1
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Zhou MJ, Miao Y, Gu Y, Xie Y. Recent Advances in Reversible Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier Systems: From Hydrogen Carriers to Catalysts. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2311355. [PMID: 38374727 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) have gained significant attention for large-scale hydrogen storage due to their remarkable gravimetric hydrogen storage capacity (HSC) and compatibility with existing oil and gas transportation networks for long-distance transport. However, the practical application of reversible LOHC systems has been constrained by the intrinsic thermodynamic properties of hydrogen carriers and the performances of associated catalysts in the (de)hydrogenation cycles. To overcome these challenges, thermodynamically favored carriers, high-performance catalysts, and catalytic procedures need to be developed. Here, significant advances in recent years have been summarized, primarily centered on regular LOHC systems catalyzed by homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, including dehydrogenative aromatization of cycloalkanes to arenes and N-heterocyclics to N-heteroarenes, as well as reverse hydrogenation processes. Furthermore, with the development of metal complexes for dehydrogenative coupling, a new family of reversible LOHC systems based on alcohols is described that can release H2 under relatively mild conditions. Finally, views on the next steps and challenges in the field of LOHC technology are provided, emphasizing new resources for low-cost hydrogen carriers, high-performance catalysts, catalytic technologies, and application scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Miao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yanwei Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yinjun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers Technology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
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2
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Yuan X, Wu X, Xiong J, Yan B, Gao R, Liu S, Zong M, Ge J, Lou W. Hydrolase mimic via second coordination sphere engineering in metal-organic frameworks for environmental remediation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5974. [PMID: 37749093 PMCID: PMC10520056 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymes achieve high catalytic activity with their elaborate arrangements of amino acid residues in confined optimized spaces. Nevertheless, when exposed to complicated environmental implementation scenarios, including high acidity, organic solvent and high ionic strength, enzymes exhibit low operational stability and poor activity. Here, we report a metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based artificial enzyme system via second coordination sphere engineering to achieve high hydrolytic activity under mild conditions. Experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that amide cleavage catalyzed by MOFs follows two distinct catalytic mechanisms, Lewis acid- and hydrogen bonding-mediated hydrolytic processes. The hydrogen bond formed in the secondary coordination sphere exhibits 11-fold higher hydrolytic activity than the Lewis acidic zinc ions. The MOFs exhibit satisfactory degradation performance of toxins and high stability under extreme working conditions, including complicated fermentation broth and high ethanol environments, and display broad substrate specificity. These findings hold great promise for designing artificial enzymes for environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jun Xiong
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Binhang Yan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Ruichen Gao
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuli Liu
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Minhua Zong
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenyong Lou
- Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Sancho I, Navarro M, Montilla M, Salvador P, Santamaría C, Luis JM, Hernán-Gómez A. Ti(III) Catalysts for CO 2/Epoxide Copolymerization at Unusual Ambient Pressure Conditions. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:14873-14887. [PMID: 37651747 PMCID: PMC10521022 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Titanium compounds in low oxidation states are highly reducing species and hence powerful tools for the functionalization of small molecules. However, their potential has not yet been fully realized because harnessing these highly reactive complexes for productive reactivity is generally challenging. Advancing this field, herein we provide a detailed route for the formation of titanium(III) orthophenylendiamido (PDA) species using [LiBHEt3] as a reducing agent. Initially, the corresponding lithium PDA compounds [Li2(ArPDA)(thf)3] (Ar = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl (MesPDA), 2,6-diisopropylphenyl (iPrPDA)) are combined with [TiCl4(thf)2] to form the heterobimetallic complexes [{TiCl(ArPDA)}(μ-ArPDA){Li(thf)n}] (n = 1, Ar = iPr 3 and n = 2, Ar = Mes 4). Compound 4 evolves to species [Ti(MesPDA)2] (6) via thermal treatment. In contrast, the transformation of 3 into [Ti(iPrPDA)2] (5) only occurs in the presence of [LiNMe2], through a lithium-assisted process, as revealed by density functional theory (DFT). Finally, the Ti(IV) compounds 3-6 react with [LiBHEt3] to give rise to the Ti(III) species [Li(thf)4][Ti(ArPDA)2] (Ar = iPr 8, Mes 9). These low-valent compounds in combination with [PPN]Cl (PPN = bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium) are proved to be highly selective catalysts for the copolymerization of CO2 and cyclohexene epoxide. Reactions occur at 1 bar pressure with activity/selectivity levels similar to Salen-Cr(III) compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Sancho
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica,
Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés
M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad
de Alcalá, Campus
Universitario, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Navarro
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica,
Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés
M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad
de Alcalá, Campus
Universitario, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marc Montilla
- Institute
of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pedro Salvador
- Institute
of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina Santamaría
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica,
Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés
M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad
de Alcalá, Campus
Universitario, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M. Luis
- Institute
of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alberto Hernán-Gómez
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica,
Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés
M. del Río” (IQAR), Universidad
de Alcalá, Campus
Universitario, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Zhou N, Liu W, Jan F, Han Z, Li B. Efficient Screening of Metal Promoters of Pt Catalysts for C-H Bond Activation in Propane Dehydrogenation from a Combined First-Principles Calculations and Machine-Learning Study. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:23982-23990. [PMID: 37426229 PMCID: PMC10324074 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Platinum-based materials are the most widely used catalysts in propane direct dehydrogenation, which could achieve a balanced activity between both propane conversion and propene formation. One of the core issues of Pt catalysts is how to efficiently activate the strong C-H bond. It has been suggested that adding second metal promoters could greatly solve this problem. In the current work, first-principles calculations combined with machine learning are performed in order to obtain the most promising metal promoters and identify key descriptors for control performance. The combination of three different modes of adding metal promoters and two ratios between promoters and platinum sufficiently describes the system under investigation. The activity of propane activation and the formation of propene are reflected by the increase or decrease of the adsorption energy and C-H bond activation of propane and propene after the addition of promoters. The data of adsorption energy and kinetic barriers from first-principles calculations are streamed into five machine-learning methods including gradient boosting regressor (GBR), K neighbors regressor (KNR), random forest regressor (RFR), and AdaBoost regressor (ABR) together with the sure independence screening and sparsifying operator (SISSO). The metrics (RMSE and R2) from different methods indicated that GBR and SISSO have the most optimal performance. Furthermore, it is found that some descriptors derived from the intrinsic properties of metal promoters can determine their properties. In the end, Pt3Mo is identified as the most active catalyst. The present work not only provides a solid foundation for optimizing Pt catalysts but also provides a clear roadmap to screen metal alloy catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuodan Zhou
- Shenyang
National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People’s
Republic of China
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Liu
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Faheem Jan
- Shenyang
National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People’s
Republic of China
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology of China, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - ZhongKang Han
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bo Li
- Institute
of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
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5
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Stadler B, Meng HHY, Belazregue S, Webster L, Collauto A, Byrne KM, Krämer T, Chadwick FM. PCP Pincer Complexes of Titanium in the +3 and +4 Oxidation States. Organometallics 2023; 42:1278-1285. [PMID: 37388272 PMCID: PMC10302872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Ti(IV) and Ti(III) complexes using the tBuPCP ligand have been synthesized (tBuPCP = C6H3-2,6-(CH2PtBu2)2). The [tBuPCP]Li synthon can be reacted with TiCl4(THF)2 to form (tBuPCP)TiCl3 (1) in limited yields due to significant reduction of the titanium synthon. The Ti(III) complex (tBuPCP)TiCl2 (2) has been further characterized. This can have half an equivalent of halide abstracted to form [{(tBuPCP)TiCl}2{μ-Cl}][B(C6F5)4] (3) and can also be methylated, forming (tBuPCP)TiMe2 (4). All the Ti(III) complexes have been characterized using EPR and X-ray crystallography, giving insight into their electronic structures, which are further supported by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedek Stadler
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary H. Y. Meng
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Belazregue
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Leah Webster
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Collauto
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Keelan M. Byrne
- Department
of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare W23 F2H6, Ireland
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department
of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare W23 F2H6, Ireland
| | - F. Mark Chadwick
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12
0BZ, United Kingdom
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6
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Rehbein SM, Kania MJ, Neufeldt SR. C (sp3)–H Oxidative Addition at Tantalocene Hydrides. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven M. Rehbein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Matthew J. Kania
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Sharon R. Neufeldt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
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7
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Wan H, Gong N, Liu L. Solid catalysts for the dehydrogenation of long-chain alkanes: lessons from the dehydrogenation of light alkanes and homogeneous molecular catalysis. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1415-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Zatsepin P, Kim JH, Gau MR, Carroll PJ, Pudasaini B, Baik MH, Mindiola DJ. Ditelluride, Terminal Tellurido, and Bis(tellurido) Motifs of Titanium. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13066-13070. [PMID: 35833652 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Highly modular and rational syntheses of titanium compounds containing ditelluride, terminal telluride, and bis(telluride) structural motifs are disclosed in this study. Titanate anions bearing two cis and terminal telluride functionalities bound to the same metal center represent a unique example of a group 4 transition metal bis(chalcogenide) ion and are accessed in a simple, single-step procedure from Ti(III) bis(alkyl) complexes in the presence of an outer-sphere reductant and at least 3 equiv of Te0 powder. These compounds have been characterized crystallographically and spectroscopically with some preliminary reactivity reported for the anionic Ti(═Te)2 motif. We also report solution 125Te NMR spectral data in addition to theoretical studies addressing the bonding and structure for these titanate bis(tellurido) systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Zatsepin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jun-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael R Gau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patrick J Carroll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Bimal Pudasaini
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel J Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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9
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Watson I, Zhou Y, Ferguson M, Rivard E. Group 4 Transition Metal Complexes with Anionic N‐Heterocyclic Olefin Ligands. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eric Rivard
- University of Alberta Deptm. of Chemistry 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. T6G 2G2 Edmonton CANADA
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10
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Chen L, Verma P, Hou K, Qi Z, Zhang S, Liu YS, Guo J, Stavila V, Allendorf MD, Zheng L, Salmeron M, Prendergast D, Somorjai GA, Su J. Reversible dehydrogenation and rehydrogenation of cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane by single-site platinum catalyst. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1092. [PMID: 35232968 PMCID: PMC8888751 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28607-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing highly efficient and reversible hydrogenation-dehydrogenation catalysts shows great promise for hydrogen storage technologies with highly desirable economic and ecological benefits. Herein, we show that reaction sites consisting of single Pt atoms and neighboring oxygen vacancies (VO) can be prepared on CeO2 (Pt1/CeO2) with unique catalytic properties for the reversible dehydrogenation and rehydrogenation of large molecules such as cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane. Specifically, we find that the dehydrogenation rate of cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane on such sites can reach values above 32,000 molH2 molPt-1 h-1, which is 309 times higher than that of conventional supported Pt nanoparticles. Combining of DRIFTS, AP-XPS, EXAFS, and DFT calculations, we show that the Pt1/CeO2 catalyst exhibits a super-synergistic effect between the catalytic Pt atom and its support, involving redox coupling between Pt and Ce ions, enabling adsorption, activation and reaction of large molecules with sufficient versatility to drive abstraction/addition of hydrogen without requiring multiple reaction sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning Chen
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Pragya Verma
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Kaipeng Hou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Qi
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Shuchen Zhang
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yi-Sheng Liu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | | | | | - Lansun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Miquel Salmeron
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - David Prendergast
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Gabor A Somorjai
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Ji Su
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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11
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Gordon BM, Lease N, Emge TJ, Hasanayn F, Goldman AS. Reactivity of Iridium Complexes of a Triphosphorus-Pincer Ligand Based on a Secondary Phosphine. Catalytic Alkane Dehydrogenation and the Origin of Extremely High Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4133-4146. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Nicholas Lease
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Thomas J. Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Alan S. Goldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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12
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Webster L, Krämer T, Chadwick FM. Synthesis and reactivity of titanium ‘POCOP’ pincer complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:16714-16722. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03291k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Titanium ‘POCOP’ complexes have been made, and their ability to support further reactivity investigated, giving a rare isolable titanium chlorohydride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Webster
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - F. Mark Chadwick
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, W12 0BZ, UK
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13
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Zhou X, Malakar S, Dugan T, Wang K, Sattler A, Marler DO, Emge TJ, Krogh-Jespersen K, Goldman AS. Alkane Dehydrogenation Catalyzed by a Fluorinated Phebox Iridium Complex. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Santanu Malakar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Thomas Dugan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Kun Wang
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, New Jersey 08801, United States
| | - Aaron Sattler
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, New Jersey 08801, United States
| | - David O. Marler
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, New Jersey 08801, United States
| | - Thomas J. Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Karsten Krogh-Jespersen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Alan S. Goldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
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14
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Fortier S, Gomez-Torres A. Redox chemistry of discrete low-valent titanium complexes and low-valent titanium synthons. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10292-10316. [PMID: 34533140 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02772g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Titanium is a versatile metal that has important applications in practical synthesis, though this is typically limited to stoichiometric reactions or Lewis acid catalysis. Recently, interest has grown in using titanium and other early-metals for redox catalysis; however, notable limitations exist due to the thermodynamic preference of these metals to adopt high oxidation states. Nonetheless, discrete low-valent titanium (LVT) complexes and their synthons (titanium complexes which chemically behave as LVT sources) are known. Here, we detail the various ligand platforms that are capable of stabilizing LVT compounds and present the redox chemistry of these systems. This includes a discussion of recent developments in the use of LVT synthons for accessing fully reversible oxidative-addition/reductive-elimination reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skye Fortier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
| | - Alejandra Gomez-Torres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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15
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Qi MY, Conte M, Anpo M, Tang ZR, Xu YJ. Cooperative Coupling of Oxidative Organic Synthesis and Hydrogen Production over Semiconductor-Based Photocatalysts. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13051-13085. [PMID: 34378934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Merging hydrogen (H2) evolution with oxidative organic synthesis in a semiconductor-mediated photoredox reaction is extremely attractive because the clean H2 fuel and high-value chemicals can be coproduced under mild conditions using light as the sole energy input. Following this dual-functional photocatalytic strategy, a dreamlike reaction pathway for constructing C-C/C-X (X = C, N, O, S) bonds from abundant and readily available X-H bond-containing compounds with concomitant release of H2 can be readily fulfilled without the need of external chemical reagents, thus offering a green and fascinating organic synthetic strategy. In this review, we begin by presenting a concise overview on the general background of traditional photocatalytic H2 production and then focus on the fundamental principles of cooperative photoredox coupling of selective organic synthesis and H2 production by simultaneous utilization of photoexcited electrons and holes over semiconductor-based catalysts to meet the economic and sustainability goal. Thereafter, we put dedicated emphasis on recent key progress of cooperative photoredox coupling of H2 production and various selective organic transformations, including selective alcohol oxidation, selective methane conversion, amines oxidative coupling, oxidative cross-coupling, cyclic alkanes dehydrogenation, reforming of lignocellulosic biomass, and so on. Finally, the remaining challenges and future perspectives in this flourishing area have been critically discussed. It is anticipated that this review will provide enlightening guidance on the rational design of such dual-functional photoredox reaction system, thereby stimulating the development of economical and environmentally benign solar fuel generation and organic synthesis of value-added fine chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yu Qi
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Marco Conte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Masakazu Anpo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Zi-Rong Tang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Jun Xu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
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16
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Gharajedaghi S, Mohamadnia Z, Ahmadi E, Marefat M, Pareras G, Simon S, Poater A, Bahri-Laleh N. Experimental and DFT study on titanium-based half-sandwich metallocene catalysts and their application for production of 1-hexene from ethylene. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Khivantsev K, Vityuk A, Aleksandrov HA, Vayssilov GN, Alexeev OS, Amiridis MD. Catalytic conversion of ethene to butadiene or hydrogenation to ethane on HY zeolite-supported rhodium complexes: Cooperative support/Rh-center route. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:184706. [PMID: 34241012 DOI: 10.1063/5.0042322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Rh(C2H4)2 species grafted on the HY zeolite framework significantly enhance the activation of H2 that reacts with C2H4 ligands to form C2H6. While in this case, the simultaneous activation of C2H4 and H2 and the reaction between these species on zeolite-loaded Rh cations is a legitimate hydrogenation pathway yielding C2H6, the results obtained for Rh(CO)(C2H4)/HY materials exposed to H2 convincingly show that the support-assisted C2H4 hydrogenation pathway also exists. This additional and previously unrecognized hydrogenation pathway couples with the conversion of C2H4 ligands on Rh sites and contributes significantly to the overall hydrogenation activity. This pathway does not require simultaneous activation of reactants on the same metal center and, therefore, is mechanistically different from hydrogenation chemistry exhibited by molecular organometallic complexes. We also demonstrate that the conversion of zeolite-supported Rh(CO)2 complexes into Rh(CO)(C2H4) species under ambient conditions is not a simple CO/C2H4 ligand exchange reaction on Rh sites, as this process also involves the conversion of C2H4 into C4 hydrocarbons, among which 1,3-butadiene is the main product formed with the initial selectivity exceeding 98% and the turnover frequency of 8.9 × 10-3 s-1. Thus, the primary role of zeolite-supported Rh species is not limited to the activation of H2, as these species significantly accelerate the formation of the C4 hydrocarbons from C2H4 even without the presence of H2 in the feed. Using periodic density functional theory calculations, we examined several catalytic pathways that can lead to the conversion of C2H4 into 1,3-butadiene over these materials and identified the reaction route via intermediate formation of rhodacyclopentane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Khivantsev
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Artem Vityuk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Hristiyan A Aleksandrov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, Blvd. J. Bauchier 1, BG-1126 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi N Vayssilov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, Blvd. J. Bauchier 1, BG-1126 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Oleg S Alexeev
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Michael D Amiridis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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18
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Dehydrogenation of ethane and subsequent activation of CO2 on hierarchically-structured bimetallic FeM@ZSM-5 (M=Ce, Ga, and Sn). KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-020-0709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Abstract
In the past several decades, light alkane dehydrogenation to mono-olefins, especially propane dehydrogenation to propylene has gained widespread attention and much development in the field of research and commercial application. Under suitable conditions, the supported Pt-Sn and CrOx catalysts widely used in industry exhibit satisfactory dehydrogenation activity and selectivity. However, the high cost of Pt and the potential environmental problems of CrOx have driven researchers to improve the coking and sintering resistance of Pt catalysts, and to find new non-noble metal and environment-friendly catalysts. As for the development of the reactor, it should be noted that low operation pressure is beneficial for improving the single-pass conversion, decreasing the amount of unconverted alkane recycled back to the reactor, and reducing the energy consumption of the whole process. Therefore, the research direction of reactor improvement is towards reducing the pressure drop. This review is aimed at introducing the characteristics of the dehydrogenation reaction, the progress made in the development of catalysts and reactors, and a new understanding of reaction mechanism as well as its guiding role in the development of catalyst and reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China.
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20
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Chen S, Chang X, Sun G, Zhang T, Xu Y, Wang Y, Pei C, Gong J. Propane dehydrogenation: catalyst development, new chemistry, and emerging technologies. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:3315-3354. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00814a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This review describes recent advances in the propane dehydrogenation process in terms of emerging technologies, catalyst development and new chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Xin Chang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Guodong Sun
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Yiyi Xu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Chunlei Pei
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
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21
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Zhang Y, Wu B, Zhong M, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Cyclic Bis-alkylidene Complexes of Titanium and Zirconium: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reaction. Chemistry 2020; 26:16472-16479. [PMID: 32875626 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal alkylidenes have exhibited wide applications in organometallic chemistry and synthetic organic chemistry, however, cyclic Schrock-carbene-like bis-alkylidenes of group 4 metals with a four-electron donor from an alkylidene have not been reported. Herein, the synthesis and characterization of five-membered cyclic bis-alkylidenes of titanium (4 a,b) and zirconium (5 a,b) are reported, as the first well-defined group 4 metallacyclopentatrienes, by two-electron reduction of their corresponding titana- and zirconacyclopentadienes. DFT analyses of 4 a show a four-electron donor (σ-donation and π-donation) from an alkylidene carbon to the metal center. The reaction of 4 a with N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) leads to the [2+2]-cycloaddition product 6. Compound 4 a reacted with CO, affording the oxycyclopentadienyl titanium complex 7. These reactivities demonstrate the multiple metal-carbon bond character. The reactions of 4 a or 5 a with cyclooctatetraene (COT) or azobenzene afforded sandwich titanium complex 8 or diphenylhydrazine-coordinated zirconacyclopentadiene 9, respectively, which exhibit two-electron reductive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Botao Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Mingdong Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
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22
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Chen S, Liu L, Gao X, Hua Y, Peng L, Zhang Y, Yang L, Tan Y, He F, Xia H. Addition of alkynes and osmium carbynes towards functionalized d π-p π conjugated systems. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4651. [PMID: 32938934 PMCID: PMC7495419 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18498-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The metal-carbon triple bonds and carbon-carbon triple bonds are both highly unsaturated bonds. As a result, their reactions tend to afford cycloaddition intermediates or products. Herein, we report a reaction of M≡C and C≡C bonds that affords acyclic addition products. These newly discovered reactions are highly efficient, regio- and stereospecific, with good functional group tolerance, and are robust under air at room temperature. The isotope labeling NMR experiments and theoretical calculations reveal the reaction mechanism. Employing these reactions, functionalized dπ-pπ conjugated systems can be easily constructed and modified. The resulting dπ-pπ conjugated systems were found to be good electron transport layer materials in organic solar cells, with power conversion efficiency up to 16.28% based on the PM6: Y6 non-fullerene system. This work provides a facile, efficient methodology for the preparation of dπ-pπ conjugated systems for use in functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Longzhu Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuhui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Lixia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Liulin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuanzhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Feng He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Haiping Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China.
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
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23
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Izawa I, Nomura K. (Arylimido)niobium(V)–Alkylidenes, Nb(CHSiMe 3)(NAr)[OC(CF 3) 3](PMe 3) 2, That Enable to Proceed Living Metathesis Polymerization of Internal Alkynes. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Itsuki Izawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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24
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Gan L, Jia X, Fang H, Liu G, Huang Z. Dehydrogenation of Primary Alkyl Azides to Nitriles Catalyzed by Pincer Iridium/Ruthenium Complexes. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Gan
- Department State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Institution Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Xiangqing Jia
- Department State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Institution Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Huaquan Fang
- Department State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Institution Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Guixia Liu
- Department State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Institution Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Department State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Institution Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
- Chang-Kung Chuang InstituteEast China Normal University 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd. Shanghai 200062 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences Hangzhou Institute of Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan Hangzhou 310024 P. R. China
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25
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Zhang X, Wu SB, Leng X, Chung LW, Liu G, Huang Z. N-Bridged Pincer Iridium Complexes for Highly Efficient Alkane Dehydrogenation and the Relevant Linker Effects. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Song-Bai Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xuebing Leng
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lung Wa Chung
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
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26
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Budweg S, Junge K, Beller M. Catalytic oxidations by dehydrogenation of alkanes, alcohols and amines with defined (non)-noble metal pincer complexes. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00699h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present review highlights the latest developments in the field of transition metal-catalysed oxidations, in particular C–C–, C–O– and C–N-bond dehydrogenations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Budweg
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V
- Rostock 18059
- Germany
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V
- Rostock 18059
- Germany
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27
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Wang S, Li S, Dixon DA. Mechanism of selective and complete oxidation in La2O3-catalyzed oxidative coupling of methane. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00141d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic mechanism and reaction network of oxidative coupling of methane over La2O3 are thoroughly investigated by density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Shenggang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - David A. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Alabama
- Tuscaloosa
- USA
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28
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Manßen M, Schafer LL. Titanium catalysis for the synthesis of fine chemicals – development and trends. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:6947-6994. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00229a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Atlas as a Titan(ium) is holding the earth-abundant chemistry world. Titanium is the second most abundant transition metal, is a key player in important industrial processes (e.g. polyethylene) and shows much promise for diverse applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Manßen
- The Department of Chemistry
- The University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Laurel L. Schafer
- The Department of Chemistry
- The University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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29
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Chen S, Zeng L, Mu R, Xiong C, Zhao ZJ, Zhao C, Pei C, Peng L, Luo J, Fan LS, Gong J. Modulating Lattice Oxygen in Dual-Functional Mo-V-O Mixed Oxides for Chemical Looping Oxidative Dehydrogenation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18653-18657. [PMID: 31703164 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen chemistry plays a pivotal role in numerous chemical reactions. In particular, selective cleavage of C-H bonds by metal oxo species is highly desirable in dehydrogenation of light alkanes. However, high selectivity of alkene is usually hampered through consecutive oxygenation reactions in a conventional oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) scheme. Herein, we show that dual-functional Mo-V-O mixed oxides selectively convert propane to propylene via an alternative chemical looping oxidative dehydrogenation (CL-ODH) approach. At 500 °C, we obtain 89% propylene selectivity at 36% propane conversion over 100 dehydrogenation-regeneration cycles. We attribute such high propylene yield-which exceeds that of previously reported ODH catalysts-to the involvement and precise modulation of bulk lattice oxygen via atomic-scale doping of Mo and show that increasing the binding energy of V-O bonds is critical to enhance the selectivity of propylene. This work provides the fundamental understanding of metal-oxygen chemistry and a promising strategy for alkane dehydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Liang Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Rentao Mu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Chuanye Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Zhi-Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Chengjie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Chunlei Pei
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Luming Peng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , China
| | - Jun Luo
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon Technologies, School of Materials , Tianjin University of Technology , Tianjin 300384 , China
| | - Liang-Shih Fan
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China
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30
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McKay AI, Bukvic AJ, Tegner BE, Burnage AL, Martı Nez-Martı Nez AJ, Rees NH, Macgregor SA, Weller AS. Room Temperature Acceptorless Alkane Dehydrogenation from Molecular σ-Alkane Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:11700-11712. [PMID: 31246012 PMCID: PMC7007236 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The non-oxidative catalytic dehydrogenation of light alkanes via C-H activation is a highly endothermic process that generally requires high temperatures and/or a sacrificial hydrogen acceptor to overcome unfavorable thermodynamics. This is complicated by alkanes being such poor ligands, meaning that binding at metal centers prior to C-H activation is disfavored. We demonstrate that by biasing the pre-equilibrium of alkane binding, by using solid-state molecular organometallic chemistry (SMOM-chem), well-defined isobutane and cyclohexane σ-complexes, [Rh(Cy2PCH2CH2PCy2)(η:η-(H3C)CH(CH3)2][BArF4] and [Rh(Cy2PCH2CH2PCy2)(η:η-C6H12)][BArF4] can be prepared by simple hydrogenation in a solid/gas single-crystal to single-crystal transformation of precursor alkene complexes. Solid-gas H/D exchange with D2 occurs at all C-H bonds in both alkane complexes, pointing to a variety of low energy fluxional processes that occur for the bound alkane ligands in the solid-state. These are probed by variable temperature solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance experiments and periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations. These alkane σ-complexes undergo spontaneous acceptorless dehydrogenation at 298 K to reform the corresponding isobutene and cyclohexadiene complexes, by simple application of vacuum or Ar-flow to remove H2. These processes can be followed temporally, and modeled using classical chemical, or Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kologoromov, kinetics. When per-deuteration is coupled with dehydrogenation of cyclohexane to cyclohexadiene, this allows for two successive KIEs to be determined [kH/kD = 3.6(5) and 10.8(6)], showing that the rate-determining steps involve C-H activation. Periodic DFT calculations predict overall barriers of 20.6 and 24.4 kcal/mol for the two dehydrogenation steps, in good agreement with the values determined experimentally. The calculations also identify significant C-H bond elongation in both rate-limiting transition states and suggest that the large kH/kD for the second dehydrogenation results from a pre-equilibrium involving C-H oxidative cleavage and a subsequent rate-limiting β-H transfer step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alasdair I McKay
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J Bukvic
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom
| | - Bengt E Tegner
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot Watt University , Edinburgh EH14 4AS , United Kingdom
| | - Arron L Burnage
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot Watt University , Edinburgh EH14 4AS , United Kingdom
| | | | - Nicholas H Rees
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom
| | - Stuart A Macgregor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot Watt University , Edinburgh EH14 4AS , United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S Weller
- Chemistry Research Laboratories, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3TA , United Kingdom
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31
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Osseili H, Truong K, Spaniol TP, Maron L, Englert U, Okuda J. Alkalimetallamid‐stabilisierte Titancarben‐Komplexe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Osseili
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Khai‐Nghi Truong
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Thomas P. Spaniol
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Laurent Maron
- CNRSINSAUPS, UMR 5215LPCNOUniversité de Toulouse 135 avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse Frankreich
| | - Ulli Englert
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieRWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Deutschland
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32
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Osseili H, Truong KN, Spaniol TP, Maron L, Englert U, Okuda J. Titanium Carbene Complexes Stabilized by Alkali Metal Amides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1833-1837. [PMID: 30548105 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Facile α-H elimination from tetrakis(trimethylsilylmethyl)titanium precursors to give adducts of (alkylidene)bis(alkyl)titanium complexes is induced by light alkali metal amides of the NNNN-type macrocyclic anionic ligand Me3 TACD [(Me3 TACD)H=1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane]. In the crystal, the alkali metal interacts with the carbene carbon atom or with the CH2 group of the trimethylsilymethyl ligand. The nucleophilic character of the carbene carbon atom was shown by the reaction with benzophenone and terminal acetylenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Osseili
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Khai-Nghi Truong
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas P Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Laurent Maron
- CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Ulli Englert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
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33
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Zatsepin P, Ahn S, Pudasaini B, Gau MR, Baik MH, Mindiola DJ. Conversion of methane to ethylene using an Ir complex and phosphorus ylide as a methylene transfer reagent. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:1927-1930. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc08761j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cp*(Me3P)Ir(CH3)(OTf), a complex known to reversibly activate CH4 and other hydrocarbons under mild conditions, reacts with the phosphorus ylide H2CPPh3 in THF to afford two major species [Cp*(Me3P)(Ph3P)Ir(CH2CH3)][OTf] and [Cp*(Me3P)Ir(H)(η2-CH2CH2)][OTf].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seihwan Ahn
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
| | - Bimal Pudasaini
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
| | | | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon 34141
- Republic of Korea
- Institute for Basic Science (IBS)
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34
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Beaumier EP, Pearce AJ, See XY, Tonks IA. Modern applications of low-valent early transition metals in synthesis and catalysis. Nat Rev Chem 2019; 3:15-34. [PMID: 30989127 PMCID: PMC6462221 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-018-0059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Low-valent early transition metals are often intrinsically highly reactive as a result of their strong propensity toward oxidation to more stable high-valent states. Harnessing these highly reducing complexes for productive reactivity is potentially powerful for C-C bond construction, organic reductions, small-molecule activation and many other reactions that offer orthogonal chemoselectivity and/or regioselectivity patterns to processes promoted by late transition metals. Recent years have seen many exciting new applications of low-valent metals through building new catalytic and/or multicomponent reaction manifolds out of classical reactivity patterns. In this Review, we survey new methods that employ early transition metals and invoke low-valent precursors or intermediates in order to identify common themes and strategies in synthesis and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan P. Beaumier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Adam J. Pearce
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Xin Yi See
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ian A. Tonks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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35
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2017. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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36
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Gandeepan P, Müller T, Zell D, Cera G, Warratz S, Ackermann L. 3d Transition Metals for C-H Activation. Chem Rev 2018; 119:2192-2452. [PMID: 30480438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1425] [Impact Index Per Article: 237.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
C-H activation has surfaced as an increasingly powerful tool for molecular sciences, with notable applications to material sciences, crop protection, drug discovery, and pharmaceutical industries, among others. Despite major advances, the vast majority of these C-H functionalizations required precious 4d or 5d transition metal catalysts. Given the cost-effective and sustainable nature of earth-abundant first row transition metals, the development of less toxic, inexpensive 3d metal catalysts for C-H activation has gained considerable recent momentum as a significantly more environmentally-benign and economically-attractive alternative. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview on first row transition metal catalysts for C-H activation until summer 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parthasarathy Gandeepan
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Daniel Zell
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Gianpiero Cera
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Svenja Warratz
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie , Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , Tammannstraße 2 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
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37
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Bennett MA, Bhargava SK, Mirzadeh N, Privér SH. The use of [2-C 6 R 4 PPh 2 ] − (R = H, F) and related carbanions as building blocks in coordination chemistry. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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38
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Heins SP, Morris WD, Cundari TR, MacMillan SN, Lobkovsky EB, Livezey NM, Wolczanski PT. Complexes of [(dadi)Ti(L/X)]m That Reveal Redox Non-Innocence and a Stepwise Carbene Insertion into a Carbon–Carbon Bond. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Spencer P. Heins
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Wesley D. Morris
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Thomas R. Cundari
- Department of Chemistry, CASCaM, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76201, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Emil B. Lobkovsky
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Nicholas M. Livezey
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Peter T. Wolczanski
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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39
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Chaimongkolkunasin S, Nomura K. (Arylimido)Vanadium(V)-Alkylidenes Containing Chlorinated Phenoxy Ligands: Thermally Robust, Highly Active Catalyst in Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Cyclic Olefins. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sapanna Chaimongkolkunasin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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40
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Guo J, Lu Y, Zhao R, Liu Z, Menberu W, Wang ZX. Strong Preference of the Redox-Neutral Mechanism over the Redox Mechanism for the Ti IV Catalysis Involved in the Carboamination of Alkyne with Alkene and Diazene. Chemistry 2018; 24:7010-7025. [PMID: 29709085 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Titanium catalysis generally prefers redox-neutral mechanisms. Yet it has been reported that titanium could promote bond formations in a way similar to reductive elimination. Accordingly, redox catalytic cycles involving TiIV /TiII cycling have been considered. By studying, as an example, the carboamination of alkynes with alkenes and azobenzene catalyzed by the [TiIV ]=NPh imido complex, we performed DFT computations to gain an understanding of how the "abnormal" catalysis takes place, thereby allowing us to clarify whether the catalysis really follows TiIV /TiII redox mechanisms. The reaction first forms an azatitanacyclohexene by alkyne addition to the [TiIV ]=NPh bond, followed by alkene insertion. The azatitanacyclohexene can either undergo Cα -Cγ coupling, to afford bicyclo[3.1.0]imine, or β-H elimination, to yield a [TiIV ]-H hydride, which then undergoes Cα =Cβ or Cγ =Cδ insertion to give an α,β- or β,γ-unsaturated imine, respectively. Both the geometric and electronic structures indicate that the catalytic cycles proceed through redox-neutral mechanisms. The alternative redox mechanisms (e.g., by N-H or C-H reductive elimination) are substantially less favorable. We concluded that electronically, the TiIV catalysis intrinsically favors the redox-neutral mechanism, because a redox pathway would involve TiII structures either in the triplet ground state or in the high-lying open-shell singlet state, but the involvement of triplet TiII structures is spin-forbidden and that of singlet TiII structures is energetically disadvantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Guo
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Lu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruihua Zhao
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zheyuan Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wasihun Menberu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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41
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Lu E, Boronski JT, Gregson M, Wooles AJ, Liddle ST. Silyl-Phosphino-Carbene Complexes of Uranium(IV). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5506-5511. [PMID: 29534326 PMCID: PMC6001699 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201802080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Unprecedented silyl-phosphino-carbene complexes of uranium(IV) are presented, where before all covalent actinide-carbon double bonds were stabilised by phosphorus(V) substituents or restricted to matrix isolation experiments. Conversion of [U(BIPMTMS )(Cl)(μ-Cl)2 Li(THF)2 ] (1, BIPMTMS =C(PPh2 NSiMe3 )2 ) into [U(BIPMTMS )(Cl){CH(Ph)(SiMe3 )}] (2), and addition of [Li{CH(SiMe3 )(PPh2 )}(THF)]/Me2 NCH2 CH2 NMe2 (TMEDA) gave [U{C(SiMe3 )(PPh2 )}(BIPMTMS )(μ-Cl)Li(TMEDA)(μ-TMEDA)0.5 ]2 (3) by α-hydrogen abstraction. Addition of 2,2,2-cryptand or two equivalents of 4-N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) to 3 gave [U{C(SiMe3 )(PPh2 )}(BIPMTMS )(Cl)][Li(2,2,2-cryptand)] (4) or [U{C(SiMe3 )(PPh2 )}(BIPMTMS )(DMAP)2 ] (5). The characterisation data for 3-5 suggest that whilst there is evidence for 3-centre P-C-U π-bonding character, the U=C double bond component is dominant in each case. These U=C bonds are the closest to a true uranium alkylidene yet outside of matrix isolation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erli Lu
- School of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Josef T. Boronski
- School of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Matthew Gregson
- School of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- School of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- School of ChemistryThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK
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42
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Lu E, Boronski JT, Gregson M, Wooles AJ, Liddle ST. Silyl-Phosphino-Carbene Complexes of Uranium(IV). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201802080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erli Lu
- School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Josef T. Boronski
- School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Matthew Gregson
- School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- School of Chemistry; The University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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43
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Tang X, Jia X, Huang Z. Thermal, Catalytic Conversion of Alkanes to Linear Aldehydes and Linear Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4157-4163. [PMID: 29498516 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alkanes, the main constituents of petroleum, are attractive feedstocks for producing value-added chemicals. Linear aldehydes and amines are two of the most important building blocks in the chemical industry. To date, there have been no effective methods for directly converting n-alkanes to linear aldehydes and linear amines. Here, we report a molecular dual-catalyst system for production of linear aldehydes via regioselective carbonylation of n-alkanes. The system is comprised of a pincer iridium catalyst for transfer-dehydrogenation of the alkane using t-butylethylene or ethylene as a hydrogen acceptor working sequentially with a rhodium catalyst for olefin isomerization-hydroformylation with syngas. The system exhibits high regioselectivity for linear aldehydes and gives high catalytic turnover numbers when using ethylene as the acceptor. In addition, the direct conversion of light alkanes, n-pentane and n-hexane, to siloxy-terminated alkyl aldehydes through a sequence of Ir/Fe-catalyzed alkane silylation and Ir/Rh-catalyzed alkane carbonylation, is described. Finally, the Ir/Rh dual-catalyst strategy has been successfully applied to regioselective alkane aminomethylation to form linear alkyl amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Xiangqing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Zheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China
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44
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Kurogi T, Won J, Park B, Trofymchuk OS, Carroll PJ, Baik MH, Mindiola DJ. Room temperature olefination of methane with titanium-carbon multiple bonds. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3376-3385. [PMID: 29780468 PMCID: PMC5933228 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05238c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
C–H activation of methane followed by dehydrocoupling at room temperature led ultimately to the formation of the olefin H2C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>
CHtBu via the addition of redox-active ligands (L) such as thioxanthone or 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy) to (PNP)Ti
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>
CHtBu(CH3) (1).
C–H activation of methane followed by dehydrocoupling at room temperature led ultimately to the formation of the olefin H2C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>
CHtBu via the addition of redox-active ligands (L) such as thioxanthone or 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy) to (PNP)Ti
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
]]>
CHtBu(CH3) (1). Using both of these exogenous ligand systems, we could trap the titanium fragment via an insertion reaction with these two substrates to afford species of the type (PNP)Ti(L)(LH). A combination of computational and isotopic labeling studies reveals that the L ligand promotes the C–C bond forming step by migration of the methyl moiety in 1 to the α-alkylidene carbon by producing a Ti(iii) species (PNP)Ti{CH(CH3)tBu}(L). In the case of L = thioxanthone, β-hydrogen abstraction gives an olefin, whereas with 2,2′-bipyridine β-hydride elimination and migratory insertion lead to (PNP)Ti(L)(LH). These redox-active ligands play two important roles: (i) they accept an electron from the Ti-alkylidene fragment to allow the methyl to approach the alkylidene and (ii) they serve as traps of a hydrogen atom resulting from olefin elimination. These systems represent the first homogeneous models that can activate methane and selectively dehydrocouple it with a carbene to produce an olefin at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kurogi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA .
| | - Joonghee Won
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea . .,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyun Park
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea . .,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | | | - Patrick J Carroll
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA .
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea . .,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations , Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel J Mindiola
- Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA 19104 , USA .
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Hayashibara H, Hou X, Nomura K. Facile in situ generation of highly active (arylimido)vanadium(v)–alkylidene catalysts for the ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of cyclic olefins by immediate phenoxy ligand exchange. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:13559-13562. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc07974a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Remarkably active vanadium(v)–alkylidene catalysts for the ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclic olefins can be generated in situ upon addition of C6F5OH or C6Cl5OH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University
- Hachioji
- Japan
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46
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Tang X, Jia X, Huang Z. Challenges and opportunities for alkane functionalisation using molecular catalysts. Chem Sci 2017; 9:288-299. [PMID: 29629098 PMCID: PMC5870200 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03610h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The conversion of vast low-value saturated hydrocarbons into valuable chemicals is of great interest.
The conversion of vast low-value saturated hydrocarbons into valuable chemicals is of great interest. Thanks to the progression of organometallic and coordination chemistry, transition metal catalysed C sp3–H bond functionalisation has now become a powerful tool for alkane transformations. Specifically, methods for alkane functionalisation include radical initiated C–H functionalisation, carbene/nitrene insertion, and transition metal catalysed C–H bond activation. This perspective provides a systematic and concise overview of each protocol, highlighting the factors that govern regioselectivity in these reactions. The challenges of the existing catalytic tactics and future directions for catalyst development in this field will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China .
| | - Xiangqing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China .
| | - Zheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , China .
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47
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Schilter D. Alkane dehydrogenation: Alkanes ylide-vised to go near titanium. Nat Rev Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-017-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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