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Habibizadeh M, Lotfollahzadeh S, Mahdavi P, Mohammadi S, Tavallaei O. Nanoparticle-mediated gene delivery of TRAIL to resistant cancer cells: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36057. [PMID: 39247341 PMCID: PMC11379606 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), also known as APO2L, has emerged as a highly potential anticancer agent because of its capacity to effectively trigger apoptosis in tumor cells by specifically binding to either of its death receptors (DR4 or DR5) while having no adverse effects on normal cells. Nevertheless, its practical use has been hindered by its inefficient pharmacokinetics characteristics, the challenges involved in its administration and delivery to targeted cells, and the resistance exhibited by most cancer cells towards TRAIL. Gene therapy, as a promising approach would be able to potentially circumvent TRAIL-based cancer therapy challenges mainly through localized TRAIL expression and generating a bystander impact. Among different strategies, using nanoparticles in TRAIL gene delivery allows for precise targeting, and overcoming TRAIL resistance by combination therapy. In this review, we go over potential mechanisms by which cancer cells achieve resistance to TRAIL and provide an overview of different carriers for delivering of the TRAIL gene to resistant cancer cells, focusing on different types of nanoparticles utilized in this context. We will also explore the challenges, and investigate future perspectives of this nanomedicine approach for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Habibizadeh
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shima Lotfollahzadeh
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parisa Mahdavi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soheila Mohammadi
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Omid Tavallaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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2
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Shi L, Lu J, Xia X, Liu X, Li H, Li X, Zhu J, Li X, Sun H, Yang X. Clinically used drug arsenic trioxide targets XIAP and overcomes apoptosis resistance in an organoid-based preclinical cancer model. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8311-8322. [PMID: 38846391 PMCID: PMC11151819 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01294a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance in tumor cells remains a persistent clinical challenge in the pursuit of effective anticancer therapy. XIAP, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, suppresses apoptosis via its Baculovirus IAP Repeat (BIR) domains and is responsible for drug resistance in various human cancers. Therefore, XIAP has attracted significant attention as a potential therapeutic target. However, no XIAP inhibitor is available for clinical use to date. In this study, we surprisingly observed that arsenic trioxide (ATO) induced a rapid depletion of XIAP in different cancer cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that arsenic attacked the cysteine residues of BIR domains and directly bound to XIAP, resulting in the release of zinc ions from this protein. Arsenic-XIAP binding suppressed the normal anti-apoptosis functions of BIR domains, and led to the ubiquitination-dependent degradation of XIAP. Importantly, we further demonstrate that arsenic sensitized a variety of apoptosis-resistant cancer cells, including patient-derived colon cancer organoids, to the chemotherapy drug using cisplatin as a showcase. These findings suggest that targeting XIAP with ATO offers an attractive strategy for combating apoptosis-resistant cancers in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwa Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519000 China
| | - Jing Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519000 China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Xin Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519000 China
| | - Xue Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519000 China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Department of Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Xinghua Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519000 China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China
| | - Hongzhe Sun
- Department of Chemistry, CAS-HKU Joint Laboratory of Metallomics on Health and Environment, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Xinming Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao University Joint Laboratory of Interventional Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519000 China
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3
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Kim J, Shim MK, Moon Y, Kim J, Cho H, Yun WS, Shim N, Seong JK, Lee Y, Lim DK, Kim K. Cancer cell-specific and pro-apoptotic SMAC peptide-doxorubicin conjugated prodrug encapsulated aposomes for synergistic cancer immunotherapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:109. [PMID: 38481326 PMCID: PMC10938764 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02314-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a crucial approach to turn immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) into immune-responsive milieu and improve the response rate of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. However, cancer cells show resistance to ICD-inducing chemotherapeutic drugs, and non-specific toxicity of those drugs against immune cells reduce the immunotherapy efficiency. METHODS Herein, we propose cancer cell-specific and pro-apoptotic liposomes (Aposomes) encapsulating second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases mimetic peptide (SMAC-P)-doxorubicin (DOX) conjugated prodrug to potentiate combinational ICB therapy with ICD. The SMAC-P (AVPIAQ) with cathepsin B-cleavable peptide (FRRG) was directly conjugated to DOX, and the resulting SMAC-P-FRRG-DOX prodrug was encapsulated into PEGylated liposomes. RESULTS The SMAC-P-FRRG-DOX encapsulated PEGylated liposomes (Aposomes) form a stable nanostructure with an average diameter of 109.1 ± 5.14 nm and promote the apoptotic cell death mainly in cathepsin B-overexpressed cancer cells. Therefore, Aposomes induce a potent ICD in targeted cancer cells in synergy of SMAC-P with DOX in cultured cells. In colon tumor models, Aposomes efficiently accumulate in targeted tumor tissues via enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and release the encapsulated prodrug of SMAC-P-FRRG-DOX, which is subsequently cleaved to SMAC-P and DOX in cancer cells. Importantly, the synergistic activity of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs)-inhibitory SMAC-P sensitizing the effects of DOX induces a potent ICD in the cancer cells to promote dendritic cell (DC) maturation and stimulate T cell proliferation and activation, turning ITM into immune-responsive milieu. CONCLUSIONS Eventually, the combination of Aposomes with anti-PD-L1 antibody results in a high rate of complete tumor regression (CR: 80%) and also prevent the tumor recurrence by immunological memory established during treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Kyu Shim
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujeong Moon
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongrae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanhee Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Su Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeon Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Kyung Seong
- Department of Bioengineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kwon Lim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Gu Y, Wu L, Hameed Y, Nabi-Afjadi M. Overcoming the challenge: cell-penetrating peptides and membrane permeability. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSENSORS 2023; 2. [DOI: 10.58567/bab02010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
<p>Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have emerged as a promising strategy for enhancing the membrane permeability of bioactive molecules, particularly in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. CPPs possess the ability to deliver a diverse array of bioactive molecules into cells using either covalent or non-covalent approaches, with a preference for non-covalent methods to preserve the biological activity of the transported molecules. By effectively traversing various physiological barriers, CPPs have exhibited significant potential in preclinical and clinical drug development. The discovery of CPPs represents a valuable solution to the challenge of limited membrane permeability of bioactive molecules and will continue to exert a crucial influence on the field of biomedical science.</p>
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gu
- The Statistics Department, The George Washington University, Washington, United States
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, United States
| | - Yasir Hameed
- Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Pimentel JM, Zhou JY, Wu GS. The Role of TRAIL in Apoptosis and Immunosurveillance in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2752. [PMID: 37345089 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF superfamily that selectively induces apoptosis in tumor cells without harming normal cells, making it an attractive agent for cancer therapy. TRAIL induces apoptosis by binding to and activating its death receptors DR4 and DR5. Several TRAIL-based treatments have been developed, including recombinant forms of TRAIL and its death receptor agonist antibodies, but the efficacy of TRAIL-based therapies in clinical trials is modest. In addition to inducing cancer cell apoptosis, TRAIL is expressed in immune cells and plays a critical role in tumor surveillance. Emerging evidence indicates that the TRAIL pathway may interact with immune checkpoint proteins, including programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), to modulate PD-L1-based tumor immunotherapies. Therefore, understanding the interaction between TRAIL and the immune checkpoint PD-L1 will lead to the development of new strategies to improve TRAIL- and PD-L1-based therapies. This review discusses recent findings on TRAIL-based therapy, resistance, and its involvement in tumor immunosurveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio M Pimentel
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jun-Ying Zhou
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Gen Sheng Wu
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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6
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Menevse AN, Ammer LM, Vollmann-Zwerenz A, Kupczyk M, Lorenz J, Weidner L, Hussein A, Sax J, Mühlbauer J, Heuschneider N, Rohrmus C, Mai LS, Jachnik B, Stamova S, Volpin V, Durst FC, Sorrentino A, Xydia M, Milenkovic VM, Bader S, Braun FK, Wetzel C, Albert NL, Tonn JC, Bartenstein P, Proescholdt M, Schmidt NO, Linker RA, Riemenschneider MJ, Beckhove P, Hau P. TSPO acts as an immune resistance gene involved in the T cell mediated immune control of glioblastoma. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:75. [PMID: 37158962 PMCID: PMC10165826 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01550-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) IDH-wildtype is the most malignant primary brain tumor. It is particularly resistant to current immunotherapies. Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) is upregulated in GB and correlates with malignancy and poor prognosis, but also with increased immune infiltration. Here, we studied the role of TSPO in the regulation of immune resistance of human GB cells. The role of TSPO in tumor immune resistance was experimentally determined in primary brain tumor initiating cells (BTICs) and cell lines through genetic manipulation of TSPO expression and subsequent cocultures with antigen specific cytotoxic T cells and autologous tumor-infiltrating T cells. Death inducing intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways affected by TSPO were investigated. TSPO-regulated genes mediating apoptosis resistance in BTICs were identified through gene expression analysis and subsequent functional analyses. TSPO transcription in primary GB cells correlated with CD8+ T cell infiltration, cytotoxic activity of T cell infiltrate, expression of TNFR and IFNGR and with the activity of their downstream signalling pathways, as well as with the expression of TRAIL receptors. Coculture of BTICs with tumor reactive cytotoxic T cells or with T cell-derived factors induced TSPO up-regulation through T cell derived TNFα and IFNγ. Silencing of TSPO sensitized BTICs against T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. TSPO selectively protected BTICs against TRAIL-induced apoptosis by regulating apoptosis pathways. TSPO also regulated the expression of multiple genes associated with resistance against apoptosis. We conclude that TSPO expression in GB is induced through T cell-derived cytokines TNFα and IFNγ and that TSPO expression protects GB cells against cytotoxic T cell attack through TRAIL. Our data thereby provide an indication that therapeutic targeting of TSPO may be a suitable approach to sensitize GB to immune cell-mediated cytotoxicity by circumventing tumor intrinsic TRAIL resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse N Menevse
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Laura-Marie Ammer
- Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Arabel Vollmann-Zwerenz
- Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marcell Kupczyk
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julia Lorenz
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lorraine Weidner
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Abir Hussein
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Julian Sax
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Mühlbauer
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Heuschneider
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Celine Rohrmus
- Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Laura S Mai
- Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Jachnik
- Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Slava Stamova
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Valentina Volpin
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Franziska C Durst
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Antonio Sorrentino
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria Xydia
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir M Milenkovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Molecular Neurosciences, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bader
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Molecular Neurosciences, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Frank K Braun
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christian Wetzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Molecular Neurosciences, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nathalie L Albert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Joerg-Christian Tonn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Proescholdt
- Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nils O Schmidt
- Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf A Linker
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Beckhove
- Division of Interventional Immunology, Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
- LIT - Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (former RCI), c/o Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Peter Hau
- Wilhelm Sander-NeuroOncology Unit and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
- Department of Neurology -NeuroOncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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7
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Shang E, Nguyen TTT, Westhoff MA, Karpel-Massler G, Siegelin MD. Targeting cellular respiration as a therapeutic strategy in glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2023; 14:419-425. [PMID: 37141415 PMCID: PMC10159369 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While glycolysis is abundant in malignancies, mitochondrial metabolism is significant as well. Mitochondria harbor the enzymes relevant for cellular respiration, which is a critical pathway for both regeneration of reduction equivalents and energy production in the form of ATP. The oxidation of NADH2 and FADH2 are fundamental since NAD and FAD are the key components of the TCA-cycle that is critical to entertain biosynthesis in cancer cells. The TCA-cycle itself is predominantly fueled through carbons from glucose, glutamine, fatty acids and lactate. Targeting mitochondrial energy metabolism appears feasible through several drug compounds that activate the CLPP protein or interfere with NADH-dehydrogenase, pyruvate-dehydrogenase, enzymes of the TCA-cycle and mitochondrial matrix chaperones. While these compounds have demonstrated anti-cancer effects in vivo, recent research suggests which patients most likely benefit from such treatments. Here, we provide a brief overview of the status quo of targeting mitochondrial energy metabolism in glioblastoma and highlight a novel combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyuan Shang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bronx Community College, City University of New York, NY 10453, USA
| | - Trang Thi Thu Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mike-Andrew Westhoff
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | | | - Markus D Siegelin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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8
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Di Cristofano F, George A, Tajiknia V, Ghandali M, Wu L, Zhang Y, Srinivasan P, Strandberg J, Hahn M, Sanchez Sevilla Uruchurtu A, Seyhan AA, Carneiro BA, Zhou L, Huntington KE, El-Deiry WS. Therapeutic targeting of TRAIL death receptors. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:57-70. [PMID: 36629496 PMCID: PMC9988005 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) along with its potent and selective antitumor effects initiated a decades-long search for therapeutic strategies to target the TRAIL pathway. First-generation approaches were focused on the development of TRAIL receptor agonists (TRAs), including recombinant human TRAIL (rhTRAIL) and TRAIL receptor-targeted agonistic antibodies. While such TRAIL pathway-targeted therapies showed promise in preclinical data and clinical trials have been conducted, none have advanced to FDA approval. Subsequent second-generation approaches focused on improving upon the specific limitations of first-generation approaches by ameliorating the pharmacokinetic profiles and agonistic abilities of TRAs as well as through combinatorial approaches to circumvent resistance. In this review, we summarize the successes and shortcomings of first- and second-generation TRAIL pathway-based therapies, concluding with an overview of the discovery and clinical introduction of ONC201, a compound with a unique mechanism of action that represents a new generation of TRAIL pathway-based approaches. We discuss preclinical and clinical findings in different tumor types and provide a unique perspective on translational directions of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Cristofano
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Andrew George
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Vida Tajiknia
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Maryam Ghandali
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Laura Wu
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Praveen Srinivasan
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Jillian Strandberg
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Marina Hahn
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Ashley Sanchez Sevilla Uruchurtu
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Attila A. Seyhan
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Benedito A. Carneiro
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Lanlan Zhou
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Kelsey E. Huntington
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
| | - Wafik S. El-Deiry
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Experimental Cancer Therapeutics, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- The Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and the Lifespan Health System, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Pathobiology Graduate Program, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
- Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, U.S.A
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9
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Advances in Molecular Regulation of Prostate Cancer Cells by Top Natural Products of Malaysia. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1536-1567. [PMID: 36826044 PMCID: PMC9954984 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains both a global health burden and a scientific challenge. We present a review of the molecular targets driving current drug discovery to fight this disease. Moreover, the preventable nature of most PCa cases represents an opportunity for phytochemicals as chemopreventive when adequately integrated into nutritional interventions. With a renovated interest in natural remedies as a commodity and their essential role in cancer drug discovery, Malaysia is looking towards capitalizing on its mega biodiversity, which includes the oldest rainforest in the world and an estimated 1200 medicinal plants. We here explore whether the list of top Malay plants prioritized by the Malaysian government may fulfill the potential of becoming newer, sustainable sources of prostate cancer chemotherapy. These include Andrographis paniculate, Centella asiatica, Clinacanthus nutans, Eurycoma longifolia, Ficus deltoidea, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Marantodes pumilum (syn. Labisia pumila), Morinda citrifolia, Orthosiphon aristatus, and Phyllanthus niruri. Our review highlights the importance of resistance factors such as Smac/DIABLO in cancer progression, the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in cancer metastasis, and the regulation of PCa cells by some promising terpenes (andrographolide, Asiatic acid, rosmarinic acid), flavonoids (isovitexin, gossypin, sinensetin), and alkylresorcinols (labisiaquinones) among others.
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10
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Di Benedetto C, Khan T, Serrano-Saenz S, Rodriguez-Lemus A, Klomsiri C, Beutel TM, Thach A, Walczak H, Betancur P. Enhancer Clusters Drive Type I Interferon-Induced TRAIL Overexpression in Cancer, and Its Intracellular Protein Accumulation Fails to Induce Apoptosis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:967. [PMID: 36765925 PMCID: PMC9913803 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a cytokine produced and secreted by immune cells in response to an infection, often in response to interferon (IFN) stimulation. In cancer, it has also been shown that IFN stimulates the production of TRAIL, and it has been proposed that this TRAIL can induce apoptosis in an autocrine or paracrine manner in different cancer cells. Yet, the mechanism mediating TRAIL upregulation and the implications of TRAIL as an apoptotic molecule in cancer cells are still poorly understood. We show here that in certain cancer cells, TRAIL is upregulated by enhancer clusters, potent genomic regulatory regions containing densely packed enhancers that have combinatorial and additive activity and that are usually found to be associated with cancer-promoting genes. Moreover, we found that TRAIL upregulation by IFNα is mediated by these enhancer clusters in breast and lung cancer cells. Surprisingly, IFNα stimulation leads to the intracellular accumulation of TRAIL protein in these cancer cells. Consequently, this TRAIL is not capable of inducing apoptosis. Our study provides novel insights into the mechanism behind the interferon-mediated upregulation of TRAIL and its protein accumulation in cancer cells. Further investigation is required to understand the role of intracellular TRAIL or depict the mechanisms mediating its apoptosis impairment in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Di Benedetto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Taimoor Khan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Santiago Serrano-Saenz
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Anthony Rodriguez-Lemus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Chananat Klomsiri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Tim-Mathis Beutel
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Alysia Thach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Henning Walczak
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer, and Inflammation (CCCI), UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Paola Betancur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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11
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Saha G, Sarkar S, Mohanta PS, Kumar K, Chakrabarti S, Basu M, Ghosh MK. USP7 targets XIAP for cancer progression: Establishment of a p53-independent therapeutic avenue for glioma. Oncogene 2022; 41:5061-5075. [PMID: 36243803 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin specific peptidase 7 (USP7) is a deubiquitinating enzyme (DUB) that removes ubiquitin tags from specific target protein substrates in order to alter their degradation rate, sub-cellular localization, interaction, and activity. The induction of apoptosis upon USP7 inhibition is well established in cancer containing wild type p53, which operates through the 'USP7-Mdm2-p53' axis. However, in cancers without functional p53, USP7-dependent apoptosis is induced through many other alternative pathways. Here, we have identified another critical p53 independent path active under USP7 to regulate apoptosis. Proteomics analysis identifies XIAP as a potential target of USP7-dependent deubiquitination. GSEA analysis revealed up-regulation of apoptosis signalling upon USP7 inhibition associated with XIAP down-regulation. Modulation of USP7 expression and activity in multiple cancer cell lines showed that USP7 deubiquitinates XIAP to inhibit apoptosis in a caspase-dependent pathway, and the combinatorial inhibition of USP7 and XIAP induces apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that grade-wise accumulation of USP7 correlated with an elevated level of XIAP in glioma tissue. This is the first report on the identification and validation of XIAP as a novel substrate of USP7 and together, they involve in the empowerment of the tumorigenic potential of cancer cells by inhibiting apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Saha
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Sibani Sarkar
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Partha S Mohanta
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Krishna Kumar
- Structural Biology & Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-IICB, TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, India
| | - Saikat Chakrabarti
- Structural Biology & Bioinformatics Division, CSIR-IICB, TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, India
| | - Malini Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Dhruba Chand Halder College, South 24 Paraganas, PIN -743372, Dakshin Barasat, West Bengal, India
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata- 700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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12
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Luo W, Wang Y, Zhang T. Win or loss? Combination therapy does improve the oncolytic virus therapy to pancreatic cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:160. [PMID: 35443724 PMCID: PMC9022249 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02583-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a growing global burden, remaining one of the most lethal cancers of the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, PC is resistant to various treatments such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. New therapies are urgently needed to improve the prognosis of PC. Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy is a promising new treatment option. OV is a genetically modified virus that selectively replicates in tumor cells. It can kill tumor cells without harming normal cells. The activation of tumor-specific T-cells is a unique feature of OV-mediated therapy. However, OV-mediated mono-therapeutic efficacy remains controversial, especially for metastatic or advanced patients who require systemically deliverable therapies. Hence, combination therapies will be critical to improve the therapeutic efficacy of OV-mediated therapy and prevent tumor recurrence. This review aims to investigate novel combinatorial treatments with OV therapy and explore the inner mechanism of those combined therapies, hopefully providing a new direction for a better prognosis of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Luo
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, The Translational Medicine Center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), PUMCH, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing Street, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Clinical Immunology Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Cetraro P, Plaza-Diaz J, MacKenzie A, Abadía-Molina F. A Review of the Current Impact of Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins and Their Repression in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1671. [PMID: 35406442 PMCID: PMC8996962 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAP) family possesses the ability to inhibit programmed cell death through different mechanisms; additionally, some of its members have emerged as important regulators of the immune response. Both direct and indirect activity on caspases or the modulation of survival pathways, such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), have been implicated in mediating its effects. As a result, abnormal expression of inhibitor apoptosis proteins (IAPs) can lead to dysregulated apoptosis promoting the development of different pathologies. In several cancer types IAPs are overexpressed, while their natural antagonist, the second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspases (Smac), appears to be downregulated, potentially contributing to the acquisition of resistance to traditional therapy. Recently developed Smac mimetics counteract IAP activity and show promise in the re-sensitization to apoptosis in cancer cells. Given the modest impact of Smac mimetics when used as a monotherapy, pairing of these compounds with other treatment modalities is increasingly being explored. Modulation of molecules such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) present in the tumor microenvironment have been suggested to contribute to putative therapeutic efficacy of IAP inhibition, although published results do not show this consistently underlining the complex interaction between IAPs and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierina Cetraro
- Research and Advances in Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Julio Plaza-Diaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Alex MacKenzie
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada;
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Francisco Abadía-Molina
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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14
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Zorko M, Jones S, Langel Ü. Cell-penetrating peptides in protein mimicry and cancer therapeutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 180:114044. [PMID: 34774552 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research has been undertaken in the pursuit of anticancer therapeutics. Many anticancer drugs require specificity of delivery to cancer cells, whilst sparing healthy tissue. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), now well established as facilitators of intracellular delivery, have in recent years advanced to incorporate target specificity and thus possess great potential for the targeted delivery of anticancer cargoes. Though none have yet been approved for clinical use, this novel technology has already entered clinical trials. In this review we present CPPs, discuss their classification, mechanisms of cargo internalization and highlight strategies for conjugation to anticancer moieties including their incorporation into therapeutic proteins. As the mainstay of this review, strategies to build specificity into tumor targeting CPP constructs through exploitation of the tumor microenvironment and the use of tumor homing peptides are discussed, whilst acknowledging the extensive contribution made by CPP constructs to target specific protein-protein interactions integral to intracellular signaling pathways associated with tumor cell survival and progression. Finally, antibody/antigen CPP conjugates and their potential roles in cancer immunotherapy and diagnostics are considered. In summary, this review aims to harness the potential of CPP-aided drug delivery for future cancer therapies and diagnostics whilst highlighting some of the most recent achievements in selective delivery of anticancer drugs, including cytostatic drugs, to a range of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matjaž Zorko
- University of Ljubljana, Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sarah Jones
- University of Wolverhampton, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science & Engineering, Wulfruna Street, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK.
| | - Ülo Langel
- University of Stockholm, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Svante Arrhenius väg 16, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, Estonia 50411, Estonia.
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15
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Low-Level Endothelial TRAIL-Receptor Expression Obstructs the CNS-Delivery of Angiopep-2 Functionalised TRAIL-Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Glioblastoma. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247582. [PMID: 34946664 PMCID: PMC8706683 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant and aggressive form of glioma and is associated with a poor survival rate. Latest generation Tumour Necrosis Factor Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL)-based therapeutics potently induce apoptosis in cancer cells, including GBM cells, by binding to death receptors. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle for these biologics to enter the central nervous system (CNS). We therefore investigated if antibody-based fusion proteins that combine hexavalent TRAIL and angiopep-2 (ANG2) moieties can be developed, with ANG2 promoting receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT) across the BBB. We demonstrate that these fusion proteins retain the potent apoptosis induction of hexavalent TRAIL-receptor agonists. Importantly, blood-brain barrier cells instead remained highly resistant to this fusion protein. Binding studies indicated that ANG2 is active in these constructs but that TRAIL-ANG2 fusion proteins bind preferentially to BBB endothelial cells via the TRAIL moiety. Consequently, transport studies indicated that TRAIL-ANG2 fusion proteins can, in principle, be shuttled across BBB endothelial cells, but that low TRAIL receptor expression on BBB endothelial cells interferes with efficient transport. Our work therefore demonstrates that TRAIL-ANG2 fusion proteins remain highly potent in inducing apoptosis, but that therapeutic avenues will require combinatorial strategies, such as TRAIL-R masking, to achieve effective CNS transport.
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16
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Townsend PA, Kozhevnikova MV, Cexus ONF, Zamyatnin AA, Soond SM. BH3-mimetics: recent developments in cancer therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:355. [PMID: 34753495 PMCID: PMC8576916 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The hopeful outcomes from 30 years of research in BH3-mimetics have indeed served a number of solid paradigms for targeting intermediates from the apoptosis pathway in a variety of diseased states. Not only have such rational approaches in drug design yielded several key therapeutics, such outputs have also offered insights into the integrated mechanistic aspects of basic and clinical research at the genetics level for the future. In no other area of medical research have the effects of such work been felt, than in cancer research, through targeting the BAX-Bcl-2 protein-protein interactions. With these promising outputs in mind, several mimetics, and their potential therapeutic applications, have also been developed for several other pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular disease and tissue fibrosis, thus highlighting the universal importance of the intrinsic arm of the apoptosis pathway and its input to general tissue homeostasis. Considering such recent developments, and in a field that has generated so much scientific interest, we take stock of how the broadening area of BH3-mimetics has developed and diversified, with a focus on their uses in single and combined cancer treatment regimens and recently explored therapeutic delivery methods that may aid the development of future therapeutics of this nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Townsend
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
- University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Maria V Kozhevnikova
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russian Federation
| | - Surinder M Soond
- University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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17
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Spiesschaert B, Angerer K, Park J, Wollmann G. Combining Oncolytic Viruses and Small Molecule Therapeutics: Mutual Benefits. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3386. [PMID: 34298601 PMCID: PMC8306439 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The focus of treating cancer with oncolytic viruses (OVs) has increasingly shifted towards achieving efficacy through the induction and augmentation of an antitumor immune response. However, innate antiviral responses can limit the activity of many OVs within the tumor and several immunosuppressive factors can hamper any subsequent antitumor immune responses. In recent decades, numerous small molecule compounds that either inhibit the immunosuppressive features of tumor cells or antagonize antiviral immunity have been developed and tested for. Here we comprehensively review small molecule compounds that can achieve therapeutic synergy with OVs. We also elaborate on the mechanisms by which these treatments elicit anti-tumor effects as monotherapies and how these complement OV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Spiesschaert
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Viral Immunotherapy of Cancer, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (B.S.); (K.A.)
- Institute of Virology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- ViraTherapeutics GmbH, 6063 Rum, Austria
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach a.d. Riss, Germany;
| | - Katharina Angerer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Viral Immunotherapy of Cancer, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (B.S.); (K.A.)
- Institute of Virology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - John Park
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach a.d. Riss, Germany;
| | - Guido Wollmann
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Viral Immunotherapy of Cancer, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (B.S.); (K.A.)
- Institute of Virology, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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18
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Fan F, Yao D, Yan P, Jiang X, Hu J. MicroRNA-744-5p inhibits glioblastoma malignancy by suppressing replication factor C subunit 2. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:608. [PMID: 34188710 PMCID: PMC8227640 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor, accounting for ~57% of all gliomas and 48% of all malignant primary central nervous system tumors in the United States. Abnormal expression of the replication factor C subunit 2 (RFC2) gene and microRNA (miR)-744-5p is associated with tumorigenic characteristics, including cellular proliferation, migration and invasiveness. However, the mechanism underlying the interaction between miR-744-5p and RFC2 in GBM remains unknown. Reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR analysis of RFC2 and miR-744-5p was performed using GBM tumor tissues and cells, and the association between miR-744-5p and RFC2 was determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Cell Counting Kit 8, 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU), wound-healing and cellular adhesion assays, as well as the detection of caspase-3 activity and western blotting were used to detect cellular proliferation, migration and adhesion, caspase-3 activity, and Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression, respectively, in GBM cells. The results of the present study demonstrated that RFC2 expression was increased in GBM tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of RFC2 promoted cellular proliferation, migration, adhesion and an increase in Bcl-2 protein levels, and suppressed cellular caspase-3 activity and Bax protein expression, while silencing RFC2 resulted in the opposite effect. The effects of miR-744-5p inhibition were similar to those of RFC2 overexpression. Moreover, miR-744-5p was found to target RFC2 in GBM cells, and inhibiting the expression of RFC2 suppressed GBM tumorigenesis. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that miR-744-5p targets RFC2 and suppresses the progression of GBM by repressing cellular proliferation, migration and Bcl-2 protein expression, and effectively promoting caspase-3 activity and Bax protein expression. These findings suggest a new target for the clinical treatment and improved prognosis of patients with GBM in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Dongxiao Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of the Yangtze River Shipping, Jiangan, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, P.R. China
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19
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Simoes Eugénio M, Faurez F, Kara-Ali GH, Lagarrigue M, Uhart P, Bonnet MC, Gallais I, Com E, Pineau C, Samson M, Le Seyec J, Dimanche-Boitrel MT. TRIM21, a New Component of the TRAIL-Induced Endogenous Necrosome Complex. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:645134. [PMID: 33937329 PMCID: PMC8082149 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.645134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a well-known apoptosis inducer and a potential anticancer agent. When caspases and inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are inhibited, TRAIL induces necroptosis. Molecular mechanisms of necroptosis rely on kinase activation, and on the formation of a necrosome complex, bringing together the receptor-interacting protein kinases 1 and 3 (RIPK1, RIPK3), and the mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). In this study, mass spectrometry approach allowed to identify the tripartite motif containing 21 (TRIM21), an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase as a new partner of the endogenous TRAIL-induced necrosome. Alteration of TRIM21 expression level, obtained by transient transfection of HT29 or HaCat cells with TRIM21-targeted siRNAs or cDNA plasmids coding for TRIM21 demonstrated that TRIM21 is a positive regulator of TRAIL-induced necroptosis. Furthermore, the invalidation of TRIM21 expression in HT29 cells by CRISPR-Cas9 technology also decreased cell sensitivity to TRAIL-induced necroptosis, a shortcoming associated with a reduction in MLKL phosphorylation, the necroptosis executioner. Thus, TRIM21 emerged as a new partner of the TRAIL-induced necrosome that positively regulates the necroptosis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Simoes Eugénio
- Univ-Rennes1, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Florence Faurez
- Univ-Rennes1, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Ghania H Kara-Ali
- Univ-Rennes1, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Mélanie Lagarrigue
- Protim, Inserm, Irset - UMR_S1085, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France.,Biogenouest, Core Facility Network in Western, France
| | - Perrine Uhart
- Univ-Rennes1, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Marion C Bonnet
- Univ-Rennes1, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Isabelle Gallais
- Univ-Rennes1, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Emmanuelle Com
- Protim, Inserm, Irset - UMR_S1085, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France.,Biogenouest, Core Facility Network in Western, France
| | - Charles Pineau
- Protim, Inserm, Irset - UMR_S1085, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France.,Biogenouest, Core Facility Network in Western, France
| | - Michel Samson
- Univ-Rennes1, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Jacques Le Seyec
- Univ-Rennes1, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Dimanche-Boitrel
- Univ-Rennes1, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S1085, Rennes, France
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20
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Deng L, Zhai X, Liang P, Cui H. Overcoming TRAIL Resistance for Glioblastoma Treatment. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040572. [PMID: 33919846 PMCID: PMC8070820 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) shows a promising therapeutic potential in cancer treatment as it exclusively causes apoptosis in a broad spectrum of cancer cells through triggering the extrinsic apoptosis pathway via binding to cognate death receptors, with negligible toxicity in normal cells. However, most cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), display TRAIL resistance, hindering its application in clinical practice. Recent studies have unraveled novel mechanisms in regulating TRAIL-induced apoptosis in GBM and sought effective combinatorial modalities to sensitize GBM to TRAIL treatment, establishing pre-clinical foundations and the reasonable expectation that the TRAIL/TRAIL death receptor axis could be harnessed to treat GBM. In this review, we will revisit the status quo of the mechanisms of TRAIL resistance and emerging strategies for sensitizing GBM to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and also discuss opportunities of TRAIL-based combinatorial therapies in future clinical use for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Deng
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
| | - Xuan Zhai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China;
| | - Ping Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China;
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (H.C.)
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21
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Zhou S, Watanabe K, Koide S, Kitamatsu M, Ohtsuki T. Minimization of apoptosis-inducing CPP-Bim peptide. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 36:127811. [PMID: 33486053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pro-apoptotic peptides may be promising agents for cancer therapy owing to their ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. TatBim, a fusion peptide of Tat cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) and the BH3 domain derived from Bim apoptosis-inducing protein, is a pro-apoptotic peptide. In this study, based on the TatBim sequence, we attempted to minimize the CPP-Bim peptide while retaining apoptosis-inducing activity. The CPP and Bim parts were systematically shortened, and the pro-apoptotic activities of the shortened peptides were examined. We obtained TatBim-N1C2 and R8Bim-N1C2 as minimized peptides with efficient apoptotic activity. These peptides may have potential applications in future biomedical studies, such as cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengli Zhou
- Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazunori Watanabe
- Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Koide
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kitamatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohtsuki
- Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
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22
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Knoll G, Ehrenschwender M. The non-peptidomimetic IAP antagonist ASTX660 sensitizes colorectal cancer cells for extrinsic apoptosis. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:714-723. [PMID: 33484626 PMCID: PMC7931242 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis resistance worsens treatment response in cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. Inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins can restore cell death and improve treatment efficacy. cIAP1, cIAP2, and XIAP belong to the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family and block apoptosis. Targeting IAPs with peptides or peptidomimetics mimicking the IAP-antagonizing activity of the cell's endogenous IAP antagonist SMAC (SMAC mimetics) showed promising results and fueled development of novel compounds. ASTX660 belongs to the recently introduced class of non-peptidomimetic IAP antagonists and successfully completed phase I clinical trials. However, ASTX660 has thus far only been evaluated in few cancer entities. Here, we demonstrate that ASTX660 has cell death-promoting activity in colorectal cancer and provide a head-to-head comparison with birinapant, the clinically most advanced peptidomimetic IAP antagonist. ASTX660 facilitates activation of the extrinsic apoptosis pathway upon stimulation with the death ligands TNF and TRAIL and boosts effector caspase activation and subsequent apoptosis. Mechanistically, ASTX660 enhances amplification of death receptor-generated apoptotic signals in a mitochondria-dependent manner. Failure to activate the mitochondria-associated (intrinsic) apoptosis pathway attenuated the apoptosis-promoting effect of ASTX660. Further clinical studies are warranted to highlight the therapeutic potential of ASTX660 in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gertrud Knoll
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology and HygieneUniversity Hospital RegensburgGermany
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23
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Brahm CG, Abdul UK, Houweling M, van Linde ME, Lagerweij T, Verheul HMW, Westerman BA, Walenkamp AME, Fehrmann RSN. Data-driven prioritization and preclinical evaluation of therapeutic targets in glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 2:vdaa151. [PMID: 33392504 PMCID: PMC7764503 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) have a dismal prognosis, and there is an unmet need for new therapeutic options. This study aims to identify new therapeutic targets in GBM. Methods mRNA expression data of patient-derived GBM (n = 1279) and normal brain tissue (n = 46) samples were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas. Functional genomic mRNA profiling was applied to capture the downstream effects of genomic alterations on gene expression levels. Next, a class comparison between GBM and normal brain tissue was performed. Significantly upregulated genes in GBM were further prioritized based on (1) known interactions with antineoplastic drugs, (2) current drug development status in humans, and (3) association with biologic pathways known to be involved in GBM. Antineoplastic agents against prioritized targets were validated in vitro and in vivo. Results We identified 712 significantly upregulated genes in GBM compared to normal brain tissue, of which 27 have a known interaction with antineoplastic agents. Seventeen of the 27 genes, including EGFR and VEGFA, have been clinically evaluated in GBM with limited efficacy. For the remaining 10 genes, RRM2, MAPK9 (JNK2, SAPK1a), and XIAP play a role in GBM development. We demonstrated for the MAPK9 inhibitor RGB-286638 a viability loss in multiple GBM cell culture models. Although no overall survival benefit was observed in vivo, there were indications that RGB-286638 may delay tumor growth. Conclusions The MAPK9 inhibitor RGB-286638 showed promising in vitro results. Furthermore, in vivo target engagement studies and combination therapies with this compound warrant further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrillo G Brahm
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - U Kulsoom Abdul
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Megan Houweling
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Myra E van Linde
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tonny Lagerweij
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk M W Verheul
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart A Westerman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiek M E Walenkamp
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf S N Fehrmann
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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24
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Ali S, Arif I, Iqbal A, Hussain I, Abrar M, Khan MR, Shubin N, Abbasi AA. Comparative genomic analysis of human GLI2 locus using slowly evolving fish revealed the ancestral gnathostome set of early developmental enhancers. Dev Dyn 2021; 250:669-683. [PMID: 33381902 PMCID: PMC9292287 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The zinc finger‐containing transcription factor Gli2, is a key mediator of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling and participates in embryonic patterning of various organs including the central nervous system (CNS) and limbs. Abnormal expression of Gli2 can impede the transcription of Hh target genes through disruption of proper balance between Gli2 and Gli3 functions. Therefore, delineation of enhancers that are required for complementary roles of Glis would allow the interrogation of those pathogenic variants that cause gene dysregulation, and a corresponding abnormal phenotype. Previously, we reported tissue‐specific enhancers for Gli family including Gli2 through direct tetrapod‐teleost comparisons. Results Here, we employed the sequence alignments of slowly evolving spotted gar and elephant shark and have identified six novel conserved noncoding elements in human GLI2 containing locus. Zebrafish‐based transgenic assays revealed that combined action of these autonomous CNEs reflects many aspects of Gli2 specific endogenous transcriptional activity, including CNS and pectoral fins. Conclusion Taken together with our previous findings, this study suggests that Hh‐signaling controlled deployment of Gli2 activity in embryonic patterning arose in the common ancestor of gnathostomes. These GLI2 specific cis‐regulatory modules will help to identify DNA variants that probably reside outside of coding intervals and are associated with congenital anomalies. We performed a phylogenetic footprint analyses of human GLI2 containing locus by incorporating relatively slowly evolving gar and elephant shark genomes and have identified multiple novel conserved non‐coding elements (CNEs) that were not predicted by direct human‐teleostcomparisons. Comparative analyses suggest that majority of the GLI2 associated CNEs identified in the present data and reported previously arose in the common ancestor of gnathostomes but lost in teleosts, presumably because of fast teleost sequence evolution. Functional testing of GLI2 associated CNEs by employing zebrafish based transgenic reporter assays revealed their tissue specific cis‐regulatory potential that corresponds with the results based on whole‐mount in situ hybridization analysis of gli2 mRNA in zebrafish. The delineated set of GLI2 associated enhancers can be further interrogated to determine their role in canonical Hh signaling, gene dysregulation, and a corresponding congenital anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ali
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Program of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Irum Arif
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Program of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Iqbal
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Program of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Hussain
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Program of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abrar
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Program of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan Khan
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology, National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Neil Shubin
- Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Amir Ali Abbasi
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Program of Comparative and Evolutionary Genomics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i- Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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25
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Bomba HN, Sheets KT, Valdivia A, Khagi S, Ruterbories L, Mariani CL, Borst LB, Tokarz DA, Hingtgen SD. Personalized-induced neural stem cell therapy: Generation, transplant, and safety in a large animal model. Bioeng Transl Med 2021; 6:e10171. [PMID: 33532581 PMCID: PMC7823134 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we take an important step toward clinical translation by generating the first canine-induced neural stem cells (iNSCs). We explore key aspects of scale-up, persistence, and safety of personalized iNSC therapy in autologous canine surgery models. iNSCs are a promising new approach to treat aggressive cancers of the brain, including the deadly glioblastoma. Created by direct transdifferentiation of fibroblasts, iNSCs are known to migrate through the brain, track down invasive cancer foci, and deliver anticancer payloads that significantly reduce tumor burden and extend survival of tumor-bearing mice. Here, skin biopsies were collected from canines and converted into the first personalized canine iNSCs engineered to carry TNFα-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and thymidine kinase (TK), as well as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents for in vivo tracking. Time-lapse analysis showed canine iNSCs efficiently migrate to human tumor cells, and cell viability assays showed both TRAIL and TK monotherapy markedly reduced tumor growth. Using intraoperative navigation and two delivery methods to closely mimic human therapy, canines received autologous iNSCs either within postsurgical cavities in a biocompatible matrix or via a catheter placed in the lateral ventricle. Both strategies were well tolerated, and serial MRI showed hypointense regions at the implant sites that remained stable through 86 days postimplant. Serial fluid sample testing following iNSC delivery showed the bimodal personalized therapy was well tolerated, with no iNSC-induced abnormal tissue pathology. Overall, this study lays an important foundation as this promising personalized cell therapy advances toward human patient testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter N. Bomba
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of PharmacyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kevin T. Sheets
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of PharmacyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Alain Valdivia
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of PharmacyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Simon Khagi
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Laura Ruterbories
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Christopher L. Mariani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
- Comparative Medicine InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Luke B. Borst
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Debra A. Tokarz
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Shawn D. Hingtgen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, UNC Eshelman School of PharmacyThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
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26
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Gao S, Fang Y, Tu S, Chen H, Shao A. Insight into the divergent role of TRAIL in non-neoplastic neurological diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:11070-11083. [PMID: 32827246 PMCID: PMC7576257 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor–related apoptosis‐inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily which mainly induces apoptosis of tumour cells and transformed cell lines with no systemic toxicity, whereas they share high sequence homology with TNF and CD95L. These unique effects of TRAIL have made it an important molecule in oncology research. However, the research on TRAIL‐related antineoplastic agents has lagged behind and has been limited by the extensive drug resistance in cancer cells. Given the several findings showing that TRAIL is involved in immune regulation and other pleiotropic biological effects in non‐malignant cells, TRAIL and its receptors have attracted widespread attention from researchers. In the central nervous system (CNS), TRAIL is highly correlated with malignant tumours such as glioma and other non‐neoplastic disorders such as acute brain injury, CNS infection and neurodegenerative disease. Many clinical and animal studies have revealed the dual roles of TRAIL in which it causes damage by inducing cell apoptosis, and confers protection by enhancing both pro‐ and non‐apoptosis effects in different neurological disorders and at different sites or stages. Its pro‐apoptotic effect produces a pro‐survival effect that cannot be underestimated. This review extensively covers in vitro and in vivo experiments and clinical studies investigating TRAIL. It also provides a summary of the current knowledge on the TRAIL signalling pathway and its involvement in pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutics of CNS disorders as a basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanjian Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huaijun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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27
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Thapa B, Kc R, Uludağ H. TRAIL therapy and prospective developments for cancer treatment. J Control Release 2020; 326:335-349. [PMID: 32682900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL), an immune cytokine of TNF-family, has received much attention in late 1990s as a potential cancer therapeutics due to its selective ability to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. TRAIL binds to cell surface death receptors, TRAIL-R1 (DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5) and facilitates formation of death-inducing signaling complex (DISC), eventually activating the p53-independent apoptotic cascade. This unique mechanism makes the TRAIL a potential anticancer therapeutic especially for p53-mutated tumors. However, recombinant human TRAIL protein (rhTRAIL) and TRAIL-R agonist monoclonal antibodies (mAb) failed to exert robust anticancer activities due to inherent and/or acquired resistance, poor pharmacokinetics and weak potencies for apoptosis induction. To get TRAIL back on track as a cancer therapeutic, multiple strategies including protein modification, combinatorial approach and TRAIL gene therapy are being extensively explored. These strategies aim to enhance the half-life and bioavailability of TRAIL and synergize with TRAIL action ultimately sensitizing the resistant and non-responsive cells. We summarize emerging strategies for enhanced TRAIL therapy in this review and cover a wide range of recent technologies that will provide impetus to rejuvenate the TRAIL therapeutics in the clinical realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Thapa
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Remant Kc
- Department of Chemical & Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Hasan Uludağ
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Chemical & Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Kamdem JP, Duarte AE, Ibrahim M, Lukong KE, Barros LM, Roeder T. Bibliometric analysis of personalized humanized mouse and Drosophila models for effective combinational therapy in cancer patients. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165880. [PMID: 32592936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research performed using model organisms such as mice and the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster has significantly enhanced our knowledge about cancer biology and the fundamental processes of cancer. This is because the major biological properties and genes associated with cancer including signaling pathways, oncogenes, tumor suppressors, and other regulators of cell growth and proliferation are evolutionary conserved. This review provides bibliometric analysis of research productivity, and performance of authors, institutions, countries, and journals associated with personalized animal cancer models, focussing on the role of Drosophila in cancer research, thus highlighting emerging trends in the field. A total of 1469 and 2672 original articles and reviews for Drosophila cancer model and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) respectively, were retrieved from the Scopus database and the most cited papers were thoroughly analyzed. Our analysis indicates a steadily increasing productivity of the animal models and especially of mouse models in cancer research. In addition to the many different systems that address almost all aspects of tumor research in humanized animal models, a trend towards using tailored screening platforms with Drosophila models in particular will become widespread in the future. Having Drosophila models that recapitulate major genetic aspects of a given tumor will enable the development and validation of novel therapeutic strategies for specific cancers, and provide a platform for screening small molecule inhibitors and other anti-tumor compounds. The combination of Drosophila cancer models and mouse PDX models particularly is highly promising and should be one of the major research strategies the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Kamdem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Campus Pimenta, Crato, Ceara CEP: 63105-000, Brazil.
| | - Antonia Eliene Duarte
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Campus Pimenta, Crato, Ceara CEP: 63105-000, Brazil
| | - Mohammad Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (AWKUM), KPK, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Kiven Erique Lukong
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (BMI) College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
| | - Luiz Marivando Barros
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Campus Pimenta, Crato, Ceara CEP: 63105-000, Brazil
| | - Thomas Roeder
- Christian-Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Zoologisches Institut, Molekulare Physiologie, Olshausenstraße 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany; German Center for Lung Research, Airway Research Center North, Kiel, Germany.
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Kumar S, Fairmichael C, Longley DB, Turkington RC. The Multiple Roles of the IAP Super-family in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 214:107610. [PMID: 32585232 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Inhibitor of Apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are a family of proteins that are mainly known for their anti-apoptotic activity and ability to directly bind and inhibit caspases. Recent research has however revealed that they have extensive roles in governing numerous other cellular processes. IAPs are known to modulate ubiquitin (Ub)-dependent signaling pathways through their E3 ligase activity and influence activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). In this review, we discuss the involvement of IAPs in individual hallmarks of cancer and the current status of therapies targeting these critical proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Ciaran Fairmichael
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel B Longley
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C Turkington
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
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Priwitaningrum DL, Jentsch J, Bansal R, Rahimian S, Storm G, Hennink WE, Prakash J. Apoptosis-inducing peptide loaded in PLGA nanoparticles induces anti-tumor effects in vivo. Int J Pharm 2020; 585:119535. [PMID: 32534162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Induction of apoptosis in tumor cells specifically within the complex tumor microenvironment is highly desirable to kill them efficiently and to enhance the effects of chemotherapy. Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac) is a key pro-apoptotic pathway which can be activated with a Smac mimetic peptide. However, in vivo application of peptides is hampered by several limitations such as poor pharmacokinetics, rapid elimination, enzymatic degradation, and insufficient intracellular delivery. In this study, we developed a nanosystem to deliver a Smac peptide to tumor by passive targeting. We first synthesized a chimeric peptide that consists of the 8-mer Smac peptide and a 14-mer cell penetrating peptide (CPP) and then encapsulated the Smac-CPP into polymeric nanoparticles (Smac-CPP-NPs). In vitro, Smac-CPP-NPs were rapidly internalized by 4T1 mammary tumor cells and subsequently released Smac-CPP into the cells, as shown with fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, Smac-CPP-NPs induced apoptosis in tumor cells, as confirmed with cell viability and caspase 3/7 assays. Interestingly, combination of Smac-CPP-NPs with doxorubicin (dox), a clinically used cytostatic drug, showed combined effects in vitro in 4T1 cells. The effect was significantly better than that of SMAC-CPP-NPs alone as well as empty nanoparticles and dox. In vivo, co-treatment with Smac-CPP-NPs and free dox reduced the tumor growth to 85%. Furthermore, the combination of Smac-CPP-NPs and free dox showed reduced proliferating tumor cells (Ki-67 staining) and increased apoptotic cells (cleaved caspase-3 staining) in tumors. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that the intracellular delivery of Smac-mimetic peptide using nanoparticle system can be an interesting strategy to attenuate the tumor growth and to potentiate the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwi L Priwitaningrum
- Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Julian Jentsch
- Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sima Rahimian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim E Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Jai Prakash
- Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
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Zinngrebe J, Schlichtig F, Kraus JM, Meyer M, Boldrin E, Kestler HA, Meyer L, Fischer‐Posovszky P, Debatin K. Biomarker profile for prediction of response to SMAC mimetic monotherapy in pediatric precursor B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:3219-3231. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Zinngrebe
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUlm University Medical Center Ulm Germany
| | - Ferdinand Schlichtig
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUlm University Medical Center Ulm Germany
| | - Johann M. Kraus
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University Ulm Germany
| | - Malcolm Meyer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUlm University Medical Center Ulm Germany
| | - Elena Boldrin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUlm University Medical Center Ulm Germany
| | - Hans A. Kestler
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University Ulm Germany
| | - Lüder‐Hinrich Meyer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUlm University Medical Center Ulm Germany
| | | | - Klaus‐Michael Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUlm University Medical Center Ulm Germany
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Zhao XY, Wang XY, Wei QY, Xu YM, Lau ATY. Potency and Selectivity of SMAC/DIABLO Mimetics in Solid Tumor Therapy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041012. [PMID: 32325691 PMCID: PMC7226512 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aiming to promote cancer cell apoptosis is a mainstream strategy of cancer therapy. The second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (SMAC)/direct inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP)-binding protein with low pI (DIABLO) protein is an essential and endogenous antagonist of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs). SMAC mimetics (SMs) are a series of synthetically chemical compounds. Via database analysis and literature searching, we summarize the potential mechanisms of endogenous SMAC inefficiency, degradation, mutation, releasing blockage, and depression. We review the development of SMs, as well as preclinical and clinical outcomes of SMs in solid tumor treatment, and we analyze their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats from our point of view. We also highlight several questions in need of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yan-Ming Xu
- Correspondence: (Y.-M.X.); (A.T.Y.L.); Tel.: +86-754-8890-0437 (Y.-M.X.); +86-754-8853-0052 (A.T.Y.L.)
| | - Andy T. Y. Lau
- Correspondence: (Y.-M.X.); (A.T.Y.L.); Tel.: +86-754-8890-0437 (Y.-M.X.); +86-754-8853-0052 (A.T.Y.L.)
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Blaquiere N, Villemure E, Staben ST. Medicinal Chemistry of Inhibiting RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases. J Med Chem 2020; 63:7957-7985. [PMID: 32142281 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) presents many opportunities for pharmacological intervention. Key players in the UPS are E3 ubiquitin ligases, responsible for conjugation of ubiquitin to specific cognate substrates. Numbering more than 600 members, these ligases represent the most selective way to intervene within this physiologically important system. This Perspective highlights some of the dedicated medicinal chemistry efforts directed at inhibiting the function of specific single-protein and multicomponent RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligases. We present opportunities and challenges associated with targeting this important class of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Blaquiere
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Elisia Villemure
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Steven T Staben
- Discovery Chemistry, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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Future Therapeutic Directions for Smac-Mimetics. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020406. [PMID: 32053868 PMCID: PMC7072318 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well accepted that the ability of cancer cells to circumvent the cell death program that untransformed cells are subject to helps promote tumor growth. Strategies designed to reinstate the cell death program in cancer cells have therefore been investigated for decades. Overexpression of members of the Inhibitor of APoptosis (IAP) protein family is one possible mechanism hindering the death of cancer cells. To promote cell death, drugs that mimic natural IAP antagonists, such as second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac/DIABLO) were developed. Smac-Mimetics (SMs) have entered clinical trials for hematological and solid cancers, unfortunately with variable and limited results so far. This review explores the use of SMs for the treatment of cancer, their potential to synergize with up-coming treatments and, finally, discusses the challenges and optimism facing this strategy.
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da Cunha FFM, Mugnol KCU, de Melo FM, Nascimento MVSQ, de Azevedo RA, Santos RTS, Magalhães JA, Miguel DC, Tada DB, Mortara RA, Travassos LR, Arruda DC. Peptide R18H from BRN2 Transcription Factor POU Domain Displays Antitumor Activity In Vitro and In Vivo and Induces Apoptosis in B16F10-Nex2 Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:389-401. [PMID: 30417795 DOI: 10.2174/1871520618666181109164246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BRN2 transcription factor is associated with the development of malignant melanoma. The cytotoxic activities and cell death mechanism against B16F10-Nex2 cells were determined with synthetic peptide R18H derived from the POU domain of the BRN2 transcription factor. OBJECTIVE To determine the cell death mechanisms and in vivo activity of peptide R18H derived from the POU domain of the BRN2 transcription factor against B16F10-Nex2 cells. METHODS Cell viability was determined by the MTT method. C57Bl/6 mice were challenged with B16F10-Nex2 cells and treated with R18H. To identify the type of cell death, we used TUNEL assay, Annexin V and PI, Hoechst, DHE, and determination of caspase activation and cytochrome c release. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to verify morphological alterations after peptide treatment. RESULTS Peptide R18H displayed antitumor activity in the first hours of treatment and the EC50% was calculated for 2 and 24h, being 0.76 ± 0.045 mM and 0.559 ± 0.053 mM, respectively. After 24h apoptosis was evident, based on DNA degradation, chromatin condensation, increase of superoxide anion production, phosphatidylserine translocation, activation of caspases 3 and 8, and release of extracellular cytochrome c in B16F10-Nex2 cells. The peptide cytotoxic activity was not affected by necroptosis inhibitors and treated cells did not release LDH in the extracellular medium. Moreover, in vivo antitumor activity was observed following treatment with peptide R18H. CONCLUSION Peptide R18H from BRN2 transcription factor induced apoptosis in B16F10-Nex2 and displayed antitumor activity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda F M da Cunha
- Nucleo Integrado de Biotecnologia (NIB), Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, UMC, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Katia C U Mugnol
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigacao Bioquimica (CIIB) Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, UMC, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Filipe M de Melo
- Departamento de Imunologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marta V S Q Nascimento
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigacao Bioquimica (CIIB) Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, UMC, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A de Azevedo
- Unidade de Oncologia Experimental (UNONEX), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel T S Santos
- Nucleo Integrado de Biotecnologia (NIB), Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, UMC, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica A Magalhães
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriais e Nanotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciencia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Danilo C Miguel
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Dayane B Tada
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriais e Nanotoxicologia, Instituto de Ciencia e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Jose dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato A Mortara
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz R Travassos
- Unidade de Oncologia Experimental (UNONEX), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Denise C Arruda
- Nucleo Integrado de Biotecnologia (NIB), Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, UMC, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
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Noonan JJ, Jarzabek M, Lincoln FA, Cavanagh BL, Pariag AR, Juric V, Young LS, Ligon KL, Jahns H, Zheleva D, Prehn JHM, Rehm M, Byrne AT, Murphy BM. Implementing Patient-Derived Xenografts to Assess the Effectiveness of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11122005. [PMID: 31842413 PMCID: PMC6966586 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11122005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor with no available cure. As previously described, seliciclib, a first-generation cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, down-regulates the anti-apoptotic protein, Mcl-1, in GBM, thereby sensitizing GBM cells to the apoptosis-inducing effects of the death receptor ligand, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Here, we have assessed the efficacy of seliciclib when delivered in combination with the antibody against human death receptor 5, drozitumab, in clinically relevant patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of GBM. A reduction in viability and significant levels of apoptosis were observed in vitro in human GBM neurospheres following treatment with seliciclib plus drozitumab. While the co-treatment strategy induced a similar effect in PDX models, the dosing regimen required to observe seliciclib-targeted responses in the brain, resulted in lethal toxicity in 45% of animals. Additional studies showed that the second-generation CDK inhibitor, CYC065, with improved potency in comparison to seliciclib, induced a significant decrease in the size of human GBM neurospheres in vitro and was well tolerated in vivo, upon administration at clinically relevant doses. This study highlights the continued need for robust pre-clinical assessment of promising treatment approaches using clinically relevant models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis J. Noonan
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Monika Jarzabek
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Frank A. Lincoln
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Brenton L. Cavanagh
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging Core, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland;
| | - Arhona R. Pariag
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Viktorija Juric
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Leonie S. Young
- Endocrine Oncology Research Group, Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland;
| | - Keith L. Ligon
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Hanne Jahns
- Pathobiology Section, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, D02 YN77 Dublin 4, Ireland;
| | - Daniella Zheleva
- Cyclacel Ltd., 1 James Lindsay Place, Dundee, Scotland DD1 5JJ, UK;
| | - Jochen H. M. Prehn
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Markus Rehm
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany;
- Stuttgart Research Center Systems Biology, University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Annette T. Byrne
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
| | - Brona M. Murphy
- Department of Physiology & Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin 2, Ireland; (J.J.N.); (M.J.); (F.A.L.); (A.R.P.); (V.J.); (J.H.M.P.); (A.T.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-31-402-2119
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Zhu H, Li Y, Liu Y, Han B. Bivalent SMAC Mimetics for Treating Cancer by Antagonizing Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1951-1962. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1166 Liutai Avenue Chengdu 611137 China
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University 168 Huaguan Road Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Yi Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University 168 Huaguan Road Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Yue Liu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University 168 Huaguan Road Chengdu 610052 China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1166 Liutai Avenue Chengdu 611137 China
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Rahimi Kalateh Shah Mohammad G, Karimi E, Oskoueian E, Homayouni-Tabrizi M. Anticancer properties of green-synthesised zinc oxide nanoparticles using Hyssopus officinalis extract on prostate carcinoma cells and its effects on testicular damage and spermatogenesis in Balb/C mice. Andrologia 2019; 52:e13450. [PMID: 31692026 DOI: 10.1111/and.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The unclear bio-safety issue and potential risk of nanoparticles (NPs) on various organelles can be considered as a major challenge. In the present study, we have assessed the green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) extract and their effects on PC3 cell line and BALB/c mice model. The cytotoxicity of the ZnO-NPs was assessed on PC3 cell line by MTT test after characterisation. Apoptotic effect of ZnO-NPs was determined by in vitro AO/PI staining. The histopathological assessments and determination of LH and FSH levels carried out as in vivo analysis in BALB/c adult male mice. The expression of major genes involved in spermatogenesis and sperm maturation (Adam3, Prm1, Spata19, Tnp2, Gpx5) were also analysed. The obtained result demonstrated that the IC50 for PC3 cell line treated with green-synthesised ZnO-NPs during 24 and 48 hr was reported 8.07 and 5 µg/ml respectively. Meanwhile, the induced apoptosis was recorded 26.6% ± 0.05, 44% ± 0.12 and 80% ± 0.07 of PC3 cells. The results of gene expression analysis revealed that the increase in the concentration of ZnO-NPs significantly (p < .05) down-regulated the Adam3, Prm1, Spata-19, Tnp2 and Gpx5 genes. The overall results of this research elucidated that ZnO-NPs impaired spermatogenesis, sperm maturation process and sperm motility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ehsan Karimi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Oskoueian
- Mashhad Branch, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran
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Choo Z, Loh AHP, Chen ZX. Destined to Die: Apoptosis and Pediatric Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111623. [PMID: 31652776 PMCID: PMC6893512 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis (programmed cell death) is a systematic and coordinated cellular process that occurs in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Sidestepping or resisting apoptosis is a distinct characteristic of human cancers including childhood malignancies. This review dissects the apoptosis pathways implicated in pediatric tumors. Understanding these pathways not only unraveled key molecules that may serve as potential targets for drug discovery, but also molecular nodes that integrate with other signaling networks involved in processes such as development. This review presents current knowledge of the complex regulatory system that governs apoptosis with respect to other processes in pediatric cancers, so that fresh insights may be derived regarding treatment resistance or for more effective treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang'e Choo
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore.
| | - Amos Hong Pheng Loh
- VIVA-KKH Pediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Program, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore.
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore.
| | - Zhi Xiong Chen
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore.
- VIVA-KKH Pediatric Brain and Solid Tumor Program, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore.
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
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MSC.sTRAIL Has Better Efficacy than MSC.FL-TRAIL and in Combination with AKTi Blocks Pro-Metastatic Cytokine Production in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040568. [PMID: 31010082 PMCID: PMC6521093 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy is a promising new treatment option for cancer. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown potential in delivering therapeutic genes in various tumour models and are now on the verge of being tested in the clinic. A number of therapeutic genes have been examined in this context, including the death ligand TRAIL. For cell therapy, it can be used in its natural form as a full-length and membrane-bound protein (FL-TRAIL) or as an engineered version commonly referred to as soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL). As to which is more therapeutically efficacious, contradicting results have been reported. We discovered that MSCs producing sTRAIL have significantly higher apoptosis-inducing activity than cells expressing FL-TRAIL and found that FL-TRAIL, in contrast to sTRAIL, is not secreted. We also demonstrated that TRAIL does induce the expression of pro-metastatic cytokines in prostate cancer cells, but that this effect could be overcome through combination with an AKT inhibitor. Thus, a combination consisting of small-molecule drugs specifically targeting tumour cells in combination with MSC.sTRAIL, not only provides a way of sensitising cancer cells to TRAIL, but also reduces the issue of side-effect-causing cytokine production. This therapeutic strategy therefore represents a novel targeted treatment option for advanced prostate cancer and other difficult to treat tumours.
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Kretz AL, Trauzold A, Hillenbrand A, Knippschild U, Henne-Bruns D, von Karstedt S, Lemke J. TRAILblazing Strategies for Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040456. [PMID: 30935038 PMCID: PMC6521007 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the late 1990s, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the TNF-family, started receiving much attention for its potential in cancer therapy, due to its capacity to induce apoptosis selectively in tumour cells in vivo. TRAIL binds to its membrane-bound death receptors TRAIL-R1 (DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5) inducing the formation of a death-inducing signalling complex (DISC) thereby activating the apoptotic cascade. The ability of TRAIL to also induce apoptosis independently of p53 makes TRAIL a promising anticancer agent, especially in p53-mutated tumour entities. Thus, several so-called TRAIL receptor agonists (TRAs) were developed. Unfortunately, clinical testing of these TRAs did not reveal any significant anticancer activity, presumably due to inherent or acquired TRAIL resistance of most primary tumour cells. Since the potential power of TRAIL-based therapies still lies in TRAIL's explicit cancer cell-selectivity, a desirable approach going forward for TRAIL-based cancer therapy is the identification of substances that sensitise tumour cells for TRAIL-induced apoptosis while sparing normal cells. Numerous of such TRAIL-sensitising strategies have been identified within the last decades. However, many of these approaches have not been verified in animal models, and therefore potential toxicity of these approaches has not been taken into consideration. Here, we critically summarise and discuss the status quo of TRAIL signalling in cancer cells and strategies to force tumour cells into undergoing apoptosis triggered by TRAIL as a cancer therapeutic approach. Moreover, we provide an overview and outlook on innovative and promising future TRAIL-based therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Laura Kretz
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Anna Trauzold
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
- Clinic for General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Andreas Hillenbrand
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Doris Henne-Bruns
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Silvia von Karstedt
- Department of Translational Genomics, University Hospital Cologne, Weyertal 115b, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
| | - Johannes Lemke
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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Smac mimetic suppresses tunicamycin-induced apoptosis via resolution of ER stress. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:155. [PMID: 30770792 PMCID: PMC6377606 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1381-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Since Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAP) proteins have been implicated in cellular adaptation to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, we investigated the regulation of ER stress-induced apoptosis by small-molecule second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac) mimetics that antagonize IAP proteins. Here, we discover that Smac mimetic suppresses tunicamycin (TM)-induced apoptosis via resolution of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER stress. Smac mimetics such as BV6 selectively inhibit apoptosis triggered by pharmacological or genetic inhibition of protein N-glycosylation using TM or knockdown of DPAGT1, the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of protein N-glycosylation. In contrast, BV6 does not rescue cell death induced by other typical ER stressors (i.e., thapsigargin (TG), dithiothreitol, brefeldin A, bortezomib, or 2-deoxyglucose). The protection from TM-triggered apoptosis is found for structurally different Smac mimetics and for genetic knockdown of cellular IAP (cIAP) proteins in several cancer types, underlining the broader relevance. Interestingly, lectin microarray profiling reveals that BV6 counteracts TM-imposed inhibition of protein glycosylation. BV6 consistently abolishes TM-stimulated accumulation of ER stress markers such as glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and reduces protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) phosphorylation and X box-binding protein 1 (XBP1) splicing upon TM treatment. BV6-stimulated activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) contributes to the resolution of ER stress, since NF-κB inhibition by overexpression of dominant-negative IκBα superrepressor counteracts the suppression of TM-stimulated transcriptional activation of CHOP and GRP78 by BV6. Thus, our study is the first to show that Smac mimetic protects from TM-triggered apoptosis by resolving the UPR and ER stress. This provides new insights into the regulation of cellular stress responses by Smac mimetics.
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Beug ST, Cheung HH, Sanda T, St-Jean M, Beauregard CE, Mamady H, Baird SD, LaCasse EC, Korneluk RG. The transcription factor SP3 drives TNF-α expression in response to Smac mimetics. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/566/eaat9563. [PMID: 30696705 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aat9563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The controlled production and downstream signaling of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) are important for immunity and its anticancer effects. Although chronic stimulation with TNF-α is detrimental to the health of the host in several autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, TNF-α-contrary to what its name implies-leads to cancer formation by promoting cell proliferation and survival. Smac mimetic compounds (SMCs), small-molecule antagonists of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), switch the TNF-α signal from promoting survival to promoting death in cancer cells. Using a genome-wide siRNA screen to identify factors required for SMC-to-TNF-α-mediated cancer cell death, we identified the transcription factor SP3 as a critical molecule in both basal and SMC-induced production of TNF-α by engaging the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) transcriptional pathway. Moreover, the promotion of TNF-α expression by SP3 activity confers differential sensitivity of cancer versus normal cells to SMC treatment. The key role of SP3 in TNF-α production and signaling will help us further understand TNF-α biology and provide insight into mechanisms relevant to cancer and inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn T Beug
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Herman H Cheung
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Tarun Sanda
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Martine St-Jean
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Caroline E Beauregard
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Hapsatou Mamady
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Stephen D Baird
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - Eric C LaCasse
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada.
| | - Robert G Korneluk
- Apoptosis Research Centre, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L1, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
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Targeting the BIR Domains of Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAP) Proteins in Cancer Treatment. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019; 17:142-150. [PMID: 30766663 PMCID: PMC6360406 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins are characterized by the presence of the conserved baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) domain that is involved in protein-protein interactions. IAPs were initially thought to be mainly responsible for caspase inhibition, acting as negative regulators of apoptosis, but later works have shown that IAPs also control a plethora of other different cellular pathways. As X-linked IAP (XIAP), and other IAP, levels are often deregulated in cancer cells and have been shown to correlate with patients' prognosis, several approaches have been pursued to inhibit their activity in order to restore apoptosis. Many small molecules have been designed to target the BIR domains, the vast majority being inspired by the N-terminal tetrapeptide of Second Mitochondria-derived Activator of Caspases/Direct IAp Binding with Low pI (Smac/Diablo), which is the natural XIAP antagonist. These compounds are therefore usually referred to as Smac mimetics (SMs). Despite the fact that SMs were intended to specifically target XIAP, it has been shown that they also interact with cellular IAP-1 (cIAP1) and cIAP2, promoting their proteasome-dependent degradation. SMs have been tested in combination with several cytotoxic compounds and are now considered promising immune modulators which can be exploited in cancer therapy, especially in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this review, we give an overview of the structural hot-spots of BIRs, focusing on their fold and on the peculiar structural patches which characterize the diverse BIRs. These structures are exploited/exploitable for the development of specific and active IAP inhibitors.
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Cong H, Xu L, Wu Y, Qu Z, Bian T, Zhang W, Xing C, Zhuang C. Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein (IAP) Antagonists in Anticancer Agent Discovery: Current Status and Perspectives. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5750-5772. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cong
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lijuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yougen Wu
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Zhuo Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tengfei Bian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Florida, 1345 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shengli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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46
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Sensitization of glioblastoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by IAP- and Bcl-2 antagonism. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1112. [PMID: 30385739 PMCID: PMC6212537 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lack of effective treatments for glioblastoma (GBM), we here studied the responsiveness of GBM cell lines to the combination of death ligand, TRAIL and the IAP antagonist, TL32711 (Birinapant). Responses were highly heterogeneous, with synergistic apoptosis as well as treatment resistance observed. Caspase-8 and Bid, together with caspase-3, form a nonlinear signalling hub that efficiently induced apoptosis in responder cell lines. Cells resistant to TRAIL/TL32711 expressed low amounts of procaspase-8 and Bid and poorly activated caspase-3. We therefore hypothesised that improving caspase-8 activation or sensitising mitochondria to truncated Bid (tBid) could convert non-responder GBM cell lines to responders. Mathematical simulations of both strategies predicted mitochondrial sensitization to tBid would outperform enhancing caspase-8 activation. Indeed, antagonising Bcl-2 by ABT-199 allowed TRAIL/TL32711 response synergies to manifest in otherwise TRAIL resistant cell lines. These findings were further corroborated in experiments with a translationally relevant hexavalent TRAIL variant. Our study therefore demonstrates that a high caspase-8/Bid signature is associated with synergistic TRAIL/TL32711-induced apoptosis in GBM cells and outlines Bcl-2 antagonism as a highly potent intervention to sensitize highly TRAIL-resistant GBM cells to TRAIL/TL32711 combination treatment.
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47
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Chen W, Fan W, Ru G, Huang F, Lu X, Zhang X, Mou X, Wang S. Gemcitabine combined with an engineered oncolytic vaccinia virus exhibits a synergistic suppressive effect on the tumor growth of pancreatic cancer. Oncol Rep 2018; 41:67-76. [PMID: 30365143 PMCID: PMC6278373 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal solid malignancy with resistance to traditional chemotherapy. Recently, considerable studies have demonstrated the ubiquitous antitumor properties of gene therapy mediated by the oncolytic vaccinia virus. The second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspase (Smac) has been identified as an innovative tumor suppressor that augments the chemosensitivity of cancer cells. However, the therapeutic value of oncolytic vaccinia virus (oVV)-mediated Smac gene transfer in pancreatic cancer is yet to be elucidated. In the present study, oncolytic vaccinia virus expressing Smac (second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspase) (oVV-Smac) was used to examine its beneficial value when used alone or with gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer in vitro and in vivo. The expression of Smac was evaluated by western blot analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, oVV-Smac cytotoxicity by MTT assay, and apoptosis by flow cytometry and western blot analysis. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of oVV-Smac combined with gemcitabine was also evaluated. The results indicated that oVV-Smac achieved high levels of Smac, greater cytotoxicity, and potentiated apoptosis. Moreover, co-treatment with oVV-Smac and gemcitabine resulted in a synergistic effect in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, our findings advance oVV-Smac as a potential therapeutic candidate in pancreatic cancer and indicated the synergistic effects of co-treatment with oVV-Smac and gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyuan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Fan
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Guoqing Ru
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaming Lu
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhou Mou
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Shibing Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
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48
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Vellanki SH, Cruz RGB, Jahns H, Hudson L, Sette G, Eramo A, Hopkins AM. Natural compound Tetrocarcin-A downregulates Junctional Adhesion Molecule-A in conjunction with HER2 and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins and inhibits tumor cell growth. Cancer Lett 2018; 440-441:23-34. [PMID: 30312728 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the tight junction protein Junctional Adhesion Molecule-A (JAM-A) has been linked to aggressive disease in breast and other cancers, but JAM-targeting drugs remain elusive. Screening of a natural compound library identified the antibiotic Tetrocarcin-A as a novel downregulator of JAM-A and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) protein expression in breast cancer cells. Lysosomal inhibition partially rescued the downregulation of JAM-A and HER2 caused by Tetrocarcin-A, and attenuated its cytotoxic activity. Tetrocarcin-A treatment or JAM-A silencing reduced AKT and ERK phosphorylation, inhibited c-FOS phosphorylation at Threonine-232 (its transcriptional regulation site), inhibited nuclear localization of c-FOS, and downregulated expression of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP). This was accompanied by Tetrocarcin-A-induced caspase-dependent apoptosis. To begin evaluating the potential clinical relevance of our findings, we extended our studies to other models. Encouragingly, Tetrocarcin-A downregulated JAM-A expression and caused cytotoxicity in primary breast cells and lung cancer stem cells, and inhibited the growth of xenografts in a semi-in vivo model involving invasion across the chicken egg chorioallantoic membrane. Taken together, our data suggest that Tetrocarcin-A warrants future evaluation as a novel cancer therapeutic by virtue of its ability to downregulate JAM-A expression, reduce tumorigenic signaling and induce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodrigo G B Cruz
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hanne Jahns
- Pathobiology Section, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lance Hudson
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Giovanni Sette
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine - Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriana Eramo
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine - Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Ann M Hopkins
- Department of Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
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Zhao H, Wu C, Gao D, Chen S, Zhu Y, Sun J, Luo H, Yu K, Fan H, Zhang X. Antitumor Effect by Hydroxyapatite Nanospheres: Activation of Mitochondria-Dependent Apoptosis and Negative Regulation of Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B Pathway. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7838-7854. [PMID: 30059628 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HA NPs) have been acknowledged for their benign biocompatibility and proliferation inhibition effect on tumor cells, attracting considerable attention for tumor therapeutics without late effects. However, unnoticeable tumor cytotoxicity of HA NPs limited the final clinical therapeutic efficacy. Herein, a two-phase synthetic approach was developed to synthesize sphere-like HA NPs by varying the conventional growth habit of HA precipitate. We present our in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence that spherical HA NPs have surprisingly high inhibitory activities against tumor cells. We demonstrate further, based on our experimental data, that the underlying cause for the death of the tumor cells is related to two concurrent pathways, the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway and negative regulation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PIK3/AKT) pathway. The present study indicated that HA nanospheres can be engineered as nontoxic specific inhibitors for efficient tumor therapeutics with nanobiomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Chengheng Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Dong Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Suping Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Yuda Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Jing Sun
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Hongrong Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Kui Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Hongsong Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , China
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50
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Structure-based design, synthesis and anticancer effect of cyclic Smac-polyarginine peptides. Amino Acids 2018; 50:1607-1616. [PMID: 30123940 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac/DIABLO) is a pro-apoptotic protein that released from mitochondria into the cytosol when cells undergo apoptosis. Smac promotes caspase activation by binding the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAP), particularly XIAP and eliminating their inhibitory activity. Although the seven N-terminal amino acids AVPIAQK (SmacN7) of Smac protein is able to elicit an anticancer response by itself, it is neither cell-permeable nor stable in the cellular environment. Thus, the use of SmacN7 derivatives and mimetics is an alluring field for cancer therapy. In this study, heptamer Smac peptide was fused to a well-known octaarginine cell-penetrating peptide for promoting its intracellular access. Both therapeutic Smac part and cell-penetrating octaarginine parts of the peptide sequence constrained in a cyclic structure so as to enhance the apoptosis-inducing potential of the SmacN7 peptide. Biological assays interestingly showed that cyclic peptides P4, P5 and P7 gave rise to a significant level of cytotoxicity and apoptosis mediated cell death in multiple myeloma tumor cells (MM) comparing to linear peptide.
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