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Huang L, Lin R, Chen J, Qi Y, Lin L. Magnesium Ion: A New Switch in Tumor Treatment. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1717. [PMID: 39200180 PMCID: PMC11351748 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The magnesium ion is an essential cation in the human body and participates in numerous physiological activities. A deficiency in magnesium ions is closely associated with tumor development, and supplementation with magnesium ions has been shown to partially inhibit tumor growth. However, the specific mechanisms by which magnesium ions suppress tumor proliferation remain unclear. Currently, studies have revealed that mitochondria may serve as a crucial intermediate link in the regulation of tumors by magnesium ions. Mitochondria might intervene in the proliferation and invasion of tumor cells by modulating energy metabolism and oxidative stress levels. Regrettably, there has been no comprehensive review of the role of magnesium in cancer therapy to date. Therefore, this article provides a comprehensive scrutiny of the relationship between magnesium ions and tumors, aiming to offer insights for clinical tumor treatment strategies involving magnesium ion intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyi Huang
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; (R.L.)
| | - Renxi Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; (R.L.)
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Jiaxi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; (R.L.)
| | - Yuanlin Qi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; (R.L.)
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China; (R.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Disease, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
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Roy S, Das A, Bairagi A, Das D, Jha A, Srivastava AK, Chatterjee N. Mitochondria act as a key regulatory factor in cancer progression: Current concepts on mutations, mitochondrial dynamics, and therapeutic approach. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2024; 793:108490. [PMID: 38460864 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2024.108490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The diversified impacts of mitochondrial function vs. dysfunction have been observed in almost all disease conditions including cancers. Mitochondria play crucial roles in cellular homeostasis and integrity, however, mitochondrial dysfunctions influenced by alterations in the mtDNA can disrupt cellular balance. Many external stimuli or cellular defects that cause cellular integrity abnormalities, also impact mitochondrial functions. Imbalances in mitochondrial activity can initiate and lead to accumulations of genetic mutations and can promote the processes of tumorigenesis, progression, and survival. This comprehensive review summarizes epigenetic and genetic alterations that affect the functionality of the mitochondria, with considerations of cellular metabolism, and as influenced by ethnicity. We have also reviewed recent insights regarding mitochondrial dynamics, miRNAs, exosomes that play pivotal roles in cancer promotion, and the impact of mitochondrial dynamics on immune cell mechanisms. The review also summarizes recent therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondria in anti-cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sraddhya Roy
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Ananya Das
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Aparajita Bairagi
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Debangshi Das
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Ashna Jha
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
| | - Amit Kumar Srivastava
- CSIR-IICB Translational Research Unit Of Excellence, CN-6, Salt Lake, Sector - V, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Nabanita Chatterjee
- Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S. P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India.
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Jikuya R, Johnson TA, Maejima K, An J, Ju YS, Lee H, Ha K, Song W, Kim Y, Okawa Y, Sasagawa S, Kanazashi Y, Fujita M, Imoto S, Mitome T, Ohtake S, Noguchi G, Kawaura S, Iribe Y, Aomori K, Tatenuma T, Komeya M, Ito H, Ito Y, Muraoka K, Furuya M, Kato I, Fujii S, Hamanoue H, Tamura T, Baba M, Suda T, Kodama T, Makiyama K, Yao M, Shuch BM, Ricketts CJ, Schmidt LS, Linehan WM, Nakagawa H, Hasumi H. Comparative analyses define differences between BHD-associated renal tumour and sporadic chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. EBioMedicine 2023; 92:104596. [PMID: 37182269 PMCID: PMC10200853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome, caused by germline alteration of folliculin (FLCN) gene, develops hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe tumour (HOCT) and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC), whereas sporadic ChRCC does not harbor FLCN alteration. To date, molecular characteristics of these similar histological types of tumours have been incompletely elucidated. METHODS To elucidate renal tumourigenesis of BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic renal tumours, we conducted whole genome sequencing (WGS) and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of sixteen BHD-associated renal tumours from nine unrelated BHD patients, twenty-one sporadic ChRCCs and seven sporadic oncocytomas. We then compared somatic mutation profiles with FLCN variants and RNA expression profiles between BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic renal tumours. FINDINGS RNA-seq analysis revealed that BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic renal tumours have totally different expression profiles. Sporadic ChRCCs were clustered into two distinct clusters characterized by L1CAM and FOXI1 expressions, molecular markers for renal tubule subclasses. Increased mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number with fewer variants was observed in BHD-associated renal tumours compared to sporadic ChRCCs. Cell-of-origin analysis using WGS data demonstrated that BHD-associated renal tumours and sporadic ChRCCs may arise from different cells of origin and second hit FLCN alterations may occur in early third decade of life in BHD patients. INTERPRETATION These data further our understanding of renal tumourigenesis of these two different types of renal tumours with similar histology. FUNDING This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grants, RIKEN internal grant, and the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Center for Cancer Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Jikuya
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan; Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Todd A Johnson
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Maejima
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Jisong An
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seok Ju
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwajin Lee
- Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsik Ha
- UPPThera, Inc. BRC Laboratory 1-204 9, Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - WooJeung Song
- UPPThera, Inc. BRC Laboratory 1-204 9, Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngwook Kim
- National Cancer Center Korea, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuki Okawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shota Sasagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuki Kanazashi
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Seiya Imoto
- Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Mitome
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Shinji Ohtake
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Go Noguchi
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Sachi Kawaura
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Iribe
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kota Aomori
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Tatenuma
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Komeya
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ito
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ito
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kentaro Muraoka
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Mitsuko Furuya
- Pathology Center, GeneticLab Co., Ltd., 28-196, N9, W15, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, 060-0009, Japan
| | - Ikuma Kato
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Haruka Hamanoue
- Clinical Genetics Department, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan; Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masaya Baba
- Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Toshio Suda
- Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Makiyama
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yao
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Brian M Shuch
- Institute of Urologic Oncology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA90095, USA
| | - Christopher J Ricketts
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD20892, USA
| | - Laura S Schmidt
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD20892, USA; Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - W Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD20892, USA
| | - Hidewaki Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Cancer Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Hasumi
- Department of Urology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fuku-ura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan.
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Delivery Systems for Mitochondrial Gene Therapy: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020572. [PMID: 36839894 PMCID: PMC9964608 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are membrane-bound cellular organelles of high relevance responsible for the chemical energy production used in most of the biochemical reactions of cells. Mitochondria have their own genome, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Inherited solely from the mother, this genome is quite susceptible to mutations, mainly due to the absence of an effective repair system. Mutations in mtDNA are associated with endocrine, metabolic, neurodegenerative diseases, and even cancer. Currently, therapeutic approaches are based on the administration of a set of drugs to alleviate the symptoms of patients suffering from mitochondrial pathologies. Mitochondrial gene therapy emerges as a promising strategy as it deeply focuses on the cause of mitochondrial disorder. The development of suitable mtDNA-based delivery systems to target and transfect mammalian mitochondria represents an exciting field of research, leading to progress in the challenging task of restoring mitochondria's normal function. This review gathers relevant knowledge on the composition, targeting performance, or release profile of such nanosystems, offering researchers valuable conceptual approaches to follow in their quest for the most suitable vectors to turn mitochondrial gene therapy clinically feasible. Future studies should consider the optimization of mitochondrial genes' encapsulation, targeting ability, and transfection to mitochondria. Expectedly, this effort will bring bright results, contributing to important hallmarks in mitochondrial gene therapy.
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5
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Faria R, Albuquerque T, Neves AR, Sousa Â, Costa DRB. Nanotechnology to Correct Mitochondrial Disorders in Cancer Diseases. Cancer Nanotechnol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-17831-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Sachdeva A, Hart CA, Carey CD, Vincent AE, Greaves LC, Heer R, Oliveira P, Brown MD, Clarke NW, Turnbull DM. Automated quantitative high-throughput multiplex immunofluorescence pipeline to evaluate OXPHOS defects in formalin-fixed human prostate tissue. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6660. [PMID: 35459777 PMCID: PMC9033818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10588-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) and digital image analysis has enabled simultaneous assessment of protein defects in electron transport chain components. However, current manual methodology is time consuming and labour intensive. Therefore, we developed an automated high-throughput mIF workflow for quantitative single-cell level assessment of formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue (FFPE), leveraging tyramide signal amplification on a Ventana Ultra platform coupled with automated multispectral imaging on a Vectra 3 platform. Utilising this protocol, we assessed the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) protein alterations in a cohort of benign and malignant prostate samples. Mitochondrial OXPHOS plays a critical role in cell metabolism, and OXPHOS perturbation is implicated in carcinogenesis. Marked inter-patient, intra-patient and spatial cellular heterogeneity in OXPHOS protein abundance was observed. We noted frequent Complex IV loss in benign prostate tissue and Complex I loss in age matched prostate cancer tissues. Malignant regions within prostate cancer samples more frequently contained cells with low Complex I & IV and high mitochondrial mass in comparison to benign-adjacent regions. This methodology can now be applied more widely to study the frequency and distribution of OXPHOS alterations in formalin-fixed tissues, and their impact on long-term clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Sachdeva
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK.
- Belfast-Manchester Movember FASTMAN Prostate Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Surgery, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK.
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
| | - Claire A Hart
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
- Belfast-Manchester Movember FASTMAN Prostate Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher D Carey
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- NovoPath, Cellular Pathology, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Amy E Vincent
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Laura C Greaves
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Pedro Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Michael D Brown
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
- Belfast-Manchester Movember FASTMAN Prostate Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, UK
| | - Noel W Clarke
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
- Belfast-Manchester Movember FASTMAN Prostate Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, UK
- Department of Surgery, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
- Department of Urology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, M6 8HD, UK
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
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De Luise M, Iommarini L, Marchio L, Tedesco G, Coadă CA, Repaci A, Turchetti D, Tardio ML, Salfi N, Pagotto U, Kurelac I, Porcelli AM, Gasparre G. Pathogenic Mitochondrial DNA Mutation Load Inversely Correlates with Malignant Features in Familial Oncocytic Parathyroid Tumors Associated with Hyperparathyroidism-Jaw Tumor Syndrome. Cells 2021; 10:2920. [PMID: 34831144 PMCID: PMC8616364 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
While somatic disruptive mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations that severely affect the respiratory chain are counter-selected in most human neoplasms, they are the genetic hallmark of indolent oncocytomas, where they appear to contribute to reduce tumorigenic potential. A correlation between mtDNA mutation type and load, and the clinical outcome of a tumor, corroborated by functional studies, is currently lacking. Recurrent familial oncocytomas are extremely rare entities, and they offer the chance to investigate the determinants of oncocytic transformation and the role of both germline and somatic mtDNA mutations in cancer. We here report the first family with Hyperparathyroidism-Jaw Tumor (HPT-JT) syndrome showing the inherited predisposition of four individuals to develop parathyroid oncocytic tumors. MtDNA sequencing revealed a rare ribosomal RNA mutation in the germline of all HPT-JT affected individuals whose pathogenicity was functionally evaluated via cybridization technique, and which was counter-selected in the most aggressive infiltrating carcinoma, but positively selected in adenomas. In all tumors different somatic mutations accumulated on this genetic background, with an inverse clear-cut correlation between the load of pathogenic mtDNA mutations and the indolent behavior of neoplasms, highlighting the importance of the former both as modifiers of cancer fate and as prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica De Luise
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Luisa Iommarini
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorena Marchio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Greta Tedesco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Camelia Alexandra Coadă
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Andrea Repaci
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Daniela Turchetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Division of Medical Genetics, IRCSS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia Tardio
- Unit of Pathology, IRCCS S.Orsola University Hospital, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Nunzio Salfi
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Children’s Research Hospital, 16147 Genova, Italy;
| | - Uberto Pagotto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Ivana Kurelac
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Anna Maria Porcelli
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Industrial Research (CIRI) Life Science and Health Technologies, University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gasparre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.D.L.); (L.M.); (G.T.); (C.A.C.); (D.T.); (U.P.); (I.K.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.I.); (A.M.P.)
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Alikhani M, Touati E, Karimipoor M, Vosough M, Mohammadi M. Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number Variations in Gastrointestinal Tract Cancers: Potential Players. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 53:770-781. [PMID: 34486088 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00707-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of mitochondria have been linked to several cancers. Also, the mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is altered in various cancers, including gastrointestinal tract (GIT) cancers, and several research groups have investigated its potential as a cancer biomarker. However, the exact causes of mtDNA-CN variations are not yet revealed. This review discussed the conceivable players in this scheme, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), mtDNA genetic variations, DNA methylation, telomere length, autophagy, immune system activation, aging, and infections, and discussed their possible impact in the initiation and progression of cancer. By further exploring such mechanisms, mtDNA-CN variations may be effectively utilized as cancer biomarkers and provide grounds for developing novel cancer therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Alikhani
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eliette Touati
- Unit of Helicobacter Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology, CNRS UMR2001, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 Rue du Dr Roux cedex 15, 75724, Paris, France
| | - Morteza Karimipoor
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Mohammadi
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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New developments in existing WHO entities and evolving molecular concepts: The Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) update on renal neoplasia. Mod Pathol 2021; 34:1392-1424. [PMID: 33664427 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-00779-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The Genitourinary Pathology Society (GUPS) reviewed recent advances in renal neoplasia, particularly post-2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification, to provide an update on existing entities, including diagnostic criteria, molecular correlates, and updated nomenclature. Key prognostic features for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain WHO/ISUP grade, AJCC/pTNM stage, coagulative necrosis, and rhabdoid and sarcomatoid differentiation. Accrual of subclonal genetic alterations in clear cell RCC including SETD2, PBRM1, BAP1, loss of chromosome 14q and 9p are associated with variable prognosis, patterns of metastasis, and vulnerability to therapies. Recent National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines increasingly adopt immunotherapeutic agents in advanced RCC, including RCC with rhabdoid and sarcomatoid changes. Papillary RCC subtyping is no longer recommended, as WHO/ISUP grade and tumor architecture better predict outcome. New papillary RCC variants/patterns include biphasic, solid, Warthin-like, and papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity. For tumors with 'borderline' features between oncocytoma and chromophobe RCC, a term "oncocytic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential, not further classified" is proposed. Clear cell papillary RCC may warrant reclassification as a tumor of low malignant potential. Tubulocystic RCC should only be diagnosed when morphologically pure. MiTF family translocation RCCs exhibit varied morphologic patterns and fusion partners. TFEB-amplified RCC occurs in older patients and is associated with more aggressive behavior. Acquired cystic disease (ACD) RCC-like cysts are likely precursors of ACD-RCC. The diagnosis of renal medullary carcinoma requires a negative SMARCB1 (INI-1) expression and sickle cell trait/disease. Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) can be distinguished from papillary RCC with overlapping morphology by losses of chromosomes 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 13, 14, 15, and 22. MTSCC with adverse histologic features shows frequent CDKN2A/2B (9p) deletions. BRAF mutations unify the metanephric family of tumors. The term "fumarate hydratase deficient RCC" ("FH-deficient RCC") is preferred over "hereditary leiomyomatosis and RCC syndrome-associated RCC". A low threshold for FH, 2SC, and SDHB immunohistochemistry is recommended in difficult to classify RCCs, particularly those with eosinophilic morphology, occurring in younger patients. Current evidence does not support existence of a unique tumor subtype occurring after chemotherapy/radiation in early childhood.
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10
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Yang Y, Ricketts CJ, Vocke CD, Killian JK, Padilla‐Nash HM, Lang M, Wei D, Lee YH, Wangsa D, Sourbier C, Meltzer PS, Ried T, Merino MJ, Metwalli AR, Ball MW, Srinivasan R, Linehan WM. Characterization of genetically defined sporadic and hereditary type 1 papillary renal cell carcinoma cell lines. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2021; 60:434-446. [PMID: 33527590 PMCID: PMC8251606 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is not a single disease but is made up of several different histologically defined subtypes that are associated with distinct genetic alterations which require subtype specific management and treatment. Papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) is the second most common subtype after conventional/clear cell RCC (ccRCC), representing ~20% of cases, and is subcategorized into type 1 and type 2 pRCC. It is important for preclinical studies to have cell lines that accurately represent each specific RCC subtype. This study characterizes seven cell lines derived from both primary and metastatic sites of type 1 pRCC, including the first cell line derived from a hereditary papillary renal carcinoma (HPRC)-associated tumor. Complete or partial gain of chromosome 7 was observed in all cell lines and other common gains of chromosomes 16, 17, or 20 were seen in several cell lines. Activating mutations of MET were present in three cell lines that all demonstrated increased MET phosphorylation in response to HGF and abrogation of MET phosphorylation in response to MET inhibitors. CDKN2A loss due to mutation or gene deletion, associated with poor outcomes in type 1 pRCC patients, was observed in all cell line models. Six cell lines formed tumor xenografts in athymic nude mice and thus provide in vivo models of type 1 pRCC. These type 1 pRCC cell lines provide a comprehensive representation of the genetic alterations associated with pRCC that will give insight into the biology of this disease and be ideal preclinical models for therapeutic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfeng Yang
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Christopher J. Ricketts
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Cathy D. Vocke
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - J. Keith Killian
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- Present address:
Foundation Medicine, IncCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Hesed M. Padilla‐Nash
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Martin Lang
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Darmood Wei
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Young H. Lee
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Darawalee Wangsa
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Carole Sourbier
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Paul S. Meltzer
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Thomas Ried
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Maria J. Merino
- Laboratory of PathologyNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Adam R. Metwalli
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
- Present address:
Division of Urology, Department of SurgeryHoward University College of MedicineWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA
| | - Mark W. Ball
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Ramaprasad Srinivasan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - W. Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
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11
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Idoate MA, Trigo I, Saenz de Zaitigui J, Pérez-Pérez M, Ríos JJ. Morphological and Molecular Study of Hybrid Oncocytic/Chromophobe Tumor of the Kidney Associated with Sporadic Renal Oncocytosis and Chronic B-Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia: The Possible Contribution of Lymphoma to Renal Oncocytosis. Pathobiology 2021; 88:313-322. [PMID: 33882490 DOI: 10.1159/000515215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe tumor (HOCT) of the kidney arising from a precursor oncocytosis not associated with the Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome is an unusual and highly interesting neoplasm. Immunohistochemical and molecular findings suggest that HOCT is an entity distinct from both oncocytoma and chromophobe carcinoma. Although uncertainty persists regarding the factors predisposing to the development of HOCT, experimental findings suggest that it may arise due to the effect of toxins or in association with chronic kidney failure. The potential role of prior renal lymphoma in the development of oncocytosis has not hitherto been examined. We present a morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis of an HOCT arising from renal oncocytosis in conjunction with CLL affecting the kidney. The findings suggest that this tumor belongs to a family of similar neoplasms including oncocytoma, the eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal-cell carcinoma (CRCC), and low-grade oncocytic tumor, even though these neoplasms may arise from different precursor lesions. HOCT and oncocytosis revealed the same immunohistochemical profile consistent on positivity for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), cytokeratin 7 (Ck7), E-cadherin, CAM 5.2 and negativity for Pax-8, vimentin, renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) antigen, CD117, racemase, progesterone receptor, and CD10. The Ki-67 proliferation index was <1%. Molecular analysis of the tumor revealed the AKT3 gene mutation variant, classified as probably pathogenic, together with FOS1 gene amplification and no copy number variations (CNVs). Finally, we present a case of HOCT arising from a nonhereditary renal oncocytosis in conjunction with B lymphoma that raises interesting questions regarding pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Idoate
- Pathology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Trigo
- Pathology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesús Saenz de Zaitigui
- Radiology Department, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Manuel Pérez-Pérez
- Pathology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan José Ríos
- Pathology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain
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12
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Russell KL, Gorgulho CM, Allen A, Vakaki M, Wang Y, Facciabene A, Lee D, Roy P, Buchser WJ, Appleman LJ, Maranchie J, Storkus WJ, Lotze MT. Inhibiting Autophagy in Renal Cell Cancer and the Associated Tumor Endothelium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 25:165-177. [PMID: 31135523 PMCID: PMC10395074 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The clear cell subtype of kidney cancer encompasses most renal cell carcinoma cases and is associated with the loss of von Hippel-Lindau gene function or expression. Subsequent loss or mutation of the other allele influences cellular stress responses involving nutrient and hypoxia sensing. Autophagy is an important regulatory process promoting the disposal of unnecessary or degraded cellular components, tightly linked to almost all cellular processes. Organelles and proteins that become damaged or that are no longer needed in the cell are sequestered and digested in autophagosomes upon fusing with lysosomes, or alternatively, released via vesicular exocytosis. Tumor development tends to disrupt the regulation of the balance between this process and apoptosis, permitting prolonged cell survival and increased replication. Completed trials of autophagic inhibitors using hydroxychloroquine in combination with other anticancer agents including rapalogues and high-dose interleukin 2 have now been reported. The complex nature of autophagy and the unique biology of clear cell renal cell carcinoma warrant further understanding to better develop the next generation of relevant anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abigail Allen
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | - Andrea Facciabene
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Partha Roy
- Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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13
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Preste R, Vitale O, Clima R, Gasparre G, Attimonelli M. HmtVar: a new resource for human mitochondrial variations and pathogenicity data. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 47:D1202-D1210. [PMID: 30371888 PMCID: PMC6323908 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in human mitochondrial genetic data is constantly increasing among both clinicians and researchers, due to the involvement of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in a number of physiological and pathological processes. Thanks to new sequencing technologies and modern databases, the large amount of information on mtDNA variability may be exploited to gain insights into the relationship between mtDNA variants, phenotypes and diseases. To facilitate this process, we have developed the HmtVar resource, a variant-focused database that allows the exploration of a dataset of over 40 000 human mitochondrial variants. Mitochondrial variation data, initially gathered from the HmtDB platform, are integrated with in-house pathogenicity assessments based on various evaluation criteria and with a set of additional annotations from third-party resources. The result is a comprehensive collection of information of crucial importance for human mitochondrial variation studies and investigation of common and rare diseases in which the mitochondrion may be involved. HmtVar is accessible at https://www.hmtvar.uniba.it and data may be retrieved using either a web interface through the Query page or a state-of-the-art API for programmatic access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Preste
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Ornella Vitale
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari 70126, Italy
| | - Rosanna Clima
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, Medical Genetics Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gasparre
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences - DIMEC, Medical Genetics Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Marcella Attimonelli
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari 70126, Italy
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14
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Classic Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma Incur a Larger Number of Chromosomal Losses Than Seen in the Eosinophilic Subtype. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101492. [PMID: 31623347 PMCID: PMC6826417 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) is a renal tumor subtype with a good prognosis, characterized by multiple chromosomal copy number variations (CNV). The World Health Organization (WHO) chRCC classification guidelines define a classic and an eosinophilic variant. Large cells with reticular cytoplasm and prominent cell membranes (pale cells) are characteristic for classic chRCC. Classic and eosinophilic variants were defined in 42 Swiss chRCCs, 119 Japanese chRCCs and in whole-slide digital images of 66 chRCCs from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) kidney chromophobe (KICH) dataset. 32 of 42 (76.2%) Swiss chRCCs, 90 of 119 (75.6%) Japanese chRCCs and 53 of 66 (80.3%) TCGA-KICH were classic chRCCs. There was no survival difference between eosinophilic and classic chRCC in all three cohorts. To identify a genotype/phenotype correlation, we performed a genome-wide CNV analysis using Affymetrix OncoScan® CNV Assay (Affymetrix/Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) in 33 Swiss chRCCs. TCGA-KICH subtypes were compared with TCGA CNV data. In the combined Swiss and TCGA-KICH cohorts, losses of chromosome 1, 2, 6, 10, 13, and 17 were significantly more frequent in classic chRCC (p < 0.05, each), suggesting that classic chRCC are characterized by higher chromosomal instability. This molecular difference justifies the definition of two chRCC variants. Absence of pale cells could be used as main histological criterion to define the eosinophilic variant of chRCC.
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15
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Zhang G, Li L, Shi Z, Yang Y, Wu Y, Song H, Long J, Lu X, Zeng S, Qin J, Sun H, Chen Z, Liang H, Peng Y. Mitochondrion-Targeting Identification of a Fluorescent Apoptosis-Triggering Molecule by Mass Spectrometry Elucidates Drug Tracking. Chembiochem 2019; 20:778-784. [PMID: 30499207 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The real-time tracking of localization and dynamics of small molecules in organelles helps to understand their function and identification of their potential targets at subcellular resolution. To identify the mitochondrion-targeting effects of small molecules (NA-17 and NA-2a) in cancer cells, we used mass spectrometry to study their distribution and accumulation in mitochondria and in the surrounding cytoplasm thus enabling tracing of action processes of therapeutic compounds. Colocalization analysis with the aid of imaging agents suggests that both NA-17 and NA-2a display mitochondrion-targeting effects. However, MS analysis reveals that only NA-2a displays both a mitochondrion-targeting effect and an accumulation effect, whereas NA-17 only distributes in the surrounding cytoplasm. A combination of mitochondrion imaging, immunoblotting, and MS analysis in mitochondria indicated that NA-17 neither has the ability to enter mitochondria directly nor displays any mitochondrion-targeting effect. Further studies revealed that NA-17 could not enter into mitochondria even when the mitochondrial permeability in cells changed after NA-17 treatment, as was evident from reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cytochrome c release. In the process of cellular metabolism, NA-17 itself is firmly restricted to the cytoplasm during the metabolic process, but its metabolites containing fluorophores could accumulate in mitochondria for cell imaging. Our studies have furnished new insights into the drug metabolism processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Liangping Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhao Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Yiming Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Huanhuan Song
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Jingxian Long
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Shulan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Jiangke Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Hongbin Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and, Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Science and Technology of China, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P.R. China
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16
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Renshaw AA, Gould EW. Ancillary studies in fine needle aspiration of the kidney. Cancer Cytopathol 2018; 126 Suppl 8:711-723. [DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edwin W. Gould
- Baptist Hospital of Miami and Miami Cancer Institute Miami Florida
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17
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Valdebenito S, Lou E, Baldoni J, Okafo G, Eugenin E. The Novel Roles of Connexin Channels and Tunneling Nanotubes in Cancer Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1270. [PMID: 29695070 PMCID: PMC5983846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoplastic growth and cellular differentiation are critical hallmarks of tumor development. It is well established that cell-to-cell communication between tumor cells and "normal" surrounding cells regulates tumor differentiation and proliferation, aggressiveness, and resistance to treatment. Nevertheless, the mechanisms that result in tumor growth and spread as well as the adaptation of healthy surrounding cells to the tumor environment are poorly understood. A major component of these communication systems is composed of connexin (Cx)-containing channels including gap junctions (GJs), tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), and hemichannels (HCs). There are hundreds of reports about the role of Cx-containing channels in the pathogenesis of cancer, and most of them demonstrate a downregulation of these proteins. Nonetheless, new data demonstrate that a localized communication via Cx-containing GJs, HCs, and TNTs plays a key role in tumor growth, differentiation, and resistance to therapies. Moreover, the type and downstream effects of signals communicated between the different populations of tumor cells are still unknown. However, new approaches such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) could provide new insights into these signals communicated between connected cells. We propose that the identification and characterization of these new communication systems and their associated signaling could provide new targets to prevent or reduce the devastating consequences of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Valdebenito
- Public Health Research Institute (PHRI), Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers the State University of NJ, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
| | - Emil Lou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - John Baldoni
- GlaxoSmithKline, In-Silico Drug Discovery Unit, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.
| | - George Okafo
- GlaxoSmithKline, In-Silico Drug Discovery Unit, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Eliseo Eugenin
- Public Health Research Institute (PHRI), Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers the State University of NJ, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
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18
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Eble JN, Delahunt B. Emerging entities in renal cell neoplasia: thyroid-like follicular renal cell carcinoma and multifocal oncocytoma-like tumours associated with oncocytosis. Pathology 2017; 50:24-36. [PMID: 29132724 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The list of accepted entities of renal cell neoplasia has burgeoned since the turn of the century through recognition of rare tumour types and the discovery of genetic mutations driving renal neoplasia syndromes. This growth has not finished and in this report we present examples of each of these types which were not included in the 2016 World Health Organization classification of renal neoplasia, but are candidates for inclusion in the next edition of the classification. Thyroid-like follicular renal cell carcinoma is a rare tumour type with a distinctive microscopic appearance resembling follicles of the thyroid gland. Thirty-nine cases have been described and the findings have been reasonably consistent. Oncocytoma-like tumours associated with oncocytosis arise as a result of somatic mutations in the mitochondrial genome. The differential diagnosis is mainly with the renal lesions of the Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, which is the result of germline mutations in the folliculin gene. Patients with oncocytoma-like tumours associated with oncocytosis are at great risk of developing renal failure as the proliferating lesions replace the renal parenchyma. Oncocytoma-like tumours have never been found to metastasise.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Eble
- Indiana University Health, Central Pathology Laboratory, Indianapolis, IN, United States.
| | - Brett Delahunt
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
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19
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Yang Y, Vocke CD, Ricketts CJ, Wei D, Padilla-Nash HM, Lang M, Sourbier C, Killian JK, Boyle SL, Worrell R, Meltzer PS, Ried T, Merino MJ, Metwalli AR, Linehan WM. Genomic and metabolic characterization of a chromophobe renal cell carcinoma cell line model (UOK276). Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2017; 56:719-729. [PMID: 28736828 PMCID: PMC5561006 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) represents 5% of all RCC cases and frequently demonstrates multiple chromosomal losses and an indolent pattern of local growth, but can demonstrate aggressive features and resistance to treatment in a metastatic setting. Cell line models are an important tool for the investigation of tumor biology and therapeutic drug efficacy. Currently, there are few ChRCC-derived cell lines and none is well characterized. This study characterizes a novel ChRCC-derived cell line model, UOK276. A large ChRCC tumor with regions of sarcomatoid differentiation was used to establish a spontaneously immortal cell line, UOK276. UOK276 was evaluated for chromosomal, mutational, and metabolic aberrations. The UOK276 cell line is hyperdiploid with a modal number of 49 chromosomes per cell, and evidence of copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity, as opposed to the classic pattern of ChRCC chromosomal losses. UOK276 demonstrated a TP53 missense mutation, expressed mutant TP53 protein, and responded to treatment with a small-molecule therapeutic agent, NSC319726, designed to reactivate mutated TP53. Xenograft tumors grew in nude mice and provide an in vivo animal model for the investigation of potential therapeutic regimes. The xenograft pathology and genetic analysis suggested that UOK276 was derived from the sarcomatoid region of the original tumor. In summary, UOK276 represents a novel in vitro and in vivo cell line model for aggressive, sarcomatoid-differentiated, TP53 mutant ChRCC. This preclinical model system could be used to investigate the novel biology of aggressive, sarcomatoid ChRCC and evaluate the new therapeutic regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfeng Yang
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Cathy D. Vocke
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Christopher J. Ricketts
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Darmood Wei
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Hesed M. Padilla-Nash
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Martin Lang
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Carole Sourbier
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - J. Keith Killian
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Shawna L. Boyle
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert Worrell
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Paul S. Meltzer
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Thomas Ried
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Maria J. Merino
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Adam R. Metwalli
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - W. Marston Linehan
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Correia M, Pinheiro P, Batista R, Soares P, Sobrinho-Simões M, Máximo V. Etiopathogenesis of oncocytomas. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 47:82-94. [PMID: 28687249 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oncocytomas are distinct tumors characterized by an abnormal accumulation of defective and (most probably) dysfunctional mitochondria in cell cytoplasm of such tumors. This particular phenotype has been studied for the last decades and the clarification of the etiopathogenic causes are still needed. Several mechanisms involved in the formation and maintenance of oncocytomas are accepted as reasonable causes, but the relevance and contribution of each one for oncocytic transformation may depend on different cancer etiopathogenic contexts. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of the etiopathogenic events that may lead to oncocytic transformation and discuss their contribution for tumor progression and mitochondrial accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Correia
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pinheiro
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Batista
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Valdemar Máximo
- Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde - i3S (Institute for Research and Innovation in Health), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Cancer Signalling and Metabolism Research Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto - FMUP (Medical Faculty of University of Porto), Porto, Portugal.
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Mutations in the Mitochondrial ND1 Gene Are Associated with Postoperative Prognosis of Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122049. [PMID: 27941608 PMCID: PMC5187849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed mutations in the mitochondrial ND1 gene to determine their association with clinicopathological parameters and postoperative recurrence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in Japanese patients. Among 62 RCC cases for which tumor pathology was confirmed by histopathology, ND1 sequencing revealed the presence of 30 mutation sites in 19 cases. Most mutations were heteroplasmic, with 16 of 19 cases harboring one or more heteroplasmic sites. Additionally, 12 sites had amino acid mutations, which were frequent in 10 of the cases. The 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate was significantly worse in patients with tumors >40 mm in diameter (p = 0.0091), pathological T (pT) stage ≥3 (p = 0.0122), Fuhrman nuclear atypia grade ≥III (p = 0.0070), and ND1 mutations (p = 0.0006). Multivariate analysis using these factors revealed that mutations in ND1 were significantly associated with the 5-year RFS rate (p = 0.0044). These results suggest a strong correlation between the presence of ND1 mutations in cancer tissue and postoperative recurrence of localized RCC in Japanese patients.
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Abstract
Decades ago, Otto Warburg observed that cancers ferment glucose in the presence of oxygen, suggesting that defects in mitochondrial respiration may be the underlying cause of cancer. We now know that the genetic events that drive aberrant cancer cell proliferation also alter biochemical metabolism, including promoting aerobic glycolysis, but do not typically impair mitochondrial function. Mitochondria supply energy; provide building blocks for new cells; and control redox homeostasis, oncogenic signaling, innate immunity, and apoptosis. Indeed, mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control are often upregulated in cancers. While some cancers have mutations in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes that produce oncogenic metabolites, there is negative selection for pathogenic mitochondrial genome mutations. Eliminating mtDNA limits tumorigenesis, and rare human tumors with mutant mitochondrial genomes are relatively benign. Thus, mitochondria play a central and multifunctional role in malignant tumor progression, and targeting mitochondria provides therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Xing Zong
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, 164 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA
| | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA; Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics and Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Eileen White
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, 195 Little Albany Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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