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Strom NI, Verhulst B, Bacanu SA, Cheesman R, Purves KL, Gedik H, Mitchell BL, Kwong AS, Faucon AB, Singh K, Medland S, Colodro-Conde L, Krebs K, Hoffmann P, Herms S, Gehlen J, Ripke S, Awasthi S, Palviainen T, Tasanko EM, Peterson RE, Adkins DE, Shabalin AA, Adams MJ, Iveson MH, Campbell A, Thomas LF, Winsvold BS, Drange OK, Børte S, Ter Kuile AR, Nguyen TH, Meier SM, Corfield EC, Hannigan L, Levey DF, Czamara D, Weber H, Choi KW, Pistis G, Couvy-Duchesne B, Van der Auwera S, Teumer A, Karlsson R, Garcia-Argibay M, Lee D, Wang R, Bjerkeset O, Stordal E, Bäckmann J, Salum GA, Zai CC, Kennedy JL, Zai G, Tiwari AK, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Schmidt B, Kaprio J, Kennedy MM, Boden J, Havdahl A, Middeldorp CM, Lopes FL, Akula N, McMahon FJ, Binder EB, Fehm L, Ströhle A, Castelao E, Tiemeier H, Stein DJ, Whiteman D, Olsen C, Fuller Z, Wang X, Wray NR, Byrne EM, Lewis G, Timpson NJ, Davis LK, Hickie IB, Gillespie NA, Milani L, Schumacher J, Woldbye DP, Forstner AJ, Nöthen MM, Hovatta I, Horwood J, Copeland WE, Maes HH, McIntosh AM, Andreassen OA, Zwart JA, Mors O, Børglum AD, Mortensen PB, Ask H, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Najman JM, Stein MB, Gelernter J, Milaneschi Y, Penninx BW, Boomsma DI, Maron E, Erhardt-Lehmann A, Rück C, Kircher TT, Melzig CA, Alpers GW, Arolt V, Domschke K, Smoller JW, Preisig M, Martin NG, Lupton MK, Luik AI, Reif A, Grabe HJ, Larsson H, Magnusson PK, Oldehinkel AJ, Hartman CA, Breen G, Docherty AR, Coon H, Conrad R, Lehto K, Deckert J, Eley TC, Mattheisen M, Hettema JM. Genome-wide association study of major anxiety disorders in 122,341 European-ancestry cases identifies 58 loci and highlights GABAergic signaling. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.07.03.24309466. [PMID: 39006447 PMCID: PMC11245051 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.03.24309466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The major anxiety disorders (ANX; including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and phobias) are highly prevalent, often onset early, persist throughout life, and cause substantial global disability. Although distinct in their clinical presentations, they likely represent differential expressions of a dysregulated threat-response system. Here we present a genome-wide association meta-analysis comprising 122,341 European ancestry ANX cases and 729,881 controls. We identified 58 independent genome-wide significant ANX risk variants and 66 genes with robust biological support. In an independent sample of 1,175,012 self-report ANX cases and 1,956,379 controls, 51 of the 58 associated variants were replicated. As predicted by twin studies, we found substantial genetic correlation between ANX and depression, neuroticism, and other internalizing phenotypes. Follow-up analyses demonstrated enrichment in all major brain regions and highlighted GABAergic signaling as one potential mechanism underlying ANX genetic risk. These results advance our understanding of the genetic architecture of ANX and prioritize genes for functional follow-up studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora I Strom
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brad Verhulst
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | | | - Rosa Cheesman
- PROMENTA Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirstin L Purves
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hüseyin Gedik
- Institute for Genomics in Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
- Life Sciences, Integrative Life Sciences Doctoral Program, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Brittany L Mitchell
- Brain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Queensland University , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alex S Kwong
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Annika B Faucon
- Division of Medicine, Human Genetics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kritika Singh
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sarah Medland
- Brain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lucia Colodro-Conde
- Brain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kristi Krebs
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, Human Genomics Research Group, University of Basel; University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Herms
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, Human Genomics Research Group, University of Basel; University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Gehlen
- Center for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Ripke
- Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Swapnil Awasthi
- Dept. of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Teemu Palviainen
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland - FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisa M Tasanko
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roseann E Peterson
- Institute for Genomics in Health, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York, USA
- Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Daniel E Adkins
- School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Andrey A Shabalin
- School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Mark J Adams
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Matthew H Iveson
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Archie Campbell
- College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer; Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Laurent F Thomas
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- BioCore - Bioinformatics Core Facility, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bendik S Winsvold
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Research and Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Kristian Drange
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Division of Mental Health, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre of Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychiatry, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sigrid Børte
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Research and Innovation; Musculoskeletal Health, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Abigail R Ter Kuile
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tan-Hoang Nguyen
- Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Sandra M Meier
- Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Elizabeth C Corfield
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Nic Waals Institute , Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laurie Hannigan
- Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Psychiatry, Research, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Genes and Environment, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Heike Weber
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Karmel W Choi
- Psychiatry, Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Psychiatry, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne
- Brain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- ARAMIS laboratory, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, France
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sandra Van der Auwera
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robert Karlsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miguel Garcia-Argibay
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Donghyung Lee
- Department of Statistics, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
| | - Rujia Wang
- Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ottar Bjerkeset
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Science, Nord University, Levanger, Norway
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eystein Stordal
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Namsos, Nord-Trøndelag Health Trustt, Namsos, Norway
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Julia Bäckmann
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giovanni A Salum
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Child Psychiatry, National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clement C Zai
- Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Molecular Brain Sciences Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences and Clinical Translation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James L Kennedy
- Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Molecular Brain Sciences Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences and Clinical Translation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gwyneth Zai
- Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Molecular Brain Sciences Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences and Clinical Translation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arun K Tiwari
- Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Molecular Brain Sciences Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neurosciences and Clinical Translation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Börge Schmidt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland - FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin M Kennedy
- Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Joseph Boden
- Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Alexandra Havdahl
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- PROMENTA Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Christel M Middeldorp
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fabiana L Lopes
- National Institute of Mental Health, Human Genetics Branch, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Nirmala Akula
- National Institute of Mental Health, Genetic Basis of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Francis J McMahon
- National Institute of Mental Health, Genetic Basis of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Genes and Environment, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Lydia Fehm
- Department of Psychology, Zentrum für Psychotherapie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enrique Castelao
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Social and Behavioral Science, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - David Whiteman
- Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Catherine Olsen
- Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Naomi R Wray
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Enda M Byrne
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Glyn Lewis
- UCL Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lea K Davis
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - David P Woldbye
- Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Neural Plasticity, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas J Forstner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Center for Human Genetics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Iiris Hovatta
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology and Logopedics and SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - John Horwood
- Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - William E Copeland
- UVM Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Hermine H Maes
- Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Andrew M McIntosh
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre of Precision Psychiatry, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Neurodevelopmental disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Research and Innovation; Musculoskeletal Health, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Mors
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalised Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Preben B Mortensen
- The National Centre for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Helga Ask
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- PROMENTA Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud
- PsychGen Centre for Genetic Epidemiology and Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- NORMENT Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jackob M Najman
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Murray B Stein
- Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Psychiatry Research, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Departments of Genetics and Neuroscience, Yale University of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Amsterdam Neuroscience; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Brenda W Penninx
- Amsterdam Neuroscience; Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Twin Register and Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eduard Maron
- Psychiatry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology,, Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Angelika Erhardt-Lehmann
- Department of Genes and Environment, Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Rück
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tilo T Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christiane A Melzig
- Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Psychology, Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Georg W Alpers
- School of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Volker Arolt
- Department of Mental Health, Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jordan W Smoller
- Psychiatry, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Psychiatry, Center for Precision Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Martin Preisig
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Brain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michelle K Lupton
- Brain and Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Queensland University , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Queensland University of technology, Queensland, Australia
| | - Annemarie I Luik
- Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt - Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henrik Larsson
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik K Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anna R Docherty
- School of Medicine, Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- School of Medicine, Psychiatry; Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Hilary Coon
- School of Medicine, Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Rupert Conrad
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Kelli Lehto
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thalia C Eley
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Computer Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - John M Hettema
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University, Bryan, Texas, USA
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Mizrahi L, Choudhary A, Ofer P, Goldberg G, Milanesi E, Kelsoe JR, Gurwitz D, Alda M, Gage FH, Stern S. Immunoglobulin genes expressed in lymphoblastoid cell lines discern and predict lithium response in bipolar disorder patients. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4280-4293. [PMID: 37488168 PMCID: PMC10827667 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02183-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a neuropsychiatric mood disorder manifested by recurrent episodes of mania and depression. More than half of BD patients are non-responsive to lithium, the first-line treatment drug, complicating BD clinical management. Given its unknown etiology, it is pertinent to understand the genetic signatures that lead to variability in lithium response. We discovered a set of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) of 10 controls and 19 BD patients belonging mainly to the immunoglobulin gene family that can be used as potential biomarkers to diagnose and treat BD. Importantly, we trained machine learning algorithms on our datasets that predicted the lithium response of BD subtypes with minimal errors, even when used on a different cohort of 24 BD patients acquired by a different laboratory. This proves the scalability of our methodology for predicting lithium response in BD and for a prompt and suitable decision on therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Mizrahi
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Ashwani Choudhary
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Polina Ofer
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Gabriela Goldberg
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Elena Milanesi
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, 050096, Romania
| | - John R Kelsoe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - David Gurwitz
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Martin Alda
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 2E2, Canada
| | - Fred H Gage
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Shani Stern
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel.
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3
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Koskinen MK, Hovatta I. Genetic insights into the neurobiology of anxiety. Trends Neurosci 2023; 46:318-331. [PMID: 36828693 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety and fear are evolutionarily conserved emotions that increase the likelihood of an organism surviving threatening situations. Anxiety and vigilance states are regulated by neural networks involving multiple brain regions. In anxiety disorders, this intricate regulatory system is disturbed, leading to excessive or prolonged anxiety or fear. Anxiety disorders have both genetic and environmental risk factors. Genetic research has the potential to identify specific genetic variants causally associated with specific phenotypes. In recent decades, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have revealed variants predisposing to neuropsychiatric disorders, suggesting novel neurobiological pathways in the etiology of these disorders. Here, we review recent human GWASs of anxiety disorders, and genetic studies of anxiety-like behavior in rodent models. These studies are paving the way for a better understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija-Kreetta Koskinen
- SleepWell Research Program and Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, PO Box 21, 00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Iiris Hovatta
- SleepWell Research Program and Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, PO Box 21, 00014, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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4
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Gallego-Martinez A, Escalera-Balsera A, Trpchevska N, Robles-Bolivar P, Roman-Naranjo P, Frejo L, Perez-Carpena P, Bulla J, Gallus S, Canlon B, Cederroth CR, Lopez-Escamez JA. Using coding and non-coding rare variants to target candidate genes in patients with severe tinnitus. NPJ Genom Med 2022; 7:70. [PMID: 36450758 PMCID: PMC9712652 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-022-00341-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus is the phantom percept of an internal non-verbal set of noises and tones. It is reported by 15% of the population and it is usually associated with hearing and/or brain disorders. The role of structural variants (SVs) in coding and non-coding regions has not been investigated in patients with severe tinnitus. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing in 97 unrelated Swedish individuals with chronic tinnitus (TIGER cohort). Rare single nucleotide variants (SNV), large structural variants (LSV), and copy number variations (CNV) were retrieved to perform a gene enrichment analysis in TIGER and in a subgroup of patients with severe tinnitus (SEVTIN, n = 34), according to the tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) scores. An independent exome sequencing dataset of 147 Swedish tinnitus patients was used as a replication cohort (JAGUAR cohort) and population-specific datasets from Sweden (SweGen) and Non-Finish Europeans (NFE) from gnomAD were used as control groups. SEVTIN patients showed a higher prevalence of hyperacusis, hearing loss, and anxiety when they were compared to individuals in the TIGER cohort. We found an enrichment of rare missense variants in 6 and 8 high-constraint genes in SEVTIN and TIGER cohorts, respectively. Of note, an enrichment of missense variants was found in the CACNA1E gene in both SEVTIN and TIGER. We replicated the burden of missense variants in 9 high-constrained genes in the JAGUAR cohort, including the gene NAV2, when data were compared with NFE. Moreover, LSVs in constrained regions overlapping CACNA1E, NAV2, and TMEM132D genes were observed in TIGER and SEVTIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Gallego-Martinez
- grid.470860.d0000 0004 4677 7069Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 114, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.411380.f0000 0000 8771 3783Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain ,grid.452372.50000 0004 1791 1185Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Escalera-Balsera
- grid.470860.d0000 0004 4677 7069Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 114, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.411380.f0000 0000 8771 3783Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain ,grid.452372.50000 0004 1791 1185Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Trpchevska
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Section of Experimental Audiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paula Robles-Bolivar
- grid.470860.d0000 0004 4677 7069Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 114, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.411380.f0000 0000 8771 3783Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain ,grid.452372.50000 0004 1791 1185Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Roman-Naranjo
- grid.470860.d0000 0004 4677 7069Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 114, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.411380.f0000 0000 8771 3783Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain ,grid.452372.50000 0004 1791 1185Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Frejo
- grid.470860.d0000 0004 4677 7069Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 114, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.411380.f0000 0000 8771 3783Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain ,grid.452372.50000 0004 1791 1185Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Perez-Carpena
- grid.470860.d0000 0004 4677 7069Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 114, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.411380.f0000 0000 8771 3783Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain ,grid.452372.50000 0004 1791 1185Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, 28029 Madrid, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jan Bulla
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway ,grid.7727.50000 0001 2190 5763Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silvano Gallus
- grid.4527.40000000106678902Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Canlon
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Section of Experimental Audiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher R. Cederroth
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Section of Experimental Audiology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.240404.60000 0001 0440 1889National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Ropewalk House, Nottingham, NG1 5DU UK ,grid.4563.40000 0004 1936 8868Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH UK
| | - Jose A. Lopez-Escamez
- grid.470860.d0000 0004 4677 7069Otology & Neurotology Group CTS495, Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO, Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, PTS Granada, Avenida de la Ilustración, 114, 18016 Granada, Spain ,grid.411380.f0000 0000 8771 3783Department of Otolaryngology, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18014 Granada, Spain ,grid.452372.50000 0004 1791 1185Sensorineural Pathology Programme, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, CIBERER, 28029 Madrid, Spain ,grid.4489.10000000121678994Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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5
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van der Walt K, Campbell M, Stein DJ, Dalvie S. Systematic review of genome-wide association studies of anxiety disorders and neuroticism. World J Biol Psychiatry 2022; 24:280-291. [PMID: 35815422 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2099970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarise SNP associations identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of anxiety disorders and neuroticism; to appraise the quality of individual studies, and to assess the ancestral diversity of study participants. METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, PsychInfo and PubPsych for GWASs of anxiety disorders, non-diagnostic traits (such as anxiety sensitivity), and neuroticism, and extracted all SNPs that surpassed genome-wide significance. We graded study quality using Q-genie scores and reviewed the ancestral diversity of included participants. RESULTS 32 studies met our inclusion criteria. A total of 563 independent significant variants were identified, of which 29 were replicated nominally in independent samples, and 3 were replicated significantly. The studies had good global quality, but many smaller studies were underpowered. Phenotypic heterogeneity for anxiety (and less so for neuroticism) seemed to reflect the complexity of capturing this trait. Ancestral diversity was poor, with 70% of studies including only populations of European ancestry. CONCLUSION The functionality of genes identified by GWASs of anxiety and neuroticism deserves further investigation. Future GWASs should have larger sample sizes, more rigorous phenotyping and include more ancestrally diverse population groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristien van der Walt
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Megan Campbell
- MRC Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics. Institute for Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Global Initiative for Neuropsychiatric Genetics Education in Research (GINGER) program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and the Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shareefa Dalvie
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform (BRIP), South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town
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6
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Wang Y, Herzig G, Molano C, Liu A. Differential expression of the Tmem132 family genes in the developing mouse nervous system. Gene Expr Patterns 2022; 45:119257. [PMID: 35690356 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2022.119257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The family of novel transmembrane proteins (TMEM) 132 have been associated with multiple neurological disorders and cancers in humans, but have hardly been studied in vivo. Here we report the expression patterns of the five Tmem132 genes (a, b, c, d and e) in developing mouse nervous system with RNA in situ hybridization in wholemount embryos and tissue sections. Our results reveal differential and partially overlapping expression of multiple Tmem132 family members in both the central and peripheral nervous system, suggesting potential partial redundancy among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China; Department of Biology, Eberly College of Science and Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Graham Herzig
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Science and Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Cassandra Molano
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Science and Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Aimin Liu
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Science and Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
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7
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Czamara D, Neufang A, Dieterle R, Iurato S, Arloth J, Martins J, Ising M, Binder EE, Erhardt A. Effects of stressful life-events on DNA methylation in panic disorder and major depressive disorder. Clin Epigenetics 2022; 14:55. [PMID: 35477560 PMCID: PMC9047302 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-022-01274-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panic disorder (PD) is characterized by recurrent panic attacks and higher affection of women as compared to men. The lifetime prevalence of PD is about 2-3% in the general population leading to tremendous distress and disability. Etiologically, genetic and environmental factors, such as stress, contribute to the onset and relapse of PD. In the present study, we investigated epigenome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) in respond to a cumulative, stress-weighted life events score (wLE) in patients with PD and its boundary to major depressive disorder (MDD), frequently co-occurring with symptoms of PD. METHODS DNAm was assessed by the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. In a meta-analytic approach, epigenome-wide DNAm changes in association with wLE were first analyzed in two PD cohorts (with a total sample size of 183 PD patients and 85 healthy controls) and lastly in 102 patients with MDD to identify possible overlapping and opposing effects of wLE on DNAm. Additionally, analysis of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) was conducted to identify regional clusters of association. RESULTS Two CpG-sites presented with p-values below 1 × 10-05 in PD: cg09738429 (p = 6.40 × 10-06, located in an intergenic shore region in next proximity of PYROXD1) and cg03341655 (p = 8.14 × 10-06, located in the exonic region of GFOD2). The association of DNAm at cg03341655 and wLE could be replicated in the independent MDD case sample indicating a diagnosis independent effect. Genes mapping to the top hits were significantly upregulated in brain and top hits have been implicated in the metabolic system. Additionally, two significant DMRs were identified for PD only on chromosome 10 and 18, including CpG-sites which have been reported to be associated with anxiety and other psychiatric phenotypes. CONCLUSION This first DNAm analysis in PD reveals first evidence of small but significant DNAm changes in PD in association with cumulative stress-weighted life events. Most of the top associated CpG-sites are located in genes implicated in metabolic processes supporting the hypothesis that environmental stress contributes to health damaging changes by affecting a broad spectrum of systems in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darina Czamara
- Translational Department, Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2+10, 80804, Munich, Germany.
| | - Alexa Neufang
- Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Statistics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roman Dieterle
- Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Statistics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stella Iurato
- Translational Department, Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2+10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Janine Arloth
- Translational Department, Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2+10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Jade Martins
- Translational Department, Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2+10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Ising
- Translational Department, Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2+10, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth E Binder
- Translational Department, Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2+10, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Angelika Erhardt
- Translational Department, Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2+10, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Centre of Mental Health, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany
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8
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Su X, Li W, Lv L, Li X, Yang J, Luo XJ, Liu J. Transcriptome-Wide Association Study Provides Insights Into the Genetic Component of Gene Expression in Anxiety. Front Genet 2021; 12:740134. [PMID: 34650599 PMCID: PMC8505959 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.740134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are common mental disorders that often result in disability. Recently, large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified several novel risk variants and loci for anxiety disorders (or anxiety traits). Nevertheless, how the reported risk variants confer risk of anxiety remains unknown. To identify genes whose cis-regulated expression levels are associated with risk of anxiety traits, we conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) by integrating genome-wide associations from a large-scale GWAS (N = 175,163) (which evaluated anxiety traits based on Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item scale (GAD-2) score) and brain expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) data (from the PsychENCODE and GTEx). We identified 19 and 17 transcriptome-wide significant (TWS) genes in the PsychENCODE and GTEx, respectively. Intriguingly, 10 genes showed significant associations with anxiety in both datasets, strongly suggesting that genetic risk variants may confer risk of anxiety traits by regulating the expression of these genes. Top TWS genes included RNF123, KANSL1-AS1, GLYCTK, CRHR1, DND1P1, MAPT and ARHGAP27. Of note, 25 TWS genes were not implicated in the original GWAS. Our TWAS identified 26 risk genes whose cis-regulated expression were significantly associated with anxiety, providing important insights into the genetic component of gene expression in anxiety disorders/traits and new clues for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Su
- Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Luxian Lv
- Henan Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Henan Key Lab of Biological Psychiatry, International Joint Research Laboratory for Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jinfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xiong-Jian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.,KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jiewei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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9
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Ask H, Cheesman R, Jami ES, Levey DF, Purves KL, Weber H. Genetic contributions to anxiety disorders: where we are and where we are heading. Psychol Med 2021; 51:2231-2246. [PMID: 33557968 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720005486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are among the most common psychiatric disorders worldwide. They often onset early in life, with symptoms and consequences that can persist for decades. This makes anxiety disorders some of the most debilitating and costly disorders of our time. Although much is known about the synaptic and circuit mechanisms of fear and anxiety, research on the underlying genetics has lagged behind that of other psychiatric disorders. However, alongside the formation of the Psychiatric Genomic Consortium Anxiety workgroup, progress is rapidly advancing, offering opportunities for future research.Here we review current knowledge about the genetics of anxiety across the lifespan from genetically informative designs (i.e. twin studies and molecular genetics). We include studies of specific anxiety disorders (e.g. panic disorder, generalised anxiety disorder) as well as those using dimensional measures of trait anxiety. We particularly address findings from large-scale genome-wide association studies and show how such discoveries may provide opportunities for translation into improved or new therapeutics for affected individuals. Finally, we describe how discoveries in anxiety genetics open the door to numerous new research possibilities, such as the investigation of specific gene-environment interactions and the disentangling of causal associations with related traits and disorders.We discuss how the field of anxiety genetics is expected to move forward. In addition to the obvious need for larger sample sizes in genome-wide studies, we highlight the need for studies among young people, focusing on specific underlying dimensional traits or components of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helga Ask
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rosa Cheesman
- PROMENTA Research Center, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Eshim S Jami
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Psychiatry, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Center, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Kirstin L Purves
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Heike Weber
- Department of Psychology, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Mufford MS, van der Meer D, Andreassen OA, Ramesar R, Stein DJ, Dalvie S. A review of systems biology research of anxiety disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 43:414-423. [PMID: 33053074 PMCID: PMC8352731 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The development of "omic" technologies and deep phenotyping may facilitate a systems biology approach to understanding anxiety disorders. Systems biology approaches incorporate data from multiple modalities (e.g., genomic, neuroimaging) with functional analyses (e.g., animal and tissue culture models) and mathematical modeling (e.g., machine learning) to investigate pathological biophysical networks at various scales. Here we review: i) the neurobiology of anxiety disorders; ii) how systems biology approaches have advanced this work; and iii) the clinical implications and future directions of this research. Systems biology approaches have provided an improved functional understanding of candidate biomarkers and have suggested future potential for refining the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of anxiety disorders. The systems biology approach for anxiety disorders is, however, in its infancy and in some instances is characterized by insufficient power and replication. The studies reviewed here represent important steps to further untangling the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary S Mufford
- South African Medical Research Council Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dennis van der Meer
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Raj Ramesar
- South African Medical Research Council Genomic and Precision Medicine Research Unit, Division of Human Genetics, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dan J Stein
- South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Shareefa Dalvie
- South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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11
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Genome-wide association study of panic disorder reveals genetic overlap with neuroticism and depression. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4179-4190. [PMID: 31712720 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Panic disorder (PD) has a lifetime prevalence of 2-4% and heritability estimates of 40%. The contributory genetic variants remain largely unknown, with few and inconsistent loci having been reported. The present report describes the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PD to date comprising genome-wide genotype data of 2248 clinically well-characterized PD patients and 7992 ethnically matched controls. The samples originated from four European countries (Denmark, Estonia, Germany, and Sweden). Standard GWAS quality control procedures were conducted on each individual dataset, and imputation was performed using the 1000 Genomes Project reference panel. A meta-analysis was then performed using the Ricopili pipeline. No genome-wide significant locus was identified. Leave-one-out analyses generated highly significant polygenic risk scores (PRS) (explained variance of up to 2.6%). Linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression analysis of the GWAS data showed that the estimated heritability for PD was 28.0-34.2%. After correction for multiple testing, a significant genetic correlation was found between PD and major depressive disorder, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism. A total of 255 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with p < 1 × 10-4 were followed up in an independent sample of 2408 PD patients and 228,470 controls from Denmark, Iceland and the Netherlands. In the combined analysis, SNP rs144783209 showed the strongest association with PD (pcomb = 3.10 × 10-7). Sign tests revealed a significant enrichment of SNPs with a discovery p-value of <0.0001 in the combined follow up cohort (p = 0.048). The present integrative analysis represents a major step towards the elucidation of the genetic susceptibility to PD.
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Wang X, Jiang W, Luo S, Yang X, Wang C, Wang B, Dang Y, Shen Y, Ma DK. The C. elegans homolog of human panic-disorder risk gene TMEM132D orchestrates neuronal morphogenesis through the WAVE-regulatory complex. Mol Brain 2021; 14:54. [PMID: 33726789 PMCID: PMC7962252 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00767-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
TMEM132D is a human gene identified with multiple risk alleles for panic disorders, anxiety and major depressive disorders. Defining a conserved family of transmembrane proteins, TMEM132D and its homologs are still of unknown molecular functions. By generating loss-of-function mutants of the sole TMEM132 ortholog in C. elegans, we identify abnormal morphologic phenotypes in the dopaminergic PDE neurons. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we find that NAP1 directly interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of human TMEM132D, and mutations in C. elegans tmem-132 that disrupt interaction with NAP1 cause similar morphologic defects in the PDE neurons. NAP1 is a component of the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC) that controls F-actin cytoskeletal dynamics. Decreasing activity of WRC rescues the PDE defects in tmem-132 mutants, whereas gain-of-function of TMEM132D in mammalian cells inhibits WRC, leading to decreased abundance of select WRC components, impaired actin nucleation and cell motility. We propose that metazoan TMEM132 family proteins play evolutionarily conserved roles in regulating NAP1 protein homologs to restrict inappropriate WRC activity, cytoskeletal and morphologic changes in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuo Luo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Institute for Human Genetics, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Changnan Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Bingying Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Yongjun Dang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yin Shen
- Institute for Human Genetics, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Dengke K Ma
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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Chon C, Chon G, Matsui Y, Zeng H, Lai ZC, Liu A. Efficient multiplexed genome engineering with a polycistronic tRNA and CRISPR guide-RNA reveals an important role of detonator in reproduction of Drosophila melanogaster. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245454. [PMID: 33444382 PMCID: PMC7808601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome association studies in human and genetic studies in mouse implicated members of the transmembrane protein 132 (TMEM132) family in multiple conditions including panic disorder, hearing loss, limb and kidney malformation. However, the presence of five TMEM132 paralogs in mammalian genomes makes it extremely challenging to reveal the full requirement for these proteins in vivo. In contrast, there is only one TMEM132 homolog, detonator (dtn), in the genome of fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, enabling straightforward research into its in vivo function. In the current study, we generate multiple loss-of-function dtn mutant fly strains through a polycistronic tRNA-gRNA approach, and show that most embryos lacking both maternal and paternal dtn fail to hatch into larvae, indicating an essential role of dtn in Drosophila reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristin Chon
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Science, Centers for Cellular Dynamics and Cellular and Molecular Investigation of Neurological Diseases, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States of America
| | - Grace Chon
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Science, Centers for Cellular Dynamics and Cellular and Molecular Investigation of Neurological Diseases, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States of America
| | - Yurika Matsui
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Science, Centers for Cellular Dynamics and Cellular and Molecular Investigation of Neurological Diseases, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States of America
| | - Huiqing Zeng
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Science, Centers for Cellular Dynamics and Cellular and Molecular Investigation of Neurological Diseases, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States of America
| | - Zhi-Chun Lai
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Science, Centers for Cellular Dynamics and Cellular and Molecular Investigation of Neurological Diseases, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States of America
| | - Aimin Liu
- Department of Biology, Eberly College of Science, Centers for Cellular Dynamics and Cellular and Molecular Investigation of Neurological Diseases, Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States of America
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Ohi K, Otowa T, Shimada M, Sugiyama S, Muto Y, Tanahashi S, Kaiya H, Nishimura F, Sasaki T, Tanii H, Shioiri T. Shared transethnic genetic basis of panic disorder and psychiatric and related intermediate phenotypes. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 42:87-96. [PMID: 33189524 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Panic disorder (PD), a common anxiety disorder, is modestly heritable. The genetic basis of anxiety disorders overlaps with that of other psychiatric disorders and their intermediate phenotypes in individuals of European ancestry. Here, we investigated the transethnic polygenetic features shared between Japanese PD patients and European patients with psychiatric disorders and their intermediate phenotypes by conducting polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses. Large-scale European genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets (n = 7,556-1,131,881) for ten psychiatric disorders and seven intermediate phenotypes were utilized as discovery samples. PRSs derived from these GWASs were calculated for Japanese target subjects [718 PD patients and 1,717 healthy controls (HCs)]. The effects of these PRSs from European GWASs on the risk of PD in Japanese patients were investigated. The PRSs from European studies of anxiety disorders were marginally higher in Japanese PD patients than in HCs (p = 0.013). Regarding other psychiatric disorders, the PRSs for depression in European patients were significantly higher in Japanese PD patients than in HCs (p = 2.31×10-4), while the PRSs for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in European patients were nominally lower in Japanese PD patients than in HCs (p = 0.024). Regarding health-related, personality-based and cognitive intermediate phenotypes, the PRSs for loneliness (especially isolation) in European individuals were significantly higher in Japanese PD patients than in HCs (p = 9.02×10-4). Furthermore, Japanese PD patients scored nominally higher than HCs in PRSs for neuroticism in European people (p = 3.37×10-3), while Japanese PD patients scored nominally lower than HCs in PRSs for tiredness (p = 0.025), educational attainment (p = 0.035) and cognitive function (p = 9.63×10-3). Our findings suggest that PD shares transethnic genetic etiologies with other psychiatric disorders and related intermediate phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Ohi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Otowa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mihoko Shimada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sugiyama
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yukimasa Muto
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Tanahashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Kaiya
- Panic Disorder Research Center, Warakukai Medical Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumichika Nishimura
- Center for Research on Counseling and Support Services, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sasaki
- Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Tanii
- Center for Physical and Mental Health, Mie University, Mie, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Toshiki Shioiri
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
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Tretiakov A, Malakhova A, Naumova E, Rudko O, Klimov E. Genetic Biomarkers of Panic Disorder: A Systematic Review. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11111310. [PMID: 33158196 PMCID: PMC7694264 DOI: 10.3390/genes11111310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Although panic disorder (PD) is one of the most common anxiety disorders severely impacting quality of life, no effective genetic testing exists; known data on possible genetic biomarkers is often scattered and unsystematic which complicates further studies. (2) Methods: We used PathwayStudio 12.3 (Elsevier, The Netherlands) to acquire literature data for further manual review and analysis. 229 articles were extracted, 55 articles reporting associations, and 32 articles reporting no associations were finally selected. (3) Results: We provide exhaustive information on genetic biomarkers associated with PD known in the scientific literature. Data is presented in two tables. Genes COMT and SLC6A4 may be considered the most promising for PD diagnostic to date. (4) Conclusions: This review illustrates current progress in association studies of PD and may indicate possible molecular mechanisms of its pathogenesis. This is a possible basis for data analysis, novel experimental studies, or developing test systems and personalized treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemii Tretiakov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.); (A.M.); (E.N.); (O.R.)
- Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Alena Malakhova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.); (A.M.); (E.N.); (O.R.)
| | - Elena Naumova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.); (A.M.); (E.N.); (O.R.)
- Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Olga Rudko
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.); (A.M.); (E.N.); (O.R.)
- Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Eugene Klimov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.T.); (A.M.); (E.N.); (O.R.)
- Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340 Sochi, Russia
- Correspondence:
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Uddin A. Compositional Features and Codon Usage Pattern of Genes Associated with Anxiety in Human. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4911-4920. [PMID: 32813237 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Codon usage bias (CUB) is the unequal usage of synonymous codon; some codons are more preferred than others. CUB analysis has applications in understanding the molecular organization of genome, genetics, gene expression, and molecular evolution. Bioinformatic approach was used to analyze the protein-coding sequences of genes involved in the anxiety to understand the patterns of codon usage as no work was reported yet. The improved effective number of codons (Nc) values ranged from 43.55 to 55.06, with a mean of 44.57, suggested that the overall CUB was low for genes associated with anxiety. The overall GC and AT content was 54.76 and 45.24, respectively. Relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) analysis revealed that most frequently used codon ended mostly with C or G. The over-represented codons in genes associated with anxiety were CTG, ATC, GTG, AGC, ACC, and GCC, while under-represented codons were TTA, CTT, CTA, ATA, GTT, GTA, TCG, CCG, GCG, CAA, and CGT. Correlation analysis was performed between overall nucleotide composition and its 3rd codon positions, and observed highly significant (p < 0.01) correlation between them suggested that both mutation pressure and natural selection might affect the pattern of CUB. The highly significant correlation (0.598**, p < 0.01) was also observed between GC12 with GC3 suggested that directional mutation pressure might acted on all codon positions for genes associated with anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Uddin
- Department of Zoology, Moinul Hoque Choudhury Memorial Science College, Algapur, Hailakandi, Assam, 788150, India.
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Hettema JM, Verhulst B, Chatzinakos C, Bacanu SA, Chen CY, Ursano RJ, Kessler RC, Gelernter J, Smoller JW, He F, Jain S, Stein MB. Genome-wide association study of shared liability to anxiety disorders in Army STARRS. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2020; 183:197-207. [PMID: 31886626 PMCID: PMC7210051 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders (ANX), namely generalized anxiety, panic disorder, and phobias, are common, etiologically complex syndromes that show increasing prevalence and comorbidity throughout adolescence and beyond. Few genome-wide association studies (GWAS) examining ANX risk have been published and almost exclusively in individuals of European ancestry. In this study, we phenotyped participants from the Army Study To Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (STARRS) to approximate DSM-based ANX diagnoses. We factor-analyzed those to create a single dimensional anxiety score for each subject. GWAS were conducted using that score within each of three ancestral groups (EUR, AFR, LAT) and then meta-analyzed across ancestries (NTotal = 16,510). We sought to (a) replicate prior ANX GWAS findings in ANGST; (b) determine whether results extended to other ancestry groups; and (c) meta-analyze with ANGST for increased power to identify novel susceptibility loci. No reliable genome-wide significant SNP associations were detected in STARRS. However, SNPs within the CAMKMT gene located in region 2p21 associated with shared ANX risk in ANGST were replicated in EUR soldiers but not other ancestry groups. Combining EUR STARRS and ANGST (N = 28,950) yielded a more robust 2p21 association signal (p = 9.08x10-11 ). Gene-based analyses supported three genes within 2p21 and LBX1 on chromosome 10. More powerful ANX genetic studies will be required to identify further loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M. Hettema
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, Bryan, TX
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Brad Verhulst
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Chris Chatzinakos
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Silviu-Alin Bacanu
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA
| | - Chia-Yen Chen
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Robert J. Ursano
- Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Joel Gelernter
- Departments of Psychiatry, Genetics, & Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jordan W. Smoller
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Feng He
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Sonia Jain
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Murray B. Stein
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Guo D, Li F, Zhao X, Long B, Zhang S, Wang A, Cao D, Sun J, Li B. Circular RNA expression and association with the clinicopathological characteristics in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:519-532. [PMID: 32468074 PMCID: PMC7336492 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of RNAs, with higher stability and tissue specificity, which may be of value as novel clinical markers. High-throughput RNA sequencing was used to profile the expression of circRNAs in 5 pairs of cancer and normal tissues, and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis was employed to verify the results of the RNA sequencing in 45 cases of PTC. The dysregulated circRNA expression and clinicopathological characteristics were assessed and the potential roles of circRNAs in the cellular miRNA and mRNA network were predicted using bioinformatics analysis. The results demonstrated that, compared with normal tissues, a total of 53 circRNAs were dysregulated in tumour tissues, and 8 circRNAs were validated at the mRNA level (P<0.001 and P<0.01). Among those, the expression of chr5:161330882-161336769- (P=0.015), chr9:22046750-22097364+ (P=0.041) and chr8:18765448-18804898- (P=0.036) were obviously associated with the BRAFV600E mutation, chr12:129699809-129700698- was associated with capsular invasion (P=0.025) and chr5:38523418-38530666- was associated with pT stage (P=0.037) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.002). Therefore, some dysregulated circRNAs were found to be associated with BRAFV600E mutation, capsular invasion, advanced pT stage and lymph node metastasis of PTC, indicating that circRNAs may be involved in tumourigenesis and cancer progression, and they may be putative biomarkers for the diagnosis and evaluation of progression of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Guo
- Medical Science Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Fangyuan Li
- Medical Science Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhao
- Medical Science Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Bo Long
- Medical Science Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Sumei Zhang
- Medical Science Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Medical Science Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Dingyan Cao
- Medical Science Research Centre, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Binglu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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Genetic and epigenetic analyses of panic disorder in the post-GWAS era. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:1517-1526. [PMID: 32388794 PMCID: PMC7578165 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-020-02205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Panic disorder (PD) is a common and debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by panic attacks coupled with excessive anxiety. Both genetic factors and environmental factors play an important role in PD pathogenesis and response to treatment. However, PD is clinically heterogeneous and genetically complex, and the exact genetic or environmental causes of this disorder remain unclear. Various approaches for detecting disease-causing genes have recently been made available. In particular, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have attracted attention for the identification of disease-associated loci of multifactorial disorders. This review introduces GWAS of PD, followed by a discussion about the limitations of GWAS and the major challenges facing geneticists in the post-GWAS era. Alternative strategies to address these challenges are then proposed, such as epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) and rare variant association studies (RVAS) using next-generation sequencing. To date, however, few reports have described these analyses, and the evidence remains insufficient to confidently identify or exclude rare variants or epigenetic changes in PD. Further analyses are therefore required, using sample sizes in the tens of thousands, extensive functional annotations, and highly targeted hypothesis testing.
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Ohi K, Otowa T, Shimada M, Sasaki T, Tanii H. Shared genetic etiology between anxiety disorders and psychiatric and related intermediate phenotypes. Psychol Med 2020; 50:692-704. [PMID: 30919790 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171900059x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders and related intermediate phenotypes are highly heritable and have a complex, overlapping polygenic architecture. A large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) of anxiety disorders identified genetic variants that are significant on a genome-wide. The current study investigated the genetic etiological overlaps between anxiety disorders and frequently cooccurring psychiatric disorders and intermediate phenotypes. METHODS Using case-control and factor score models, we investigated the genetic correlations of anxiety disorders with eight psychiatric disorders and intermediate phenotypes [the volumes of seven subcortical brain regions, childhood cognition, general cognitive ability and personality traits (subjective well-being, loneliness, neuroticism and extraversion)] from large-scale GWASs (n = 7556-298 420) by linkage disequilibrium score regression. RESULTS Among psychiatric disorders, the risk of anxiety disorders was positively genetically correlated with the risks of major depressive disorder (MDD) (rg ± standard error = 0.83 ± 0.16, p = 1.97 × 10-7), schizophrenia (SCZ) (0.28 ± 0.09, p = 1.10 × 10-3) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (0.34 ± 0.13, p = 8.40 × 10-3). Among intermediate phenotypes, significant genetic correlations existed between the risk of anxiety disorders and neuroticism (0.81 ± 0.17, p = 1.30 × 10-6), subjective well-being (-0.73 ± 0.18, p = 4.89 × 10-5), general cognitive ability (-0.23 ± 0.08, p = 4.70 × 10-3) and putamen volume (-0.50 ± 0.18, p = 5.00 × 10-3). No other significant genetic correlations between anxiety disorders and psychiatric or intermediate phenotypes were observed (p > 0.05). The case-control model yielded stronger genetic effect sizes than the factor score model. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that common genetic variants underlying the risk of anxiety disorders contribute to elevated risks of MDD, SCZ, ADHD and neuroticism and reduced quality of life, putamen volume and cognitive performance. We suggest that the comorbidity of anxiety disorders is partly explained by common genetic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka Ohi
- Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Otowa
- Graduate School of Clinical Psychology, Professional Degree Program in Clinical Psychology, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mihoko Shimada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sasaki
- Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Tanii
- Center for Physical and Mental Health, Mie University, Mie, Japan
- Department of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
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Takeuchi Y, Berényi A. Oscillotherapeutics - Time-targeted interventions in epilepsy and beyond. Neurosci Res 2020; 152:87-107. [PMID: 31954733 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Oscillatory brain activities support many physiological functions from motor control to cognition. Disruptions of the normal oscillatory brain activities are commonly observed in neurological and psychiatric disorders including epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, anxiety/trauma-related disorders, major depressive disorders, and drug addiction. Therefore, these disorders can be considered as common oscillation defects despite having distinct behavioral manifestations and genetic causes. Recent technical advances of neuronal activity recording and analysis have allowed us to study the pathological oscillations of each disorder as a possible biomarker of symptoms. Furthermore, recent advances in brain stimulation technologies enable time- and space-targeted interventions of the pathological oscillations of both neurological disorders and psychiatric disorders as possible targets for regulating their symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Takeuchi
- MTA-SZTE 'Momentum' Oscillatory Neuronal Networks Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary; Department of Neuropharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
| | - Antal Berényi
- MTA-SZTE 'Momentum' Oscillatory Neuronal Networks Research Group, Department of Physiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary; HCEMM-SZTE Magnetotherapeutics Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, 6720, Hungary; Neuroscience Institute, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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22
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Meier SM, Trontti K, Purves KL, Als TD, Grove J, Laine M, Pedersen MG, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Bækved-Hansen M, Sokolowska E, Mortensen PB, Hougaard DM, Werge T, Nordentoft M, Breen G, Børglum AD, Eley TC, Hovatta I, Mattheisen M, Mors O. Genetic Variants Associated With Anxiety and Stress-Related Disorders: A Genome-Wide Association Study and Mouse-Model Study. JAMA Psychiatry 2019; 76:924-932. [PMID: 31116379 PMCID: PMC6537792 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Anxiety and stress-related disorders are among the most common mental disorders. Although family and twin studies indicate that both genetic and environmental factors play an important role underlying their etiology, the genetic underpinnings of anxiety and stress-related disorders are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To estimate the single-nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability of anxiety and stress-related disorders; to identify novel genetic risk variants, genes, or biological pathways; to test for pleiotropic associations with other psychiatric traits; and to evaluate the association of psychiatric comorbidities with genetic findings. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS This genome-wide association study included individuals with various anxiety and stress-related diagnoses and controls derived from the population-based Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH) study. Lifetime diagnoses of anxiety and stress-related disorders were obtained through the national Danish registers. Genes of interest were further evaluated in mice exposed to chronic social defeat. The study was conducted between June 2016 and November 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Diagnoses of a relatively broad diagnostic spectrum of anxiety and stress-related disorders. RESULTS The study sample included 12 655 individuals with various anxiety and stress-related diagnoses and 19 225 controls. Overall, 17 740 study participants (55.6%) were women. A total of 7308 participants (22.9%) were born between 1981-1985, 8840 (27.7%) between 1986-1990, 8157 (25.6%) between 1991-1995, 5918 (18.6%) between 1996-2000, and 1657 (5.2%) between 2001-2005. Standard association analysis revealed variants in PDE4B to be associated with anxiety and stress-related disorder (rs7528604; P = 5.39 × 10-11; odds ratio = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.86-0.92). A framework of sensitivity analyses adjusting for mental comorbidity supported this result showing consistent association of PDE4B variants with anxiety and stress-related disorder across analytical scenarios. In mouse models, alterations in Pde4b expression were observed in those mice displaying anxiety-like behavior after exposure to chronic stress in the prefrontal cortex (P = .002; t = -3.33) and the hippocampus (P = .001; t = -3.72). We also found a single-nucleotide polymorphism heritability of 28% (standard error = 0.027) and that the genetic signature of anxiety and stress-related overlapped with psychiatric traits, educational outcomes, obesity-related phenotypes, smoking, and reproductive success. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study highlights anxiety and stress-related disorders as complex heritable phenotypes with intriguing genetic correlations not only with psychiatric traits, but also with educational outcomes and multiple obesity-related phenotypes. Furthermore, we highlight the candidate gene PDE4B as a robust risk locus pointing to the potential of PDE4B inhibitors in treatment of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M. Meier
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany,now with the Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Kalevi Trontti
- Research Program of Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Medicum, and SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirstin L. Purves
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Damm Als
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark,Centre for integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jakob Grove
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark,Centre for integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikaela Laine
- Research Program of Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Medicum, and SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marianne Giørtz Pedersen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Bækved-Hansen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ewa Sokolowska
- Research Program of Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Medicum, and SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Preben B. Mortensen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Centre for integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark,National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - David M. Hougaard
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Danish Centre for Neonatal Screening, Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Werge
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, South London and Maudsley National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anders D. Børglum
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark,Centre for integrative Sequencing (iSEQ), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thalia C. Eley
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Iiris Hovatta
- Research Program of Molecular and Integrative Biosciences, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Medicum, and SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Manuel Mattheisen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ole Mors
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Copenhagen, Denmark
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23
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Rayner C, Coleman JRI, Purves KL, Hodsoll J, Goldsmith K, Alpers GW, Andersson E, Arolt V, Boberg J, Bögels S, Creswell C, Cooper P, Curtis C, Deckert J, Domschke K, El Alaoui S, Fehm L, Fydrich T, Gerlach AL, Grocholewski A, Hahlweg K, Hamm A, Hedman E, Heiervang ER, Hudson JL, Jöhren P, Keers R, Kircher T, Lang T, Lavebratt C, Lee SH, Lester KJ, Lindefors N, Margraf J, Nauta M, Pané-Farré CA, Pauli P, Rapee RM, Reif A, Rief W, Roberts S, Schalling M, Schneider S, Silverman WK, Ströhle A, Teismann T, Thastum M, Wannemüller A, Weber H, Wittchen HU, Wolf C, Rück C, Breen G, Eley TC. A genome-wide association meta-analysis of prognostic outcomes following cognitive behavioural therapy in individuals with anxiety and depressive disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:150. [PMID: 31123309 PMCID: PMC6533285 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder and the anxiety disorders are highly prevalent, disabling and moderately heritable. Depression and anxiety are also highly comorbid and have a strong genetic correlation (rg ≈ 1). Cognitive behavioural therapy is a leading evidence-based treatment but has variable outcomes. Currently, there are no strong predictors of outcome. Therapygenetics research aims to identify genetic predictors of prognosis following therapy. We performed genome-wide association meta-analyses of symptoms following cognitive behavioural therapy in adults with anxiety disorders (n = 972), adults with major depressive disorder (n = 832) and children with anxiety disorders (n = 920; meta-analysis n = 2724). We estimated the variance in therapy outcomes that could be explained by common genetic variants (h2SNP) and polygenic scoring was used to examine genetic associations between therapy outcomes and psychopathology, personality and learning. No single nucleotide polymorphisms were strongly associated with treatment outcomes. No significant estimate of h2SNP could be obtained, suggesting the heritability of therapy outcome is smaller than our analysis was powered to detect. Polygenic scoring failed to detect genetic overlap between therapy outcome and psychopathology, personality or learning. This study is the largest therapygenetics study to date. Results are consistent with previous, similarly powered genome-wide association studies of complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Rayner
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan R I Coleman
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, London, UK
| | - Kirstin L Purves
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John Hodsoll
- Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kimberley Goldsmith
- Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Georg W Alpers
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Evelyn Andersson
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Volker Arolt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julia Boberg
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susan Bögels
- Research Institute Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cathy Creswell
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Peter Cooper
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Charles Curtis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, London, UK
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97078, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for NeuroModulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Samir El Alaoui
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lydia Fehm
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Fydrich
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander L Gerlach
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Grocholewski
- Department of Psychology, University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kurt Hahlweg
- Department of Psychology, University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Alfons Hamm
- Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Erik Hedman
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Einar R Heiervang
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jennifer L Hudson
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Peter Jöhren
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Robert Keers
- Department of Biological and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lang
- Christoph-Dornier-Stiftung für Klinische Psychologie, Institut für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Bremen, Germany
| | - Catharina Lavebratt
- Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sang-Hyuck Lee
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, London, UK
| | - Kathryn J Lester
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Nils Lindefors
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Maaike Nauta
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christiane A Pané-Farré
- Department of Biological and Clinical Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Paul Pauli
- Department of Psychology (Biological Psychology, Clinical Psychology, and Psychotherapy), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ronald M Rapee
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Winfried Rief
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Susanna Roberts
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Schalling
- Neurogenetics Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silvia Schneider
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wendy K Silverman
- Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Andreas Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mikael Thastum
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Andre Wannemüller
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Dental Clinic Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Heike Weber
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97078, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
- Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christiane Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97078, Germany
| | - Christian Rück
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
- South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, London, UK.
| | - Thalia C Eley
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
- South London and Maudsley NHS Trust, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, London, UK.
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24
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental disorders with a lifetime prevalence of over 20%. Clinically, anxiety is not thought of as a homogenous disorder, but is subclassified in generalized, panic, and phobic anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders are moderately heritable. This review will explore recent genetic and epigenetic approaches to anxiety disorders explaining differential susceptibility risk. RECENT FINDINGS A substantial portion of the variance in susceptibility risk can be explained by differential inherited and acquired genetic and epigenetic risk. Available data suggest that anxiety disorders are highly complex and polygenic. Despite the substantial progress in genetic research over the last decade, only few risk loci for anxiety disorders have been identified so far. This review will cover recent findings from large-scale genome-wide association studies as well as newer epigenome-wide studies. Progress in this area will likely require analysis of much larger sample sizes than have been reported to date. We discuss prospects for clinical translation of genetic findings and future directions for research.
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25
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Concordance of genetic variation that increases risk for anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorders and that influences their underlying neurocircuitry. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:885-896. [PMID: 30699873 PMCID: PMC6519055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been considerable recent advances in understanding the genetic architecture of anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as the underlying neurocircuitry of these disorders. However, there is little work on the concordance of genetic variations that increase risk for these conditions, and that influence subcortical brain structures. We undertook a genome-wide investigation of the overlap between the genetic influences from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on volumes of subcortical brain structures and genetic risk for anxiety disorders and PTSD. METHOD We obtained summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of anxiety disorders (Ncases = 7016, Ncontrols = 14,745), PTSD (European sample; Ncases = 2424, Ncontrols = 7113) and of subcortical brain structures (N = 13,171). SNP Effect Concordance Analysis (SECA) and Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) Score Regression were used to examine genetic pleiotropy, concordance, and genome-wide correlations respectively. SECAs conditional false discovery was used to identify specific risk variants associated with anxiety disorders or PTSD when conditioning on brain related traits. RESULTS For anxiety disorders, we found evidence of significant concordance between increased anxiety risk variants and variants associated with smaller amygdala volume. Further, by conditioning on brain volume GWAS, we identified novel variants that associate with smaller brain volumes and increase risk for disorders: rs56242606 was found to increase risk for anxiety disorders, while two variants (rs6470292 and rs683250) increase risk for PTSD, when conditioning on the GWAS of putamen volume. LIMITATIONS Despite using the largest available GWAS summary statistics, the analyses were limited by sample size. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data indicate that there is genome wide concordance between genetic risk factors for anxiety disorders and those for smaller amygdala volume, which is consistent with research that supports the involvement of the amygdala in anxiety disorders. It is notable that a genetic variant that contributes to both reduced putamen volume and PTSD plays a key role in the glutamatergic system. Further work with GWAS summary statistics from larger samples, and a more extensive look at the genetics underlying brain circuits, is needed to fully delineate the genetic architecture of these disorders and their underlying neurocircuitry.
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26
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Sah A, Sotnikov S, Kharitonova M, Schmuckermair C, Diepold RP, Landgraf R, Whittle N, Singewald N. Epigenetic Mechanisms Within the Cingulate Cortex Regulate Innate Anxiety-Like Behavior. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 22:317-328. [PMID: 30668714 PMCID: PMC6441131 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyz004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological anxiety originates from a complex interplay of genetic predisposition and environmental factors, acting via epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetic processes that can counteract detrimental genetic risk towards innate high anxiety are not well characterized. METHODS We used female mouse lines of selectively bred high (HAB)- vs low (LAB)-innate anxiety-related behavior and performed select environmental and pharmacological manipulations to alter anxiety levels as well as brain-specific manipulations and immunohistochemistry to investigate neuronal mechanisms associated with alterations in anxiety-related behavior. RESULTS Inborn hyperanxiety of high anxiety-like phenotypes was effectively reduced by environmental enrichment exposure. c-Fos mapping revealed that hyperanxiety in high anxiety-like phenotypes was associated with blunted challenge-induced neuronal activation in the cingulate-cortex, which was normalized by environmental enrichment. Relating this finding with epigenetic modifications, we found that high anxiety-like phenotypes (compared with low-innate anxiety phenotypes) showed reduced acetylation in the hypoactivated cingulate-cortex neurons following a mild emotional challenge, which again was normalized by environmental enrichment. Paralleling the findings using environmental enrichment, systemic administration of histone-deacetylase-inhibitor MS-275 elicited an anxiolytic-like effect, which was correlated with increased acetylated-histone-3 levels within cingulate-cortex. Finally, as a proof-of-principle, local MS-275 injection into cingulate-cortex rescued enhanced innate anxiety and increased acetylated-histone-3 within the cingulate-cortex, suggesting this epigenetic mark as a biomarker for treatment success. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the present findings provide the first causal evidence that the attenuation of high innate anxiety-like behavior via environmental/pharmacological manipulations is epigenetically mediated via acetylation changes within the cingulate-cortex. Finally, histone-3 specific histone-deacetylase-inhibitor could be of therapeutic importance in anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Sah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Maria Kharitonova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Schmuckermair
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | - Nigel Whittle
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nicolas Singewald
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria,Correspondence: Nicolas Singewald, PhD, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80–82/III, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria ()
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27
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Kim EJ, Kim YK. Panic disorders: The role of genetics and epigenetics. AIMS GENETICS 2018; 5:177-190. [PMID: 31435520 PMCID: PMC6690230 DOI: 10.3934/genet.2018.3.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Panic disorder is characterized by symptoms with abrupt surges of fear with palpitations, sweating, trembling, heat sensations. Considering its disease burden on each individual and on society, understanding its etiology is important. Though no one specific etiology has been known, like other psychiatric disorders, multiple factors such as genetic, environmental, neurobiological, psychopathological factors have been suggested. In this article, we reviewed currently known etiologies and related study results, regarding especially genetic and epigenetic aspects of the panic disorder. Early studies, including twin studies, family studies, adoption studies suggested highly familial trait of panic disorder. Linkage studies, either, found panic disorder is not a single gene disorder but confirmed existence of multiple related genes. Chromosome and candidate gene studies found few related genes, NPY, ADORA2A, COMT, IKBKE. Newer method, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been searching for newer genes. No genome-wide significant genes, however, were detected, confirming previously known candidate genes, NPY5R on 4q31.3-32, BDKRB2 on 14q32, instead. Epigenetic modification has also been studied on many different psychiatric disorders. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) hypomethylation, taken together with negative life events, showed relation with panic disorder. Glutamate decarbodylases 1 (GAD1) hypomethylation was also specific on panic disorder patients. Relation with noradrenaline transporter (NET) gene SLC6a2 promoter methylation has also been studied. In conclusion, no specific gene or epigenetic pattern can fully explain etiology of panic disorder. Few genes and epigenetic patterns, however, showed strong association with panic disorder compared to healthy controls. Considering its multivariable background, further studies with larger populations can confirm current results and clarify etiologies of panic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Ku Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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28
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Wen C, Mehta CM, Tan H, Zhang H. Whole genome association study of brain-wide imaging phenotypes: A study of the ping cohort. Genet Epidemiol 2018; 42:265-275. [PMID: 29411414 PMCID: PMC5851842 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Neuropsychological disorders have a biological basis rooted in brain function, and neuroimaging data are expected to better illuminate the complex genetic basis of neuropsychological disorders. Because they are biological measures, neuroimaging data avoid biases arising from clinical diagnostic criteria that are subject to human understanding and interpretation. A challenge with analyzing neuroimaging data is their high dimensionality and complex spatial relationships. To tackle this challenge, we introduced a novel distance covariance tests that can assess the association between genetic markers and multivariate diffusion tensor imaging measurements, and analyzed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) dataset collected by the Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition, and Genetics (PING) study. We also considered existing approaches as comparisons. Our results showed that, after correcting for multiplicity, distance covariance tests of the multivariate phenotype yield significantly greater power at detecting genetic markers affecting brain structure than standard mass univariate GWAS of individual neuroimaging biomarkers. Our results underscore the usefulness of utilizing the distance covariance to incorporate neuroimaging data in GWAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canhong Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Statistics and Finance, School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Department of Statistical Science, School of Mathematics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chintan M. Mehta
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Haizhu Tan
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Physics and Computer Applications, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
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29
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Sanchez-Pulido L, Ponting CP. TMEM132: an ancient architecture of cohesin and immunoglobulin domains define a new family of neural adhesion molecules. Bioinformatics 2018; 34:721-724. [PMID: 29088312 PMCID: PMC6030884 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary The molecular functions of TMEM132 genes remain poorly understood and under-investigated despite their mutations associated with non-syndromic hearing loss, panic disorder and cancer. Here we show the full domain architecture of human TMEM132 family proteins solved using in-depth sequence and structural analysis. We reveal them to be five previously unappreciated cell adhesion molecules whose domain architecture has an early holozoan origin prior to the emergence of choanoflagellates and metazoa. The extra-cellular portions of TMEM132 proteins contain five conserved domains including three tandem immunoglobulin domains, and a cohesin domain homologue, the first such domain found in animals. These findings strongly predict a cellular adhesion function for TMEM132 family, connecting the extracellular medium with the intracellular actin cytoskeleton. Contact luis.sanchez-pulido@igmm.ed.ac.uk. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Sanchez-Pulido
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Chris P Ponting
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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30
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Morimoto Y, Shimada-Sugimoto M, Otowa T, Yoshida S, Kinoshita A, Mishima H, Yamaguchi N, Mori T, Imamura A, Ozawa H, Kurotaki N, Ziegler C, Domschke K, Deckert J, Umekage T, Tochigi M, Kaiya H, Okazaki Y, Tokunaga K, Sasaki T, Yoshiura KI, Ono S. Whole-exome sequencing and gene-based rare variant association tests suggest that PLA2G4E might be a risk gene for panic disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:41. [PMID: 29391400 PMCID: PMC5804028 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-017-0088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Panic disorder (PD) is characterized by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, subsequent anticipatory anxiety, and phobic avoidance. Recent epidemiological and genetic studies have revealed that genetic factors contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. We performed whole-exome sequencing on one Japanese family, including multiple patients with panic disorder, which identified seven rare protein-altering variants. We then screened these genes in a Japanese PD case-control group (384 sporadic PD patients and 571 controls), resulting in the detection of three novel single nucleotide variants as potential candidates for PD (chr15: 42631993, T>C in GANC; chr15: 42342861, G>T in PLA2G4E; chr20: 3641457, G>C in GFRA4). Statistical analyses of these three genes showed that PLA2G4E yielded the lowest p value in gene-based rare variant association tests by Efficient and Parallelizable Association Container Toolbox algorithms; however, the p value did not reach the significance threshold in the Japanese. Likewise, in a German case-control study (96 sporadic PD patients and 96 controls), PLA2G4E showed the lowest p value but again did not reach the significance threshold. In conclusion, we failed to find any significant variants or genes responsible for the development of PD. Nonetheless, our results still leave open the possibility that rare protein-altering variants in PLA2G4E contribute to the risk of PD, considering the function of this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Morimoto
- 0000 0000 8902 2273grid.174567.6Department of Neuropsychiatry, Unit of Translation Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan ,0000 0000 8902 2273grid.174567.6Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mihoko Shimada-Sugimoto
- 0000 0001 2151 536Xgrid.26999.3dDepartment of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Otowa
- grid.440938.2Graduate School of Clinical Psychology, Professional Degree Program in Clinical Psychology, Teikyo Heisei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yoshida
- 0000 0000 8902 2273grid.174567.6Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akira Kinoshita
- 0000 0000 8902 2273grid.174567.6Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mishima
- 0000 0000 8902 2273grid.174567.6Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naohiro Yamaguchi
- 0000 0000 8902 2273grid.174567.6Department of Neuropsychiatry, Unit of Translation Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Akira Imamura
- 0000 0000 8902 2273grid.174567.6Department of Neuropsychiatry, Unit of Translation Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ozawa
- 0000 0000 8902 2273grid.174567.6Department of Neuropsychiatry, Unit of Translation Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Naohiro Kurotaki
- 0000 0000 8902 2273grid.174567.6Department of Neuropsychiatry, Unit of Translation Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Christiane Ziegler
- 0000 0001 1958 8658grid.8379.5Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- 0000 0001 1958 8658grid.8379.5Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany ,grid.5963.9Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- 0000 0001 1958 8658grid.8379.5Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tadashi Umekage
- 0000 0001 2151 536Xgrid.26999.3dDivision for Environment, Health and Safety, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tochigi
- 0000 0000 9239 9995grid.264706.1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Kaiya
- Panic Disorder Research Center, Warakukai Med. Corp, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Koseikai Michino-o Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- 0000 0001 2151 536Xgrid.26999.3dDepartment of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sasaki
- 0000 0001 2151 536Xgrid.26999.3dDepartment of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koh-ichiro Yoshiura
- 0000 0000 8902 2273grid.174567.6Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinji Ono
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Unit of Translation Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. .,Department of Human Genetics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. .,Aino-Ariake Hospital, Unzen, Nagasaki, Japan.
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31
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Naik RR, Sotnikov SV, Diepold RP, Iurato S, Markt PO, Bultmann A, Brehm N, Mattheus T, Lutz B, Erhardt A, Binder EB, Schmidt U, Holsboer F, Landgraf R, Czibere L. Polymorphism in Tmem132d regulates expression and anxiety-related behavior through binding of RNA polymerase II complex. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:1. [PMID: 29317594 PMCID: PMC5802467 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-017-0025-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
TMEM132D is a candidate gene, where risk genotypes have been associated with anxiety severity along with higher mRNA expression in the frontal cortex of panic disorder patients. Concurrently, in a high (HAB) and low (LAB) trait anxiety mouse model, Tmem132d was found to show increased expression in the anterior cingulate cortex (aCC) of HAB as compared to LAB mice. To understand the molecular underpinnings underlying the differential expression, we sequenced the gene and found two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter differing between both lines which could explain the observed mRNA expression profiles using gene reporter assays. In addition, there was no difference in basal DNA methylation in the CpG Island that encompasses the HAB vs. LAB Tmem132d promoter region. Furthermore, we found significantly higher binding of RNA polymerase II (POLR2A) to the proximal HAB-specific SNP (rs233264624) than the corresponding LAB locus in an oligonucleotide pull-down assay, suggesting increased transcription. Virus mediated overexpression of Tmem132d in the aCC of C57BL/6 J mice could confirm its role in mediating an anxiogenic phenotype. To model gene-environmental interactions, HAB mice exposed to enriched environment (HAB-EE) responded with decreased anxiety levels but, had enhanced Tmem132d mRNA expression as compared to standard-housed HAB (HAB-SH) mice. While LAB mice subjected to unpredictable chronic mild stress (LAB-UCMS) exhibited higher anxiety levels and had lower mRNA expression compared to standard-housed LAB (LAB-SH) mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed significantly higher binding of POLR2A to rs233264624 in HAB-EE, while LAB-UCMS had lower POLR2A binding at this locus, thus explaining the enhanced or attenuated expression of Tmem132d compared to their respective SH controls. To further investigate gene-environment interactions, DNA methylation was assessed using Illumina 450 K BeadChip in 74 panic disorder patients. Significant methylation differences were observed in two CpGs (cg26322591 and cg03283235) located in TMEM132D depending on the number of positive life events supporting the results of an influence of positive environmental cues on regulation of Tmem132d expression in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan R Naik
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Behavioral and Molecular Neurobiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
| | - Sergey V Sotnikov
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Stella Iurato
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Nadine Brehm
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Mattheus
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Beat Lutz
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Ludwig Czibere
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
- Labor Becker und, 81671, Munich, Germany
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32
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Emeny RT, Baumert J, Zannas AS, Kunze S, Wahl S, Iurato S, Arloth J, Erhardt A, Balsevich G, Schmidt MV, Weber P, Kretschmer A, Pfeiffer L, Kruse J, Strauch K, Roden M, Herder C, Koenig W, Gieger C, Waldenberger M, Peters A, Binder EB, Ladwig KH. Anxiety Associated Increased CpG Methylation in the Promoter of Asb1: A Translational Approach Evidenced by Epidemiological and Clinical Studies and a Murine Model. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018; 43:342-353. [PMID: 28540928 PMCID: PMC5729551 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2017.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation in anxiety is suggested, but evidence from large studies is needed. We conducted an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) on anxiety in a population-based cohort and validated our finding in a clinical cohort as well as a murine model. In the KORA cohort, participants (n=1522, age 32-72 years) were administered the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) instrument, whole blood DNA methylation was measured (Illumina 450K BeadChip), and circulating levels of hs-CRP and IL-18 were assessed in the association between anxiety and methylation. DNA methylation was measured using the same instrument in a study of patients with anxiety disorders recruited at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (MPIP, 131 non-medicated cases and 169 controls). To expand our mechanistic understanding, these findings were reverse translated in a mouse model of acute social defeat stress. In the KORA study, participants were classified according to mild, moderate, or severe levels of anxiety (29.4%/6.0%/1.5%, respectively). Severe anxiety was associated with 48.5% increased methylation at a single CpG site (cg12701571) located in the promoter of the gene encoding Asb1 (β-coefficient=0.56 standard error (SE)=0.10, p (Bonferroni)=0.005), a protein hypothetically involved in regulation of cytokine signaling. An interaction between IL-18 and severe anxiety with methylation of this CpG cite showed a tendency towards significance in the total population (p=0.083) and a significant interaction among women (p=0.014). Methylation of the same CpG was positively associated with Panic and Agoraphobia scale (PAS) scores (β=0.005, SE=0.002, p=0.021, n=131) among cases in the MPIP study. In a murine model of acute social defeat stress, Asb1 gene expression was significantly upregulated in a tissue-specific manner (p=0.006), which correlated with upregulation of the neuroimmunomodulating cytokine interleukin 1 beta. Our findings suggest epigenetic regulation of the stress-responsive Asb1 gene in anxiety-related phenotypes. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the causal direction of this association and the potential role of Asb1-mediated immune dysregulation in anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca T Emeny
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Jens Baumert
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anthony S Zannas
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sonja Kunze
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simone Wahl
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stella Iurato
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Janine Arloth
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany,Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Angelika Erhardt
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Georgia Balsevich
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Weber
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja Kretschmer
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Liliane Pfeiffer
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Kruse
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Gießen, Hesse, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Koenig
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology and Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2-10, Munich 80804, Germany, Tel: +49 89 30622586, Fax: +49 89 30622471 E-mail:
| | - Karl-Heinz Ladwig
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany,Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie des Klinikums Rechts der Isar der TUM, Munich, Germany,Institute of Epidemiology II, Mental Health Research Unit Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH) Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, Neuherberg 85764, Germany, Tel: +49 89 31873623, Fax: +49 89 31873364E-mail:
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33
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Iurato S, Carrillo-Roa T, Arloth J, Czamara D, Diener-Hölzl L, Lange J, Müller-Myhsok B, Binder EB, Erhardt A. "DNA Methylation signatures in panic disorder". Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:1287. [PMID: 29249830 PMCID: PMC5802688 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-017-0026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Panic disorder (PD) affects about four million Europeans, with women affected twice as likely as men, causing substantial suffering and high economic costs. The etiopathogenesis of PD remains largely unknown, but both genetic and environmental factors contribute to risk. An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) was conducted to compare medication-free PD patients (n = 89) with healthy controls (n = 76) stratified by gender. Replication was sought in an independent sample (131 cases, 169 controls) and functional analyses were conducted in a third sample (N = 71). DNA methylation was assessed in whole blood using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. One genome-wide association surviving FDR of 5% (cg07308824, P = 1.094 × 10-7, P-adj = 0.046) was identified in female PD patients (N = 49) compared to controls (N = 48). The same locus, located in an enhancer region of the HECA gene, was also hypermethylated in female PD patients in the replication sample (P = 0.035) and the significance of the association improved in the meta-analysis (P-adj = 0.004). Methylation at this CpG site was associated with HECA mRNA expression in another independent female sample (N = 71) both at baseline (P = 0.046) and after induction by dexamethasone (P = 0.029). Of 15 candidates, 5 previously reported as associated with PD or anxiety traits also showed differences in DNA methylation after gene-wise correction and included SGK1, FHIT, ADCYAP1, HTR1A, HTR2A. Our study examines epigenome-wide differences in peripheral blood for PD patients. Our results point to possible sex-specific methylation changes in the HECA gene for PD but overall highlight that this disorder is not associated with extensive changes in DNA methylation in peripheral blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Iurato
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
| | - Tania Carrillo-Roa
- 0000 0000 9497 5095grid.419548.5Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Janine Arloth
- 0000 0000 9497 5095grid.419548.5Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Darina Czamara
- 0000 0000 9497 5095grid.419548.5Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Diener-Hölzl
- 0000 0000 9497 5095grid.419548.5Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Lange
- 0000 0000 9497 5095grid.419548.5Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- 0000 0000 9497 5095grid.419548.5Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B. Binder
- 0000 0000 9497 5095grid.419548.5Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany ,0000 0001 0941 6502grid.189967.8Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Angelika Erhardt
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
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Abstract
Panic disorder (PD) is a severe and disabling mental disorder, which is moderately heritable. In a previous study, we carried out a genome-wide association study using patients with PD and control individuals from the isolated population of the Faroe Islands and identified chromosome 19p13.2 as a candidate region. To further investigate this chromosomal region for association with PD, we analysed eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three candidate genes - small-nuclear RNA activating complex, polypeptide 2 (SNAPC2), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 (MAP2K7) and leucine-rich repeat containing 8 family, member E (LRRC8E) - these genes have previously been directly or indirectly implicated in other mental disorders. A total of 511 patients with PD and 1029 healthy control individuals from the Faroe Islands, Denmark and Germany were included in the current study. SNPs covering the gene region of SNAPC2, MAP2K7 and LRRC8E were genotyped and tested for association with PD. In the Faroese cohort, rs7788 within SNAPC2 was significantly associated with PD, whereas rs3745383 within LRRC8E was nominally associated. No association was observed between the analysed SNPs and PD in the Danish cohorts. In the German women, we observed a nominal association between rs4804833 within MAP2K7 and PD. We present further evidence that chromosome 19p13.2 may harbour candidate genes that contribute towards the risk of developing PD. Moreover, the implication of the associated genes in other mental disorders may indicate shared genetic susceptibility between mental disorders. We show that associated variants may be sex specific, indicating the importance of carrying out a sex-specific association analysis of PD.
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GLRB allelic variation associated with agoraphobic cognitions, increased startle response and fear network activation: a potential neurogenetic pathway to panic disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:1431-1439. [PMID: 28167838 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The molecular genetics of panic disorder (PD) with and without agoraphobia (AG) are still largely unknown and progress is hampered by small sample sizes. We therefore performed a genome-wide association study with a dimensional, PD/AG-related anxiety phenotype based on the Agoraphobia Cognition Questionnaire (ACQ) in a sample of 1370 healthy German volunteers of the CRC TRR58 MEGA study wave 1. A genome-wide significant association was found between ACQ and single non-coding nucleotide variants of the GLRB gene (rs78726293, P=3.3 × 10-8; rs191260602, P=3.9 × 10-8). We followed up on this finding in a larger dimensional ACQ sample (N=2547) and in independent samples with a dichotomous AG phenotype based on the Symptoms Checklist (SCL-90; N=3845) and a case-control sample with the categorical phenotype PD/AG (Ncombined =1012) obtaining highly significant P-values also for GLRB single-nucleotide variants rs17035816 (P=3.8 × 10-4) and rs7688285 (P=7.6 × 10-5). GLRB gene expression was found to be modulated by rs7688285 in brain tissue, as well as cell culture. Analyses of intermediate PD/AG phenotypes demonstrated increased startle reflex and increased fear network, as well as general sensory activation by GLRB risk gene variants rs78726293, rs191260602, rs17035816 and rs7688285. Partial Glrb knockout mice demonstrated an agoraphobic phenotype. In conjunction with the clinical observation that rare coding GLRB gene mutations are associated with the neurological disorder hyperekplexia characterized by a generalized startle reaction and agoraphobic behavior, our data provide evidence that non-coding, although functional GLRB gene polymorphisms may predispose to PD by increasing startle response and agoraphobic cognitions.
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36
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Schiele MA, Domschke K. Epigenetics at the crossroads between genes, environment and resilience in anxiety disorders. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2017; 17:e12423. [DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Schiele
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg; Freiburg Germany
| | - K. Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg; Freiburg Germany
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Liu J, Xu Y, Kang Y, Cao S, Shi G, Cui H, Sun S, Wang L. The aberrantly expressed long non-coding RNA in the substantia nigra and corpus striatum of Nrf2-knockout mice. J Neurochem 2017; 143:65-75. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Yali Xu
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Yunxiao Kang
- Department of Neurobiology; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Shanhu Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Geming Shi
- Department of Neurobiology; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Huixian Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Shaoguang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
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Lueken U, Kuhn M, Yang Y, Straube B, Kircher T, Wittchen HU, Pfleiderer B, Arolt V, Wittmann A, Ströhle A, Weber H, Reif A, Domschke K, Deckert J, Lonsdorf TB. Modulation of defensive reactivity by GLRB allelic variation: converging evidence from an intermediate phenotype approach. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1227. [PMID: 28872638 PMCID: PMC5639239 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Representing a phylogenetically old and very basic mechanism of inhibitory neurotransmission, glycine receptors have been implicated in the modulation of behavioral components underlying defensive responding toward threat. As one of the first findings being confirmed by genome-wide association studies for the phenotype of panic disorder and agoraphobia, allelic variation in a gene coding for the glycine receptor beta subunit (GLRB) has recently been associated with increased neural fear network activation and enhanced acoustic startle reflexes. On the basis of two independent healthy control samples, we here aimed to further explore the functional significance of the GLRB genotype (rs7688285) by employing an intermediate phenotype approach. We focused on the phenotype of defensive system reactivity across the levels of brain function, structure, and physiology. Converging evidence across both samples was found for increased neurofunctional activation in the (anterior) insular cortex in GLRB risk allele carriers and altered fear conditioning as a function of genotype. The robustness of GLRB effects is demonstrated by consistent findings across different experimental fear conditioning paradigms and recording sites. Altogether, findings provide translational evidence for glycine neurotransmission as a modulator of the brain's evolutionary old dynamic defensive system and provide further support for a strong, biologically plausible candidate intermediate phenotype of defensive reactivity. As such, glycine-dependent neurotransmission may open up new avenues for mechanistic research on the etiopathogenesis of fear and anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Lueken
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Kuhn
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Phillips-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - B Straube
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Phillips-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - T Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Phillips-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - H-U Wittchen
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - B Pfleiderer
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - V Arolt
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - A Wittmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Ströhle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - H Weber
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - A Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - K Domschke
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Deckert
- Center of Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - T B Lonsdorf
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Vallée A, Daures J, van Arendonk JAM, Bovenhuis H. Genome-wide association study for behavior, type traits, and muscular development in Charolais beef cattle. J Anim Sci 2017; 94:2307-16. [PMID: 27285908 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016-0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavior, type traits, and muscular development are of interest for beef cattle breeding. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) enable the identification of candidate genes, which enables gene-based selection and provides insight in the genetic architecture of these traits. The objective of the current study was to perform a GWAS for 3 behavior traits, 12 type traits, and muscular development in Charolais cattle. Behavior traits, including aggressiveness at parturition, aggressiveness during gestation period, and maternal care, were scored by farmers. Type traits, including udder conformation, teat, feet and legs, and locomotion, were scored by trained classifiers. Data used in the GWAS consisted of 3,274 cows with phenotypic records and genotyping information for 44,930 SNP. When SNP had a false discovery rate (FDR) smaller than 0.05, they were referred to as significant. When SNP had a FDR between 0.05 and 0.20, they were referred to as suggestive. Four significant and 12 suggestive regions were detected for aggressiveness during gestation, maternal care, udder balance, teat thinness, teat length, foot angle, foot depth, and locomotion. These 4 significant and 12 suggestive regions were not supported by other significant SNP in close proximity. No SNP with major effects were detected for behavior and type traits, and SNP associations for these traits were spread across the genome, suggesting that behavior and type traits were influenced by many genes, each explaining a small part of genetic variance. The GWAS identified 1 region on chromosome 2 significantly associated with muscular development, which included the myostatin gene (), which is known to affect muscularity. No other regions associated with muscular development were found. Results showed that the myostatin region associated with muscular development had pleiotropic effects on udder volume, teat thinness, rear leg, and leg angle.
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Notaras MJ, Hill RA, Gogos JA, van den Buuse M. BDNF Val66Met Genotype Interacts With a History of Simulated Stress Exposure to Regulate Sensorimotor Gating and Startle Reactivity. Schizophr Bull 2017; 43:665-672. [PMID: 27262112 PMCID: PMC5464110 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Reduced expression of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism, which results in deficient activity-dependent secretion of BDNF, is associated with clinical features of schizophrenia. We investigated the effect of this polymorphism on Prepulse Inhibition (PPI), a translational model of sensorimotor gating which is disrupted in schizophrenia. We utilized humanized BDNFVal66Met (hBDNFVal66Met) mice which have been modified to carry the Val66Met polymorphism, as well as express humanized BDNF in vivo. We also studied the long-term effect of chronic corticosterone (CORT) exposure in these animals as a model of history of stress. PPI was assessed at 30ms and 100ms interstimulus intervals (ISI). Analysis of PPI at the commonly used 100ms ISI identified that, irrespective of CORT treatment, the hBDNFVal/Met genotype was associated with significantly reduced PPI. In contrast, PPI was not different between hBDNFMet/Met and hBDNFVal/Val genotype mice. At the 30ms ISI, CORT treatment selectively disrupted sensorimotor gating of hBDNFVal/Met heterozygote mice but not hBDNFVal/Val or hBDNFMet/Met mice. Analysis of startle reactivity revealed that chronic CORT reduced startle reactivity of hBDNFVal/Val male mice by 51%. However, this was independent of the effect of CORT on PPI. In summary, we provide evidence of a distinct BDNFVal66Met heterozygote-specific phenotype using the sensorimotor gating endophenotype of schizophrenia. These data have important implications for clinical studies where, if possible, the BDNFVal/Met heterozygote genotype should be distinguished from the BDNFMet/Met genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Notaras
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia;,Psychoneuroendocrinology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rachel A. Hill
- Psychoneuroendocrinology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joseph A. Gogos
- Departments of Biophysics and Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Maarten van den Buuse
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia;,School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia;,The College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
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Sobanski T, Wagner G. Functional neuroanatomy in panic disorder: Status quo of the research. World J Psychiatry 2017; 7:12-33. [PMID: 28401046 PMCID: PMC5371170 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v7.i1.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To provide an overview of the current research in the functional neuroanatomy of panic disorder.
METHODS Panic disorder (PD) is a frequent psychiatric disease. Gorman et al (1989; 2000) proposed a comprehensive neuroanatomical model of PD, which suggested that fear- and anxiety-related responses are mediated by a so-called “fear network” which is centered in the amygdala and includes the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray region, locus coeruleus and other brainstem sites. We performed a systematic search by the electronic database PubMed. Thereby, the main focus was laid on recent neurofunctional, neurostructural, and neurochemical studies (from the period between January 2012 and April 2016). Within this frame, special attention was given to the emerging field of imaging genetics.
RESULTS We noted that many neuroimaging studies have reinforced the role of the “fear network” regions in the pathophysiology of panic disorder. However, recent functional studies suggest abnormal activation mainly in an extended fear network comprising brainstem, anterior and midcingulate cortex (ACC and MCC), insula, and lateral as well as medial parts of the prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, differences in the amygdala activation were not as consistently reported as one would predict from the hypothesis of Gorman et al (2000). Indeed, amygdala hyperactivation seems to strongly depend on stimuli and experimental paradigms, sample heterogeneity and size, as well as on limitations of neuroimaging techniques. Advanced neurochemical studies have substantiated the major role of serotonergic, noradrenergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission in the pathophysiology of PD. However, alterations of GABAergic function in PD are still a matter of debate and also their specificity remains questionable. A promising new research approach is “imaging genetics”. Imaging genetic studies are designed to evaluate the impact of genetic variations (polymorphisms) on cerebral function in regions critical for PD. Most recently, imaging genetic studies have not only confirmed the importance of serotonergic and noradrenergic transmission in the etiology of PD but also indicated the significance of neuropeptide S receptor, CRH receptor, human TransMEMbrane protein (TMEM123D), and amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2 (ACCN2) genes.
CONCLUSION In light of these findings it is conceivable that in the near future this research will lead to the development of clinically useful tools like predictive biomarkers or novel treatment options.
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Dunn EC, Sofer T, Gallo LC, Gogarten SM, Kerr KF, Chen CY, Stein MB, Ursano RJ, Guo X, Jia Y, Qi Q, Rotter JI, Argos M, Cai J, Penedo FJ, Perreira K, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Smoller JW. Genome-wide association study of generalized anxiety symptoms in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2017; 174:132-143. [PMID: 27159506 PMCID: PMC5501086 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is heritable and aggregates in families, no genomic loci associated with GAD have been reported. We aimed to discover potential loci by conducting a genome-wide analysis of GAD symptoms in a large, population-based sample of Hispanic/Latino adults. Data came from 12,282 participants (aged 18-74) in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Using a shortened Spielberger Trait Anxiety measure, we analyzed the following: (i) a GAD symptoms score restricted to the three items tapping diagnostic features of GAD as defined by DSM-V; and (ii) a total trait anxiety score based on summing responses to all ten items. We first calculated the heritability due to common variants (h2SNP ) and then conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of GAD symptoms. Replication was attempted in three independent Hispanic cohorts (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, Women's Health Initiative, Army STARRS). The GAD symptoms score showed evidence of modest heritability (7.2%; P = 0.03), while the total trait anxiety score did not (4.97%; P = 0.20). One genotyped SNP (rs78602344) intronic to thrombospondin 2 (THBS2) was nominally associated (P = 5.28 × 10-8 ) in the primary analysis adjusting for psychiatric medication use and significantly associated with the GAD symptoms score in the analysis excluding medication users (P = 4.18 × 10-8 ). However, meta-analysis of the replication samples did not support this association. Although we identified a genome-wide significant locus in this sample, we were unable to replicate this finding. Evidence for heritability was also only detected for GAD symptoms, and not the trait anxiety measure, suggesting differential genetic influences within the domain of trait anxiety. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin C. Dunn
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, La Jolla, California
| | | | - Kathleen F. Kerr
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Chia-Yen Chen
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Murray B. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Robert J. Ursano
- Department of Psychiatry, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda Maryland
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Yucheng Jia
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx New York, New York
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Maria Argos
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Frank J Penedo
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Krista Perreira
- College and Arts and Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx New York, New York
| | - Jordan W. Smoller
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Epigenome-wide association study of DNA methylation in panic disorder. Clin Epigenetics 2017; 9:6. [PMID: 28149334 PMCID: PMC5270210 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Panic disorder (PD) is considered to be a multifactorial disorder emerging from interactions among multiple genetic and environmental factors. To date, although genetic studies reported several susceptibility genes with PD, few of them were replicated and the pathogenesis of PD remains to be clarified. Epigenetics is considered to play an important role in etiology of complex traits and diseases, and DNA methylation is one of the major forms of epigenetic modifications. In this study, we performed an epigenome-wide association study of PD using DNA methylation arrays so as to investigate the possibility that different levels of DNA methylation might be associated with PD. Methods The DNA methylation levels of CpG sites across the genome were examined with genomic DNA samples (PD, N = 48, control, N = 48) extracted from peripheral blood. Methylation arrays were used for the analysis. β values, which represent the levels of DNA methylation, were normalized via an appropriate pipeline. Then, β values were converted to M values via the logit transformation for epigenome-wide association study. The relationship between each DNA methylation site and PD was assessed by linear regression analysis with adjustments for the effects of leukocyte subsets. Results Forty CpG sites showed significant association with PD at 5% FDR correction, though the differences of the DNA methylation levels were relatively small. Most of the significant CpG sites (37/40 CpG sites) were located in or around CpG islands. Many of the significant CpG sites (27/40 CpG sites) were located upstream of genes, and all such CpG sites with the exception of two were hypomethylated in PD subjects. A pathway analysis on the genes annotated to the significant CpG sites identified several pathways, including “positive regulation of lymphocyte activation.” Conclusions Although future studies with larger number of samples are necessary to confirm the small DNA methylation abnormalities associated with PD, there is a possibility that several CpG sites might be associated, together as a group, with PD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-016-0307-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Gregersen NO, Lescai F, Liang J, Li Q, Als T, Buttenschøn HN, Hedemand A, Biskopstø M, Wang J, Wang AG, Børglum AD, Mors O, Demontis D. Whole-exome sequencing implicates DGKH as a risk gene for panic disorder in the Faroese population. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171:1013-1022. [PMID: 27255576 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The demographic history of the isolated population of the Faroe Islands may have induced enrichment of variants rarely seen in outbred European populations, including enrichment of risk variants for panic disorder (PD). PD is a common mental disorder, characterized by recurring and unprovoked panic attacks, and genetic factors have been estimated to explain around 40% of the risk. In this study the potential enrichment of PD risk variants was explored based on whole-exome sequencing of 54 patients with PD and 211 control individuals from the Faroese population. No genome-wide significant associations were found, however several single variants and genes showed strong association with PD, where DGKH was found to be the strongest PD associated gene. Interestingly DGKH has previously demonstrated genome-wide significant association with bipolar disorder as well as evidence of association to other mental disorders. Additionally, we found an enrichment of PD risk variants in the Faroese population; variants with otherwise low frequency in more outbreed European populations. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noomi O Gregersen
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Genetic Biobank of the Faroe Islands, Torshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Francesco Lescai
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Thomas Als
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henriette N Buttenschøn
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Hedemand
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jun Wang
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - August G Wang
- Centre of Psychiatry Amager, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders D Børglum
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.,Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Ditte Demontis
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
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Otowa T, Hek K, Lee M, Byrne EM, Mirza SS, Nivard MG, Bigdeli T, Aggen SH, Adkins D, Wolen A, Fanous A, Keller MC, Castelao E, Kutalik Z, Van der Auwera S, Homuth G, Nauck M, Teumer A, Milaneschi Y, Hottenga JJ, Direk N, Hofman A, Uitterlinden A, Mulder CL, Henders AK, Medland SE, Gordon S, Heath AC, Madden PA, Pergadia M, van der Most PJ, Nolte IM, van Oort FV, Hartman CA, Oldehinkel AJ, Preisig M, Grabe HJ, Middeldorp CM, Penninx BWJH, Boomsma D, Martin NG, Montgomery G, Maher BS, van den Oord EJ, Wray NR, Tiemeier H, Hettema JM. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of anxiety disorders. Mol Psychiatry 2016; 21:1391-9. [PMID: 26754954 PMCID: PMC4940340 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2015.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 283] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders (ADs), namely generalized AD, panic disorder and phobias, are common, etiologically complex conditions with a partially genetic basis. Despite differing on diagnostic definitions based on clinical presentation, ADs likely represent various expressions of an underlying common diathesis of abnormal regulation of basic threat-response systems. We conducted genome-wide association analyses in nine samples of European ancestry from seven large, independent studies. To identify genetic variants contributing to genetic susceptibility shared across interview-generated DSM-based ADs, we applied two phenotypic approaches: (1) comparisons between categorical AD cases and supernormal controls, and (2) quantitative phenotypic factor scores (FS) derived from a multivariate analysis combining information across the clinical phenotypes. We used logistic and linear regression, respectively, to analyze the association between these phenotypes and genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms. Meta-analysis for each phenotype combined results across the nine samples for over 18 000 unrelated individuals. Each meta-analysis identified a different genome-wide significant region, with the following markers showing the strongest association: for case-control contrasts, rs1709393 located in an uncharacterized non-coding RNA locus on chromosomal band 3q12.3 (P=1.65 × 10(-8)); for FS, rs1067327 within CAMKMT encoding the calmodulin-lysine N-methyltransferase on chromosomal band 2p21 (P=2.86 × 10(-9)). Independent replication and further exploration of these findings are needed to more fully understand the role of these variants in risk and expression of ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Otowa
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Karin Hek
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Epidemiological and Social Psychiatric Research institute, Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Minyoung Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Enda M. Byrne
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Saira S. Mirza
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel G. Nivard
- Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Bigdeli
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Steven H. Aggen
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Daniel Adkins
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Aaron Wolen
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Ayman Fanous
- Mental Health Service Line, Washington VA Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Matthew C. Keller
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder
| | - Enrique Castelao
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Georg Homuth
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst Moritz Arndt-University Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nese Direk
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andre Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis L. Mulder
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anjali K. Henders
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sarah E. Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Scott Gordon
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Andrew C. Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, USA
| | - Pamela A.F. Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, USA
| | - Michelle Pergadia
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, USA
- Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Peter J. van der Most
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Floor V.A. van Oort
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Catharina A. Hartman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albertine J. Oldehinkel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Preisig
- Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Hans Jörgen Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Helios Hospital Stralsund, Germany
| | - Christel M. Middeldorp
- Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, GGZ inGeest/VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda WJH Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center/GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret Boomsma
- Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Grant Montgomery
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brion S. Maher
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edwin J. van den Oord
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Naomi R. Wray
- QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John M. Hettema
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Lubke GH, Miller PJ, Verhulst B, Bartels M, van Beijsterveldt T, Willemsen G, Boomsma DI, Middeldorp CM. A powerful phenotype for gene-finding studies derived from trajectory analyses of symptoms of anxiety and depression between age seven and 18. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171:948-57. [PMID: 26334918 PMCID: PMC4852155 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the utility of longitudinal data in genetic analyses of symptoms of anxiety and depression, we assessed individual differences between age 7 and 18 using growth mixture models, and investigated the genetic and non-genetic factors contributing to the trajectories. Mothers of 7,706 girl and 7,418 boy twins from the Netherlands Twin Register rated the anxious depression scale (SxAnxDep) of the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) at age 7, 10, and 12 years. Two thousand seven hundred and six girl and 1,856 boy twins completed the Youth Self Report (YSR) at age 14, 16, and 18. While individual trajectories varied considerably, these differences were largely idiosyncratic and could not be grouped into separate latent classes with class-specific average growth curves. The intercept, which reflects the individuals' baseline level of SxAnxDep across time, explained 55-58% of the total phenotypic variance. The slope factor, which captures a common average trend over time, did not explain variance in the phenotype. This finding also underlines the high level of idiosyncrasy of trajectories that lack a common longitudinal structure. The analyses of twin data showed that the random intercept factor of SxAnxDep during childhood and during adolescence is considerably more heritable than the observations at any single age, namely between 60% and 84%. One explanation is that different factors contribute to the level of symptoms of anxiety and depression at any given time point, including temporary events and emotions. When considering baseline stability, these temporary influences average out, with the result of a more reliable and more heritable phenotype. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitta H Lubke
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana.
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Patrick J Miller
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Brad Verhulst
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Meike Bartels
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO + Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO + Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- EMGO + Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christel M Middeldorp
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, GGZ inGeest/VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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47
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Bandelow B, Baldwin D, Abelli M, Altamura C, Dell'Osso B, Domschke K, Fineberg NA, Grünblatt E, Jarema M, Maron E, Nutt D, Pini S, Vaghi MM, Wichniak A, Zai G, Riederer P. Biological markers for anxiety disorders, OCD and PTSD - a consensus statement. Part I: Neuroimaging and genetics. World J Biol Psychiatry 2016; 17:321-65. [PMID: 27403679 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1181783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Biomarkers are defined as anatomical, biochemical or physiological traits that are specific to certain disorders or syndromes. The objective of this paper is to summarise the current knowledge of biomarkers for anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHODS Findings in biomarker research were reviewed by a task force of international experts in the field, consisting of members of the World Federation of Societies for Biological Psychiatry Task Force on Biological Markers and of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology Anxiety Disorders Research Network. RESULTS The present article (Part I) summarises findings on potential biomarkers in neuroimaging studies, including structural brain morphology, functional magnetic resonance imaging and techniques for measuring metabolic changes, including positron emission tomography and others. Furthermore, this review reports on the clinical and molecular genetic findings of family, twin, linkage, association and genome-wide association studies. Part II of the review focuses on neurochemistry, neurophysiology and neurocognition. CONCLUSIONS Although at present, none of the putative biomarkers is sufficient and specific as a diagnostic tool, an abundance of high-quality research has accumulated that will improve our understanding of the neurobiological causes of anxiety disorders, OCD and PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borwin Bandelow
- a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University of Göttingen , Germany
| | - David Baldwin
- b Faculty of Medicine , University of Southampton , Southampton , UK
| | - Marianna Abelli
- c Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa , Italy
| | - Carlo Altamura
- d Department of Psychiatry , University of Milan; Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Bernardo Dell'Osso
- d Department of Psychiatry , University of Milan; Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Katharina Domschke
- e Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy , University of Wuerzburg , Germany
| | - Naomi A Fineberg
- f Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust and University of Hertfordshire , Rosanne House, Parkway , Welwyn Garden City , UK
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- e Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy , University of Wuerzburg , Germany ;,g Neuroscience Center Zurich , University of Zurich and the ETH Zurich , Zürich , Switzerland ;,h Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich , Zürich , Switzerland ;,i Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology , University of Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Marek Jarema
- j Third Department of Psychiatry , Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology , Warszawa , Poland
| | - Eduard Maron
- k North Estonia Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry , Tallinn , Estonia ;,l Department of Psychiatry , University of Tartu , Estonia ;,m Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences , Imperial College London , UK
| | - David Nutt
- m Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences , Imperial College London , UK
| | - Stefano Pini
- c Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa , Italy
| | - Matilde M Vaghi
- n Department of Psychology and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute , University of Cambridge , UK
| | - Adam Wichniak
- j Third Department of Psychiatry , Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology , Warszawa , Poland
| | - Gwyneth Zai
- n Department of Psychology and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute , University of Cambridge , UK ;,o Neurogenetics Section, Centre for Addiction & Mental Health , Toronto , Canada ;,p Frederick W. Thompson Anxiety Disorders Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre , Toronto , Canada ;,q Institute of Medical Science and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Peter Riederer
- e Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy , University of Wuerzburg , Germany ;,g Neuroscience Center Zurich , University of Zurich and the ETH Zurich , Zürich , Switzerland ;,h Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich , Zürich , Switzerland
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48
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Hodgson K, Almasy L, Knowles EEM, Kent JW, Curran JE, Dyer TD, Göring HHH, Olvera RL, Fox PT, Pearlson GD, Krystal JH, Duggirala R, Blangero J, Glahn DC. Genome-wide significant loci for addiction and anxiety. Eur Psychiatry 2016; 36:47-54. [PMID: 27318301 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric comorbidity is common among individuals with addictive disorders, with patients frequently suffering from anxiety disorders. While the genetic architecture of comorbid addictive and anxiety disorders remains unclear, elucidating the genes involved could provide important insights into the underlying etiology. METHODS Here we examine a sample of 1284 Mexican-Americans from randomly selected extended pedigrees. Variance decomposition methods were used to examine the role of genetics in addiction phenotypes (lifetime history of alcohol dependence, drug dependence or chronic smoking) and various forms of clinically relevant anxiety. Genome-wide univariate and bivariate linkage scans were conducted to localize the chromosomal regions influencing these traits. RESULTS Addiction phenotypes and anxiety were shown to be heritable and univariate genome-wide linkage scans revealed significant quantitative trait loci for drug dependence (14q13.2-q21.2, LOD=3.322) and a broad anxiety phenotype (12q24.32-q24.33, LOD=2.918). Significant positive genetic correlations were observed between anxiety and each of the addiction subtypes (ρg=0.550-0.655) and further investigation with bivariate linkage analyses identified significant pleiotropic signals for alcohol dependence-anxiety (9q33.1-q33.2, LOD=3.054) and drug dependence-anxiety (18p11.23-p11.22, LOD=3.425). CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the shared genetic underpinnings of addiction and anxiety and identifies genomic loci involved in the etiology of these comorbid disorders. The linkage signal for anxiety on 12q24 spans the location of TMEM132D, an emerging gene of interest from previous GWAS of anxiety traits, whilst the bivariate linkage signal identified for anxiety-alcohol on 9q33 peak coincides with a region where rare CNVs have been associated with psychiatric disorders. Other signals identified implicate novel regions of the genome in addiction genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hodgson
- Department of psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - L Almasy
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - E E M Knowles
- Department of psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J W Kent
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - J E Curran
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - T D Dyer
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - H H H Göring
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - R L Olvera
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - P T Fox
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA; South Texas Veterans Health System, 7400, Merton Minter, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - G D Pearlson
- Department of psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J H Krystal
- Department of psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Clinical Neuroscience Division, VA National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA; Psychiatry Services, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - R Duggirala
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - J Blangero
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - D C Glahn
- Department of psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA
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49
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Candidate genes in panic disorder: meta-analyses of 23 common variants in major anxiogenic pathways. Mol Psychiatry 2016; 21:665-79. [PMID: 26390831 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2015.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The utilization of molecular genetics approaches in examination of panic disorder (PD) has implicated several variants as potential susceptibility factors for panicogenesis. However, the identification of robust PD susceptibility genes has been complicated by phenotypic diversity, underpowered association studies and ancestry-specific effects. In the present study, we performed a succinct review of case-control association studies published prior to April 2015. Meta-analyses were performed for candidate gene variants examined in at least three studies using the Cochrane Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect model. Secondary analyses were also performed to assess the influences of sex, agoraphobia co-morbidity and ancestry-specific effects on panicogenesis. Meta-analyses were performed on 23 variants in 20 PD candidate genes. Significant associations after correction for multiple testing were observed for three variants, TMEM132D rs7370927 (T allele: odds ratio (OR)=1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15-1.40, P=2.49 × 10(-6)), rs11060369 (CC genotype: OR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.53-0.79, P=1.81 × 10(-5)) and COMT rs4680 (Val (G) allele: OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.14-1.42, P=2.49 × 10(-5)) in studies with samples of European ancestry. Nominal associations that did not survive correction for multiple testing were observed for NPSR1 rs324891 (T allele: OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.07-1.38, P=0.002), TPH1 rs1800532 (AA genotype: OR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.14-1.89, P=0.003) and HTR2A rs6313 (T allele: OR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.07-1.33, P=0.002) in studies with samples of European ancestry and for MAOA-uVNTR in female PD (low-active alleles: OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.07-1.38, P=0.004). No significant associations were observed in the secondary analyses considering sex, agoraphobia co-morbidity and studies with samples of Asian ancestry. Although these findings highlight a few associations, PD likely involves genetic variation in a multitude of biological pathways that is diverse among populations. Future studies must incorporate larger sample sizes and genome-wide approaches to further quantify the observed genetic variation among populations and subphenotypes of PD.
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50
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Shimada-Sugimoto M, Otowa T, Miyagawa T, Khor SS, Omae Y, Toyo-Oka L, Sugaya N, Kawamura Y, Umekage T, Miyashita A, Kuwano R, Kaiya H, Kasai K, Tanii H, Okazaki Y, Tokunaga K, Sasaki T. Polymorphisms in the TMEM132D region are associated with panic disorder in HLA-DRB1*13:02-negative individuals of a Japanese population. Hum Genome Var 2016; 3:16001. [PMID: 27081567 PMCID: PMC4766370 DOI: 10.1038/hgv.2016.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein report an association between TMEM132D and panic disorder (PD) in a Japanese population, evaluating the effects of HLA-DRB1*13:02, which we previously reported as a susceptibility genetic factor for PD. SNPs in TMEM132D showed significant associations with PD in subjects without HLA-DRB1*13:02 (rs4759997; P=5.02×10−6, odds ratio=1.50) but not in those with the HLA allele. TMEM132D might have a role in the development of PD in subjects without HLA-DRB1*13:02.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihoko Shimada-Sugimoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Otowa
- Graduate School of Clinical Psychology, Teikyo Heisei University Major of Professional Clinical Psychology , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Miyagawa
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seik-Soon Khor
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Omae
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Licht Toyo-Oka
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nagisa Sugaya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University , Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Kawamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital , Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Umekage
- Division for Environment, Health and Safety, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinori Miyashita
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Center for Bioresources, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University , Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryozo Kuwano
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Center for Bioresources, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University , Niigata, Japan
| | - Hisanobu Kaiya
- Panic Disorder Research Center, Warakukai Med. Corp. , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Tanii
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medical Life Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University , Mie, Japan
| | - Yuji Okazaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sasaki
- Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
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