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Tang L, Qiu H, Xu B, Su Y, Nyarige V, Li P, Chen H, Killham B, Liao J, Adam H, Yang A, Yu A, Jang M, Rubart M, Xie J, Zhu W. Microparticle Mediated Delivery of Apelin Improves Heart Function in Post Myocardial Infarction Mice. Circ Res 2024; 135:777-798. [PMID: 39145385 PMCID: PMC11392624 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.124.324608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apelin is an endogenous prepropeptide that regulates cardiac homeostasis and various physiological processes. Intravenous injection has been shown to improve cardiac contractility in patients with heart failure. However, its short half-life prevents studying its impact on left ventricular remodeling in the long term. Here, we aim to study whether microparticle-mediated slow release of apelin improves heart function and left ventricular remodeling in mice with myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS A cardiac patch was fabricated by embedding apelin-containing microparticles in a fibrin gel scaffold. MI was induced via permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in adult C57BL/6J mice followed by epicardial patch placement immediately after (acute MI) or 28 days (chronic MI) post-MI. Four groups were included in this study, namely sham, MI, MI plus empty microparticle-embedded patch treatment, and MI plus apelin-containing microparticle-embedded patch treatment. Cardiac function was assessed by transthoracic echocardiography. Cardiomyocyte morphology, apoptosis, and cardiac fibrosis were evaluated by histology. Cardioprotective pathways were determined by RNA sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot. RESULTS The level of endogenous apelin was largely reduced in the first 7 days after MI induction and it was normalized by day 28. Apelin-13 encapsulated in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles displayed a sustained release pattern for up to 28 days. Treatment with apelin-containing microparticle-embedded patch inhibited cardiac hypertrophy and reduced scar size in both acute and chronic MI models, which is associated with improved cardiac function. Data from cellular and molecular analyses showed that apelin inhibits the activation and proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts by preventing transforming growth factor-β-mediated activation of Smad2/3 (supporessor of mothers against decapentaplegic 2/3) and downstream profibrotic gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles prolonged the apelin release time in the mouse hearts. Epicardial delivery of the apelin-containing microparticle-embedded patch protects mice from both acute and chronic MI-induced cardiac dysfunction, inhibits cardiac fibrosis, and improves left ventricular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale (L.T., H.Q., B.X., V.N., P.L., H.A., A. Yang, A. Yu, M.J., W.Z.)
| | - Huiliang Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale (L.T., H.Q., B.X., V.N., P.L., H.A., A. Yang, A. Yu, M.J., W.Z.)
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale (L.T., H.Q., B.X., V.N., P.L., H.A., A. Yang, A. Yu, M.J., W.Z.)
| | - Yajuan Su
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Y.S., J.X.)
| | - Verah Nyarige
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale (L.T., H.Q., B.X., V.N., P.L., H.A., A. Yang, A. Yu, M.J., W.Z.)
| | - Pengsheng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale (L.T., H.Q., B.X., V.N., P.L., H.A., A. Yang, A. Yu, M.J., W.Z.)
| | - Houjia Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington (H.C., B.K., J.L.)
| | - Brady Killham
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington (H.C., B.K., J.L.)
| | - Jun Liao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington (H.C., B.K., J.L.)
| | - Henderson Adam
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale (L.T., H.Q., B.X., V.N., P.L., H.A., A. Yang, A. Yu, M.J., W.Z.)
| | - Aaron Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale (L.T., H.Q., B.X., V.N., P.L., H.A., A. Yang, A. Yu, M.J., W.Z.)
| | - Alexander Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale (L.T., H.Q., B.X., V.N., P.L., H.A., A. Yang, A. Yu, M.J., W.Z.)
| | - Michelle Jang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale (L.T., H.Q., B.X., V.N., P.L., H.A., A. Yang, A. Yu, M.J., W.Z.)
| | - Michael Rubart
- Department of Pediatrics, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (M.R.)
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha (Y.S., J.X.)
| | - Wuqiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale (L.T., H.Q., B.X., V.N., P.L., H.A., A. Yang, A. Yu, M.J., W.Z.)
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Chen Y, Bao L, Dong F, Xv M, Li W, Luo T, Xing C, Yan N, Niu K, Zhang N, Fan H. Effect of fibroblasts small- conductance Ca 2+ -activated potassium channel subtype 2 (SK2) on myocardial fibrosis in pressure overload mouse. Cell Signal 2024; 124:111401. [PMID: 39260533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Studies have shown that Small conductance Ca2 + -activated K+ (SK) channel are expressed in fibroblasts. We aimed to determine the expression of SK2 channels in cardiac fibroblasts during myocardial hypertrophy and investigate its relationship with fibrotic remodeling. Myocardial hypertrophy and fibrotic remodeling induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) were assessed by echocardiography, Masson's trichrome staining and Western blot. Knockdown and overexpression of the SK2 protein were used to assess relationship between SK2 expression in fibroblasts and myocardial fibrosis. There is a positive correlation between myocardial fibrosis and SK2 channel protein expression during the development of myocardial hypertrophy. The differentiation and secretion of fibroblasts in mice with cardiac hypertrophy are enhanced, and the expression of SK2 channel protein is increased. Manipulating SK2 levels in fibroblasts can either promote or inhibit their differentiation and secretory function. Knocking down SK2 reduces the up-regulation of TGF β1, p-Smad2/3/GAPDH, p-p38/GAPDH, p-ERK1/2/GAPDH, and p-JNK/GAPDH proteins induced by Ang II in cardiac fibroblasts without significantly affecting total protein levels. AAV9-SK2-RNAi injection in mice improves cardiac function. Collectively, our study suggests that the expression of the SK2 channel is significantly increased in fibroblasts of mice with myocardial hypertrophy, potentially impacting myocardial fibrosis remodeling via the TGF-β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Chen
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Limeng Bao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Fengjuan Dong
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Menru Xv
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Tianxia Luo
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Chenxv Xing
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Ningning Yan
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Kangli Niu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Ningyuan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Hongkun Fan
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Kexuedadao Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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Kupusovic J, Kessler L, Kazek S, Chodyla MK, Umutlu L, Zarrad F, Nader M, Fendler WP, Varasteh Z, Hermann K, Dobrev D, Wakili R, Rassaf T, Siebermair J, Rischpler C. Delayed 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/MR imaging confirms ongoing fibroblast activation in patients after acute myocardial infarction. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2024; 50:101340. [PMID: 38313450 PMCID: PMC10835345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2024.101340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of the Report Combined cardiac 68Ga-Fibroblast-Activation Protein-alpha inhibitor (FAPI) positron-emission tomography (PET) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) constitute a novel diagnostic tool in patients for the assessment of myocardial damage after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate simultaneous Ga-68-FAPI-46-PET/MR imaging in the delayed phase after AMI. Material and Methods Eleven patients underwent hybrid 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/MRI post AMI. Standardized uptake values and fibroblast activation volume (FAV) were calculated and correlated with serum biomarkers and MRI parameters. Results Significant 68Ga-FAPI-46 uptake could be demonstrated in 11 (100 %) patients after a mean period of 30.9 ± 22.0 days. FAV significantly exceeded the infarction size in MRI and showed a good correlation to MRI parameters as well as to serum biomarkers of myocardial damage. Conclusions 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET/MRI offers molecular and morphological imaging of affected myocardium after AMI. This study demonstrates ongoing fibroblast activation in a delayed phase after AMI and generates hypotheses for future studies while aiming for a better understanding of myocardial remodeling following ischemic tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Kupusovic
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lukas Kessler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sandra Kazek
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michal Kamil Chodyla
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lale Umutlu
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Fadi Zarrad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Nader
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang P. Fendler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Zohreh Varasteh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der TUM, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ken Hermann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Medicine and Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Reza Wakili
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research DZHK, Partner site Rhine-Main, Germany
| | - Tienush Rassaf
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes Siebermair
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, West German Heart and Vascular Center Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Krankenhaus Göttlicher Heiland GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Rischpler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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Sadat Sandoghsaz R, Montazeri F, Shafienia H, Mehdi Kalantar S, Javaheri A, Samadi M. Expression of miR-21 &IL-4 in endometriosis. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110746. [PMID: 38155071 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2023.110746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis characterized with existence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. Fibrosis of ectopic lesions is an important feature of endometriosis. IL-4 induces fibrosis via fibroblast proliferation, collagen production and myofibroblast differentiation. Increasing of miR-21 expression promotes fibroblast activation and fibrosis expansion. The aim of study was to evaluate the expression of miR-21 and its relationship with IL-4 gene expression in endometrial ectopic and eutopic tissues of endometriosis patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Ectopic and eutopic tissue samples were taken from 20 women with endometriosis, and control samples were taken from the endometrium of 20 endometriosis-free women. The relative expression of IL-4 and miR-21 evaluated by Real Time PCR. IL-4 relative gene expression was significantly increased in ectopic tissue compared to eutopic (p = 0.025) and control tissue (p = 0.021). The relative expression of miR-21 gene in ectopic tissue was increased compared to eutopic (p = 0.850) and control tissue (p = 0.978) but these differences were not significant. Also, the correlation between IL-4 and miR-21 relative gene expression was not significant (p = 0.083). CONCLUSION The increased expression of miR-21 in endometrium of women with endometriosis may upregulate the IL-4 gene expression and lead to fibrosis. Further studies may suggest miR-21 and IL-4 as candidates for diagnosis of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Sadat Sandoghsaz
- International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fateme Montazeri
- Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hanieh Shafienia
- Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Kalantar
- Reproductive & Genetic Unit, Recurrent Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Science Institute, Yazd University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Javaheri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Morteza Samadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Ciccarelli M, Pires IF, Bauersachs J, Bertrand L, Beauloye C, Dawson D, Hamdani N, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, van Laake LW, Lezoualc'h F, Linke WA, Lunde IG, Rainer PP, Rispoli A, Visco V, Carrizzo A, Ferro MD, Stolfo D, van der Velden J, Zacchigna S, Heymans S, Thum T, Tocchetti CG. Acute heart failure: mechanisms and pre-clinical models-a Scientific Statement of the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2390-2404. [PMID: 37967390 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
While chronic heart failure (CHF) treatment has considerably improved patient prognosis and survival, the therapeutic management of acute heart failure (AHF) has remained virtually unchanged in the last decades. This is partly due to the scarcity of pre-clinical models for the pathophysiological assessment and, consequently, the limited knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in the different AHF phenotypes. This scientific statement outlines the different trajectories from acute to CHF originating from the interaction between aetiology, genetic and environmental factors, and comorbidities. Furthermore, we discuss the potential molecular targets capable of unveiling new therapeutic perspectives to improve the outcome of the acute phase and counteracting the evolution towards CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ciccarelli
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Inês Falcão Pires
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dana Dawson
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St.Josef-Hospital and Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Linda W van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology and Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Lezoualc'h
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR 1297-I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27B, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Division of Diagnostics and Technology (DDT), Akershus University Hospital, and KG Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter P Rainer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz - University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Antonella Rispoli
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Valeria Visco
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Albino Carrizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Laboratory of Vascular Physiopathology-I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Matteo Dal Ferro
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria-Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, The International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Stolfo
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria-Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biology, The International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Cardio-Oncology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DISMET), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational Sciences (CIRCET), Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Fan Y, Wang L, Han X, Ma H, Zhang N, She L. LncRNA ASB16-AS1 accelerates cellular process and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells by regulating GOLM1 expression via targeting miR-3918. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 675:1-9. [PMID: 37429067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reportedly, ovarian cancer (OC) is a major threat to women's health. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ASB16-AS1 has been uncovered to participate in cancer progression. Nevertheless, the role of ASB16-AS1 in OC remains to be revealed. PURPOSE This study aimed to unveil the biological function of ASB16-AS1 and its underlying mechanisms in OC cells. METHODS QRT-PCR was done to test ASB16-AS1 expression in OC cells. Functional assays were performed to evaluate the malignant behaviors and cisplatin resistance of OC cells. Mechanistic analyses were done to investigate the regulatory molecular mechanism in OC cells. RESULTS ASB16-AS1 was found to be highly expressed in OC cells. ASB16-AS1 knockdown repressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of OC cells, while facilitating cell apoptosis. ASB16-AS1 was further validated to up-regulate GOLM1 through competitively binding with miR-3918. Moreover, miR-3918 overexpression was corroborated to suppress OC cell growth. Rescue assays further uncovered that ASB16-AS1 modulated the malignant processes of OC cells via targeting miR-3918/GOLM1 axis. CONCLUSION ASB16-AS1 facilitates the malignant processes and chemoresistance of OC cells via serving as miR-3918 sponge and positively modulating GOLM1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fan
- Department of Gynaecology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, China.
| | - Long Wang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Xuechuang Han
- Department of Gynaecology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, China
| | - Hongyun Ma
- Department of Gynaecology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, China
| | - Lina She
- Department of Gynaecology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, China
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Majid A, Hassan FO, Hoque MM, Gbadegoye JO, Lebeche D. Bioactive Compounds and Cardiac Fibrosis: Current Insight and Future Prospect. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:313. [PMID: 37504569 PMCID: PMC10380727 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10070313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a pathological condition characterized by excessive deposition of collagen and other extracellular matrix components in the heart. It is recognized as a major contributor to the development and progression of heart failure. Despite significant research efforts in characterizing and identifying key molecular mechanisms associated with myocardial fibrosis, effective treatment for this condition is still out of sight. In this regard, bioactive compounds have emerged as potential therapeutic antifibrotic agents due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These compounds exhibit the ability to modulate fibrogenic processes by inhibiting the production of extracellular matrix proteins involved in fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation, or by promoting their breakdown. Extensive investigation of these bioactive compounds offers new possibilities for preventing or reducing cardiac fibrosis and its detrimental consequences. This comprehensive review aims to provide a thorough overview of the mechanisms underlying cardiac fibrosis, address the limitations of current treatment strategies, and specifically explore the potential of bioactive compounds as therapeutic interventions for the treatment and/or prevention of cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Majid
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Translational Research Building, Room 318H, 71 S. Manassas, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Fasilat Oluwakemi Hassan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Translational Research Building, Room 318H, 71 S. Manassas, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Md Monirul Hoque
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Translational Research Building, Room 318H, 71 S. Manassas, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Joy Olaoluwa Gbadegoye
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Translational Research Building, Room 318H, 71 S. Manassas, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Djamel Lebeche
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Translational Research Building, Room 318H, 71 S. Manassas, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
- College of Graduate Health Sciences, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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Ginsenoside Re inhibits myocardial fibrosis by regulating miR-489/myd88/NF-κB pathway. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:218-227. [PMID: 36926602 PMCID: PMC10014187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is an advanced pathological manifestation of many cardiovascular diseases, which can induce heart failure and malignant arrhythmias. However, the current treatment of MF lacks specific drugs. Ginsenoside Re has anti-MF effect in rat, but its mechanism is still not clear. Therefore, we investigated the anti-MF effect of ginsenoside Re by constructing mouse acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model and AngⅡ induced cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) model. Methods The anti-MF effect of miR-489 was investigated by transfection of miR-489 mimic and inhibitor in CFs. Effect of ginsenoside Re on MF and its related mechanisms were investigated by ultrasonographic, ELISA, histopathologic staining, transwell test, immunofluorescence, Western blot and qPCR in the mouse model of AMI and the AngⅡ-induced CFs model. Results MiR-489 decreased the expression of α-SMA, collagenⅠ, collagen Ⅲ and myd88, and inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in normal CFs and CFs treated with AngⅡ. Ginsenoside Re could improve cardiac function, inhibit collagen deposition and CFs migration, promote the transcription of miR-489, and reduce the expression of myd88 and the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65. Conclusion MiR-489 can effectively inhibit the pathological process of MF, and the mechanism is at least partly related to the regulation of myd88/NF-κB pathway. Ginsenoside Re can ameliorate AMI and AngⅡ induced MF, and the mechanism is at least partially related to the regulation of miR-489/myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-489 may be a potential target of anti-MF and ginsenoside Re may be an effective drug for the treatment of MF.
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9
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Shaharyar MA, Bhowmik R, Al-Abbasi FA, AlGhamdi SA, Alghamdi AM, Sarkar A, Kazmi I, Karmakar S. Vaccine Formulation Strategies and Challenges Involved in RNA Delivery for Modulating Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Race from Laboratory to Market. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020241. [PMID: 36851119 PMCID: PMC9963957 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that noncoding RNAs have significant physiological and pathological roles. Modulation of noncoding RNAs may offer therapeutic approaches as per recent findings. Small RNAs, mostly long noncoding RNAs, siRNA, and microRNAs make up noncoding RNAs. Inhibiting or promoting protein breakdown by binding to 3' untranslated regions of target mRNA, microRNAs post-transcriptionally control the pattern of gene expression. Contrarily, long non-coding RNAs perform a wider range of tasks, including serving as molecular scaffolding, decoys, and epigenetic regulators. This article provides instances of long noncoding RNAs and microRNAs that may be a biomarker of CVD (cardiovascular disease). In this paper we highlight various RNA-based vaccine formulation strategies designed to target these biomarkers-that are either currently in the research pipeline or are in the global pharmaceutical market-along with the physiological hurdles that need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Adil Shaharyar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Rudranil Bhowmik
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shareefa A. AlGhamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira M. Alghamdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arnab Sarkar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (S.K.); Tel.: +966-543970731 (I.K.); +91-8017136385 (S.K.)
| | - Sanmoy Karmakar
- Bioequivalence Study Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
- Correspondence: (I.K.); (S.K.); Tel.: +966-543970731 (I.K.); +91-8017136385 (S.K.)
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10
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Liu M, Long X, Xu J, Chen M, Yang H, Guo X, Kang J, Ouyang Y, Luo G, Yang S, Zhou H. Hypertensive heart disease and myocardial fibrosis: How traditional Chinese medicine can help addressing unmet therapeutical needs. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106515. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Abstract
Heart regenerative medicine has been gradually evolving from a view of the heart as a nonregenerative organ with terminally differentiated cardiac muscle cells. Understanding the biology of the heart during homeostasis and in response to injuries has led to the realization that cellular communication between all cardiac cell types holds great promise for treatments. Indeed, recent studies highlight new disease-reversion concepts in addition to cardiomyocyte renewal, such as matrix- and vascular-targeted therapies, and immunotherapy with a focus on inflammation and fibrosis. In this review, we will discuss the cross-talk within the cardiac microenvironment and how specific therapies aim to target the hostile cardiac milieu under pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eldad Tzahor
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Stefanie Dimmeler
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60594 Frankfurt, Germany.,Cardiopulmonary Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
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12
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Ebrahimi N, Parkhideh S, Samizade S, Esfahani AN, Samsami S, Yazdani E, Adelian S, Chaleshtori SR, Shah-Amiri K, Ahmadi A, Aref AR. Crosstalk between lncRNAs in the apoptotic pathway and therapeutic targets in cancer. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2022; 65:61-74. [PMID: 35597701 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The assertion that a significant portion of the mammalian genome has not been translated and that non-coding RNA accounts for over half of polyadenylate RNA have received much attention. In recent years, increasing evidence proposes non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as new regulators of various cellular processes, including cancer progression and nerve damage. Apoptosis is a type of programmed cell death critical for homeostasis and tissue development. Cancer cells often have inhibited apoptotic pathways. It has recently been demonstrated that up/down-regulation of various lncRNAs in certain types of tumors shapes cancer cells' response to apoptotic stimuli. This review discusses the most recent studies on lncRNAs and apoptosis in healthy and cancer cells. In addition, the role of lncRNAs as novel targets for cancer therapy is reviewed here. Finally, since it has been shown that lncRNA expression is associated with specific types of cancer, the potential for using lncRNAs as biomarkers is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sahar Parkhideh
- Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setare Samizade
- Department of Cellular and molecular, School of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Falavarjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Cellular and molecular, School of Biological Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Falavarjan, Iran
| | - Sahar Samsami
- Biotechnology department of Fasa University of medical science, Fasa, Iran
| | - Elnaz Yazdani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran; Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Adelian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Kamal Shah-Amiri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 75169, Iran.
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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13
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Tuo B, Xu J, Zhang W, Li X, Peng L, Zou Q, Deng Y, Lei J, Li H. Upregulation of miR-140-5p uncouples mitochondria by targeting Bcl-xL in vascular smooth muscle cells in angiotensin II-induced hypertension. Bioengineered 2022; 13:1137-1148. [PMID: 35258391 PMCID: PMC8805896 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2017696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II–induced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) remodeling and dysfunction is a major contributor to the development of hypertension. In spite of the low content of mitochondria and their low contribution to bioenergetics in VSMCs, recent studies have suggested that mitochondria play an important role in the regulation of VSMC function. However, the role of mitochondria in angiotensin II–induced VSMC dysfunction remains unknown. Here, we found that angiotensin II decreased the expression of Bcl-2-like protein 1 (Bcl-xL), a newly identified protein in inhibition of uncoupled proton flux in mitochondria through interaction with the β-subunit of ATP synthase, and uncoupled mitochondria in VSMCs both in vivo and in vitro. Overexpression of Bcl-xL restored the mitochondrial and VSMC function in response to angiotensin II treatment in vitro, suggesting that angiotensin II uncouples mitochondria through downregulation of Bcl-xL. Mechanistically, angiotensin II increased the expression of miR-140-5p, which targeted and downregulated Bcl-xL in VSMCs. Inhibition of miR-140-5p using antagomir-140-5p in vivo attenuated mitochondrial uncoupling and hypertension in angiotensin II-treated mice. These results suggested that upregulation of miR-140-5p uncouples mitochondria by targeting Bcl-xL in VSMCs in angiotensin II–induced hypertension, and miR-140-5p and Bcl-xL are potential targets for treatment of vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buxiong Tuo
- Department of Cardiology, 986th Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Cardiology, 986 Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, 986 Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaomiao Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lijing Peng
- Department of Cardiology, 986 Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Zou
- Department of Cardiology, 986 Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Department of Cardiology, 986 Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Junning Lei
- Department of Cardiology, 986 Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Cardiology, 986 Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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14
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Chen GY, Wang D. Prognostic Value of Macrophage-Associated Long Non-Coding RNA Expression for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2022; 14:215-224. [PMID: 35058716 PMCID: PMC8765715 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s340574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is ample evidence that macrophages play a crucial role in the biological processes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study was designed to establish a novel macrophage-associated prognostic model for HCC. Methods Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) microarrays and clinical data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analysed using a univariate Cox proportional regression model to select macrophage-associated prognostic lncRNAs. Multivariate Cox proportional regression models and survival analysis were used to establish a prognosis index (PI) model. Furthermore, to better understand the biological functions of differentially expressed macrophage-associated lncRNAs (MALs) in HCC, enrichment analysis was performed. Finally, the correlation between MALs and clinical features was further analysed in HCC. Results We identified eight MALs with significant prognostic values for HCC. Next, a PI model for HCC was developed, and patients were classified into the high-risk or low-risk group based on risk scores. The overall survival (OS) of high-risk patients was significantly shorter than that of low-risk patients (P < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate factors indicate that risk scores can be used as independent prognostic factors for patients with HCC. Multiple receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plots show that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the risk score is higher than that of other clinical features. The C-index of our nomogram was 0.768. Conclusion The PI model has a prognostic efficacy superior to that of other clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Yu Chen
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital, Zigong, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Guan-Yu Chen Email
| | - Duo Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Lin R, Rahtu-Korpela L, Szabo Z, Kemppi A, Skarp S, Kiviniemi AM, Lepojärvi ES, Halmetoja E, Kilpiö T, Porvari K, Pakanen L, Tolva J, Paakkanen R, Segersvärd H, Tikkanen I, Laine M, Sinisalo J, Lakkisto P, Huikuri H, Magga J, Junttila J, Kerkelä R. MiR-185-5p regulates the development of myocardial fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 165:130-140. [PMID: 34973276 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibrosis stiffens the ventricular wall, predisposes to cardiac arrhythmias and contributes to the development of heart failure. In the present study, our aim was to identify novel miRNAs that regulate the development of cardiac fibrosis and could serve as potential therapeutic targets for myocardial fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Analysis for cardiac samples from sudden cardiac death victims with extensive myocardial fibrosis as the primary cause of death identified dysregulation of miR-185-5p. Analysis of resident cardiac cells from mice subjected to experimental cardiac fibrosis model showed induction of miR-185-5p expression specifically in cardiac fibroblasts. In vitro, augmenting miR-185-5p induced collagen production and profibrotic activation in cardiac fibroblasts, whereas inhibition of miR-185-5p attenuated collagen production. In vivo, targeting miR-185-5p in mice abolished pressure overload induced cardiac interstitial fibrosis. Mechanistically, miR-185-5p targets apelin receptor and inhibits the anti-fibrotic effects of apelin. Finally, analysis of left ventricular tissue from patients with severe cardiomyopathy showed an increase in miR-185-5p expression together with pro-fibrotic TGF-β1 and collagen I. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that miR-185-5p targets apelin receptor and promotes myocardial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhu Lin
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Lea Rahtu-Korpela
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Zoltan Szabo
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Kemppi
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Sini Skarp
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Antti M Kiviniemi
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - E Samuli Lepojärvi
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eveliina Halmetoja
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Teemu Kilpiö
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Katja Porvari
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lasse Pakanen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Forensic Medicine Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Tolva
- Transplantation laboratory, Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Paakkanen
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heli Segersvärd
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilkka Tikkanen
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Laine
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Department of Cardiology, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Lakkisto
- Unit of Cardiovascular Research, Minerva Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Heikki Huikuri
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Magga
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juhani Junttila
- Division of Cardiology, Research Unit of Internal Medicine, University of Oulu and University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Kerkelä
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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16
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Wang S, Liu Y, Hu X, Zhang X, Xu L, Yang Y, Wu R, Wang E, Lv T. Identification of ceRNA (lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA) Regulatory Network in Myocardial Fibrosis After Acute Myocardial Infarction. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:9977-9990. [PMID: 34984022 PMCID: PMC8702784 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s329391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Materials and Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuying Liu
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xitian Hu
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xitian Hu Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, No. 9 Fangbei Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050000, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-17603119015 Email
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rubing Wu
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Enmao Wang
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianjie Lv
- Department of Cardiovasology, Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou Q, Liu L, Zhou J, Chen Y, Xie D, Yao Y, Cui D. Novel Insights Into MALAT1 Function as a MicroRNA Sponge in NSCLC. Front Oncol 2021; 11:758653. [PMID: 34778078 PMCID: PMC8578859 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.758653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript-1 (MALAT1) was initially found to be overexpressed in early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Accumulating studies have shown that MALAT1 is overexpressed in the tissue or serum of NSCLC and plays a key role in its occurrence and development. In addition, the expression level of MALAT1 is significantly related to the tumor size, stage, metastasis, and distant invasion of NSCLC. Therefore, MALAT1 could be used as a biomarker for the early diagnosis, severity assessment, or prognosis evaluation of NSCLC patients. This review describes the basic properties and biological functions of MALAT1, focuses on the specific molecular mechanism of MALAT1 as a microRNA sponge in the occurrence and development of NSCLC in recent years, and emphasizes the application and potential prospect of MALAT1 in molecular biological markers and targeted therapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinfeng Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Lianfang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Dacheng Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital & Thoracic Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinan Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dawei Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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18
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Yu X, Zheng Q, Zhang Q, Zhang S, He Y, Guo W. MCM3AP-AS1: An Indispensable Cancer-Related LncRNA. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:752718. [PMID: 34692706 PMCID: PMC8529123 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.752718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules with transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that have no protein-coding ability. MCM3AP-AS1, a novel lncRNA, is aberrantly expressed in human cancers. It is significantly associated with many clinical characteristics, such as tumor size, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, and pathological grade. Additionally, it considerably promotes or suppresses tumor progression by controlling the biological functions of cells. MCM3AP-AS1 is a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and treatment. In this review, we briefly summarized the published studies on the expression, biological function, and regulatory mechanisms of MCM3AP-AS1. We also discussed the clinical applications of MCM3AP-AS1 as a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingyuan Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiyao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuting He
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenzhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation, Zhengzhou, China
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Sun B, Zhao C, Mao Y. MiR-218-5p Mediates Myocardial Fibrosis after Myocardial Infarction by Targeting CX43. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:4504-4512. [PMID: 34587879 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210929111622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction (MI) has been considered a core factor in the deterioration of cardiac function. Previous studies have shown that miRNA plays an important role in various pathophysiological processes of the heart. However, the role of miRNA in myocardial fibrosis regulation after MI remains unclear. In the present study, we documented that miR-218-5p was significantly decreased in myocardial fibroblasts after MI. METHODS The miRNA expression profiles of MI were downloaded from GEO Datasets. The expression of a fibrosis-related gene in vivo and in vitro was analyzed by RT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Total 7 up- and 9 downregulated common miRNAs were found in the two profiles. Among these common genes, miR-218-5p was downregulated in the MI mice. MiR-218-5p mediated the myocardial fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, we found that GJA1 (CX43) may be the target of miR218-5p, and overexpressed CX43 can partly block the function of miR-218-5p in fibrosis inhibition. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that miR-218-5p plays an important role in myocardial fibrosis after MI by targeting CX43. Thus, miR-218-5p promises to be a potential diagnosis and treatment of myocardial fibrosis after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuimei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Zhang S, Wang N, Ma Q, Fan F, Ma X. LncRNA TUG1 acts as a competing endogenous RNA to mediate CTGF expression by sponging miR-133b in myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:2534-2543. [PMID: 34553456 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is one of the basic causes of many cardiovascular diseases. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), have been reported to play an indispensable role in MF. The current work is focused on investigating the biological role of lncRNA taurine upregulation gene 1 (TUG1) in activating cardiac myofibroblasts as well as the underlying mechanism. The outcome revealed that after myocardial infarction TUG1 expression increased and miR-133b expression decreased in the rat model of MF. The expression level of TUG1 increased following AngII treatment in cardiac myofibroblast. TUG1 knockdown inhibited the Ang-II induced cardiac myofibroblast activation and TUG1 overexpression increased proliferation and collagen generation of cardiac myofibroblasts. Bioinformatic prediction programs predicted that TUG1 had MRE directly combined with miR-133b seed sequence, luciferase activity, and RIP experiments indicated that TUG1, acted as a sponger and interacted with miR-133b in cardiac myofibroblasts. Furthermore, a target of miR-133b was CTGF and CTGF knockdown counteracted the promotion of MF by miR-133b knockdown. Collectively, our study suggested that TUG1 mediates CTGF expression by sponging miR-133b in the activation of cardiac myofibroblasts. The current work reveals a unique role of the TUG1/miR-133b/CTGF axis in MF, thus suggesting its immense therapeutic potential in the treatment of cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Zhang
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ningbo Wang
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Cardiology, Sunsimiao Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Hancheng, China
| | - Qingyan Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fenling Fan
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiancang Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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21
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MicroRNA-26a/b-5p promotes myocardial infarction-induced cell death by downregulating cytochrome c oxidase 5a. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1332-1343. [PMID: 34518647 PMCID: PMC8492744 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00665-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) damage induces various types of cell death, and persistent ischemia causes cardiac contractile decline. An effective therapeutic strategy is needed to reduce myocardial cell death and induce cardiac recovery. Therefore, studies on molecular and genetic biomarkers of MI, such as microRNAs (miRs), have recently been increasing and attracting attention due to the ideal characteristics of miRs. The aim of the present study was to discover novel causative factors of MI using multiomics-based functional experiments. Through proteomic, MALDI-TOF-MS, RNA sequencing, and network analyses of myocardial infarcted rat hearts and in vitro functional analyses of myocardial cells, we found that cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5a (Cox5a) expression is noticeably decreased in myocardial infarcted rat hearts and myocardial cells under hypoxic conditions, regulates other identified proteins and is closely related to hypoxia-induced cell death. Moreover, using in silico and in vitro analyses, we found that miR-26a-5p and miR-26b-5p (miR-26a/b-5p) may directly modulate Cox5a, which regulates hypoxia-related cell death. The results of this study elucidate the direct molecular mechanisms linking miR-26a/b-5p and Cox5a in cell death induced by oxygen tension, which may contribute to the identification of new therapeutic targets to modulate cardiac function under physiological and pathological conditions. Monitoring the activity of two microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, may provide a useful biomarker for heart attack prognosis and inform novel treatments for repairing heart cells. Ki-Chul Hwang and Jung-Won Choi at the Catholic Kwandong University in Gangwon-do, South Korea, and co-workers examined potential causative factors for heart attacks by exploring the activity of microRNAs in rat models and heart cell cultures. They found that levels of a key protein involved in maintaining mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5a (Cox5a), were significantly decreased in heart cells during oxygen deprivation. Further, they identified two microRNAs that acted to inhibit Cox5a after a heart attack. Suppressing these two microRNAs could boost Cox5a activity and limit cell death, although the authors urge caution because microRNAs also play physiological roles in the body.
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22
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Guerra JVS, Dias MMG, Brilhante AJVC, Terra MF, García-Arévalo M, Figueira ACM. Multifactorial Basis and Therapeutic Strategies in Metabolism-Related Diseases. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082830. [PMID: 34444990 PMCID: PMC8398524 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout the 20th and 21st centuries, the incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), also known as chronic diseases, has been increasing worldwide. Changes in dietary and physical activity patterns, along with genetic conditions, are the main factors that modulate the metabolism of individuals, leading to the development of NCDs. Obesity, diabetes, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are classified in this group of chronic diseases. Therefore, understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of these diseases leads us to develop more accurate and effective treatments to reduce or mitigate their prevalence in the population. Given the global relevance of NCDs and ongoing research progress, this article reviews the current understanding about NCDs and their related risk factors, with a focus on obesity, diabetes, MAFLD, and CVDs, summarizing the knowledge about their pathophysiology and highlighting the currently available and emerging therapeutic strategies, especially pharmacological interventions. All of these diseases play an important role in the contamination by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, as well as in the progression and severity of the symptoms of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, we briefly explore the relationship between NCDs and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- João V. S. Guerra
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Polo II de Alta Tecnologia—R. Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil; (J.V.S.G.); (M.M.G.D.); (M.F.T.)
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Marieli M. G. Dias
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Polo II de Alta Tecnologia—R. Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil; (J.V.S.G.); (M.M.G.D.); (M.F.T.)
- Graduate Program in Functional and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil;
| | - Anna J. V. C. Brilhante
- Graduate Program in Functional and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil;
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Brazilian Biorenewables National Laboratory (LNBR), Polo II de Alta Tecnologia—R. Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Maiara F. Terra
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Polo II de Alta Tecnologia—R. Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil; (J.V.S.G.); (M.M.G.D.); (M.F.T.)
- Graduate Program in Functional and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil;
| | - Marta García-Arévalo
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Polo II de Alta Tecnologia—R. Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil; (J.V.S.G.); (M.M.G.D.); (M.F.T.)
- Correspondence: or (M.G.-A.); (A.C.M.F.)
| | - Ana Carolina M. Figueira
- Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Polo II de Alta Tecnologia—R. Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, Campinas 13083-100, Brazil; (J.V.S.G.); (M.M.G.D.); (M.F.T.)
- Correspondence: or (M.G.-A.); (A.C.M.F.)
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Alterations in Circulating MicroRNAs and the Relation of MicroRNAs to Maximal Oxygen Consumption and Intima-Media Thickness in Ultra-Marathon Runners. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147234. [PMID: 34299680 PMCID: PMC8307599 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The impact of long-term training on cardiovascular disease (CVD) is not clear. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) test is recommended as a useful measure to diagnose the early stages of atherosclerosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are altered due to endurance exercise and can be promising biomarkers of pathophysiological changes. We aimed to evaluate the association of circulating miRNAs with physical fitness and markers of atherosclerosis in ultra-marathon runners. Ultra-marathon runners had 28-fold upregulation of miR-125a-5p expressions compared to control individuals (p = 0.002), whereas let-7e and miR-126 did not differ statistically between ultra-marathon runners and controls. In the ultra-marathon runners' group, negative correlations were observed between VO2max/kg and relative expression of miR-125a-5p and miR-126 (r = -0.402, p = 0.028; r = -0.438, p = 0.032, respectively). Positive correlations were observed between CIMT and miR-125a-5p and miR-126 (r = 0.388, p = 0.050; r = 0.504, p = 0.023, respectively) in ultra-marathon runners. Individuals with the highest quartile of VO2max/kg had 23-fold lower miR-126 expression in comparison to subgroups with lower VO2max/kg (p = 0.017). Our results may indicate that both miRNAs may serve as a biomarker for early pathological changes leading to atherosclerosis burden in athletes. Furthermore, the association between miRNAs and traditional risk factors for CVD indicate a possible use of these molecules as early biomarkers of future cardiovascular health.
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24
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Liu HM, Liu LM, Zhang Y, Cong X, Wu LL, Xiang RL. Integrated analysis of lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in the submandibular glands of DIO mice. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1846-1860. [PMID: 34192397 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity contributes to the dysfunction of salivary gland. To explore the specific underlying mechanism for obesity-induced hyposalivation, a model for high-fat diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were constructed to analyze long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) expression profiles. METHODS The DIO group and control group were fed a diet containing 60 kcal% fat and a normal chow diet for 16 weeks respectively. Microarray analyses were performed to detect the expression profiles of lncRNA and mRNA in submandibular gland tissues from control group mice and DIO mice. Gene ontology, kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, protein-protein interaction, coding-non-coding gene co-expression, transcription factors and competing endogenous RNA analyses were performed to examine the function of differentially expressed genes. RESULTS Microarray analyses identified that 624 lncRNAs, along with 297 mRNAs were differentially expressed. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that "complement and coagulation cascades," "glutathione metabolism," "cysteine and methionine metabolism," and "estrogen signaling pathway" were significantly associated with candidate lncRNAs. Transcription factors analysis on candidate lncRNAs revealed several genes such as tribbles pseudokinase 3 may play regulatory roles. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed the expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs and provided new insights into the mechanism of obesity-induced hyposalivation using bioinformatic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Mei Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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25
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Xintarakou A, Tzeis S, Psarras S, Asvestas D, Vardas P. Atrial fibrosis as a dominant factor for the development of atrial fibrillation: facts and gaps. Europace 2021; 22:342-351. [PMID: 31998939 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most commonly diagnosed arrhythmia, affects a notable percentage of the population and constitutes a major risk factor for thromboembolic events and other heart-related conditions. Fibrosis plays an important role in the onset and perpetuation of AF through structural and electrical remodelling processes. Multiple molecular pathways are involved in atrial substrate modification and the subsequent maintenance of AF. In this review, we aim to recapitulate underlying molecular pathways leading to atrial fibrosis and to indicate existing gaps in the complex interplay of atrial fibrosis and AF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stylianos Tzeis
- Cardiology Department, Mitera General Hospital, Hygeia Group, Athens, Greece
| | - Stelios Psarras
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Asvestas
- Cardiology Department, Mitera General Hospital, Hygeia Group, Athens, Greece
| | - Panos Vardas
- Heart Sector, Hygeia Hospitals Group, 5, Erithrou Stavrou, Marousi, Athens 15123, Greece
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26
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Jiang C, Zhao Q, Wang C, Peng M, Hao G, Liu Z, Fu W, Zhao K. Downregulation of Long Noncoding RNA LINC00261 Attenuates Myocardial Infarction through the miR-522-3p/Trinucleotide Repeat-Containing Gene 6a (TNRC6A) Axis. Cardiovasc Ther 2021; 2021:6628194. [PMID: 34239606 PMCID: PMC8235986 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6628194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI) is cardiac tissue necrosis caused by acute and persistent ischemic hypoxia of the coronary arteries. This study is aimed at investigating the expression of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00261 in MI and its effect on myocardial cells. METHODS qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression levels of LINC00261, miR-522-3p, and TNRC6A in normal and MI cells. Western blotting analysis was performed to detect the expression of TNRC6A protein. Viability and apoptosis of myocardial cells after MI with the knockout of LINC00261 or TNRC6A were detected. The relationships among miR-522-3p, LINC00261, and TNRC6A in cardiomyocytes were evaluated using a double luciferase reporter gene assay. Hypoxic preconditioning in normal cells was used to construct a simulated MI environment to investigate the effect of LINC00261 on apoptosis of cardiac cells. RESULTS LINC00261 and TNRC6A were upregulated, while miR-522-3p was downregulated in coronary heart disease tissues with MI. Knockout of LINC00261 can increase the viability of cardiomyocytes and inhibit cell apoptosis. LINC00261 targets miR-522-3p in cardiomyocytes. In addition, miR-522-3p targets TNRC6A in cardiomyocytes. TNRC6A regulates cell viability and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes after MI, and TNRC6A-induced MI can be reversed by overexpression of miR-522-3p. CONCLUSIONS LINC00261 downregulated miR-522-3p in cardiomyocytes after MI by directly targeting miR-522-3p. TNRC6A is the direct target of miR-522-3p. Our results indicated that LINC00261 might serve as a therapeutic target for the treatment of MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoxin Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510240, China
| | - Chenlong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528244, China
| | - Minyan Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China
| | - Guoqing Hao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China
| | - Zhifeng Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, China
| | - Wenjin Fu
- Department of Laboratory, Affiliated Houjie Hospital, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, Guangdong 523945, China
| | - Kewei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510240, China
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27
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Zhao H, Yang H, Geng C, Chen Y, Tang Y, Li Z, Pang J, Shu T, Nie Y, Liu Y, Jia K, Wang J. Elevated IgE promotes cardiac fibrosis by suppressing miR-486a-5p. Theranostics 2021; 11:7600-7615. [PMID: 34158869 PMCID: PMC8210611 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Cardiac fibrosis is an important feature of cardiac remodeling and is a hallmark of heart failure. Recent studies indicate that elevated IgE plays a causal role in pathological cardiac remodeling. However, the underlying mechanism of how IgE promotes cardiac fibrosis has not been fully elucidated. Methods and Results: To explore the function of IgE in cardiac fibrosis, we stimulated mouse primary cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) with IgE and found that both IgE receptor (FcεR1) and fibrosis related proteins were increased after IgE stimulation. Specific deletion of FcεR1 in CFs alleviated angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac fibrosis in mice. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the IgE-mediated cardiac fibrosis, deep miRNA-seq was performed. Bioinformatics and signaling pathway analysis revealed that IgE upregulated Col1a1 and Col3a1 expression in CFs by repressing miR-486a-5p, with Smad1 participating downstream of miR-486a-5p in this process. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of miR-486a-5p was found to alleviate Ang II-induced myocardial interstitial fibrosis in mice. Moreover, miR-486-5p serum levels were lower in patients with heart failure than in healthy controls, and were negatively correlated with NT-proBNP levels. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that elevated IgE promotes pathological cardiac fibrosis by modulating miR-486a-5p and downstream factors, such as Smad1. These findings suggest new targets for pathological cardiac fibrosis intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hongqin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Chi Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yaqin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Junling Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Ting Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yu Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 102308, China
| | - Yongshuo Liu
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Genome Editing Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, China
| | - Kegang Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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He J, Wang HB, Huang JJ, Zhang L, Li DL, He WY, Xiong QM, Qin ZS. Diabetic neuropathic pain induced by streptozotocin alters the expression profile of non-coding RNAs in the spinal cord of mice as determined by sequencing analysis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:775. [PMID: 34055074 PMCID: PMC8145263 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes. Patients with DNP always exhibit spontaneous and stimulus-evoked pain. However, the pathogenesis of DNP remains to be fully elucidated. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) serve important roles in several cellular processes and dysregulated expression may result in the development of several diseases, including DNP. Although ncRNAs have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of DNP, their precise roles remain to be determined. In the present study, sequencing analysis was used to investigate the expression patterns of coding genes, microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the spinal cord of mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DNP. A total of 30 mRNAs, 148 miRNAs, 9 lncRNAs and 135 circRNAs exhibited significantly dysregulated expression 42 days after STZ injection. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that protein digestion and absorption pathways were the most significantly affected pathways of the differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs. The Rap1 signaling pathway, human T-lymphotropic virus-I infection and the MAPK signaling pathway were the three most significant pathways of the DE miRNAs. A total of 2,118 distinct circRNAs were identified and the length of the majority of the circRNAs was <1,000 nucleotides (nt) (1,552 circRNAs were >1,000 nt) with a median length of 620 nt. In the present study, the expression characteristics of coding genes, miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in DNP mice were determined; it paves the road for further studies on the mechanisms associated with DNP and potentially facilitates the discovery of novel ncRNAs for therapeutic targeting in the management of DNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Han Bin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Jiang Ju Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Dong Lin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Wan You He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Qing Ming Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Zai Sheng Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
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Landmesser U, Poller W, Tsimikas S, Most P, Paneni F, Lüscher TF. From traditional pharmacological towards nucleic acid-based therapies for cardiovascular diseases. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:3884-3899. [PMID: 32350510 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapeutics are currently developed at large scale for prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), since: (i) genetic studies have highlighted novel therapeutic targets suggested to be causal for CVD; (ii) there is a substantial recent progress in delivery, efficacy, and safety of nucleic acid-based therapies; (iii) they enable effective modulation of therapeutic targets that cannot be sufficiently or optimally addressed using traditional small molecule drugs or antibodies. Nucleic acid-based therapeutics include (i) RNA-targeted therapeutics for gene silencing; (ii) microRNA-modulating and epigenetic therapies; (iii) gene therapies; and (iv) genome-editing approaches (e.g. CRISPR-Cas-based): (i) RNA-targeted therapeutics: several large-scale clinical development programmes, using antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) or short interfering RNA (siRNA) therapeutics for prevention and management of CVD have been initiated. These include ASO and/or siRNA molecules to lower apolipoprotein (a) [apo(a)], proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), apoCIII, ANGPTL3, or transthyretin (TTR) for prevention and treatment of patients with atherosclerotic CVD or TTR amyloidosis. (ii) MicroRNA-modulating and epigenetic therapies: novel potential therapeutic targets are continually arising from human non-coding genome and epigenetic research. First microRNA-based therapeutics or therapies targeting epigenetic regulatory pathways are in clinical studies. (iii) Gene therapies: EMA/FDA have approved gene therapies for non-cardiac monogenic diseases and LDL receptor gene therapy is currently being examined in patients with homozygous hypercholesterolaemia. In experimental studies, gene therapy has significantly improved cardiac function in heart failure animal models. (iv) Genome editing approaches: these technologies, such as using CRISPR-Cas, have proven powerful in stem cells, however, important challenges are remaining, e.g. low rates of homology-directed repair in somatic cells such as cardiomyocytes. In summary, RNA-targeted therapies (e.g. apo(a)-ASO and PCSK9-siRNA) are now in large-scale clinical outcome trials and will most likely become a novel effective and safe therapeutic option for CVD in the near future. MicroRNA-modulating, epigenetic, and gene therapies are tested in early clinical studies for CVD. CRISPR-Cas-mediated genome editing is highly effective in stem cells, but major challenges are remaining in somatic cells, however, this field is rapidly advancing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, CC11 (Cardiovascular Medicine), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Strasse 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Poller
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, CC11 (Cardiovascular Medicine), Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sotirios Tsimikas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, BSB 1080, La Jolla, CA 92093-0682, USA
| | - Patrick Most
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Translational Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.,Molecular and Translational Cardiology, Department of Medicine III, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 669, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesco Paneni
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, MOU2, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland.,Research, Education and Development, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital Trust and Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, Guy Scadding Building, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK
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Yu YH, Zhang YH, Ding YQ, Bi XY, Yuan J, Zhou H, Wang PX, Zhang LL, Ye JT. MicroRNA-99b-3p promotes angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis in mice by targeting GSK-3β. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:715-725. [PMID: 32814818 PMCID: PMC8115164 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0498-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a typical pathological change in various cardiovascular diseases. Although it has been recognized as a crucial risk factor responsible for heart failure, there is still a lack of effective treatment. Recent evidence shows that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the development of cardiac fibrosis and represent novel therapeutic targets. In this study we tried to identify the cardiac fibrosis-associated miRNA and elucidate its regulatory mechanisms in mice. Cardiac fibrosis was induced by infusion of angiotensin II (Ang II, 2 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 2 weeks via osmotic pumps. We showed that Ang II infusion induced cardiac disfunction and fibrosis accompanied by markedly increased expression level of miR-99b-3p in heart tissues. Upregulation of miR-99b-3p and fibrotic responses were also observed in cultured rat cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) treated with Ang II (100 nM) in vitro. Transfection with miR-99b-3p mimic resulted in the overproduction of fibronectin, collagen I, vimentin and α-SMA, and facilitated the proliferation and migration of CFs. On the contrary, transfection with specific miR-99b-3p inhibitor attenuated Ang II-induced fibrotic responses. Similarly, intravenous injection of specific miR-99b-3p antagomir could prevent Ang II-infused mice from cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis. We identified glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) as a direct target of miR-99b-3p. In CFs, miR-99b-3p mimic significantly reduced the expression of GSK-3β, leading to activation of its downstream profibrotic effector Smad3, whereas miR-99b-3p inhibitor caused anti-fibrotic effects. GSK-3β knockdown ameliorated the anti-fibrotic role of miR-99b-3p inhibitor. These results suggest that miR-99b-3p contributes to Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis at least partially through GSK-3β. The modulation of miR-99b-3p may provide a new approach for tackling fibrosis-related cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Hui Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yan-Qing Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xue-Ying Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Pan-Xia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li-Li Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jian-Tao Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Kalyanasundaram A, Li N, Gardner ML, Artiga EJ, Hansen BJ, Webb A, Freitas MA, Pietrzak M, Whitson BA, Mokadam NA, Janssen PML, Mohler PJ, Fedorov VV. Fibroblast-Specific Proteotranscriptomes Reveal Distinct Fibrotic Signatures of Human Sinoatrial Node in Nonfailing and Failing Hearts. Circulation 2021; 144:126-143. [PMID: 33874740 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.051583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 50% of the adult human sinoatrial node (SAN) is composed of dense connective tissue. Cardiac diseases including heart failure (HF) may increase fibrosis within the SAN pacemaker complex, leading to impaired automaticity and conduction of electric activity to the atria. Unlike the role of cardiac fibroblasts in pathologic fibrotic remodeling and tissue repair, nothing is known about fibroblasts that maintain the inherently fibrotic SAN environment. METHODS Intact SAN pacemaker complex was dissected from cardioplegically arrested explanted nonfailing hearts (non-HF; n=22; 48.7±3.1 years of age) and human failing hearts (n=16; 54.9±2.6 years of age). Connective tissue content was quantified from Masson trichrome-stained head-center and center-tail SAN sections. Expression of extracellular matrix proteins, including collagens 1 and 3A1, CILP1 (cartilage intermediate layer protein 1), and POSTN (periostin), and fibroblast and myofibroblast numbers were quantified by in situ and in vitro immunolabeling. Fibroblasts from the central intramural SAN pacemaker compartment (≈10×5×2 mm3) and right atria were isolated, cultured, passaged once, and treated ± transforming growth factor β1 and subjected to comprehensive high-throughput next-generation sequencing of whole transcriptome, microRNA, and proteomic analyses. RESULTS Intranodal fibrotic content was significantly higher in SAN pacemaker complex from HF versus non-HF hearts (57.7±2.6% versus 44.0±1.2%; P<0.0001). Proliferating phosphorylated histone 3+/vimentin+/CD31- (cluster of differentiation 31) fibroblasts were higher in HF SAN. Vimentin+/α-smooth muscle actin+/CD31- myofibroblasts along with increased interstitial POSTN expression were found only in HF SAN. RNA sequencing and proteomic analyses identified unique differences in mRNA, long noncoding RNA, microRNA, and proteomic profiles between non-HF and HF SAN and right atria fibroblasts and transforming growth factor β1-induced myofibroblasts. Specifically, proteins and signaling pathways associated with extracellular matrix flexibility, stiffness, focal adhesion, and metabolism were altered in HF SAN fibroblasts compared with non-HF SAN. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed increased SAN-specific fibrosis with presence of myofibroblasts, CILP1, and POSTN-positive interstitial fibrosis only in HF versus non-HF human hearts. Comprehensive proteotranscriptomic profiles of SAN fibroblasts identified upregulation of genes and proteins promoting stiffer SAN extracellular matrix in HF hearts. Fibroblast-specific profiles generated by our proteotranscriptomic analyses of the human SAN provide a comprehensive framework for future studies to investigate the role of SAN-specific fibrosis in cardiac rhythm regulation and arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Kalyanasundaram
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.M.L.J., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
- Bob and Corrine Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.M.L.J., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
- Bob and Corrine Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Miranda L Gardner
- Cancer Biology and Genetics (M.L.G., M.A.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Esthela J Artiga
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.M.L.J., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
- Bob and Corrine Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Brian J Hansen
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.M.L.J., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
- Bob and Corrine Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Amy Webb
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resources (A.W., M.P.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Michael A Freitas
- Cancer Biology and Genetics (M.L.G., M.A.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Maciej Pietrzak
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resources (A.W., M.P.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Bryan A Whitson
- Department of Surgery (B.A.W., N.A.M.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Nahush A Mokadam
- Department of Surgery (B.A.W., N.A.M.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Paul M L Janssen
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.M.L.J., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Peter J Mohler
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.M.L.J., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
- Bob and Corrine Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
| | - Vadim V Fedorov
- Department of Physiology & Cell Biology (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.M.L.J., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
- Bob and Corrine Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute (A.K., N.L., E.J.A., B.J.H., P.J.M., V.V.F.), The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus
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Mandoli GE, D'Ascenzi F, Vinco G, Benfari G, Ricci F, Focardi M, Cavigli L, Pastore MC, Sisti N, De Vivo O, Santoro C, Mondillo S, Cameli M. Novel Approaches in Cardiac Imaging for Non-invasive Assessment of Left Heart Myocardial Fibrosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:614235. [PMID: 33937354 PMCID: PMC8081830 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.614235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past, the identification of myocardial fibrosis was only possible through invasive histologic assessment. Although endomyocardial biopsy remains the gold standard, recent advances in cardiac imaging techniques have enabled non-invasive tissue characterization of the myocardium, which has also provided valuable insights into specific disease processes. The diagnostic accuracy, incremental yield and prognostic value of speckle tracking echocardiography, late gadolinium enhancement and parametric mapping modules by cardiac magnetic resonance and cardiac computed tomography have been validated against tissue samples and tested in broad patient populations, overall providing relevant clinical information to the cardiologist. This review describes the patterns of left ventricular and left atrial fibrosis, and their characterization by advanced echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance and cardiac computed tomography, allowing for clinical applications in sudden cardiac death and management of atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Elena Mandoli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Flavio D'Ascenzi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Vinco
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benfari
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Ricci
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "G.d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Casa di Cura Villa Serena, Città Sant'Angelo, Italy
| | - Marta Focardi
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Luna Cavigli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Pastore
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicolò Sisti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Oreste De Vivo
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ciro Santoro
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, Federico II University Hospital Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Sergio Mondillo
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Matteo Cameli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, Division of Cardiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Stienen S, Ferreira JP, Bär C, Thum T, Barros A, Pitt B, Girerd N, Rossignol P, Zannad F. Serum microRNAs and antifibrotic response to eplerenone in acute myocardial infarction complicated by systolic dysfunction. Int J Cardiol 2021; 332:35-37. [PMID: 33676945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.02.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After myocardial infarction (MI) complicated by heart failure (HF), eplerenone reduced serum concentrations of amino-terminal propeptide of type III collagen (PIIINP) and carboxy-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (PICP). Determining a subgroup who are more prone to decrease their collagen content and to respond better to the antifibrotic effects of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) may be relevant for a personalized treatment approach. Whether circulating microRNAs may identify a subgroup that have experienced a more pronounced antifibrotic effect of eplerenone as measured by a PICP and PIIINP decrease is unclear. METHODS A set of circulating microRNAs linked to cardiac fibrosis (mir-1, mir-21, mir-29a, mir-29b, mir-101, mir-122, mir-133a) were measured at baseline in 198 patients in the biomarker substudy of Eplerenone Post-Acute Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure Efficacy and Survival Study (EPHESUS). Associations between baseline microRNA levels and changes in both PIIINP and PICP from baseline to month 9 were studied using multivariable analysis of covariance, adjusting for age, sex, history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, prescription of ACE-inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, baseline PIIINP or PICP, and eplerenone treatment. Furthermore, a treatment-by-microRNA interaction was studied. RESULTS From the selected microRNAs, only mir-133a was associated with a PICP decrease (ß-6.43, 95%CI-12.71 to -0.15,p = 0.045). None of the microRNAs was associated with a PIIINP change. The microRNAs did not predict an effect of eplerenone on PICP and PIIINP changes. CONCLUSION Although serum mir-133a was associated with PICP change, none of the microRNAs previously linked to cardiac fibrosis predicted an antifibrotic response to eplerenone. Further study is needed to identify other suitable targets for a personalized treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Stienen
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France; Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - João Pedro Ferreira
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit (UnIC), Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Christian Bär
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - António Barros
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit (UnIC), Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bertram Pitt
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, United States of America
| | - Nicolas Girerd
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM U1116, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France.
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Li X, Yang Y, Chen S, Zhou J, Li J, Cheng Y. Epigenetics-based therapeutics for myocardial fibrosis. Life Sci 2021; 271:119186. [PMID: 33577852 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF) is a reactive remodeling process in response to myocardial injury. It is mainly manifested by the proliferation of cardiac muscle fibroblasts and secreting extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to replace damaged tissue. However, the excessive production and deposition of extracellular matrix, and the rising proportion of type I and type III collagen lead to pathological fibrotic remodeling, thereby facilitating the development of cardiac dysfunction and eventually causing heart failure with heightened mortality. Currently, the molecular mechanisms of MF are still not fully understood. With the development of epigenetics, it is found that epigenetics controls the transcription of pro-fibrotic genes in MF by DNA methylation, histone modification and noncoding RNAs. In this review, we summarize and discuss the research progress of the mechanisms underlying MF from the perspective of epigenetics, including the newest m6A modification and crosstalk between different epigenetics in MF. We also offer a succinct overview of promising molecules targeting epigenetic regulators, which may provide novel therapeutic strategies against MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuping Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Sixuan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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Saadat S, Noureddini M, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Nazemi S, Shojaie L, Aschner M, Maleki B, Abbasi-Kolli M, Rajabi Moghadam H, Alani B, Mirzaei H. Pivotal Role of TGF-β/Smad Signaling in Cardiac Fibrosis: Non-coding RNAs as Effectual Players. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 7:588347. [PMID: 33569393 PMCID: PMC7868343 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.588347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unintended cardiac fibroblast proliferation in many pathophysiological heart conditions, known as cardiac fibrosis, results in pooling of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the heart muscle. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) as a pivotal cytokine/growth factor stimulates fibroblasts and hastens ECM production in injured tissues. The TGF-β receptor is a heterodimeric receptor complex on the plasma membrane, made up from TGF-β type I, as well as type II receptors, giving rise to Smad2 and Smad3 transcription factors phosphorylation upon canonical signaling. Phosphorylated Smad2, Smad3, and cytoplasmic Smad4 intercommunicate to transfer the signal to the nucleus, culminating in provoked gene transcription. Additionally, TGF-β receptor complex activation starts up non-canonical signaling that lead to the mitogen-stimulated protein kinase cascade activation, inducing p38, JNK1/2 (c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2), and ERK1/2 (extracellular signal–regulated kinase 1/2) signaling. TGF-β not only activates fibroblasts and stimulates them to differentiate into myofibroblasts, which produce ECM proteins, but also promotes fibroblast proliferation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important regulators of numerous pathways along with cellular procedures. MicroRNAs and circular long ncRNAs, combined with long ncRNAs, are capable of affecting TGF-β/Smad signaling, leading to cardiac fibrosis. More comprehensive knowledge based on these processes may bring about new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for different cardiac disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Saadat
- Physiology Research Centre, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Noureddini
- Physiology Research Centre, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sina Nazemi
- Vascular and Thorax Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Department of Medicine, Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Behnaz Maleki
- Physiology Research Centre, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Rajabi Moghadam
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Behrang Alani
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Li J, Tu J, Gao H, Tang L. MicroRNA-425-3p inhibits myocardial inflammation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mice with viral myocarditis through targeting TGF-β1. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2020; 9:288-298. [PMID: 33332750 PMCID: PMC7860592 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective Emerging articles have profiled the relations between microRNAs and viral myocarditis. This research was unearthed to explore the capacity of miR‐425‐3p on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mice with viral myocarditis and its mechanism. Methods A total of 120 mice were classified into 4 groups in a random fashion (n = 30). The mice were intraperitoneally injected with coxsackievirus type B3 (CVB3) to induce myocarditis. On the 7th day after CVB3 infection, 10 mice in each group were euthanized to assess the heart function indices of mice, observe the pathological conditions, detect myocardial tissue apoptosis, and measure the inflammatory factor levels in myocardial tissues. Expression of miR‐425‐3p, transforming growth factor (TGF‐β1), and apoptosis‐associated proteins in myocardial tissues was determined. The remaining 20 mice in each group were used for survival observation. The luciferase activity assay was implemented to validate the relationship between miR‐425‐3p and TGF‐β1. miR‐425‐3p mimic was transfected into mouse cardiomyocytes HL‐1 and then infected with CVB3 to further verify the regulatory effect of miR‐425‐3p on the cardiomyocyte apoptosis in viral myocarditis. Results miR‐425‐3p was lowly expressed in myocardial tissues of mice with viral myocarditis. Overexpressed miR‐425‐3p improved the cardiac function, alleviated pathological conditions, reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis, decreased Bax and cleaved Caspase‐3 expression, elevated Bcl‐2 expression, decreased levels of inflammatory factors and improved survival rate of mice with viral myocarditis. Luciferase activity assay verified that miR‐425‐3p could bind to TGF‐β1, and overexpressed miR‐425‐3p suppressed TGF‐β1, p‐smad2/smad2 and p‐smad3/smad3 expression. In vitro experiments further verified that overexpression of miR‐425‐3p inhibited the apoptosis of CVB3‐HL‐1 cells, and the addition of TGF‐β1 would reverse this effect. Conclusion Our research indicates that miR‐425‐3p is poorly expressed in myocardial tissues of mice with viral myocarditis. Overexpressed miR‐425‐3p inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis and myocardial inflammation in mice with viral myocarditis as well as improves their survival rates through suppressing the TGF‐β1/smad axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University (The First Hospital of Nanchang), Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiehong Tu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University (The First Hospital of Nanchang), Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University (The First Hospital of Nanchang), Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, XD Group Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Li D, Mao C, Zhou E, You J, Gao E, Han Z, Fan Y, He Q, Wang C. MicroRNA-21 Mediates a Positive Feedback on Angiotensin II-Induced Myofibroblast Transformation. J Inflamm Res 2020; 13:1007-1020. [PMID: 33273841 PMCID: PMC7708310 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s285714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Post myocardial infarction (MI) fibrosis has been identified as an important factor in the progression of heart failure. Previous studies have revealed that microRNA-21 (miR-21) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of miR-21 in post-MI cardiac fibrosis. Material and Methods MI was established in wild-type (WT) and miR-21 knockout (KO) mice. Primary mice cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were isolated from WT and miR-21 KO mice and were treated with angiotensin II (Ang II) or Sprouty1 (Spry1) siRNA. Histological analysis and echocardiography were used to determine the extent of fibrosis and cardiac function. Results Compared with WT mice, miR-21 KO mice displayed smaller fibrotic areas and decreased expression of fibrotic markers and inflammatory cytokines. In parallel, Ang II-induced myofibroblasts transformation was partially inhibited upon miR-21 KO in primary CFs. Mechanistically, we found that the expression of Spry1, a previously reported target of miR-21, was markedly increased in miR-21 KO mice post MI, further inhibiting ERK1/2 activation. In vitro studies showed that Ang II activated ERK1/2/TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway. Phosphorylated Smad2/3 further enhanced the expression of α-SMA and FAP and may promote the maturation of miR-21, thereby downregulating Spry1. Additionally, these effects of miR-21 KO on fibrosis were reversed by siRNA-mediated knockdown of Spry1. Conclusion Our findings suggest that miR-21 promotes post-MI fibrosis by targeting Spry1. Furthermore, it mediates a positive feedback on Ang II, thereby inducing the ERK/TGF-β/Smad pathway. Therefore, targeting the miR-21–Spry1 axis may be a promising therapeutic option for ameliorating post-MI cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjiu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyu Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - En Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayin You
- Department of Emergency, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhihua Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Changqian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
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Dai B, Wang F, Nie X, Du H, Zhao Y, Yin Z, Li H, Fan J, Wen Z, Wang DW, Chen C. The Cell Type-Specific Functions of miR-21 in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Genet 2020; 11:563166. [PMID: 33329700 PMCID: PMC7714932 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.563166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the prime reasons for disability and death worldwide. Diseases and conditions, such as hypoxia, pressure overload, infection, and hyperglycemia, might initiate cardiac remodeling and dysfunction by inducing hypertrophy or apoptosis in cardiomyocytes and by promoting proliferation in cardiac fibroblasts. In the vascular system, injuries decrease the endothelial nitric oxide levels and affect the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells. Understanding the underlying mechanisms will be helpful for the development of a precise therapeutic approach. Various microRNAs are involved in mediating multiple pathological and physiological processes in the heart. A cardiac enriched microRNA, miR-21, which is essential for cardiac homeostasis, has been demonstrated to act as a cell–cell messenger with diverse functions. This review describes the cell type–specific functions of miR-21 in different cardiovascular diseases and its prospects in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Dai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Nie
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Hengzhi Du
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongwei Yin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis, the expansion of the cardiac interstitium through deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, is a common pathophysiologic companion of many different myocardial conditions. Fibrosis may reflect activation of reparative or maladaptive processes. Activated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are the central cellular effectors in cardiac fibrosis, serving as the main source of matrix proteins. Immune cells, vascular cells and cardiomyocytes may also acquire a fibrogenic phenotype under conditions of stress, activating fibroblast populations. Fibrogenic growth factors (such as transforming growth factor-β and platelet-derived growth factors), cytokines [including tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-4], and neurohumoral pathways trigger fibrogenic signalling cascades through binding to surface receptors, and activation of downstream signalling cascades. In addition, matricellular macromolecules are deposited in the remodelling myocardium and regulate matrix assembly, while modulating signal transduction cascades and protease or growth factor activity. Cardiac fibroblasts can also sense mechanical stress through mechanosensitive receptors, ion channels and integrins, activating intracellular fibrogenic cascades that contribute to fibrosis in response to pressure overload. Although subpopulations of fibroblast-like cells may exert important protective actions in both reparative and interstitial/perivascular fibrosis, ultimately fibrotic changes perturb systolic and diastolic function, and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of arrhythmias. This review article discusses the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis in various myocardial diseases, including myocardial infarction, heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction, genetic cardiomyopathies, and diabetic heart disease. Development of fibrosis-targeting therapies for patients with myocardial diseases will require not only understanding of the functional pluralism of cardiac fibroblasts and dissection of the molecular basis for fibrotic remodelling, but also appreciation of the pathophysiologic heterogeneity of fibrosis-associated myocardial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), The Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue Forchheimer G46B, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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40
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Zhang C, Han B, Xu T, Li D. The biological function and potential mechanism of long non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular disease. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12900-12909. [PMID: 33052009 PMCID: PMC7701533 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as part of the family of non-protein-coding transcripts, are implicated in the occurrence and progression of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). With recent advances in lncRNA research, these molecules are purported to regulate gene expression at multiple levels, thereby producing beneficial or detrimental biological effects during CVD pathogenesis. At the transcriptional level, lncRNAs affect gene expression by interacting with DNA and proteins, for example, components of chromatin-modifying complexes, or transcription factors affecting chromatin status. These potential mechanisms suggest that lncRNAs guide proteins to specific gene loci (eg promoter regions), or forestall proteins to specific genomic sites via DNA binding. Additionally, some lncRNAs are required for correct chromatin conformation, which occurs via chromatin looping in enhancer-like models. At the post-transcriptional level, lncRNAs interact with RNA molecules, mainly microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs, potentially regulating CVD pathophysiological processes. Moreover, lncRNAs appear to post-transcriptionally modulate gene expression by participating in mRNA splicing, stability, degradation and translation. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of lncRNAs implicated in CVD biological processes, with an emphasis on potential mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengmeng Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tongda Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dongye Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Soplinska A, Zareba L, Wicik Z, Eyileten C, Jakubik D, Siller-Matula JM, De Rosa S, Malek LA, Postula M. MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Systemic Changes in Response to Endurance Exercise-A Comprehensive Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10100813. [PMID: 33066215 PMCID: PMC7602033 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endurance sports have an unarguably beneficial influence on cardiovascular health and general fitness. Regular physical activity is considered one of the most powerful tools in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. MicroRNAs are small particles that regulate the post-transcription gene expression. Previous studies have shown that miRNAs might be promising biomarkers of the systemic changes in response to exercise, before they can be detected by standard imaging or laboratory methods. In this review, we focused on four important physiological processes involved in adaptive changes to various endurance exercises (namely, cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac myocyte damage, fibrosis, and inflammation). Moreover, we discussed miRNAs’ correlation with cardiopulmonary fitness parameter (VO2max). After a detailed literature search, we found that miR-1, miR-133, miR-21, and miR-155 are crucial in adaptive response to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Soplinska
- Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (L.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.E.); (D.J.); (J.M.S.-M.)
| | - Lukasz Zareba
- Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (L.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.E.); (D.J.); (J.M.S.-M.)
| | - Zofia Wicik
- Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (L.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.E.); (D.J.); (J.M.S.-M.)
- Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal do ABC, São Paulo 055080-90, Brazil
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (L.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.E.); (D.J.); (J.M.S.-M.)
| | - Daniel Jakubik
- Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (L.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.E.); (D.J.); (J.M.S.-M.)
| | - Jolanta M. Siller-Matula
- Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (L.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.E.); (D.J.); (J.M.S.-M.)
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Salvatore De Rosa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Magna Graecia” University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Lukasz A. Malek
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Cardiology, 04-635 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marek Postula
- Center for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (L.Z.); (Z.W.); (C.E.); (D.J.); (J.M.S.-M.)
- Longevity Center, 00-761 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-221166160; Fax: +48-221166202
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42
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Ding Y, Wang Y, Zhang W, Jia Q, Wang X, Li Y, Lv S, Zhang J. Roles of Biomarkers in Myocardial Fibrosis. Aging Dis 2020; 11:1157-1174. [PMID: 33014530 PMCID: PMC7505259 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is observed in various cardiovascular diseases and plays a key role in the impairment of cardiac function. Endomyocardial biopsy, as the gold standard for the diagnosis of myocardial fibrosis, has limitations in terms of clinical application. Therefore, biomarkers have been recommended for noninvasive assessment of myocardial fibrosis. This review discusses the role of biomarkers in myocardial fibrosis from the perspective of collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejia Ding
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Wanqin Zhang
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Qiujin Jia
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- 3Qian'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qian'an 064400, China
| | - Yanyang Li
- 4Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Shichao Lv
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.,2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Junping Zhang
- 1First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
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Gaikwad AV, Eapen MS, McAlinden KD, Chia C, Larby J, Myers S, Dey S, Haug G, Markos J, Glanville AR, Sohal SS. Endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 14:1027-1043. [PMID: 32659128 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1795832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible fibrotic disease associated with respiratory failure. The disease remains idiopathic, but repeated alveolar epithelium injury, disruption of alveolar-capillary integrity, abnormal vascular repair, and pulmonary vascular remodeling are considered possible pathogenic mechanisms. Also, the development of comorbidities such as pulmonary hypertension (PH) could further impact disease outcome, quality of life and survival rates in IPF. AREAS COVERED The current review provides a comprehensive literature survey of the mechanisms involved in the development and manifestations of IPF and their links to PH pathology. This review also provides the current understanding of molecular mechanisms that link the two pathologies and will specifically decipher the role of endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) along with the possible triggers of EndMT. The possibility of targeting EndMT as a therapeutic option in IPF is discussed. EXPERT OPINION With a steady increase in prevalence and mortality, IPF is no longer considered a rare disease. Thus, it is of utmost importance and urgency that the underlying profibrotic pathways and mechanisms are fully understood, to enable the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Vijay Gaikwad
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania , Launceston, Australia
| | - Mathew Suji Eapen
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania , Launceston, Australia
| | - Kielan D McAlinden
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania , Launceston, Australia
| | - Collin Chia
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania , Launceston, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Launceston General Hospital , Launceston, Australia
| | - Josie Larby
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania , Launceston, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Launceston General Hospital , Launceston, Australia
| | - Stephen Myers
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania , Launceston, Australia
| | - Surajit Dey
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania , Launceston, Australia
| | - Greg Haug
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania , Launceston, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Launceston General Hospital , Launceston, Australia
| | - James Markos
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania , Launceston, Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Launceston General Hospital , Launceston, Australia
| | - Allan R Glanville
- Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Thoracic Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital , Sydney, Australia
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania , Launceston, Australia
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Sadat-Ebrahimi SR, Aslanabadi N. Role of MicroRNAs in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Acute Heart Failure: Ambassadors from Intracellular Zone. Galen Med J 2020; 9:e1818. [PMID: 34466598 PMCID: PMC8343948 DOI: 10.31661/gmj.v9i0.1818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute heart failure (AHF) is one of the burdensome diseases affecting a considerable proportion of the population. Recently, it has been demonstrated that micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) can exert diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic roles in a variety of conditions including AHF. These molecules play essential roles in HF-related pathophysiology, particularly, cardiac fibrosis, and hypertrophy. Some miRNAs namely miRNA-423-5p are reported to have both diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. However, some studies suggest that combination of biomarkers is a much better way to achieve the highest accuracy such as the combination of miRNAs and N-terminal pro b-type Natriuretic Peptide (NT pro-BNP). Therefore, this review discusses different views towards various roles of miRNAs in AHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed-Reza Sadat-Ebrahimi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Madani Heart Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naser Aslanabadi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Madani Heart Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Correspondence to: Naser Aslanabadi, Professor of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Madani Heart Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Telephone Number: +989143110844 Email Address:
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Ben-Nun D, Buja LM, Fuentes F. Prevention of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF): reexamining microRNA-21 inhibition in the era of oligonucleotide-based therapeutics. Cardiovasc Pathol 2020; 49:107243. [PMID: 32629211 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2020.107243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for 50% of cases of heart failure, which is the most common cause of hospitalization in US patients over the age of 65. HFpEF pathogenesis is increasingly believed to be due to pathological hypertrophy and fibrosis of the myocardium that may be a result of systemic inflammation from comorbid conditions such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, anemia, chronic kidney disease and others. It is believed that oxidative stress triggers a process of pathological hypertrophy and fibrosis in cardiac endothelial cells, which leads to increased left ventricle filling pressures and, eventually, symptoms of heart failure. Numerous recent major clinical trials that have examined various therapies aimed at improving mortality in HFpEF have emerged empty-handed and thus the search for effective management strategies continues. Over the last several years, there have been many new developments in the field of antisense oligonucleotide-based therapeutics, which involves using noncoding nucleic acid particles such as microRNA and small interfering RNA to repress the expression of specific messenger RNA. In this article, we review the concept of using oligonucleotide-based therapeutics to prevent or treat HFpEF by targeting a specific microRNA that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy, microRNA-21 (miR-21). We review the various evidence that implicates miR-21 in the process of myocardial fibrosis and discuss recent attempts to use antimiR-21 compounds to prevent fibrosis. We also discuss proposed methods for screening patients at high risk for HFpEF for diastolic dysfunction in order to determine which patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ben-Nun
- Tel Aviv University Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, NY St..., 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - L Maximilian Buja
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School
| | - Francisco Fuentes
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, McGovern Medical School
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Downregulated PEG3 ameliorates cardiac fibrosis and myocardial injury in mice with ischemia/reperfusion through the NF-κB signaling pathway. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:143-154. [PMID: 32350757 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09831-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Expression of paternally-expressed gene 3 (PEG3) has been identified in new cardiac adult stem cell population, which is involved in post-myocardial infarction remodeling. The cardiac fibroblasts function in the repair and remodeling events after myocardial ischemia, while the role of PEG3 in these events has not been investigated yet. In this study, artificial knockdown of PEG3 through p-LV-GFP-sh-PEG3 injection was performed in a ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) mouse model to explore the role of PEG3 in cardiac fibrosis, myocardial injury and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Besides, the involvement of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway was illuminated by transduction of inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). Both shRNA-mediated silencing of PEG3 and inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway were shown to significantly reduce myocardial injury, infarction size, alleviated myocardium remodeling and cardiac fibrosis, along with repressed cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Additionally, we also found that the NF-κB signaling pathway activation was blocked by PEG3 silencing, which could further enhance the protective effects of PEG3 inhibition against I/R induced injury. This study highlights the importance of PEG3 silencing in preventing cardiac fibrosis and myocardial injury after I/R by inactivating the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Ben‐Zvi I, Volinsky N, Grosman‐Rimon L, Haviv I, Rozen G, Andria N, Asulin N, Margalit N, Marai I, Amir O. Cardiac-peripheral transvenous gradients of microRNA expression in systolic heart failure patients. ESC Heart Fail 2020; 7:835-843. [PMID: 32253819 PMCID: PMC7261589 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The aims of the study are to assess the levels of coronary sinus (CS) miRNAs of systolic heart failure (HF) patients in samples obtained during cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device implantation and compare them to the peripheral systemic venous miRNA expression. Methods and Results The cardiac specific miRNA levels were assessed in 60 patients, 39 HF patients with reduced ejection fraction and 21 control patients. The levels of four cardiac specified miRNAs (miR‐21‐5p, miR‐92b‐3p, miR‐125b‐5p, and miR‐133a‐3p) were compared between the peripheral samples of HF and controls and between peripheral venous in CS in the HF groups. Compared with controls, HF patients had higher peripheral serum venous levels of miR‐125b‐5p and miR‐133‐3p. In the HF group, the levels of expression were higher for miR‐125b‐5p and lower for miR‐92, and miR‐21‐5p in the CS, compared with the peripheral venous circulation. Conclusions The differences in miRNA expressions in CS compared with those in the periphery suggest that changes that may occur at the levels of the myocardial tissue in HF may be more relevant to our understanding of the biological linkage between miRNA expression and HF, than the traditional analysis of systemic serum miRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inbar Ben‐Zvi
- Cardiovascular Department and Research CenterBaruch Padeh Medical CenterTiberiasIsrael
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the GalileeBar‐Ilan UniversitySafedIsrael
| | - Natalia Volinsky
- Cardiovascular Department and Research CenterBaruch Padeh Medical CenterTiberiasIsrael
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the GalileeBar‐Ilan UniversitySafedIsrael
| | - Liza Grosman‐Rimon
- Cardiovascular Department and Research CenterBaruch Padeh Medical CenterTiberiasIsrael
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the GalileeBar‐Ilan UniversitySafedIsrael
| | - Izhak Haviv
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the GalileeBar‐Ilan UniversitySafedIsrael
| | - Guy Rozen
- Cardiovascular Department and Research CenterBaruch Padeh Medical CenterTiberiasIsrael
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the GalileeBar‐Ilan UniversitySafedIsrael
- Cardiac Arrhythmia ServiceMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | - Nizar Andria
- Cardiovascular Department and Research CenterBaruch Padeh Medical CenterTiberiasIsrael
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the GalileeBar‐Ilan UniversitySafedIsrael
| | - Nofar Asulin
- Cardiovascular Department and Research CenterBaruch Padeh Medical CenterTiberiasIsrael
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the GalileeBar‐Ilan UniversitySafedIsrael
| | - Nufar Margalit
- Cardiovascular Department and Research CenterBaruch Padeh Medical CenterTiberiasIsrael
| | - Ibrahim Marai
- Cardiovascular Department and Research CenterBaruch Padeh Medical CenterTiberiasIsrael
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the GalileeBar‐Ilan UniversitySafedIsrael
| | - Offer Amir
- Cardiovascular Department and Research CenterBaruch Padeh Medical CenterTiberiasIsrael
- The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the GalileeBar‐Ilan UniversitySafedIsrael
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Chen G, Huang S, Song F, Zhou Y, He X. Lnc-Ang362 is a pro-fibrotic long non-coding RNA promoting cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction by suppressing Smad7. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 685:108354. [PMID: 32240638 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac fibrosis following myocardial infarction (MI) leads to cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Dysregulation of Smad7 which negatively regulates the profibrotic transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad signaling promotes cardiac fibrosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying TGF-β1/Smad7 dysregulation remain elusive. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recently emerging as important regulators of cardiac diseases. Here, we report lnc-Ang362 is a novel lncRNA mediating MI-induced fibrosis through TGF-β1/Smad7 signaling pathway. METHODS AND RESULTS The MI model was established by artificial coronary artery occlusion in rats. Microarray analysis identified 215 lncRNAs (fold change > 2.0, P < 0.05) differentially expressed between MI hearts and the sham group 4 weeks after MI. Lnc-Ang362 had the highest fold upregulation and the change was validated by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Also, MI caused a marked increase in TGF-β1 and collagen I/III expression, but significantly downregulated Smad7 expression. Adult rat cardiac fibroblasts (RCFs) treated with TGF-β1 showed increased lnc-Ang362 expression and decreased Smad7 expression. Moreover, overexpression and knockdown of lnc-Ang362 by small interfering RNAs reduced and increased Smad7 expression, respectively. Importantly, this result was negatively correlated with the expression of collagen I/III in RCFs. Furthermore, the luciferase reporter assays confirmed that Smad7 was a validated lnc-Ang362 target. Further silencing Smad7 attenuated the effects of lnc-Ang362 knockdown on decreasing collagen I/III expression in RCFs. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested lnc-Ang362 promoted cardiac fibrosis after MI via directly suppressing Smad7, which may decrease the inhibitory feedback regulation of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. Thus, lnc-Ang362 may be a novel profibrotic lncRNA in the regulation of cardiac fibrosis post MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Sihui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feier Song
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yingling Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xuyu He
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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Jusic A, Devaux Y. Mitochondrial noncoding RNA-regulatory network in cardiovascular disease. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:23. [PMID: 32140778 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0783-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function and integrity are vital for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis, particularly in high-energy demanding cells. Cardiomyocytes have a large number of mitochondria, which provide a continuous and bulk supply of the ATP necessary for cardiac mechanical function. More than 90% of the ATP consumed by the heart is derived from the mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Decreased energy supply as the main consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). The discovery of noncoding RNA (ncRNAs) in the mitochondrial compartment has changed the traditional view of molecular pathways involved in the regulatory network of CVD. Mitochondrial ncRNAs participate in controlling cardiovascular pathogenesis by regulating glycolysis, mitochondrial energy status, and the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial metabolism. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of the association between impaired mitochondrial function resulting from fluctuation in expression levels of ncRNAs and specific disease phenotype can aid in preventing and treating CVD. This review presents an overview of the role of mitochondrial ncRNAs in the complex regulatory network of the cardiovascular pathology. We will summarize and discuss (1) mitochondrial microRNAs (mitomiRs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) encoded either by nuclear or mitochondrial genome which are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism; (2) the role of mitomiRs and lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of several CVD such as hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, acute myocardial infarction and heart failure; (3) the biomarker and therapeutic potential of mitochondrial ncRNAs in CVD; (4) and the challenges inherent to their translation into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amela Jusic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B rue Edison, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg.
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Abstract
RNA modulation has become a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of several types of disease. The emerging field of noncoding RNA-based therapies has now come to the attention of cardiovascular research, in which it could provide valuable advancements in comparison to current pharmacotherapy such as small molecule drugs or antibodies. In this review, we focus on noncoding RNA-based studies conducted mainly in large-animal models, including pigs, rabbits, dogs, and nonhuman primates. The obstacles and promises of targeting long noncoding RNAs and circRNAs as therapeutic modalities in humans are specifically discussed. We also describe novel ex vivo methods based on human cells and tissues, such as engineered heart tissues and living myocardial slices that could help bridging the gap between in vivo models and clinical applications in the future. Finally, we summarize antisense oligonucleotide drugs that have already been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for targeting mRNAs and discuss the progress of noncoding RNA-based drugs in clinical trials. Additional factors, such as drug chemistry, drug formulations, different routes of administration, and the advantages of RNA-based drugs, are also included in the present review. Recently, first therapeutic miRNA-based inhibitory strategies have been tested in heart failure patients as well as healthy volunteers to study effects on wound healing (NCT04045405; NCT03603431). In summary, a combination of novel therapeutic RNA targets, large-animal models, ex vivo studies with human cells/tissues, and new delivery techniques will likely lead to significant progress in the development of noncoding RNA-based next-generation therapeutics for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kai Huang
- From the Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (C.-K.H., S.K.-K., T.T.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Sabine Kafert-Kasting
- From the Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (C.-K.H., S.K.-K., T.T.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- From the Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (C.-K.H., S.K.-K., T.T.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
- REBIRTH Center of Translational Regenerative Medicine (T.T.), Hannover Medical School, Germany
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