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Anandi L, Garcia J, Ros M, Janská L, Liu J, Carmona-Fontaine C. Direct visualization of emergent metastatic features within an ex vivo model of the tumor microenvironment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.01.09.523294. [PMID: 36712084 PMCID: PMC9882016 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.09.523294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic conditions such as hypoxia, nutrient starvation, and media acidification, together with interactions with stromal cells are critical drivers of metastasis. Since these conditions arise deep within tumor tissues with poor access to the bloodstream, the observation of nascent metastases in vivo is exceedingly challenging. On the other hand, conventional cell culture studies cannot capture the complex nature of metastatic processes. We thus designed and implemented an ex vivo model of the tumor microenvironment to study the emergence of metastatic features in tumor cells in their native 3-dimensional (3D) context. In this system, named 3MIC, tumor cells spontaneously create ischemic-like conditions, and it allows the direct visualization of tumor-stroma interactions with high spatial and temporal resolution. We studied how 3D tumor spheroids evolve in the 3MIC when cultured under different metabolic environments and in the presence or absence of stromal cells. Consistent with previous experimental and clinical data, we show that ischemic environments increase cell migration and invasion. Importantly, the 3MIC allowed us to directly observe the emergence of these pro-metastatic features with single-cell resolution allowing us to track how changes in tumor motility were modulated by macrophages and endothelial cells. With these tools, we determined that the acidification of the extracellular media was more important than hypoxia in the induction of pro-metastatic tumor features. We also illustrate how the 3MIC can be used to test the effects of anti-metastatic drugs on cells experiencing different metabolic conditions. Overall, the 3MIC allows us to directly observe the emergence of metastatic tumor features in a physiologically relevant model of the tumor microenvironment. This simple and cost-effective system can dissect the complexity of the tumor microenvironment to test perturbations that may prevent tumors from becoming metastatic.
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Wang G, Mao X, Wang W, Wang X, Li S, Wang Z. Bioprinted research models of urological malignancy. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2024; 4:20230126. [PMID: 39175884 PMCID: PMC11335473 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20230126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Urological malignancy (UM) is among the leading threats to health care worldwide. Recent years have seen much investment in fundamental UM research, including mechanistic investigation, early diagnosis, immunotherapy, and nanomedicine. However, the results are not fully satisfactory. Bioprinted research models (BRMs) with programmed spatial structures and functions can serve as powerful research tools and are likely to disrupt traditional UM research paradigms. Herein, a comprehensive review of BRMs of UM is presented. It begins with a brief introduction and comparison of existing UM research models, emphasizing the advantages of BRMs, such as modeling real tissues and organs. Six kinds of mainstream bioprinting techniques used to fabricate such BRMs are summarized with examples. Thereafter, research advances in the applications of UM BRMs, such as culturing tumor spheroids and organoids, modeling cancer metastasis, mimicking the tumor microenvironment, constructing organ chips for drug screening, and isolating circulating tumor cells, are comprehensively discussed. At the end of this review, current challenges and future development directions of BRMs and UM are highlighted from the perspective of interdisciplinary science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyi Wang
- Department of UrologyCancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related DiseaseTaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences)Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiongmin Mao
- Department of UrologyCancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Wang Wang
- Department of UrologyCancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Lewis Katz School of MedicineTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of UrologyCancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Zijian Wang
- Department of UrologyCancer Precision Diagnosis and Treatment and Translational Medicine Hubei Engineering Research CenterZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immune Related DiseaseTaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences)Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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Zhou H, Mao B, Guo S. Mathematical Modeling of Tumor Growth in Preclinical Mouse Models with Applications in Biomarker Discovery and Drug Mechanism Studies. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:2267-2281. [PMID: 39099194 PMCID: PMC11360417 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-24-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Oncology drug efficacy is evaluated in mouse models by continuously monitoring tumor volumes, which can be mathematically described by growth kinetic models. Although past studies have investigated various growth models, their reliance on small datasets raises concerns about whether their findings are truly representative of tumor growth in diverse mouse models under different vehicle or drug treatments. In this study, we systematically evaluated six parametric models (exponential, exponential quadratic, monomolecular, logistic, Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy) and the semiparametric generalized additive model (GAM) on fitting tumor volume data from more than 30,000 mice in 930 experiments conducted in patient-derived xenografts, cell line-derived xenografts, and syngeneic models. We found that the exponential quadratic model is the best parametric model and can adequately model 87% studies, higher than other models including von Bertalanffy (82%) and Gompertz (80%) models; the latter is often considered the standard growth model. At the mouse group level, 7.5% of growth data could not be fit by any parametric model and were fitted by GAM. We show that endpoint gain integrated in time, a GAM-derived efficacy metric, is equivalent to exponential growth rate, a metric we previously proposed and conveniently calculated by simple algebra. Using five studies on paclitaxel, anti-PD1 antibody, cetuximab, irinotecan, and sorafenib, we showed that exponential and exponential quadratic models achieve similar performance in uncovering drug mechanism and biomarkers. We also compared exponential growth rate-based association analysis and exponential modeling approach in biomarker discovery and found that they complement each other. Modeling methods herein are implemented in an open-source R package freely available at https://github.com/hjzhou988/TuGroMix. SIGNIFICANCE We present a general strategy for mathematically modeling tumor growth in mouse models using data from 30,000 mice and show that modeling and nonmodeling approaches are complementary in biomarker discovery and drug mechanism studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sheng Guo
- Crown Bioscience Inc., Suzhou, China
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4
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Sundi PRIO, Thipe VC, Omar MA, Adelusi TI, Gedefa J, Olaoba OT. Preclinical human and murine models of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102418. [PMID: 39004339 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2024.102418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent liver cancer, which account for more than 90 % of all liver cancer cases. It is the fifth leading cause of cancer globally and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men. The availability of competent HCC preclinical models is fundamental to the success of mechanistic studies, molecular target identification, and drug testing. However, there are challenges associated with the use of these models. In this review, we provided updates on various cell lines, animals, and human HCC models, their specific preclinic use and associated potential challenges. Overall, the understanding of the merits and demerits of a particular HCC model will improve model selection for various preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pharidah Rajan Ibrahim Omar Sundi
- Lusaka Apex Medical University, Off Mumbwa Road, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; Pan African Organization for Health, Education and Research (POHER), United States
| | - Velaphi C Thipe
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology and Cancer Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | | | | | - Jalene Gedefa
- Collage of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | - Olamide T Olaoba
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Yang J, Butti R, Cohn S, Toffessi-Tcheuyap V, Mal A, Nguyen M, Stevens C, Christie A, Mishra A, Ma Y, Kim J, Abraham R, Kapur P, Hammer RE, Brugarolas J. Unconventional mechanism of action and resistance to rapalogs in renal cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310793121. [PMID: 38861592 PMCID: PMC11194491 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310793121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
mTORC1 is aberrantly activated in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and is targeted by rapalogs. As for other targeted therapies, rapalogs clinical utility is limited by the development of resistance. Resistance often results from target mutation, but mTOR mutations are rarely found in RCC. As in humans, prolonged rapalog treatment of RCC tumorgrafts (TGs) led to resistance. Unexpectedly, explants from resistant tumors became sensitive both in culture and in subsequent transplants in mice. Notably, resistance developed despite persistent mTORC1 inhibition in tumor cells. In contrast, mTORC1 became reactivated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). To test the role of the TME, we engineered immunocompromised recipient mice with a resistance mTOR mutation (S2035T). Interestingly, TGs became resistant to rapalogs in mTORS2035T mice. Resistance occurred despite mTORC1 inhibition in tumor cells and could be induced by coculturing tumor cells with mutant fibroblasts. Thus, enforced mTORC1 activation in the TME is sufficient to confer resistance to rapalogs. These studies highlight the importance of mTORC1 inhibition in nontumor cells for rapalog antitumor activity and provide an explanation for the lack of mTOR resistance mutations in RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yang
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
| | - Ramesh Butti
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
| | - Shannon Cohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78723
| | - Vanina Toffessi-Tcheuyap
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
| | - Arijit Mal
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
| | - Mylinh Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8816
| | - Christina Stevens
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
| | - Alana Christie
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
| | - Akhilesh Mishra
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
| | - Yuanqing Ma
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
| | - Jiwoong Kim
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8821
| | - Robert Abraham
- Oncology R&D Group, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, San Diego, CA92121
| | - Payal Kapur
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-9234
| | - Robert E. Hammer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8816
| | - James Brugarolas
- Kidney Cancer Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390-8852
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Iyer K, Ivanov J, Tenchov R, Ralhan K, Rodriguez Y, Sasso JM, Scott S, Zhou QA. Emerging Targets and Therapeutics in Immuno-Oncology: Insights from Landscape Analysis. J Med Chem 2024; 67:8519-8544. [PMID: 38787632 PMCID: PMC11181335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In the ever-evolving landscape of cancer research, immuno-oncology stands as a beacon of hope, offering novel avenues for treatment. This study capitalizes on the vast repository of immuno-oncology-related scientific documents within the CAS Content Collection, totaling over 350,000, encompassing journals and patents. Through a pioneering approach melding natural language processing with the CAS indexing system, we unveil over 300 emerging concepts, depicted in a comprehensive "Trend Landscape Map". These concepts, spanning therapeutic targets, biomarkers, and types of cancers among others, are hierarchically organized into eight major categories. Delving deeper, our analysis furnishes detailed quantitative metrics showcasing growth trends over the past three years. Our findings not only provide valuable insights for guiding future research endeavors but also underscore the merit of tapping the vast and unparalleled breadth of existing scientific information to derive profound insights.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julian Ivanov
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | - Yacidzohara Rodriguez
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Janet M. Sasso
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Sabina Scott
- CAS,
A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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7
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Jin H, Yang Q, Yang J, Wang F, Feng J, Lei L, Dai M. Exploring tumor organoids for cancer treatment. APL MATERIALS 2024; 12. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0216185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
As a life-threatening chronic disease, cancer is characterized by tumor heterogeneity. This heterogeneity is associated with factors that lead to treatment failure and poor prognosis, including drug resistance, relapse, and metastasis. Therefore, precision medicine urgently needs personalized tumor models that accurately reflect the tumor heterogeneity. Currently, tumor organoid technologies are used to generate in vitro 3D tissues, which have been shown to precisely recapitulate structure, tumor microenvironment, expression profiles, functions, molecular signatures, and genomic alterations in primary tumors. Tumor organoid models are important for identifying potential therapeutic targets, characterizing the effects of anticancer drugs, and exploring novel diagnostic and therapeutic options. In this review, we describe how tumor organoids can be cultured and summarize how researchers can use them as an excellent tool for exploring cancer therapies. In addition, we discuss tumor organoids that have been applied in cancer therapy research and highlight the potential of tumor organoids to guide preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University 1 , Hangzhou 310015, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University 2 , Wenzhou 325200, China
- Ningxia Medical University 3 , Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University 4 , Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University 2 , Wenzhou 325200, China
- Ningxia Medical University 3 , Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Fangyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University 1 , Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jiayin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University 1 , Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Lanjie Lei
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Organs and Computational Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University 1 , Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Minghai Dai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University 2 , Wenzhou 325200, China
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8
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Li Z, Liu S, Gao Z, Ji L, Jiao J, Zheng N, Li X, Wang G, Qin J, Wang Y. Dynamic Proteomic Changes in Tumor and Immune Organs Reveal Systemic Immune Response to Tumor Development. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100756. [PMID: 38554776 PMCID: PMC11060955 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In orthotopic mouse tumor models, tumor progression is a complex process, involving interactions among tumor cells, host cell-derived stromal cells, and immune cells. Much attention has been focused on the tumor and its tumor microenvironment, while the host's macroenvironment including immune organs in response to tumorigenesis is poorly understood. Here, we report a temporal proteomic analysis on a subcutaneous tumor and three immune organs (LN, MLN, and spleen) collected on Days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21 after inoculation of mouse forestomach cancer cells in a syngeneic mouse model. Bioinformatics analysis identified key biological processes during distinct tumor development phases, including an initial acute immune response, the attack by the host immune system, followed by the adaptive immune activation, and the build-up of extracellular matrix. Proteomic changes in LN and spleen largely recapitulated the dynamics of the immune response in the tumor, consistent with an acute defense response on D3, adaptive immune response on D10, and immune evasion by D21. In contrast, the immune response in MLN showed a gradual and sustained activation, suggesting a delayed response from a distal immune organ. Combined analyses of tumors and host immune organs allowed the identification of potential therapeutic targets. A proof-of-concept experiment demonstrated that significant growth reduction can be achieved by dual inhibition of MEK and DDR2. Together, our temporal proteomic dataset of tumors and immune organs provides a useful resource for understanding the interaction between tumors and the immune system and has the potential for identifying new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhike Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Shuwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhouyong Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Baodi Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Child Health Care, Kunshan Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Kunshan, China
| | - Linlin Ji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Baodi Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Jiaqi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Nairen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xianju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Guangshun Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Baodi Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China.
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Lu Z, Miao X, Zhang C, Sun B, Skardal A, Atala A, Ai S, Gong J, Hao Y, Zhao J, Dai K. An osteosarcoma-on-a-chip model for studying osteosarcoma matrix-cell interactions and drug responses. Bioact Mater 2024; 34:1-16. [PMID: 38173844 PMCID: PMC10761322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Marrow niches in osteosarcoma (OS) are a specialized microenvironment that is essential for the maintenance and regulation of OS cells. However, existing animal xenograft models are plagued by variability, complexity, and high cost. Herein, we used a decellularized osteosarcoma extracellular matrix (dOsEM) loaded with extracellular vesicles from human bone marrow-derived stem cells (hBMSC-EVs) and OS cells as a bioink to construct a micro-osteosarcoma (micro-OS) through 3D printing. The micro-OS was further combined with a microfluidic system to develop into an OS-on-a-chip (OOC) with a built-in recirculating perfusion system. The OOC system successfully integrated bone marrow niches, cell‒cell and cell-matrix crosstalk, and circulation, allowing a more accurate representation of OS characteristics in vivo. Moreover, the OOC system may serve as a valuable research platform for studying OS biological mechanisms compared with traditional xenograft models and is expected to enable precise and rapid evaluation and consequently more effective and comprehensive treatments for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyan Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - XiangWan Miao
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binbin Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aleksander Skardal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Songtao Ai
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - JiaNing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqiang Hao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System, Shanghai, China
| | - Kerong Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Clinical and Translational Research Center for 3D Printing Technology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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Farage-O’Reilly SM, Cheong VS, Pickering E, Pivonka P, Bellantuono I, Kadirkamanathan V, Dall’Ara E. The loading direction dramatically affects the mechanical properties of the mouse tibia. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1335955. [PMID: 38380263 PMCID: PMC10877372 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1335955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The in vivo tibial loading mouse model has been extensively used to evaluate bone adaptation in the tibia after mechanical loading treatment. However, there is a prevailing assumption that the load is applied axially to the tibia. The aim of this in silico study was to evaluate how much the apparent mechanical properties of the mouse tibia are affected by the loading direction, by using a validated micro-finite element (micro-FE) model of mice which have been ovariectomized and exposed to external mechanical loading over a two-week period. Methods: Longitudinal micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) images were taken of the tibiae of eleven ovariectomized mice at ages 18 and 20 weeks. Six of the mice underwent a mechanical loading treatment at age 19 weeks. Micro-FE models were generated, based on the segmented micro-CT images. Three models using unitary loads were linearly combined to simulate a range of loading directions, generated as a function of the angle from the inferior-superior axis (θ, 0°-30° range, 5° steps) and the angle from the anterior-posterior axis (ϕ, 0°: anterior axis, positive anticlockwise, 0°-355° range, 5° steps). The minimum principal strain was calculated and used to estimate the failure load, by linearly scaling the strain until 10% of the nodes reached the critical strain level of -14,420 με. The apparent bone stiffness was calculated as the ratio between the axial applied force and the average displacement along the longitudinal direction, for the loaded nodes. Results: The results demonstrated a high sensitivity of the mouse tibia to the loading direction across all groups and time points. Higher failure loads were found for several loading directions (θ = 10°, ϕ 205°-210°) than for the nominal axial case (θ = 0°, ϕ = 0°), highlighting adaptation of the bone for loading directions far from the nominal axial one. Conclusion: These results suggest that in studies which use mouse tibia, the loading direction can significantly impact the failure load. Thus, the magnitude and direction of the applied load should be well controlled during the experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Mary Farage-O’Reilly
- Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Vee San Cheong
- Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Future Health Technologies Programme, Singapore-ETH Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Edmund Pickering
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter Pivonka
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ilaria Bellantuono
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Visakan Kadirkamanathan
- Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Enrico Dall’Ara
- Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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11
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Tatwavedi D, Pellagatti A, Boultwood J. Recent advances in the application of induced pluripotent stem cell technology to the study of myeloid malignancies. Adv Biol Regul 2024; 91:100993. [PMID: 37827894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2023.100993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Acquired myeloid malignancies are a spectrum of clonal disorders known to be caused by sequential acquisition of genetic lesions in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, leading to their aberrant self-renewal and differentiation. The increasing use of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology to study myeloid malignancies has helped usher a paradigm shift in approaches to disease modeling and drug discovery, especially when combined with gene-editing technology. The process of reprogramming allows for the capture of the diversity of genetic lesions and mutational burden found in primary patient samples into individual stable iPSC lines. Patient-derived iPSC lines, owing to their self-renewal and differentiation capacity, can thus be a homogenous source of disease relevant material that allow for the study of disease pathogenesis using various functional read-outs. Furthermore, genome editing technologies like CRISPR/Cas9 enable the study of the stepwise progression from normal to malignant hematopoiesis through the introduction of specific driver mutations, individually or in combination, to create isogenic lines for comparison. In this review, we survey the current use of iPSCs to model acquired myeloid malignancies including myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), acute myeloid leukemia and MDS/MPN overlap syndromes. The use of iPSCs has enabled the interrogation of the underlying mechanism of initiation and progression driving these diseases. It has also made drug testing, repurposing, and the discovery of novel therapies for these diseases possible in a high throughput setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharamveer Tatwavedi
- Blood Cancer UK Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Andrea Pellagatti
- Blood Cancer UK Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jacqueline Boultwood
- Blood Cancer UK Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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12
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Huang H, Pan Y, Huang J, Zhang C, Liao Y, Du Q, Qin S, Chen Y, Tan H, Chen M, Xu M, Xia M, Liu Y, Li J, Liu T, Zou Q, Zhou Y, Yuan L, Wang W, Liang Y, Pan CY, Liu J, Yao S. Patient-derived organoids as personalized avatars and a potential immunotherapy model in cervical cancer. iScience 2023; 26:108198. [PMID: 38026204 PMCID: PMC10679865 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer remains a significant health issue in developing countries. However, finding a preclinical model that accurately reproduces tumor characteristics is challenging. Therefore, we established a patient-derived organoids (PDOs) biobank containing 67 cases of heterogeneous cervical cancer that mimic the histopathological and genomic characteristics of parental tumors. The in vitro response of the organoids indicated their ability to capture the radiological heterogeneity of the patients. To model individual responses to adoptive T cell therapy (ACT), we expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) ex vivo and co-cultured them with paired organoids. The PDOs-TILs co-culture system demonstrates clear responses that correspond to established immunotherapy efficiency markers like the proportion of CTLs. This study supports the potential of the PDOs platform to guide treatment in prospective interventional trials in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuwen Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaming Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuandong Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiqiao Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuhang Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yili Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Manman Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunyun Liu
- Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaojian Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yijia Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanchun Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao yun Pan
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Junxiu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuzhong Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
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13
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Barachini S, Morelli M, Santonocito OS, Mazzanti CM. Preclinical glioma models in neuro-oncology: enhancing translational research. Curr Opin Oncol 2023; 35:536-542. [PMID: 37820088 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Gliomas represent approximately 25% of all primary brain and other central nervous system (CNS) tumors and 81% of malignant tumors. Unfortunately, standard treatment approaches for most CNS cancers have shown limited improvement in patient survival rates. RECENT FINDINGS The current drug development process has been plagued by high failure rates, leading to a shift towards human disease models in biomedical research. Unfortunately, suitable preclinical models for brain tumors have been lacking, hampering our understanding of tumor initiation processes and the discovery of effective treatments. In this review, we will explore the diverse preclinical models employed in neuro-oncology research and their contributions to translational science. SUMMARY By utilizing a combination of these preclinical models and fostering interdisciplinary collaborations, researchers can deepen their understanding of glioma brain tumors and develop novel therapeutic strategies to combat these devastating diseases. These models offer promising prospects for personalized and efficacious treatments for these challenging malignancies. Although it is unrealistic to fully replicate the complexity of the human body in vitro, the ultimate goal should be to achieve the closest possible resemblance to the clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Barachini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa
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14
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Blanchard R, Adjei I. Engineering the glioblastoma microenvironment with bioactive nanoparticles for effective immunotherapy. RSC Adv 2023; 13:31411-31425. [PMID: 37901257 PMCID: PMC10603567 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01153d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
While immunotherapies have revolutionized treatment for other cancers, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients have not shown similar positive responses. The limited response to immunotherapies is partly due to the unique challenges associated with the GBM tumor microenvironment (TME), which promotes resistance to immunotherapies, causing many promising therapies to fail. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop strategies that make the TME immune permissive to promote treatment efficacy. Bioactive nano-delivery systems, in which the nanoparticle, due to its chemical composition, provides the pharmacological function, have recently emerged as an encouraging option for enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapeutics. These systems are designed to overcome immunosuppressive mechanisms in the TME to improve the efficacy of a therapy. This review will discuss different aspects of the TME and how they impede therapy success. Then, we will summarize recent developments in TME-modifying nanotherapeutics and the in vitro models utilized to facilitate these advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Blanchard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University TX USA
| | - Isaac Adjei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University TX USA
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15
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Xiong W, Zhang X, Peng B, Zhu H, Huang L, He S. Pan-glioma analyses reveal species- and tumor-specific regulation of neuron-glioma synapse genes by lncRNAs. Front Genet 2023; 14:1218408. [PMID: 37693314 PMCID: PMC10484416 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1218408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are highly heterogeneous and aggressive. Malignant cells in gliomas can contact normal neurons through a synapse-like structure (called neuron-to-glioma synapse, NGS) to promote their proliferation, but it is unclear whether NGS gene expression and regulation show species- and tumor-specificity. This question is important in that many anti-cancer drugs are developed upon mouse models. To address this question, we conducted a pan-glioma analysis using nine scRNA-seq datasets from humans and mice. We also experimentally validated the key element of our methods and verified a key result using TCGA datasets of the same glioma types. Our analyses revealed that NGS gene expression and regulation by lncRNAs are highly species- and tumor-specific. Importantly, simian-specific lncRNAs are more involved in NGS gene regulation than lncRNAs conserved in mammals, and transgenic mouse gliomas have little in common with PDX mouse models and human gliomas in terms of NGS gene regulation. The analyses suggest that simian-specific lncRNAs are a new and rich class of potential targets for tumor-specific glioma treatment, and provide pertinent data for further experimentally and clinically exmining the targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- Bioinformatics Section, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuecong Zhang
- Bioinformatics Section, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Peng
- Bioinformatics Section, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Bioinformatics Section, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijin Huang
- Neurosurgery Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha He
- Bioinformatics Section, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Cauli E, Polidoro MA, Marzorati S, Bernardi C, Rasponi M, Lleo A. Cancer-on-chip: a 3D model for the study of the tumor microenvironment. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:53. [PMID: 37592292 PMCID: PMC10436436 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The approval of anticancer therapeutic strategies is still slowed down by the lack of models able to faithfully reproduce in vivo cancer physiology. On one hand, the conventional in vitro models fail to recapitulate the organ and tissue structures, the fluid flows, and the mechanical stimuli characterizing the human body compartments. On the other hand, in vivo animal models cannot reproduce the typical human tumor microenvironment, essential to study cancer behavior and progression. This study reviews the cancer-on-chips as one of the most promising tools to model and investigate the tumor microenvironment and metastasis. We also described how cancer-on-chip devices have been developed and implemented to study the most common primary cancers and their metastatic sites. Pros and cons of this technology are then discussed highlighting the future challenges to close the gap between the pre-clinical and clinical studies and accelerate the approval of new anticancer therapies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Cauli
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico Di Milano, Milan, Italy.
- Accelera Srl, Nerviano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Michela Anna Polidoro
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Marzorati
- Hepatobiliary Immunopathology Laboratory, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Rasponi
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Lleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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17
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Kayser C, Brauer A, Susanne S, Wandmacher AM. The challenge of making the right choice: patient avatars in the era of cancer immunotherapies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1237565. [PMID: 37638045 PMCID: PMC10449253 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1237565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies are a key therapeutic strategy to fight cancer. Diverse approaches are used to activate tumor-directed immunity and to overcome tumor immune escape. The dynamic interplay between tumor cells and their tumor(immune)microenvironment (T(I)ME) poses a major challenge to create appropriate model systems. However, those model systems are needed to gain novel insights into tumor (immune) biology and a prerequisite to accurately develop and test immunotherapeutic approaches which can be successfully translated into clinical application. Several model systems have been established and advanced into so-called patient avatars to mimic the patient´s tumor biology. All models have their advantages but also disadvantages underscoring the necessity to pay attention in defining the rationale and requirements for which the patient avatar will be used. Here, we briefly outline the current state of tumor model systems used for tumor (immune)biological analysis as well as evaluation of immunotherapeutic agents. Finally, we provide a recommendation for further development to make patient avatars a complementary tool for testing and predicting immunotherapeutic strategies for personalization of tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Kayser
- Group of Inflammatory Carcinogenesis, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Annika Brauer
- Group of Inflammatory Carcinogenesis, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebens Susanne
- Group of Inflammatory Carcinogenesis, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Anna Maxi Wandmacher
- Group of Inflammatory Carcinogenesis, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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18
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Li C, Holman JB, Shi Z, Qiu B, Ding W. On-chip modeling of tumor evolution: Advances, challenges and opportunities. Mater Today Bio 2023; 21:100724. [PMID: 37483380 PMCID: PMC10359640 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor evolution is the accumulation of various tumor cell behaviors from tumorigenesis to tumor metastasis and is regulated by the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the mechanism of solid tumor progression has not been completely elucidated, and thus, the development of tumor therapy is still limited. Recently, Tumor chips constructed by culturing tumor cells and stromal cells on microfluidic chips have demonstrated great potential in modeling solid tumors and visualizing tumor cell behaviors to exploit tumor progression. Herein, we review the methods of developing engineered solid tumors on microfluidic chips in terms of tumor types, cell resources and patterns, the extracellular matrix and the components of the TME, and summarize the recent advances of microfluidic chips in demonstrating tumor cell behaviors, including proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, migration, intravasation, extravasation and immune escape of tumor cells. We also outline the combination of tumor organoids and microfluidic chips to elaborate tumor organoid-on-a-chip platforms, as well as the practical limitations that must be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengpan Li
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Joseph Benjamin Holman
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Zhengdi Shi
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
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19
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Monti S, Truppa ME, Albanese S, Mancini M. Radiomics and Radiogenomics in Preclinical Imaging on Murine Models: A Narrative Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1204. [PMID: 37623455 PMCID: PMC10455673 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, medical imaging technologies have become increasingly significant in both clinical and preclinical research, leading to a better understanding of disease processes and the development of new diagnostic and theranostic methods. Radiomic and radiogenomic approaches have furthered this progress by exploring the relationship between imaging characteristics, genomic information, and outcomes that qualitative interpretations may have overlooked, offering valuable insights for personalized medicine. Preclinical research allows for a controlled environment where various aspects of a pathology can be replicated in animal models, providing radiomic and radiogenomic approaches with the unique opportunity to investigate the causal connection between imaging and molecular factors. The aim of this review is to present the current state of the art in the application of radiomics and radiogenomics on murine models. This review will provide a brief description of relevant articles found in the literature with a discussion on the implications and potential translational relevance of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandra Albanese
- National Research Council, Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, 80145 Naples, Italy; (S.M.); (M.E.T.); (M.M.)
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20
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White MJ, Cheatham L, Wen S, Scarfe G, Cidado J, Reimer C, Hariparsad N, Jones RDO, Drew L, McGinnity DF, Vasalou C. A PKPD Case Study: Achieving Clinically Relevant Exposures of AZD5991 in Oncology Mouse Models. AAPS J 2023; 25:66. [PMID: 37380821 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-023-00836-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Capturing human equivalent drug exposures preclinically is a key challenge in the translational process. Motivated by the need to recapitulate the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of the clinical stage Mcl-1 inhibitor AZD5991 in mice, we describe the methodology used to develop a refined mathematical model relating clinically relevant concentration profiles to efficacy. Administration routes were explored to achieve target exposures matching the clinical exposure of AZD5991. Intravenous infusion using vascular access button (VAB) technology was found to best reproduce clinical target exposures of AZD5991 in mice. Exposure-efficacy relationships were evaluated, demonstrating that dissimilar PK profiles result in differences in target engagement and efficacy outcomes. Thus, these data underscore the importance of accurately ascribing key PK metrics in the translational process to enable clinically meaningful predictions of efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J White
- AstraZeneca Research and Development Boston: AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Letitia Cheatham
- AstraZeneca Research and Development Boston: AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shenghua Wen
- AstraZeneca Research and Development Boston: AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Graeme Scarfe
- AstraZeneca Research and Development Boston: AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Justin Cidado
- AstraZeneca Research and Development Boston: AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Corinne Reimer
- AstraZeneca Research and Development Boston: AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Niresh Hariparsad
- AstraZeneca Research and Development Boston: AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rhys D O Jones
- AstraZeneca Research and Development Boston: AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lisa Drew
- AstraZeneca Research and Development Boston: AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dermot F McGinnity
- AstraZeneca Research and Development Boston: AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christina Vasalou
- AstraZeneca Research and Development Boston: AstraZeneca R&D Boston, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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Mishra S, Bhatt T, Kumar H, Jain R, Shilpi S, Jain V. Nanoconstructs for theranostic application in cancer: Challenges and strategies to enhance the delivery. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1101320. [PMID: 37007005 PMCID: PMC10050349 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1101320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoconstructs are made up of nanoparticles and ligands, which can deliver the loaded cargo at the desired site of action. Various nanoparticulate platforms have been utilized for the preparation of nanoconstructs, which may serve both diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes. Nanoconstructs are mostly used to overcome the limitations of cancer therapies, such as toxicity, nonspecific distribution of the drug, and uncontrolled release rate. The strategies employed during the design of nanoconstructs help improve the efficiency and specificity of loaded theranostic agents and make them a successful approach for cancer therapy. Nanoconstructs are designed with a sole purpose of targeting the requisite site, overcoming the barriers which hinders its right placement for desired benefit. Therefore, instead of classifying modes for delivery of nanoconstructs as actively or passively targeted systems, they are suitably classified as autonomous and nonautonomous types. At large, nanoconstructs offer numerous benefits, however they suffer from multiple challenges, too. Hence, to overcome such challenges computational modelling methods and artificial intelligence/machine learning processes are being explored. The current review provides an overview on attributes and applications offered by nanoconstructs as theranostic agent in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Tanvi Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Rupshee Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Satish Shilpi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical and Populations Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, India
| | - Vikas Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
- *Correspondence: Vikas Jain,
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22
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Tandel N, Negi S, Dalai SK, Tyagi RK. Role of natural killer and B cell interaction in inducing pathogen specific immune responses. Int Rev Immunol 2023:1-19. [PMID: 36731424 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2023.2172406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The innate lymphoid cell (ILC) system comprising of the circulating and tissue-resident cells is known to clear infectious pathogens, establish immune homeostasis as well as confer antitumor immunity. Human natural killer cells (hNKs) and other ILCs carry out mopping of the infectious pathogens and perform cytolytic activity regulated by the non-adaptive immune system. The NK cells generate immunological memory and rapid recall response tightly regulated by the adaptive immunity. The interaction of NK and B cell, and its role to induce the pathogen specific immunity is not fully understood. Hence, present article sheds light on the interaction between NK and B cells and resulting immune responses in the infectious diseases. The immune responses elicited by the NK-B cell interaction is of particular importance for developing therapeutic vaccines against the infectious pathogens. Further, experimental evidences suggest the immune-response driven by NK cell population elicits the host-specific antibodies and memory B cells. Also, recently developed humanized immune system (HIS) mice and their importance in to understanding the NK-B cell interaction and resulting pathogen specific immunity has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikunj Tandel
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Sushmita Negi
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-immunology Lab, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sarat K Dalai
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Rajeev K Tyagi
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Biomedical Parasitology and Nano-immunology Lab, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
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23
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Zhang F, Hu Q, Li B, Huang Y, Wang M, Shao S, Tang H, Yao Z, Ping Y, Liang T. A biomimetic nanodrug for enhanced chemotherapy of pancreatic tumors. J Control Release 2023; 354:835-850. [PMID: 36627026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains to be one of the highest malignant tumors due to its poor chemotherapeutic efficacy and multidrug resistance. A major reason for the failure in chemotherapy is poor drug accumulation into PDAC tumor tissues due to the overexpressed extracellular matrix (ECM) stroma, which forms a major obstacle limiting the deep tissue penetration of chemotherapeutics. Herein, we report a tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive nanodrug, based on PDAC cell membrane-coated gold nanocages (AuNCs), to co-deliver the chemotherapeutics (GEM) and nitrogen oxide (NO) donor (L-Arg) to enhance drug accumulation and reduce chemoresistance. The high glutathione (GSH) level can trigger the cleavage of the disulfide bond on nanodrug to release GEM. Moreover, the elevated ROS level could activate L-Arg to generate NO, which synergistically facilitate GEM to penetrate into deep tissues by means of vasodilation and normalization of blood vessels in the PDAC tumor tissue. In addition, AuNCs not only serve as a photothermal agent for chemotherapy, but also generate photoacoustic signals to monitor drug accumulation and distribution. As expected, the strategy demonstrates to be remarkable in treating different xenograft mice models, especially in orthotopic and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. The current study defines a useful therapeutic tool for treating PDAC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qida Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Bowen Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shiyi Shao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Honglin Tang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhuo Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuan Ping
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou 310003, China; Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China.
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24
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Al-Hamaly MA, Turner LT, Rivera-Martinez A, Rodriguez A, Blackburn JS. Zebrafish Cancer Avatars: A Translational Platform for Analyzing Tumor Heterogeneity and Predicting Patient Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2288. [PMID: 36768609 PMCID: PMC9916713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing number of available anti-cancer drugs presents a challenge for oncologists, who must choose the most effective treatment for the patient. Precision cancer medicine relies on matching a drug with a tumor's molecular profile to optimize the therapeutic benefit. However, current precision medicine approaches do not fully account for intra-tumoral heterogeneity. Different mutation profiles and cell behaviors within a single heterogeneous tumor can significantly impact therapy response and patient outcomes. Patient-derived avatar models recapitulate a patient's tumor in an animal or dish and provide the means to functionally assess heterogeneity's impact on drug response. Mouse xenograft and organoid avatars are well-established, but the time required to generate these models is not practical for clinical decision-making. Zebrafish are emerging as a time-efficient and cost-effective cancer avatar model. In this review, we highlight recent developments in zebrafish cancer avatar models and discuss the unique features of zebrafish that make them ideal for the interrogation of cancer heterogeneity and as part of precision cancer medicine pipelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majd A. Al-Hamaly
- Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40356, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Logan T. Turner
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40356, USA
| | | | - Analiz Rodriguez
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Jessica S. Blackburn
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40356, USA
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Nolan J, Pearce OMT, Screen HRC, Knight MM, Verbruggen SW. Organ-on-a-Chip and Microfluidic Platforms for Oncology in the UK. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:635. [PMID: 36765593 PMCID: PMC9913518 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ-on-chip systems are capable of replicating complex tissue structures and physiological phenomena. The fine control of biochemical and biomechanical cues within these microphysiological systems provides opportunities for cancer researchers to build complex models of the tumour microenvironment. Interest in applying organ chips to investigate mechanisms such as metastatsis and to test therapeutics has grown rapidly, and this review draws together the published research using these microfluidic platforms to study cancer. We focus on both in-house systems and commercial platforms being used in the UK for fundamental discovery science and therapeutics testing. We cover the wide variety of cancers being investigated, ranging from common carcinomas to rare sarcomas, as well as secondary cancers. We also cover the broad sweep of different matrix microenvironments, physiological mechanical stimuli and immunological effects being replicated in these models. We examine microfluidic models specifically, rather than organoids or complex tissue or cell co-cultures, which have been reviewed elsewhere. However, there is increasing interest in incorporating organoids, spheroids and other tissue cultures into microfluidic organ chips and this overlap is included. Our review includes a commentary on cancer organ-chip models being developed and used in the UK, including work conducted by members of the UK Organ-on-a-Chip Technologies Network. We conclude with a reflection on the likely future of this rapidly expanding field of oncological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Nolan
- Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Centre for Predictive In Vitro Models, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Barts Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UK
| | - Oliver M. T. Pearce
- Barts Cancer Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AD, UK
| | - Hazel R. C. Screen
- Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Centre for Predictive In Vitro Models, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Martin M. Knight
- Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Centre for Predictive In Vitro Models, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Stefaan W. Verbruggen
- Centre for Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Centre for Predictive In Vitro Models, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, INSIGNEO Institute for In Silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK
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26
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Dai J, Liu Z, Wang L, Huang G, Song S, Chen C, Wu T, Xu X, Hao C, Bian Y, Rozhkova EA, Chen Z, Yang H. A Telomerase-Activated Magnetic Resonance Imaging Probe for Consecutively Monitoring Tumor Growth Kinetics and In Situ Screening Inhibitors. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1108-1117. [PMID: 36622303 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Telomerase has long been considered as a biomarker for cancer diagnosis and a therapeutic target for drug discovery. Detecting telomerase activity in vivo could provide more direct information of tumor progression and response to drug treatment, which, however, is hampered by the lack of an effective probe that can generate an output signal without a tissue penetration depth limit. In this study, using the principle of distance-dependent magnetic resonance tuning, we constructed a telomerase-activated magnetic resonance imaging probe (TAMP) by connecting superparamagnetic ferroferric oxide nanoparticles (SPFONs) and paramagnetic Gd-DOTA (Gd(III) 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid) complexes via telomerase-responsive DNA motifs. Upon telomerase-catalyzed extension of the primer in TAMP, Gd-DOTA-conjugated oligonucleotides can be liberated from the surface of SPFONs through a DNA strand displacement reaction, restoring the T1 signal of the Gd-DOTA for a direct readout of the telomerase activity. Here we show that, by tracking telomerase activity, this probe provides consistent monitoring of tumor growth kinetics during progression and in response to drug treatment and enables in situ screening of telomerase inhibitors in whole-animal models. This study provides an alternative toolkit for cancer diagnosis, treatment response assessment, and anticancer drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junduan Dai
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - Lili Wang
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, P.R. China
| | - Guoming Huang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Sijie Song
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - Chaojie Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - Yijie Bian
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Elena A Rozhkova
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P.R. China
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27
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Frederico SC, Zhang X, Hu B, Kohanbash G. Pre-clinical models for evaluating glioma targeted immunotherapies. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1092399. [PMID: 36700223 PMCID: PMC9870312 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1092399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas have an extremely poor prognosis in both adult and pediatric patient populations as these tumors are known to grow aggressively and respond poorly to standard of care treatment. Currently, treatment for gliomas involves surgical resection followed by chemoradiation therapy. However, some gliomas, such as diffuse midline glioma, have more limited treatment options such as radiotherapy alone. Even with these interventions, the prognosis for those diagnosed with a glioma remains poor. Immunotherapy is highly effective for some cancers and there is great interest in the development of effective immunotherapies for the treatment of gliomas. Clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapies targeted to gliomas have largely failed to date, and we believe this is partially due to the poor choice in pre-clinical mouse models that are used to evaluate these immunotherapies. A key consideration in evaluating new immunotherapies is the selection of pre-clinical models that mimic the glioma-immune response in humans. Multiple pre-clinical options are currently available, each one with their own benefits and limitations. Informed selection of pre-clinical models for testing can facilitate translation of more promising immunotherapies in the clinical setting. In this review we plan to present glioma cell lines and mouse models, as well as alternatives to mouse models, that are available for pre-clinical glioma immunotherapy studies. We plan to discuss considerations of model selection that should be made for future studies as we hope this review can serve as a guide for investigators as they choose which model is best suited for their study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C. Frederico
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Xiaoran Zhang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Baoli Hu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Gary Kohanbash
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Gary Kohanbash,
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28
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Jacoberger-Foissac C, Allard B, Allard D, Stagg J. Assessing the Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Preclinical Tumor Models. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2614:151-169. [PMID: 36587125 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2914-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The identification of novel immune-related targets that can reactivate or enhance antitumor immunity is a very active field of cancer research. In this context, syngeneic tumor models are often used during the preclinical development of immunotherapies to assess their efficacy and analyze the immune system and tumor cell interaction. Here, we present the practical procedures to generate subcutaneous tumors and experimental lung metastases used to evaluate the antitumor activity of your immunotherapy of interest. We also describe a method to quantify contrasted lung metastasis burden by imaging. Finally, we present a protocol to perform orthotopic injection of breast tumor cells in the mammary fat pad followed by tumor resection for the study of spontaneous metastases and evaluation of neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Jacoberger-Foissac
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Bertrand Allard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - David Allard
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - John Stagg
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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29
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Chibaya L, Snyder J, Ruscetti M. Senescence and the tumor-immune landscape: Implications for cancer immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:827-845. [PMID: 35143990 PMCID: PMC9357237 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer therapies, including conventional chemotherapy, radiation, and molecularly targeted agents, can lead to tumor eradication through a variety of mechanisms. In addition to their effects on tumor cell growth and survival, these regimens can also influence the surrounding tumor-immune microenvironment in ways that ultimately impact therapy responses. A unique biological outcome of cancer therapy is induction of cellular senescence. Senescence is a damage-induced stress program that leads to both the durable arrest of tumor cells and remodeling the tumor-immune microenvironment through activation of a collection pleiotropic cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and proteinases known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Depending on the cancer context and the mechanism of action of the therapy, the SASP produced following therapy-induced senescence (TIS) can promote anti-tumor immunity that enhances therapeutic efficacy, or alternatively chronic inflammation that leads to therapy failure and tumor relapse. Thus, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms regulating the SASP and components necessary for robust anti-tumor immune surveillance in different cancer and therapy contexts are key to harnessing senescence for tumor control. Here we draw a roadmap to modulate TIS and its immune-stimulating features for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretah Chibaya
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jarin Snyder
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Marcus Ruscetti
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Immunology and Microbiology Program, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; Cancer Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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30
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Bian S, Dong H, Zhao L, Li Z, Chen J, Zhu X, Qiu N, Jia X, Song W, Li Z, Zheng S, Wang H, Song P. Antihypertension Nanoblockers Increase Intratumoral Perfusion of Sequential Cytotoxic Nanoparticles to Enhance Chemotherapy Efficacy against Pancreatic Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201931. [PMID: 36026578 PMCID: PMC9561769 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), one of the worst prognosis types of tumors, is characterized by dense extracellular matrix, which compresses tumor vessels and forms a physical barrier to inhibit therapeutic drug penetration and efficacy. Herein, losartan, an antihypertension agent, is applied as a tumor stroma modulator and developed into a nanosystem. A series of lipophilic losartan prodrugs are constructed by esterification of the hydroxyl group on losartan to fatty acids. Based on the self-assembly ability and hydrodynamic diameter, the losartan-linoleic acid conjugate is selected for further investigation. To improve the stability in vivo, nanoassemblies are refined with PEGylation to form losartan nanoblocker (Los NB), and administered via intravenous injection for experiments. On murine models of pancreatic cancer, Los NB shows a greater ability to remodel the tumor microenvironment than free losartan, including stromal depletion, vessel perfusion increase, and hypoxia relief. Furthermore, Los NB pretreatment remarkably enhances the accumulation and penetration of 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38)-loaded nanodrugs (SN38 NPs) in tumor tissues. Expectedly, overall therapeutic efficacy of SN38 NPs is significantly enhanced after Los NB pretreatment. Since losartan is one of the most commonly used antihypertension agents, this study may provide a potential for clinical transformation in stroma-rich PDAC treatment.
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31
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Seliger B, Al-Samadi A, Yang B, Salo T, Wickenhauser C. In vitro models as tools for screening treatment options of head and neck cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:971726. [PMID: 36160162 PMCID: PMC9489836 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.971726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Various in vitro models using primary and established 2- and 3-dimensional cultures, multicellular tumor spheroids, standardized tumor slice cultures, tumor organoids, and microfluidic systems obtained from tumor lesions/biopsies of head and neck cancer (HNC) have been employed for exploring and monitoring treatment options. All of these in vitro models are to a different degree able to capture the diversity of tumors, recapitulate the disease genetically, histologically, and functionally and retain their tumorigenic potential upon xenotransplantation. The models were used for the characterization of the malignant features of the tumors and for in vitro screens of drugs approved for the treatment of HNC, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as recently developed targeted therapies and immunotherapies, or for novel treatments not yet licensed for these tumor entities. The implementation of the best suitable model will enlarge our knowledge of the oncogenic properties of HNC, expand the drug repertoire and help to develop individually tailored treatment strategies resulting in the translation of these findings into the clinic. This review summarizes the different approaches using preclinical in vitro systems with their advantages and disadvantages and their implementation as preclinical platforms to predict disease course, evaluate biomarkers and test therapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Barbara Seliger,
| | - Ahmed Al-Samadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Research Program Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Immunology Research Program, Research Program Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Claudia Wickenhauser
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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32
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Yu J, Mu Q, Fung M, Xu X, Zhu L, Ho RJY. Challenges and opportunities in metastatic breast cancer treatments: Nano-drug combinations delivered preferentially to metastatic cells may enhance therapeutic response. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 236:108108. [PMID: 34999182 PMCID: PMC9256851 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in breast cancer treatments and related 5-year survival outcomes, metastatic breast cancer cures remain elusive. The current standard of care includes a combination of surgery, radiation therapy and drug therapy. However, even the most advanced procedures and treatments do not prevent breast cancer recurrence and metastasis. Once metastasis occurs, patient prognosis is poor. Recent elucidation of the spatiotemporal transit of metastatic cancer cells from primary tumor sites to distant sites provide an opportunity to integrate knowledge of drug disposition in our effort to enhance drug localization and exposure in cancer laden tissues . Novel technologies have been developed, but could be further refined to facilitate the distribution of drugs to target cancer cells and tissues. The purpose of this review is to highlight the challenges in metastatic breast cancer treatment and focus on novel drug combination and nanotechnology approaches to overcome the challenges. With improved definition of metastatic tissue target, directed localization and retention of multiple, pharmacologically active drugs to tissues and cells of interest may overcome the limitations in breast cancer treatment that may lead to a cure for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Qingxin Mu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Millie Fung
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Linxi Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rodney J Y Ho
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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33
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Tian C, Zheng S, Liu X, Kamei KI. Tumor-on-a-chip model for advancement of anti-cancer nano drug delivery system. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:338. [PMID: 35858898 PMCID: PMC9301849 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite explosive growth in the development of nano-drug delivery systems (NDDS) targeting tumors in the last few decades, clinical translation rates are low owing to the lack of efficient models for evaluating and predicting responses. Microfluidics-based tumor-on-a-chip (TOC) systems provide a promising approach to address these challenges. The integrated engineered platforms can recapitulate complex in vivo tumor features at a microscale level, such as the tumor microenvironment, three-dimensional tissue structure, and dynamic culture conditions, thus improving the correlation between results derived from preclinical and clinical trials in evaluating anticancer nanomedicines. The specific focus of this review is to describe recent advances in TOCs for the evaluation of nanomedicine, categorized into six sections based on the drug delivery process: circulation behavior after infusion, endothelial and matrix barriers, tumor uptake, therapeutic efficacy, safety, and resistance. We also discuss current issues and future directions for an end-use perspective of TOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutong Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army 210 Hospital, 116021, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunzhe Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinying Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ken-Ichiro Kamei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People's Republic of China. .,Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8501, Kyoto, Japan.
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Fosse V, Oldoni E, Gerardi C, Banzi R, Fratelli M, Bietrix F, Ussi A, Andreu AL, McCormack E. Evaluating Translational Methods for Personalized Medicine—A Scoping Review. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12071177. [PMID: 35887673 PMCID: PMC9324577 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12071177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of personalized medicine, through the increasing multi-omics characterization of disease, brings new challenges to disease modeling. The scope of this review was a broad evaluation of the relevance, validity, and predictive value of the current preclinical methodologies applied in stratified medicine approaches. Two case models were chosen: oncology and brain disorders. We conducted a scoping review, following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines, and searched PubMed, EMBASE, and relevant databases for reports describing preclinical models applied in personalized medicine approaches. A total of 1292 and 1516 records were identified from the oncology and brain disorders search, respectively. Quantitative and qualitative synthesis was performed on a final total of 63 oncology and 94 brain disorder studies. The complexity of personalized approaches highlights the need for more sophisticated biological systems to assess the integrated mechanisms of response. Despite the progress in developing innovative and complex preclinical model systems, the currently available methods need to be further developed and validated before their potential in personalized medicine endeavors can be realized. More importantly, we identified underlying gaps in preclinical research relating to the relevance of experimental models, quality assessment practices, reporting, regulation, and a gap between preclinical and clinical research. To achieve a broad implementation of predictive translational models in personalized medicine, these fundamental deficits must be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibeke Fosse
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway;
- Correspondence:
| | - Emanuela Oldoni
- EATRIS ERIC, European Infrastructure for Translational Medicine, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.O.); (F.B.); (A.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Chiara Gerardi
- Centre for Health Regulatory Policies, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Rita Banzi
- Centre for Health Regulatory Policies, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy; (C.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Maddalena Fratelli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy;
| | - Florence Bietrix
- EATRIS ERIC, European Infrastructure for Translational Medicine, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.O.); (F.B.); (A.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Anton Ussi
- EATRIS ERIC, European Infrastructure for Translational Medicine, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.O.); (F.B.); (A.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Antonio L. Andreu
- EATRIS ERIC, European Infrastructure for Translational Medicine, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (E.O.); (F.B.); (A.U.); (A.L.A.)
| | - Emmet McCormack
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway;
- Centre for Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Science, The University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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Lenders V, Escudero R, Koutsoumpou X, Armengol Álvarez L, Rozenski J, Soenen SJ, Zhao Z, Mitragotri S, Baatsen P, Allegaert K, Toelen J, Manshian BB. Modularity of RBC hitchhiking with polymeric nanoparticles: testing the limits of non-covalent adsorption. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:333. [PMID: 35842697 PMCID: PMC9287723 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) hitchhiking has great potential in enhancing drug therapy, by improving targeting and reducing rapid clearance of nanoparticles (NPs). However, to improve the potential for clinical translation of RBC hitchhiking, a more thorough understanding of the RBC-NP interface is needed. Here, we evaluate the effects of NP surface parameters on the success and biocompatibility of NP adsorption to extracted RBCs from various species. Major differences in RBC characteristics between rabbit, mouse and human were proven to significantly impact NP adsorption outcomes. Additionally, the effects of NP design parameters, including NP hydrophobicity, zeta potential, surfactant concentration and drug encapsulation, on RBC hitchhiking are investigated. Our studies demonstrate the importance of electrostatic interactions in balancing NP adsorption success and biocompatibility. We further investigated the effect of varying the anti-coagulant used for blood storage. The results presented here offer new insights into the parameters that impact NP adsorption on RBCs that will assist researchers in experimental design choices for using RBC hitchhiking as drug delivery strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Lenders
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Remei Escudero
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Xanthippi Koutsoumpou
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Laura Armengol Álvarez
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Jef Rozenski
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Stefaan J Soenen
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
- NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Zongmin Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA02138, USA
- Wyss Institute of Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA02115, USA
| | - Pieter Baatsen
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research Electron Microscopy Platform of the VIB Bioimaging Core, Louvain, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Karel Allegaert
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 3015, CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, B3000, Louvain, Belgium
- Leuven Child and Youth Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Jaan Toelen
- Leuven Child and Youth Institute, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Woman and Child, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000, Louvain, Belgium
| | - Bella B Manshian
- Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium.
- NanoHealth and Optical Imaging Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B3000, Louvain, Belgium.
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36
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Antonica F, Aiello G, Soldano A, Abballe L, Miele E, Tiberi L. Modeling Brain Tumors: A Perspective Overview of in vivo and Organoid Models. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:818696. [PMID: 35706426 PMCID: PMC9190727 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.818696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms that affect the central nervous system and include some of the deadliest cancers. Almost all the conventional and new treatments fail to hinder tumoral growth of the most malignant brain tumors. This is due to multiple factors, such as intra-tumor heterogeneity, the microenvironmental properties of the human brain, and the lack of reliable models to test new therapies. Therefore, creating faithful models for each tumor and discovering tailored treatments pose great challenges in the fight against brain cancer. Over the years, different types of models have been generated, and, in this review, we investigated the advantages and disadvantages of the models currently used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Antonica
- Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Brain Disorders and Cancer, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Aiello
- Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Brain Disorders and Cancer, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alessia Soldano
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Luana Abballe
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cellular and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Evelina Miele
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cellular and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Tiberi
- Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Brain Disorders and Cancer, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- *Correspondence: Luca Tiberi,
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37
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Wu Y, Wu H, Lu X, Chen Y, Zhang X, Ju J, Zhang D, Zhu B, Huang S. Development and Evaluation of Targeted Optical Imaging Probes for Image‐Guided Surgery in Head and Neck Cancer. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Haiwei Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xiaoya Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xue Zhang
- University of Jinan Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Jiandong Ju
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Baocun Zhu
- University of Jinan Jinan Shandong 250021 China
| | - Shengyun Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Shandong Provincial Hospital Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250021 China
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38
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Ha D, Kim D, Kim I, Oh Y, Kong J, Han S, Kim S. Evolutionary rewiring of regulatory networks contributes to phenotypic differences between human and mouse orthologous genes. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:1849-1863. [PMID: 35137181 PMCID: PMC8887464 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse models have been engineered to reveal the biological mechanisms of human diseases based on an assumption. The assumption is that orthologous genes underlie conserved phenotypes across species. However, genetically modified mouse orthologs of human genes do not often recapitulate human disease phenotypes which might be due to the molecular evolution of phenotypic differences across species from the time of the last common ancestor. Here, we systematically investigated the evolutionary divergence of regulatory relationships between transcription factors (TFs) and target genes in functional modules, and found that the rewiring of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) contributes to the phenotypic discrepancies that occur between humans and mice. We confirmed that the rewired regulatory networks of orthologous genes contain a higher proportion of species-specific regulatory elements. Additionally, we verified that the divergence of target gene expression levels, which was triggered by network rewiring, could lead to phenotypic differences. Taken together, a careful consideration of evolutionary divergence in regulatory networks could be a novel strategy to understand the failure or success of mouse models to mimic human diseases. To help interpret mouse phenotypes in human disease studies, we provide quantitative comparisons of gene expression profiles on our website (http://sbi.postech.ac.kr/w/RN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyeon Ha
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Donghyo Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | | | - Youngchul Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - JungHo Kong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Seong Kyu Han
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Sanguk Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
- Graduate School of Artificial Intelligence, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
- Institute of Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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39
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Jiang Y, Lin W, Zhu L. Targeted Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Blood Cancers. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041310. [PMID: 35209102 PMCID: PMC8880555 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Blood cancers are a type of liquid tumor which means cancer is present in the body fluid. Multiple myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma are the three common types of blood cancers. Chemotherapy is the major therapy of blood cancers by systemic administration of anticancer agents into the blood. However, a high incidence of relapse often happens, due to the low efficiency of the anticancer agents that accumulate in the tumor site, and therefore lead to a low survival rate of patients. This indicates an urgent need for a targeted drug delivery system to improve the safety and efficacy of therapeutics for blood cancers. In this review, we describe the current targeting strategies for blood cancers and recently investigated and approved drug delivery system formulations for blood cancers. In addition, we also discuss current challenges in the application of drug delivery systems for treating blood cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK;
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Weifeng Lin
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Sciences, Rehovot 761001, Israel;
| | - Linyi Zhu
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FY, UK
- Correspondence:
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40
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Claridge SE, Cavallo JA, Hopkins BD. Patient-Derived In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1361:215-233. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91836-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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41
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Salivary gland cancer in the setting of tumor microenvironment: Translational routes for therapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 171:103605. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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42
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Law AMK, Rodriguez de la Fuente L, Grundy TJ, Fang G, Valdes-Mora F, Gallego-Ortega D. Advancements in 3D Cell Culture Systems for Personalizing Anti-Cancer Therapies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:782766. [PMID: 34917509 PMCID: PMC8669727 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.782766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 90% of potential anti-cancer drug candidates results in translational failures in clinical trials. The main reason for this failure can be attributed to the non-accurate pre-clinical models that are being currently used for drug development and in personalised therapies. To ensure that the assessment of drug efficacy and their mechanism of action have clinical translatability, the complexity of the tumor microenvironment needs to be properly modelled. 3D culture models are emerging as a powerful research tool that recapitulates in vivo characteristics. Technological advancements in this field show promising application in improving drug discovery, pre-clinical validation, and precision medicine. In this review, we discuss the significance of the tumor microenvironment and its impact on therapy success, the current developments of 3D culture, and the opportunities that advancements that in vitro technologies can provide to improve cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M K Law
- Tumour Development Group, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura Rodriguez de la Fuente
- Tumour Development Group, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Cancer Epigenetic Biology and Therapeutics Lab, Children's Cancer Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas J Grundy
- Life Sciences, Inventia Life Science Pty Ltd, Alexandria, NSW, Australia
| | - Guocheng Fang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Fatima Valdes-Mora
- Cancer Epigenetic Biology and Therapeutics Lab, Children's Cancer Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - David Gallego-Ortega
- Tumour Development Group, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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43
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Egal ESA, Jacenik D, Soares HP, Beswick EJ. Translational challenges in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor immunotherapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188640. [PMID: 34695532 PMCID: PMC10695297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are rare types of pancreatic cancer formed from islet cells of pancreas. Clinical presentation of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors depends on both tumor progression and hormone secretion status, which generate several complications in both diagnosis and treatment. Despite numerous strategies, treatment of patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors still needs improvement. It is suggested that immune response modulation may be essential in the regulation of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor progression and patient's symptomology. Accumulating evidence indicates that immunotherapy seems to be a promising treatment option for patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Nevertheless, several challenges in pre-clinical and clinical studies are present. This review provides knowledge about microenvironment of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors including significance of cytokine and chemokine as well as specific immune cell types. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and translational challenges are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Said Abu Egal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Damian Jacenik
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, United States; Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, United States; Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Heloisa Prado Soares
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, United States.
| | - Ellen J Beswick
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, UT, Salt Lake City, United States
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44
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Arnal-Estapé A, Foggetti G, Starrett JH, Nguyen DX, Politi K. Preclinical Models for the Study of Lung Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy Development. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2021; 11:a037820. [PMID: 34518338 PMCID: PMC8634791 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Experimental preclinical models have been a cornerstone of lung cancer translational research. Work in these model systems has provided insights into the biology of lung cancer subtypes and their origins, contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie tumor progression, and revealed new therapeutic vulnerabilities. Initially patient-derived lung cancer cell lines were the main preclinical models available. The landscape is very different now with numerous preclinical models for research each with unique characteristics. These include genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and three-dimensional culture systems ("organoid" cultures). Here we review the development and applications of these models and describe their contributions to lung cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Arnal-Estapé
- Department of Pathology
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | | | | | - Don X Nguyen
- Department of Pathology
- Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology)
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Katerina Politi
- Department of Pathology
- Department of Internal Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology)
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
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45
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Matias M, Pinho JO, Penetra MJ, Campos G, Reis CP, Gaspar MM. The Challenging Melanoma Landscape: From Early Drug Discovery to Clinical Approval. Cells 2021; 10:3088. [PMID: 34831311 PMCID: PMC8621991 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is recognized as the most dangerous type of skin cancer, with high mortality and resistance to currently used treatments. To overcome the limitations of the available therapeutic options, the discovery and development of new, more effective, and safer therapies is required. In this review, the different research steps involved in the process of antimelanoma drug evaluation and selection are explored, including information regarding in silico, in vitro, and in vivo experiments, as well as clinical trial phases. Details are given about the most used cell lines and assays to perform both two- and three-dimensional in vitro screening of drug candidates towards melanoma. For in vivo studies, murine models are, undoubtedly, the most widely used for assessing the therapeutic potential of new compounds and to study the underlying mechanisms of action. Here, the main melanoma murine models are described as well as other animal species. A section is dedicated to ongoing clinical studies, demonstrating the wide interest and successful efforts devoted to melanoma therapy, in particular at advanced stages of the disease, and a final section includes some considerations regarding approval for marketing by regulatory agencies. Overall, considerable commitment is being directed to the continuous development of optimized experimental models, important for the understanding of melanoma biology and for the evaluation and validation of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Matias
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jacinta O Pinho
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria João Penetra
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Campos
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Catarina Pinto Reis
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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46
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Honkala A, Malhotra SV, Kummar S, Junttila MR. Harnessing the predictive power of preclinical models for oncology drug development. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2021; 21:99-114. [PMID: 34702990 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in understanding the molecular basis of cellular processes, identification of promising therapeutic targets and evolution of the regulatory landscape makes this an exciting and unprecedented time to be in the field of oncology drug development. However, high costs, long development timelines and steep rates of attrition continue to afflict the drug development process. Lack of predictive preclinical models is considered one of the key reasons for the high rate of attrition in oncology. Generating meaningful and predictive results preclinically requires a firm grasp of the relevant biological questions and alignment of the model systems that mirror the patient context. In doing so, the ability to conduct both forward translation, the process of implementing basic research discoveries into practice, as well as reverse translation, the process of elucidating the mechanistic basis of clinical observations, greatly enhances our ability to develop effective anticancer treatments. In this Review, we outline issues in preclinical-to-clinical translatability of molecularly targeted cancer therapies, present concepts and examples of successful reverse translation, and highlight the need to better align tumour biology in patients with preclinical model systems including tracking of strengths and weaknesses of preclinical models throughout programme development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Honkala
- Department of Cell Development & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sanjay V Malhotra
- Department of Cell Development & Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Shivaani Kummar
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA. .,Division of Hematology & Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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Parekh U, McDonald D, Dailamy A, Wu Y, Cordes T, Zhang K, Tipps A, Metallo C, Mali P. Charting oncogenicity of genes and variants across lineages via multiplexed screens in teratomas. iScience 2021; 24:103149. [PMID: 34646987 PMCID: PMC8496177 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Deconstructing tissue-specific effects of genes and variants on proliferation is critical to understanding cellular transformation and systematically selecting cancer therapeutics. This requires scalable methods for multiplexed genetic screens tracking fitness across time, across lineages, and in a suitable niche, since physiological cues influence functional differences. Towards this, we present an approach, coupling single-cell cancer driver screens in teratomas with hit enrichment by serial teratoma reinjection, to simultaneously screen drivers across multiple lineages in vivo. Using this system, we analyzed population shifts and lineage-specific enrichment for 51 cancer associated genes and variants, profiling over 100,000 cells spanning over 20 lineages, across two rounds of serial reinjection. We confirmed that c-MYC alone or combined with myristoylated AKT1 potently drives proliferation in progenitor neural lineages, demonstrating signatures of malignancy. Additionally, mutant MEK1 S218D/S222D provides a proliferative advantage in mesenchymal lineages like fibroblasts. Our method provides a powerful platform for multi-lineage longitudinal study of oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udit Parekh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Daniella McDonald
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Amir Dailamy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Thekla Cordes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Ann Tipps
- School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Christian Metallo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
- Salk Institute of Biological Studies, La Jolla, USA
| | - Prashant Mali
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
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Carboplatin response in preclinical models for ovarian cancer: comparison of 2D monolayers, spheroids, ex vivo tumors and in vivo models. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18183. [PMID: 34521878 PMCID: PMC8440566 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97434-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecological cancer. Among the key challenges in developing effective therapeutics is the poor translation of preclinical models used in the drug discovery pipeline. This leaves drug attrition rates and costs at an unacceptably high level. Previous work has highlighted the discrepancies in therapeutic response between current in vitro and in vivo models. To address this, we conducted a comparison study to differentiate the carboplatin chemotherapy response across four different model systems including 2D monolayers, 3D spheroids, 3D ex vivo tumors and mouse xenograft models. We used six previously characterized EOC cell lines of varying chemosensitivity and performed viability assays for each model. In vivo results from the mouse model correlated with 2D response in 3/6 cell lines while they correlated with 3D spheroids and the ex vivo model in 4/6 and 5/5 cell lines, respectively. Our results emphasize the variability in therapeutic response across models and demonstrate that the carboplatin response in EOC cell lines cultured in a 3D ex vivo model correlates best with the in vivo response. These results highlight a more feasible, reliable, and cost-effective preclinical model with the highest translational potential for drug screening and prediction studies in EOC.
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Luo Z, Zhou X, Mandal K, He N, Wennerberg W, Qu M, Jiang X, Sun W, Khademhosseini A. Reconstructing the tumor architecture into organoids. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113839. [PMID: 34153370 PMCID: PMC8560135 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer remains a leading health burden worldwide. One of the challenges hindering cancer therapy development is the substantial discrepancies between the existing cancer models and the tumor microenvironment (TME) of human patients. Constructing tumor organoids represents an emerging approach to recapitulate the pathophysiological features of the TME in vitro. Over the past decade, various approaches have been demonstrated to engineer tumor organoids as in vitro cancer models, such as incorporating multiple cellular populations, reconstructing biophysical and chemical traits, and even recapitulating structural features. In this review, we focus on engineering approaches for building tumor organoids, including biomaterial-based, microfabrication-assisted, and synthetic biology-facilitated strategies. Furthermore, we summarize the applications of engineered tumor organoids in basic cancer research, cancer drug discovery, and personalized medicine. We also discuss the challenges and future opportunities in using tumor organoids for broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Luo
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xingwu Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kalpana Mandal
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Na He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wally Wennerberg
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Moyuan Qu
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, and Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xing Jiang
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; School of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wujin Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA.
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, California NanoSystems Institute and Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Durán-Lobato M, López-Estévez AM, Cordeiro AS, Dacoba TG, Crecente-Campo J, Torres D, Alonso MJ. Nanotechnologies for the delivery of biologicals: Historical perspective and current landscape. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113899. [PMID: 34314784 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biological macromolecule-based therapeutics irrupted in the pharmaceutical scene generating a great hope due to their outstanding specificity and potency. However, given their susceptibility to degradation and limited capacity to overcome biological barriers new delivery technologies had to be developed for them to reach their targets. This review aims at analyzing the historical seminal advances that shaped the development of the protein/peptide delivery field, along with the emerging technologies on the lead of the current landscape. Particularly, focus is made on technologies with a potential for transmucosal systemic delivery of protein/peptide drugs, followed by approaches for the delivery of antigens as new vaccination strategies, and formulations of biological drugs in oncology, with special emphasis on mAbs. Finally, a discussion of the key challenges the field is facing, along with an overview of prospective advances are provided.
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