1
|
Cochran SJ, Acosta L, Divjan A, Lemons AR, Rundle AG, Miller RL, Sobek E, Green BJ, Perzanowski MS, Dannemiller KC. Fungal diversity in homes and asthma morbidity among school-age children in New York City. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117296. [PMID: 37806477 PMCID: PMC10842248 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma development has been inversely associated with exposure to fungal diversity. However, the influence of fungi on measures of asthma morbidity is not well understood. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to test the hypothesis that fungal diversity is inversely associated with neighborhood asthma prevalence and identify specific fungal species associated with asthma morbidity. METHODS Children aged 7-8 years (n = 347) living in higher (11-18%) and lower (3-9%) asthma prevalence neighborhoods were recruited within an asthma case-control study. Fungal communities were analyzed from floor dust using high-throughput DNA sequencing. A subset of asthmatic children (n = 140) was followed to age 10-11 to determine asthma persistence. RESULTS Neighborhood asthma prevalence was inversely associated with fungal species richness (P = 0.010) and Shannon diversity (P = 0.059). Associations between neighborhood asthma prevalence and diversity indices were driven by differences in building type and presence of bedroom carpet. Among children with asthma at age 7-8 years, Shannon fungal diversity was inversely associated with frequent asthma symptoms at that age (OR 0.57, P = 0.025) and with asthma persistence to age 10-11 (OR 0.48, P = 0.043). Analyses of individual fungal species did not show significant associations with asthma outcomes when adjusted for false discovery rates. DISCUSSION Lower fungal diversity was associated with asthma symptoms in this urban setting. Individual fungal species associated with asthma morbidity were not detected. Further research is warranted into building type, carpeting, and other environmental characteristics which influence fungal exposures in homes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Cochran
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Luis Acosta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Adnan Divjan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Angela R Lemons
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, 10032, NY, USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, 10029, NY, USA
| | - Edward Sobek
- Assured Bio Laboratories, Oak Ridge, TN, 37830, USA
| | - Brett J Green
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Karen C Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA; Sustainability Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rush RE, Dannemiller KC, Cochran SJ, Haines SR, Acosta L, Divjan A, Rundle AG, Miller RL, Perzanowski MS, Croston TL, Green BJ. Vishniacozyma victoriae (syn. Cryptococcus victoriae) in the homes of asthmatic and non-asthmatic children in New York City. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 32:48-59. [PMID: 34091598 PMCID: PMC10032026 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indoor environments contain a broad diversity of non-pathogenic Basidiomycota yeasts, but their role in exacerbating adverse health effects has remained unclear. OBJECTIVE To understand the role of Vishniacozyma victoriae exposure and its impact on human health. METHODS A qPCR assay was developed to detect and quantify an abundant indoor yeast species, Vishniacozyma victoriae (syn. Cryptococcus victoriae), from homes participating in the New York City Neighborhood Asthma and Allergy Study (NAAS). We evaluated the associations between V. victoriae, housing characteristics, and asthma relevant health endpoints. RESULTS V. victoriae was quantified in 236 of the 256 bedroom floor dust samples ranging from less than 300-45,918 cell equivalents/mg of dust. Higher concentrations of V. victoriae were significantly associated with carpeted bedroom floors (P = 0.044), mean specific humidity (P = 0.004), winter (P < 0.0001) and spring (P = 0.001) seasons, and the presence of dog (P = 0.010) and dog allergen Can f 1 (P = 0.027). V. victoriae concentrations were lower in homes of children with asthma vs. without asthma (P = 0.027), an association observed only among the non-seroatopic children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachael E Rush
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Karen C Dannemiller
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Samuel J Cochran
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sarah R Haines
- Department of Civil, Environmental & Geodetic Engineering, College of Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Luis Acosta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adnan Divjan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tara L Croston
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Brett J Green
- Office of the Director, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang L, He MZ, Gibson EA, Perera F, Lovasi GS, Clougherty JE, Carrión D, Burke K, Fry D, Kioumourtzoglou MA. Evaluating the Impact of the Clean Heat Program on Air Pollution Levels in New York City. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:127701. [PMID: 34878319 PMCID: PMC8653771 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lyuou Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mike Z. He
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Gibson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Frederica Perera
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gina S. Lovasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jane E. Clougherty
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel Carrión
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kimberly Burke
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dustin Fry
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marianthi-Anna Kioumourtzoglou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jung KH, Goodwin KE, Perzanowski MS, Chillrud SN, Perera FP, Miller RL, Lovinsky-Desir S. Personal Exposure to Black Carbon at School and Levels of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide in New York City. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:97005. [PMID: 34495741 PMCID: PMC8425518 DOI: 10.1289/ehp8985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schools are often located near traffic sources, leading to high levels of exposure to traffic-related air pollutants, including black carbon (BC). Thus, the school environment could play in a significant role in the adverse respiratory health of children. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to determine associations between personal BC levels at school and airway inflammation [i.e., fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO)] in school-age children. We hypothesized that higher school BC (SBC) would be associated with higher FeNO. METHODS Children 9-14 years of age in New York City (NYC) (n=114) wore BC monitors for two 24-h periods over a 6-d sampling period, repeated 6 months later. SBC was defined as the average personal BC concentrations measured during NYC school hours (i.e., 0830-1430 hours). FeNO was measured following each 24-h BC monitoring period. Multivariable linear regression in generalized estimating equation models were used to examine associations between SBC and FeNO. Results are presented as percentage difference (PD) in FeNO. RESULTS Personal BC at school was associated with higher FeNO (PD=7.47% higher FeNO per 1-μg/m3 BC (95% CI: 1.31, 13.9), p=0.02]. Compared with BC exposure during school, a smaller PD in FeNO was observed in association with BC exposure while commuting to and from school [PD=6.82% (95% CI: 0.70, 13.3), p=0.03]. Personal BC in non-school environments and residential BC were not associated with FeNO (p>0.05). A significant association between personal BC at school and FeNO was observed among children with seroatopy who did not have asthma [PD=21.5% (95% CI: 4.81, 40.9), p=0.01]. DISCUSSION Schools may be important sources of BC exposure that contribute to airway inflammation in school-age children. Our results provide rationale for interventions that target improved air quality in urban schools and classrooms. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8985.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hwa Jung
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kathleen E. Goodwin
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew S. Perzanowski
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Steven N. Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Frederica P. Perera
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rachel L. Miller
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gould CF, Schlesinger SB, Molina E, Lorena Bejarano M, Valarezo A, Jack DW. Long-standing LPG subsidies, cooking fuel stacking, and personal exposure to air pollution in rural and peri-urban Ecuador. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2020; 30:707-720. [PMID: 32415299 PMCID: PMC7316622 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-020-0231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ecuador presents a unique case study for evaluating personal air pollution exposure in a middle-income country where a clean cooking fuel has been available at low cost for several decades. We measured personal PM2.5 exposure, stove use, and participant location during a 48-h monitoring period for 157 rural and peri-urban households in coastal and Andean Ecuador. While nearly all households owned a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove and used it as their primary cooking fuel, one-quarter of households utilized firewood as a secondary fuel and 10% used induction stoves secondary to LPG. Stove use monitoring demonstrated clear within- and across-meal fuel stacking patterns. Firewood-owning participants had higher distributions of 48-h and 10-min PM2.5 exposure as compared with primary LPG and induction stove users, and this effect became more pronounced with firewood use during monitoring.Accounting for within-subject clustering, contemporaneous firewood stove use was associated with 101 μg/m3 higher 10-min PM2.5 exposure (95% CI: 94-108 μg/m3). LPG and induction cooking events were largely not associated with contemporaneous PM2.5 exposure. Our results suggest that firewood use is associated with average and short-term personal air pollution exposure above the WHO interim-I guideline, even when LPG is the primary cooking fuel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F Gould
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Emilio Molina
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - M Lorena Bejarano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alfredo Valarezo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Darby W Jack
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen X, Han Y, Chen W, Wang Y, Qiu X, Li W, Hu M, Wu Y, Wang Q, Zhang H, Zhu T. Respiratory Inflammation and Short-Term Ambient Air Pollution Exposures in Adult Beijing Residents with and without Prediabetes: A Panel Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:67004. [PMID: 32484751 PMCID: PMC7263737 DOI: 10.1289/ehp4906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that individuals with glucose metabolism disorders are susceptible to mortality associated with fine particles. However, the mechanisms remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVES We examined whether particle-associated respiratory inflammation differed between individuals with prediabetes and healthy control participants. METHODS Based on a panel study [A prospective Study COmparing the cardiometabolic and respiratory effects of air Pollution Exposure on healthy and prediabetic individuals (SCOPE)] conducted in Beijing between August 2013 and February 2015, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was measured from 112 participants at two to seven visits to indicate respiratory inflammation. Particulate pollutants-including particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5μm (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), ultrafine particles (UFPs), and accumulated-mode particles-were monitored continuously at a single central monitoring site. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate associations between ln-FeNO with pollutant concentrations at individual 1-h lags (up to 24 h) and with average concentrations at 8 and 24 h before the clinical visit. We evaluated glucose metabolism disorders as a potential modifier by comparing associations between participants with high vs. low average fasting blood glucose (FBG) and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels. RESULTS FeNO was positively associated with all pollutants, with the strongest associations for an interquartile range increase in 1-h lagged exposures (ranging from 21.3% for PM2.5 to 74.7% for BC). Associations differed significantly according to average HOMA-IR values when lagged 6-18 h for PM2.5, 15-19 h for BC, and 6-15 h for UFPs, with positive associations among those with HOMA-IR≥1.6 while associations were closer to the null or inverse among those with HOMA-IR<1.6. Associations between PM2.5 and FeNO were consistently higher among individuals with average FBG≥6.1 mmol/L vs. low FBG, with significant differences for multiple hourly lags. DISCUSSION Glucose metabolism disorders may aggravate respiratory inflammation following exposure to ambient particulate matter. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4906.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Hebei Xiongan Green-Research Inspection and Certification Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Institute of Building Research Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiqun Han
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wu Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwen Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiju Li
- Peking University Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Hu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yusheng Wu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanxiyue Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Conrad L, Perzanowski MS. The Role of Environmental Controls in Managing Asthma in Lower-Income Urban Communities. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2020; 57:391-402. [PMID: 30903438 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-019-08727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Children living in lower-income urban communities are at much greater risk of developing asthma, going to the emergency department for an asthma attack and being hospitalized for asthma than children living in upper- and middle-income communities. For many asthmatic children living in urban communities, especially those with greater morbidity, the allergic pathway is important in the etiology of the disease. The stages of developing allergic disease can be divided into the onset of allergic sensitization, development of allergic disease and subsequent exacerbations, and it is useful to consider the relevance of interventions at each of these stages. Indoor allergens and environmental exposures are a major contributor to allergic disease, particularly among lower socioeconomic status, urban, minority communities. These exposures include allergens, environmental tobacco smoke, combustion by-products, and mold, all of which can play an important role in asthma progression as well as morbidity. These exposures are often not found in isolation and thus these concomitant exposures need to be considered when conducting environmental interventions. There have been numerous studies looking at both primary and tertiary prevention strategies and the impact on allergic sensitization and asthma with varied results. While the outcomes of these studies have been mixed, what has emerged is the need for tertiary interventions to be targeted to the individual and to reduce all relevant exposures to which an asthmatic child is exposed and sensitized. In addition, effective intervention strategies must also consider other social determinants of asthma morbidity impacting low socioeconomic, urban communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Conrad
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, 11th floor, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chau-Etchepare F, Hoerger JL, Kuhn BT, Zeki AA, Haczku A, Louie S, Kenyon NJ, Davis CE, Schivo M. Viruses and non-allergen environmental triggers in asthma. J Investig Med 2019; 67:1029-1041. [PMID: 31352362 PMCID: PMC7428149 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2019-001000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex inflammatory disease with many triggers. The best understood asthma inflammatory pathways involve signals characterized by peripheral eosinophilia and elevated immunoglobulin E levels (called T2-high or allergic asthma), though other asthma phenotypes exist (eg, T2-low or non-allergic asthma, eosinophilic or neutrophilic-predominant). Common triggers that lead to poor asthma control and exacerbations include respiratory viruses, aeroallergens, house dust, molds, and other organic and inorganic substances. Increasingly recognized non-allergen triggers include tobacco smoke, small particulate matter (eg, PM2.5), and volatile organic compounds. The interaction between respiratory viruses and non-allergen asthma triggers is not well understood, though it is likely a connection exists which may lead to asthma development and/or exacerbations. In this paper we describe common respiratory viruses and non-allergen triggers associated with asthma. In addition, we aim to show the possible interactions, and potential synergy, between viruses and non-allergen triggers. Finally, we introduce a new clinical approach that collects exhaled breath condensates to identify metabolomics associated with viruses and non-allergen triggers that may promote the early management of asthma symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Chau-Etchepare
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Joshua L Hoerger
- Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Brooks T Kuhn
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Amir A Zeki
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
- Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Angela Haczku
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
- Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Samuel Louie
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Nicholas J Kenyon
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
- Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Cristina E Davis
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Michael Schivo
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
- Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Paunescu AC, Casas M, Ferrero A, Pañella P, Bougas N, Beydon N, Just J, Lezmi G, Sunyer J, Ballester F, Momas I. Associations of black carbon with lung function and airway inflammation in schoolchildren. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 131:104984. [PMID: 31301585 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the 24-hour respiratory health effects of personal black carbon (BC) and ultrafine particles (UFP) exposure in schoolchildren. The objective of this study was to investigate these associations with the lung function in children 10-years old with and without persistent respiratory symptoms. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in 305 children (147 and 158 with and without persistent respiratory symptoms, respectively) from three European birth-cohorts: PARIS (France) and INMA Sabadell and Valencia (Spain). Personal 24-hour measurements of exposure concentrations to BC and UFP were performed by portable devices, before lung function testing. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were determined. RESULTS There was no association of UFP with lung function parameters or FeNO whereas the increase in 24-hour BC exposure concentrations was related to a statistically significant decrease in lung function parameters only among children with persistent respiratory symptoms [-96.8 mL (95% Confidence Interval CI: -184.4 to -9.1 mL) in FVC, and -107.2 mL (95% CI: -177.5 to -36.9 mL) in FEV1 for an inter-quartile range of 1160 ng/m3 exposure increase]. A significant positive association between BC and FeNO was observed only in children with persistent respiratory symptoms with current wheezing and/or medication to improve breathing [FeNO increases with +6.9 ppb (95% CI: 0.7 to 13.1 ppb) with an inter-quartile range BC exposure increase]. CONCLUSION Children suffering from persistent respiratory symptoms appear to be more vulnerable to BC exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maribel Casas
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Amparo Ferrero
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Spain
| | - Pau Pañella
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Nicolas Bougas
- Inserm U1153-CRESS HERA Team, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, France
| | - Nicole Beydon
- Unité Fonctionnelle de Physiologie - Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, AP-HP, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Jocelyne Just
- Service d'Allergologie Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Lezmi
- Service de Pneumologie et d'Allergologie Pédiatriques, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Ferran Ballester
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Spain; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, Spain; School of Nursing, University of Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabelle Momas
- Inserm U1153-CRESS HERA Team, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes, France; Ville de Paris, Direction de l'Action Sociale, de l'Enfance et de la Santé, Cellule Cohorte PARIS, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Caplin A, Ghandehari M, Lim C, Glimcher P, Thurston G. Advancing environmental exposure assessment science to benefit society. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1236. [PMID: 30874557 PMCID: PMC6420629 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Awareness of the human health impacts of exposure to air pollution is growing rapidly. For example, it has become evident that the adverse health effects of air pollution are more pronounced in disadvantaged populations. Policymakers in many jurisdictions have responded to this evidence by enacting initiatives that lead to lower concentrations of air pollutants, such as urban traffic restrictions. In this review, we focus on the interplay between advances in environmental exposure assessment and developments in policy. We highlight recent progress in the granular measurement of air pollutants and individual-level exposures, and how this has enabled focused local policy actions. Finally, we detail an illustrative study designed to link individual-level health-relevant exposures with economic, behavioral, biological, familial, and environmental variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Caplin
- School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Economics, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Masoud Ghandehari
- Tandon School of Engineering, Department of Urban Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Chris Lim
- NYU School of Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Glimcher
- School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Economics, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - George Thurston
- NYU School of Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Arnetz BB, Arnetz J, Harkema JR, Morishita M, Slonager K, Sudan S, Jamil H. Neighborhood air pollution and household environmental health as it relates to respiratory health and healthcare utilization among elderly persons with asthma. J Asthma 2019; 57:28-39. [PMID: 30810414 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2018.1545856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The study investigated the associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5; <2.5 μm in diameter), indoor environment, pulmonary function, and healthcare utilization in a vulnerable group of elderly persons with asthma. We hypothesized that environmental conditions were associated with adverse pulmonary health outcomes. Methods: The study involved elderly (n = 76; mean age 64.6 years; 48 women) vulnerable persons in Detroit, Michigan, USA, with physician-diagnosed asthma. Exposure variables included measured outdoor PM2.5, self-rated outdoor and household environmental pollutants. Outcome variables were self-rated and measured pulmonary function, and asthma-related healthcare utilization. Results: Mean ambient PM2.5 concentrations during the study was 14.14 ± (S.D. 6.36) µg/m3 during the summer and 14.20 (6.33) during the winter (p = 0.95). In multiple regression analyses, adjusting for age and gender, mean 6-month concentration of PM2.5 was related to shortness of breath (SHOB; standardized β = 0.26, p = 0.02) and inversely with self-rated respiratory health (SRRH; β = 0.28, p = 0.02). However, PM2.5 did not predict lung function (FEV1% predicted and FEV1/FVC). However, PM2.5 was related to use of asthma controller drugs (β = 0.38, p = 0.001). Participants' air pollution ratings predicted total healthcare utilization (β = 0.33, p = 0.01). Conclusions: In elderly persons with asthma, living near heavy industry and busy highways, objective and perceived environmental pollution relate to participants' respiratory health and healthcare utilization. Importantly, air pollution might increase use of asthma controller drugs containing corticosteroids with implication for elderly persons' risk to develop osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bengt B Arnetz
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA.,Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Judy Arnetz
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA.,Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jack R Harkema
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Masako Morishita
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Kathleen Slonager
- Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America, Michigan Chapter, Franklin, MI, USA
| | - Sukhesh Sudan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Hikmet Jamil
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guilbert A, De Cremer K, Heene B, Demoury C, Aerts R, Declerck P, Brasseur O, Van Nieuwenhuyse A. Personal exposure to traffic-related air pollutants and relationships with respiratory symptoms and oxidative stress: A pilot cross-sectional study among urban green space workers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 649:620-628. [PMID: 30176473 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with various adverse health effects including respiratory, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Exposure data for some specific pollutants and settings are however still insufficient and mechanisms underlying negative health outcomes are not fully elucidated. This pilot study aimed to assess individual exposure to three traffic-related air pollutants, black carbon (BC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and benzene, and the relationship with respiratory and oxidative stress outcomes in a cross-sectional sample of 48 green space workers in Brussels, Belgium. Participants were followed during four consecutive working days in 2016-2017 during which their individual exposure to BC, PAHs, benzene and more generally air pollution was measured using aethalometers, urinary biomarkers (1-hydroxypyrene, 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, S-phenylmercapturic acid) and questionnaires. Data on respiratory health and oxidative stress were collected using questionnaires and respiratory/urinary biomarkers (exhaled nitric oxide [NO], 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine [8-OHdG]). Associations between exposure and health outcomes were investigated using comparison tests and linear regression models, after stratification by present-day smoking status. Spatial variation in BC exposure was high, with concentrations varying between 0.26 and 5.69 μg/m3. The highest levels were recorded during transport and, to a lesser extent, in green spaces located in the vicinity of roads with high traffic intensity. Concentrations of PAHs and benzene biomarkers did not systematically exceed the limits of detection. Among smokers, respiratory inflammation increased linearly with exposure to BC measured over the four days of follow-up (β = 8.73, 95% CI: 4.04, 13.41). Among non-smokers, oxidative stress increased linearly with BC measured on the fourth day (β = 2.88, 95% CI: 1.52, 4.24). Despite some limitations, this work supports the hypothesis that BC induces respiratory inflammation and oxidative stress. It also highlights the value of this compound as well as exhaled NO and urinary 8-OHdG biomarkers to detect early/mild effects of air pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Guilbert
- Unit Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsman 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Koen De Cremer
- Unit Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsman 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Billie Heene
- SST/ELI/ELIE-Environmental Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.16, 1348 Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Claire Demoury
- Unit Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsman 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Raf Aerts
- Unit Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsman 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Division Forest, Nature and Landscape, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Celestijnenlaan 200E-2411, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Priscilla Declerck
- Laboratory and Air Quality Department, Brussels Environment, Avenue du Port 86c-3000, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Olivier Brasseur
- Laboratory and Air Quality Department, Brussels Environment, Avenue du Port 86c-3000, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - An Van Nieuwenhuyse
- Unit Health Impact Assessment, Sciensano, Rue Juliette Wytsman 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Kapucijnenvoer 35D-7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Health Protection, Laboratoire National de Santé (LNS), Rue Louis Rech 1, L-3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lovinsky-Desir S, Acosta LM, Rundle AG, Miller RL, Goldstein IF, Jacobson JS, Chillrud SN, Perzanowski MS. Air pollution, urgent asthma medical visits and the modifying effect of neighborhood asthma prevalence. Pediatr Res 2019; 85:36-42. [PMID: 30337671 PMCID: PMC6353679 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-018-0189-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social and environmental stressors may modify associations between environmental pollutants and asthma symptoms. We examined if neighborhood asthma prevalence (higher: HAPN vs. lower: LAPN), a surrogate for underlying risk factors for asthma, modified the relationship between pollutants and urgent asthma visits. METHODS Through zip code, home addresses were linked to New York City Community Air Survey's land use regression model for street-level, annual average nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM2.5), elemental carbon (EC), summer average ozone (O3), winter average sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations. Poisson regression models were fit to estimate the association (prevalence ratio, PR) between pollutant exposures and seeking urgent asthma care. RESULTS All pollutants, except O3 were higher in HAPN than LAPN (P < 0.01). Neighborhood asthma prevalence modified the relationship between pollutants and urgent asthma (P-interaction < 0.01, for NO2 and SO3). Associations between pollutants and urgent asthma were observed only in LAPN (NO2: PR = 1.38, P = 0.01; SO3: PR = 1.85, P = 0.04). No association was observed between pollutants and urgent asthma among children in HAPN (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Relationships between modeled street-level pollutants and urgent asthma were stronger in LAPN compared to HAPN. Social stressors that may be more prevalent in HAPN than LAPN, could play a greater role in asthma exacerbations in HAPN vs. pollutant exposure alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Luis M Acosta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Inge F Goldstein
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith S Jacobson
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven N Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gould CF, Chillrud SN, Phillips D, Perzanowski MS, Hernández D. Soot and the city: Evaluating the impacts of Clean Heat policies on indoor/outdoor air quality in New York City apartments. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199783. [PMID: 29953529 PMCID: PMC6023219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
New York City has had a long history of implementing local policies to reduce air pollution. Enacted as a part of PlaNYC, the Clean Heat policies aim to lower wintertime ambient air pollution by phasing out dirty No. 6 heating fuel oil and transitioning to comparatively cleaner No. 4, No. 2, or natural gas. This study evaluates the impacts of policies on ambient air pollution and, given that people spend the majority of their time inside, importantly, indoor air pollution. Using a natural experiment, we evaluate the effects of the policies by measuring average two-week levels of indoor and outdoor black carbon (BC) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in 48 upper Manhattan apartments in successive winter heating seasons before and after mandated fuel transition. We failed to observe systematic improvements in indoor BC and PM2.5 concentrations in follow-up. However, outdoor levels of PM2.5 did improve, with statistical differences observed among buildings converting to the cleanest fuels. Non-statistical improvements were observed for outdoor BC. However, when accounting for meteorological differences, apartment characteristics, and behavioral patterns that may have influenced air pollution measurements, these differences were not significant. The study results have important policy and equity implications considering the differential improvements in air quality by conversion to No. 4 oil as compared to the cleaner No. 2 oil and natural gas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F. Gould
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Steven N. Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Columbia Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, United States of America
| | - Douglas Phillips
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Matthew S. Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Diana Hernández
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health of Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Soffer N, Green BJ, Acosta L, Divjan A, Sobek E, Lemons AR, Rundle AG, Jacobson JS, Goldstein IF, Miller RL, Perzanowski MS. Alternaria is associated with asthma symptoms and exhaled NO among NYC children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:1366-1368.e10. [PMID: 29964057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nitzan Soffer
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Brett J Green
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WVa
| | - Luis Acosta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Adnan Divjan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | | | - Angela R Lemons
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WVa
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Judith S Jacobson
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Inge F Goldstein
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Xu H, Guinot B, Ho SSH, Li Y, Cao J, Shen Z, Niu X, Zhao Z, Liu S, Lei Y, Zhang Q, Sun J. Evaluation on exposures to particulate matter at a junior secondary school: a comprehensive study on health risks and effective inflammatory responses in Northwestern China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2018; 40:849-863. [PMID: 29019007 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-017-0030-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Air pollutant measurement and respiratory inflammatory tests were conducted at a junior secondary school in Xi'an, Northwestern China. Hazardous substances including particulate matters (PMs), black carbon (BC) and particle-bounded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were quantified both indoors and outdoors of the school. Source characterization with organic tracers and particle-size distribution demonstrated that the school's air was mostly polluted by combustion emissions from the surrounding environment. The evaluation of health assessment related to air quality was conducted by two methods, including potential risk estimation of air pollutants and direct respiratory inflammatory test. The incremental lifetime cancer risks associated with PAHs were estimated and were 1.62 × 10-6 and 2.34 × 10-6, respectively, for indoor and outdoor fine PMs. Both the values exceeded the threshold value of 1 × 10-6, demonstrating that the carcinogenic PAHs are a health threat to the students. Respiratory inflammatory responses of 50 students who studied in the sample classroom were examined with a fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) test, with the aid of health questionnaires. The average FeNO concentration was 17.4 ± 8.5 ppb, which was slightly lower than the recommended level of 20 ppb established by the American Thoracic Society for children. However, a wide distribution and 6% of the values were > 35 ppb, suggesting that the potentials were still high for eosinophilic inflammation and responsiveness to corticosteroids. A preliminary interpretation of the relationship between air toxins and respiratory inflammatory response demonstrated the high exposure cancer risks and inflammatory responses of the students to PMs in the city.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Xu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Benjamin Guinot
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Steven Sai Hang Ho
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China.
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, 89512, USA.
| | - Yaqi Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junji Cao
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China.
| | - Zhenxing Shen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinyi Niu
- School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuohui Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suixin Liu
- Key Lab of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| | - Yali Lei
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gaspar FW, Maddalena R, Williams J, Castorina R, Wang ZM, Kumagai K, McKone TE, Bradman A. Ultrafine, fine, and black carbon particle concentrations in California child-care facilities. INDOOR AIR 2018; 28:102-111. [PMID: 28741740 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although many U.S. children spend time in child care, little information exists on exposures to airborne particulate matter (PM) in this environment, even though PM may be associated with asthma and other respiratory illness, which is a key concern for young children. To address this data gap, we measured ultrafine particles (UFP), PM2.5 , PM10 , and black carbon in 40 California child-care facilities and examined associations with potential determinants. We also tested a low-cost optical particle measuring device (Dylos monitor). Median (interquartile range) concentrations for indoor UFP, gravimetric PM2.5 , real-time PM2.5 , gravimetric PM10 , and black carbon over the course of a child-care day were 14 000 (11 000-29 000) particles/cm3 , 15 (9.6-21) μg/m3 , 15 (11-23) μg/m3 , 48 (33-73) μg/m3 , and 0.43 (0.25-0.65) ng/m3 , respectively. Indoor black carbon concentrations were inversely associated with air exchange rate (Spearman's rho = -.36) and positively associated with the sum of all Gaussian-adjusted traffic volume within a one-kilometer radius (Spearman's rho = .45) (P-values <.05). Finally, the Dylos may be a valid low-cost alternative to monitor PM levels indoors in future studies. Overall, results indicate the need for additional studies examining particle levels, potential health risks, and mitigation strategies in child-care facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F W Gaspar
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - R Maddalena
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J Williams
- Research Division, California Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - R Castorina
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Z-M Wang
- Environmental Health Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - K Kumagai
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Environmental Health Laboratory, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - T E McKone
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - A Bradman
- Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lovinsky-Desir S, Jung KH, Jezioro JR, Torrone DZ, de Planell-Saguer M, Yan B, Perera FP, Rundle AG, Perzanowski MS, Chillrud SN, Miller RL. Physical activity, black carbon exposure, and DNA methylation in the FOXP3 promoter. Clin Epigenetics 2017. [PMID: 28630656 PMCID: PMC5470266 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0364-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity is associated with improvement in lung function; however, pollution exposure during physical activity can lead to a transient reduction in lung function. This paradoxical relationship may be linked to altered T regulatory (Treg) cell activity, which increases with exercise and suppresses airway inflammation, but decreases in association with exposure to air pollution. To clarify these relationships, we investigated buccal cell DNA methylation of the forkhead box p3 (FOXP3) gene promoter, a proposed biomarker of Treg activity. We hypothesized that active urban children would have lower FOXP3 promoter methylation, associated with better lung function compared to non-active children. We also hypothesized that this relationship would be attenuated by high exposure to the air pollutant black carbon (BC). Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of 135 children ages 9–14 who live in New York City. Activity was measured across 6 days. BC exposure was assessed by personal monitors worn for two 24-h periods, followed by lung function assessment. Buccal swabs were collected for DNA methylation analysis of three regions (six CpG sites) in the FOXP3 promoter. Results In multivariable regression models, overall, there was no significant relationship between physical activity and FOXP3 promoter methylation (p > 0.05). However, in stratified analyses, among children with higher BC exposure (≥1200 ng/m3), physical activity was associated with 2.37% lower methylation in promoter 2 (CpGs −77, −65, and −58) (βestimate = −2.37%, p < 0.01) but not among those with lower BC exposure (βestimate = 0.54%, p > 0.05). Differences across strata were statistically significant (pinteraction = 0.04). Among all children, after controlling for BC concentration, promoter 2 methylation was associated with reduced FEV1/FVC (βestimate = −0.40%, p < 0.01) and reduced FEF25–75% (βestimate = −1.46%, p < 0.01). Conclusions Physical activity in urban children appeared associated with lower FOXP3 promoter methylation, a possible indicator of greater Treg function, under conditions of high BC exposure. Reduced FOXP3 promoter methylation was associated with higher lung function. These findings suggest that physical activity may induce immunologic benefits, particularly for urban children with greater risk of impaired lung function due to exposure to higher air pollution. FOXP3 promoter buccal cell methylation may function as a useful biomarker of that benefit. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-017-0364-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 3959 Broadway CHC-745, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Kyung Hwa Jung
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Jacqueline R Jezioro
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - David Z Torrone
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | | | - Beizhan Yan
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Rt, 9 W Palisades, New York, 10964 NY USA
| | - Frederica P Perera
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168 St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168 St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168 St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Steven N Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Rt, 9 W Palisades, New York, 10964 NY USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St, New York, NY 10032 USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168 St, New York, NY 10032 USA.,Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St, New York, NY 10032 USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jung KH, Lovinsky-Desir S, Yan B, Torrone D, Lawrence J, Jezioro JR, Perzanowski M, Perera FP, Chillrud SN, Miller RL. Effect of personal exposure to black carbon on changes in allergic asthma gene methylation measured 5 days later in urban children: importance of allergic sensitization. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:61. [PMID: 28588744 PMCID: PMC5457544 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Asthma gene DNA methylation may underlie the effects of air pollution on airway inflammation. However, the temporality and individual susceptibility to environmental epigenetic regulation of asthma has not been fully elucidated. Our objective was to determine the timeline of black carbon (BC) exposure, measured by personal sampling, on DNA methylation of allergic asthma genes 5 days later to capture usual weather variations and differences related to changes in behavior and activities. We also sought to determine how methylation may vary by seroatopy and cockroach sensitization and by elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Methods Personal BC levels were measured during two 24-h periods over a 6-day sampling period in 163 New York City children (age 9–14 years), repeated 6 months later. During home visits, buccal cells were collected as noninvasive surrogates for lower airway epithelial cells and FeNO measured as an indicator of airway inflammation. CpG promoter loci of allergic asthma genes (e.g., interleukin 4 (IL4), interferon gamma (IFNγ), inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2A)), arginase 2 (ARG2)) were pyrosequenced at the start and end of each sampling period. Results Higher levels of BC were associated with lower methylation of IL4 promoter CpG−48 5 days later. The magnitude of association between BC exposure and demethylation of IL4 CpG−48 and NOS2A CpG+5099 measured 5 days later appeared to be greater among seroatopic children, especially those sensitized to cockroach allergens (RR [95% CI] 0.55 [0.37–0.82] and 0.67 [0.45–0.98] for IL4 CpG−48 and NOS2A CpG+5099, respectively), compared to non-sensitized children (RR [95% CI] 0.87 [0.65–1.17] and 0.95 [0.69–1.33] for IL4 CpG−48 and NOS2A CpG+5099, respectively); however, the difference was not statistically different. In multivariable linear regression models, lower DNA methylation of IL4 CpG−48 and NOS2A CpG+5099 were associated with increased FeNO. Conclusions Our results suggest that exposure to BC may exert asthma proinflammatory gene demethylation 5 days later that in turn may link to airway inflammation. Our results further suggest that seroatopic children, especially those sensitized to cockroach allergens, may be more susceptible to the effect of acute BC exposure on epigenetic changes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-017-0361-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hwa Jung
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Beizhan Yan
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Rt, 9 W Palisades, New York, 10964 USA
| | - David Torrone
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Jennifer Lawrence
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Jacqueline R Jezioro
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Matthew Perzanowski
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722 W. 168 St., New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Frederica P Perera
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722 W. 168 St., New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Steven N Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Rt, 9 W Palisades, New York, 10964 USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY 10032 USA.,Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722 W. 168 St., New York, NY 10032 USA.,Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY 10032 USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jung KH, Torrone D, Lovinsky-Desir S, Perzanowski M, Bautista J, Jezioro JR, Hoepner L, Ross J, Perera FP, Chillrud SN, Miller RL. Short-term exposure to PM 2.5 and vanadium and changes in asthma gene DNA methylation and lung function decrements among urban children. Respir Res 2017; 18:63. [PMID: 28424066 PMCID: PMC5397738 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Both short and long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollutants have been associated with asthma and reduced lung function. We hypothesized that short-term indoor exposure to fine particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and vanadium (V) would be associated with altered buccal cell DNA methylation of targeted asthma genes and decreased lung function among urban children in a nested subcohort of African American and Dominican children. Methods Six day integrated levels of air pollutants were measured from children’s homes (age 9–14; n = 163), repeated 6 months later (n = 98). Buccal samples were collected repeatedly during visits. CpG promoter loci of asthma genes (i.e., interleukin 4 (IL4), interferon gamma (IFNγ), inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2A), arginase 2 (ARG2)) were pyrosequenced and lung function was assessed. Results Exposure to V, but not PM2.5, was associated with lower DNA methylation of IL4 and IFNγ. In exploratory analyses, V levels were associated with lower methylation of the proinflammatory NOS2A-CpG+5099 among asthmatic overweight or obese children but not nonasthmatics. Short-term exposure to PM2.5, but not V, appeared associated with lower lung function (i.e., reduced z-scores for forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1, FEV1/ forced vital capacity [FEV1/FVC] and forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of FVC [FEF25–75]). Conclusions Exposure to V was associated with altered DNA methylation of allergic and proinflammatory asthma genes implicated in air pollution related asthma. However, short-term exposure to PM2.5, but not V, appeared associated with decrements in lung function among urban children. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-017-0550-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hwa Jung
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - David Torrone
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Matthew Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168 St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Joshua Bautista
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jacqueline R Jezioro
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Lori Hoepner
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168 St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jamie Ross
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Rt, 9 W Palisades, New York, 10964, USA
| | - Frederica P Perera
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168 St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Steven N Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Rt, 9 W Palisades, New York, 10964, USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168 St., New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Outdoor Environment and Pediatric Asthma: An Update on the Evidence from North America. Can Respir J 2017; 2017:8921917. [PMID: 28239256 PMCID: PMC5292365 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8921917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. The evidence about the association between asthma and outdoor environmental factors has been inadequate for certain allergens. Even less is known about how these associations vary across seasons and climate regions. We reviewed recent literature from North America for research related to outdoor environmental factors and pediatric asthma, with attention to spatial-temporal variations of these associations. Method. We included indexed literature between years 2010 and 2015 on outdoor environmental factors and pediatric asthma, by searching PubMed. Results. Our search resulted in 33 manuscripts. Studies about the link between pediatric asthma and traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP) consistently confirmed the correlation between TRAP and asthma. For general air pollution, the roles of PM2.5 and CO were consistent across studies. The link between asthma and O3 varied across seasons. Regional variation exists in the role of SO2. The impact of pollen was consistent across seasons, whereas the role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon was less consistent. Discussion. Recent studies strengthened the evidence about the roles of PM2.5, TRAP, CO, and pollen in asthma, while the evidence for roles of PM10-2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in asthma was less consistent. Spatial-temporal details of the environment are needed in future studies of asthma and environment.
Collapse
|
22
|
Lovinsky-Desir S, Jung KH, Rundle AG, Hoepner LA, Bautista JB, Perera FP, Chillrud SN, Perzanowski MS, Miller RL. Physical activity, black carbon exposure and airway inflammation in an urban adolescent cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:756-762. [PMID: 27694044 PMCID: PMC5081133 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regular physical activity can improve cardiopulmonary health; however, increased respiratory rates and tidal volumes during activity may increase the effective internal dose of air pollution exposure. Our objective was to investigate the impact of black carbon (BC) measured by personal sampler on the relationship between physical activity and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), a marker of airway inflammation. We hypothesized that higher personal BC would attenuate the protective effect of physical activity on airway inflammation. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study nested in a birth cohort of African American and Dominican children living in the Bronx and Northern Manhattan, New York City. Children were recruited based on age (target 9-14 year olds) and presence (n=70) or absence (n=59) of current asthma. Children wore wrist mounted accelerometers for 6 days and were classified as 'active' if they had ≥60min of moderate-to-vigorous activity (MVA) each day and 'non-active' if they had <60min of MVA on any given day, based on CDC guidelines. Personal BC measured using a MicroAeth, was assessed during two 24-h periods, at the beginning and end of physical activity assessment. High BC was defined as the upper tertile of BC measured with personal sampler. FeNO measurements were sampled at the beginning and end of the of physical activity assessment. RESULTS In multivariable linear regression models, 'active' children had 25% higher personal BC concentrations (p=0.02) and 20% lower FeNO (p=0.04) compared to 'non-active' children. Among children with high personal BC (n=33), there was no relationship between activity and FeNO (p=1.00). The significant protective relationship between activity and airway inflammation was largely driven by children with lower personal BC (n=96, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Children that live in an urban environment and are physically active on a daily basis have higher personal exposure to BC. High BC offsets the protective relationship between physical activity and airway inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 3959 Broadway CHC-745, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Kyung Hwa Jung
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168S., New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168S., New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Lori A Hoepner
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168S., New York, NY 10032, United States; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, State University of New York, Downstate School of Public Health, Box 43, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, United States
| | - Joshua B Bautista
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168S., New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Frederica P Perera
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168S., New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Steven N Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Rt, 9W Palisades, New York 10964, United States
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168S., New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168S., New York, NY 10032, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168S., New York, NY 10032, United States; Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630 W. 168 St., New York, NY 10032, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Maikawa CL, Zimmerman N, Rais K, Shah M, Hawley B, Pant P, Jeong CH, Delgado-Saborit JM, Volckens J, Evans G, Wallace JS, Godri Pollitt KJ. Murine precision-cut lung slices exhibit acute responses following exposure to gasoline direct injection engine emissions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 568:1102-1109. [PMID: 27369091 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines are increasingly prevalent in the global vehicle fleet. Particulate matter emissions from GDI engines are elevated compared to conventional gasoline engines. The pulmonary effects of these higher particulate emissions are unclear. This study investigated the pulmonary responses induced by GDI engine exhaust using an ex vivo model. The physiochemical properties of GDI engine exhaust were assessed. Precision cut lung slices were prepared using Balb/c mice to evaluate the pulmonary response induced by one-hour exposure to engine-out exhaust from a laboratory GDI engine operated at conditions equivalent to vehicle highway cruise conditions. Lung slices were exposed at an air-liquid interface using an electrostatic aerosol in vitro exposure system. Particulate and gaseous exhaust was fractionated to contrast mRNA production related to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolism and oxidative stress. Exposure to GDI engine exhaust upregulated genes involved in PAH metabolism, including Cyp1a1 (2.71, SE=0.22), and Cyp1b1 (3.24, SE=0.12) compared to HEPA filtered air (p<0.05). GDI engine exhaust further increased Cyp1b1 expression compared to filtered GDI engine exhaust (i.e., gas fraction only), suggesting this response was associated with the particulate fraction. Exhaust particulate was dominated by high molecular weight PAHs. Hmox1, an oxidative stress marker, exhibited increased expression after exposure to GDI (1.63, SE=0.03) and filtered GDI (1.55, SE=0.04) engine exhaust compared to HEPA filtered air (p<0.05), likely attributable to a combination of the gas and particulate fractions. Exposure to GDI engine exhaust contributes to upregulation of genes related to the metabolism of PAHs and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin L Maikawa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA; Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Naomi Zimmerman
- Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada; Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Khaled Rais
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Mittal Shah
- Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences, University College London, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, London HA7 4LP, United Kingdom
| | - Brie Hawley
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Pallavi Pant
- Division of Environmental Health & Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Cheol-Heon Jeong
- Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Juana Maria Delgado-Saborit
- Division of Environmental Health & Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - John Volckens
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Greg Evans
- Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - James S Wallace
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Krystal J Godri Pollitt
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Maikawa CL, Weichenthal S, Wheeler AJ, Dobbin NA, Smargiassi A, Evans G, Liu L, Goldberg MS, Pollitt KJG. Particulate Oxidative Burden as a Predictor of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Children with Asthma. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:1616-1622. [PMID: 27152705 PMCID: PMC5047770 DOI: 10.1289/ehp175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies have provided strong evidence that fine particulate matter (PM2.5; aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) can exacerbate asthmatic symptoms in children. Pro-oxidant components of PM2.5 are capable of directly generating reactive oxygen species. Oxidative burden is used to describe the capacity of PM2.5 to generate reactive oxygen species in the lung. OBJECTIVE In this study we investigated the association between airway inflammation in asthmatic children and oxidative burden of PM2.5 personal exposure. METHODS Daily PM2.5 personal exposure samples (n = 249) of 62 asthmatic school-aged children in Montreal were collected over 10 consecutive days. The oxidative burden of PM2.5 samples was determined in vitro as the depletion of low-molecular-weight antioxidants (ascorbate and glutathione) from a synthetic model of the fluid lining the respiratory tract. Airway inflammation was measured daily as fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). RESULTS A positive association was identified between FeNO and glutathione-related oxidative burden exposure in the previous 24 hr (6.0% increase per interquartile range change in glutathione). Glutathione-related oxidative burden was further found to be positively associated with FeNO over 1-day lag and 2-day lag periods. Results further demonstrate that corticosteroid use may reduce the FeNO response to elevated glutathione-related oxidative burden exposure (no use, 15.8%; irregular use, 3.8%), whereas mold (22.1%), dust (10.6%), or fur (13.1%) allergies may increase FeNO in children with versus children without these allergies (11.5%). No association was found between PM2.5 mass or ascorbate-related oxidative burden and FeNO levels. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PM2.5 with elevated glutathione-related oxidative burden was associated with increased FeNO. CITATION Maikawa CL, Weichenthal S, Wheeler AJ, Dobbin NA, Smargiassi A, Evans G, Liu L, Goldberg MS, Godri Pollitt KJ. 2016. Particulate oxidative burden as a predictor of exhaled nitric oxide in children with asthma. Environ Health Perspect 124:1616-1622; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP175.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin L. Maikawa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott Weichenthal
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amanda J. Wheeler
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Nina A. Dobbin
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Audrey Smargiassi
- Département de santé environnementale et de santé au travail, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Institut National de Santé Publique du Québec, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Greg Evans
- Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ling Liu
- Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark S. Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Krystal J. Godri Pollitt
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
- Address correspondence to K.J. Godri Pollitt, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 149 Goessman Lab, 686 North Pleasant St., Amherst, MA 01003 USA. Telephone: 1 413 545 1778. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Godri Pollitt KJ, Maikawa CL, Wheeler AJ, Weichenthal S, Dobbin NA, Liu L, Goldberg MS. Trace metal exposure is associated with increased exhaled nitric oxide in asthmatic children. Environ Health 2016; 15:94. [PMID: 27586245 PMCID: PMC5009709 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-016-0173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with asthma experience increased susceptibility to airborne pollutants. Exposure to traffic and industrial activity have been positively associated with exacerbation of symptoms as well as emergency room visits and hospitalisations. The effect of trace metals contained in fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter 2.5 μm and lower, PM2.5) on acute health effects amongst asthmatic children has not been well investigated. The objective of this panel study in asthmatic children was to determine the association between personal daily exposure to ambient trace metals and airway inflammation, as measured by fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). METHODS Daily concentrations of trace metals contained on PM2.5 were determined from personal samples (n = 217) collected from 70 asthmatic school aged children in Montreal, Canada, over ten consecutive days. FeNO was measured daily using standard techniques. RESULTS A positive association was found between FeNO and children's exposure to an indicator of vehicular non-tailpipe emissions (8.9 % increase for an increase in the interquartile range (IQR) in barium, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 2.8, 15.4) as well as exposure to an indicator of industrial emissions (7.6 % increase per IQR increase in vanadium, 95 % CI: 0.1, 15.8). Elevated FeNO was also suggested for other metals on the day after the exposure: 10.3 % increase per IQR increase in aluminium (95 % CI: 4.2, 16.6) and 7.5 % increase per IQR increase in iron (95 % CI: 1.5, 13.9) at a 1-day lag period. CONCLUSIONS Exposures to ambient PM2.5 containing trace metals that are markers of traffic and industrial-derived emissions were associated in asthmatic children with an enhanced FeNO response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krystal J. Godri Pollitt
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 149D Goessman Lab, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Caitlin L. Maikawa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 149D Goessman Lab, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Amanda J. Wheeler
- Health Canada, Air Health Science Division, Ottawa, ON Canada
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 23, Hobart, TAS 7000 Australia
| | - Scott Weichenthal
- Health Canada, Air Health Science Division, Ottawa, ON Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Nina A. Dobbin
- Health Canada, Air Health Science Division, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Ling Liu
- Health Canada, Population Studies Division, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Mark S. Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chen X, Sun Y, Zhao Q, Song X, Huang W, Han Y, Shang J, Zhu T, Wu A, Luan S. Design and characterization of human exposure to generated sulfate and soot particles in a pilot chamber study. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2016; 66:366-376. [PMID: 26726796 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2015.1136712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A number of literatures have documented adverse health effects of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and secondary sulfate aerosol and black carbon may contribute to health impacts of PM2.5 exposure. We designed an exposure system to generate sulfate and traffic soot particles, and assessed the feasibility of using it for human exposure assessment in a pilot human exposure study. In the designed exposure system, average mass concentrations of generated sulfate and soot particles were 74.19 μg/m3 and 11.54 μg/m3 in the chamber and did not vary significantly during two-hour human exposure sessions. The size ranges of generated sulfate were largely between 20 to 200 nm, whereas those of generated soot particles were in the size ranges of 50 to 200 nm. Following two-hour exposure to generated sulfate and soot particles, we observed significant increases in fractional exhaled NO (FeNO) in young and health subjects. Building on established human exposure system and health response follow-up methods, future full-scale studies focusing on the effects of mixed particulates and individual PM2.5 components would provide data in understanding the underpinning cardio-respiratory outcomes in relation to air pollution mixture exposure. IMPLICATIONS Controlled exposure is a useful design to measure the biological responses repeatedly following particulate exposures of target components and set exposure at target levels of health concerns. Our study provides rational and establishes method for future full-scale studies to focus on examining the effects of mixed particulates and individual PM2.5 components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- a Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yitong Sun
- a Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhao
- a Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Song
- a Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- a Peking University School of Public Health, Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Han
- b College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shang
- b College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhu
- b College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University , Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Aihua Wu
- c Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen-HongKong Institution , Shenzhen , Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Shengji Luan
- c Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Peking University-Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen-HongKong Institution , Shenzhen , Guangdong Province , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Affiliation(s)
- Young Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Allergy Immunology Center, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hernández D. Clean Heat: A Technical Response to a Policy Innovation. CITYSCAPE (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2016; 18:277-282. [PMID: 29657663 PMCID: PMC5894495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
New York City clean heat policies were enacted to improve air quality, especially reducing exposure to black carbon, particulate matter and sulfur that are linked to environmental degradation and various health risks. This policy measure specifically called for the phase out of residual oil and adoption of cleaner burning fuel sources through boiler conversions in commercial and residential properties throughout the city. This paper describes the process of clean heat technology adoption within the innovative clean heat policy context demonstrating its thorough compliance and discussing implications for scalability in other urban settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Hernández
- Assistant Professor of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
De Prins S, Dons E, Van Poppel M, Int Panis L, Van de Mieroop E, Nelen V, Cox B, Nawrot TS, Teughels C, Schoeters G, Koppen G. Airway oxidative stress and inflammation markers in exhaled breath from children are linked with exposure to black carbon. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2014; 73:440-6. [PMID: 25244707 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study aimed at assessing the associations between black carbon (BC) exposure and markers for airway inflammation and oxidative stress in primary school children in a Western European urban area. METHODS In 130 children aged 6-12 years old, the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), exhaled breath condensate (EBC) pH, 8-isoprostane and interleukin (IL)-1β were measured in two seasons. BC concentrations on the sampling day (2-h average, 8:00-10:00 AM) and on the day before (24-h average) were assessed using measurements at a central monitoring site. Land use regression (LUR) models were applied to estimate weekly average BC exposure integrated for the time spent at home and at school, and seasonal average BC exposure at the home address. Associations between exposure and biomarkers were tested using linear mixed effect regression models. Next to single exposure models, models combining different BC exposure metrics were used. RESULTS In single exposure models, an interquartile range (IQR) increase in 2-h BC (3.10 μg/m(3)) was linked with a 5.9% (95% CI: 0.1 to 12.0%) increase in 8-isoprostane. FeNO increased by 16.7% (95% CI: 2.2 to 33.2%) per IQR increase in 24-h average BC (4.50 μg/m(3)) and by 12.1% (95% CI: 2.5 to 22.8%) per IQR increase in weekly BC (1.73 μg/m(3)). IL-1β was associated with weekly and seasonal (IQR=1.70 μg/m(3)) BC with respective changes of 38.4% (95% CI: 9.0 to 75.4%) and 61.8% (95% CI: 3.5 to 153.9%) per IQR increase in BC. An IQR increase in weekly BC was linked with a lowering in EBC pH of 0.05 (95% CI: -0.10 to -0.01). All associations were observed independent of sex, age, allergy status, parental education level and meteorological conditions on the sampling day. Most of the associations remained when different BC exposure metrics were combined in multiple exposure models, after additional correction for sampling period or after exclusion of children with airway allergies. In additional analyses, FeNO was linked with 24-h PM10 levels, but the effect size was smaller than for BC. 8-Isoprostane was not linked with either 2-h or 24-h concentrations of PM2.5 or PM10. CONCLUSION BC exposure on the morning of sampling was associated with airway oxidative stress while 24-h and weekly exposures were linked with airway inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofie De Prins
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium; Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Evi Dons
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Martine Van Poppel
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium.
| | - Luc Int Panis
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium; Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Wetenschapspark 5 Bus 6, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Els Van de Mieroop
- Environment and Health Unit, Provincial Institute of Hygiene, Kronenburgstraat 45, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Vera Nelen
- Environment and Health Unit, Provincial Institute of Hygiene, Kronenburgstraat 45, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Bianca Cox
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Gebouw D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Caroline Teughels
- Environment & Health, Flemish Government, Department of Environment, Nature and Energy, Koning Albert II-laan 20 Bus 8, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Greet Schoeters
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium; Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- Environmental Risk and Health Unit, VITO (Flemish Institute for Technological Research), Boeretang 200, B-2400 Mol, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rosa MJ, Yan B, Chillrud SN, Acosta LM, Divjan A, Jacobson JS, Miller RL, Goldstein IF, Perzanowski MS. Domestic airborne black carbon levels and 8-isoprostane in exhaled breath condensate among children in New York City. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 135:105-10. [PMID: 25262082 PMCID: PMC4346209 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to airborne black carbon (BC) has been associated with asthma development, respiratory symptoms and decrements in lung function. However, the mechanism through which BC may lead to respiratory symptoms has not been completely elucidated. Oxidative stress has been suggested as a potential mechanism through which BC might lead to adverse health outcomes. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) allows for the non-invasive collection of airway lining fluid containing biomarkers of oxidative stress like 8-isoprostane, a stable by-product of lipid peroxidation. Therefore, we sought to characterize the association between domestic airborne BC concentrations and 8-isoprostane in EBC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven- and eight-year-old children participated in an asthma case-control study in New York City. During home visits, air samples and EBC were collected. Seven day averages of domestic levels of particulate matter <2.5μm (PM2.5), BC and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) were measured. Urea and 8-isoprostane were measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) in EBC. RESULTS In univariate models, PM2.5 and BC, but not ETS, were significantly associated with increases in 8-isoprostane in the EBC (β=0.006 and β=0.106 respectively, p<0.05 for both). These associations remained statistically significant for both PM2.5 and BC after adjustment for covariates. In a co-pollutant model including PM2.5, BC and ETS, only BC remained a statistically significant predictor of 8-isoprostane (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the BC fraction of PM might contain exposure relevant to increased oxidative stress in the airways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jose Rosa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, 11th floor, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Beizhan Yan
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Comer Building, Rm 203, Palisades, NY 10964, United States.
| | - Steven N Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Comer Building, Rm 203, Palisades, NY 10964, United States.
| | - Luis M Acosta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, 11th floor, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Adnan Divjan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, 11th floor, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Judith S Jacobson
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, R732, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, 11th floor, New York, NY 10032, United States; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia, University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 630 W 168th Street, PHE-101, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Inge F Goldstein
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, R732, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| | - Matthew S Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th Street, 11th floor, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yoo Y, Perzanowski MS. Allergic sensitization and the environment: latest update. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2014; 14:465. [PMID: 25149167 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-014-0465-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma and other allergic diseases is still increasing both in developed and developing countries. Allergic sensitization against common inhalant allergens is common and, although not sufficient, a necessary step in the development of allergic diseases. Despite a small number of proteins from certain plants and animals being common allergens in humans, we still do not fully understand who will develop sensitization and to which allergens. Environmental exposure to these allergens is essential for the development of sensitization, but what has emerged clearly in the literature in the recent years is that the adjuvants to which an individual is exposed at the same time as the allergen are probably an equally important determinant of the immune response to the allergen. These adjuvants act on all steps in the development of sensitization from modifying epithelial barriers, to facilitating antigen presentation, to driving T-cell responses, to altering mast cell and basophil hyperreactivity. The adjuvants come from biogenic sources, including microbes and the plants and animals that produce the allergens, and from man-made sources (anthropogenic), including unintended by-products of combustion and chemicals now ubiquitous in modern life. As we better understand how individuals are exposed to these adjuvants and how the exposure influences the likelihood of an allergic response, we may be able to design individual and community-level interventions that will reverse the increase in allergic disease prevalence, but we are not there yet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Duncan DT, Kapadia F, Halkitis PN. Examination of spatial polygamy among young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in New York City: the P18 cohort study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:8962-83. [PMID: 25170685 PMCID: PMC4199000 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph110908962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The few previous studies examining the influence of the neighborhood context on health and health behavior among young gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (YMSM) have predominantly focused on residential neighborhoods. No studies have examined multiple neighborhood contexts among YMSM or the relationships between sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, social support network characteristics, health behaviors, and neighborhood concordance. In this study, we assessed spatial polygamy by determining the amount of concordance between residential, social, and sex neighborhoods (defined as boroughs) in addition to examining individual-level characteristics that may be associated with neighborhood concordance. These data come from the baseline assessment of Project 18, a cohort of racially and ethnically diverse YMSM residing in the New York City metropolitan area. Participants (N = 598) provided information on their residential, social, and sex boroughs as well as information on their sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, social support network characteristics, and health behaviors (e.g., substance use and condomless sex). Descriptive analyses were conducted to examine the distribution of boroughs reported across all three contexts, i.e., residential, social, and sex boroughs. Next, concordance between: (1) residential and social boroughs; (2) residential and sex boroughs; (3) social and sex boroughs; and (4) residential, social, and sex boroughs was assessed. Finally, bivariable analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, social support network characteristics, and health behaviors in relation to borough concordance. Approximately two-thirds of participants reported concordance between residential/socializing, residential/sex, and sex/socializing boroughs, whereas 25% reported concordance between all three residential/socializing/sex boroughs. Borough concordance varied by some individual-level characteristics. For example, White YMSM and YMSM reporting lower perceived socioeconomic status were significantly more likely to report residential/socializing/sex borough concordance (p < 0.001). With regard to psychosocial factors, YMSM who reported experiencing gay-related stigma in public forums were more likely to report discordant socializing/sex and residential/socializing/sex boroughs (p < 0.001). Greater frequency of communication with network members (≥weekly) was associated with less residential/social borough concordance (p < 0.05). YMSM who reported residential/socializing/sex borough concordance were more likely to report recent (last 30 days) alcohol use, recent marijuana use, and recently engaging in condomless oral sex (all p < 0.05). These findings suggest that spatial polygamy, or an individual moving across and experiencing multiple neighborhood contexts, is prevalent among urban YMSM and that spatial polygamy varies by multiple individual-level characteristics. Future research among YMSM populations should consider multiple neighborhood contexts in order to provide a more nuanced understanding of how and which neighborhood contexts influence the health and well-being of YMSM. This further examination of spatial polygamy (and individual-level characteristics associated with it) may increase understanding of the most appropriate locations for targeted disease prevention and health promotion interventions (e.g., HIV prevention interventions).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dustin T. Duncan
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; E-Mails: (F.K.); (P.N.K.)
- Global Institute of Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Population Center, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
- Center for Health, Identity, Behavior and Prevention Studies, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-646-501-2674; Fax: + 1-646-501-2706
| | - Farzana Kapadia
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; E-Mails: (F.K.); (P.N.K.)
- Global Institute of Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Center for Health, Identity, Behavior and Prevention Studies, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Food Studies and Public Health, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Perry N. Halkitis
- Department of Population Health, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA; E-Mails: (F.K.); (P.N.K.)
- Global Institute of Public Health, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Population Center, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA
- Center for Health, Identity, Behavior and Prevention Studies, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Food Studies and Public Health, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
- Department of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Highway proximity and black carbon from cookstoves as a risk factor for higher blood pressure in rural China. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:13229-34. [PMID: 25157159 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1317176111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution in China and other parts of Asia poses large health risks and is an important contributor to global climate change. Almost half of Chinese homes use biomass and coal fuels for cooking and heating. China's economic growth and infrastructure development has led to increased emissions from coal-fired power plants and an expanding fleet of motor vehicles. Black carbon (BC) from incomplete biomass and fossil fuel combustion is the most strongly light-absorbing component of particulate matter (PM) air pollution and the second most important climate-forcing human emission. PM composition and sources may also be related to its human health impact. We enrolled 280 women living in a rural area of northwestern Yunnan where biomass fuels are commonly used. We measured their blood pressure, distance from major traffic routes, and daily exposure to BC (pyrolytic biomass combustion), water-soluble organic aerosol (organic aerosol from biomass combustion), and, in a subset, hopane markers (motor vehicle emissions) in winter and summer. BC had the strongest association with systolic blood pressure (SBP) (4.3 mmHg; P < 0.001), followed by PM mass and water-soluble organic mass. The effect of BC on SBP was almost three times greater in women living near the highway [6.2 mmHg; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.6 to 8.9 vs. 2.6 mmHg; 95% CI, 0.1 to 5.2]. Our findings suggest that BC from combustion emissions is more strongly associated with blood pressure than PM mass, and that BC's health effects may be larger among women living near a highway and with greater exposure to motor vehicle emissions.
Collapse
|
34
|
Association of recent exposure to ambient metals on fractional exhaled nitric oxide in 9-11 year old inner-city children. Nitric Oxide 2014; 40:60-6. [PMID: 24878380 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient metals in urban environments has been associated with wheeze, and emergency room visits and hospitalizations due to respiratory illness. However, the effect of ambient metals exposure on airway inflammation, and how these associations may be modified by seroatopy, has not been determined. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is a reliable proxy marker of airway inflammation. We hypothesized that recent ambient concentrations of Ni, V, Zn and Fe would be associated differentially with proximal and distal fractions of exhaled NO, and that these associations would be modified by seroatopy. As part of the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health (CCCEH) birth cohort study, 9-11 year old children (n=192) were evaluated. Ambient measures of Ni, V, Zn and Fe were obtained from a local central monitoring site and averaged over 9 days based on three 24h measures every third day. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) samples were obtained at constant flows of 50 (FENO50), 83 and 100mL/s, and used to determine surrogate measures for proximal (JNO) and alveolar (Calv) inflammation. Seroatopy was determined by specific IgE at age 7. Data were analyzed using multivariable linear regression. Ambient V and Fe concentrations were associated positively with FENO50 (p=0.018, p=0.027). Ambient Fe was associated positively with JNO (p=0.017). Ambient Ni and V concentrations were associated positively with Calv (p=0.004, p=0.018, respectively). A stronger association of Ni concentrations with Calv was observed among the children with seroatopy. These results suggest that ambient metals are associated differentially with different fractions of FENO production, and this relationship may be modified by seroatopy.
Collapse
|
35
|
Jung KH, Liu B, Lovinsky-Desir S, Yan B, Camann D, Sjodin A, Li Z, Perera F, Kinney P, Chillrud S, Miller RL. Time trends of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure in New York City from 2001 to 2012: assessed by repeat air and urine samples. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 131:95-103. [PMID: 24709094 PMCID: PMC4031101 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to air pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and specifically pyrene from combustion of fuel oil, coal, traffic and indoor sources, has been associated with adverse respiratory health outcomes. However, time trends of airborne PAH and metabolite levels detected via repeat measures over time have not yet been characterized. We hypothesized that PAH levels, measured repeatedly from residential indoor and outdoor monitors, and children׳s urinary concentrations of PAH metabolites, would decrease following policy interventions to reduce traffic-related air pollution. METHODS Indoor PAH (particle- and gas-phase) were collected for two weeks prenatally (n=98), at age 5/6 years (n=397) and age 9/10 years (n=198) since 2001 and at all three age-points (n=27). Other traffic-related air pollutants (black carbon and PM2.5) were monitored indoors simultaneous with PAH monitoring at ages 5/6 (n=403) and 9/10 (n=257) between 2005 and 2012. One third of the homes were selected across seasons for outdoor PAH, BC and PM2.5 sampling. Using the same sampling method, ambient PAH, BC and PM2.5 also were monitored every two weeks at a central site between 2007 and 2012. PAH were analyzed as semivolatile PAH (e.g., pyrene; MW 178-206) (∑8PAH(semivolatile): Including pyrene (PYR), phenanthrene (PHEN), 1-methylphenanthrene (1-MEPH), 2-methylphenanthrene (2-MEPH), 3-methylphenanthrene (3-MEPH), 9-methylphenanthrene (9-MEPH), 1,7-dimethylphenanthrene (1,7-DMEPH), and 3,6-dimethylphenanthrene (3,6-DMEPH)) and the sum of eight nonvolatile PAH (∑8PAH(nonvolatile): Including benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), chrysene/iso-chrysene (Chry), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbFA), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkFA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene (IP), dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (DahA), and benzo[g,h,i]perylene (BghiP); MW 228-278). A spot urine sample was collected from children at child ages 3, 5, 7 and 9 between 2001 and 2012 and analyzed for 10 PAH metabolites. RESULTS Modest declines were detected in indoor BC and PM2.5 levels between 2005 and 2012 (Annual percent change [APC]=-2.08% [p=0.010] and -2.18% [p=0.059] for BC and PM2.5, respectively), while a trend of increasing pyrene levels was observed in indoor and outdoor samples, and at the central site during the comparable time periods (APC=4.81%, 3.77% and 7.90%, respectively; p<0.05 for all). No significant time trend was observed in indoor ∑8PAH(nonvolatile) levels between 2005 and 2012; however, significant opposite trends were detected when analyzed seasonally (APC=-8.06% [p<0.01], 3.87% [p<0.05] for nonheating and heating season, respectively). Similarly, heating season also affected the annual trends (2005-2012) of other air pollutants: the decreasing BC trend (in indoor/outdoor air) was observed only in the nonheating season, consistent with dominating traffic sources that decreased with time; the increasing pyrene trend was more apparent in the heating season. Outdoor PM2.5 levels persistently decreased over time across the seasons. With the analyses of data collected over a longer period of time (2001-2012), a decreasing trend was observed in pyrene (APC=-2.76%; p<0.01), mostly driven by measures from the nonheating season (APC=-3.54%; p<0.01). In contrast, levels of pyrene and naphthalene metabolites, 1-hydroxypyrene and 2-naphthol, increased from 2001 to 2012 (APC=6.29% and 7.90% for 1-hydroxypyrene and 2-naphthol, respectively; p<0.01 for both). CONCLUSIONS Multiple NYC legislative regulations targeting traffic-related air pollution may have led to decreases in ∑8PAH(nonvolatile) and BC, especially in the nonheating season. Despite the overall decrease in pyrene over the 2001-2012 periods, a rise in pyrene levels in recent years (2005-2012), that was particularly evident for measures collected during the heating season, and 2-naphthol, indicates the contribution of heating oil combustion and other indoor sources to airborne pyrene and urinary 2-naphthol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hwa Jung
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630W. 168 Street, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Bian Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630W. 168 Street, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 3959 Broadway, CHC 7-745, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Beizhan Yan
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Rt, 9W Palisades, NY 10964, United States
| | - David Camann
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division, Southwest Research Institute, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78228, United States
| | - Andreas Sjodin
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Organic Analytical Toxicology Branch, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Zheng Li
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Organic Analytical Toxicology Branch, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Frederica Perera
- Columbia Center for Children׳s Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722W. 168 Street, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Patrick Kinney
- Columbia Center for Children׳s Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722W. 168 Street, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Steven Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, 61 Rt, 9W Palisades, NY 10964, United States
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care of Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630W. 168 Street, New York, NY 10032, United States; Columbia Center for Children׳s Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 722W. 168 Street, New York, NY 10032, United States; Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8E-101, 630W. 168 Street, New York, NY 10032, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
de Planell-Saguer M, Lovinsky-Desir S, Miller RL. Epigenetic regulation: the interface between prenatal and early-life exposure and asthma susceptibility. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2014; 55:231-43. [PMID: 24323745 PMCID: PMC4148423 DOI: 10.1002/em.21836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex disease with genetic and environmental influences and emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic regulation is also a major contributor. Here, we focus on the developing paradigm that epigenetic dysregulation in asthma and allergy may start as early as in utero following several environmental exposures. We summarize the pathways important to the allergic immune response that are epigenetically regulated, the key environmental exposures associated with epigenetic changes in asthma genes, and newly identified epigenetic biomarkers that have been linked to clinical asthma. We conclude with a brief discussion about the potential to apply newly developing technologies in epigenetics to the diagnosis and treatment of asthma and allergy. The inherent plasticity of epigenetic regulation following environmental exposures offers opportunities for prevention using environmental remediation, measuring novel biomarkers for early identification of those at risk, and applying advances in pharmaco-epigenetics to tailor medical therapies that maximize efficacy of treatment. 'Precision Medicine' in asthma and allergy is arriving. As the field advances this may involve an individually tailored approach to the prevention, early detection, and treatment of disease based on the knowledge of an individual's epigenetic profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariangels de Planell-Saguer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Rachel L. Miller
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
- Correspondence to: Rachel L. Miller, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, PH8E-101B; 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tamerius JD, Perzanowski MS, Acosta LM, Jacobson JS, Goldstein IF, Quinn JW, Rundle AG, Shaman J. Socioeconomic and Outdoor Meteorological Determinants of Indoor Temperature and Humidity in New York City Dwellings. WEATHER, CLIMATE, AND SOCIETY (PRINT) 2013; 5:168-179. [PMID: 24077420 PMCID: PMC3784267 DOI: 10.1175/wcas-d-12-00030.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous mechanisms link outdoor weather and climate conditions to human health. It is likely that many health conditions are more directly affected by indoor rather than outdoor conditions. Yet, the relationship between indoor temperature and humidity conditions to outdoor variability, and the heterogeneity of the relationship among different indoor environments are largely unknown. METHODS We use 5-14 day measures of indoor temperature and relative humidity from 327 dwellings in New York City for the years 2008-2011 to investigate the relationship between indoor climate, outdoor meteorological conditions, socioeconomic conditions, and building descriptors. Study households were primarily middle-income and located across the boroughs of Brooklyn, Queens, Bronx, and Manhattan. RESULTS Indoor temperatures are positively associated with outdoor temperature during the warm season and study dwellings in higher socioeconomic status neighborhoods are significantly cooler. During the cool season, outdoor temperatures have little effect on indoor temperatures; however, indoor temperatures can range more than 10 °C between dwellings despite similar outdoor temperatures. Apartment buildings tend to be significantly warmer than houses and dwellings on higher floors are also significantly warmer than dwellings on lower floors. Outdoor specific humidity is positively associated with indoor specific and relative humidity, but there is no consistent relationship between outdoor and indoor relative humidity. CONCLUSIONS In New York City, the relationship between indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity conditions vary significantly between dwellings. These results can be used to inform studies of health outcomes for which temperature or humidity is an established factor affecting human health and highlights the need for more research on the determinants of indoor climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JD Tamerius
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
- corresponding author, , phone: +1 520-780-7650, fax: +1 212-305-4012, mailing address: 722 West 168th Street, Allan Rosenfield Building, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10032-0403
| | - MS Perzanowski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - LM Acosta
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - JS Jacobson
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York NY
| | - IF Goldstein
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York NY
| | - JW Quinn
- Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - AG Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York NY
| | - J Shaman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Early-life cockroach allergen and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposures predict cockroach sensitization among inner-city children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 131:886-93. [PMID: 23391330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.12.666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensitization to cockroach is one of the strongest identified risk factors for greater asthma morbidity in low-income urban communities; however, the timing of exposures relevant to the development of sensitization has not been elucidated fully. Furthermore, exposure to combustion byproducts, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), can augment the development of allergic sensitization. OBJECTIVE We sought to test the hypotheses that domestic cockroach allergen measured prenatally would predict cockroach sensitization in early childhood and that this association would be greater for children exposed to higher PAH concentrations. METHODS Dominican and African American pregnant women living in New York City were enrolled. In the third trimester expectant mothers wore personal air samplers for measurement of 8 nonvolatile PAHs and the semivolatile PAH pyrene, and dust was collected from homes for allergen measurement. Glutathione-S-transferase μ 1 (GSTM1) gene polymorphisms were measured in children. Allergen-specific IgE levels were measured from the children at ages 2, 3, 5, and 7 years. RESULTS Bla g 2 in prenatal kitchen dust predicted cockroach sensitization at the ages of 5 to 7 years (adjusted relative risk [RR], 1.15; P = .001; n = 349). The association was observed only among children with greater than (RR, 1.22; P = .001) but not less than (RR, 1.07; P = .24) the median sum of 8 nonvolatile PAH levels. The association was most pronounced among children with higher PAH levels and null for the GSTM1 gene (RR, 1.54; P = .001). CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to cockroach allergen was associated with a greater risk of allergic sensitization. This risk was increased by exposure to nonvolatile PAHs, with children null for the GSTM1 mutation particularly vulnerable.
Collapse
|
39
|
Mainardi TR, Mellins RB, Miller RL, Acosta LM, Cornell A, Hoepner L, Quinn JW, Yan B, Chillrud SN, Olmedo OE, Perera FP, Goldstein IF, Rundle AG, Jacobson JS, Perzanowski MS. Exercise-induced wheeze, urgent medical visits, and neighborhood asthma prevalence. Pediatrics 2013; 131:e127-35. [PMID: 23248227 PMCID: PMC3529949 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-1072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exercise-induced wheeze (EIW) may identify a distinct population among asthmatics and give insight into asthma morbidity etiology. The prevalence of pediatric asthma and associated urgent medical visits varies greatly by neighborhood in New York City and is highest in low-income neighborhoods. Although increased asthma severity might contribute to the disparities in urgent medical visits, when controlling for health insurance coverage, we previously observed no differences in clinical measures of severity between asthmatic children living in neighborhoods with lower (3%-9%) versus higher (11%-19%) asthma prevalence. Among these asthmatics, we hypothesized that EIW would be associated with urgent medical visits and a child's neighborhood asthma prevalence. METHODS Families of 7- to 8-year-old children were recruited into a case-control study of asthma through an employer-based health insurance provider. Among the asthmatics (n = 195), prevalence ratios (PRs) for EIW were estimated. Final models included children with valid measures of lung function, seroatopy, and waist circumference (n = 140). RESULTS EIW was associated with urgent medical visits for asthma (PR, 2.29; P = .021), independent of frequent wheeze symptoms. In contrast to frequent wheeze, EIW was not associated with seroatopy or exhaled NO, suggesting a distinct mechanism. EIW prevalence among asthmatics increased with increasing neighborhood asthma prevalence (PR, 1.09; P = .012), after adjustment for race, ethnicity, maternal asthma, environmental tobacco smoke, household income, and neighborhood income. CONCLUSIONS EIW may contribute to the disparities in urgent medical visits for asthma between high- and low-income neighborhoods. Physicians caring for asthmatics should consider EIW an indicator of risk for urgent medical visits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R. Mainardi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Robert B. Mellins
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
| | - Rachel L. Miller
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York;,Departments of Environmental Health Sciences
| | | | - Alexandra Cornell
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire; and
| | - Lori Hoepner
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences,,Data Coordinating Center, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - James W. Quinn
- Institute for Social and Economic Research and Policy, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Beizhan Yan
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York
| | - Steven N. Chillrud
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Just AC, Whyatt RM, Miller RL, Rundle AG, Chen Q, Calafat AM, Divjan A, Rosa MJ, Zhang H, Perera FP, Goldstein IF, Perzanowski MS. Children's urinary phthalate metabolites and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in an urban cohort. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012; 186:830-7. [PMID: 22923660 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201203-0398oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Phthalates are used widely in consumer products. Exposure to several phthalates has been associated with respiratory symptoms and decreased lung function. Associations between children's phthalate exposures and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Fe(NO)), a biomarker of airway inflammation, have not been examined. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that urinary concentrations of four phthalate metabolites would be positively associated with Fe(NO) and that these associations would be stronger among children with seroatopy or wheeze. METHODS In an urban ongoing birth cohort, 244 children had phthalate metabolites determined in urine collected on the same day as Fe(NO) measurement. Repeated sampling gathered 313 observations between ages 4.9 and 9.1 years. Seroatopy was assessed by specific IgE. Wheeze in the past year was assessed by validated questionnaire. Regression models used generalized estimating equations. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Log-unit increases in urinary concentrations of metabolites of diethyl phthalate (DEP) and butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP) were associated with a 6.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.5-13.1%) and 8.7% (95% CI, 1.9-16.0%) increase in Fe(NO), respectively, adjusting for other phthalate metabolites and potential covariates/confounders. There was no association between concentrations of metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate or di-n-butyl phthalate and Fe(NO). There was no significant interaction by seroatopy. The BBzP metabolite association was significantly stronger among children who wheeze (P = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Independent associations between exposures to DEP and BBzP and Fe(NO) in a cohort of inner-city children were observed. These results suggest that these two ubiquitous phthalates, previously shown to have substantial contributions from inhalation, are positively associated with airway inflammation in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Allan C Just
- Columbia Center for Children’s Environmental Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|