1
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Jafarbeik-Iravani N, Kolahdozan S, Esmaeili R. The role of ASXL1 mutations and ASXL1 CircRNAs in cancer. Biomarkers 2024; 29:1-6. [PMID: 38193494 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2024.2304187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the Additional Sex Combs Like 1 (ASXL1) gene were first reported in myelodysplastic syndromes. Recent studies have clarified the relationship between ASXL1 mutations and the development of cancers. OBJECTIVE This study aims to review the roles of ASXL1 and ASXL1 CircRNAs, such as epigenetic regulation, chromatin modification, and transcription factor function in malignancies. METHOD This study is a review of articles related to the role of ASXL1 and ASXL1 CircRNAs in malignancies, retrieved from PubMed and Scopus. RESULTS ASXL1 plays a role in malignancies and is also related to poor overall survival and cancer metastasis. ASXL1 encodes conserved and abundant Circular RNAs (circRNAs) that act as post-transcriptional regulators, regulating tumorigenesis and progression in cancer. ASXL1 circRNA was identified in the top 10% of differentially expressed circRNAs in clinically relevant tissues. Additionally, the role of ASXL1 gene circRNAs in cancer development is reviewed in this study. CONCLUSION ASXL1 and ASXL1circRNA have dual functions in combination with different proteins, being involved in both transcriptional activation and repression in a context-dependent manner. Moreover, studies indicate these genes play an important role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. Ongoing research is aimed at determining this gene family's function in biological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Jafarbeik-Iravani
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Kolahdozan
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Esmaeili
- Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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2
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Rafiq Mohammed A, Assad D, Rostami G, Hamid M. Frequency and prognostic influence of ASXL1 mutations and its potential association with BCR-ABL1 transcript type and smoke in chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Gene 2023; 886:147776. [PMID: 37689224 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterogeneous response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and progress to advance phases, still is a significant clinical problem. These are attributed to additional mutations in mutated non-ABL1 genes. we aimed to determine prognostic effects of ASXL1 mutations as a biomarker for diverse treatment response and disease progression to aid clinical management. METHODS We performed ASXL1 gene mutational screening in 80 Ph+CML patients at different phases and 10 healthy control by direct sequencing method. Multiplex and qRT-PCR, standard chromosome banding analysis were used to determine BCR-ABL1 transcript type, molecular and cytogenetic responses respectively. RESULTS overall, four type mutations were identified in 11.25% of the patients. There was significant difference regarding mutation frequency between chronic and advance phases (P = 0.0002), sokal risk score (P = 0.0001), smoking (P = 0.02) and mean of during time of imatinib treatment (P = 0.009) between patients with and without ASXL1 mutations. ASXL1 mutations frequency had a bias toward younger than older and women than men, but no significant (P > 0.05). ASXL1 mutations were found more recurrently in patients carrying ABL1 KD mutations (P = 0.003). The risk of increasing resistance and disease progression in patients with ASXL1 mutations was 32 and 63 fold higher than those without mutations respectively (P = 0.01; P = 0.0002). The risk of ASXL1 mutations presence in patients with b2a2 transcript type was much higher than b3a2 type (P = 0.02, OR = 10). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that ASXL1 mutations may be favorable predictive biomarkers to determine the best TKI for each patient, and to prevent CML progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aras Rafiq Mohammed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sulaimani University, Sulaymanyah, Iraq
| | - Dlnya Assad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sulaimani University, Sulaymanyah, Iraq
| | - Golale Rostami
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hamid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Xu J, Hao Z, Chen X, Hong M, Muyey DM, Chen X, Wang H. The characteristics and clinical prognosis analysis of ASXL1 mutations in Chinese adult patients with primary cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia by next-generation sequencing. Leuk Lymphoma 2022; 63:2321-2329. [PMID: 35652795 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2022.2081323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed 156 adult patients with primary cytogenetically normal AML for ASXL1 mutations and co-mutations using targeted next-generation sequencing with a panel of 34 genes associated with myeloid neoplasms. ASXL1mut were identified in 15(10%) patients, more frequent at an older age (≥60years) (p = .014), and had significant associations with co-mutations in TET2, KIT, CBL and SRSF2, whereas inversely correlated to NPM1 and CEBPA mutations. ASXL1mut clustered in ELN2017 intermediate-risk group (p = .028). In the context of intermediate-risk, ASXL1mut had a worse overall survival(OS) (p = .038) and Relapse-free survival(RFS) (p = .016) than ASXL1wt. When coexisting DNMT3A or TET2 mutations, ASXL1mut/DNMT3Amut genetype revealed a superior OS than ASXL1mut/DNMT3Awt (p = .027), and ASXL1mut/TET2mut confered a worse RFS than ASXL1mut/TET2wt (p = .031). No significant prognosis impact of VAF (a cutoff value of 30%) and clone ranks of ASXL1mut were observed in this corhort. Our study provided a new understanding of characteristics of ASXL1mut AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhuanghui Hao
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Minglin Hong
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Daniel Muteb Muyey
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Xiuhua Chen
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Institute of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, China
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4
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The association of genetic alterations with response rate in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia patients. Leuk Res 2022; 114:106791. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2022.106791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Bai J, Chen Z, Chen C, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Song J, Yuan J, Jiang X, Xing W, Yang J, Bai J, Zhou Y. Reducing hyperactivated BAP1 attenuates mutant ASXL1-driven myeloid malignancies in human haematopoietic cells. Cancer Lett 2021; 519:78-90. [PMID: 34186160 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Additional sex combs-like 1 (ASXL1) is frequently mutated in a variety of myeloid malignancies, resulting in expression of a C-terminal-truncated ASXL1 protein that confers gain of function on the ASXL1-BAP1 deubiquitinase (DUB) complex. Several studies have reported that hyperactivity of BRCA-1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) in deubiquitinating mono-ubiquitinated histone H2AK119 is one of the critical molecular mechanisms in ASXL1 mutation-driven myeloid malignancies in mice. In this study, we found that human haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) overexpressing truncated ASXL1 (ASXL1Y591X) developed an MDS-like phenotype similar to that induced by overexpression of BAP1. We then used shRNAs targeting BAP1 in ASXL1Y591X-overexpressing HSPCs and primary leukaemia cells with ASXL1 mutation, demonstrating that reduced BAP1 expression can partially rescue the pathological consequences. RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative PCR analyses revealed that reduced BAP1 expression suppressed upregulation of the transcription factors AP-1 and EGR1/2, as well as myeloid dysplasia-associated genes, by retarding H2AK119Ub removal caused by ASXL1 mutation. This study indicates that targeting the hyperactive ASXL1-BAP1 DUB complex can attenuate mutant ASXL1-driven myeloid malignancies in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Zizhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Mingying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Junzhe Song
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jiajia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Wen Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jing Yang
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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6
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Mutation accumulation in cancer genes relates to nonoptimal outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood Adv 2021; 4:546-559. [PMID: 32045476 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm accounting for ∼15% of all leukemia. Progress of the disease from an indolent chronic phase to the more aggressive accelerated phase or blast phase (BP) occurs in a minority of cases and is associated with an accumulation of somatic mutations. We performed genetic profiling of 85 samples and transcriptome profiling of 12 samples from 59 CML patients. We identified recurrent somatic mutations in ABL1 (37%), ASXL1 (26%), RUNX1 (16%), and BCOR (16%) in the BP and observed that mutation signatures in the BP resembled those of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found that mutation load differed between the indolent and aggressive phases and that nonoptimal responders had more nonsilent mutations than did optimal responders at the time of diagnosis, as well as in follow-up. Using RNA sequencing, we identified other than BCR-ABL1 cancer-associated hybrid genes in 6 of the 7 BP samples. Uncovered expression alterations were in turn associated with mechanisms and pathways that could be targeted in CML management and by which somatic alterations may emerge in CML. Last, we showed the value of genetic data in CML management in a personalized medicine setting.
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7
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Adnan-Awad S, Kankainen M, Mustjoki S. Mutational landscape of chronic myeloid leukemia: more than a single oncogene leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:2064-2078. [PMID: 33944660 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1894652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, which causes aberrant kinase activity and uncontrolled cell proliferation, is the hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) that target the BCR-ABL oncoprotein has led to dramatic improvement in CML management. However, some challenges remain to be addressed in the TKI era, including patient stratification and the selection of frontline TKIs and CML progression. Additionally, with the emerging goal of treatment-free remission (TFR) in CML management, biomarkers that predict the outcomes of stopping TKI remain to be identified. Notably, recent reports have revealed the power of genome screening in understanding the role of genome aberrations other than BCR-ABL1 in CML pathogenesis. These studies have discovered the presence of disease-phase specific mutations and linked certain mutations to inferior responses to TKI treatment and CML progression. A personalized approach that incorporates genetic data in tailoring treatment strategies has been successfully implemented in acute leukemia, and it represents a promising approach for the management of high-risk CML patients. In this article, we will review current knowledge about the mutational profile in different phases of CML as well as patterns of mutational dynamics in patients having different outcomes. We highlight the effects of somatic mutations involving certain genes (e.g. epigenetic modifiers) on the outcomes of TKI treatment. We also discuss the potential value of incorporating genetic data in treatment decisions and the routine care of CML patients as a future direction for optimizing CML management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shady Adnan-Awad
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Kankainen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
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8
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Lakkireddy S, Aula S, Kapley A, Gundeti S, Kutala VK, Jamil K. Association of DNA repair gene XPC Ala499Val (rs2228000 C>T) and Lys939Gln (rs2228001 A>C) polymorphisms with the risk of chronic myeloid leukemia: A case-control study in a South Indian population. J Gene Med 2021; 23:e3339. [PMID: 33829606 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC), a DNA repair protein, plays an important role in the maintenance of genomic integrity and is essential for the nucleotide excision repair pathway. Polymorphisms in the XPC gene may alter DNA repair leading to genetic instability and oncogenesis. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between the XPC Ala499Val (rs2228000 C>T) and Lys939Gln (rs2228001 A>C) non-synonymous polymorphisms and susceptibility to chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) pathogenesis, disease progression and the response to targeted therapeutic regimen, imatinib mesylate. METHODS This case-control study included 212 cases and 212 controls, and the genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assays. RESULTS Our results showed significant association of variant CT (odds ratio = 1.92, 95% confidence interval = 1.21-3.06, p = 0.003) and TT (odds ratio = 2.84, 95% confidence interval = 1.22-6.71, p = 0.007) genotypes in patients with the XPC Ala499Val polymorphism and CML risk. In addition, these genotypes were associated with CML progression to advanced phases (p = 0.006), splenomegaly (p = 0.017) and abnormal lactate dehydrogenase levels (p = 0.03). XPC Lys939Gln was found to correlate with a poor response to therapy, showing borderline significant association with minor cytogenetic response (p = 0.08) and a poor molecular response (p = 0.06). Significant association of the Ala499Val and Lys939Gln polymorphisms with prognosis was observed (Hasford high risk, p = 0.031 and p = 0.019, respectively). Haplotype analysis showed a strong correlation of variant TC haplotype with poor therapy responses (minor cytogenetic response, p = 0.019; poor molecular response, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results suggest that XPC Ala499Val is a high-penetrance CML susceptibility polymorphism. Both polymorphisms studied are considered as genetic markers with respect to assessing disease progression, therapy response and prognosis in CML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samyuktha Lakkireddy
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Advanced Studies (JNIAS), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur (JNTUA), Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sangeetha Aula
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Advanced Studies (JNIAS), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur (JNTUA), Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Atya Kapley
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Advanced Studies (JNIAS), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Environmental Genomics Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sadashivudu Gundeti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Kutala
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kaiser Jamil
- Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Advanced Studies (JNIAS), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad (JNTUH), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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9
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Cao L, Li R, Wu X. The Functions and Mechanisms of PR-DUB in Malignancy. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:657150. [PMID: 33796551 PMCID: PMC8008992 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.657150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The interplay between cancer genome and deregulated epigenomic control is critical for cancer initiation and progression. ASXL1 (Additional Sex combs-like 1) is frequently mutated in tumors especially myeloid malignancies. However, there remains a debate whether the mutations are loss or gain-of-function. Mechanistically, ASXL1 forms a complex with BAP1 for the erasure of mono-ubiquitylation at lysine 119 on Histone H2A (H2AK119ub1), a well-known histone mark associated with transcription repression. Unexpectedly, this de-ubiquitylation complex has been genetically defined as a Polycomb Repressive complex though the regulatory mechanisms are elusive. In this review, we will discuss about the functions of ASXL1 in malignancies and reconcile seemingly paradoxical effects of ASXL1 or BAP1 loss on transcription regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xudong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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10
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Jacquelin S, Kramer F, Mullally A, Lane SW. Murine Models of Myelofibrosis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092381. [PMID: 32842500 PMCID: PMC7563264 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelofibrosis (MF) is subtype of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) characterized by a relatively poor prognosis in patients. Understanding the factors that drive MF pathogenesis is crucial to identifying novel therapeutic approaches with the potential to improve patient care. Driver mutations in three main genes (janus kinase 2 (JAK2), calreticulin (CALR), and myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene (MPL)) are recurrently mutated in MPN and are sufficient to engender MPN using animal models. Interestingly, animal studies have shown that the underlying molecular mutation and the acquisition of additional genetic lesions is associated with MF outcome and transition from early stage MPN such as essential thrombocythemia (ET) and polycythemia vera (PV) to secondary MF. In this issue, we review murine models that have contributed to a better characterization of MF pathobiology and identification of new therapeutic opportunities in MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Jacquelin
- Cancer program QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (S.W.L.)
| | - Frederike Kramer
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Ann Mullally
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (F.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Steven W. Lane
- Cancer program QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
- Cancer Care Services, The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane 4029, Australia
- University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.J.); (S.W.L.)
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11
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Imataki O, Ishida T, Kubo H, Uemura M, Nanya Y, Kawakami K, Ogawa S, Kadowaki N. A Case of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Resistant Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Chronic Phase with ASXL1 Mutation. Case Rep Oncol 2020; 13:449-455. [PMID: 32399015 PMCID: PMC7204851 DOI: 10.1159/000506452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematological malignancies, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), exhibit ASXL1 mutations; however, the function and molecular mechanism of these mutations remain unclear. ASXL1 was originally identified as tumor suppressor gene, in which loss of function causes myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). ASXL1 mutations are common and associated with disease progression in myeloid malignancies including MDS, acute myeloid leukemia, and similarly in CML. In MDS, ASXL1 mutations have been associated with poor prognosis; however, the impact of ASXL1 mutations in CML has not been well described. A 31-year-old male was diagnosed as CML-chronic phase (CP). Laboratory findings showed a white blood cell count of 187,200/µL, with asymptomatic splenomegaly. Blast count was 5.0% in peripheral blood and 7.3% in bone marrow. There was no additional chromosomal abnormality except for t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) by chromosomal analysis. At onset, the Sokal score was 1.4, indicating high risk. The patient received tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy, comprising nilotinib ∼600 mg/day, bosutinib ∼600 mg/day, ponatinib ∼45 mg/day, and dasatinib ∼100 mg/day. Nevertheless, after 1.5 years of continuous TKI therapy, the best outcome was a hematological response. Although additional chromosomal aberrations and ABL1 kinase mutations were analyzed repeatedly before and during TKI therapy, known genetic abnormalities were not detected. Thereafter, the patient underwent bone marrow transplantation from an HLA 7/8 matched unrelated donor (HLA-Cw 1 locus mismatch, graft-versus-host direction). The patient achieved neutrophil engraftment, 18 days after transplantation, leading to complete remission with an undetectable level of BCR-ABL1 mRNA. The patient, however, died from graft-versus-host disease and thrombotic microangiopathy after 121 days. Gene sequence analysis of his CML cell before stem cell transplantation revealed ASXL1 mutations. Physiologically, ASXL1 contributes to epigenetic regulation. In the CML-CP patient in this case report, ASXL1 mutation conferred resistance to TKI through obscure resistance mechanisms. Even though a molecular mechanism for TKI resistance in ASXL1 mutation in CML has remained obscure, epigenetic modulation is a plausible mode of CML disease progression. The clinical impact including prognosis of ASXL1 for CML is underscored. And the treatment strategy of CML with ASXL1 mutation has not been established. A discussion of this case was expected to facilitate treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Imataki
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Tomoya Ishida
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.,Kagawa University Hospital Post Graduate Clinical Education Center, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kubo
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Makiko Uemura
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Nanya
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kimihiro Kawakami
- Department of Hematology, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Kadowaki
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
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12
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Low prevalence of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene in a normal population in southern Sarawak. Int J Hematol 2019; 111:217-224. [PMID: 31707540 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-019-02768-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene is the driver mutation of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Its expression level in CML patients is monitored by a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction defined by the International Scale (qPCRIS). BCR-ABL1 has also been found in asymptomatic normal individuals using a non-qPCRIS method. In the present study, we examined the prevalence of BCR-ABL1 in a normal population in southern Sarawak by performing qPCRIS for BCR-ABL1 with ABL1 as an internal control on total white blood cells, using an unbiased sampling method. While 146 of 190 (76.8%) or 102 of 190 (53.7%) samples showed sufficient amplification of the ABL1 gene at > 20,000 or > 100,000 copy numbers, respectively, in qPCRIS, one of the 190 samples showed amplification of BCR-ABL1 with positive qPCRIS of 0.0023% and 0.0032% in two independent experiments, the sequence of which was the BCR-ABL1 e13a2 transcript. Thus, we herein demonstrated that the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene is expected to be present in approximately 0.5-1% of normal individuals in southern Sarawak.
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13
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Muselli F, Peyron JF, Mary D. Druggable Biochemical Pathways and Potential Therapeutic Alternatives to Target Leukemic Stem Cells and Eliminate the Residual Disease in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5616. [PMID: 31717629 PMCID: PMC6888542 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a disease arising in stem cells expressing the BCR-ABL oncogenic tyrosine kinase that transforms one Hematopoietic stem/progenitor Cell into a Leukemic Stem Cell (LSC) at the origin of differentiated and proliferating leukemic cells in the bone marrow (BM). CML-LSCs are recognized as being responsible for resistances and relapses that occur despite the advent of BCR-ABL-targeting therapies with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs). LSCs share a lot of functional properties with Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs) although some phenotypical and functional differences have been described during the last two decades. Subverted mechanisms affecting epigenetic processes, apoptosis, autophagy and more recently metabolism and immunology in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) have been reported. The aim of this review is to bring together the modifications and molecular mechanisms that are known to account for TKI resistance in primary CML-LSCs and to focus on the potential solutions that can circumvent these resistances, in particular those that have been, or will be tested in clinical trials.
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MESH Headings
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/antagonists & inhibitors
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Neoplasm, Residual/drug therapy
- Neoplasm, Residual/metabolism
- Neoplasm, Residual/pathology
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Didier Mary
- Université Côte d’Azur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm) U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, CEDEX 3, 06204 Nice, France; (F.M.); (J.-F.P.)
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14
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Bera R, Chiu MC, Huang YJ, Lin TH, Kuo MC, Shih LY. RUNX1 mutations promote leukemogenesis of myeloid malignancies in ASXL1-mutated leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:104. [PMID: 31640815 PMCID: PMC6805634 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Additional sex combs-like 1 (ASXL1) mutations have been described in all forms of myeloid neoplasms including chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and associated with inferior outcomes, yet the molecular pathogenesis of ASXL1 mutations (ASXL1-MT) remains poorly understood. Transformation of CMML to secondary AML (sAML) is one of the leading causes of death in CMML patients. Previously, we observed that transcription factor RUNX1 mutations (RUNX1-MT) coexisted with ASXL1-MT in CMML and at myeloid blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. The contribution of RUNX1 mutations in the pathogenesis of myeloid transformation in ASXL1-mutated leukemia, however, remains unclear. Methods To evaluate the leukemogenic role of RUNX1-MT in ASXL1-mutated cells, we co-expressed RUNX1-MT (R135T) and ASXL1-MT (R693X) in different cell lines and performed immunoblot, co-immunoprecipitation, gene expression microarray, quantitative RT-PCR, cell proliferation, differentiation, and clonogenic assays for in vitro functional analyses. The in vivo effect was investigated using the C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow transplantation (BMT) model. Results Co-expression of two mutant genes increased myeloid stem cells in animal model, suggesting that cooperation of RUNX1 and ASXL1 mutations played a critical role in leukemia transformation. The expression of RUNX1 mutant in ASXL1-mutated myeloid cells augmented proliferation, blocked differentiation, and increased self-renewal activity. At 9 months post-BMT, mice harboring combined RUNX1 and ASXL1 mutations developed disease characterized by marked splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, and leukocytosis with a shorter latency. Mice transduced with both ASXL1 and RUNX1 mutations enhanced inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1) expression in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow cells. Bone marrow samples from CMML showed that ID1 overexpressed in coexisted mutations of RUNX1 and ASXL1 compared to normal control and either RUNX1-MT or ASXL1-MT samples. Moreover, the RUNX1 mutant protein was more stable than WT and increased HIF1-α and its target ID1 gene expression in ASXL1 mutant cells. Conclusion The present study demonstrated the biological and functional evidence for the critical role of RUNX1-MT in ASXL1-mutated leukemia in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabindranath Bera
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chun Chiu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jung Huang
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Huei Lin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Kuo
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Yung Shih
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 199, Tung-Hwa North Road, Taipei, Taiwan, 10590.
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15
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Bugler J, Kinstrie R, Scott MT, Vetrie D. Epigenetic Reprogramming and Emerging Epigenetic Therapies in CML. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:136. [PMID: 31380371 PMCID: PMC6652210 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by BCR-ABL1, an oncogenic fusion gene arising from the Philadelphia chromosome. The development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to overcome the constitutive tyrosine kinase activity of the BCR-ABL protein has dramatically improved disease management and patient outcomes over the past 20 years. However, the majority of patients are not cured and developing novel therapeutic strategies that target epigenetic processes are a promising avenue to improve cure rates. A number of epigenetic mechanisms are altered or reprogrammed during the development and progression of CML, resulting in alterations in histone modifications, DNA methylation and dysregulation of the transcriptional machinery. In this review these epigenetic alterations are examined and the potential of epigenetic therapies are discussed as a means of eradicating residual disease and offering a potential cure for CML in combination with current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David Vetrie
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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16
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Woo YM, Kim S, Park JH, Lee NY, Kim JW, Kim DDH. Evidence that 6q25.1 variant rs6931104 confers susceptibility to chronic myeloid leukemia through RMND1 regulation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218968. [PMID: 31237926 PMCID: PMC6592567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder. Our previous study reported novel loci as genetic markers associated with increased susceptibility to CML. The present study conducted an expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis to confirm that the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at these loci affect the expression of candidate CML-susceptible genes. We identified that three SNPs (rs963193, rs6931104, and rs9371517) were related to the gene expression pattern of RMND1 (Required For Meiotic Nuclear Division 1 Homolog) in both granulocytes and mononuclear cells from 83 healthy donors. Furthermore, reduced expression of RMND1 expression was noted in CML patients compared with that in healthy individuals. We used the eQTL browsing tool to assess the regulatory information on the three associated significant SNPs, out of which rs6931104 showed strong evidence of regulatory effects. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays demonstrated that A alleles of rs6931104 could significantly change the binding affinity of transcription factor (TF) RFX3 compared to the G alleles. Then, we performed in vitro experiments on BCR-ABL1-positive (BCR-ABL1+) cell lines. We found that expression of the CML-susceptible gene RMND1 is affected by the binding affinity of TF RFX3, suggesting that RFX3 plays a role in RMND1 expression. Our findings suggest potential target genes for associations of genetic susceptibility risk loci and provide further insights into the pathogenesis and mechanism of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Min Woo
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sehwa Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nan Young Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong-Won Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Dennis Dong Hwan Kim
- Department of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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17
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Laying the foundation for genomically-based risk assessment in chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2019; 33:1835-1850. [PMID: 31209280 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Outcomes for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) have substantially improved due to advances in drug development and rational treatment intervention strategies. Despite these significant advances there are still unanswered questions on patient management regarding how to more reliably predict treatment failure at the time of diagnosis and how to select frontline tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy for optimal outcome. The BCR-ABL1 transcript level at diagnosis has no established prognostic impact and cannot guide frontline TKI selection. BCR-ABL1 mutations are detected in ~50% of TKI resistant patients but are rarely responsible for primary resistance. Other resistance mechanisms are largely uncharacterized and there are no other routine molecular testing strategies to facilitate the evaluation and further stratification of TKI resistance. Advances in next-generation sequencing technology has aided the management of a growing number of other malignancies, enabling the incorporation of somatic mutation profiles in diagnosis, classification, and prognostication. A largely unexplored area in CML research is whether expanded genomic analysis at diagnosis, resistance, and disease transformation can enhance patient management decisions, as has occurred for other cancers. The aim of this article is to review publications that reported mutated cancer-associated genes in CML patients at various disease phases. We discuss the frequency and type of such variants at initial diagnosis and at the time of treatment failure and transformation. Current limitations in the evaluation of mutants and recommendations for future reporting are outlined. The collective evaluation of mutational studies over more than a decade suggests a limited set of cancer-associated genes are indeed recurrently mutated in CML and some at a relatively high frequency. Genomic studies have the potential to lay the foundation for improved diagnostic risk classification according to clinical and genomic risk, and to enable more precise early identification of TKI resistance.
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18
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Gjini E, Jing CB, Nguyen AT, Reyon D, Gans E, Kesarsing M, Peterson J, Pozdnyakova O, Rodig SJ, Mansour MR, Joung K, Look AT. Disruption of asxl1 results in myeloproliferative neoplasms in zebrafish. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:12/5/dmm035790. [PMID: 31064769 PMCID: PMC6550042 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.035790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic loss-of-function mutations of the additional sex combs-like transcriptional regulator 1 (ASXL1) gene are common genetic abnormalities in human myeloid malignancies and induce clonal expansion of mutated hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). To understand how ASXL1 disruption leads to myeloid cell transformation, we generated asxl1 haploinsufficient and null zebrafish lines using genome-editing technology. Here, we show that homozygous loss of asxl1 leads to apoptosis of newly formed HSCs. Apoptosis occurred via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway mediated by upregulation of bim and bid. Half of the asxl1+/− zebrafish had myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) by 5 months of age. Heterozygous loss of asxl1 combined with heterozygous loss of tet2 led to a more penetrant MPN phenotype, while heterozygous loss of asxl1 combined with complete loss of tet2 led to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These findings support the use of asxl1+/− zebrafish as a strategy to identify small-molecule drugs to suppress the growth of asxl1 mutant but not wild-type HSCs in individuals with somatically acquired inactivating mutations of ASXL1. Summary: Homozygous loss of asxl1 in zebrafish leads to apoptosis of newly formed HSCs by upregulation of bim and bid. Half of the asxl1+/− zebrafish had MPNs by 5 months of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evisa Gjini
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Chang-Bin Jing
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Ashley T Nguyen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Deepak Reyon
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Emma Gans
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Michiel Kesarsing
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Joshua Peterson
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Olga Pozdnyakova
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Scott J Rodig
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Marc R Mansour
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02215, USA.,Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6AG, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Joung
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.,Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - A Thomas Look
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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19
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Guo Y, Zhou Y, Yamatomo S, Yang H, Zhang P, Chen S, Nimer SD, Zhao ZJ, Xu M, Bai J, Yang FC. ASXL1 alteration cooperates with JAK2V617F to accelerate myelofibrosis. Leukemia 2019; 33:1287-1291. [PMID: 30651633 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Shohei Yamatomo
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Hui Yang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shi Chen
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Stephen D Nimer
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Zhizhuang Joe Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jie Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Feng-Chun Yang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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20
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Magistroni V, Mauri M, D'Aliberti D, Mezzatesta C, Crespiatico I, Nava M, Fontana D, Sharma N, Parker W, Schreiber A, Yeung D, Pirola A, Readelli S, Massimino L, Wang P, Khandelwal P, Citterio S, Viltadi M, Bombelli S, Rigolio R, Perego R, Boultwood J, Morotti A, Saglio G, Kim DW, Branford S, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Piazza R. De novo UBE2A mutations are recurrently acquired during chronic myeloid leukemia progression and interfere with myeloid differentiation pathways. Haematologica 2019; 104:1789-1797. [PMID: 30819912 PMCID: PMC6717574 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.179937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the advent of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, a proportion of chronic myeloid leukemia patients in chronic phase fail to respond to imatinib or to second-generation inhibitors and progress to blast crisis. Until now, improvements in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for chronic myeloid leukemia transformation from chronic phase to the aggressive blast crisis remain limited. Here we present a large parallel sequencing analysis of 10 blast crisis samples and of the corresponding autologous chronic phase controls that reveals, for the first time, recurrent mutations affecting the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2A gene (UBE2A, formerly RAD6A). Additional analyses on a cohort of 24 blast crisis, 41 chronic phase as well as 40 acute myeloid leukemia and 38 atypical chronic myeloid leukemia patients at onset confirmed that UBE2A mutations are specifically acquired during chronic myeloid leukemia progression, with a frequency of 16.7% in advanced phases. In vitro studies show that the mutations here described cause a decrease in UBE2A activity, leading to an impairment of myeloid differentiation in chronic myeloid leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Magistroni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Mario Mauri
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Deborah D'Aliberti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Caterina Mezzatesta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Ilaria Crespiatico
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Miriam Nava
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Diletta Fontana
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Nitesh Sharma
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Wendy Parker
- Center for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - David Yeung
- Center for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Sara Readelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Massimino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Paul Wang
- Center for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Praveen Khandelwal
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Stefania Citterio
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Milano Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Michela Viltadi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Silvia Bombelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberta Rigolio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto Perego
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Jacqueline Boultwood
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dong-Wook Kim
- Department of Hematology, Catholic University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Susan Branford
- Center for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia.,University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Hematology and Clinical Research Unit, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Rocco Piazza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
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21
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Clonal Hematopoiesis with Oncogenic Potential (CHOP): Separation from CHIP and Roads to AML. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030789. [PMID: 30759825 PMCID: PMC6387423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of leukemia is a step-wise process that is associated with molecular diversification and clonal selection of neoplastic stem cells. Depending on the number and combinations of lesions, one or more sub-clones expand/s after a variable latency period. Initial stages may develop early in life or later in adulthood and include premalignant (indolent) stages and the malignant phase, defined by an acute leukemia. We recently proposed a cancer model in which the earliest somatic lesions are often age-related early mutations detectable in apparently healthy individuals and where additional oncogenic mutations will lead to the development of an overt neoplasm that is usually a preleukemic condition such as a myelodysplastic syndrome. These neoplasms may or may not transform to overt acute leukemia over time. Thus, depending on the type and number of somatic mutations, clonal hematopoiesis (CH) can be divided into CH with indeterminate potential (CHIP) and CH with oncogenic potential (CHOP). Whereas CHIP mutations per se usually create the molecular background of a neoplastic process, CHOP mutations are disease-related or even disease-specific lesions that trigger differentiation and/or proliferation of neoplastic cells. Over time, the acquisition of additional oncogenic events converts preleukemic neoplasms into secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). In the present article, recent developments in the field are discussed with a focus on CHOP mutations that lead to distinct myeloid neoplasms, their role in disease evolution, and the impact of additional lesions that can drive a preleukemic neoplasm into sAML.
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22
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Hu J, Xu J, Tian T, Xie J, Fan L, Zhu G, Xia T, Chen X, Tan Y, Chen X, Ren F, Zhang Y, Wang H, Xu Z. TET2 rs2454206, TET2 rs12498609 and ASXL1 rs3746609 single nucleotide polymorphisms in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2019; 74:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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23
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Hassan FM. The Association of rs2114358 in the miR-1206 Polymorphism to Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Microrna 2019; 8:248-252. [PMID: 30605069 DOI: 10.2174/2211536608666190102143439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Association studies with factor candidates have advised that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could also be related to CML progression and to the response to medical care. Genetic variation in miR-1206 of both derived and neighborhood SNPs process genes will contribute to the predisposition to cancer. The role of those with the risk of CML has not been extensively studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether polymorphisms in rs2114358 in pre-miRNAs process genes contribute to the risk of CML. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted during the period of March 2016 to October 2017 in Khartoum state teaching hospitals. The study population included a total of 420 patients who were previously diagnosed of having CML and 220 cancer-free controls of both gender and were of the same age range. Peripheral blood and bone marrow aspiration samples were collected from patients (254 males, 166 females; median age 58.5 years, range from less than 50 and above 50 years old) and investigated after written informed consent was obtained. Patients were in chronic phase (n=212), accelerated phase (n=125), and blast (n=83). All the patients were under treatment using chemotherapy regiments. The rs2114358 SNP in pre-miRNA was selected for genotyping. RESULTS The genotyping success rate was 98.3%. Genotype frequencies of the derived SNP and the neighborhood rs2114358 of miR-1206 compared to the controls were significantly different under Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (P=0.0001 and 0.0001 respectively). Significant differences were found in allele distributions of this SNP (P<0.01 and P<0.01). In total, the derived variant C allele of rs2114358 (OR=0.168, 95% CI=0.13-0.22) and G allele of neighborhood rs2114358 (OR=0.561, 95% CI=0.44-0.72) in patients' group were associated with an increased risk of CML compared to a control group. Patients with rs2114358 CC genotype (P = 0.0001) or TC (P = 0.0001) and the neighborhood rs2114358 GA genotype (P = 0.0460) or GG (P = 0.0093) were obviously much higher than that of the TT and AA genotype's patients. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we discovered the association of SNP rs2114358 in miR-1206 with the risk of CML patients, though more investigations are still required to understand the regulative mechanisms of this miR SNP with the target genes resulting in its dysregulation.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Female
- Genotype
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Middle Aged
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathelrahman Mahdi Hassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Bidet A, Dulucq S, Smol T, Marceau-Renaut A, Morisset S, Coiteux V, Noël-Walter MP, Nicolini FE, Tigaud I, Luquet I, Struski S, Gaillard B, Penther D, Tondeur S, Nadal N, Hermet E, Véronèse L, Réa D, Gervais C, Theisen O, Terré C, Cony-Makhoul P, Lefebvre C, Gaillard JB, Radford I, Vervaeke AL, Barin C, Chapiro E, Nguyen-Khac F, Etienne G, Preudhomme C, Mahon FX, Roche-Lestienne C. Poor prognosis of chromosome 7 clonal aberrations in Philadelphia-negative metaphases and relevance of potential underlying myelodysplastic features in chronic myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2018; 104:1150-1155. [PMID: 30573507 PMCID: PMC6545846 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.208801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal chromosome abnormalities in Philadelphia-negative cells could concern chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated by tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The European LeukemiaNet distinguishes -7/del(7q) abnormalities as a “warning”. However, the impact of clonal chromosome abnormalities, and specifically those of -7/del(7q), in Philadelphia-negative cells on clinical outcomes is unclear and based on case-reports showing morphological dysplasia and increased risk of acute myeloid leukemia, suggesting the coexistence of chronic myeloid leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. The aim of this study was to determine whether the impact of -7/del(7q) clonal chromosome abnormalities in Philadelphia-negative cells on the clinical outcome is different from that of other types of abnormalities, and we argue for an underlying associated high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Among 102 chronic myeloid leukemia patients with clonal chromosome abnormalities in Philadelphia-negative cells with more than a median of 6 years of follow up, patients with -7/del(7q) more frequently had signs of dysplasia, a lower cumulative incidence of deep molecular response and often needed further treatment lines, with the consequent impact on event-free and progression-free survival. Morphological features of dysplasia are associated with myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia mutations and compromise the optimal response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, irrespectively of the type of clonal chromosome abnormalities in Philadelphia-negative cells. However, mutation patterns determined by next-generation sequencing could not clearly explain the underlying high-risk disease. We hereby confirm the pejorative prognostic value of -7/del(7q) clonal chromosome abnormalities in Philadelphia-negative cells and suggest that myelodysplastic features constitute a warning signal that response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors may be less than optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas Smol
- Institut de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille.,Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert, UMR-S 1172, Université de Lille
| | - Alice Marceau-Renaut
- Institut d'Hématologie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, CHU Lille.,Inserm, UMR-S 1172, Lille
| | | | - Valérie Coiteux
- Service des Maladies du Sang, Hôpital Claude Huriez, CHU Lille
| | | | - Franck-Emmanuel Nicolini
- Département d'Hématologie, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon.,Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon
| | - Isabelle Tigaud
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique et de Biologie Moléculaire, Service d'Hématologie Biologique - CBPAS, GHS - Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Luquet
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Plateau Technique Hématologie-Oncologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Tolouse Oncopole
| | - Stéphanie Struski
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Plateau Technique Hématologie-Oncologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Tolouse Oncopole
| | | | - Dominique Penther
- Laboratoire de Génétique Oncologique, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Henri Becquerel, Rouen
| | - Sylvie Tondeur
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie-Cytogénétique, CHU Saint-Etienne, Hôpital Nord, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2
| | - Nathalie Nadal
- Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique et Moléculaire, Plateau Technique de Biologie, CHU de Dijon
| | - Eric Hermet
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand
| | | | - Delphine Réa
- Service Clinique des Maladies du Sang, Hôpital St Louis, Paris
| | - Carine Gervais
- Laboratoire Régional de Cytogénétique Hématologique d'Alsace, CHU de Haute Pierre, Strasbourg Cedex
| | - Olivier Theisen
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Hématologique, Plateau Technique Hôtel Dieu, Nantes
| | - Christine Terré
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique du Centre Hospitalier Valence, Le Chesnay
| | | | - Christine Lefebvre
- Unité de Génétique des Hémopathies, Institut de Biologie et Pathologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Cedex 9
| | | | - Isabelle Radford
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris
| | | | - Carole Barin
- Laboratoire de Cytogénétique Onco-Hématologie, Hôpital Bretonneau, Tours
| | - Elise Chapiro
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris et Sorbonne Université, Paris
| | - Florence Nguyen-Khac
- Service d'Hématologie Biologique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris et Sorbonne Université, Paris
| | - Gabriel Etienne
- Département d'Hématologie, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Claude Preudhomme
- Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert, UMR-S 1172, Université de Lille.,Institut d'Hématologie, Centre de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, CHU Lille.,Inserm, UMR-S 1172, Lille
| | | | - Catherine Roche-Lestienne
- Institut de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille .,Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre Aubert, UMR-S 1172, Université de Lille.,Inserm, UMR-S 1172, Lille
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25
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PRR14L mutations are associated with chromosome 22 acquired uniparental disomy, age-related clonal hematopoiesis and myeloid neoplasia. Leukemia 2018; 33:1184-1194. [PMID: 30573780 PMCID: PMC6451636 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Acquired uniparental disomy (aUPD, also known as copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity) is a common feature of cancer cells and characterized by extended tracts of somatically-acquired homozygosity without any concurrent loss or gain of genetic material. The presumed genetic targets of many regions of aUPD remain unknown. Here we describe the association of chromosome 22 aUPD with mutations that delete the C-terminus of PRR14L in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), related myeloid neoplasms and age-related clonal hematopoiesis (ARCH). Myeloid panel analysis identified a median of 3 additional mutated genes (range 1-6) in cases with a myeloid neoplasm (n=8), but no additional mutations in cases with ARCH (n=2) suggesting that mutated PRR14L alone may be sufficient to drive clonality. PRR14L has very limited homology to other proteins and its function is unknown. ShRNA knockdown of PRR14L in human CD34+ cells followed by in vitro growth and differentiation assays showed an increase in monocytes and decrease in neutrophils consistent, with a CMML-like phenotype. RNA-Seq and cellular localization studies suggest a role for PRR14L in cell division. PRR14L is thus a novel, biallelically mutated gene and potential founding abnormality in myeloid neoplasms.
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26
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Kuan JW, Su AT, Leong CF, Osato M, Sashida G. Systematic review of pre-clinical chronic myeloid leukaemia. Int J Hematol 2018; 108:465-484. [PMID: 30218276 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-018-2528-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of a provisional entity pre-clinical chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), which precedes chronic phase (CP) without leucocytosis or blood/marrow feature of CML CP, has been increasing. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review of pre-clinical CML and analysis the data relevant to disease progression to CML CP. METHOD We performed a literature search on 16 July 2017 using EBSCOhost Research Databases interface and Western Pacific Region Index Medicus. Two authors selected the studies, extracted the data and evaluated the quality of studies using an 8-item tool, independently. The outcomes were percentage of Philadelphia chromosome in the number of metaphases examined (Ph%), correlation between Ph% and blood count and time progress to CML. RESULT Our initial search returned 4770 studies. A total of 10 studies with a total 17 subjects were included. The lowest Ph%, which eventually progresses to CML, was 10%. Absolute basophil count seemed to correlate better with Ph% compared to total white cell and absolute eosinophil count. The time from the first documented pre-clinical CML to CML ranged from 12 to 48 months. The overall quality of the included studies was average. CONCLUSION This is the first systematic review on pre-clinical CML. This entity requires additional large-scale studies.
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MESH Headings
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase
- Leukocytosis/pathology
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Jew Win Kuan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Anselm Ting Su
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Chooi Fun Leong
- Department of Pathology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Motomi Osato
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Goro Sashida
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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27
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Kanagal-Shamanna R, Hodge JC, Tucker T, Shetty S, Yenamandra A, Dixon-McIver A, Bryke C, Huxley E, Lennon PA, Raca G, Xu X, Jeffries S, Quintero-Rivera F, Greipp PT, Slovak ML, Iqbal MA, Fang M. Assessing copy number aberrations and copy neutral loss of heterozygosity across the genome as best practice: An evidence based review of clinical utility from the cancer genomics consortium (CGC) working group for myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative and myeloproliferative neoplasms. Cancer Genet 2018; 228-229:197-217. [PMID: 30377088 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple studies have demonstrated the utility of chromosomal microarray (CMA) testing to identify clinically significant copy number alterations (CNAs) and copy-neutral loss-of-heterozygosity (CN-LOH) in myeloid malignancies. However, guidelines for integrating CMA as a standard practice for diagnostic evaluation, assessment of prognosis and predicting treatment response are still lacking. CMA has not been recommended for clinical work-up of myeloid malignancies by the WHO 2016 or the NCCN 2017 guidelines but is a suggested test by the European LeukaemiaNet 2013 for the diagnosis of primary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The Cancer Genomics Consortium (CGC) Working Group for Myeloid Neoplasms systematically reviewed peer-reviewed literature to determine the power of CMA in (1) improving diagnostic yield, (2) refining risk stratification, and (3) providing additional genomic information to guide therapy. In this manuscript, we summarize the evidence base for the clinical utility of array testing in the workup of MDS, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). This review provides a list of recurrent CNAs and CN-LOH noted in this disease spectrum and describes the clinical significance of the aberrations and how they complement gene mutation findings by sequencing. Furthermore, for new or suspected diagnosis of MDS or MPN, we present suggestions for integrating genomic testing methods (CMA and mutation testing by next generation sequencing) into the current standard-of-care clinical laboratory testing (karyotype, FISH, morphology, and flow).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, USA.
| | - Jennelle C Hodge
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tracy Tucker
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Genetics Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Shashi Shetty
- Department of Pathology, UHCMC, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashwini Yenamandra
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Christine Bryke
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emma Huxley
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Gordana Raca
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xinjie Xu
- ARUP Laboratories, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sally Jeffries
- West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fabiola Quintero-Rivera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA Clinical Genomics Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patricia T Greipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marilyn L Slovak
- TriCore Reference Laboratories, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - M Anwar Iqbal
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Min Fang
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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28
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Madan V, Han L, Hattori N, Teoh WW, Mayakonda A, Sun QY, Ding LW, Nordin HBM, Lim SL, Shyamsunder P, Dakle P, Sundaresan J, Doan NB, Sanada M, Sato-Otsubo A, Meggendorfer M, Yang H, Said JW, Ogawa S, Haferlach T, Liang DC, Shih LY, Nakamaki T, Wang QT, Koeffler HP. ASXL2 regulates hematopoiesis in mice and its deficiency promotes myeloid expansion. Haematologica 2018; 103:1980-1990. [PMID: 30093396 PMCID: PMC6269306 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.189928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal translocation t(8;21)(q22;q22) which leads to the generation of oncogenic RUNX1-RUNX1T1 (AML1-ETO) fusion is observed in approximately 10% of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). To identify somatic mutations that co-operate with t(8;21)-driven leukemia, we performed whole and targeted exome sequencing of an Asian cohort at diagnosis and relapse. We identified high frequency of truncating alterations in ASXL2 along with recurrent mutations of KIT, TET2, MGA, FLT3, and DHX15 in this subtype of AML. To investigate in depth the role of ASXL2 in normal hematopoiesis, we utilized a mouse model of ASXL2 deficiency. Loss of ASXL2 caused progressive hematopoietic defects characterized by myeloid hyperplasia, splenomegaly, extramedullary hematopoiesis, and poor reconstitution ability in transplantation models. Parallel analyses of young and >1-year old Asxl2-deficient mice revealed age-dependent perturbations affecting, not only myeloid and erythroid differentiation, but also maturation of lymphoid cells. Overall, these findings establish a critical role for ASXL2 in maintaining steady state hematopoiesis, and provide insights into how its loss primes the expansion of myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Madan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | - Lin Han
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore
| | - Norimichi Hattori
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore .,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Weoi Woon Teoh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | - Anand Mayakonda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | - Qiao-Yang Sun
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | - Ling-Wen Ding
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | | | - Su Lin Lim
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | | | - Pushkar Dakle
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | - Janani Sundaresan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | - Ngan B Doan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Santa Monica-University of California-Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Masashi Sanada
- Department of Advanced Diagnosis, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Aiko Sato-Otsubo
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | | | - Henry Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore
| | - Jonathan W Said
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Santa Monica-University of California-Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | | | - Der-Cherng Liang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Yung Shih
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nakamaki
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Showa University, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Q Tian Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore.,Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore (NCIS), National University Hospital, Singapore
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29
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Frequent ASXL1 mutations in children and young adults with chronic myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2018; 32:2046-2049. [PMID: 29899367 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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30
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Yang H, Kurtenbach S, Guo Y, Lohse I, Durante MA, Li J, Li Z, Al-Ali H, Li L, Chen Z, Field MG, Zhang P, Chen S, Yamamoto S, Li Z, Zhou Y, Nimer SD, Harbour JW, Wahlestedt C, Xu M, Yang FC. Gain of function of ASXL1 truncating protein in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies. Blood 2018; 131:328-341. [PMID: 29113963 PMCID: PMC5774208 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-06-789669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Additional Sex Combs-Like 1 (ASXL1) is mutated at a high frequency in all forms of myeloid malignancies associated with poor prognosis. We generated a Vav1 promoter-driven Flag-Asxl1Y588X transgenic mouse model, Asxl1Y588X Tg, to express a truncated FLAG-ASXL1aa1-587 protein in the hematopoietic system. The Asxl1Y588X Tg mice had an enlarged hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool, shortened survival, and predisposition to a spectrum of myeloid malignancies, thereby recapitulating the characteristics of myeloid malignancy patients with ASXL1 mutations. ATAC- and RNA-sequencing analyses revealed that the ASXL1aa1-587 truncating protein expression results in more open chromatin in cKit+ cells compared with wild-type cells, accompanied by dysregulated expression of genes critical for HSC self-renewal and differentiation. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and coimmunoprecipitation experiments showed that ASXL1aa1-587 acquired an interaction with BRD4. An epigenetic drug screening demonstrated a hypersensitivity of Asxl1Y588X Tg bone marrow cells to BET bromodomain inhibitors. This study demonstrates that ASXL1aa1-587 plays a gain-of-function role in promoting myeloid malignancies. Our model provides a powerful platform to test therapeutic approaches of targeting the ASXL1 truncation mutations in myeloid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | | | - Ying Guo
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Ines Lohse
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
| | | | - Jianping Li
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Zhaomin Li
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Hassan Al-Ali
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Peggy and Harold Katz Family Drug Discovery Center, and
| | - Lingxiao Li
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; and
| | - Zizhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital and Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Matthew G Field
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute
| | - Peng Zhang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Shi Chen
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Shohei Yamamoto
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Zhuo Li
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital and Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Stephen D Nimer
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; and
| | - J William Harbour
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute
| | - Claes Wahlestedt
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Feng-Chun Yang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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31
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Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with an e6a2 BCR-ABL1 Fusion Transcript: Cooperating Mutations at Blast Crisis and Molecular Monitoring. Case Rep Hematol 2017; 2017:9071702. [PMID: 29123930 PMCID: PMC5662812 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9071702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A minority of chronic myeloid leukemia patients (CML) express a variety of atypical BCR-ABL1 fusion variants and, of these, the e6a2 BCR-ABL1 fusion is generally associated with an aggressive disease course. Progression of CML to blast crisis is associated with acquisition of additional somatic mutations yet these events have not been elucidated in patients with the e6a2 BCR-ABL1 genotype. Moreover, molecular monitoring is only sporadically performed in CML patients with atypical BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts due to lack of consensus approaches or standardization. A case of CML is described in which comprehensive molecular analysis, including targeted next-generation sequencing, revealed a single ASXL1 mutation cooperating with an e6a2 BCR-ABL1 fusion transcript at blast crisis. A quantitative molecular monitoring approach was devised and adopted that reflected the disease response from initial treatment through allogeneic stem cell transplantation which resulted in undetectable e6a2 BCR-ABL1 transcripts. This case emphasizes the requirement for molecular monitoring in CML patients with atypical BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts and emphasizes that comprehensive sequencing has the potential to identify targets for novel therapies in CML patients with advanced disease.
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32
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Togasaki E, Takeda J, Yoshida K, Shiozawa Y, Takeuchi M, Oshima M, Saraya A, Iwama A, Yokote K, Sakaida E, Hirase C, Takeshita A, Imai K, Okumura H, Morishita Y, Usui N, Takahashi N, Fujisawa S, Shiraishi Y, Chiba K, Tanaka H, Kiyoi H, Ohnishi K, Ohtake S, Asou N, Kobayashi Y, Miyazaki Y, Miyano S, Ogawa S, Matsumura I, Nakaseko C, Naoe T. Frequent somatic mutations in epigenetic regulators in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood Cancer J 2017; 7:e559. [PMID: 28452984 PMCID: PMC5436079 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2017.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have significantly improved the prognosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), the ability of TKIs to eradicate CML remains uncertain and patients must continue TKI therapy for indefinite periods. In this study, we performed whole-exome sequencing to identify somatic mutations in 24 patients with newly diagnosed chronic phase CML who were registered in the JALSG CML212 study. We identified 191 somatic mutations other than the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene (median 8, range 1–17). Age, hemoglobin concentration and white blood cell counts were correlated with the number of mutations. Patients with mutations ⩾6 showed higher rate of achieving major molecular response than those<6 (P=0.0381). Mutations in epigenetic regulator, ASXL1, TET2, TET3, KDM1A and MSH6 were found in 25% of patients. TET2 or TET3, AKT1 and RUNX1 were mutated in one patient each. ASXL1 was mutated within exon 12 in three cases. Mutated genes were significantly enriched with cell signaling and cell division pathways. Furthermore, DNA copy number analysis showed that 2 of 24 patients had uniparental disomy of chromosome 1p or 3q, which disappeared major molecular response was achieved. These mutations may play significant roles in CML pathogenesis in addition to the strong driver mutation BCR-ABL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Togasaki
- Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - J Takeda
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Shiozawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Takeuchi
- Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Oshima
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - A Saraya
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - A Iwama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Yokote
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - E Sakaida
- Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - C Hirase
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Takeshita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - K Imai
- Department of Hematology, Sapporo Hokuyu Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - H Okumura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Y Morishita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, JA Aichi Konan Kosei Hospital, Konan, Japan
| | - N Usui
- Division of Clinical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University Daisan Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - S Fujisawa
- Department of Hematology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Shiraishi
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Chiba
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Tanaka
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Kiyoi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - K Ohnishi
- Japanese Red Cross Aichi Blood Center, Seto, Japan
| | - S Ohtake
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - N Asou
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Y Kobayashi
- Division of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Miyazaki
- Department of Hematology and Molecular Medicine Unit, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - S Miyano
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Sequence Analysis, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - I Matsumura
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - C Nakaseko
- Department of Hematology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Naoe
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
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Li Z, Zhang P, Yan A, Guo Z, Ban Y, Li J, Chen S, Yang H, He Y, Li J, Guo Y, Zhang W, Hajiramezanali E, An H, Fajardo D, Harbour JW, Ruan Y, Nimer SD, Yu P, Chen X, Xu M, Yang FC. ASXL1 interacts with the cohesin complex to maintain chromatid separation and gene expression for normal hematopoiesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1601602. [PMID: 28116354 PMCID: PMC5249256 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ASXL1 is frequently mutated in a spectrum of myeloid malignancies with poor prognosis. Loss of Asxl1 leads to myelodysplastic syndrome-like disease in mice; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. We report that ASXL1 interacts with the cohesin complex, which has been shown to guide sister chromatid segregation and regulate gene expression. Loss of Asxl1 impairs the cohesin function, as reflected by an impaired telophase chromatid disjunction in hematopoietic cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by DNA sequencing data revealed that ASXL1, RAD21, and SMC1A share 93% of genomic binding sites at promoter regions in Lin-cKit+ (LK) cells. We have shown that loss of Asxl1 reduces the genome binding of RAD21 and SMC1A and alters the expression of ASXL1/cohesin target genes in LK cells. Our study underscores the ASXL1-cohesin interaction as a novel means to maintain normal sister chromatid separation and regulate gene expression in hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomin Li
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Aimin Yan
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Zhengyu Guo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and TEES-AgriLife Center for Bioinformatics and Genomic Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yuguang Ban
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and TEES-AgriLife Center for Bioinformatics and Genomic Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shi Chen
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Hui Yang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yongzheng He
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jianping Li
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ying Guo
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Wen Zhang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ehsan Hajiramezanali
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and TEES-AgriLife Center for Bioinformatics and Genomic Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Huangda An
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Darlene Fajardo
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - J. William Harbour
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yijun Ruan
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Stephen D. Nimer
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and TEES-AgriLife Center for Bioinformatics and Genomic Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Mingjiang Xu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Feng-Chun Yang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Valletta S, Dolatshad H, Bartenstein M, Yip BH, Bello E, Gordon S, Yu Y, Shaw J, Roy S, Scifo L, Schuh A, Pellagatti A, Fulga TA, Verma A, Boultwood J. ASXL1 mutation correction by CRISPR/Cas9 restores gene function in leukemia cells and increases survival in mouse xenografts. Oncotarget 2016; 6:44061-71. [PMID: 26623729 PMCID: PMC4792541 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent somatic mutations of the epigenetic modifier and tumor suppressor ASXL1 are common in myeloid malignancies, including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and are associated with poor clinical outcome. CRISPR/Cas9 has recently emerged as a powerful and versatile genome editing tool for genome engineering in various species. We have used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to correct the ASXL1 homozygous nonsense mutation present in the CML cell line KBM5, which lacks ASXL1 protein expression. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ASXL1 homozygous correction resulted in protein re-expression with restored normal function, including down-regulation of Polycomb repressive complex 2 target genes. Significantly reduced cell growth and increased myeloid differentiation were observed in ASXL1 mutation-corrected cells, providing new insights into the role of ASXL1 in human myeloid cell differentiation. Mice xenografted with mutation-corrected KBM5 cells showed significantly longer survival than uncorrected xenografts. These results show that the sole correction of a driver mutation in leukemia cells increases survival in vivo in mice. This study provides proof-of-concept for driver gene mutation correction via CRISPR/Cas9 technology in human leukemia cells and presents a strategy to illuminate the impact of oncogenic mutations on cellular function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Valletta
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Hamid Dolatshad
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Bon Ham Yip
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Erica Bello
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Yiting Yu
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jacqueline Shaw
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Swagata Roy
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Laura Scifo
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Schuh
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea Pellagatti
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Tudor A Fulga
- Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Amit Verma
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jacqueline Boultwood
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford and BRC Blood Theme, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Centre, Oxford University Hospital, Oxford, UK
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35
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Bruzzoni-Giovanelli H, González JR, Sigaux F, Villoutreix BO, Cayuela JM, Guilhot J, Preudhomme C, Guilhot F, Poyet JL, Rousselot P. Genetic polymorphisms associated with increased risk of developing chronic myelogenous leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 6:36269-77. [PMID: 26474455 PMCID: PMC4742176 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about inherited factors associated with the risk of developing chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). We used a dedicated DNA chip containing 16 561 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering 1 916 candidate genes to analyze 437 CML patients and 1 144 healthy control individuals. Single SNP association analysis identified 139 SNPs that passed multiple comparisons (1% false discovery rate). The HDAC9, AVEN, SEMA3C, IKBKB, GSTA3, RIPK1 and FGF2 genes were each represented by three SNPs, the PSM family by four SNPs and the SLC15A1 gene by six. Haplotype analysis showed that certain combinations of rare alleles of these genes increased the risk of developing CML by more than two or three-fold. A classification tree model identified five SNPs belonging to the genes PSMB10, TNFRSF10D, PSMB2, PPARD and CYP26B1, which were associated with CML predisposition. A CML-risk-allele score was created using these five SNPs. This score was accurate for discriminating CML status (AUC: 0.61, 95%CI: 0.58-0.64). Interestingly, the score was associated with age at diagnosis and the average number of risk alleles was significantly higher in younger patients. The risk-allele score showed the same distribution in the general population (HapMap CEU samples) as in our control individuals and was associated with differential gene expression patterns of two genes (VAPA and TDRKH). In conclusion, we describe haplotypes and a genetic score that are significantly associated with a predisposition to develop CML. The SNPs identified will also serve to drive fundamental research on the putative role of these genes in CML development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heriberto Bruzzoni-Giovanelli
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité UMRS 1160 INSERM, Paris, France.,Centre d'Investigations Cliniques 9504 INSERM-AP-HP Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Juan R González
- Centre de Recerca en Epidemiologia Ambiental (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain Centre de Recerca en Epidemiologia Ambiental (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - François Sigaux
- Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bruno O Villoutreix
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité UMRS 973 Inserm, Paris, France/ Inserm, U973, Paris, France
| | - Jean Michel Cayuela
- Laboratoire Central d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.,EA3518, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Claude Preudhomme
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Inserm, U837, CHRU, Lille, France/Université de Lille Nord, Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Jean-Luc Poyet
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité UMRS 1160 INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Rousselot
- Service d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie, Hôpital Mignot, Université Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France
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36
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Valikhani A, Poopak B, Ferdowsi S, Azizi Tabesh G, Ghaffari SH, Saraf Kazeruoni E, Rezaei N, Farshchi A, Amirizadeh N. ASXL1 and JAK2V617F gene mutation screening in Iranian patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2016; 13:e41-e47. [PMID: 27640403 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM In recent years, a few cases of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) have been reported with both BCR-ABL and JAK2V617F mutations. Moreover, mutations in the additional sex comb-like 1 (ASXL1) gene were recently shown in various myeloid malignancies.There were no previous studies investigating the incidence of the ASXL1 and JAK2V617F mutations in Iranian patients with CML. Consequently, this study focuses on the analysis of these mutations in patients with CML. METHODS In total, 66 patients with a clinical diagnosis of CML were examined at the time of diagnosis. Thirty healthy subjects were checked as controls. Exon 12 of ASXL1 was amplified from genomic DNA and bidirectionally sequenced. We also performed JAK2V617F screening by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. RESULTS Mutations in the ASXL1 gene were found in five out of 66 CML patients (7.6%). We identified a novel variant (c.1968G > A, p.Asp656Asn) in one of the patients that has not been reported before. We also identified BCR-ABL and JAK2V617F mutations simultaneously in four patients (6%). CONCLUSION Our demonstration of ASXL1 mutation, a putative tumor suppressor gene, represents an important molecular abnormality in CML. We also showed that concomitant detection of BCR-ABL and JAK2V617F mutations has a relatively high incidence in Iranian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Valikhani
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behzad Poopak
- Tehran Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Ferdowsi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azizi Tabesh
- Department of School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed H Ghaffari
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saraf Kazeruoni
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Rezaei
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Farshchi
- Department of Microbiology, Urmia University, Urmia, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Amirizadeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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37
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Lin Y, Zheng Y, Wang ZC, Wang SY. Prognostic significance of ASXL1 mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: A meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 21:454-61. [PMID: 27077763 DOI: 10.1080/10245332.2015.1106815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although additional sex comb-like 1 (ASXL1) gene mutations have long been reported in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), the prognostic significance has been controversial. Therefore, a meta-analysis to study the impact of ASXL1 mutations on patients with MDS and CMML is useful. METHODS The identified articles were retrieved from some common databases. We extracted hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and leukemic-free survival (LFS) and P-value of some clinical parameters, which compared AXSL1 mutations to those without from the available studies. Each individual HR and P-value was used to calculate the pooled HR and P-value. RESULTS Six studies covering 1689 patients were selected for this meta-analysis. The pooled HRs for OS and LFS were 1.45 (95% confidential interval (CI), 1.24-1.70) and 2.20 (95% CI, 1.53-3.17), respectively. When considering CMML patients alone the HR for OS was 1.50 (95% CI, 1.18-1.90). Additionally, ASXL1 mutations were more frequently found in male (P = 0.008), older (P = 0.019), and patients with lower platelets (P = 0.009) or hemoglobin level (P = 0.0015) and associated with other mutations such as EZH2, IDH1/2, RUNX1, and TET2. DISCUSSION Although our analysis has its limitation, it showed that ASXL1 mutations had significant inferior impact on OS and LFS for French-American-British-defined MDS patients. However, the influence of different types of ASXL1 mutations on patients with MDS still needs illustrating. CONCLUSION ASXL1 mutations were associated with poor prognosis in MDS, which may contribute to risk stratification and prognostic assessment in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lin
- a Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou , P.R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- a Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou , P.R. China
| | - Ze-Chuan Wang
- a Union Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou , P.R. China
| | - Shao-Yuan Wang
- b Department of Hematology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Hematology , Fujian Medical University Union Hospital , Fuzhou , P.R. China
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38
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Giotopoulos G, van der Weyden L, Osaki H, Rust AG, Gallipoli P, Meduri E, Horton SJ, Chan WI, Foster D, Prinjha RK, Pimanda JE, Tenen DG, Vassiliou GS, Koschmieder S, Adams DJ, Huntly BJP. A novel mouse model identifies cooperating mutations and therapeutic targets critical for chronic myeloid leukemia progression. J Exp Med 2015; 212:1551-69. [PMID: 26304963 PMCID: PMC4577832 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20141661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of highly selective ABL-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has revolutionized therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, TKIs are only efficacious in the chronic phase of the disease and effective therapies for TKI-refractory CML, or after progression to blast crisis (BC), are lacking. Whereas the chronic phase of CML is dependent on BCR-ABL, additional mutations are required for progression to BC. However, the identity of these mutations and the pathways they affect are poorly understood, hampering our ability to identify therapeutic targets and improve outcomes. Here, we describe a novel mouse model that allows identification of mechanisms of BC progression in an unbiased and tractable manner, using transposon-based insertional mutagenesis on the background of chronic phase CML. Our BC model is the first to faithfully recapitulate the phenotype, cellular and molecular biology of human CML progression. We report a heterogeneous and unique pattern of insertions identifying known and novel candidate genes and demonstrate that these pathways drive disease progression and provide potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies. Our model greatly informs the biology of CML progression and provides a potent resource for the development of candidate therapies to improve the dismal outcomes in this highly aggressive disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- DNA Transposable Elements
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Genes, myb
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Leukemia, Experimental/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Experimental/genetics
- Leukemia, Experimental/mortality
- Leukemia, Experimental/pathology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/mortality
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Mice, Transgenic
- Molecular Targeted Therapy/methods
- Mutagenesis, Insertional
- Mutation
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- George Giotopoulos
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England, UK Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England, UK
| | - Louise van der Weyden
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Hikari Osaki
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England, UK Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England, UK
| | - Alistair G Rust
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK Tumour Profiling Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, Chester Beatty Laboratories, London SW3 6JB, England, UK
| | - Paolo Gallipoli
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England, UK Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England, UK
| | - Eshwar Meduri
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England, UK Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England, UK
| | - Sarah J Horton
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England, UK Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England, UK
| | - Wai-In Chan
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England, UK Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England, UK
| | - Donna Foster
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England, UK Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England, UK
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Epinova DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, England, UK
| | - John E Pimanda
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre and the Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Daniel G Tenen
- Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077 Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England, UK
| | - Steffen Koschmieder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - David J Adams
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Brian J P Huntly
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England, UK Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England, UK
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39
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Schmidt M, Rinke J, Schäfer V, Schnittger S, Kohlmann A, Obstfelder E, Kunert C, Ziermann J, Winkelmann N, Eigendorff E, Haferlach T, Haferlach C, Hochhaus A, Ernst T. Molecular-defined clonal evolution in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia independent of the BCR-ABL status. Leukemia 2014; 28:2292-9. [PMID: 25212276 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
To study clonal evolution in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), we searched for BCR-ABL-independent gene mutations in both Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-negative and Ph-positive clones in 29 chronic-phase CML patients by targeted deep sequencing of 25 genes frequently mutated in myeloid disorders. Ph-negative clones were analyzed in 14 patients who developed clonal cytogenetic abnormalities in Ph-negative cells during treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Mutations were detected in 6/14 patients (43%) affecting the genes DNMT3A, EZH2, RUNX1, TET2, TP53, U2AF1 and ZRSR2. In two patients, the mutations were also found in corresponding Ph-positive diagnostic samples. To further investigate Ph-positive clones, 15 randomly selected CML patients at diagnosis were analyzed. Somatic mutations additional to BCR-ABL were found in 5/15 patients (33%) affecting ASXL1, DNMT3A, RUNX1 and TET2. Analysis of individual hematopoietic colonies at diagnosis revealed that most mutations were part of the Ph-positive clone. In contrast, deep sequencing of subsequent samples during TKI treatment revealed one DNMT3A mutation in Ph-negative cells that was also present in Ph-positive cells at diagnosis, implying that the mutation preceded the BCR-ABL rearrangement. In summary, BCR-ABL-independent gene mutations were frequently found in Ph-negative and Ph-positive clones of CML patients and may be considered as important cofactors in the clonal evolution of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Schmidt
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - J Rinke
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - V Schäfer
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - A Kohlmann
- MLL Münchner Leukämie Labor, München, Germany
| | - E Obstfelder
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - C Kunert
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - J Ziermann
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - N Winkelmann
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - E Eigendorff
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - T Haferlach
- MLL Münchner Leukämie Labor, München, Germany
| | - C Haferlach
- MLL Münchner Leukämie Labor, München, Germany
| | - A Hochhaus
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - T Ernst
- Abteilung Hämatologie und Internistische Onkologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
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40
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Delord M, Rousselot P, Cayuela JM, Sigaux F, Guilhot J, Preudhomme C, Guilhot F, Loiseau P, Raffoux E, Geromin D, Génin E, Calvo F, Bruzzoni-Giovanelli H. High imatinib dose overcomes insufficient response associated with ABCG2 haplotype in chronic myelogenous leukemia patients. Oncotarget 2014; 4:1582-91. [PMID: 24123600 PMCID: PMC3858547 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacogenetic studies in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) typically use a candidate gene approach. In an alternative strategy, we analyzed the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in drug transporter genes on the molecular response to imatinib, using a DNA chip containing 857 SNPs covering 94 drug transporter genes. Two cohorts of CML patients treated with imatinib were evaluated: an exploratory cohort including 105 patients treated at 400 mg/d and a validation cohort including patients sampled from the 400 mg/d and 600 mg/d arms of the prospective SPIRIT trial (n=239). Twelve SNPs discriminating patients according to cumulative incidence of major molecular response (CI-MMR) were identified within the exploratory cohort. Three of them, all located within the ABCG2 gene, were validated in patients included in the 400 mg/d arm of the SPIRIT trial. We identified an ABCG2 haplotype (define as G-G, rs12505410 and rs2725252) as associated with significantly higher CI-MMR in patients treated at 400 mg/d. Interestingly, we found that patients carrying this ABCG2 "favorable" haplotype in the 400 mg arm reached similar CI-MMR rates that patients randomized in the imatinib 600 mg/d arm. Our results suggest that response to imatinib may be influenced by constitutive haplotypes in drug transporter genes. Lower response rates associated with "non- favorable" ABCG2 haplotypes may be overcome by increasing the imatinib daily dose up to 600 mg/d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Delord
- Plateforme de Bioinformatique et Biostatistique, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité
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41
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Cervera N, Itzykson R, Coppin E, Prebet T, Murati A, Legall S, Vey N, Solary E, Birnbaum D, Gelsi-Boyer V. Gene mutations differently impact the prognosis of the myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative classes of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Am J Hematol 2014; 89:604-9. [PMID: 24595958 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Initially classified in the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is currently considered as a MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasm. Two classes-myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative-have been distinguished upon the level of the white blood cell count (threshold 13 G/L). We analyzed mutations in 19 genes reported in CMML to determine if and how these mutations impacted the respective prognosis of the two classes. We defined four major mutated pathways (DNA methylation, ASXL1, splicing, and signaling) and determined their prognostic impact. The number of mutated pathways impacted overall survival in the myelodysplastic class but not in the myeloproliferative class. The myeloproliferative class had a worse prognosis than the myelodysplastic class and was impacted by RUNX1 mutations only. Our results argue for a reclassification of CMML based on the myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Cervera
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire; UMR1068 Inserm, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
| | - Raphael Itzykson
- Inserm UMR1009; Institut Gustave Roussy; Villejuif France
- Faculty of Medicine; University Paris-Sud; Le Kremlin-Bicêtre France
| | - Emilie Coppin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire; UMR1068 Inserm, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
| | - Thomas Prebet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire; UMR1068 Inserm, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Department of Hematology; Institut Paoli-Calmettes; France
| | - Anne Murati
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire; UMR1068 Inserm, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Département de BioPathologie; Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Marseille France
| | - Stevan Legall
- Department of Hematology; Centre Hospitalier de Gap; France
| | - Norbert Vey
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire; UMR1068 Inserm, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Department of Hematology; Institut Paoli-Calmettes; France
| | - Eric Solary
- Inserm UMR1009; Institut Gustave Roussy; Villejuif France
- Faculty of Medicine; University Paris-Sud; Le Kremlin-Bicêtre France
| | - Daniel Birnbaum
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire; UMR1068 Inserm, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
| | - Véronique Gelsi-Boyer
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire; UMR1068 Inserm, CNRS UMR7258, Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes; Aix-Marseille University; Marseille France
- Department of Hematology; Institut Paoli-Calmettes; France
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42
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Hemmat M, Chen W, Anguiano A, Naggar ME, Racke FK, Jones D, Wang Y, Strom CM, Chang K, Boyar FZ. Submicroscopic deletion of 5q involving tumor suppressor genes (CTNNA1, HSPA9) and copy neutral loss of heterozygosity associated with TET2 and EZH2 mutations in a case of MDS with normal chromosome and FISH results. Mol Cytogenet 2014; 7:35. [PMID: 25177364 PMCID: PMC4149311 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-7-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in genome-wide molecular cytogenetics allow identification of novel submicroscopic DNA copy number alterations (aCNAs) and copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (cnLOH) resulting in homozygosity for known gene mutations in myeloid neoplasms. We describe the use of an oligo-SNP array for genomic profiling of aCNA and cnLOH, together with sequence analysis of recurrently mutated genes, in a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) presenting with normal karyotype and FISH results. Oligo-SNP array analysis revealed a hemizygous deletion of 896 kb at chromosome 5q31.2, representing the smallest 5q deletion reported to date. The deletion involved multiple genes, including two tumor suppressor candidate genes (CTNNA1 and HSPA9) that are associated with MDS/AML. The SNP-array study also detected 3 segments of somatic cnLOH: one involved the entire long arm of chromosome 4; the second involved the distal half of the long arm of chromosome 7, and the third encompassed the entire chromosome 22 (UPD 22). Sequence analysis revealed mutations in TET2 (4q), EZH2 (7q), ASXL1 (20q11.21), and RUNX1 (21q22.3). Coincidently, TET2 and EZH2 were located at segments of cnLOH resulting in their homozygosity. Loss of heterozygosity affecting these two chromosomes and mutations in TET2 and EZH2 are indicative of a myelodysplastic syndrome with a poor prognosis. Deletion of the tumor suppressor genes CTNNA1 and HSPA9 is also likely to contribute to a poor prognosis. Furthermore, the original cnLOHs in multiple chromosomes and additional cnLOH 14q in the follow-up study suggest genetic evolution of the disease and poor prognosis. This study attests to the fact that some patients with a myelodysplastic syndrome who exhibit a normal karyotype may have underlying genetic abnormalities detectable by chromosomal microarray and/or targeted mutation analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Hemmat
- Cytogenetics Department, Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, 33608 Ortega Hwy, 92675 San Juan Capistrano, CA, USA
| | - Weina Chen
- University of Texas southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, 75235 Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Arturo Anguiano
- Cytogenetics Department, Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, 33608 Ortega Hwy, 92675 San Juan Capistrano, CA, USA
| | - Mohammed El Naggar
- Cytogenetics Department, Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, 33608 Ortega Hwy, 92675 San Juan Capistrano, CA, USA
| | - Frederick K Racke
- Cytogenetics Department, Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, 33608 Ortega Hwy, 92675 San Juan Capistrano, CA, USA
| | - Dan Jones
- Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, 14225 Newbrook Drive, 20151 Chantilly, VA, USA
| | - Yongbao Wang
- Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, 14225 Newbrook Drive, 20151 Chantilly, VA, USA
| | - Charles M Strom
- Cytogenetics Department, Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, 33608 Ortega Hwy, 92675 San Juan Capistrano, CA, USA
| | - Karl Chang
- Cytogenetics Department, Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, 33608 Ortega Hwy, 92675 San Juan Capistrano, CA, USA
| | - Fatih Z Boyar
- Cytogenetics Department, Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute, 33608 Ortega Hwy, 92675 San Juan Capistrano, CA, USA
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43
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Iacobucci I, Lonetti A, Papayannidis C, Martinelli G. Use of single nucleotide polymorphism array technology to improve the identification of chromosomal lesions in leukemia. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2014; 13:791-810. [PMID: 23941516 PMCID: PMC4104470 DOI: 10.2174/15680096113139990089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute leukemias are characterized by recurring chromosomal and genetic abnormalities that disrupt normal development and drive aberrant cell proliferation and survival. Identification of these abnormalities plays important role in diagnosis, risk assessment and patient classification. Until the last decade methods to detect these aberrations have included genome wide approaches, such as conventional cytogenetics, but with a low sensitivity (5-10%), or gene candidate approaches, such as fluorescent in situ hybridization, having a greater sensitivity but being limited to only known regions of the genome. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) technology is a screening method that has revolutionized our way to find genetic alterations, enabling linkage and association studies between SNP genotype and disease as well as the identification of alterations in DNA content on a whole genome scale. The adoption of this approach for the study of lymphoid and myeloid leukemias contributed to the identification of novel genetic alterations, such as losses/gains/uniparental disomy not visible by cytogenetics and implicated in pathogenesis, improving risk assessment and patient classification and in some cases working as targets for tailored therapies. In this review, we reported recent advances obtained in the knowledge of the genomic complexity of chronic myeloid leukemia and acute leukemias thanks to the use of high-throughput technologies, such as SNP array.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Iacobucci
- Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli" Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, Via Massarenti, 9 - 40138 Bologna, Italy.
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44
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Abstract
ASXL1 is mutated/deleted with high frequencies in multiple forms of myeloid malignancies, and its alterations are associated with poor prognosis. De novo ASXL1 mutations cause Bohring-Opitz syndrome characterized by multiple congenital malformations. We show that Asxl1 deletion in mice led to developmental abnormalities including dwarfism, anophthalmia, and 80% embryonic lethality. Surviving Asxl1(-/-) mice lived for up to 42 days and developed features of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), including dysplastic neutrophils and multiple lineage cytopenia. Asxl1(-/-) mice had a reduced hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool, and Asxl1(-/-) HSCs exhibited decreased hematopoietic repopulating capacity, with skewed cell differentiation favoring granulocytic lineage. Asxl1(+/-) mice also developed mild MDS-like disease, which could progress to MDS/myeloproliferative neoplasm, demonstrating a haploinsufficient effect of Asxl1 in the pathogenesis of myeloid malignancies. Asxl1 loss led to an increased apoptosis and mitosis in Lineage(-)c-Kit(+) (Lin(-)c-Kit(+)) cells, consistent with human MDS. Furthermore, Asxl1(-/-) Lin(-)c-Kit(+) cells exhibited decreased global levels of H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 and altered expression of genes regulating apoptosis (Bcl2, Bcl2l12, Bcl2l13). Collectively, we report a novel ASXL1 murine model that recapitulates human myeloid malignancies, implying that Asxl1 functions as a tumor suppressor to maintain hematopoietic cell homeostasis. Future work is necessary to clarify the contribution of microenvironment to the hematopoietic phenotypes observed in the constitutional Asxl1(-/-) mice.
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45
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Menezes J, Salgado RN, Acquadro F, Gómez-López G, Carralero MC, Barroso A, Mercadillo F, Espinosa-Hevia L, Talavera-Casañas JG, Pisano DG, Álvarez S, Cigudosa JC. ASXL1, TP53 and IKZF3 mutations are present in the chronic phase and blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood Cancer J 2013; 3:e157. [PMID: 24212482 PMCID: PMC3880437 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2013.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Menezes
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center–CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - R N Salgado
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center–CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Acquadro
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center–CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Gómez-López
- Bioinformatic Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center–CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Carralero
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center–CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Barroso
- Human Genetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center–CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Mercadillo
- Clinic Familial Cancer Unit, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center–CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Espinosa-Hevia
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center–CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - J G Talavera-Casañas
- Hematology and Hemotherapy Service, Ntra. Sra. de Candelaria Hospital, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - D G Pisano
- Bioinformatic Unit, Structural Biology and Biocomputing Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center–CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Álvarez
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center–CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - J C Cigudosa
- Molecular Cytogenetics Group, Human Cancer Genetics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center–CNIO, Madrid, Spain
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46
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West RR, Hsu AP, Holland SM, Cuellar-Rodriguez J, Hickstein DD. Acquired ASXL1 mutations are common in patients with inherited GATA2 mutations and correlate with myeloid transformation. Haematologica 2013; 99:276-81. [PMID: 24077845 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2013.090217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited or sporadic heterozygous mutations in the transcription factor GATA2 lead to a clinical syndrome characterized by non-tuberculous mycobacterial and other opportunistic infections, a severe deficiency in monocytes, B cells and natural killer cells, and progression from a hypocellular myelodysplastic syndrome to myeloid leukemias. To identify acquired somatic mutations associated with myeloid transformation in patients with GATA2 mutations, we sequenced the region of the ASXL1 gene previously associated with transformation from myelodysplasia to myeloid leukemia. Somatic, heterozygous ASXL1 mutations were identified in 14/48 (29%) of patients with GATA2 deficiency, including four out of five patients who developed a proliferative chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Although patients with GATA2 mutations had a similarly high incidence of myeloid transformation when compared to previously described patients with ASXL1 mutations, GATA2 deficiency patients with acquired ASXL1 mutation were considerably younger, almost exclusively female, and had a high incidence of transformation to a proliferative chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. These patients may benefit from allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation before the development of acute myeloid leukemia or chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00018044, NCT00404560, NCT00001467, NCT00923364.).
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47
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Huh J, Jung CW, Kim HJ, Kim YK, Moon JH, Sohn SK, Kim HJ, Min WS, Kim DHD. Different characteristics identified by single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis in leukemia suggest the need for different application strategies depending on disease category. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2012; 52:44-55. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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48
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Shih AH, Abdel-Wahab O, Patel JP, Levine RL. The role of mutations in epigenetic regulators in myeloid malignancies. Nat Rev Cancer 2012; 12:599-612. [PMID: 22898539 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 542] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent genomic studies have identified novel recurrent somatic mutations in patients with myeloid malignancies, including myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). In some cases these mutations occur in genes with known roles in regulating chromatin and/or methylation states in haematopoietic progenitors, and in other cases genetic and functional studies have elucidated a role for specific mutations in altering epigenetic patterning in myeloid malignancies. In this Review we discuss recent genetic and functional data implicating mutations in epigenetic modifiers, including tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), IDH2, additional sex combs-like 1 (ASXL1), enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) and DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), in the pathogenesis of MPN, MDS and AML, and discuss how this knowledge is leading to novel clinical, biological and therapeutic insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan H Shih
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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49
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Murati A, Brecqueville M, Devillier R, Mozziconacci MJ, Gelsi-Boyer V, Birnbaum D. Myeloid malignancies: mutations, models and management. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:304. [PMID: 22823977 PMCID: PMC3418560 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid malignant diseases comprise chronic (including myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia) and acute (acute myeloid leukemia) stages. They are clonal diseases arising in hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells. Mutations responsible for these diseases occur in several genes whose encoded proteins belong principally to five classes: signaling pathways proteins (e.g. CBL, FLT3, JAK2, RAS), transcription factors (e.g. CEBPA, ETV6, RUNX1), epigenetic regulators (e.g. ASXL1, DNMT3A, EZH2, IDH1, IDH2, SUZ12, TET2, UTX), tumor suppressors (e.g. TP53), and components of the spliceosome (e.g. SF3B1, SRSF2). Large-scale sequencing efforts will soon lead to the establishment of a comprehensive repertoire of these mutations, allowing for a better definition and classification of myeloid malignancies, the identification of new prognostic markers and therapeutic targets, and the development of novel therapies. Given the importance of epigenetic deregulation in myeloid diseases, the use of drugs targeting epigenetic regulators appears as a most promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Murati
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Laboratoire d'Oncologie Moléculaire; UMR1068 Inserm, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 27 Bd, Leï Roure, BP 30059, Marseille, 13273, France
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Transformation of a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm to acute myelogenous leukemia: does anything work? Curr Hematol Malig Rep 2012; 7:78-86. [PMID: 22170483 DOI: 10.1007/s11899-011-0107-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The BCR/ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) of essential thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and primary myelofibrosis, over the natural course of their disease, have an increasing predisposition to transform to overt acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-most appropriately referred to as MPN-blast phase (MPN-BP). Although this transformation is a rare event, once AML has occurred, it is associated with a poor response to therapy and short survival. The molecular events leading to transformation are poorly defined. Currently, no therapy other than allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has been demonstrated to alter the natural history of this disease. Multiple therapeutic investigations are currently ongoing, including early ASCT, hypomethylating agents, and JAK2 inhibition, to try to alter the course of the disease and improve outcomes. This review focuses on the latest advances in our understanding of the biology of leukemic transformation and current clinical therapies that are available for this patient population.
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