1
|
The Effects of Synthetic SREBP-1 and PPAR-γ Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotide on Acne-like Disease In Vivo and In Vitro via Lipogenic Regulation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121858. [PMID: 36551286 PMCID: PMC9775059 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris has a pathogenesis that involves increased sebum production and perifollicular inflammation. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) are transcription factors that regulate numerous genes involved in lipid biosynthesis. To improve a new therapeutic approach, we designed the SREBP/PPAR decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), a synthetic short DNA containing complementary sequences for the SREBP and PPAR transcription factors. We aim to investigate the beneficial functions and the molecular mechanisms of the synthetic SREBP/PPAR decoy ODN in lipogenic models. C. acnes was intradermally injected with a 1.0 × 107 colony forming unit/20 μL. The synthetic SREBP/PPAR decoy ODN or scrambled decoy ODN (10 μg) was transferred via the mouse tail vein injection. SZ95 cells were transfected with 2 μg of synthetic ODNs. After transfection, the SZ95 cells were cultured in serum-free medium containing 20 ng/μL of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF)-1 for 24 h. To investigate the expression of gene and signaling pathways, we performed Western blotting. The distribution of the chimeric decoy ODN was confirmed by EMSA. Lipid levels were assessed by Nile red and Oil Red O staining. The cytokine levels were measured by ELISA kit. This study showed that C. acnes-injected mice and IGF-1-stimulated SZ95 cells exhibited increased expression of SREBP-1 and PPAR-γ compared to the normal controls. In contrast, the administration of the SREBP/PPAR chimeric decoy ODN significantly suppressed the upregulation of lipogenic genes. Furthermore, the SREBP/PPAR decoy ODN decreased the plasma cytokines and cytokine levels of total protein. These results suggested that the SREBP/PPAR decoy ODN exerts its anti-lipogenic effects by regulating lipid metabolism and by inhibiting lipogenesis through the inactivation of the SREBP and PPAR pathways. Therefore, the synthetic SREBP/PPAR ODN demonstrates substantial therapeutic feasibility for the treatment of acne vulgaris.
Collapse
|
2
|
Jung HJ, An HJ, Gwon MG, Gu H, Bae S, Lee SJ, Kim YA, Leem J, Park KK. Anti-Fibrotic Effect of Synthetic Noncoding Oligodeoxynucleotide for Inhibiting mTOR and STAT3 via the Regulation of Autophagy in an Animal Model of Renal Injury. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030766. [PMID: 35164031 PMCID: PMC8840279 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common process of various kidney diseases. Autophagy is an important cell biology process to maintain cellular homeostasis. In addition, autophagy is involved in the pathogenesis of various renal disease, including acute kidney injury, glomerular diseases, and renal fibrosis. However, the functional role of autophagy in renal fibrosis remains poorly unclear. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a negative regulatory role in autophagy. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is an important intracellular signaling that may regulate a variety of inflammatory responses. In addition, STAT3 regulates autophagy in various cell types. Thus, we synthesized the mTOR/STAT3 oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) to regulate the autophagy. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial effect of mTOR/STAT3 ODN via the regulation of autophagy appearance on unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced renal fibrosis. This study showed that UUO induced inflammation, tubular atrophy, and tubular interstitial fibrosis. However, mTOR/STAT3 ODN suppressed UUO-induced renal fibrosis and inflammation. The autophagy markers have no statistically significant relation, whereas mTOR/STAT3 ODN suppressed the apoptosis in tubular cells. These results suggest the possibility of mTOR/STAT3 ODN for preventing renal fibrosis. However, the role of mTOR/STAT3 ODN on autophagy regulation needs to be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Jung
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Jin An
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (H.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.); (Y.-A.K.)
| | - Mi-Gyeong Gwon
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (H.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.); (Y.-A.K.)
| | - Hyemin Gu
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (H.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.); (Y.-A.K.)
| | - Seongjae Bae
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (H.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.); (Y.-A.K.)
| | - Sun-Jae Lee
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (H.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.); (Y.-A.K.)
| | - Young-Ah Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (H.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.); (Y.-A.K.)
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea;
| | - Kwan-Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Korea; (H.-J.A.); (M.-G.G.); (H.G.); (S.B.); (S.-J.L.); (Y.-A.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-650-4149; Fax: +82-53-650-4834
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meng K, Cai H, Cai S, Hong Y, Zhang X. Adiponectin Modified BMSCs Alleviate Heart Fibrosis via Inhibition TGF-beta1/Smad in Diabetic Rats. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:644160. [PMID: 33829019 PMCID: PMC8019808 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.644160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence suggested that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have therapeutic potential for diabetes and heart diseases. However, the effects of BMSC on reducing myocardial fibrosis need to be optimized. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of adiponectin (APN) modified BMSCs on myocardial fibrosis in diabetic model in vivo and in vitro. Methods: The high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injection were used to induced diabetic rat model. H9c2 cells were cultured under a high glucose medium as in vitro model. The BMSCs were modified by APN plasmid or APN small interfering RNA (siRNA), then transplanted to the diabetic rats by a single tail-vein injection, or co-cultured with H9c2 cells. Results: We demonstrated that diabetic rats showed typical diabetic symptoms, such as decreased cardiac function, accumulation of pathological lesions and collagen expression. However, these impairments were significantly prevented by the APN modified BMSCs treatment while no effects on APN siRNA modified BMSCs treated diabetic rats. Moreover, we confirmed that APN modified BMSCs could attenuate the expression of TGF-beta1/smad to suppress the myocardial fibrosis in the diabetic rats and high glucose induced H9c2 cells. Conclusion: The present results for the first time showed that APN modified BMSCs exerted protection on cardiac fibrosis via inhibiting TGF-beta1/smad signal pathway in diabetic rats. Our findings suggested that APN modified BMSCs might be a novel and optimal therapy for the diabetic cardiomyopathy in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Meng
- Department of Anatomy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huabo Cai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Simin Cai
- Department of Anatomy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yucai Hong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhan C, Xiao G, Zhang X, Chen X, Zhang Z, Liu J. Decreased MiR-30a promotes TGF-β1-mediated arachnoid fibrosis in post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus. Transl Neurosci 2020; 11:60-74. [PMID: 33335750 PMCID: PMC7711221 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2020-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fibrosis in the ventricular system is closely associated with post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH). It is characterized by an expansion of the cerebral ventricles due to CSF accumulation following intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). The activation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) may be involved in thrombin-induced arachnoid fibrosis. Methods A rat model of PHH was established by injection of autologous non-anticoagulated blood from the right femoral artery into the lateral ventricles. Differential expression of miR-30a was detected in rat arachnoid cells by RNA sequencing. AP-1, c-Fos, and TRAF3IP2 were knocked down in primary arachnoid cells, and the degree of arachnoid fibrosis was assessed. Results Decreased expression of miR-30a and increased expression of TRAF3IP2, TGF-β1, and α-SMA were detected in the arachnoid cells of PHH rat. Besides, overexpression of miR-30a targets TRAF3IP2 mRNA 3′UTR and inhibits the expression of TRAF3IP2, TGF-β1, and α-SMA in the primary arachnoid cells. Furthermore, TRAF3IP2 activates AP-1 to promote arachnoid fibrosis. The content of type I collagen in the primary arachnoid cells was reduced after the silencing of AP-1 and TRAF3IP2. Conclusions This study identified a miR-30a-regulated mechanism of arachnoid fibrosis, suggesting a previously unrecognized contribution of miR-30a to the pathogenesis of fibrosis in the ventricular system. These results might provide a new target for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PHH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaohong Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China
| | - Gelei Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China
| | - Jingping Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Hydrocephalus, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang XF, Fang QQ, Jia B, Hu YY, Wang ZC, Yan KP, Yin SY, Liu Z, Tan WQ. Potential effect of non-thermal plasma for the inhibition of scar formation: a preliminary report. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1064. [PMID: 31974451 PMCID: PMC6978306 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57703-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-thermal plasma (NTP) is a promising biomedical tool for application to wound healing. However, there is limited scientific evidence that confirms its efficacy to inhibit scar formation. This study aims to investigate the role of non-thermal plasma in scar formation. Two full-thickness dorsal cutaneous wounds of rats were treated with either a non-thermal helium plasma jet or helium. It was determined that the non-thermal plasma jet accelerated the wound healing process from 5 days after surgery (day 5: 41.27% ± 2.351 vs 54.7% ± 5.314, p < 0.05; day 7: 56.05% ± 1.881 vs 75.28% ± 3.914, p < 0.01; day 14: 89.85% ± 2.991 vs 98.07% ± 0.839, p < 0.05). The width of the scars for the NTP group was narrower than those of control group (4.607 ± 0.416 mm vs 3.260 ± 0.333 mm, p < 0.05). In addition, a lower level of TGF-β1, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3 were detected in the NTP treated wounds (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.01). As expected, α-SMA was also significantly decreased in the NTP treatment group (p < 0.01). Moreover, the expression of type I collagen and the proportion of type I to III collagen were lower in the NTP group (p < 0.05). The results of the study suggest that NTP may play a potential role in scar formation by inhibiting the TGF β1 signal pathway and reducing the levels of α-SMA and type I collagen, and may have clinical utility in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Qing Fang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Bing Jia
- Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, Collage of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Yan Hu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Cai Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Ping Yan
- Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, Collage of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Yong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Institute of Industrial Ecology and Environment, Collage of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Tan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Miyake T, Miyake T, Kurashiki T, Morishita R. Molecular Pharmacological Approaches for Treating Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Ann Vasc Dis 2019; 12:137-146. [PMID: 31275464 PMCID: PMC6600097 DOI: 10.3400/avd.ra.18-00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is considered to be a potent life-threatening disorder in elderly individuals. Although many patients with a small AAA are detected during routine abdominal screening, there is no effective therapeutic option to prevent the progression or regression of AAA in the clinical setting. Recent advances in molecular biology have led to the identification of several important molecules, including microRNA and transcription factor, in the process of AAA formation. Regulation of these factors using nucleic acid drugs is expected to be a novel therapeutic option for AAA. Nucleic acid drugs can bind to target factors, mRNA, microRNA, and transcription factors in a sequence-specific fashion, resulting in a loss of function of the target molecule at the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level. Of note, inhibition of a transcription factor using a decoy strategy effectively suppresses experimental AAA formation, by regulating the expression of several genes associated with the disease progression. This review focuses on recent advances in molecular therapy of using nucleic acid drugs to treat AAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Miyake
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Miyake
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kurashiki
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Morishita
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tan WQ, Fang QQ, Shen XZ, Giani JF, Zhao TV, Shi P, Zhang LY, Khan Z, Li Y, Li L, Xu JH, Bernstein EA, Bernstein KE. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor works as a scar formation inhibitor by down-regulating Smad and TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) pathways in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:4239-4252. [PMID: 30153328 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), an important part of the renin-angiotensin system, is implicated in stimulating the fibrotic processes in the heart, lung, liver and kidney, while an ACE inhibitor (ACEI) promotes physiological tissue repair in these organs. The mechanism is closely related to TGF-β1 pathways. However, the reported effects of applying ACEIs during scar formation are unclear. Hence, we explored the anti-fibrotic effects of an ACEI and the molecular mechanisms involved in a mouse scar model. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH After a full-thickness skin wound operation, ACE wild-type mice were randomly assigned to receive either ramipril, losartan or hydralazine p.o. ACE knockout (KO) mice and negative control mice only received vehicle (water). Wound/scar widths during wound healing and histological examinations were recorded at the final day. The ability of ACEI to reduce fibrosis via TGF-β1 signalling was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. KEY RESULTS ACE KO mice and mice that received ramipril showed narrower wound/scar width, reduced fibroblast proliferation, decreased collagen and TGF-β1 expression. ACEI attenuated the phosphorylation of small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad2/3) and TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) both in vitro and in vivo. The expression of ACE-related peptides varied in murine models with different drug treatments. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS ACEI showed anti-fibrotic properties in scar formation by mediating downstream peptides to suppress TGF-β1/Smad and TGF-β1/TAK1 pathways. These findings suggest that dual inhibition of Smad and TAK1 signalling by ACEI is a useful strategy for the development of new anti-fibrotic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Qiang Tan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qing-Qing Fang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao Z Shen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Physiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jorge F Giani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tuantuan V Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peng Shi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Yun Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zakir Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - You Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ji-Hua Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ellen A Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth E Bernstein
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fang QQ, Wang XF, Zhao WY, Ding SL, Shi BH, Xia Y, Yang H, Wu LH, Li CY, Tan WQ. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor reduces scar formation by inhibiting both canonical and noncanonical TGF-β1 pathways. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3332. [PMID: 29463869 PMCID: PMC5820264 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21600-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) can improve the fibrotic processes in many internal organs. Recent studies have shown a relationship between ACEI with cutaneous scar formation, although it has not been confirmed, and the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we cultured mouse NIH 3T3 fibroblasts with different concentrations of ACEI. We measured cell proliferation with a Cell Counting Kit-8 and collagen expression with a Sirius Red Collagen Detection Kit. Flow cytometry and western blotting were used to detect transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) signaling. We also confirmed the potential antifibrotic activity of ACEI in a rat scar model. ACEI reduced fibroblast proliferation, suppressed collagen and TGF-β1 expression, and downregulated the phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 and TAK1, both in vitro and in vivo. A microscopic examination showed that rat scars treated with ramipril or losartan were not only narrower than in the controls, but also displayed enhanced re-epithelialization and neovascularization, and the formation of organized granulation tissue. These data indicate that ACEI inhibits scar formation by suppressing both TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 and TGF-β1/TAK1 pathways, and may have clinical utility in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Fang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Wan-Yi Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Shi-Li Ding
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Bang-Hui Shi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, PR China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Li-Hong Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Cai-Yun Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Wei-Qiang Tan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China. .,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, PR China. .,Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim JY, An HJ, Kim WH, Gwon MG, Gu H, Park YY, Park KK. Anti-fibrotic Effects of Synthetic Oligodeoxynucleotide for TGF-β1 and Smad in an Animal Model of Liver Cirrhosis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 8:250-263. [PMID: 28918026 PMCID: PMC5511593 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is characterized by changes in tissue architecture and extracellular matrix composition. Liver fibrosis affects not only hepatocytes but also the non-parenchymal cells such as hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which are essential for maintaining an intact liver structure and function. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is a multifunctional cytokine that induces liver fibrosis through activation of Smad signaling pathways. To improve a new therapeutic approach, synthetic TGF-β1/Smad oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) was used to suppress both TGF-β1 expression and Smad transcription factor using a combination of antisense ODN and decoy ODN. The aims of this study are to investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of TGF-β1/Smad ODN on simultaneous suppressions of both Smad transcription factor and TGF-β1 mRNA expression in the hepatic fibrosis model in vitro and in vivo. Synthetic TGF-β1/Smad ODN effectively inhibits Smad binding activity and TGF-β1 expression. TGF-β1/Smad ODN attenuated the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and activation of HSCs in TGF-β1-induced AML12 and HSC-T6 cells. TGF-β1/Smad ODN prevented the fibrogenesis and deposition of collagen in CCl4-treated mouse model. Synthetic TGF-β1/Smad ODN demonstrates anti-fibrotic effects that are mediated by the suppression of fibrogenic protein and inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, synthetic TGF-β1/Smad ODN has substantial therapeutic feasibility for the treatment of liver fibrotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin An
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon-Hae Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Gyeong Gwon
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Gu
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Yub Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zeidler S, Meckbach C, Tacke R, Raad FS, Roa A, Uchida S, Zimmermann WH, Wingender E, Gültas M. Computational Detection of Stage-Specific Transcription Factor Clusters during Heart Development. Front Genet 2016; 7:33. [PMID: 27047536 PMCID: PMC4804722 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression in living organisms. In higher organisms, TFs often interact in non-random combinations with each other to control gene transcription. Understanding the interactions is key to decipher mechanisms underlying tissue development. The aim of this study was to analyze co-occurring transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) in a time series dataset from a new cell-culture model of human heart muscle development in order to identify common as well as specific co-occurring TFBS pairs in the promoter regions of regulated genes which can be essential to enhance cardiac tissue developmental processes. To this end, we separated available RNAseq dataset into five temporally defined groups: (i) mesoderm induction stage; (ii) early cardiac specification stage; (iii) late cardiac specification stage; (iv) early cardiac maturation stage; (v) late cardiac maturation stage, where each of these stages is characterized by unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs). To identify TFBS pairs for each stage, we applied the MatrixCatch algorithm, which is a successful method to deduce experimentally described TFBS pairs in the promoters of the DEGs. Although DEGs in each stage are distinct, our results show that the TFBS pair networks predicted by MatrixCatch for all stages are quite similar. Thus, we extend the results of MatrixCatch utilizing a Markov clustering algorithm (MCL) to perform network analysis. Using our extended approach, we are able to separate the TFBS pair networks in several clusters to highlight stage-specific co-occurences between TFBSs. Our approach has revealed clusters that are either common (NFAT or HMGIY clusters) or specific (SMAD or AP-1 clusters) for the individual stages. Several of these clusters are likely to play an important role during the cardiomyogenesis. Further, we have shown that the related TFs of TFBSs in the clusters indicate potential synergistic or antagonistic interactions to switch between different stages. Additionally, our results suggest that cardiomyogenesis follows the hourglass model which was already proven for Arabidopsis and some vertebrates. This investigation helps us to get a better understanding of how each stage of cardiomyogenesis is affected by different combination of TFs. Such knowledge may help to understand basic principles of stem cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Zeidler
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Bioinformatics, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Meckbach
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Bioinformatics, Georg-August-University Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rebecca Tacke
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Bioinformatics, Georg-August-University Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Farah S Raad
- Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Göttingen, Germany
| | - Angelica Roa
- Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Wolfram-Hubertus Zimmermann
- Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Göttingen, Germany
| | - Edgar Wingender
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Bioinformatics, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mehmet Gültas
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Bioinformatics, Georg-August-University Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jia D, Zhang YQ, Wu JF. Decoy oligonucleotide technology in fibrosis: Application and delivery strategy. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:4931-4938. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i31.4931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological condition caused by a variety of etiologies, which is characterized by an increase in the fibrous connective tissue and a reduction in the parenchymal cells of several organs and can result in structural damage and functional impairment of organs. With the development of molecular biology and cellular biology technology in recent years, gene therapy methods for fibrosis are drawing attention, including antisense oligonucleotides, RNA interference, Decoy oligonucleotide (ODN) technology and so on. Among them, Decoy ODN technology can block the target gene expression by capturing specific transcription factors, having the potential to interfere with the expression of the fibrosis related genes. This paper will review the application of Decoy ODN technology in fibrosis as well as the delivery strategy in vivo.
Collapse
|
12
|
Youn SW, Park KK. Small-nucleic-acid-based therapeutic strategy targeting the transcription factors regulating the vascular inflammation, remodeling and fibrosis in atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:11804-33. [PMID: 26006249 PMCID: PMC4463731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis arises when injury to the arterial wall induces an inflammatory cascade that is sustained by a complex network of cytokines, together with accumulation of lipids and fibrous material. Inflammatory cascades involve leukocyte adherence and chemotaxis, which are coordinated by the local secretion of adhesion molecules, chemotactic factors, and cytokines. Transcription factors are critical to the integration of the various steps of the cascade response to mediators of vascular injury, and are induced in a stimulus-dependent and cell-type-specific manner. Several small-nucleic-acid-based therapeutic strategies have recently been developed to target transcription factors: antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, RNA interference, microRNA, and decoy oligodeoxynucleotides. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of these particular targeted therapeutic strategies, toward regulation of the vascular inflammation, remodeling and fibrosis associated with atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Won Youn
- Department of Radiology, Catholic University of Daegu Medical Center, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 705-718, Korea.
| | - Kwan-Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, Catholic University of Daegu Medical Center, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu 705-718, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Swindell WR, Sarkar MK, Stuart PE, Voorhees JJ, Elder JT, Johnston A, Gudjonsson JE. Psoriasis drug development and GWAS interpretation through in silico analysis of transcription factor binding sites. Clin Transl Med 2015; 4:13. [PMID: 25883770 PMCID: PMC4392043 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-015-0054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is a cytokine-mediated skin disease that can be treated effectively with immunosuppressive biologic agents. These medications, however, are not equally effective in all patients and are poorly suited for treating mild psoriasis. To develop more targeted therapies, interfering with transcription factor (TF) activity is a promising strategy. Methods Meta-analysis was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the lesional skin from psoriasis patients (n = 237). We compiled a dictionary of 2935 binding sites representing empirically-determined binding affinities of TFs and unconventional DNA-binding proteins (uDBPs). This dictionary was screened to identify “psoriasis response elements” (PREs) overrepresented in sequences upstream of psoriasis DEGs. Results PREs are recognized by IRF1, ISGF3, NF-kappaB and multiple TFs with helix-turn-helix (homeo) or other all-alpha-helical (high-mobility group) DNA-binding domains. We identified a limited set of DEGs that encode proteins interacting with PRE motifs, including TFs (GATA3, EHF, FOXM1, SOX5) and uDBPs (AVEN, RBM8A, GPAM, WISP2). PREs were prominent within enhancer regions near cytokine-encoding DEGs (IL17A, IL19 and IL1B), suggesting that PREs might be incorporated into complex decoy oligonucleotides (cdODNs). To illustrate this idea, we designed a cdODN to concomitantly target psoriasis-activated TFs (i.e., FOXM1, ISGF3, IRF1 and NF-kappaB). Finally, we screened psoriasis-associated SNPs to identify risk alleles that disrupt or engender PRE motifs. This identified possible sites of allele-specific TF/uDBP binding and showed that PREs are disproportionately disrupted by psoriasis risk alleles. Conclusions We identified new TF/uDBP candidates and developed an approach that (i) connects transcriptome informatics to cdODN drug development and (ii) enhances our ability to interpret GWAS findings. Disruption of PRE motifs by psoriasis risk alleles may contribute to disease susceptibility. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40169-015-0054-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William R Swindell
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| | - Mrinal K Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| | - Philip E Stuart
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| | - John J Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| | - Andrew Johnston
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200 USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sharma VK, Rungta P, Prasad AK. Nucleic acid therapeutics: basic concepts and recent developments. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47841f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|