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Yao Z, Song P, Jiao W. Pathogenic role of super-enhancers as potential therapeutic targets in lung cancer. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1383580. [PMID: 38681203 PMCID: PMC11047458 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1383580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is still one of the deadliest malignancies today, and most patients with advanced lung cancer pass away from disease progression that is uncontrollable by medications. Super-enhancers (SEs) are large clusters of enhancers in the genome's non-coding sequences that actively trigger transcription. Although SEs have just been identified over the past 10 years, their intricate structure and crucial role in determining cell identity and promoting tumorigenesis and progression are increasingly coming to light. Here, we review the structural composition of SEs, the auto-regulatory circuits, the control mechanisms of downstream genes and pathways, and the characterization of subgroups classified according to SEs in lung cancer. Additionally, we discuss the therapeutic targets, several small-molecule inhibitors, and available treatment options for SEs in lung cancer. Combination therapies have demonstrated considerable advantages in preclinical models, and we anticipate that these drugs will soon enter clinical studies and benefit patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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2
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Kim C, Wang XD, Liu Z, Hao J, Wang S, Li P, Zi Z, Ding Q, Jang S, Kim J, Luo Y, Huffman KE, Pal Choudhuri S, del Rio S, Cai L, Liang H, Drapkin BJ, Minna JD, Yu Y. Induced degradation of lineage-specific oncoproteins drives the therapeutic vulnerability of small cell lung cancer to PARP inhibitors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadh2579. [PMID: 38241363 PMCID: PMC10798557 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh2579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Although BRCA1/2 mutations are not commonly found in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), a substantial fraction of SCLC shows clinically relevant response to PARP inhibitors (PARPis). However, the underlying mechanism(s) of PARPi sensitivity in SCLC is poorly understood. We performed quantitative proteomic analyses and identified proteomic changes that signify PARPi responses in SCLC cells. We found that the vulnerability of SCLC to PARPi could be explained by the degradation of lineage-specific oncoproteins (e.g., ASCL1). PARPi-induced activation of the E3 ligase HUWE1 mediated the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)-dependent ASCL1 degradation. Although PARPi induced a general DNA damage response in SCLC cells, this signal generated a cell-specific response in ASCL1 degradation, leading to the identification of HUWE1 expression as a predictive biomarker for PARPi. Combining PARPi with agents targeting these pathways markedly improved therapeutic response in SCLC. The degradation of lineage-specific oncoproteins therefore represents a previously unidentified mechanism for PARPi efficacy in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiho Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zhengshuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jianwei Hao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qing Ding
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Seoyeon Jang
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jiwoong Kim
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yikai Luo
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kenneth E. Huffman
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shreoshi Pal Choudhuri
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Sofia del Rio
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ling Cai
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Drapkin
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - John D. Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Tanaka T, Umemura S, Miyoshi T, Nakai T, Noritake O, Suzuki J, Tane K, Samejima J, Aokage K, Mimaki S, Tsuchihara K, Taki T, Miyazaki S, Watanabe R, Sakashita S, Sakamoto N, Kojima M, Goto K, Ikeda N, Tsuboi M, Ishii G. The prognostic impact of a high number of peritumoral alveolar macrophages in neuroendocrine carcinoma in the lung. Pathol Int 2023; 73:497-508. [PMID: 37589431 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are resident macrophages in the lungs; however, whether the number of AMs plays a role in the lung neuroendocrine tumor (NET) prognosis remains unclear. We counted the number of AMs located around the tumor (peritumoral alveolar macrophages [pAMs]) and the number of AMs located apart from the tumor (distant macrophages; dAMs). In 73 cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC: small cell lung carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma), the group that contained higher pAMs (≥86/μm2 ) revealed shorter recurrent-free survival (RFS) than those with lower pAMs (<86/μm2 ) (p = 0.005). Bivariate analysis showed that the number of pAMs was an independent predictor of a poor RFS. In contrast, in the carcinoid tumor cohort (n = 29), there was no statistically significant correlation between the two groups with high and low numbers of pAMs in RFS (p = 0.113). Furthermore, we examined the correlation between genomic alterations and the number of pAMs in NEC, but no significant correlation was observed. In conclusion, the number of pAMs is a prognostic factor for NEC in the lung and pAMs may contribute to tumor progression within the peritumoral microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Tanaka
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeki Umemura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Miyoshi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tokiko Nakai
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Osamu Noritake
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jun Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenta Tane
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Joji Samejima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiju Aokage
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Mimaki
- Division of Translational Informatics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuya Tsuchihara
- Division of Translational Informatics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Taki
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Saori Miyazaki
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Reiko Watanabe
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shingo Sakashita
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kojima
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koichi Goto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Innovative Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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Wei SJ, Yang IH, Mohiuddin IS, Kshirsagar GJ, Nguyen TH, Trasti S, Maurer BJ, Kang MH. DNA-PKcs as an upstream mediator of OCT4-induced MYC activation in small cell lung cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194939. [PMID: 37116859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.194939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a neuroendocrine tumor noted for the rapid development of both metastases and resistance to chemotherapy. High mutation burden, ubiquitous loss of TP53 and RB1, and a mutually exclusive amplification of MYC gene family members contribute to genomic instability and make the development of new targeted agents a challenge. Previously, we reported a novel OCT4-induced MYC transcriptional activation pathway involving c-MYC, pOCT4S111, and MAPKAPK2 in progressive neuroblastoma, also a neuroendocrine tumor. Using tumor microarray analysis of clinical samples and preclinical models, we now report a correlation in expression between these proteins in SCLC. In correlating c-MYC protein expression with genomic amplification, we determined that some SCLC cell lines exhibited high c-MYC without genomic amplification, implying amplification-independent MYC activation. We then confirmed direct interaction between OCT4 and DNA-PKcs and identified specific OCT4 and DNA-PKcs binding sites. Knock-down of both POU5F1 (encoding OCT4) and PRKDC (encoding DNA-PKcs) resulted in decreased c-MYC expression. Further, we confirmed binding of OCT4 to the promoter/enhancer region of MYC. Together, these data establish the presence of a DNA-PKcs/OCT4/c-MYC pathway in SCLCs. We then disruptively targeted this pathway and demonstrated anticancer activity in SCLC cell lines and xenografts using both DNA-PKcs inhibitors and a protein-protein interaction inhibitor of DNA-PKcs and OCT4. In conclusion, we demonstrate here that DNA-PKcs can mediate high c-MYC expression in SCLCs, and that this pathway may represent a new therapeutic target for SCLCs with high c-MYC expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Jen Wei
- Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - In-Hyoung Yang
- Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Ismail S Mohiuddin
- Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Ganesh J Kshirsagar
- Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Thinh H Nguyen
- Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Scott Trasti
- Laboratory Animal Resources Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Barry J Maurer
- Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Min H Kang
- Cancer Center, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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5
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Khadela A, Postwala H, Rana D, Dave H, Ranch K, Boddu SHS. A review of recent advances in the novel therapeutic targets and immunotherapy for lung cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:152. [PMID: 37071269 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02005-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is amongst the most pervasive malignancies having high mortality rates. It is broadly grouped into non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). The concept of personalized medicine has overshadowed the conventional chemotherapy given to all patients with lung cancer. The targeted therapy is given to a particular population having specific mutations to help in the better management of lung cancer. The targeting pathways for NSCLC include the epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, MET (Mesenchymal epithelial transition factor) oncogene, Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS), and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). SCLC targeting pathway includes Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) inhibitors, checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK 1) pathway, WEE1 pathway, Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR)/Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), and Delta-like canonical Notch ligand 3 (DLL-Immune checkpoint inhibitors like programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/ programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors and Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA4) blockade are also utilized in the management of lung cancer. Many of the targeted therapies are still under development and require clinical trials to establish their safety and efficacy. This review summarizes the mechanism of molecular targets and immune-mediated targets, recently approved drugs, and their clinical trials for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Khadela
- Department of Pharmacology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India.
| | - Humzah Postwala
- Pharm.D Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Deval Rana
- Pharm.D Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Hetvi Dave
- Pharm.D Section, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Ketan Ranch
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharm. Technology, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India
| | - Sai H S Boddu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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Redin E, Garrido-Martin EM, Valencia K, Redrado M, Solorzano JL, Carias R, Echepare M, Exposito F, Serrano D, Ferrer I, Nunez-Buiza A, Garmendia I, García-Pedrero JM, Gurpide A, Paz-Ares L, Politi K, Montuenga LM, Calvo A. YES1 is a druggable oncogenic target in Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022; 17:1387-1403. [PMID: 35988891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an extremely aggressive subtype of lung cancer without approved targeted therapies. Here we identified YES1 as a novel targetable oncogene driving SCLC maintenance and metastasis. OBJECTIVES To investigate the role of YES1 in SCLC prognosis and evaluate its inhibition as a new therapeutic strategy. METHODS Association between YES1 levels and prognosis was evaluated in SCLC clinical samples. In vitro functional experiments for proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle and cytotoxicity were performed. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of YES1 was evaluated in vivo in cell-/patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and in metastasis. YES1 levels were evaluated in mouse and patients' plasma-derived exosomes MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Overexpression or gain/amplification of YES1 was identified in 31% and 26% of cases, respectively, across molecular subgroups, and was found as an independent predictor of poor prognosis. Genetic depletion of YES1 dramatically reduced cell proliferation, 3D organoid formation, tumor growth and distant metastasis, leading to extensive apoptosis and tumor regressions. Mechanistically, YES1-inhibited cells showed alterations in the replisome and DNA repair processes, that conferred sensitivity to irradiation. Pharmacological blockade with the novel YES1 inhibitor CH6953755 or Dasatinib induced significant anti-tumor activity in organoid models and cell-/patient-derived xenografts. YES1 protein was detected in plasma exosomes from patients and mouse models, with levels matching those of tumors, suggesting that circulating YES1 could represent a biomarker for patient selection/monitoring. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence that YES1 is a new druggable oncogenic target and biomarker to advance the clinical management of a subpopulation of SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Redin
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; IDISNA; Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eva M Garrido-Martin
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Cell Biology, Research and Development, Oncology Business Unit, PharmaMar, Madrid, Spain; Hospital 12 de Octubre-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karmele Valencia
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; IDISNA
| | - Miriam Redrado
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IDISNA
| | - Jose Luis Solorzano
- Anatomic Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid, Spain; Hospital 12 de Octubre-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Carias
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mirari Echepare
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IDISNA; Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco Exposito
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; IDISNA; Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Diego Serrano
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IDISNA; Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Irene Ferrer
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Hospital 12 de Octubre-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Nunez-Buiza
- Hospital 12 de Octubre-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irati Garmendia
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm, Inflammation, complement and cancer group, Paris, France
| | - Juana M García-Pedrero
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Alfonso Gurpide
- Department of Oncology, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis Paz-Ares
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Hospital 12 de Octubre-CNIO Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, CNIO, Madrid, Spain
| | - Katerina Politi
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Luis M Montuenga
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; IDISNA; Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Calvo
- Program in Solid Tumors, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERONC, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; IDISNA; Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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7
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Takahashi K, Taki S, Yasui H, Nishinaga Y, Isobe Y, Matsui T, Shimizu M, Koike C, Sato K. HER2 targeting near-infrared photoimmunotherapy for a CDDP-resistant small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:8808-8819. [PMID: 34729945 PMCID: PMC8683547 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is tyrosine kinase receptor that belongs to the ErbB family and is overexpressed on the membrane surface of various cancer cells, including small cell lung cancer (SCLC); however, no HER2 targeted therapy for SCLC have yet been established. Near‐infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR‐PIT) is a novel cancer therapy based on photo‐absorber, IRDye‐700DX (IR700), ‐antibody conjugates, and near‐infrared (NIR) light. Methods We used HER2‐positive SCLC parental cell lines (SBC‐3) and its chemoresistant cell lines, and examined therapeutic efficacy of HER2 targeting NIR‐PIT using anti HER2 antibody trastuzumab. Results We found that HER2 expression was upregulated on chemoresistant cell lines, especially cisplatin‐resistance (SBC‐3/CDDP). In vitro, the rate of cell death increased with the amount of NIR‐light irradiation, and it was significantly higher in SBC‐3/CDDP than in SBC‐3. In vivo, tumor growth was more suppressed in SBC‐3/CDDP group than in SBC‐3 group, and survival period tended to be prolonged. Conclusion In this study, we demonstrated that HER2 targeting NIR‐PIT using trastuzumab is promising therapy for HER2‐positive SCLC, and is more effective when HER2 expression is upregulated due to CDDP resistance, suggesting that the HER2 expression level positively corelated with the efficacy of NIR‐PIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuomi Takahashi
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shunichi Taki
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Yasui
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuko Nishinaga
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Isobe
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshinori Matsui
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Misae Shimizu
- B3 Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chiaki Koike
- B3 Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,B3 Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya, Japan.,JST, CREST, FOREST-Souhatsu, Tokyo, Japan.,S-YLC, Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya, Japan
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8
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Wang Z, Zhou C, Yang S. The roles, controversies, and combination therapies of autophagy in lung cancer. Cell Biol Int 2021; 46:3-11. [PMID: 34546599 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death among men and women worldwide. The disease initially has a silent phenotype, which leads to the progression of the disease and ultimately the lack of proper response to routine treatments. Autophagy, known as an intracellular "recycle bin" for the degradation of defective proteins and molecules, is one of the mechanisms that has been considered in the context of cancer in recent years. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of published articles on autophagy in the context of lung cancer to have a complete view of the role of autophagy in lung cancer and its possible treatments. PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched until June 15 to find related articles. No specific search filters or restrictions were applied. The results were entered into reference management software for aggregation and management. The full text of all articles was screened and studied. In conclusion, studies on the exact function of autophagy in lung cancer are contradictory, but what can be concluded from a review of literature on lung cancer is that targeting autophagy combined with traditional routine therapies such as chemotherapy, especially in advanced stages of lung cancer, can be an effective anticancer approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chunyang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- Department of Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
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9
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Wakiyama H, Kato T, Furusawa A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Near infrared photoimmunotherapy of cancer; possible clinical applications. NANOPHOTONICS 2021; 10:3135-3151. [PMID: 36405499 PMCID: PMC9646249 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2021-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new cancer treatment that uses an antibody-photo-absorber conjugate (APC) composed of a targeting monoclonal antibody conjugated with a photoactivatable phthalocyanine-derivative dye, IRDye700DX (IR700). APCs injected into the body can bind to cancer cells where they are activated by local exposure to NIR light typically delivered by a NIR laser. NIR light alters the APC chemical conformation inducing damage to cancer cell membranes, resulting in necrotic cell death within minutes of light exposure. NIR-PIT selectivity kills cancer cells by immunogenic cell death (ICD) with minimal damage to adjacent normal cells thus, leading to rapid recovery by the patient. Moreover, since NIR-PIT induces ICD only on cancer cells, NIR-PIT initiates and activates antitumor host immunity that could be further enhanced when combined with immune checkpoint inhibition. NIR-PIT induces dramatic changes in the tumor vascularity causing the super-enhanced permeability and retention (SUPR) effect that dramatically enhances nanodrug delivery to the tumor bed. Currently, a worldwide Phase 3 study of NIR-PIT for recurrent or inoperable head and neck cancer patients is underway. In September 2020, the first APC and accompanying laser system were conditionally approved for clinical use in Japan. In this review, we introduce NIR-PIT and the SUPR effect and summarize possible applications of NIR-PIT in a variety of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Wakiyama
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Takuya Kato
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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10
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Nor Hisam NS, Ugusman A, Rajab NF, Ahmad MF, Fenech M, Liew SL, Mohamad Anuar NN. Combination Therapy of Navitoclax with Chemotherapeutic Agents in Solid Tumors and Blood Cancer: A Review of Current Evidence. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091353. [PMID: 34575429 PMCID: PMC8468743 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy emerges as a fundamental scheme in cancer. Many targeted therapeutic agents are developed to be used with chemotherapy or radiation therapy to enhance drug efficacy and reduce toxicity effects. ABT-263, known as navitoclax, mimics the BH3-only proteins of the BCL-2 family and has a high affinity towards pro-survival BCL-2 family proteins (i.e., BCL-XL, BCL-2, BCL-W) to induce cell apoptosis effectively. A single navitoclax action potently ameliorates several tumor progressions, including blood and bone marrow cancer, as well as small cell lung carcinoma. Not only that, but navitoclax alone also therapeutically affects fibrotic disease. Nevertheless, outcomes from the clinical trial of a single navitoclax agent in patients with advanced and relapsed small cell lung cancer demonstrated a limited anti-cancer activity. This brings accumulating evidence of navitoclax to be used concomitantly with other chemotherapeutic agents in several solid and non-solid tumors that are therapeutically benefiting from navitoclax treatment in preclinical studies. Initially, we justify the anti-cancer role of navitoclax in combination therapy. Then, we evaluate the current evidence of navitoclax in combination with the chemotherapeutic agents comprehensively to indicate the primary regulator of this combination strategy in order to produce a therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Syahidah Nor Hisam
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.S.N.H.); (S.L.L.)
| | - Azizah Ugusman
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Nor Fadilah Rajab
- Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness, Programme of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.F.R.); (M.F.)
| | - Mohd Faizal Ahmad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Michael Fenech
- Center for Healthy Ageing & Wellness, Programme of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.F.R.); (M.F.)
- Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA 5048, Australia
| | - Sze Ling Liew
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.S.N.H.); (S.L.L.)
| | - Nur Najmi Mohamad Anuar
- Programme of Biomedical Science, Centre for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia; (N.S.N.H.); (S.L.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-13-3845844
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11
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Ohara K, Kinoshita S, Ando J, Azusawa Y, Ishii M, Harada S, Mitsuishi Y, Asao T, Tajima K, Yamamoto T, Takahashi F, Komatsu N, Takahashi K, Ando M. SCLC-J1, a novel small cell lung cancer cell line. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 27:101089. [PMID: 34381882 PMCID: PMC8339127 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a type of high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma. It initially responds to chemotherapy but rapidly becomes chemoresistant and it is highly proliferative. The prognosis in SCLC is poor. We have established a novel SCLC cell line, SCLC-J1, from a malignant pleural effusion in a patient with advanced SCLC. SCLC-J1 cells express ganglioside GD2, CD276, and Delta-like protein 3. RB1 is lost. These features of the new SCLC cell line may be useful in understanding the cellular and molecular biology of SCLC and in designing better treatment. A novel small lung cancer cell line, SCLC-J1, was successfully established. SCLC-J1 cells express the tumor-specific antigens ganglioside GD2, CD276, and Delta-like protein 3. RB1 is lost. SCLC-J1 will provide insights into SCLC biology that may permit better therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Ohara
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kinoshita
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Jun Ando
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Department of Transfusion Medicine and Stem Cell Regulation, Japan
| | - Yoko Azusawa
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Stem Cell Regulation, Japan
| | - Midori Ishii
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Sakiko Harada
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Mitsuishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Asao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ken Tajima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Taketsugu Yamamoto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, 3211, Kozukue, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Fumiyuki Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Norio Komatsu
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Miki Ando
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
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12
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Li M, Shan W, Hua Y, Chao F, Cui Y, Lv L, Dou X, Bian X, Zou J, Li H, Lin W. Exosomal miR-92b-3p Promotes Chemoresistance of Small Cell Lung Cancer Through the PTEN/AKT Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:661602. [PMID: 34136482 PMCID: PMC8201786 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.661602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to first-line chemotherapy drugs has become an obstacle to improving the clinical prognosis of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Exosomal microRNAs have been shown to play pro- and anti-chemoresistant roles in various cancers, but their role in SCLC chemoresistance has never been explored. In this study, we observed that the expression of exosomal miR-92b-3p was significantly increased in patients who developed chemoresistance. Luciferase reporter analysis confirmed that PTEN was a target gene of miR-92b-3p. The PTEN/AKT regulatory network was related to miR-92b-3p-mediated cell migration and chemoresistance in vitro and in vivo in SCLC. Importantly, exosomes isolated from the conditioned medium of SBC-3 cells overexpressing miR-92b-3p could promote SCLC chemoresistance and cell migration. Furthermore, we found that plasma miR-92b-3p levels were significantly higher in patients with chemoresistant SCLC than in those with chemosensitive SCLC, but the levels were down-regulated in patients who achieved remission. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that SCLC patients with high miR-92b-3p expression were associated with shorter progression-free survival. Overall, our results suggested that exosomal miR-92b-3p is a potential dynamic biomarker to monitor chemoresistance in SCLC and represents a promising therapeutic target for chemoresistant SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wulin Shan
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Hua
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Fengmei Chao
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yayun Cui
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Lv
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dou
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xing Bian
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Jinglu Zou
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Hong Li
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Wenchu Lin
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
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13
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Leal J, Santos L, Fernández-Aroca DM, Cuevas JV, Martínez MA, Massaguer A, Jalón FA, Ruiz-Hidalgo MJ, Sánchez-Prieto R, Rodríguez AM, Castañeda G, Durá G, Carrión MC, Barrabés S, Manzano BR. Effect of the aniline fragment in Pt(II) and Pt(IV) complexes as anti-proliferative agents. Standard reduction potential as a more reliable parameter for Pt(IV) compounds than peak reduction potential. J Inorg Biochem 2021; 218:111403. [PMID: 33730639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The problems of resistance and side effects associated with cisplatin and other chemotherapeutic drugs have boosted research aimed at finding new compounds with improved properties. The use of platinum(IV) prodrugs is one alternative, although there is some controversy regarding the predictive ability of the peak reduction potentials. In the work described here a series of fourteen chloride Pt(II) and Pt(IV) compounds was synthesised and fully characterised. The compounds contain different bidentate arylazole heterocyclic ligands. Their cytotoxic properties against human lung carcinoma (A549), human breast carcinoma (MCF7) and human colon carcinoma (HCT116 and HT29) cell lines were studied. A clear relationship between the type of ligand and the anti-proliferative properties was found, with the best results obtained for the Pt(II) compound that contains an aniline fragment, (13), thus evidencing a positive effect of the NH2 group. Stability and aquation studies in DMSO, DMF and DMSO/water mixtures were carried out on the active complexes and an in-depth analysis of the two aquation processes, including DFT analysis, of 13 was undertaken. It was verified that DNA was the target and that cell death occurred by apoptosis in the case of 13. Furthermore, the cytotoxic derivatives did not exhibit haemolytic activity. The reduction of the Pt(IV) compounds whose Pt(II) congeners were active was studied by several techniques. It was concluded that the peak reduction potential was not useful to predict the ability for reduction. However, a correlation between the cytotoxic activity and the standard reduction potential was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Leal
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, IRICA, Avda. C. J. Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Lucia Santos
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. C. J. Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Diego M Fernández-Aroca
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain
| | - J Vicente Cuevas
- Universidad de Burgos, Department of Chemistry, Pza. Misael Bañuelos S/N, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - M Angeles Martínez
- Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Massaguer
- Departamento de Biologia, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Felix A Jalón
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, IRICA, Avda. C. J. Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M José Ruiz-Hidalgo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Laboratorio de Oncología, Unidad de Medicina Molecular, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain
| | - Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto
- Departamento de Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas De Madrid Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Medicina de Albacete, Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina UCLM, Unidad asociada al CSIC, Albacete, Spain
| | - Ana M Rodríguez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, IRICA, Avda. C. J. Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Gregorio Castañeda
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Analítica y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. C. J. Cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Gema Durá
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, IRICA, Avda. C. J. Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M Carmen Carrión
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, IRICA, Avda. C. J. Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Sílvia Barrabés
- Departamento de Biologia, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 40, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Blanca R Manzano
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, IRICA, Avda. C. J. Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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14
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Acheampong E, Abed A, Morici M, Bowyer S, Amanuel B, Lin W, Millward M, S. Gray E. Tumour PD-L1 Expression in Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112393. [PMID: 33142852 PMCID: PMC7693331 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibodies against programmed death-1 (PD-1), and its ligand, (PD-L1) have been approved recently for the treatment of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Although there are previous reports that addressed PD-L1 detection on tumour cells in SCLC, there is no comprehensive meta-analysis on the prevalence of PD-L1 expression in SCLC. We performed a systematic search of the PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMBASE databases to assess reports on the prevalence of PD-L1 expression and the association between PD-L1 expression and overall survival (OS). This meta-analysis included 27 studies enrolling a total of 2792 patients. The pooled estimate of PD-L1 expression was 26.0% (95% CI 17.0–37.0), (22.0% after removing outlying studies). The effect size was significantly heterogeneous (I2 = 97.4, 95% CI: 95.5–98.5, p < 0.0001).Positive PD-L1 expression was a favourable prognostic factor for SCLC but not statistically significant (HR = 0.86 (95% CI (0.49–1.50), p = 0.5880; I2 = 88.7%, p < 0.0001). Begg’s funnel plots and Egger’s tests indicated no publication bias across included studies (p > 0.05). Overall, there is heterogeneity in the prevalence of PD-L1 expression in SCLC tumour cells across studies. This is significantly moderated by factors such as immunohistochemistry (IHC) evaluation cut-off values, and assessment of PD-L1 staining patterns as membranous and/or cytoplasmic. There is the need for large size, prospective and multicentre studies with well-defined protocols and endpoints to advance the clinical value of PD-L1 expression in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Acheampong
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (E.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (B.A.); (W.L.)
| | - Afaf Abed
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (E.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (B.A.); (W.L.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (S.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Michael Morici
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (E.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (B.A.); (W.L.)
| | - Samantha Bowyer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (S.B.); (M.M.)
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Benhur Amanuel
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (E.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (B.A.); (W.L.)
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, PathWest, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Weitao Lin
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (E.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (B.A.); (W.L.)
| | - Michael Millward
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; (S.B.); (M.M.)
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Elin S. Gray
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; (E.A.); (A.A.); (M.M.); (B.A.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-(0)8-6304-2756
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15
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Bian X, Wang X, Zhang Q, Ma L, Cao G, Xu A, Han J, Huang J, Lin W. The MYC Paralog-PARP1 Axis as a Potential Therapeutic Target in MYC Paralog-Activated Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:565820. [PMID: 33134168 PMCID: PMC7578565 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.565820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is highly expressed in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and has emerged as an attractive target for treatment of SCLC. However, the clinical significance of PARP1 expression in SCLC remains elusive. In this study, we showed that high PARP1 expression was associated with better overall survival (OS), and was positively correlated with the expression of MYC paralogs in patients with SCLC. We demonstrated that PARP1 was transcriptionally regulated by MYC paralogs. Integrative analysis of multiple RNA-seq data sets indicated that DNA damage response (DDR) genes involved in the replication stress response (RSR) and homologous recombination (HR) repair pathways were highly enriched in MYC paralog-addicted SCLC cell models and in human SCLC specimens. Targeting the MYC paralog-PARP1 axis with concomitant BET and PARP inhibition resulted in synergistic effects in MYC paralog-activated SCLC. Our study identified a critical PARP1 regulatory pathway, and provided evidence for a rational combination treatment strategy for MYC paralog-activated SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Bian
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Qiuyan Zhang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Liying Ma
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Guozhen Cao
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Ao Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Jinhua Han
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenchu Lin
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
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16
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Kern JA, Kim J, Foster DG, Mishra R, Gardner EE, Poirier JT, Rivard C, Yu H, Finigan JH, Dowlati A, Rudin CM, Tan AC. Role of mTOR As an Essential Kinase in SCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2020; 15:1522-1534. [PMID: 32599072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES SCLC represents 15% of all lung cancer diagnoses in the United States and has a particularly poor prognosis. We hypothesized that kinases regulating SCLC survival pathways represent therapeutically targetable vulnerabilities whose inhibition may improve SCLC outcome. METHODS A short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) library targeting all human kinases was introduced in seven chemonaive patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and the cells were cultured in vitro and in vivo. On harvest, lost or depleted shRNAs were considered as regulating-cell survival pathways and deemed essential kinases. RESULTS Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis of recovered shRNAs separated the PDXs into two clusters, suggesting kinase-based heterogeneity among the SCLC PDXs. A total of 23 kinases were identified as essential in two or more PDXs, with mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) a candidate essential kinase in four. mTOR phosphorylation status correlated with PDX sensitivity to mTOR kinase inhibition, and mTOR inhibition sensitized the PDX to cisplatin and etoposide. In the PDX in which mTOR was defined as essential, mTOR inhibition caused a 43% decrease in tumor volume at 21 days (p < 0.01). Combining mTOR inhibition with cisplatin and etoposide decreased PDX tumor volume 96% compared with cisplatin and etoposide alone at 70 days (p < 0.002). Chemoresistance did not develop with the combination of mTOR inhibition and cisplatin and etoposide in mTOR-essential PDX over 105 days. The prevalence of phospho-mTOR-Ser-2448 in a tissue microarray of chemonaive SCLC was 27%, thus, identifying an important SCLC subtype that might benefit from the addition of mTOR inhibition to standard chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS These studies reveal that kinases can define SCLC subgroups, can identify therapeutic vulnerabilities, and can potentially be used to optimize therapeutic approaches. Significance We used functional genomics to identify kinases regulating SCLC survival. mTOR was identified as essential in a subset of PDXs. mTOR inhibition decreased PDX growth, sensitized PDX to cisplatin and etoposide, and prevented chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Kern
- Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado.
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - Daniel G Foster
- Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Rangnath Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Eric E Gardner
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - John T Poirier
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | | | - Hui Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado
| | - James H Finigan
- Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Afshin Dowlati
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Aik-Choon Tan
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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17
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Isobe Y, Sato K, Nishinaga Y, Takahashi K, Taki S, Yasui H, Shimizu M, Endo R, Koike C, Kuramoto N, Yukawa H, Nakamura S, Fukui T, Kawaguchi K, Chen-Yoshikawa TF, Baba Y, Hasegawa Y. Near infrared photoimmunotherapy targeting DLL3 for small cell lung cancer. EBioMedicine 2020; 52:102632. [PMID: 31981983 PMCID: PMC6992936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a poor prognosis, and its treatment options are limited. Delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) is expressed specifically in SCLC and is considered a promising therapeutic target for patients with this disease. Rovalpituzumab tesirine (Rova-T) was the first antibody-drug conjugate targeting DLL3. Although Rova-T development was unfortunately terminated, DLL3 remains an ideal target for SCLC. Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new form of cancer treatment that employs an antibody-photosensitiser conjugate followed by NIR light exposure and damage target cells specifically. In this study, we demonstrate DLL3-targeted NIR-PIT to develop a novel molecularly targeted treatment for SCLC. METHODS The anti-DLL3 monoclonal antibody rovalpituzumab was conjugated to an IR700 photosensitiser (termed 'rova-IR700'). SCLC cells overexpressing DLL3 as well as non-DLL3-expressing controls were incubated with rova-IR700 and then exposed to NIR-light. Next, mice with SCLC xenografts were injected with rova-IR700 and irradiated with NIR-light. FINDINGS DLL3-overexpressing cells underwent immediate destruction upon NIR-light exposure, whereas the control cells remained intact. The xenograft in mice treated with rova-IR700 and NIR-light shrank markedly, whereas neither rova-IR700 injection nor NIR-light irradiation alone affected tumour size. INTERPRETATION Our data suggest that targeting of DLL3 using NIR-PIT could be a novel and promising treatment for SCLC. FUNDING Research supported by grants from the Program for Developing Next-generation Researchers (Japan Science and Technology Agency), KAKEN (18K15923, JSPS), Medical Research Encouragement Prize of The Japan Medical Association, The Nitto Foundation, Kanae Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Isobe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; S-YLC, Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan; B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan.
| | - Yuko Nishinaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shunichi Taki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Yasui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Misae Shimizu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan
| | - Rena Endo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan
| | - Chiaki Koike
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan
| | - Noriko Kuramoto
- B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yukawa
- B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan; Nagoya University Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Nagoya University Graduate School of Engineering, Japan
| | - Shota Nakamura
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koji Kawaguchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Yoshinobu Baba
- Nagoya University Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Nagoya University Graduate School of Engineering, Japan
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18
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Jung DJ, Shin TH, Kim M, Sung CO, Jang SJ, Jeong GS. A one-stop microfluidic-based lung cancer organoid culture platform for testing drug sensitivity. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:2854-2865. [PMID: 31367720 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00496c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices as translational research tools provide a potential alternative to animal experiments due to their ability to mimic physiological parameters. Several approaches that can be used to predict the efficacy or toxicity of anticancer drugs are available. In general, standard cell culture systems have the advantages of being relatively cost-effective, having high-throughput capability, and providing convenience. However, these models are inadequate to accurately recapitulate the complex organ-level physiological and pharmacological responses. Here, we present a one-stop microfluidic device enabling both 3-dimensional (3D) lung cancer organoid culturing and drug sensitivity tests directly on a microphysiological system (MPS). Our platform reproducibly yields 3D lung cancer organoids in a size-controllable manner and demonstrates for the first time the production of lung cancer organoids from patients with small-cell lung cancer. Lung cancer organoids derived from primary small-cell lung cancer tumors can rapidly proliferate and exhibit disease-specific characteristics in our MPS. Cisplatin and etoposide, the standard regimen for lung cancer, showed increased apoptosis induction in a concentration-dependent manner, but the organoids contained chemo-resistant cells in the core. We envision that this system may provide important information to guide therapeutic approaches at the preclinical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Jung Jung
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Tae Hoon Shin
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Minsuh Kim
- Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Chang Ohk Sung
- Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Se Jin Jang
- Asan Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Department of Pathology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Gi Seok Jeong
- Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-Ro, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Korea.
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19
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Targeting DNA Replication Stress and DNA Double-Strand Break Repair for Optimizing SCLC Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091289. [PMID: 31480716 PMCID: PMC6770306 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), accounting for about 15% of all cases of lung cancer worldwide, is the most lethal form of lung cancer. Despite an initially high response rate of SCLC to standard treatment, almost all patients are invariably relapsed within one year. Effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to improve clinical outcomes. Replication stress is a hallmark of SCLC due to several intrinsic factors. As a consequence, constitutive activation of the replication stress response (RSR) pathway and DNA damage repair system is involved in counteracting this genotoxic stress. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of such RSR and DNA damage repair pathways will be likely to kill SCLC cells preferentially and may be exploited in improving chemotherapeutic efficiency through interfering with DNA replication to exert their functions. Here, we summarize potentially valuable targets involved in the RSR and DNA damage repair pathways, rationales for targeting them in SCLC treatment and ongoing clinical trials, as well as possible predictive biomarkers for patient selection in the management of SCLC.
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20
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Li BB, Wang B, Zhu CM, Tang D, Pang J, Zhao J, Sun CH, Qiu MJ, Qian ZR. Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 inhibitor THZ1 in cancer therapy. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2019; 5:155-169. [PMID: 31891127 PMCID: PMC6926117 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Current cancer therapies have encountered adverse response due to poor therapeutic efficiency, severe side effects and acquired resistance to multiple drugs. Thus, there are urgent needs for finding new cancer-targeted pharmacological strategies. In this review, we summarized the current understanding with THZ1, a covalent inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), which demonstrated promising anti-tumor activity against different cancer types. By introducing the anti-tumor behaviors and the potential targets for different cancers, this review aims to provide more effective approaches to CDK7 inhibitor-based therapeutic agents and deeper insight into the diverse tumor proliferation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Cheng-Ming Zhu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Di Tang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Chun-Hui Sun
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
- Equipe Communication Intercellulaire et Infections Microbiennes, Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie (CIRB), College de France, Paris 75005, France
| | - Miao-Juan Qiu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Qian
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
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21
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Messaritakis I, Nikolaou M, Koinis F, Politaki E, Koutsopoulos A, Lagoudaki E, Vetsika EK, Georgoulias V, Kotsakis A. Characterization of DLL3-positive circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and evaluation of their clinical relevance during front-line treatment. Lung Cancer 2019; 135:33-39. [PMID: 31447000 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to characterize and evaluate the presence of DLL3-positive Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) in SCLC patients receiving front-line chemotherapy and assess their clinical relevance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peripheral blood was obtained from treatment-naïve patients with SCLC (n = 108 patients), after one etoposide/platinum cycle (n = 68 patients) and on disease progression (n = 48 patients). Immunofluorescence staining using antibodies against the DLL3, cytokeratins (CK), CD45 and vimentin (Vim) was used for the detection and characterization of CTCs. RESULTS Before treatment, 74.1% of patients had detectable DLL3+/CD45- CTCs. One-treatment cycle significantly decreased both the detection rate (p < 0.001) and the absolute number (p < 0.001) of DLL3+/CD45- CTCs. Triple immunofluorescence staining using anti-CK, anti-Vim and anti-DLL3 antibodies revealed an important CTC heterogeneity since DLL3 could be detected in Vim+, Vim-, CK+ and CK- CTCs. On disease progression, both the detection rate and the absolute number of DLL3+/CD45- CTCs were significantly increased compared to post-1st cycle values (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). In addition, 22.7% of patients had detectable DLL3+/CD45- cells which could not be captured by the CellSearch assay. In multivariate analysis, the detection of DLL3+/CD45- CTCs at baseline was significantly associated with decreased progression-free survival (HR = 10.8; p = 0.005) whereas their detection on disease progression was associated with decreased overall survival (HR: 28.2; p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate an important heterogeneity of CTCs, based on the expression of CK, Vim and DLL3, in patients with SCLC and the changes of DLL3+/CD45- CTCs during treatment seem to be a dynamic biomarker associated with patients' clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michalis Nikolaou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology Unit, "Marika Iliadi" Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Fillipos Koinis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Eleni Politaki
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | | | - Eleni Lagoudaki
- Department of Pathology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleni-Kyriaki Vetsika
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Vassilis Georgoulias
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece; First Department of Medical Oncology, IASO General Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Kotsakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Thessaly, Greece.
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22
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Chalishazar MD, Wait SJ, Huang F, Ireland AS, Mukhopadhyay A, Lee Y, Schuman SS, Guthrie MR, Berrett KC, Vahrenkamp JM, Hu Z, Kudla M, Modzelewska K, Wang G, Ingolia NT, Gertz J, Lum DH, Cosulich SC, Bomalaski JS, DeBerardinis RJ, Oliver TG. MYC-Driven Small-Cell Lung Cancer is Metabolically Distinct and Vulnerable to Arginine Depletion. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:5107-5121. [PMID: 31164374 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-4140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been treated clinically as a homogeneous disease, but recent discoveries suggest that SCLC is heterogeneous. Whether metabolic differences exist among SCLC subtypes is largely unexplored. In this study, we aimed to determine whether metabolic vulnerabilities exist between SCLC subtypes that can be therapeutically exploited. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We performed steady state metabolomics on tumors isolated from distinct genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) representing the MYC- and MYCL-driven subtypes of SCLC. Using genetic and pharmacologic approaches, we validated our findings in chemo-naïve and -resistant human SCLC cell lines, multiple GEMMs, four human cell line xenografts, and four newly derived PDX models. RESULTS We discover that SCLC subtypes driven by different MYC family members have distinct metabolic profiles. MYC-driven SCLC preferentially depends on arginine-regulated pathways including polyamine biosynthesis and mTOR pathway activation. Chemo-resistant SCLC cells exhibit increased MYC expression and similar metabolic liabilities as chemo-naïve MYC-driven cells. Arginine depletion with pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG 20) dramatically suppresses tumor growth and promotes survival of mice specifically with MYC-driven tumors, including in GEMMs, human cell line xenografts, and a patient-derived xenograft from a relapsed patient. Finally, ADI-PEG 20 is significantly more effective than the standard-of-care chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS These data identify metabolic heterogeneity within SCLC and suggest arginine deprivation as a subtype-specific therapeutic vulnerability for MYC-driven SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milind D Chalishazar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sarah J Wait
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Fang Huang
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Abbie S Ireland
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Anandaroop Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Younjee Lee
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sophia S Schuman
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Matthew R Guthrie
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kristofer C Berrett
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jeffery M Vahrenkamp
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Zeping Hu
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Marek Kudla
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Katarzyna Modzelewska
- Preclinical Research Resource, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Guoying Wang
- Preclinical Research Resource, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Nicholas T Ingolia
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Center for RNA Systems Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Jason Gertz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - David H Lum
- Preclinical Research Resource, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sabina C Cosulich
- Bioscience Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.,Department of Pediatrics and Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Trudy G Oliver
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah.
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23
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Anticancer platinum(II) complexes bearing N-heterocycle rings. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1257-1263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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24
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Huang RSP, Holmes BF, Powell C, Marati RV, Tyree D, Admire B, Streator A, Newell AEH, Perez J, Dalvi D, ElGabry EA. Delta-like Protein 3 Prevalence in Small Cell Lung Cancer and DLL3 (SP347) Assay Characteristics. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2019; 143:1373-1377. [PMID: 30958693 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0497-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) is a protein that is implicated in the Notch pathway. OBJECTIVE.— To present data on DLL3 prevalence in small cell lung cancer and staining characteristics of the VENTANA DLL3 (SP347) Assay. In addition, the assay's immunoreactivity with other neoplastic and nonneoplastic tissues is outlined. DESIGN.— Individual formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of small cell lung cancer and tissue microarrays comprising neoplastic and nonneoplastic tissues were procured. Sections were cut and stained with DLL3 (SP347) assay. The slides were examined to determine prevalence, staining characteristics, and immunoreactivity. RESULTS.— Cytoplasmic and/or membranous staining was observed in 1040 of 1362 specimens of small cell lung cancer (76.4%). Homogenous and/or heterogeneous and partial and/or circumferential granular staining with varied intensities was noted. Immunoreactivity was also observed in other neoplastic and nonneoplastic tissues. CONCLUSIONS.— Our study findings provided the profile of DLL3 staining characteristics that can be used for determining the level of DLL3 expression in small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard S P Huang
- From the Department of Companion Diagnostics, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Burton F Holmes
- From the Department of Companion Diagnostics, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Courtney Powell
- From the Department of Companion Diagnostics, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Raji V Marati
- From the Department of Companion Diagnostics, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Dusty Tyree
- From the Department of Companion Diagnostics, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Brittany Admire
- From the Department of Companion Diagnostics, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ashley Streator
- From the Department of Companion Diagnostics, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Amy E Hanlon Newell
- From the Department of Companion Diagnostics, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Javier Perez
- From the Department of Companion Diagnostics, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Deepa Dalvi
- From the Department of Companion Diagnostics, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ehab A ElGabry
- From the Department of Companion Diagnostics, Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, Arizona
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25
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Udagawa H, Umemura S, Murakami I, Mimaki S, Makinoshima H, Ishii G, Miyoshi T, Kirita K, Matsumoto S, Yoh K, Niho S, Tsuchihara K, Goto K. Genetic profiling-based prognostic prediction of patients with advanced small-cell lung cancer in large scale analysis. Lung Cancer 2018; 126:182-188. [PMID: 30527185 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Comprehensive genomic analysis of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) revealed various genetic alterations. However, obtaining suitable samples for genetic analysis is difficult in advanced SCLC. Thus, the prognostic effect of genetic alterations on the outcome of SCLC patients has not been well investigated. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of genetic alterations on the survival of SCLC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We collected samples obtained from 220 patients with advanced SCLC before cancer treatment. Genomic DNA extracted from the samples was subjected to a 1.499 Mb-sized custom panel that captured all exons of 244 cancer-related genes, and the captured DNA was analyzed through next-generation sequencing. The associations between genetic alterations and overall survival were evaluated. RESULTS Genetic analysis was successful in 204 samples (93%). Genetic alterations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and inactivating mutations inTP53 and RB1 were detected in 14 (7%), 150 (74%), and 85 (42%) of the tumors. In extensive disease (ED, N = 126) patients, multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of genetic alterations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was significantly associated with unfavorable survival [hazard ratio (HR), 2.14; 95% CI 1.02-4.06; P = 0.04]. In limited disease (LD, N = 78) patients, the presence of TP53 mutation and the absence of RB1 mutation were significantly associated with unfavorable survival (HR, 2.41; 95% CI 1.21-5.34; P = 0.01, and HR, 0.45; 95% CI 0.25-0.79; P < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Sequencing-based genetic profiling is feasible and useful to predict the prognosis in advanced SCLC. Genetic alterations in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, TP53 mutations and RB1 mutations were associated with prognosis in SCLC patients. The genetic alterations associated with the prognosis were different between ED-SCLC and LD-SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hibiki Udagawa
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Umemura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Isao Murakami
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Higashi-Hiroshima Medical Center, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Mimaki
- Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Hideki Makinoshima
- Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Miyoshi
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kirita
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Shingo Matsumoto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Yoh
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Seiji Niho
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Katsuya Tsuchihara
- Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Koichi Goto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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26
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Wang Z, Fu S, Zhao J, Zhao W, Shen Z, Wang D, Duan J, Bai H, Wan R, Yu J, Wang S, Chen H, Chen B, Wang L, Wang J. Transbronchoscopic patient biopsy-derived xenografts as a preclinical model to explore chemorefractory-associated pathways and biomarkers for small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 440-441:180-188. [PMID: 30347283 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient tumor tissue is a major barrier for cancer biology research in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and has driven the development of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) from biopsy tumor tissues. Here, we utilized transbronchoscopic biopsy specimens from SCLC tumors to establish PDXs and evaluated the genomic profile using next-generation sequencing and an RNA sequencing platform. The PDX establishment rate was 54.1% (40/74). PDXs largely recapitulated the major characteristics of their corresponding primary tumors, such as histopathology, genetic profile, and chemo-responsiveness. Compared with chemosensitive (chemo-S) PDXs, chemorefractory (chemo-R) PDXs demonstrated significant gene aberrances in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and a higher frequency of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)-related genes. Phosphorylated ERK (pERK) was associated with chemo-R status. Patients with positive pERK expression demonstrated significantly inferior progression-free survival after first-line chemotherapy compared with that of patients who were negative for pERK (p < 0.001). Collectively, transbronchoscopic biopsy SCLC PDXs can serve as a model for genomic profiling and identifying biomarkers predictive of chemo-R status. Using PDXs, RTK-related gene aberrances and pERK expression were found to be associated with chemo-R SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhirong Shen
- The BeiGene Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangyong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhang Wang
- GCP Center, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hanxiao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Bolu Chen
- CATS Academy Boston, 2001 Washington Street, Braintree, MA, 02184, USA
| | - Lai Wang
- The BeiGene Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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27
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Messaritakis I, Nikolaou M, Politaki E, Koinis F, Lagoudaki E, Koutsopoulos A, Georgoulia N, Georgoulias V, Kotsakis A. Bcl-2 expression in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) receiving front-line treatment. Lung Cancer 2018; 124:270-278. [PMID: 30268472 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the presence of Bcl-2+CTCs in chemotherapy-naïve SCLC patients and their clinical relevance during front-line treatment. METHODS Peripheral blood was obtained from 66 consecutive-patients before chemotherapy administration, after one-cycle and at relapse. CTCs were detected by CellSearch and immunofluorescence using anti-Bcl-2, anti-M30, anti-cytokeratins(CK), anti-CD45 and anti-vimentin(Vim) antibodies. RESULTS Before treatment, CTCs were detected in 62.1% and 72.7% of patients using the CellSearch and immunofluorescence (Bcl-2+/CD45-), respectively. One-treatment cycle significantly decreased both CTCs' detection rate(p < 0.001) and their absolute number (p < 0.001). On relapse, both the number of positive-patients and the absolute number of CTC subpopulations were significantly increased, compared to post-1st cycle (CellSearch: p = 0.002 and immunofluorescence: p < 0.001). Immunofluorescence revealed an important CTC heterogeneity (Bcl2+/Vim+, Bcl2+/Vim-, Bcl2+/CK+, Bcl2+/CK- and Bcl2+/M30- CTCs). Moreover, 50.0% of patients without detectable CTCs by CellSearch had detectable Bcl-2+/CD45- cells. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between Bcl-2+/CD45-cells at baseline and PFS (HR = 4.5;p = 0.005) and OS (HR: 4.3; p = 0.001). Bcl-2+/CD45-cells after one-treatment cycle were significantly associated with shorter OS (HR: 13.9; p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate an important phenotypic CTCs heterogeneity based on the co-expression of Bcl-2, CK, Vim and M30 in SCLC patients. The changes of Bcl-2+/CD45- CTCs during treatment seem to be a dynamic biomarker associated with treatment efficacy and patients' clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michail Nikolaou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hipokration General Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Politaki
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Fillipos Koinis
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Eleni Lagoudaki
- Department of Pathology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Nefeli Georgoulia
- First Department of Medical Oncology, IASO General Hospital of Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis Georgoulias
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece; First Department of Medical Oncology, IASO General Hospital of Athens, Greece.
| | - Athanasios Kotsakis
- Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece; Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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28
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Gregorc V, Cavina R, Novello S, Grossi F, Lazzari C, Capelletto E, Genova C, Salini G, Lambiase A, Santoro A. NGR-hTNF and Doxorubicin as Second-Line Treatment of Patients with Small Cell Lung Cancer. Oncologist 2018; 23:1133-e112. [PMID: 30076277 PMCID: PMC6263121 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lessons Learned. NGR‐hTNF was safely combined with doxorubicin, showing a promising antitumor activity in unselected patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer. Similar antitumor activity was observed in platinum‐sensitive and platinum‐resistant patient cohorts.
Background. Relapsed small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients have limited treatment options and poor outcomes. NGR‐hTNF is a vascular‐targeting agent, which increases intratumoral chemotherapy penetration and T‐lymphocyte infiltration. Methods. Twenty‐eight patients relapsing after at least one platinum‐based regimen with a treatment‐free interval shorter (n = 16; platinum‐resistant) or longer (n = 12; platinum‐sensitive) than 3 months received NGR‐hTNF 0.8 μg/m2 plus doxorubicin 75 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint of this single‐arm phase II trial was progression‐free survival (PFS), and safety, response rate, and survival were secondary endpoints. Results. The most common grade 3–4 toxicities were neutropenia (53%) and anemia (21%). Median PFS was 3.2 months for all patients, 2.7 months for platinum‐resistant patients, and 4.1 months for platinum‐sensitive patients. Seven patients had partial responses (25%), including four (25%) with platinum‐resistant and three (25%) with platinum‐sensitive relapse. Mean changes from baseline in tumor burden (after two, four, and six cycles) did not differ between platinum‐resistant (−9%, −29%, and −32%) and platinum‐sensitive (−11%, −20%, and −43%) cohorts. Overall survival was associated only with baseline lymphocyte counts, with median survival times of 13.1 and 5.2 months for lymphocyte counts above or below the median, respectively. Conclusion. NGR‐hTNF plus doxorubicin showed manageable toxicity and promising activity in patients with relapsed SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Gregorc
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Cavina
- Department of Oncology, Humanitas Cancer Center, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Sivia Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, AOU San Luigi, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Francesco Grossi
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Chiara Lazzari
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrica Capelletto
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, AOU San Luigi, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Carlo Genova
- UOS Tumori Polmonari, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Armando Santoro
- Department of Oncology, Humanitas Cancer Center, Rozzano, Italy
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29
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Maruoka T, Kitanaka A, Kubota Y, Yamaoka G, Kameda T, Imataki O, Dobashi H, Bandoh S, Kadowaki N, Tanaka T. Lemongrass essential oil and citral inhibit Src/Stat3 activity and suppress the proliferation/survival of small-cell lung cancer cells, alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1738-1748. [PMID: 29568932 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is intractable due to its high propensity for relapse. Novel agents are thus needed for SCLC treatment. Lemongrass essential oil (LG-EO) and its major constituent, citral, have been reported to inhibit the proliferation and survival of several types of cancer cells. However, the precise mechanisms through which LG-EO and citral exert their effects on SCLC cells have not been fully elucidated. SCLC cells express Src and have high levels of Src-tyrosine kinase (Src-TK) activity. In most SCLC cell lines, constitutive phosphorylation of Stat3(Y705), which is essential for its activation, has been detected. Src-TK can phosphorylate Stat3(Y705), and activated Stat3 promotes the expression of the anti-apoptotic factors Bcl-xL and Mcl-1. In the present study, LG-EO and citral prevented Src-TK from phosphorylating Stat3(Y705), resulting in decreased Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 expression, in turn suppressing the proliferation/survival of SCLC cells. To confirm these findings, the wild-type-src gene was transfected into the LU135 SCLC cell line (LU135‑wt-src), in which Src and activated phospho-Stat3(Y705) were overexpressed. The suppression of cell proliferation and the induction of apoptosis by treatment with LG-EO or citral were significantly attenuated in the LU135-wt-src cells compared with the control LU135-mock cells. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) signaling pathway is also associated with intrinsic drug resistance. LU135-wt-src cells were significantly resistant to conventional chemotherapeutic agents compared with LU135-mock cells. The combined effects of citral and each conventional chemotherapeutic agent on SCLC cells were also evaluated. The combination treatment exerted additive or more prominent effects on LU135-wt-src, LU165 and MN1112 cells, which are relatively chemoresistant SCLC cells. These findings suggest that either LG-EO or citral, alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, may be a novel therapeutic option for SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Maruoka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Akira Kitanaka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Kubota
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Genji Yamaoka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kameda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Osamu Imataki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Dobashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Shuji Bandoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Kadowaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
| | - Terukazu Tanaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Rheumatology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan
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30
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Xia Y, Zhan C, Feng M, Leblanc M, Ke E, Yeddula N, Verma IM. Targeting CREB Pathway Suppresses Small Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2018. [PMID: 29523765 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-17-0576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most deadly subtype of lung cancer due to its dismal prognosis. We have developed a lentiviral vector-mediated SCLC mouse model and have explored the role of both the NF-κB and CREB families of transcription factors in this model. Surprisingly, induction of NF-κB activity, which promotes tumor progression in many cancer types including non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), is dispensable in SCLC. Instead, suppression of NF-κB activity in SCLC tumors moderately accelerated tumor development. Examination of gene expression signatures of both mouse and human SCLC tumors revealed overall low NF-κB but high CREB activity. Blocking CREB activation by a dominant-negative form of PKA (dnPKA) completely abolished the development of SCLC. Similarly, expression of dnPKA or treatment with PKA inhibitor H89 greatly reduced the growth of SCLC tumors in syngeneic transplantation models. Altogether, our results strongly suggest that targeting CREB is a promising therapeutic strategy against SCLC.Implications: Activity of the transcription factor CREB is elevated in SCLC tumors, which helps to maintain its neuroendocrine signature and cell proliferation. Our results highlight the importance of targeting the CREB pathway to develop new therapeutics to combat SCLC. Mol Cancer Res; 16(5); 825-32. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Xia
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Zhan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingxiang Feng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mathias Leblanc
- Animal Resource Department, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Eugene Ke
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Narayana Yeddula
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Inder M Verma
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California.
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31
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Makinoshima H, Umemura S, Suzuki A, Nakanishi H, Maruyama A, Udagawa H, Mimaki S, Matsumoto S, Niho S, Ishii G, Tsuboi M, Ochiai A, Esumi H, Sasaki T, Goto K, Tsuchihara K. Metabolic Determinants of Sensitivity to Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway Inhibitor in Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma. Cancer Res 2018; 78:2179-2190. [PMID: 29490947 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-2109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive genomic analysis has revealed that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is a feasible therapeutic target in small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). However, biomarkers to identify patients likely to benefit from inhibitors of this pathway have not been identified. Here, we show that metabolic features determine sensitivity to the PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor gedatolisib in SCLC cells. Substantial phosphatidyl lipid analysis revealed that a specific phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) subspecies lipid product PIP3 (38:4) is predictive in assessing sensitivity to PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor. Notably, we found that higher amounts of purine-related aqueous metabolites such as hypoxanthine, which are characteristic of SCLC biology, lead to resistance to PI3K pathway inhibition. In addition, the levels of the mRNA encoding hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase 1, a key component of the purine salvage pathway, differed significantly between SCLC cells sensitive or resistant to gedatolisib. Moreover, complementation with purine metabolites could reverse the vulnerability to targeting of the PI3K pathway in SCLC cells normally sensitive to gedatolisib. These results indicate that the resistance mechanism of PI3K pathway inhibitors is mediated by the activation of the purine salvage pathway, supplying purine resource to nucleotide biosynthesis. Metabolomics is a powerful approach for finding novel therapeutic biomarkers in SCLC treatment.Significance: These findings identify features that determine sensitivity of SCLC to PI3K pathway inhibition and support metabolomics as a tool for finding novel therapeutic biomarkers. Cancer Res; 78(9); 2179-90. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Makinoshima
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.,Tsuruoka Metabolomics Laboratory, National Cancer Center, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Umemura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Ayako Suzuki
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Ami Maruyama
- Tsuruoka Metabolomics Laboratory, National Cancer Center, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Hibiki Udagawa
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Mimaki
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shingo Matsumoto
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Seiji Niho
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ochiai
- Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Esumi
- Division of Clinical Research, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sasaki
- Research Center for Biosignal, Akita University, Akita, Japan.,Department of Biochemical Pathophysiology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Goto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuya Tsuchihara
- Division of Translational Genomics, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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32
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Sen T, Gay CM, Byers LA. Targeting DNA damage repair in small cell lung cancer and the biomarker landscape. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2018. [PMID: 29535912 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2018.02.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy that accounts for 14% of all lung cancer diagnoses. Despite decades of active research, treatment options for SCLC are limited and resistance to the few Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved therapies develops rapidly. With no approved targeted agents to date, new therapeutic strategies are desperately needed. SCLC is characterized by high mutation burden, ubiquitous loss of TP53 and RB1, mutually exclusive amplification of MYC family members, thereby, high genomic instability. Studies in the past few years have demonstrated the potential of targeting the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway as a promising therapeutic strategy for SCLC. Inhibitors targeting DDR proteins have shown promise in preclinical models, and are under clinical investigation as single agents and in combination with cytotoxic therapies. Recent efforts to expand the therapeutic arsenal toward SCLC have focused in part on immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as agents targeting the receptor-ligand pair programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Clinical trials have confirmed activity of these agents in extensive stage (ES)-SCLC. However, while several patients had dramatic responses, overall response rates to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) remain poor. As a result, there is an urgent need to develop rational combination therapies to enhance response rates to immunotherapy in SCLC. Identification of predictive biomarkers for patient stratification, identifying effective combinations to overcome adaptive resistance to DDR-targeted therapies and identifying strategies to enhance response to immunotherapy are areas of active investigation in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triparna Sen
- Department of Thoracic and Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carl M Gay
- Department of Thoracic and Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren Averett Byers
- Department of Thoracic and Head & Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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33
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Prevalence of Delta-like protein 3 expression in patients with small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2018; 115:116-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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34
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Inoue H, Kato T, Olugbile S, Tamura K, Chung S, Miyamoto T, Matsuo Y, Salgia R, Nakamura Y, Park JH. Effective growth-suppressive activity of maternal embryonic leucine-zipper kinase (MELK) inhibitor against small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:13621-33. [PMID: 26871945 PMCID: PMC4924666 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), that plays a critical role in maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs), is predominantly expressed in various types of human cancer including small cell lung cancer (SCLC). SCLC usually acquires resistance to anti-cancer drugs and portends dismal prognosis. We have delineated roles of MELK in development/progression of SCLC and examined anti-tumor efficacy of OTS167, a highly potent MELK inhibitor, against SCLC. MELK expression was highly upregulated in both SCLC cell lines and primary tumors. siRNA-mediated MELK knockdown induced significant growth inhibition in SCLC cell lines. Concordantly, treatment with OTS167 exhibited strong cytotoxicity against eleven SCLC cell lines with IC50 of < 10 nM. As similar to siRNA knockdown, OTS167 treatment induced cytokinetic defects with intercellular bridges, and in some cell lines we observed formation of neuronal protrusions accompanied with increase of a neuronal differentiation marker (CD56), indicating that the compound induced differentiation of cancer cells to neuron-like cells. Furthermore, the MELK inhibition decreased its downstream FOXM1 activity and Akt expression in SCLC cells, and led to apoptotic cell death. OTS167 appeared to be more effective to CSCs as measured by the sphere formation assay, thus MELK inhibition might become a promising treatment modality for SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Inoue
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Taigo Kato
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sope Olugbile
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kenji Tamura
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Suyoun Chung
- OncoTherapy Science, Inc., Kawasaki, 213-0012, Japan
| | | | - Yo Matsuo
- OncoTherapy Science, Inc., Kawasaki, 213-0012, Japan
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jae-Hyun Park
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Kawada M, Atsumi S, Wada SI, Sakamoto S. Novel approaches for identification of anti-tumor drugs and new bioactive compounds. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2017; 71:ja201797. [PMID: 28852178 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2017.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Thanks to the pioneering work done by Professor Hamao Umezawa, bioactive compounds have been used in treatment of several diseases including cancer. In this review, we discuss our work, which focuses on developing new candidates for anti-tumor drugs by screening for bioactive natural compounds in microbial cultures using unique experimental systems. We summarize our recent progress including the following: (1) small-molecule modulators of tumor-stromal cell interactions, (2) inhibitors of three-dimensional spheroid formation of cancer cells, (3) multi-cancer cell panel screening and (4) new experimental animal models for cancer metastasis.The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, 30 August 2017; doi:10.1038/ja.2017.97.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Kawada
- Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
- Numazu, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Sonoko Atsumi
- Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Wada
- Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Sakamoto
- Numazu, Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, Shizuoka, Japan
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Hamilton G, Rath B. Circulating tumor cell interactions with macrophages: implications for biology and treatment. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2017; 6:418-430. [PMID: 28904886 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.07.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer and metastasis are closely associated with inflammation. Macrophages are important effector cells in enhancing tumor proliferation, invasion and providing protection against the immune system. Despite advanced knowledge of tumor-macrophage interactions, the role of macrophages in emergence and invasion of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is not known. A series of six CTC cell lines have been derived from blood of patients with extensive disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) in our lab, most likely representing a homogenous cell population of the actual metastasis-initiating cells (MIC) of CTCs. SCLC has an unfavorable prognosis due to rapid dissemination and early chemoresistant relapses. SCLC CTCs recruit macrophages and elicit secretion of various cytokines and the six CTC lines express chitinase-3-like-1 (CHI3L1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) in abundance. CHI3L1 is cytokine/growth factor expressed in inflammation and cancer and found to be correlated to metastasis and a dismal prognosis. In conclusion, SCLC CTCs have acquired the essential means for aggressiveness and invasion in a tumor microenvironment specifically shaped by macrophages and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Rath
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Targeting the differential addiction to anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family for cancer therapy. Nat Commun 2017; 8:16078. [PMID: 28714472 PMCID: PMC5520052 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BCL-2 family proteins are central regulators of mitochondrial apoptosis and validated anti-cancer targets. Using small cell lung cancer (SCLC) as a model, we demonstrated the presence of differential addiction of cancer cells to anti-apoptotic BCL-2, BCL-XL or MCL-1, which correlated with the respective protein expression ratio. ABT-263 (navitoclax), a BCL-2/BCL-XL inhibitor, prevented BCL-XL from sequestering activator BH3-only molecules (BH3s) and BAX but not BAK. Consequently, ABT-263 failed to kill BCL-XL-addicted cells with low activator BH3s and BCL-XL overabundance conferred resistance to ABT-263. High-throughput screening identified anthracyclines including doxorubicin and CDK9 inhibitors including dinaciclib that synergized with ABT-263 through downregulation of MCL-1. As doxorubicin and dinaciclib also reduced BCL-XL, the combinations of BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199 (venetoclax) with doxorubicin or dinaciclib provided effective therapeutic strategies for SCLC. Altogether, our study highlights the need for mechanism-guided targeting of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins to effectively activate the mitochondrial cell death programme to kill cancer cells. Small cell lung cancer cells (SCLC) are differentially sensitive to inhibitors of the BCL-2 family. Here the authors analyse the response to BH3 mimetics in SCLC, delineate patterns of expression of apoptotic proteins correlated with differential sensitivities and demonstrate a synergistic anti-tumour activity between ABT-199 and anthracyclines or CDK9 inhibitors.
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Sen T, Tong P, Diao L, Li L, Fan Y, Hoff J, Heymach JV, Wang J, Byers LA. Targeting AXL and mTOR Pathway Overcomes Primary and Acquired Resistance to WEE1 Inhibition in Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6239-6253. [PMID: 28698200 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Drugs targeting DNA repair and cell-cycle checkpoints have emerged as promising therapies for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Among these, the WEE1 inhibitor AZD1775 has shown clinical activity in a subset of SCLC patients, but resistance is common. Understanding primary and acquired resistance mechanisms will be critical for developing effective WEE1 inhibitor combinations.Experimental Design: AZD1775 sensitivity in SCLC cell lines was correlated with baseline expression level of 200 total or phosphorylated proteins measured by reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) to identify predictive markers of primary resistance. We further established AZD1775 acquired resistance models to identify mechanism of acquired resistance. Combination regimens were tested to overcome primary and acquired resistance to AZD1775 in in vitro and in vivo SCLC models.Results: High-throughput proteomic profiling demonstrate that SCLC models with primary resistance to AZD1775 express high levels of AXL and phosphorylated S6 and that WEE1/AXL or WEE1/mTOR inhibitor combinations overcome resistance in vitro and in vivo Furthermore, AXL, independently and via mTOR, activates the ERK pathway, leading to recruitment and activation of another G2-checkpoint protein, CHK1. AZD1775 acquired resistance models demonstrated upregulation of AXL, pS6, and MET, and resistance was overcome with the addition of AXL (TP0903), dual-AXL/MET (cabozantinib), or mTOR (RAD001) inhibitors.Conclusions: AXL promotes resistance to WEE1 inhibition via downstream mTOR signaling and resulting activation of a parallel DNA damage repair pathway, CHK1. These findings suggest rational combinations to enhance the clinical efficacy of AZD1775, which is currently in clinical trials for SCLC and other malignancies. Clin Cancer Res; 23(20); 6239-53. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triparna Sen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pan Tong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lixia Diao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lerong Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Youhong Fan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jennifer Hoff
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lauren Averett Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Sen T, Tong P, Stewart CA, Cristea S, Valliani A, Shames DS, Redwood AB, Fan YH, Li L, Glisson BS, Minna JD, Sage J, Gibbons DL, Piwnica-Worms H, Heymach JV, Wang J, Byers LA. CHK1 Inhibition in Small-Cell Lung Cancer Produces Single-Agent Activity in Biomarker-Defined Disease Subsets and Combination Activity with Cisplatin or Olaparib. Cancer Res 2017; 77:3870-3884. [PMID: 28490518 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Effective targeted therapies for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), the most aggressive form of lung cancer, remain urgently needed. Here we report evidence of preclinical efficacy evoked by targeting the overexpressed cell-cycle checkpoint kinase CHK1 in SCLC. Our studies employed RNAi-mediated attenuation or pharmacologic blockade with the novel second-generation CHK1 inhibitor prexasertib (LY2606368), currently in clinical trials. In SCLC models in vitro and in vivo, LY2606368 exhibited strong single-agent efficacy, augmented the effects of cisplatin or the PARP inhibitor olaparib, and improved the response of platinum-resistant models. Proteomic analysis identified CHK1 and MYC as top predictive biomarkers of LY2606368 sensitivity, suggesting that CHK1 inhibition may be especially effective in SCLC with MYC amplification or MYC protein overexpression. Our findings provide a preclinical proof of concept supporting the initiation of a clinical efficacy trial in patients with platinum-sensitive or platinum-resistant relapsed SCLC. Cancer Res; 77(14); 3870-84. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triparna Sen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Pan Tong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - C Allison Stewart
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sandra Cristea
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Aly Valliani
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David S Shames
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Abena B Redwood
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - You Hong Fan
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lerong Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bonnie S Glisson
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - John D Minna
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, The University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas
| | - Julien Sage
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Helen Piwnica-Worms
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - John V Heymach
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lauren Averett Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Chi YH, Hsiao JK, Lin MH, Chang C, Lan CH, Wu HC. Lung Cancer-Targeting Peptides with Multi-subtype Indication for Combinational Drug Delivery and Molecular Imaging. Theranostics 2017; 7:1612-1632. [PMID: 28529640 PMCID: PMC5436516 DOI: 10.7150/thno.17573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Most targeted drugs approved for lung cancer treatment are tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) directed against EGFR or ALK, and are used mainly for adenocarcinoma. At present, there is no effective or tailored targeting agent for large cell carcinoma (LCC) or small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Therefore, we aimed to identify targeting peptides with diagnostic and therapeutic utility that possess broad subtype specificity for SCLC and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We performed phage display biopanning of H460 LCC cells to select broad-spectrum lung cancer-binding peptides, since LCC has recently been categorized as an undifferentiated tumor type within other histological subcategories of lung cancer. Three targeting phages (HPC1, HPC2, and HPC4) and their respective displayed peptides (HSP1, HSP2, and HSP4) were able to bind to both SCLC and NSCLC cell lines, as well as clinical specimens, but not to normal pneumonic tissues. In vivo optical imaging of phage homing and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of peptide-SPIONs revealed that HSP1 was the most favorable probe for multimodal molecular imaging. Using HSP1-SPION, the T2-weighted MR signal of H460 xenografts was decreased up to 42%. In contrast to the tight binding of HSP1 to cancer cell surfaces, HSP4 was preferentially endocytosed and intracellular drug delivery was thereby effected, significantly improving the therapeutic index of liposomal drug in vivo. Liposomal doxorubicin (LD) conjugated to HSP1, HSP2, or HSP4 had significantly greater therapeutic efficacy than non-targeting liposomal drugs in NSCLC (H460 and H1993) animal models. Combined therapy with an HSP4-conjugated stable formulation of liposomal vinorelbine (sLV) further improved median overall survival (131 vs. 84 days; P = 0.0248), even in aggressive A549 orthotopic models. Overall, these peptides have the potential to guide a wide variety of tailored theranostic agents for targeting therapeutics, non-invasive imaging, or clinical detection of SCLC and NSCLC.
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Bouatou Y, Koessler T, Oniszczuk J, Zhang SY, Moll S, Audard V, de Seigneux S, Sahali D. Nephrotic Syndrome in Small Cell Lung Cancer and Induction of C-Mip in Podocytes. Am J Kidney Dis 2017; 69:477-480. [PMID: 28063735 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Paraneoplastic nephrotic syndrome is often a complication in patients with cancer, and various histologic lesions have been described in the kidney. We report the case of a 76-year-old woman who presented with a podocytopathy that was found to be associated with a small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). One cycle of carboplatin-etoposide combination therapy led to resolution of nephrotic syndrome and remission of the lung carcinoma. C-Maf-inducing protein (C-Mip) was overexpressed in both podocytes and cancer cells, but was not found in control kidney and lung tissue samples. C-Mip also was absent in SCLC cells from 30 patients without nephrotic syndrome. Exposing cultured podocytes to a sample of our patient's serum that was collected prior to chemotherapy led to disorganization of the podocyte cytoskeleton and induction of C-Mip expression, which was not observed with control serum or our patient's serum sampled after chemotherapy. These observations suggest that C-Mip may play an important role in SCLC-related podocytopathy and that a circulating factor likely induces its expression in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Bouatou
- Division of Nephrology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thibaud Koessler
- Division of Oncology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Julie Oniszczuk
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 21, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Service de Néphrologie, Créteil, France
| | - Shao-Yu Zhang
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 21, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Service de Néphrologie, Créteil, France
| | - Solange Moll
- Division of Pathology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Audard
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 21, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Service de Néphrologie, Créteil, France
| | - Sophie de Seigneux
- Division of Nephrology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Djillali Sahali
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 21, Créteil, France; Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne, Créteil, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Service de Néphrologie, Créteil, France.
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Nakajima W, Sharma K, Hicks MA, Le N, Brown R, Krystal GW, Harada H. Combination with vorinostat overcomes ABT-263 (navitoclax) resistance of small cell lung cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 17:27-35. [PMID: 26575826 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1108485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive tumor type with high mortality. One promising approach for SCLC treatment would be to utilize agents targeting molecular abnormalities regulating resistance to apoptosis. BH3 mimetic antagonists, such as ABT-737 and its orally available derivative ABT-263 (navitoclax) have been developed to block the function of pro-survival BCL-2 family members. The sensitivity of SCLC to these drugs varies over a broad range in vitro and in clinical trials. We have previously shown that the expression of Noxa, a BH3-only pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family protein, is a critical determinant of sensitivity to ABT-737. Thus, pharmacological up-regulation of Noxa could enhance cell death induced by the BH3 mimetics. We find that the combination of ABT-263 and a HDAC inhibitor, vorinostat, efficiently induces apoptosis in a variety of SCLC cell lines, including ABT-263 resistant cell lines. Cell death induced by combined treatment is Noxa- and/or BIM-dependent in some cell lines but in others appears to be mediated by down-regulation of BCL-XL and release of BAK from BCL-XL and MCL-1. These results suggest that combination of HDAC inhibitors and BCL-2 inhibitors could be an alternative and effective regimen for SCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Nakajima
- a Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology , School of Dentistry, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Kanika Sharma
- a Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology , School of Dentistry, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Mark A Hicks
- a Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology , School of Dentistry, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Ngoc Le
- a Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology , School of Dentistry, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Rikiara Brown
- a Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology , School of Dentistry, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Geoffrey W Krystal
- b Department of Internal Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University, McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Richmond , Virginia , USA
| | - Hisashi Harada
- a Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology , School of Dentistry, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia , USA
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Polley E, Kunkel M, Evans D, Silvers T, Delosh R, Laudeman J, Ogle C, Reinhart R, Selby M, Connelly J, Harris E, Fer N, Sonkin D, Kaur G, Monks A, Malik S, Morris J, Teicher BA. Small Cell Lung Cancer Screen of Oncology Drugs, Investigational Agents, and Gene and microRNA Expression. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016; 108:djw122. [PMID: 27247353 PMCID: PMC6279282 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is an aggressive, recalcitrant cancer, often metastatic at diagnosis and unresponsive to chemotherapy upon recurrence, thus it is challenging to treat. METHODS Sixty-three human SCLC lines and three NSCLC lines were screened for response to 103 US Food and Drug Administration-approved oncology agents and 423 investigational agents. The investigational agents library was a diverse set of small molecules that included multiple compounds targeting the same molecular entity. The compounds were screened in triplicate at nine concentrations with a 96-hour exposure time using an ATP Lite endpoint. Gene expression was assessed by exon array, and microRNA expression was derived by direct digital detection. Activity across the SCLC lines was associated with molecular characteristics using pair-wise Pearson correlations. RESULTS Results are presented for inhibitors of targets: BCL2, PARP1, mTOR, IGF1R, KSP/Eg5, PLK-1, AURK, and FGFR1. A relational map identified compounds with similar patterns of response. Unsupervised microRNA clustering resulted in three distinct SCLC subgroups. Associating drug response with micro-RNA expression indicated that lines most sensitive to etoposide and topotecan expressed high miR-200c-3p and low miR-140-5p and miR-9-5p. The BCL-2/BCL-XL inhibitors produced similar response patterns. Sensitivity to ABT-737 correlated with higher ASCL1 and BCL2. Several classes of compounds targeting nuclear proteins regulating mitosis produced a response pattern distinct from the etoposide response pattern. CONCLUSIONS Agents targeting nuclear kinases appear to be effective in SCLC lines. Confirmation of SCLC line findings in xenografts is needed. The drug and compound response, gene expression, and microRNA expression data are publicly available at http://sclccelllines.cancer.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Polley
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Mark Kunkel
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - David Evans
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Thomas Silvers
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Rene Delosh
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Julie Laudeman
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Chad Ogle
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Russell Reinhart
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Michael Selby
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - John Connelly
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Erik Harris
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Nicole Fer
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Dmitriy Sonkin
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Gurmeet Kaur
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Anne Monks
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Shakun Malik
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Joel Morris
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Beverly A. Teicher
- Affiliations of authors:
Molecular Pharmacology Group, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD (DE, TS, RD, JL, CO, RR, MS, JC, EH, NF, AM); Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (MK, GK, JM, BAT), Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis (EP, DS), and Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (SM), National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
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44
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Li J, Xing Y, Zhou Z, Yao W, Cao R, Li T, Xu M, Wu J. Microbial HSP70 peptide epitope 407–426 as adjuvant in tumor-derived autophagosome vaccine therapy of mouse lung cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:15097-15105. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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45
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George J, Saito M, Tsuta K, Iwakawa R, Shiraishi K, Scheel AH, Uchida S, Watanabe SI, Nishikawa R, Noguchi M, Peifer M, Jang SJ, Petersen I, Büttner R, Harris CC, Yokota J, Thomas RK, Kohno T. Genomic Amplification of CD274 (PD-L1) in Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:1220-1226. [PMID: 27620277 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), encoded by the CD274 gene, is a target for immune checkpoint blockade; however, little is known about genomic CD274 alterations. A subset of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) exhibits increased copy number of chromosome 9p24, on which CD274 resides; however, most SCLCs show low expression of PD-L1. We therefore examined whether CD274 is a target of recurrent genomic alterations.Experimental Design: We examined somatic copy number alterations in two patient cohorts by quantitative real-time PCR in 72 human SCLC cases (cohort 1) and SNP array analysis in 138 human SCLC cases (cohort 2). Whole-genome sequencing revealed the detailed genomic structure underlying focal amplification. PD-L1 expression in amplified cases from cohorts 1 and 2 was further examined by transcriptome sequencing and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining.Results: By examining somatic copy number alterations in two cohorts of primary human SCLC specimens, we observed 9p24 copy number gains (where CD274 resides) and focal, high-level amplification of CD274 We found evidence for genomic targeting of CD274, suggesting selection during oncogenic transformation. CD274 amplification was caused by genomic rearrangements not affecting the open reading frame, thus leading to massively increased CD274 transcripts and high level expression of PD-L1.Conclusions: A subset (4/210, 1.9%) of human SCLC patient cases exhibits massive expression of PD-L1 caused by focal amplification of CD274 Such tumors may be particularly susceptible to immune checkpoint blockade. Clin Cancer Res; 23(5); 1220-6. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie George
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Motonobu Saito
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuta
- Division of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reika Iwakawa
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouya Shiraishi
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andreas H Scheel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shinsuke Uchida
- Division of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichi Watanabe
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Nishikawa
- Department of Neuro-Oncology/Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masayuki Noguchi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Martin Peifer
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Se Jin Jang
- Center for Cancer Genome Discovery, Asan Institute for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Iver Petersen
- Institute of Pathology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jun Yokota
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Cancer Genome Biology Group, Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roman K Thomas
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center of Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,German Cancer Research Center, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Takashi Kohno
- Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Translational Research Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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46
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Dylla SJ. Toppling high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors with a DLL3-targeted trojan horse. Mol Cell Oncol 2016; 3:e1101515. [PMID: 27308627 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2015.1101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) is a novel and tractable tumor-initiating cell-associated target for the antibody-drug conjugate SC16LD6.5 in high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. Elevated expression of DLL3, an inhibitor of Notch pathway activation, marks the second recent observation that impairment of Notch receptor signaling may play a critical role in neuroendocrine tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J Dylla
- Stemcentrx Inc. , 450 East Jamie Court , South San Francisco, CA, USA
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47
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Rossi A, Sacco PC, Sgambato A, Casaluce F, Santabarbara G, Palazzolo G, Maione P, Gridelli C. Optimal drugs for second-line treatment of patients with small-cell lung cancer. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2016; 17:969-76. [DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2016.1154539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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48
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Greenberg EF, McColl KS, Zhong F, Wildey G, Dowlati A, Distelhorst CW. Synergistic killing of human small cell lung cancer cells by the Bcl-2-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor disruptor BIRD-2 and the BH3-mimetic ABT-263. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e2034. [PMID: 26720343 PMCID: PMC4720890 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has an annual mortality approaching that of breast and prostate cancer. Although sensitive to initial chemotherapy, SCLC rapidly develops resistance, leading to less effective second-line therapies. SCLC cells often overexpress Bcl-2, which protects cells from apoptosis both by sequestering pro-apoptotic family members and by modulating inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-mediated calcium signaling. BH3-mimetic agents such as ABT-263 disrupt the former activity but have limited activity in SCLC patients. Here we report for the first time that Bcl-2-IP3 receptor disruptor-2 (BIRD-2), a decoy peptide that binds to the BH4 domain of Bcl-2 and prevents Bcl-2 interaction with IP3Rs, induces cell death in a wide range of SCLC lines, including ABT-263-resistant lines. BIRD-2-induced death of SCLC cells appears to be a form of caspase-independent apoptosis mediated by calpain activation. By targeting different regions of the Bcl-2 protein and different mechanisms of action, BIRD-2 and ABT-263 induce cell death synergistically. Based on these findings, we propose that targeting the Bcl-2-IP3R interaction be pursued as a novel therapeutic strategy for SCLC, either by developing BIRD-2 itself as a therapeutic agent or by developing small-molecule inhibitors that mimic BIRD-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- E F Greenberg
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - K S McColl
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - F Zhong
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - G Wildey
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - A Dowlati
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C W Distelhorst
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
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49
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Saunders LR, Bankovich AJ, Anderson WC, Aujay MA, Bheddah S, Black K, Desai R, Escarpe PA, Hampl J, Laysang A, Liu D, Lopez-Molina J, Milton M, Park A, Pysz MA, Shao H, Slingerland B, Torgov M, Williams SA, Foord O, Howard P, Jassem J, Badzio A, Czapiewski P, Harpole DH, Dowlati A, Massion PP, Travis WD, Pietanza MC, Poirier JT, Rudin CM, Stull RA, Dylla SJ. A DLL3-targeted antibody-drug conjugate eradicates high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor-initiating cells in vivo. Sci Transl Med 2015; 7:302ra136. [PMID: 26311731 PMCID: PMC4934375 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aac9459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors, small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), remain among the most deadly malignancies. Therapies that effectively target and kill tumor-initiating cells (TICs) in these cancers should translate to improved patient survival. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors serve as excellent models to study tumor biology and characterize TICs. Increased expression of delta-like 3 (DLL3) was discovered in SCLC and LCNEC PDX tumors and confirmed in primary SCLC and LCNEC tumors. DLL3 protein is expressed on the surface of tumor cells but not in normal adult tissues. A DLL3-targeted antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), SC16LD6.5, comprised of a humanized anti-DLL3 monoclonal antibody conjugated to a DNA-damaging pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD) dimer toxin, induced durable tumor regression in vivo across multiple PDX models. Serial transplantation experiments executed with limiting dilutions of cells provided functional evidence confirming that the lack of tumor recurrence after SC16LD6.5 exposure resulted from effective targeting of DLL3-expressing TICs. In vivo efficacy correlated with DLL3 expression, and responses were observed in PDX models initiated from patients with both limited and extensive-stage disease and were independent of their sensitivity to standard-of-care chemotherapy regimens. SC16LD6.5 effectively targets and eradicates DLL3-expressing TICs in SCLC and LCNEC PDX tumors and is a promising first-in-class ADC for the treatment of high-grade pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amy Laysang
- Stemcentrx Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - David Liu
- Stemcentrx Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Milly Milton
- Stemcentrx Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Albert Park
- Stemcentrx Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Hui Shao
- Stemcentrx Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | | | | | - Orit Foord
- Stemcentrx Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Philip Howard
- Spirogen (a member of the AstraZeneca Group), London W2 6BD, UK
| | - Jacek Jassem
- Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk 82-300, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Afshin Dowlati
- Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Pierre P Massion
- Thoracic Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Tennessee Valley Healthcare Systems, Nashville Campus, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - M Catherine Pietanza
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - J T Poirier
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Scott J Dylla
- Stemcentrx Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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50
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Smoking, inflammation and small cell lung cancer: recent developments. Wien Med Wochenschr 2015; 165:379-86. [PMID: 26289596 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-015-0381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 15 % of all lung tumors and represents an invasive neuroendocrine malignancy with poor survival rates. This cancer is highly prevalent in smokers and characterized by inactivation of p53 and retinoblastoma. First in vitro expansion of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of SCLC patients allowed for investigation of the cell biology of tumor dissemination. In the suggested CTC SCLC model, the primary tumor attracts and educates tumor-promoting and immunosuppressive macrophages which in turn arm CTCs to spread and generate distal lesions. Preexisting inflammatory processes associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) seem to potentiate the subsequent activity of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). Activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and expression of chitinase-3-like 1/YKL-40 in SCLC CTCs seems to be associated with drug resistance. In conclusion, inflammation-associated generation of invasive and chemoresistant CTCs most likely explains the characteristic features of SCLC, namely early dissemination and rapid failure of chemotherapy.
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