1
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Takaku T, Tonooka Y, Takahashi Y, Kitamoto S. Enhanced sensitivity of chimeric insect olfactory co-receptors for detecting odorant molecules. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 726:150273. [PMID: 38914041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Insect olfactory receptors (ORs) are seven-transmembrane domain ion channels that function by forming heteromeric complexes with olfactory receptor co-receptors (Orcos). In this study, we investigated the potential for enhancing sensitivity of odor detection and responsivity through genetic modification of Orcos, considering its wider application in odor sensing. First, we measured the intensity of response to 1-octen-3-ol for the mosquito Aedes aegypti OR (AaOR8) when complexed individually with an Orco from the same mosquito (AaOrco), the honeybee Apis mellifera (AmOrco), the silkworm Bombyx mori (BmOrco), or the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster (DmOrco). Relative to the other Orcos, AmOrco demonstrated higher sensitivity and responsivity, with a 1.8 to 21-fold decrease in the half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) and a 1.6-8.8-fold increase in the maximal effect (Emax), respectively. Furthermore, AmOrco co-expressed with AaOR10, BmOR56, or DmOR47a showed higher sensitivity and responsivity than AaOrco, BmOrco, or DmOrco co-expressed with their respective ORs. To further increase sensitivity and responsivity, we engineered chimeric Orcos by fusing AmOrco with DmOrco, considering the domain characteristics of Orcos. The response to 1-octen-3-ol was evaluated for AaOR8 when complexed individually with AmOrco, as well as for a mutant that combines DmOrco from the N-terminal (NT) to the C-terminal region of the fourth transmembrane domain (TM4) with the region of AmOrco following TM4 (Dm[NT-TM4]AmOrco). When compared to AmOrco, Dm(NT-TM4)AmOrco showed higher sensitivity and responsivity, with a 1.4-fold decrease in the EC50 and a 1.4-fold increase in the Emax, respectively. In addition, Dm(NT-TM4)AmOrco co-expressed with either DmOR47a or BmOR56 demonstrated higher sensitivity and responsivity than AmOrco co-expressed with their respective ORs. These results suggest that AmOrco could be a relatively more sensitive Orco, and further enhancement of sensitivity and responsivity could be achieved through recombination with heterologous Orcos near the TM4 of AmOrco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Takaku
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1-98, 3-Chome, Kasugade-Naka, Konohana-Ku, Osaka, 554-8558, Japan.
| | - Yoshino Tonooka
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1-98, 3-Chome, Kasugade-Naka, Konohana-Ku, Osaka, 554-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Takahashi
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1-98, 3-Chome, Kasugade-Naka, Konohana-Ku, Osaka, 554-8558, Japan
| | - Sachiko Kitamoto
- Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1-98, 3-Chome, Kasugade-Naka, Konohana-Ku, Osaka, 554-8558, Japan
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2
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Li M, Lv S, Yang R, Chu X, Wang X, Wang Z, Peng L, Yang J. Development of lycopene-based whole-cell biosensors for the visual detection of trace explosives and heavy metals. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1283:341934. [PMID: 37977799 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Residual explosives in conflicting zones have caused irreversible damage to human safety and the environment. Whole-cell biosensors can to detect remnants of buried explosives, such as 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), a stable and highly volatile compound in explosives. However, all the reported whole-cell biosensors utilize fluorescence or luminescence as the biological markers, making their detection difficult in real minefields. Here, we presented a lycopene-based whole-cell biosensor in Escherichia coli to output visible signals in response to DNT, which can help in the visual detection of buried explosives. To construct the whole-cell biosensor, the DNT-responsive promoter yqjF was used as the sensing element, and the lycopene synthetic gene cassette crtEBI was served as the reporting element. Then, the metabolic flux for lycopene production was enhanced to improve the output signal of the whole-cell biosensor, and a terminator was utilized to reduce the background interference. The optimized biosensor LSZ05 could perceive at least 1 mg/L DNT. The DNT-specificity and robust performance of the biosensor under different environmental factors were confirmed. Our results showed that converting the biosensor into a lyophilized powder was an effective storage method. The biosensor LSZ05 could effectively detect DNT in two kinds of soil samples. The lycopene-based whole-cell biosensor could also be used to visually detect heavy metals. Our findings laid the foundation for visually detecting buried explosives in minefields, which was a valuable supplement to the reported biosensors. The methods used for optimizing the lycopene-based whole-cell biosensor, including the improvement of the output signal and reduction of background interference, were quite effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijie Li
- Energy-rich Compound Production By Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changchen Road, Qingdao, 266109, PR China.
| | - Shuzhe Lv
- Energy-rich Compound Production By Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changchen Road, Qingdao, 266109, PR China.
| | - Rumeng Yang
- Energy-rich Compound Production By Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changchen Road, Qingdao, 266109, PR China.
| | - Xiaohan Chu
- Energy-rich Compound Production By Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changchen Road, Qingdao, 266109, PR China.
| | - Xu Wang
- Energy-rich Compound Production By Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changchen Road, Qingdao, 266109, PR China.
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Energy-rich Compound Production By Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changchen Road, Qingdao, 266109, PR China.
| | - Limin Peng
- Shandong TV University, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
| | - Jianming Yang
- Energy-rich Compound Production By Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation Research Center, Shandong Key Lab of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changchen Road, Qingdao, 266109, PR China.
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3
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Mir TUG, Wani AK, Akhtar N, Katoch V, Shukla S, Kadam US, Hong JC. Advancing biological investigations using portable sensors for detection of sensitive samples. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22679. [PMID: 38089995 PMCID: PMC10711145 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Portable biosensors are emerged as powerful diagnostic tools for analyzing intricately complex biological samples. These biosensors offer sensitive detection capabilities by utilizing biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, microbes or microbial products, antibodies, and enzymes. Their speed, accuracy, stability, specificity, and low cost make them indispensable in forensic investigations and criminal cases. Notably, portable biosensors have been developed to rapidly detect toxins, poisons, body fluids, and explosives; they have proven invaluable in forensic examinations of suspected samples, generating efficient results that enable effective and fair trials. One of the key advantages of portable biosensors is their ability to provide sensitive and non-destructive detection of forensic samples without requiring extensive sample preparation, thereby reducing the possibility of false results. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the current advancements in portable biosensors for the detection of sensitive materials, highlighting their significance in advancing investigations and enhancing sensitive sample detection capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir ul Gani Mir
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- State Forensic Science Laboratory, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190001, India
| | - Atif Khurshid Wani
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Vaidehi Katoch
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Saurabh Shukla
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Ulhas Sopanrao Kadam
- Division of Life Science and Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, South Korea
| | - Jong Chan Hong
- Division of Life Science and Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, South Korea
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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4
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Deng H, Nakamoto T. Biosensors for Odor Detection: A Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:1000. [PMID: 38131760 PMCID: PMC10741685 DOI: 10.3390/bios13121000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Animals can easily detect hundreds of thousands of odors in the environment with high sensitivity and selectivity. With the progress of biological olfactory research, scientists have extracted multiple biomaterials and integrated them with different transducers thus generating numerous biosensors. Those biosensors inherit the sensing ability of living organisms and present excellent detection performance. In this paper, we mainly introduce odor biosensors based on substances from animal olfactory systems. Several instances of organ/tissue-based, cell-based, and protein-based biosensors are described and compared. Furthermore, we list some other biological materials such as peptide, nanovesicle, enzyme, and aptamer that are also utilized in odor biosensors. In addition, we illustrate the further developments of odor biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takamichi Nakamoto
- Laboratory for Future Interdisciplinary Research of Science and Technology, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori, Yokohama 226-8503, Kanagawa, Japan;
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5
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Misawa N, Tomida M, Murakami Y, Mitsuno H, Kanzaki R. Xenopus laevis Oocyte Array Fluidic Device Integrated with Microelectrodes for A Compact Two-Electrode Voltage Clamping System. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2370. [PMID: 36904573 PMCID: PMC10007382 DOI: 10.3390/s23052370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report on a compact two-electrode voltage clamping system composed of microfabricated electrodes and a fluidic device for Xenopus laevis oocytes. The device was fabricated by assembling Si-based electrode chips and acrylic frames to form fluidic channels. After the installation of Xenopus oocytes into the fluidic channels, the device can be separated in order to measure changes in oocyte plasma membrane potential in each channel using an external amplifier. Using fluid simulations and experiments, we investigated the success rates of Xenopus oocyte arrays and electrode insertion with respect to the flow rate. We successfully located each oocyte in the array and detected oocyte responses to chemical stimuli using our device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Misawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara 252-5201, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Tomida
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuji Murakami
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Shizuoka Institute of Science and Technology, 2200-2 Toyosawa, Fukuroi 437-8555, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hidefumi Mitsuno
- Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku 153-8904, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kanzaki
- Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku 153-8904, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Wahid E, Ocheja OB, Marsili E, Guaragnella C, Guaragnella N. Biological and technical challenges for implementation of yeast-based biosensors. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 16:54-66. [PMID: 36416008 PMCID: PMC9803330 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosensors are low-cost and low-maintenance alternatives to conventional analytical techniques for biomedical, industrial and environmental applications. Biosensors based on whole microorganisms can be genetically engineered to attain high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of selected analytes. While bacteria-based biosensors have been extensively reported, there is a recent interest in yeast-based biosensors, combining the microbial with the eukaryotic advantages, including possession of specific receptors, stability and high robustness. Here, we describe recently reported yeast-based biosensors highlighting their biological and technical features together with their status of development, that is, laboratory or prototype. Notably, most yeast-based biosensors are still in the early developmental stage, with only a few prototypes tested for real applications. Open challenges, including systematic use of advanced molecular and biotechnological tools, bioprospecting, and implementation of yeast-based biosensors in electrochemical setup, are discussed to find possible solutions for overcoming bottlenecks and promote real-world application of yeast-based biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehtisham Wahid
- DEI – Department of Electrical and Information Engineering – Politecnico di BariBariItaly
| | - Ohiemi Benjamin Ocheja
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment – University of Bari “A. Moro”BariItaly
| | - Enrico Marsili
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation InstituteNingboChina
| | - Cataldo Guaragnella
- DEI – Department of Electrical and Information Engineering – Politecnico di BariBariItaly
| | - Nicoletta Guaragnella
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment – University of Bari “A. Moro”BariItaly
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7
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Abstract
Chemical biosensors are an increasingly ubiquitous part of our lives. Beyond enzyme-coupled assays, recent synthetic biology advances now allow us to hijack more complex biosensing systems to respond to difficult to detect analytes, such as chemical small molecules. Here, we briefly overview recent advances in the biosensing of small molecules, including nucleic acid aptamers, allosteric transcription factors, and two-component systems. We then look more closely at a recently developed chemical sensing system, G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-based sensors. Finally, we consider the chemical sensing capabilities of the largest GPCR subfamily, olfactory receptors (ORs). We examine ORs' role in nature, their potential as a biomedical target, and their ability to detect compounds not amenable for detection using other biological scaffolds. We conclude by evaluating the current challenges, opportunities, and future applications of GPCR- and OR-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amisha Patel
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Pamela Peralta-Yahya
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States,School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute
of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States,E-mail:
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8
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Fan C, Zhang D, Mo Q, Yuan J. Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based biosensors for copper detection. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:2854-2860. [PMID: 35829650 PMCID: PMC9618319 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals, that is Cu(II), are harmful to the environment. There is an increasing demand to develop inexpensive detection methods for heavy metals. Here, we developed a yeast biosensor with reduced‐noise and improved signal output for potential on‐site copper ion detection. The copper‐sensing circuit was achieved by employing a secondary genetic layer to control the galactose‐inducible (GAL) system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The reciprocal control of the Gal4 activator and Gal80 repressor under copper‐responsive promoters resulted in a low‐noise and sensitive yeast biosensor for copper ion detection. Furthermore, we developed a betaxanthin‐based colorimetric assay, as well as 2‐phenylethanol and styrene‐based olfactory outputs for the copper ion detection. Notably, our engineered yeast sensor confers a narrow range switch‐like behaviour, which can give a ‘yes/no’ response when coupled with a betaxanthin‐based visual phenotype. Taken together, we envision that the design principle established here might be applicable to develop other sensing systems for various chemical detections. A low‐noise yeast biosensor was developed for copper detection. The yeast biosensor confers a switch‐like behavior with a “yes/no” response. The olfactory outputs for copper detection were also developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Danli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Qiwen Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
| | - Jifeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, China
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9
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Saito T, Nishida Y, Tabata M, Isobayashi A, Tomizawa H, Miyahara Y, Sugizaki Y. Molecular Interactions between an Enzyme and Its Inhibitor for Selective Detection of Limonene. Anal Chem 2022; 94:7692-7702. [PMID: 35543317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Researchers widely apply enzyme inhibition to chemicals such as pesticides, nerve gases, and anti-Alzheimer's drugs. However, application of enzyme inhibition to odorant sensors is less common because the corresponding reaction mechanisms have not yet been clarified in detail. In this study, we propose a new strategy for highly selective detection of odorant molecules by using an inhibitor-specific enzyme. As an example, we analyzed the selective interactions between acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and limonene─the major odorant of citrus and an AChE inhibitor─using molecular dynamics simulations. In these simulations, limonene was found to be captured at specific binding sites of AChE by modifying the binding site of acetylcholine (ACh), which induced inhibition of the catalytic activity of AChE toward ACh hydrolysis. We confirmed the simulation results by experiments using an ion-sensitive field-effect transistor, and the degree of inhibition of ACh hydrolysis depended on the limonene concentration. Accordingly, we quantitatively detected limonene at a detection limit of 5.7 μM. We furthermore distinguished the response signals to limonene from those to other odorants, such as pinene and perillic acid. Researchers will use our proposed odorant detection method for other odorant-enzyme combinations and applications of miniaturized odorant-sensing systems based on rapid testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Saito
- Toshiba Corporation, 1 Komukai-Toshiba-cho, Saiwai, Kawasaki 212-8582, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Nishida
- Toshiba Corporation, 1 Komukai-Toshiba-cho, Saiwai, Kawasaki 212-8582, Japan
| | - Miyuki Tabata
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Atsunobu Isobayashi
- Toshiba Corporation, 1 Komukai-Toshiba-cho, Saiwai, Kawasaki 212-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tomizawa
- Toshiba Corporation, 1 Komukai-Toshiba-cho, Saiwai, Kawasaki 212-8582, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyahara
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sugizaki
- Toshiba Corporation, 1 Komukai-Toshiba-cho, Saiwai, Kawasaki 212-8582, Japan
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10
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Elad T, Shemer B, Simanowitz S, Kabessa Y, Mizrachi Y, Gold A, Shpigel E, Agranat AJ, Belkin S. Enhancing DNT Detection by a Bacterial Bioreporter: Directed Evolution of the Transcriptional Activator YhaJ. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:821835. [PMID: 35237579 PMCID: PMC8882911 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.821835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of buried landmines is a dangerous and complicated task that consumes large financial resources and poses significant risks to the personnel involved. A potential alternative to conventional detection methodologies is the use of microbial bioreporters, capable of emitting an optical signal upon exposure to explosives, thus revealing to a remote detector the location of buried explosive devices. We have previously reported the design, construction, and optimization of an Escherichia coli-based bioreporter for the detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its accompanying impurity 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). Here we describe the further enhancement of this bioreporter by the directed evolution of YhaJ, the transcriptional activator of the yqjF gene promoter, the sensing element of the bioreporter's molecular circuit. This process resulted in a 37-fold reduction of the detection threshold, as well as significant enhancements to signal intensity and response time, rendering this sensor strain more suitable for detecting the minute concentrations of DNT in the soil above buried landmines. The capability of this enhanced bioreporter to detect DNT buried in sand is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Elad
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Benjamin Shemer
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shilat Simanowitz
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yossef Kabessa
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yosef Mizrachi
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Azriel Gold
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Etai Shpigel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aharon J. Agranat
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shimshon Belkin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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11
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Billerbeck S, Cornish VW. Peptide-Dependent Growth in Yeast via Fine-Tuned Peptide/GPCR-Activated Essential Gene Expression. Biochemistry 2022; 61:150-159. [PMID: 35023728 PMCID: PMC8811955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Building multicellular microbial consortia that communicate with each other and perform programmed functionalities is the next milestone for synthetic biology. Achieving cell-cell communication within these communities requires programming of the transduction of an extracellular signal into a customized intracellular response. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are attractive candidates for engineering signal transduction as they can sense extracellular events with high sensitivity and specificity and transduce them into complex intracellular programs. We recently developed a scalable cell-cell communication language based on fungal mating GPCRs and their secreted peptide ligands. This language allows the assembly of engineered yeast strains into multicellular communication networks and allows them to be made interdependent by peptide signaling. In peptide signaling, one cell secretes a peptide that supports the growth of another cell at nanomolar concentrations, a scalable approach for engineering interdependence. Here we address the challenge of correlating the doubling time of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells with an increasing external peptide concentration by linking GPCR activation to the expression of an essential gene. The required fine-tuning of downstream signaling is achieved via the transcriptional titration of a set of orthogonal GPCR-activated transcription factors, a series of corresponding promoters with different output dynamics, and the use of chemically recoded peptide ligands with varying activation potentials. As such, our work establishes three control points that allow the tuning of the basal and maximal activation of the GPCR response, fold change activation, and response sensitivity. The presented results enable the implementation of peptide-dependent and peptide-tunable growth but could also facilitate the design and calibration of more complex GPCR-controlled synthetic functionality in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Billerbeck
- Molecular
Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Virginia W. Cornish
- Department
of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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12
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Lifshitz A, Shemer B, Hazan C, Shpigel E, Belkin S. A bacterial bioreporter for the detection of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX). Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:5329-5336. [PMID: 34622323 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03685-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the design, construction, and testing of Escherichia coli-based bioluminescent bioreporters for the detection of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX), one of the most prevalent military-grade explosives in use today. These sensor strains are based on a fusion between the promoter of either the hmp (nitric oxide dioxygenase) or the hcp (a high-affinity nitric oxide reductase) E. coli gene, to the microbial bioluminescence luxCDABEG gene cassette. Signal intensity was enhanced in ∆hmp and ∆hcp mutants, and detection sensitivity was improved when the two gene promoters were cloned in tandem. The Photobacterium leiognathi luxCDABEG reporter genes were superior to those of Aliivibrio fischeri in terms of signal intensity, but in most cases inferior in terms of detection sensitivity, due to a higher background signal. Both sensor strains were also induced by additional nitro-organic explosives, as well as by nitrate salts. Sensitive detection of RDX in a solid matrix (either LB agar or sand) was also demonstrated, with the bioreporters encapsulated in 1.5-mm calcium alginate beads. Lowest RDX concentration detected in sand was 1.67 mg/kg sand. The bioreporter strains described herein may serve as a basis for a standoff detection technology of RDX-based explosive devices, including buried landmines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Lifshitz
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Benjamin Shemer
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Carina Hazan
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Etai Shpigel
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shimshon Belkin
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel.
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13
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Bacterial bioreporters for the detection of trace explosives: performance enhancement by DNA shuffling and random mutagenesis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:4329-4337. [PMID: 33942130 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Landmines and other explosive remnants of war pose a global humanitarian problem that claims numerous casualties long after the conflict has ended. As there are no acceptable methodologies for the remote discovery of such devices, current detection practices still require the risky presence of personnel in the minefield. We have recently described bacterial sensor strains capable of reporting the existence of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT) vapors in the soil above 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)-based landmines, by generating a bioluminescent or a fluorescent signal. This may allow the identification of landmine location by remote imaging of an area over which the bacteria have been spread. In the study reported herein, we have improved the DNT-detection capabilities of these sensor strains by combining two DNT-responsive Escherichia coli gene promoters, yqjF and azoR, and subjecting them to three cycles of random mutagenesis by error-prone PCR, combined with segmentation and rearrangement ("DNA shuffling"). The activity of selected modified promoters was evaluated with the Aliivibrio fischeri and Photobacterium leiognathi luxCDABEG gene cassettes as the bioluminescent reporters, exhibiting a ten-fold background reduction that has led to a three-fold decrease in detection threshold. Signal intensity was further enhanced by modifying the ribosomal binding site of the yqjF gene promoter. The superior DNT detection capabilities on a solid matrix by the improved sensor strain were demonstrated. KEY POINTS: • Performance of microbial sensor strains for buried explosives was molecularly enhanced. • Manipulations included random mutagenesis, "DNA shuffling," and RBS reprogramming. • The re-engineered constructs exhibited superior detection of trace explosives.
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14
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Lengger B, Jensen MK. Engineering G protein-coupled receptor signalling in yeast for biotechnological and medical purposes. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 20:5673487. [PMID: 31825496 PMCID: PMC6977407 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foz087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise the largest class of membrane proteins in the human genome, with a common denominator of seven-transmembrane domains largely conserved among eukaryotes. Yeast is naturally armoured with three different GPCRs for pheromone and sugar sensing, with the pheromone pathway being extensively hijacked for characterising heterologous GPCR signalling in a model eukaryote. This review focusses on functional GPCR studies performed in yeast and on the elucidated hotspots for engineering, and discusses both endogenous and heterologous GPCR signalling. Key emphasis will be devoted to studies describing important engineering parameters to consider for successful coupling of GPCRs to the yeast mating pathway. We also review the various means of applying yeast for studying GPCRs, including the use of yeast armed with heterologous GPCRs as a platform for (i) deorphanisation of orphan receptors, (ii) metabolic engineering of yeast for production of bioactive products and (iii) medical applications related to pathogen detection and drug discovery. Finally, this review summarises the current challenges related to expression of functional membrane-bound GPCRs in yeast and discusses the opportunities to continue capitalising on yeast as a model chassis for functional GPCR signalling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Lengger
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Michael K Jensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, Kgs. Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
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15
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Agranat AJ, Kabessa Y, Shemer B, Shpigel E, Schwartsglass O, Atamneh L, Uziel Y, Ejzenberg M, Mizrachi Y, Garcia Y, Perepelitsa G, Belkin S. An autonomous bioluminescent bacterial biosensor module for outdoor sensor networks, and its application for the detection of buried explosives. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 185:113253. [PMID: 33930754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe a miniaturized field-deployable biosensor module, designed to function as an element in a sensor network for standoff monitoring and mapping of environmental hazards. The module harbors live bacterial sensor cells, genetically engineered to emit a bioluminescent signal in the presence of preselected target materials, which act as its core sensing elements. The module, which detects and processes the biological signal, composes a digital record that describes its findings, and can be transmitted to a remote receiver. The module is an autonomous self-contained unit that can function either as a standalone sensor, or as a node in a sensor network. The biosensor module can potentially be used for detecting any target material to which the sensor cells were engineered to respond. The module described herein was constructed to detect the presence of buried landmines underneath its footprint. The demonstrated detection sensitivity was 0.25 mg 2,4-dinitrotoluene per Kg soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aharon J Agranat
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Yossef Kabessa
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel.
| | - Benjamin Shemer
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Etai Shpigel
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Offer Schwartsglass
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Loay Atamneh
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Yonatan Uziel
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Meir Ejzenberg
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Yosef Mizrachi
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Yehudit Garcia
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Galina Perepelitsa
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Shimshon Belkin
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
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16
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Varela JN, Yadav VG. A Pichia biosensor for high-throughput analyses of compounds that can influence mosquito behavior. Microbiologyopen 2021; 10:e1139. [PMID: 33264511 PMCID: PMC7851572 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes utilize their sense of smell to locate prey and feed on their blood. Repellents interfere with the biochemical cascades that detect odors. Consequently, repellants are highly effective and resource-efficient alternatives for controlling the spread of mosquito-borne illnesses. Unfortunately, the discovery of repellents is slow, laborious, and error-prone. To this end, we have taken a giant stride toward improving the speed and accuracy of repellant discovery by constructing a prototypical whole-cell biosensor for accurate detection of mosquito behavior-modifying compounds such as repellants. As a proof-of-concept, we genetically engineered Pichia pastoris to express the olfactory receptor co-receptor (Orco) of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. This transmembrane protein behaves like a cationic channel upon activation by stimulatory odorants. When the engineered Pichia cells are cultured in calcium-containing Hank's buffer, induction of the medium with a stimulatory odorant results in an influx of calcium ions into the cells, and the stimulatory effect is quantifiable using the calcium-sequestering fluorescent dye, fluo-4-acetoxymethyl ester. Moreover, the stimulatory effect can be titrated by adjusting either the concentration of calcium ions in the medium or the level of induction of the stimulatory odorant. Subsequent exposure of the activated Pichia cells to a repellant molecule inhibits the stimulatory effect and quenches the fluorescent signal, also in a titratable manner. Significantly, the modular architecture of the biosensor allows easy and efficient expansion of its detection range by co-expressing Orco with other olfactory receptors. The high-throughput assay is also compatible with robotic screening infrastructure, and our development represents a paradigm change for the discovery of mosquito repellants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Nogueira Varela
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering & School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Vikramaditya G. Yadav
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering & School of Biomedical EngineeringThe University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
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17
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Shemer B, Shpigel E, Hazan C, Kabessa Y, Agranat AJ, Belkin S. Detection of buried explosives with immobilized bacterial bioreporters. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:251-261. [PMID: 33095504 PMCID: PMC7888469 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The unchecked dispersal of antipersonnel landmines since the late 19th century has resulted in large areas contaminated with these explosive devices, creating a substantial worldwide humanitarian safety risk. The main obstacle to safe and effective landmine removal is the identification of their exact location, an activity that currently requires entry of personnel into the minefields; to date, there is no commercialized technology for an efficient stand-off detection of buried landmines. In this article, we describe the optimization of a microbial sensor strain, genetically engineered for the remote detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoloune (TNT)-based mines. This bioreporter, designed to bioluminescence in response to minute concentrations of either TNT or 2,4-dinitotoluene (DNT), was immobilized in hydrogel beads and optimized for dispersion over the minefield. Following modifications of the hydrogel matrix in which the sensor bacteria are encapsulated, as well as their genetic reporting elements, these sensor bacteria sensitively detected buried 2,4-dinitrotoluene in laboratory experiments. Encapsulated in 1.5 mm 2% alginate beads containing 1% polyacrylic acid, they also detected the location of a real metallic antipersonnel landmine under field conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the detection of a buried landmine with a luminescent microbial bioreporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Shemer
- Institute of Life SciencesThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Etai Shpigel
- Institute of Life SciencesThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Carina Hazan
- Institute of ChemistryThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Yossef Kabessa
- The Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Aharon J. Agranat
- The Department of Applied PhysicsThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Shimshon Belkin
- Institute of Life SciencesThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
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18
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Shemer B, Shpigel E, Glozman A, Yagur-Kroll S, Kabessa Y, Agranat AJ, Belkin S. Genome-wide gene-deletion screening identifies mutations that significantly enhance explosives vapor detection by a microbial sensor. N Biotechnol 2020; 59:65-73. [PMID: 32622861 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Genetically engineered microbial biosensors, capable of detecting traces of explosives residues above buried military ordnance and emitting an optical signal in response, may potentially serve for the standoff detection of buried landmines. A promising candidate for such an application is a previously reported Escherichia coli-based reporter strain that employs the yqjF gene promoter as its sensing element; however, for this sensor to be able to detect actual landmines reliably, it was necessary for its detection sensitivity and signal intensity to be enhanced. In this study, a high-throughput approach was employed to screen the effects of individual gene deletions on yqjF activation by 2,4-dinitrotoluene (DNT). Several genes were identified, the deletion of which elicited a significant enhancement of yqjF induction by DNT. The most promising of these mutations were introduced into the sensor strain, individually or in pairs, yielding a considerable increase in signal intensity and a lowering of the detection threshold. A strain harboring two of the identified mutations, ygdD and eutE, appears to be the most sensitive microbial biosensor currently described for the detection of traces of landmine explosives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Shemer
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Etai Shpigel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Anat Glozman
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharon Yagur-Kroll
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yosssef Kabessa
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aharon J Agranat
- Department of Applied Physics and the Brojde Center for Innovative Engineering and Computer Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shimshon Belkin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
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19
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Misawa N, Osaki T, Takeuchi S. Membrane protein-based biosensors. J R Soc Interface 2019; 15:rsif.2017.0952. [PMID: 29669891 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This review highlights recent development of biosensors that use the functions of membrane proteins. Membrane proteins are essential components of biological membranes and have a central role in detection of various environmental stimuli such as olfaction and gustation. A number of studies have attempted for development of biosensors using the sensing property of these membrane proteins. Their specificity to target molecules is particularly attractive as it is significantly superior to that of traditional human-made sensors. In this review, we classified the membrane protein-based biosensors into two platforms: the lipid bilayer-based platform and the cell-based platform. On lipid bilayer platforms, the membrane proteins are embedded in a lipid bilayer that bridges between the protein and a sensor device. On cell-based platforms, the membrane proteins are expressed in a cultured cell, which is then integrated in a sensor device. For both platforms we introduce the fundamental information and the recent progress in the development of the biosensors, and remark on the outlook for practical biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Misawa
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki 213-0012, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Osaki
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki 213-0012, Japan.,Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki 213-0012, Japan .,Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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20
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Liu R, Li Z, Huang Z, Li K, Lv Y. Biosensors for explosives: State of art and future trends. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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21
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Li J, Liu X, Man Y, Chen Q, Pei D, Wu W. Cell-free expression, purification and characterization of Drosophila melanogaster odorant receptor OR42a and its co-receptor. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 159:27-33. [PMID: 30872132 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Olfactory receptors (OR), a group of classic membrane proteins, plays a vital role in insect reproduction and acclimatization. Deciphering the molecular mechanism of insect olfaction could enhance pest control and environmental protection. Studies on ORs have faced a major bottleneck due to the notoriously strong hydrophobicity of ORs, which results in difficult expression in heterologous cell systems. Here, we demonstrated that insect ORs could be functionally produced using the E. coli cell-free protein synthesis system (CFPS), in which the highest yield of total ORs is 350 μg per 1 ml reaction. We tested the effects of detergent types and concentrations on soluble expression of ORs. The ORs showed a classic α-helical infrared spectrum. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) was used to demonstrate that ORs fold correctly and respond to their ligands. This is the first report that insect OR42a could be functionally produced in vitro. This approach may facilitate the development of biomimetic olfactory biosensors and may also be utilized for drug positioning and development, environmental protection and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Li
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Xingping Liu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Yahui Man
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Di Pei
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjian Wu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, China.
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22
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Xu Q, Lu D, Pang G. Study on Bombykol Receptor Self-Assembly and Universality of G Protein Cellular Signal Amplification System. ACS Sens 2019; 4:257-264. [PMID: 30618240 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The G protein cascade amplification system couples with several receptors to sense/amplify the cellular signal, implying universal application. In order to explore whether GPCRs can trigger G protein signal amplification in tissues/cells from different species, bombykol receptor was isolated and purified from antennas of male Bombyx mori, which subsequently self-assembled on the cell membrane in rat taste buds/rat vomeronasa/catfish tentacles/taste bud tissues of rabbits/pig/cattle in those lacking endogenous bombykol receptor, followed by immobilization between two sheets of nucleopore membranes fixed by sodium alginate-starch gel, forming the sandwich-type sensing membrane, which in turn was immobilized on the glass-carbon electrode. Thus, bombykol receptor sensors were established with different tissues. The response current of bombykol receptor sensor toward bombykol was measured with an electrochemical workstation. Every bombykol receptor sensor could sense bombykol based on enzyme-substrate kinetics. The double reciprocal plot and the activation constant values of bombykol receptor sensors assembled with rat taste buds, rat vomeronasa, catfish tentacles, rabbit taste buds, pig taste buds, and cattle taste buds were calculated. Approximately 2-3 receptors could trigger the G protein cascade amplification system and achieve the maximum signal output. Moreover, the detection lower limit indicated that the bombykol receptor self-assembled on the cell membranes of different tissues that transmitted and amplified the bombykol signal with hypersensitivity. Also, cattle taste bud tissues served as an ideal system for heterogeneous GPCRs self-assembly and signal sensing/amplification. This sensing technique and method had promising potential in studies of biological pest control, sex pheromone detection, and receptor structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuda Xu
- College of Biotechnology & Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Dingqiang Lu
- College of Biotechnology & Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Tianjin 300134, China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science &Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Guangchang Pang
- College of Biotechnology & Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Tianjin 300134, China
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23
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Myers RT, Ayers J. A nitric oxide sensor fabricated through e-jet printing towards use in bioelectronics interfaces. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-018-1269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Leitch O, Lennard C, Paul Kirkbride K, Anderson A. Drosophila melanogaster odorant receptors as volatile compound detectors in forensic science: a proof-of-concept study. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:7739-7747. [PMID: 30280229 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1390-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability to detect and identify substances based on the volatile compounds (odors) they emit is relied upon heavily for numerous investigative purposes. Animals have an innate olfactory sensitivity and selectivity that out-performs current instrumentation. This has led to immense interest in their employment as chemical sensors for a range of applications, including forensic science, both as whole organisms and as sensing elements in biosensors. Using electrophysiological and calcium imaging assays, this research examined the response of Drosophila melanogaster olfactory receptors (ORs) to odor compounds significant in forensic science and assessed their potential utility as volatile compound sensors. This investigation illustrated the different sensitivities, selectivities, and sensing features of individual ORs and demonstrated that their employment for detection purposes is feasible. While further research expanding on this study will be required to demonstrate the performance characteristics that an OR-based detection system will ultimately possess, this research provides an encouraging first step towards the goal of utilizing isolated biological ORs as volatile compound sensors in forensic science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Leitch
- National Centre for Forensic Studies, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia. .,CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia. .,School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Chris Lennard
- National Centre for Forensic Studies, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - K Paul Kirkbride
- The College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Alisha Anderson
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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25
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Yoo JI, O’Malley MA. Tuning Vector Stability and Integration Frequency Elevates Functional GPCR Production and Homogeneity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ACS Synth Biol 2018; 7:1763-1772. [PMID: 29871481 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.8b00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Membrane proteins play a valuable role in biotechnology, yet the difficulty of producing high yields of functional membrane protein limits their use in synthetic biology. The practical application of G protein-coupled receptors in whole cell biosensors, for example, is restricted to those that are functionally produced at the cell surface in the chosen host, limiting the range of detectable molecules. Here, we present a facile approach to significantly improve the yield and homogeneity of functional membrane proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by altering only the choice of expression vector. Expression of a model GPCR, the human adenosine A2a receptor, from commonly used centromeric and episomal vectors leads to low yields and cellular heterogeneity due to plasmid loss in 20-90% of the cell population. In contrast, homogeneous production of GPCR is attained using a multisite integrating vector or a novel, modified high copy vector that does not require genomic integration or addition of any selection agents. Finally, we introduce a FACS-based screen, which enables rapid isolation of cells with 4- to 15-fold increases in gene dosage and up to a 9-fold increase in functional protein yield without loss of homogeneity compared to a strain isolated through conventional, low-throughput methods. These results can be extended to improve the cellular homogeneity and yield of other membrane proteins, expanding the repertoire of useful receptors for synthetic biology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin I. Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Michelle A. O’Malley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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26
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Ostrov N, Jimenez M, Billerbeck S, Brisbois J, Matragrano J, Ager A, Cornish VW. A modular yeast biosensor for low-cost point-of-care pathogen detection. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1603221. [PMID: 28782007 PMCID: PMC5489263 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1603221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The availability of simple, specific, and inexpensive on-site detection methods is of key importance for deployment of pathogen surveillance networks. We developed a nontechnical and highly specific colorimetric assay for detection of pathogen-derived peptides based on Saccharomyces cerevisiae-a genetically tractable model organism and household product. Integrating G protein-coupled receptors with a visible, reagent-free lycopene readout, we demonstrate differential detection of major human, plant, and food fungal pathogens with nanomolar sensitivity. We further optimized a one-step rapid dipstick prototype that can be used in complex samples, including blood, urine, and soil. This modular biosensor can be economically produced at large scale, is not reliant on cold-chain storage, can be detected without additional equipment, and is thus a compelling platform scalable to global surveillance of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nili Ostrov
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Miguel Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sonja Billerbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - James Brisbois
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Joseph Matragrano
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Alastair Ager
- Department of Population and Family Health, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Virginia W. Cornish
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Corresponding author.
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27
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Harbaugh SV, Goodson MS, Dillon K, Zabarnick S, Kelley-Loughnane N. Riboswitch-Based Reversible Dual Color Sensor. ACS Synth Biol 2017; 6:766-781. [PMID: 28121427 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.6b00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Riboswitches are RNA-based "sensors" that utilize chemically induced structural changes in the 5'-untranslated region of mRNA to regulate expression of downstream genes. Coupling a specific riboswitch with a reporter gene system translates chemical detection by the cell into a quantifiable reporter protein signal. For the majority of reporter gene systems, the readout signal is only expressed in the presence of the target analyte. This makes it difficult to determine the viability and localization of the uninduced biosensor when it is used for "real-word" applications. To address this problem, we developed a dual-color reporter comprising elements of the E. coli fimbriae phase variation system: recombinase FimE controlled by a synthetic riboswitch and an invertible DNA segment (fimS) containing a constitutively active promoter placed between two fluorescent protein genes. Without an analyte, the fluorescent reporter constitutively expressed green fluorescent protein (GFPa1). Addition of the analyte initiated translation of fimE causing unidirectional inversion of the fimS segment and constitutive expression of red fluorescent protein (mKate2). Thus, the sensor is always fluorescent, but its color is determined by detection of a specific analyte. We demonstrate that the recombinase-based dual-color reporter can be successfully applied to monitor the activation of a theophylline synthetic riboswitch that was used as our model system. To show the feasibility of the FimE recombinase-based system to serve as a reporter for monitoring activation of multiple synthetic riboswitches and, therefore, expand the applicability of the system, we tested a number of previously developed synthetic riboswitches responsive to different analytes. We show that the dual-color reporter system can be successfully used to monitor activation of M6 and M6″ riboswitches responsive to ammeline and pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diamine, respectively, and a 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene-responsive riboswitch developed in this study. We also demonstrate that the system can be reversed by HbiF recombinase-mediated fimS inversion to the initial state of the fluorescent reporter, creating a resettable and reusable cell-based sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Harbaugh
- 711th
Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research
Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- The Henry M. Jackson Foundation, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States
| | - Michael S. Goodson
- 711th
Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research
Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
- UES, Inc., 4401 Dayton-Xenia
Road, Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Kateri Dillon
- 711th
Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research
Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Sarah Zabarnick
- 711th
Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research
Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Nancy Kelley-Loughnane
- 711th
Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Air Force Research
Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433, United States
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Shemer B, Koshet O, Yagur-Kroll S, Belkin S. Microbial bioreporters of trace explosives. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 45:113-119. [PMID: 28319855 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Since its introduction as an explosive in the late 19th century, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), along with other explosive compounds, has left numerous environmental marks. One of these is widespread soil and water pollution by trace explosives in military proving grounds, manufacturing facilities, or actual battlefields. Another dramatic impact is that exerted by the millions of landmines and other explosive devices buried in large parts of the world, causing extensive loss of life, injuries, and economical damage. In this review we highlight recent advances in the design and construction of microbial bioreporters, molecularly engineered to generate a quantifiable dose-dependent signal in the presence of trace amounts of explosives. Such sensor strains may be employed for monitoring environmental pollution as well as for the remote detection of buried landmines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Shemer
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ori Koshet
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharon Yagur-Kroll
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shimshon Belkin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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29
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Fukutani Y, Ishii J, Kondo A, Ozawa T, Matsunami H, Yohda M. Split luciferase complementation assay for the analysis of G protein-coupled receptor ligand response in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:1354-1361. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Fukutani
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
| | - Jun Ishii
- Graduate School of Science; Technology and Innovation; Kobe university; Kobe Japan
| | - Akihiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Science; Technology and Innovation; Kobe university; Kobe Japan
| | - Takeaki Ozawa
- Department of Chemistry; School of Science; The University of Tokyo; Hongo Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroaki Matsunami
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology; Duke University Medical Center; Durham North Carolina
- Institute of Global Innovation Research; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei Tokyo Japan
| | - Masafumi Yohda
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan
- Institute of Global Innovation Research; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; Koganei Tokyo Japan
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30
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Biofuel metabolic engineering with biosensors. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2016; 35:150-158. [PMID: 27768949 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic engineering offers the potential to renewably produce important classes of chemicals, particularly biofuels, at an industrial scale. DNA synthesis and editing techniques can generate large pathway libraries, yet identifying the best variants is slow and cumbersome. Traditionally, analytical methods like chromatography and mass spectrometry have been used to evaluate pathway variants, but such techniques cannot be performed with high throughput. Biosensors - genetically encoded components that actuate a cellular output in response to a change in metabolite concentration - are therefore a promising tool for rapid and high-throughput evaluation of candidate pathway variants. Applying biosensors can also dynamically tune pathways in response to metabolic changes, improving balance and productivity. Here, we describe the major classes of biosensors and briefly highlight recent progress in applying them to biofuel-related metabolic pathway engineering.
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31
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Emmerstorfer-Augustin A, Moser S, Pichler H. Screening for improved isoprenoid biosynthesis in microorganisms. J Biotechnol 2016; 235:112-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Neto MF, Nguyen QH, Marsili J, McFall SM, Voisine C. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans displays a chemotaxis behavior to tuberculosis-specific odorants. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis 2016; 4:44-49. [PMID: 31723687 PMCID: PMC6850256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctube.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple, affordable diagnostic test for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is urgently needed to improve detection of active Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Recently, it has been suggested that animal behavior can be used as a biosensor to signal the presence of human disease. For example, the giant African pouched rats can detect tuberculosis by sniffing sputum specimens while trained honeybees respond to three of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) detected in the breath of TB positive patients by proboscis extension. However, both rats and honeybees require animal housing facilities and professional trainers, which are outside the scope of most disease testing facilities. Here, we report that the innate olfactory behavioral response of the roundworm nematode Caenorhabditis elegans can be used to detect the TB-specific VOCs methyl p-anisate, methyl nicotinate, methyl phenylacetate and o-phenylanisole, in chemotaxis assays. Dauer larvae, a long-lived stress resistant alternative development state of C. elegans in which the animals can survive for extended periods of time in dry conditions with no food, were also demonstrated to detect the VOCs. We propose that exposing naive dauer larvae to TB-related VOCs and recording their response in this behavioral assay could lead to the development of a new method for TB diagnostics using breath as the sample type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mário F Neto
- Center for Innovation in Global Health Technologies (CIGHT), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Quan H Nguyen
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA
| | - Joseph Marsili
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA
| | - Sally M McFall
- Center for Innovation in Global Health Technologies (CIGHT), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Cindy Voisine
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL 60625, USA
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33
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Wu C, Lillehoj PB, Wang P. Bioanalytical and chemical sensors using living taste, olfactory, and neural cells and tissues: a short review. Analyst 2016; 140:7048-61. [PMID: 26308143 DOI: 10.1039/c5an01288k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors utilizing living tissues and cells have recently gained significant attention as functional devices for chemical sensing and biochemical analysis. These devices integrate biological components (i.e. single cells, cell networks, tissues) with micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)-based sensors and transducers. Various types of cells and tissues derived from natural and bioengineered sources have been used as recognition and sensing elements, which are generally characterized by high sensitivity and specificity. This review summarizes the state of the art in tissue- and cell-based biosensing platforms with an emphasis on those using taste, olfactory, and neural cells and tissues. Many of these devices employ unique integration strategies and sensing schemes based on sensitive transducers including microelectrode arrays (MEAs), field effect transistors (FETs), and light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPSs). Several groups have coupled these hybrid biosensors with microfluidics which offers added benefits of small sample volumes and enhanced automation. While this technology is currently limited to lab settings due to the limited stability of living biological components, further research to enhance their robustness will enable these devices to be employed in field and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunsheng Wu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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Mukherjee K, Bhattacharyya S, Peralta-Yahya P. GPCR-Based Chemical Biosensors for Medium-Chain Fatty Acids. ACS Synth Biol 2015; 4:1261-9. [PMID: 25992593 DOI: 10.1021/sb500365m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A key limitation to engineering microbes for chemical production is a reliance on low-throughput chromatography-based screens for chemical detection. While colorimetric chemicals are amenable to high-throughput screens, many value-added chemicals are not colorimetric and require sensors for high-throughput screening. Here, we use G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) known to bind medium-chain fatty acids in mammalian cells to rapidly construct chemical sensors in yeast. Medium-chain fatty acids are immediate precursors to the advanced biofuel fatty acid methyl esters, which can serve as a "drop-in" replacement for D2 diesel. One of the sensors detects even-chain C8-C12 fatty acids with a 13- to 17-fold increase in signal after activation, with linear ranges up to 250 μM. Introduction of a synthetic response unit alters both dynamic and linear range, improving the sensor response to decanoic acid to a 30-fold increase in signal after activation, with a linear range up to 500 μM. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a whole-cell medium-chain fatty acid biosensor, which we envision could be applied to the evolutionary engineering of fatty acid-producing microbes. Given the affinity of GPCRs for a wide range of chemicals, it should be possible to rapidly assemble new biosensors by simply swapping the GPCR sensing unit. These sensors should be amenable to a variety of applications that require different dynamic and linear ranges, by introducing different response units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntal Mukherjee
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Souryadeep Bhattacharyya
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Pamela Peralta-Yahya
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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35
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Sun X, Shao K, Wang T. Detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from exhaled breath as noninvasive methods for cancer diagnosis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 408:2759-80. [PMID: 26677028 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9200-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The detection of cancer at an early stage is often significant in the successful treatment of the disease. Tumor cells have been reported to generate unique cancer volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles which can reflect the disease conditions. The detection and analysis of VOC biomarkers from exhaled breath has been recognized as a new frontier in cancer diagnostics and health inspections owing to its potential in developing rapid, noninvasive, and inexpensive cancer screening tools. To detect specific VOCs of low concentrations from exhaled breath, and to enhance the accuracy of early diagnosis, many breath collection and analysis approaches have been developed. This paper will summarize and critically review the exhaled-breath VOC-related sampling, collection, detection, and analytical methods, especially the recent development in VOC sensors. VOC sensors are commonly inexpensive, portable, programmable, easy to use, and can obtain data in real time with high sensitivities. Therefore, many sensor-based VOC detection techniques have huge potential in clinical point-of-care use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Sun
- Institute of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Kang Shao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Hospital & Institute, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tie Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
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36
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Application of genetically engineered microbial whole-cell biosensors for combined chemosensing. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:1109-1119. [PMID: 26615397 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7160-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The progress of genetically engineered microbial whole-cell biosensors for chemosensing and monitoring has been developed in the last 20 years. Those biosensors respond to target chemicals and produce output signals, which offer a simple and alternative way of assessment approaches. As actual pollution caused by human activities usually contains a combination of different chemical substances, how to employ those biosensors to accurately detect real contaminant samples and evaluate biological effects of the combined chemicals has become a realistic object of environmental researches. In this review, we outlined different types of the recent method of genetically engineered microbial whole-cell biosensors for combined chemical evaluation, epitomized their detection performance, threshold, specificity, and application progress that have been achieved up to now. We also discussed the applicability and limitations of this biosensor technology and analyzed the optimum conditions for their environmental assessment in a combined way.
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37
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Shemer B, Palevsky N, Yagur-Kroll S, Belkin S. Genetically engineered microorganisms for the detection of explosives' residues. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1175. [PMID: 26579085 PMCID: PMC4625088 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The manufacture and use of explosives throughout the past century has resulted in the extensive pollution of soils and groundwater, and the widespread interment of landmines imposes a major humanitarian risk and prevents civil development of large areas. As most current landmine detection technologies require actual presence at the surveyed areas, thus posing a significant risk to personnel, diverse research efforts are aimed at the development of remote detection solutions. One possible means proposed to fulfill this objective is the use of microbial bioreporters: genetically engineered microorganisms “tailored” to generate an optical signal in the presence of explosives’ vapors. The use of such sensor bacteria will allow to pinpoint the locations of explosive devices in a minefield. While no study has yet resulted in a commercially operational system, significant progress has been made in the design and construction of explosives-sensing bacterial strains. In this article we review the attempts to construct microbial bioreporters for the detection of explosives, and analyze the steps that need to be undertaken for this strategy to be applicable for landmine detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Shemer
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Noa Palevsky
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharon Yagur-Kroll
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shimshon Belkin
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem, Israel
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38
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Guo Z, Zine N, Lagarde F, Daligault J, Persuy MA, Pajot-Augy E, Zhang A, Jaffrezic-Renault N. A novel platform based on immobilized histidine tagged olfactory receptors, for the amperometric detection of an odorant molecule characteristic of boar taint. Food Chem 2015; 184:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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39
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Zhang D, Jiang J, Chen J, Zhang Q, Lu Y, Yao Y, Li S, Logan Liu G, Liu Q. Smartphone-based portable biosensing system using impedance measurement with printed electrodes for 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 70:81-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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40
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de March CA, Ryu S, Sicard G, Moon C, Golebiowski J. Structure-odour relationships reviewed in the postgenomic era. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire A. de March
- Institut de Chimie de Nice; Université Nice Sophia Antipolis; UMR CNRS 7272, parc Valrose 06108 Nice cedex 02 France
| | - SangEun Ryu
- Laboratory of Chemical Senses, Department of Brain and Cognitive Science; DGIST (Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology); 50-1 Sang-Ri, Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun Daegu 711-873 Korea
| | - Gilles Sicard
- Neurobiology of Cellular Interactions and Neurophysiopathology; Aix-Marseille Université; UMR CNRS 7259 13331 Marseille cedex 03 France
| | - Cheil Moon
- Laboratory of Chemical Senses, Department of Brain and Cognitive Science; DGIST (Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology); 50-1 Sang-Ri, Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun Daegu 711-873 Korea
| | - Jérôme Golebiowski
- Institut de Chimie de Nice; Université Nice Sophia Antipolis; UMR CNRS 7272, parc Valrose 06108 Nice cedex 02 France
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41
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Mitsuno H, Sakurai T, Namiki S, Mitsuhashi H, Kanzaki R. Novel cell-based odorant sensor elements based on insect odorant receptors. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 65:287-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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42
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Fukutani Y, Hori A, Tsukada S, Sato R, Ishii J, Kondo A, Matsunami H, Yohda M. Improving the odorant sensitivity of olfactory receptor-expressing yeast with accessory proteins. Anal Biochem 2015; 471:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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43
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Tehseen M, Dumancic M, Briggs L, Wang J, Berna A, Anderson A, Trowell S. Functional coupling of a nematode chemoreceptor to the yeast pheromone response pathway. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111429. [PMID: 25415379 PMCID: PMC4240545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequencing of the Caenorhabditis elegans genome revealed sequences encoding more than 1,000 G-protein coupled receptors, hundreds of which may respond to volatile organic ligands. To understand how the worm's simple olfactory system can sense its chemical environment there is a need to characterise a representative selection of these receptors but only very few receptors have been linked to a specific volatile ligand. We therefore set out to design a yeast expression system for assigning ligands to nematode chemoreceptors. We showed that while a model receptor ODR-10 binds to C. elegans Gα subunits ODR-3 and GPA-3 it cannot bind to yeast Gα. However, chimaeras between the nematode and yeast Gα subunits bound to both ODR-10 and the yeast Gβγ subunits. FIG2 was shown to be a superior MAP-dependent promoter for reporter expression. We replaced the endogenous Gα subunit (GPA1) of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ste2Δ sst2Δ far1Δ) triple mutant ("Cyb") with a Gpa1/ODR-3 chimaera and introduced ODR-10 as a model nematode GPCR. This strain showed concentration-dependent activation of the yeast MAP kinase pathway in the presence of diacetyl, the first time that the native form of a nematode chemoreceptor has been functionally expressed in yeast. This is an important step towards en masse de-orphaning of C. elegans chemoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tehseen
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Mira Dumancic
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Lyndall Briggs
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Jian Wang
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Amalia Berna
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Alisha Anderson
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Stephen Trowell
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- * E-mail:
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44
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Sato K, Takeuchi S. Chemical Vapor Detection Using a Reconstituted Insect Olfactory Receptor Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201404720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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45
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Adeniran A, Sherer M, Tyo KE. Yeast-based biosensors: design and applications. FEMS Yeast Res 2014; 15:1-15. [DOI: 10.1111/1567-1364.12203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adebola Adeniran
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering; Northwestern University; Evanston IL USA
| | - Michael Sherer
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering; Northwestern University; Evanston IL USA
| | - Keith E.J. Tyo
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering; Northwestern University; Evanston IL USA
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46
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Tehseen M, Liao C, Dacres H, Dumancic M, Trowell S, Anderson A. Oligomerisation of C. elegans olfactory receptors, ODR-10 and STR-112, in yeast. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108680. [PMID: 25254556 PMCID: PMC4177895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that vertebrate G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) associate with each other as homo- or hetero-dimers or higher-order oligomers. The C. elegans genome encodes hundreds of olfactory GPCRs, which may be expressed in fewer than a dozen chemosensory neurons, suggesting an opportunity for oligomerisation. Here we show, using three independent lines of evidence: co-immunoprecipitation, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer and a yeast two-hybrid assay that nematode olfactory receptors (ORs) oligomerise when heterologously expressed in yeast. Specifically, the nematode receptor ODR-10 is able to homo-oligomerise and can also form heteromers with the related nematode receptor STR-112. ODR-10 also oligomerised with the rat I7 OR but did not oligomerise with the human somatostatin receptor 5, a neuropeptide receptor. In this study, the question of functional relevance was not addressed and remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tehseen
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Chunyan Liao
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Helen Dacres
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Mira Dumancic
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Stephen Trowell
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Alisha Anderson
- CSIRO Food Futures National Research Flagship & CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Emmerstorfer A, Wriessnegger T, Hirz M, Pichler H. Overexpression of membrane proteins from higher eukaryotes in yeasts. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:7671-98. [PMID: 25070595 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5948-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Heterologous expression and characterisation of the membrane proteins of higher eukaryotes is of paramount interest in fundamental and applied research. Due to the rather simple and well-established methods for their genetic modification and cultivation, yeast cells are attractive host systems for recombinant protein production. This review provides an overview on the remarkable progress, and discusses pitfalls, in applying various yeast host strains for high-level expression of eukaryotic membrane proteins. In contrast to the cell lines of higher eukaryotes, yeasts permit efficient library screening methods. Modified yeasts are used as high-throughput screening tools for heterologous membrane protein functions or as benchmark for analysing drug-target relationships, e.g., by using yeasts as sensors. Furthermore, yeasts are powerful hosts for revealing interactions stabilising and/or activating membrane proteins. We also discuss the stress responses of yeasts upon heterologous expression of membrane proteins. Through co-expression of chaperones and/or optimising yeast cultivation and expression strategies, yield-optimised hosts have been created for membrane protein crystallography or efficient whole-cell production of fine chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Emmerstorfer
- ACIB-Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Petersgasse 14, 8010, Graz, Austria
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Sato K, Takeuchi S. Chemical Vapor Detection Using a Reconstituted Insect Olfactory Receptor Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11798-802. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Leitch O, Anderson A, Paul Kirkbride K, Lennard C. Biological organisms as volatile compound detectors: A review. Forensic Sci Int 2013; 232:92-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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50
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Mazzatenta A, Di Giulio C, Pokorski M. Pathologies currently identified by exhaled biomarkers. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2013; 187:128-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2013.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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