1P-induced microinflammation model established using 1 μmol L(-1) S1P. U0126 [extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor], LY294002 (AKT inhibitor) and Y27632 (ROCK inhibitor) were used to inhibit corresponding signalling pathways of DPCs. CCK8 and cell cycle analysis tested cell proliferation. Immunofluorescence staining JC-1 detected changes of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Tests for apoptosis and the apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2 were assessed by flow cytometry and western blot analysis, respectively. Expressions of ERK and AKT were evaluated by western blot analysis. The results were analysed using the Student's t-test and the significance level set at P < 0.05. RESULTS Expressions of S1PR1, S1PR2 and S1PR3 in DPCs differed amongst individuals. DPCs maintained self-homoeostasis in response to S1P-induced microinflammation via S1PRs. During this repair process, ERK, AKT and ROCK had a short-term complementary interaction at 60 min, but then AKT and ERK gradually played decisive roles after 24 h in proliferation enhancement and apoptosis inhibition, respectively (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The AKT-ERK balance may determine whether DPC homoeostasis in S1P-induced microinflammation is maintained by synergistic regulation of cell growth and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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19
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Zhou C, Lin Y. Osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells promoted by quercetin. Cell Prolif 2014; 47:124-32. [PMID: 24617900 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to investigate overall effect of quercetin on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mouse adipose stem cells (mASCs) in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mouse adipose stem cells were isolated from subcutaneous fat pads and induced into the osteogenic lineage. Effects of quercetin on cell proliferation were assessed using MTT assay. Then they were treated by quercetin for 3, 7 and 11 days in a range of concentrations. Finally, effects of quercetin on osteogenic differentiation of mASCs were analysed by real-time PCR. RESULTS Data of MTT assay showed that quercetin did not enhance mASC proliferation in a dose-dependent or time-dependent manner. Results of qPCR indicated that quercetin promoted expressions of Osx, Runx2, BMP-2, Col-1, OPN and OCN at the mRNA level in the presence of osteo-induction medium. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that quercetin was not active in terms of enhancing mASCs proliferation; however, it increased osteogenesis of mASCs by up-regulation of genes including Osx, Runx2, BMP-2, Col-1, OPN and OCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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20
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Zhou C, Cai X, Grottkau BE, Lin Y. BMP4 promotes vascularization of human adipose stromal cells and endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. Cell Prolif 2014; 46:695-704. [PMID: 24460721 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vascularization is a major obstacle to clinical application of regenerative medicine. Engineered tissues must be able to generate an early vascular network that can quickly connect with the host vasculature. Recent research demonstrates that natural adipose tissues contain abundant stromal cells, which can give rise to pericytes. In this study, we aimed to investigate the application of human adipose stromal cells (ASCs) to vascularization, and the function of BMP4 protein during vascularization. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunofluorescence staining for α-SMA and PDGFR-β were utilized to identify characteristics of ASCs/pericytes. They were then loaded into a collagen-fibronectin gel with endothelial cells to assess their vascularization ability, both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We showed that the ASCs expressed some of the essential markers of pericytes and they were able to promote vascularization with endothelial cells in 3D culture, both in vitro and in vivo. BMP4 protein further promoted this vascularization. CONCLUSION Adipose stromal cells promoted vascularization by endothelial cells and BMP4 protein further enhanced this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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