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Pathogenesis of psoriasis in the "omic" era. Part II. Genetic, genomic and epigenetic changes in psoriasis. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2020; 37:283-298. [PMID: 32774210 PMCID: PMC7394158 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2020.96243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease in which genetic, environmental and epigenetic factors regulating gene expression play a key role. In the “genomic era”, genome-wide association studies together with target genotyping platforms performed in different ethnic populations have found more than 50 genetic susceptible markers associated with the risk of psoriasis which have been identified so far. Up till now, the strongest association with the risk of the disease has been proved for HLA-C*06 gene. The majority of other psoriasis risk SNPs are situated near the genes encoding molecules involved in adaptive and innate immunity, and skin barrier function. Many contemporary studies indicate that the epigenetic changes: histone modification, promoter methylations, long non-coding and micro-RNA hyperexpression are considered as factors contributing to psoriasis pathogenesis as they regulate abnormal keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation, aberrant keratinocytes – inflammatory cells communication, neoangiogenesis and chronic inflammation. The circulating miRNAs detected in the blood may become specific markers in the diagnosis, prognosis and response to the treatment of the disease. The inhibition of expression in selected miRNAs may be a new promising therapy option for patients with psoriasis.
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Xiao P, Zhong T, Liu Z, Ding Y, Guan W, He X, Pu Y, Jiang L, Ma Y, Zhao Q. Integrated Analysis of Methylome and Transcriptome Changes Reveals the Underlying Regulatory Signatures Driving Curly Wool Transformation in Chinese Zhongwei Goats. Front Genet 2020; 10:1263. [PMID: 31969898 PMCID: PMC6960231 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zhongwei goat is kept primarily for its beautiful white, curly pelt that appears when the kid is approximately 1 month old; however, this representative phenotype often changes to a less curly phenotype during postnatal development in a process that may be mediated by multiple molecular signals. DNA methylation plays important roles in mammalian cellular processes and is essential for the initiation of hair follicle (HF) development. Here, we sought to investigate the effects of genome-wide DNA methylation by combining expression profiles of the underlying curly fleece dynamics. Genome-wide DNA methylation maps and transcriptomes of skin tissues collected from 45- to 108-day-old goats were used for whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA sequencing, respectively. Between the two developmental stages, 1,250 of 3,379 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were annotated in differentially methylated genes (DMGs), and these regions were mainly related to intercellular communication and the cytoskeleton. Integrated analysis of the methylome and transcriptome data led to the identification of 14 overlapping genes that encode crucial factors for wool fiber development through epigenetic mechanisms. Furthermore, a functional study using human hair inner root sheath cells (HHIRSCs) revealed that, one of the overlapping genes, platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGFC) had a significant effect on the messenger RNA expression of several key HF-related genes that promote cell migration and proliferation. Our study presents an unprecedented analysis that was used to explore the enigma of fleece morphological changes by combining methylome maps and transcriptional expression, and these data revealed stage-specific epigenetic changes that potentially affect fiber development. Furthermore, our functional study highlights a possible role for the overlapping gene PDGFC in HF cell growth, which may be a predictable biomarker for fur goat selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhong
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhanfa Liu
- The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Breeding Ground of Zhongwei Goat, Department of Agriculture and Rural Areas of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Wuzhong, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weijun Guan
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong He
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yabin Pu
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianjun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Li C, Li Y, Zhou G, Gao Y, Ma S, Chen Y, Song J, Wang X. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of goat skins identifies signatures associated with hair cycling. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:638. [PMID: 30153818 PMCID: PMC6114738 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hair follicles (HFs), upon development, undergo repetitive cycles of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), and rest (telogen). The transition between the stages is determined by multiple molecular signals, including DNA methylation, which plays important roles in mammalian cellular identity and is essential for the development of HFs. Secondary hair follicles (SHFs) in cashmere goat exhibit classic cyclic hair development, and little has been done on a genome-wide scale to examine potentially methylated genes involved in the hair cyclic transition. Results Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles between skin tissues sampled during the anagen and telogen stages in cashmere goats were investigated using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). The methylation status was observed to be higher in the skin samples with HFs in the telogen than those in the anagen stage. A total of 1311 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified between the two groups, which contained 493 fully annotated DMR-related genes (DMGs) (269 Hyper- DMGs and 224 Hypo-DMGs). Furthermore, a significant over-representation of the functional categories for DMGs related to immune response and intercellular crosstalk during hair cycling was observed. By integrating DNA methylation and mRNA expression data, we revealed that four genes (FMN1, PCOLCE, SPTLC3, and COL5A1) are crucial factors for elucidating epigenetic mechanisms contributing to the telogen-to-anagen transition. Conclusion Our study provided systematic methylome maps pertaining to the hair cycling stages (anagen vs telogen) at a single-base resolution, and revealed stage-specific methylation loci during cashmere growth or quiescence. Furthermore, we identified epigenetically regulated genes that are potentially involved in HF development and growth in cashmere goats, and likely in other mammal species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5002-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Guangxian Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ye Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Sen Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yulin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jiuzhou Song
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Botchkarev VA. Second International Symposium-Epigenetic Regulation of Skin Regeneration and Aging: From Chromatin Biology towards the Understanding of Epigenetic Basis of Skin Diseases. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1604-1608. [PMID: 28583676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Botchkarev
- Centre for Skin Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK; Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Fang DR, Lv ZF, Qiao G. Dynamic Wnt5a expression in murine hair follicle cycle and its inhibitory effects on follicular. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2014; 7:285-8. [PMID: 24507677 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60039-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the dynamic expression of Wnt family member 5A (Wingless-type MMTV integration Wnt site family, member 5a) in murine hair cycle and its inhibitory effects on follicle in vivo. METHODS Situ hybridization in full-thickness skin was used to observe the change of mouse protein expression in different growth stages, and Ad-Wnt5a was injected after defeathering to observe the hair follicle growth in vivo. RESULTS The Wnt5a mRNA was expressed at birth, and was firstly increased then decreased along with the progress of the hair cycle. It reached the peak in advanced stage of growth cycle (P<0.05). Rhoa and β-catenin expression levels were significantly decreased in three groups. Rac2 expression was significantly up-regulated, and the expression level of Wnt5a, Shh and Frizzled2 was increased, but less significantly than group 2. CONCLUSIONS The expression of Wnt5a mRNA is consistent with change of murine follicle cycle, and has obvious inhibitory effects on the growth of hair follicle in vivo, indicating that it is antagonistic to Wnts pathway and interferes the growth of follicle together.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Ren Fang
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Zhong-Fa Lv
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Gang Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, the Third People's Hospital of Hanghzhou, Hanghzhou, 310009 China
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McElwee KJ, Gilhar A, Tobin DJ, Ramot Y, Sundberg JP, Nakamura M, Bertolini M, Inui S, Tokura Y, Jr LEK, Duque-Estrada B, Tosti A, Keren A, Itami S, Shoenfeld Y, Zlotogorski A, Paus R. What causes alopecia areata? Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:609-26. [PMID: 23947678 PMCID: PMC4094373 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The pathobiology of alopecia areata (AA), one of the most frequent autoimmune diseases and a major unsolved clinical problem, has intrigued dermatologists, hair biologists and immunologists for decades. Simultaneously, both affected patients and the physicians who take care of them are increasingly frustrated that there is still no fully satisfactory treatment. Much of this frustration results from the fact that the pathobiology of AA remains unclear, and no single AA pathogenesis concept can claim to be universally accepted. In fact, some investigators still harbour doubts whether this even is an autoimmune disease, and the relative importance of CD8(+) T cells, CD4(+) T cells and NKGD2(+) NK or NKT cells and the exact role of genetic factors in AA pathogenesis remain bones of contention. Also, is AA one disease, a spectrum of distinct disease entities or only a response pattern of normal hair follicles to immunologically mediated damage? During the past decade, substantial progress has been made in basic AA-related research, in the development of new models for translationally relevant AA research and in the identification of new therapeutic agents and targets for future AA management. This calls for a re-evaluation and public debate of currently prevalent AA pathobiology concepts. The present Controversies feature takes on this challenge, hoping to attract more skin biologists, immunologists and professional autoimmunity experts to this biologically fascinating and clinically important model disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. J. McElwee
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A. Gilhar
- Laboratory for Skin, Research, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel Marta Bertolini
| | - D. J. Tobin
- Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Y. Ramot
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah- Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - J. P. Sundberg
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA; Division of Dermatology, Skin Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - M. Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan Yoshiki Tokura
| | - M. Bertolini
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Germany Yehuda Shoenfeld
| | - S. Inui
- Department of Regenerative Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y. Tokura
- Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - L. E. King Jr
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA; Division of Dermatology, Skin Disease Research Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - B. Duque-Estrada
- Instituto de Dermatologia Prof. Rubem David Azulay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Antonella Tosti
| | - A Tosti
- Department of Dermatology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - A. Keren
- Laboratory for Skin, Research, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel Marta Bertolini
| | - S. Itami
- Department of Regenerative Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Y. Shoenfeld
- Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - A. Zlotogorski
- Department of Dermatology, Hadassah- Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - R. Paus
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Germany; Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK ,
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