1
|
Li A, Cao T, Feng L, Hu Y, Zhou Y, Yang P. Recent Advances in Metal-Hydride-Based Disease Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5355-5367. [PMID: 38265885 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In comparison to traditional antioxidant treatment methods, the use of hydrogen to eliminate reactive oxygen species from the body has the advantages of high biological safety, strong selectivity, and high clearance rate. As an energy storage material, metal hydrides have been extensively studied and used in transporting hydrogen as clean energy, which can achieve a high hydrogen load and controlled hydrogen release. Considering the antioxidant properties of hydrogen and the delivery ability of metal hydrides, metal-hydride-based disease treatment strategies have attracted widespread attention. Up to now, metal hydrides have been reported for the treatment of tumors and a range of inflammation-related diseases. However, limited by the insufficient investment, the use of metal hydrides in disease treatment still has many shortcomings, such as low targeting efficiency, limited therapeutic activity, and complex material preparation process. Particularly, metal hydrides have been found to have a series of optical, acoustic, and catalytic properties when scaled up to the nanoscale, and these properties are also widely used to promote disease treatment effects. From this new perspective, we comprehensively summarize the very recent research progress on metal-hydride-based disease treatment in this review. Ultimately, the challenges and prospects of such a burgeoning cancer theranostics modality are outlooked to provide inspiration for the further development and clinical translation of metal hydrides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Cao
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, People's Republic of China
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Feng
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaofeng Zhou
- Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, People's Republic of China
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310030, People's Republic of China
| | - Piaoping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Amjadi A, Alami F, Mohammadian MK, Mirshafaei SR, Azaryan F, Houshiar-Rad A, Esmaeili M, Shekari S, Abdollahi M, Khoshdooz S, Ajami M, Doaei S, Gholamalizadeh M. Association between ischemic heart disease and dietary intake of lycopene: a case-control study. Front Nutr 2024; 10:1281539. [PMID: 38264195 PMCID: PMC10804451 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1281539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The effect of dietary lycopene on ischemic heart disease (IHD) is not clear. Hence, this study aimed to determine the association between dietary lycopene and IHD. Methods This case-control study was conducted on 443 patients with physician confirmed diagnosis of IHD as the case group and 443 healthy individuals as the control group. Data on demographic, medical history, anthropometric, and physical activity of the participants were collected. Food intake was evaluated using a 237-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The dietary intake of lycopene was assessed using Nutritionist IV software. Results A negative association was found between IHD and lycopene (OR: 0.98, CI 95%: 0.963-0.996, p = 0.02). The results remained significant after adjustment for age and sex, additional adjustment for dietary intake of calorie and fat, further adjustments for BMI, and additional adjustment for smoking, drinking alcohol, and physical activity. The risk of IHD in people with the highest quartile of dietary intake of lycopene was significantly lower than those with the lowest quartile (OR = 0.67, CI 95%: 0.46-0.97, p = 0.036). Conclusion There was a significant inverse relationship between intake of lycopene and IHD. Further prospective studies in different populations are required to elucidate the roles of lycopene against IHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Amjadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Alami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Seyed Reza Mirshafaei
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, Roudsar and Amlash Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudsar, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Azaryan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Anahita Houshiar-Rad
- Department of Nutrition Research, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Esmaeili
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Shekari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Khoshdooz
- Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Marjan Ajami
- Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mayo KH. Heterologous Interactions with Galectins and Chemokines and Their Functional Consequences. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14083. [PMID: 37762385 PMCID: PMC10531749 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Extra- and intra-cellular activity occurs under the direction of numerous inter-molecular interactions, and in any tissue or cell, molecules are densely packed, thus promoting those molecular interactions. Galectins and chemokines, the focus of this review, are small, protein effector molecules that mediate various cellular functions-in particular, cell adhesion and migration-as well as cell signaling/activation. In the past, researchers have reported that combinations of these (and other) effector molecules act separately, yet sometimes in concert, but nevertheless physically apart and via their individual cell receptors. This view that each effector molecule functions independently of the other limits our thinking about functional versatility and cooperation, and, in turn, ignores the prospect of physiologically important inter-molecular interactions, especially when both molecules are present or co-expressed in the same cellular environment. This review is focused on such protein-protein interactions with chemokines and galectins, the homo- and hetero-oligomeric structures that they can form, and the functional consequences of those paired interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota Health Sciences Center, 6-155 Jackson Hall, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang C, Chen G, Wu F, Cao Y, Yang F, You T, Liu C, Li M, Hu S, Ren L, Lu Q, Deng W, Xu Y, Wang G, Jo H, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Zabel BA, Zhu L. Endothelial CCRL2 induced by disturbed flow promotes atherosclerosis via chemerin-dependent β2 integrin activation in monocytes. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:1811-1824. [PMID: 37279540 PMCID: PMC10405567 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Chemoattractants and their cognate receptors are essential for leucocyte recruitment during atherogenesis, and atherosclerotic plaques preferentially occur at predilection sites of the arterial wall with disturbed flow (d-flow). In profiling the endothelial expression of atypical chemoattractant receptors (ACKRs), we found that Ackr5 (CCRL2) was up-regulated in an endothelial subpopulation by atherosclerotic stimulation. We therefore investigated the role of CCRL2 and its ligand chemerin in atherosclerosis and the underlying mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS By analysing scRNA-seq data of the left carotid artery under d-flow and scRNA-seq datasets GSE131776 of ApoE-/- mice from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we found that CCRL2 was up-regulated in one subpopulation of endothelial cells in response to d-flow stimulation and atherosclerosis. Using CCRL2-/-ApoE-/- mice, we showed that CCRL2 deficiency protected against plaque formation primarily in the d-flow areas of the aortic arch in ApoE-/- mice fed high-fat diet. Disturbed flow induced the expression of vascular endothelial CCRL2, recruiting chemerin, which caused leucocyte adhesion to the endothelium. Surprisingly, instead of binding to monocytic CMKLR1, chemerin was found to activate β2 integrin, enhancing ERK1/2 phosphorylation and monocyte adhesion. Moreover, chemerin was found to have protein disulfide isomerase-like enzymatic activity, which was responsible for the interaction of chemerin with β2 integrin, as identified by a Di-E-GSSG assay and a proximity ligation assay. For clinical relevance, relatively high serum levels of chemerin were found in patients with acute atherothrombotic stroke compared to healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that d-flow-induced CCRL2 promotes atherosclerotic plaque formation via a novel CCRL2-chemerin-β2 integrin axis, providing potential targets for the prevention or therapeutic intervention of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaojun Tang
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
| | - Guona Chen
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yiren Cao
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tao You
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chu Liu
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Menglu Li
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shuhong Hu
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lijie Ren
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qiongyu Lu
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Cambridge-Suda Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guixue Wang
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Brian A Zabel
- Palo Alto Veterans Institute for Research (PAVIR), Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System (VAPAHCS), Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Li Zhu
- Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- The Ninth Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Rm 509, Bldg 703, 199 Ren’ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Devkota SR, Aryal P, Pokhrel R, Jiao W, Perry A, Panjikar S, Payne RJ, Wilce MCJ, Bhusal RP, Stone MJ. Engineering broad-spectrum inhibitors of inflammatory chemokines from subclass A3 tick evasins. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4204. [PMID: 37452046 PMCID: PMC10349104 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are key regulators of leukocyte trafficking and attractive targets for anti-inflammatory therapy. Evasins are chemokine-binding proteins from tick saliva, whose application as anti-inflammatory therapeutics will require manipulation of their chemokine target selectivity. Here we describe subclass A3 evasins, which are unique to the tick genus Amblyomma and distinguished from "classical" class A1 evasins by an additional disulfide bond near the chemokine recognition interface. The A3 evasin EVA-AAM1001 (EVA-A) bound to CC chemokines and inhibited their receptor activation. Unlike A1 evasins, EVA-A was not highly dependent on N- and C-terminal regions to differentiate chemokine targets. Structures of chemokine-bound EVA-A revealed a deep hydrophobic pocket, unique to A3 evasins, that interacts with the residue immediately following the CC motif of the chemokine. Mutations to this pocket altered the chemokine selectivity of EVA-A. Thus, class A3 evasins provide a suitable platform for engineering proteins with applications in research, diagnosis or anti-inflammatory therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Raj Devkota
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Pramod Aryal
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Rina Pokhrel
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Wanting Jiao
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Perry
- Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Santosh Panjikar
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Richard J Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Matthew C J Wilce
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Ram Prasad Bhusal
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| | - Martin J Stone
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Weber C, Habenicht AJR, von Hundelshausen P. Novel mechanisms and therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis: inflammation and beyond. Eur Heart J 2023:7175015. [PMID: 37210082 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This review based on the ESC William Harvey Lecture in Basic Science 2022 highlights recent experimental and translational progress on the therapeutic targeting of the inflammatory components in atherosclerosis, introducing novel strategies to limit side effects and to increase efficacy. Since the validation of the inflammatory paradigm in CANTOS and COLCOT, efforts to control the residual risk conferred by inflammation have centred on the NLRP3 inflammasome-driven IL-1β-IL6 axis. Interference with the co-stimulatory dyad CD40L-CD40 and selective targeting of tumour necrosis factor-receptor associated factors (TRAFs), namely the TRAF6-CD40 interaction in macrophages by small molecule inhibitors, harbour intriguing options to reduce established atherosclerosis and plaque instability without immune side effects. The chemokine system crucial for shaping immune cell recruitment and homoeostasis can be fine-tuned and modulated by its heterodimer interactome. Structure-function analysis enabled the design of cyclic, helical, or linked peptides specifically targeting or mimicking these interactions to limit atherosclerosis or thrombosis by blunting myeloid recruitment, boosting regulatory T cells, inhibiting platelet activity, or specifically blocking the atypical chemokine MIF without notable side effects. Finally, adventitial neuroimmune cardiovascular interfaces in advanced atherosclerosis show robust restructuring of innervation from perivascular ganglia and employ sensory neurons of dorsal root ganglia to enter the central nervous system and to establish an atherosclerosis-brain circuit sensor, while sympathetic and vagal efferents project to the celiac ganglion to create an atherosclerosis-brain circuit effector. Disrupting this circuitry by surgical or chemical sympathectomy limited disease progression and enhanced plaque stability, opening exciting perspectives for selective and tailored intervention beyond anti-inflammatory strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas J R Habenicht
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Pettenkoferstraße 9, 80336 München, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Markin AM, Markina YV, Bogatyreva AI, Tolstik TV, Chakal DA, Breshenkov DG, Charchyan ER. The Role of Cytokines in Cholesterol Accumulation in Cells and Atherosclerosis Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076426. [PMID: 37047399 PMCID: PMC10094347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the most common cardiovascular disease and is the number one cause of death worldwide. Today, atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease with an autoimmune component, accompanied by the accumulation of cholesterol in the vessel wall and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, endothelial dysfunction, and chronic inflammation. In the process of accumulation of atherogenic lipids, cells of the immune system, such as monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, etc., play an important role, producing and/or activating the production of various cytokines—interferons, interleukins, chemokines. In this review, we have tried to summarize the most important cytokines involved in the processes of atherogenesis.
Collapse
|
8
|
M1/M2 re-polarization of kaempferol biomimetic NPs in anti-inflammatory therapy of atherosclerosis. J Control Release 2023; 353:1068-1083. [PMID: 36549391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), a leading cause of death worldwide, involves chronic macrophage inflammation from its initiation to the emergence of complications. Targeting plaque inflammation by re-polarizing pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 could therefore provide a promising strategy to treat AS, but currently available anti-inflammatory drugs limit clinical outcomes. In this study, we found that kaempferol (KPF) is capable of potential anti-inflammation as a novel drug candidate, which has been scarcely reported. Building upon these findings, we fabricated a macrophage-biomimetic KPF delivery platform, abbreviated as KPF@MM-NPs to potentiate therapeutic payloads, wherein the designed ROS-responsive Dextran-g-PBMEO NPs with π-π stacking were coated with macrophage membrane (MM) for effective target and accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions. Therapy of KPF@MM-NPs afforded significant decrease in proliferating macrophage inflammation while went with the reduction of key pro-inflammatory cytokines and re-polarization M1 to M2 phenotype, inducing excellent anti-AS responses in ApoE-/- mice after i.p. delivery. The mechanism of KPF@MM-NPs was further investigated and found it related to block the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathways. Together with as well demonstrated biosafety profiles, this proof-of-concept opens an instructive door for the study of KPF-mediated nanodrugs in treatment of AS based on biomimetic NPs.
Collapse
|
9
|
Karimabad MN, Hassanshahi G, Kounis NG, Mplani V, Roditis P, Gogos C, Lagadinou M, Assimakopoulos SF, Dousdampanis P, Koniari I. The Chemokines CXC, CC and C in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19 Disease and as Surrogates of Vaccine-Induced Innate and Adaptive Protective Responses. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081299. [PMID: 36016187 PMCID: PMC9416781 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is one of the progressive viral pandemics that originated from East Asia. COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to be associated with a chain of physio-pathological mechanisms that are basically immunological in nature. In addition, chemokines have been proposed as a subgroup of chemotactic cytokines with different activities ranging from leukocyte recruitment to injury sites, irritation, and inflammation to angiostasis and angiogenesis. Therefore, researchers have categorized the chemotactic elements into four classes, including CX3C, CXC, CC, and C, based on the location of the cysteine motifs in their structures. Considering the severe cases of COVID-19, the hyperproduction of particular chemokines occurring in lung tissue as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines significantly worsen the disease prognosis. According to the studies conducted in the field documenting the changing expression of CXC and CC chemokines in COVID-19 cases, the CC and CXC chemokines contribute to this pandemic, and their impact could reflect the development of reasonable strategies for COVID-19 management. The CC and the CXC families of chemokines are important in host immunity to viral infections and along with other biomarkers can serve as the surrogates of vaccine-induced innate and adaptive protective responses, facilitating the improvement of vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, the immunogenicity elicited by the chemokine response to adenovirus vector vaccines may constitute the basis of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopaenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Noroozi Karimabad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7717933777, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan 7717933777, Iran
| | - Nicholas G. Kounis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Patras Medical School, 26500 Patras, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Virginia Mplani
- Intensive Care Unit, Patras University Hospital, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Pavlos Roditis
- Department of Cardiology, Mamatsio Kozanis General Hospital, 50100 Kozani, Greece
| | - Christos Gogos
- COVID-19 Unit, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Lagadinou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Patras Medical School, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Stelios F. Assimakopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Patras Medical School, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Periklis Dousdampanis
- Department of Nephrology, Saint Andrews State General Hospital, 26221 Patras, Greece
| | - Ioanna Koniari
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chai H, Qu H, He S, Song L, Yang Y, Huang H, Shi D. Zedoarondiol inhibits atherosclerosis by regulating monocyte migration and adhesion via CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106328. [PMID: 35772647 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is an essential pathological changes of ischemic cardio-cerebrovascular disease, and monocyte migration and adhesion to endothelial cells are the critical pathological process in AS. Our previous studies demonstrated a beneficial effect of zedoarondiol in AS, but whether the mechanism is associated with monocyte migration and adhesion to endothelial cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether the anti-atherosclerotic effects of zedoarondiol were associated with decreasing migration and adhesion of monocytes. The oil red O staining demonstrated that zedoarondiol ameliorated AS plaques in en face aorta and aortic root of apolipoprotein E gene knocked (apoE-/-) mice. In vitro, zedoarondiol decreased human monocytic macrophage-like cell line (THP-1) monocytes migration and adhesion to endothelial cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis (scRNA-seq) in mice indicated that zedoarondiol decreased monocytes adhesion to endothelial cells by regulating CXC chemokine ligand 12/CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCL12/CXCR4) pathway, which was verified by Western blot of THP-1 monocytes;zedoarondiol also decreased the expressions of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF/κB), the downstream proteins of CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway. In conclusion, zedoarondiol ameliorated AS plaque and inhibited monocyte migration and adhesion to endothelial cells via regulating CXCL12/CXCR4 pathway, suggesting that zedoarondiol might be a new promising drug for AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chai
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Hua Qu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Shan He
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Lei Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yu Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hongbo Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Živković L, Asare Y, Bernhagen J, Dichgans M, Georgakis MK. Pharmacological Targeting of the CCL2/CCR2 Axis for Atheroprotection: A Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Studies. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:e131-e144. [PMID: 35387476 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.317492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CCL2 (CC-chemokine ligand 2)/CCR2 (CC-chemokine receptor 2) axis governs monocyte recruitment to atherosclerotic lesions. Genetic and epidemiological studies show strong associations of CCL2 levels with atherosclerotic disease. Still, experimental studies testing pharmacological inhibition of CCL2 or CCR2 in atheroprone mice apply widely different approaches and report variable results, thus halting clinical translation. METHODS We systematically searched the literature for studies employing pharmacological CCL2/CCR2 blockade in atheroprone mice and meta-analyzed their effects on lesion size and morphology. RESULTS In a meta-analysis of 14 studies testing 11 different agents, CCL2/CCR2 blockade attenuated atherosclerotic lesion size in the aortic root or arch (g=-0.75 [-1.17 to -0.32], P=6×10-4; N=171/171 mice in experimental/control group), the carotid (g=-2.39 [-4.23 to -0.55], P=0.01; N=24/25), and the femoral artery (g=-2.38 [-3.50 to -1.26], P=3×10-5; N=10/10). Furthermore, CCL2/CCR2 inhibition reduced intralesional macrophage accumulation and increased smooth muscle cell content and collagen deposition. The effects of CCL2/CCR2 inhibition on lesion size correlated with reductions in plaque macrophage accumulation, in accord with a prominent role of CCL2/CCR2 signaling in monocyte recruitment. Subgroup analyses showed comparable efficacy of different CCL2- and CCR2-inhibitors in reducing lesion size and intralesional macrophages. The quality assessment revealed high risk of detection bias due to lack of blinding during outcome assessment, as well as evidence of attrition and reporting bias. CONCLUSIONS Preclinical evidence suggests that pharmacological targeting of CCL2 or CCR2 might lower atherosclerotic lesion burden, but the majority of existing studies suffer major quality issues that highlight the need for additional high-quality research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luka Živković
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany (L.Ž., Y.A., J.B., M.D., M.K.G.)
| | - Yaw Asare
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany (L.Ž., Y.A., J.B., M.D., M.K.G.)
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany (L.Ž., Y.A., J.B., M.D., M.K.G.).,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (J.B., M.D.).,Munich Heart Alliance, German Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (DZHK), Germany (J.B.)
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany (L.Ž., Y.A., J.B., M.D., M.K.G.).,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (J.B., M.D.).,German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany (M.D.)
| | - Marios K Georgakis
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany (L.Ž., Y.A., J.B., M.D., M.K.G.).,Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (M.K.G.).,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, MA (M.K.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
MK2206 attenuates atherosclerosis by inhibiting lipid accumulation, cell migration, proliferation, and inflammation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:897-907. [PMID: 34316032 PMCID: PMC8976090 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a common comorbidity in patients with cancer, and the main leading cause of noncancer-related deaths in cancer survivors. Considering that current antitumor drugs usually induce cardiovascular injury, the quest for developing new antitumor drugs, especially those with cardiovascular protection, is crucial for improving cancer prognosis. MK2206 is a phase II clinical anticancer drug and the role of this drug in cardiovascular disease is still unclear. Here, we revealed that MK2206 significantly reduced vascular inflammation, atherosclerotic lesions, and inhibited proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cell in ApoE-/- mice in vivo. We demonstrated that MK2206 reduced lipid accumulation by promoting cholesterol efflux but did not affect lipid uptake and decreased inflammatory response by modulating inflammation-related mRNA stability in macrophages. In addition, we revealed that MK2206 suppressed migration, proliferation, and inflammation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Moreover, MK2206 inhibited proliferation and inflammation of endothelial cells. The present results suggest that MK2206, as a promising drug in clinical antitumor therapy, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antiatherosclerotic potential. This report provides a novel strategy for the prevention of cardiovascular comorbidities in cancer survivors.
Collapse
|
13
|
Shen JW, Li C, Yang MY, Lin JF, Yin MD, Zou JJ, Wu PY, Chen L, Song LX, Shao JW. Biomimetic nanoparticles: U937 cell membranes based core-shell nanosystems for targeted atherosclerosis therapy. Int J Pharm 2022; 611:121297. [PMID: 34822966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), with its intricate pathogenesis, is primarily responsible for the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Although drug development has made some achievements in AS therapy, limited targeting ability and rapid blood clearance remain great challenges for achieving superior clinical outcomes. Herein, ginsenoside (Re)- and catalase (CAT)-coloaded porous poly(lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared and then surface modified with U937 cell membranes (UCMs) to yield a dual targeted model and multimechanism treatment biomimetic nanosystem (Cat/Re@PLGA@UCM). The nanoparticles consisted of a core-shell spherical morphology with a favorable size of 112.7 ± 0.4 nm. Furthermore, UCM assisted the nanosystem in escaping macrophage phagocytosis and targeting atherosclerotic plaques. Meanwhile, loading with catalase might not only exhibit favorable antioxidant effects but also enable H2O2-responsive drug release ability. The Cat/Re@PLGA@UCM NPs also exhibited outstanding ROS scavenging properties, downregulating ICAM-1, TNF-α and IL-1β, while preventing angiogenesis to attenuate the progression of AS. Moreover, the nanodrugs displayed 2.7-fold greater efficiency in reducing the atherosclerotic area in ApoE-/- mouse models compared to free Re. Our nanoformulation also displayed excellent biosafety in response to long-term administration. Overall, our study demonstrated the superiority of UCM-coated stimuli-responsive nanodrugs for effective and safe AS therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Wen Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Chao Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Ming-Yue Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Juan-Fang Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Meng-Die Yin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Peng-Yu Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Materials and Chemical Engineering College of Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Long-Xiang Song
- Materials and Chemical Engineering College of Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jing-Wei Shao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alluri SR, Higashi Y, Kil KE. PET Imaging Radiotracers of Chemokine Receptors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175174. [PMID: 34500609 PMCID: PMC8434599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and chemokine receptors have been recognized as critical signal components that maintain the physiological functions of various cells, particularly the immune cells. The signals of chemokines/chemokine receptors guide various leukocytes to respond to inflammatory reactions and infectious agents. Many chemokine receptors play supportive roles in the differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis of diverse tumor cells. In addition, the signaling functions of a few chemokine receptors are associated with cardiac, pulmonary, and brain disorders. Over the years, numerous promising molecules ranging from small molecules to short peptides and antibodies have been developed to study the role of chemokine receptors in healthy states and diseased states. These drug-like candidates are in turn exploited as radiolabeled probes for the imaging of chemokine receptors using noninvasive in vivo imaging, such as positron emission tomography (PET). Recent advances in the development of radiotracers for various chemokine receptors, particularly of CXCR4, CCR2, and CCR5, shed new light on chemokine-related cancer and cardiovascular research and the subsequent drug development. Here, we present the recent progress in PET radiotracer development for imaging of various chemokine receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh R. Alluri
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Yusuke Higashi
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Kun-Eek Kil
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(573)-884-7885
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Deroissart J, Porsch F, Koller T, Binder CJ. Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Therapies in Atherosclerosis. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 270:359-404. [PMID: 34251531 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor in atherosclerosis development and lipid-lowering drugs (i.e., statins) remain the treatment of choice. Despite effective reduction of LDL cholesterol in patients, a residual cardiovascular risk persists in some individuals, highlighting the need for further therapeutic intervention. Recently, the CANTOS trial paved the way toward the development of specific therapies targeting inflammation, a key feature in atherosclerosis progression. The pre-existence of multiple drugs modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses has significantly accelerated the number of translational studies applying these drugs to atherosclerosis. Additional preclinical research has led to the discovery of new therapeutic targets, offering promising perspectives for the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis. Currently, both drugs with selective targeting and broad unspecific anti-inflammatory effects have been tested. In this chapter, we aim to give an overview of current advances in immunomodulatory treatment approaches for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Deroissart
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florentina Porsch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Koller
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph J Binder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Georgakis MK, van der Laan SW, Asare Y, Mekke JM, Haitjema S, Schoneveld AH, de Jager SCA, Nurmohamed NS, Kroon J, Stroes ESG, de Kleijn DPV, de Borst GJ, Maegdefessel L, Soehnlein O, Pasterkamp G, Dichgans M. Monocyte-Chemoattractant Protein-1 Levels in Human Atherosclerotic Lesions Associate With Plaque Vulnerability. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2038-2048. [PMID: 33827260 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marios K Georgakis
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany (M.K.G., Y.A., M.D.)
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, the Netherlands (S.W.v.d.L., S.C.A.d.J.)
| | - Yaw Asare
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany (M.K.G., Y.A., M.D.)
| | - Joost M Mekke
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties (J.M.M., D.P.V.d.K., G.J.d.B.), University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia Haitjema
- Center Diagnostic Laboratory, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy (S.H., A.H.S., G.P.), University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Arjan H Schoneveld
- Center Diagnostic Laboratory, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy (S.H., A.H.S., G.P.), University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia C A de Jager
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, the Netherlands (S.W.v.d.L., S.C.A.d.J.)
| | - Nick S Nurmohamed
- Department of Vascular Medicine (N.S.N., E.S.G.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology (N.S.N.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Kroon
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (J.K.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik S G Stroes
- Department of Vascular Medicine (N.S.N., E.S.G.S.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers (UMC), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dominique P V de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties (J.M.M., D.P.V.d.K., G.J.d.B.), University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Gert J de Borst
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Division of Surgical Specialties (J.M.M., D.P.V.d.K., G.J.d.B.), University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany (L.M.).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK partner site), Munich, Germany (L.M.)
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Klinikum LMU Munich, Germany (O.S.).,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (O.S.).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (O.S.).,Institute for Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Münster, Germany (O.S.)
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Center Diagnostic Laboratory, Division Laboratories and Pharmacy (S.H., A.H.S., G.P.), University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany (M.K.G., Y.A., M.D.).,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (M.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hong Z, Wei Z, Xie T, Fu L, Sun J, Zhou F, Jamal M, Zhang Q, Shao L. Targeting chemokines for acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:48. [PMID: 33743810 PMCID: PMC7981899 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01060-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the malignant clonal expansion of lymphoid hematopoietic precursors. It is regulated by various signaling molecules such as cytokines and adhesion molecules in its microenvironment. Chemokines are chemotactic cytokines that regulate migration, positioning and interactions of cells. Many chemokine axes such as CXCL12/CXCR4 and CCL25/CCR9 have been proved to play important roles in leukemia microenvironment and further affect ALL outcomes. In this review, we summarize the chemokines that are involved in ALL progression and elaborate on their roles and mechanisms in leukemia cell proliferation, infiltration, drug resistance and disease relapse. We also discuss the potential of targeting chemokine axes for ALL treatments, since many related inhibitors have shown promising efficacy in preclinical trials, and some of them have entered clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Hong
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zimeng Wei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Fu
- The First Clinical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxing Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuling Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Jamal
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiuping Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liang Shao
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sharma AR, Sharma G, Bhattacharya M, Lee SS, Chakraborty C. Circulating miRNA in atherosclerosis: a clinical biomarker and early diagnostic tool. Curr Mol Med 2021; 22:250-262. [PMID: 33719955 DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666210315124438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, which is a vascular disease, is characterized by narrowing the arteries and forming plaque inside arteries. There is a record 17.5 million associated deaths recorded annually, representing 31% of global death. It has been noted that there is an association between vascular fibrosis and atherosclerosis. The thickening of the arterial wall and reduction of the lumen diameter may cause unwarranted deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), and these conditions help in the progression of many clinical diseases and pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis. Here, we reviewed the involvement of various circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in the very early diagnosis of atherosclerosis. We have also tried to provide an insight into the advantages and validation of circulating miRNAs through different techniques. We have discussed different circulating miRNAs, such as miR-17, miR-17-5p, miR-29b, miR-30, miR-92a, miR-126, miR-143, miR-145, miR-146a, miR-212, miR-218, miR-221, miR-222, miR-361-5p, as a biomarker for clinical diagnosis of atherosclerosis. The insightful demonstration in this review will offer a better opportunity for the researchers and technology developers in understanding the current scenario of circulating miRNA, which could facilitate them in improving the current diagnostic technologies of atherosclerosis in clinics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do, 24252. Korea
| | - Garima Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341. Korea
| | - Manojit Bhattacharya
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore- 756020 Odisha. India
| | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon, Gangwon-Do, 24252. Korea
| | - Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Barasat-Barrackpore Rd, Kolkata, West Bengal 700126. India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shanthamurthy CD, Leviatan Ben-Arye S, Kumar NV, Yehuda S, Amon R, Woods RJ, Padler-Karavani V, Kikkeri R. Heparan Sulfate Mimetics Differentially Affect Homologous Chemokines and Attenuate Cancer Development. J Med Chem 2021; 64:3367-3380. [PMID: 33683903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Achieving selective inhibition of chemokine activity by structurally well-defined heparan sulfate (HS) or HS mimetic molecules can provide important insights into their roles in individual physiological and pathological cellular processes. Here, we report a novel tailor-made HS mimetic, which furnishes an exclusive iduronic acid (IdoA) scaffold with different sulfation patterns and oligosaccharide chain lengths as potential ligands to target chemokines. Notably, highly sulfated-IdoA tetrasaccharide (I-45) exhibited strong binding to CCL2 chemokine thereby blocking CCL2/CCR2-mediated in vitro cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Taken together, IdoA-based HS mimetics offer an alternative HS substrate to generate selective and efficient inhibitors for chemokines and pave the way to a wide range of new therapeutic applications in cancer biology and immunology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chethan D Shanthamurthy
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Shani Leviatan Ben-Arye
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, the Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, the George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | | | - Sharon Yehuda
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, the Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, the George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Ron Amon
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, the Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, the George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Robert J Woods
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens 306062 Georgia, United States
| | - Vered Padler-Karavani
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, the Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, the George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Raghavendra Kikkeri
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pączek S, Łukaszewicz-Zając M, Mroczko B. Chemokines-What Is Their Role in Colorectal Cancer? Cancer Control 2020; 27:1073274820903384. [PMID: 32103675 PMCID: PMC7066593 DOI: 10.1177/1073274820903384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. It
is the second most frequently diagnosed malignancy in Europe and third
worldwide. Colorectal malignancies diagnosed at an early stage offer a promising
survival rate. However, advanced tumors often present distant metastases even
after the complete resection of a primary tumor. Therefore, novel biomarkers of
CRC are sorely needed in the diagnosis and prognosis of this common malignancy.
A family of chemokines are composed of small, secreted proteins. They are best
known for their ability to stimulate the migration of several cell types. Some
investigations have indicated that chemokines are involved in cancer
development, including CRC. This article presents current knowledge regarding
chemokines and their specific receptors in CRC progression. Moreover, the prime
aim of this review is to summarize the potential role of these proteins as
biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pączek
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.,Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jansig E, Geissler S, Rieckmann V, Kuenemund A, Hietel B, Schenk M, Wussow S, Kreideweiss P, Panzner S, Reinsch C, Cynis H. Viromers as carriers for mRNA-mediated expression of therapeutic molecules under inflammatory conditions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15090. [PMID: 32934311 PMCID: PMC7494895 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic mRNA delivery has been described for several treatment options, such as vaccination and cancer immunotherapy. However, mRNA delivery has to be accompanied by the development and testing of suitable carrier materials due to the instability of mRNAs in human body fluids. In the present study, we investigated the ability of recently developed Viromers to deliver mRNAs in a classical inflammatory setting. We tested mRNAs coding for active components of preclinical (7ND) and approved (sTNF-RII) biologics, in vitro and in vivo. 7ND is an established blocker of the CCR2 axis, whereas sTNF-RII is the active component of the approved drug Etanercept. Viromer/mRNA complexes were transfected into murine macrophages in vitro. Protein expression was analysed using Luciferase reporter expression and mainly identified in spleen, blood and bone marrow in vivo. 7ND-mRNA delivery led to efficient blockage of monocytes infiltration in thioglycolate-induced peritonitis in mice, underlining the ability of Viromers to deliver a therapeutic mRNA cargo without overt toxicity. Therefore, we propose Viromer-based mRNA delivery as a suitable option for the treatment of inflammatory disorders beyond infusion of biological molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edith Jansig
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Stefanie Geissler
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Vera Rieckmann
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Anja Kuenemund
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Benjamin Hietel
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Mathias Schenk
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wussow
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Steffen Panzner
- BioNTech Delivery Technologies GmbH, Weinbergweg 23, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Christian Reinsch
- BioNTech Delivery Technologies GmbH, Weinbergweg 23, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Holger Cynis
- Department of Drug Design and Target Validation, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Monickaraj F, Oruganti SR, McGuire P, Das A. A potential novel therapeutic target in diabetic retinopathy: a chemokine receptor (CCR2/CCR5) inhibitor reduces retinal vascular leakage in an animal model. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020; 259:93-100. [PMID: 32816099 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-020-04884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We have previously shown that the chemokine CCL2 plays an important role in monocyte trafficking into the retina and alteration of the BRB in an animal model of diabetic retinopathy. In this study, we examined the effect of pharmacologically targeting the chemokine pathway to reduce the increased retinal vascular permeability in this model. METHODS C57BL/6 J mice were made diabetic using streptozotocin. After 4 months of diabetes, mice (n = 10) were treated by intraperitoneal injections of TAK-779 (dual CCR2/CCR5 inhibitor) (30 mg/kg) daily for 2 weeks. Retinal vascular permeability and protein expression were done using western blot. The SDF-1 levels were measured by ELISA. Immune cell infiltration in the retinas was measured using flow cytometry. RESULTS The dual inhibitor significantly decreased retinal vascular permeability in diabetic animals. There was a significant reduction in macrophage/microglia infiltration in the retinas of treated animals. Levels of SDF-1 and ICAM-1 were significantly reduced and the tight junction protein ZO-1 level was increased, and phospho-VE-Cad was significantly reduced with drug treatment. CONCLUSIONS A chemokine receptor inhibitor (CCR2/CCR5) can reduce retinal vascular permeability in diabetic animals. Targeting the chemokine pathway pharmacologically may be used as a novel therapeutic strategy in management of diabetic macular edema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Finny Monickaraj
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC10 5610, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sreenivasa R Oruganti
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Paul McGuire
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Arup Das
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC10 5610, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
- New Mexico VA Health Care System, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li L, Lou W, Li H, Zhu Y, Huang X. Upregulated C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 Promotes Ischemic Stroke via Chemokine Signaling Pathway. Ann Vasc Surg 2020; 68:476-486. [PMID: 32422289 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2020.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate the potential effect and the underlying mechanism of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in ischemic stroke. METHODS An integrated bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed (DE) genes and their related pathways in ischemic stroke. In vivo study of a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was further established to assess the effect of CCL2 on severity of neurologic impairments. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines were also evaluated using the ELISA assay, and Western blot was also used to determine the expression of CCL2 and other DE proteins in the related pathways. RESULTS A total of 88 DE genes were identified from the microarray dataset of ischemic stroke. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that CCL2 was highly expressed in ischemic stroke tissue and promoted the ischemic stroke progression via activation of the chemokine signaling pathway and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway. The in vivo study of the ischemic stroke rat model also showed that the CCL2 expression was elevated in the MCAO/R rats, with significant neurological impairments and ischemic infarct area in the brain tissue being observed. The administration of CCL2 inhibitors significantly inhibited the inflammatory response, attenuated the neurological impairments, and decreased the ischemic infarct area in the MCAO/R rats. Furthermore, the downregulation of CCL2 also inhibited the expression of the pathway-related proteins including CCL7, CCR2, CXCL16, and TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the CCL2/chemokine signaling pathway is responsible for ischemic stroke progression and might represent a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Lou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehong Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong'ang Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wu Y, Zhang F, Li X, Hou W, Zhang S, Feng Y, Lu R, Ding Y, Sun L. Systematic analysis of lncRNA expression profiles and atherosclerosis-associated lncRNA-mRNA network revealing functional lncRNAs in carotid atherosclerotic rabbit models. Funct Integr Genomics 2019; 20:103-115. [PMID: 31392586 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-019-00705-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a multifactorial and chronic immune inflammatory disorder, is the main cause of multiple cardiovascular diseases. Researchers recently reported that lncRNAs may exert important functions in the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). Some studies found that lncRNAs can act as ceRNAs to communicate with each other by the competition of common miRNA response elements. However, lncRNA-associated ceRNA network in terms of atherosclerosis is limited. In present study, we pioneered to construct and systematically analyze the lncRNA-mRNA network and reveal its potential roles in carotid atherosclerotic rabbit models. Atherosclerosis was induced in rabbits (n = 3) carotid arteries via a high-fat diet and balloon injury, while age-matched rabbits (n = 3) were treated with normal chow as controls. RNA-seq analysis was conducted on rabbits carotid arteries (n = 6) with or without plaque formation. Based on the ceRNA mechanism, a ternary interaction network including lncRNA, mRNA, and miRNA was generated and an AS-related lncRNA-mRNA network (ASLMN) was extracted. Furthermore, we analyzed the properties of ASLMN and discovered that six lncRNAs (MSTRG.10603.16, 5258.4, 12799.3, 5352.1, 12022.1, and 12250.4) were highly related to AS through topological analysis. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that lncRNA MSTRG.5258.4 may downregulate inducible co-stimulator to perform a downregulated role in AS through T cell receptor signaling pathway and downregulate THBS1 to conduct a upregulated function in AS through ECM-receptor interaction pathway. Finally, our results elucidated the important function of lncRNAs in the origination and progression of AS. We provided an ASLMN of atherosclerosis development in carotid arteries of rabbits and probable targets which may lay the foundation for future research of clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenying Hou
- Department of Ultrasound, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanan Feng
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Lu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Bioinformatics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Litao Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wei L, Petryk J, Gaudet C, Kamkar M, Gan W, Duan Y, Ruddy TD. Development of an inflammation imaging tracer, 111In-DOTA-DAPTA, targeting chemokine receptor CCR5 and preliminary evaluation in an ApoE -/- atherosclerosis mouse model. J Nucl Cardiol 2019; 26:1169-1178. [PMID: 29417414 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-018-1203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) plays an important role in atherosclerosis. Our objective was to develop a SPECT tracer targeting CCR5 for imaging plaque inflammation by radiolabeling D-Ala-peptide T-amide (DAPTA), a CCR5 antagonist, with 111In. METHODS 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) conjugated DAPTA (DOTA-DAPTA) was labeled with 111In. Cell uptake studies were conducted in U87-CD4-CCR5 and U87-MG cells. Biodistribution was determined in C57BL/6 mice. Autoradiography, en face and Oil Red O (ORO) imaging studies were performed in ApoE-/- mice. RESULTS DOTA-DAPTA was radiolabeled with 111In with high radiochemical purity (> 98%) and specific activity (70 MBq·nmol). 111In-DOTA-DAPTA exhibited fast blood and renal clearance and high spleen uptake. The U87-CD4-CCR5 cells had significantly higher uptake in comparison to the U87-MG cells. The cell uptake was reduced by three times with DAPTA, indicating the receptor specificity of the uptake. Autoradiographic images showed significantly higher lesion uptake of 111In-DOTA-DAPTA in ApoE-/- mice than that in C57BL/6 mice. The tracer uptake in 4 month old ApoE-/- high fat diet (HFD) mice with blocking agent was twofold lower than the same mice without the blocking agent, demonstrating the specificity of the tracer for the CCR5 receptor. CONCLUSION 111In-DOTA-DAPTA, specifically targeting chemokine receptor CCR5, is a potential SPECT agent for imaging inflammation in atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Wei
- Nordion Inc., 447 March Road, Ottawa, ON, K2K 1X8, Canada.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada.
- Nordion Lab, Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (C-MICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada.
| | - Julia Petryk
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada
- Nordion Lab, Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (C-MICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Chantal Gaudet
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Maryam Kamkar
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Wei Gan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada
- Nordion Lab, Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (C-MICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Yin Duan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada
- Nordion Lab, Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (C-MICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Terrence D Ruddy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada
- Nordion Lab, Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (C-MICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4W7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chemokines in COPD: From Implication to Therapeutic Use. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112785. [PMID: 31174392 PMCID: PMC6600384 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) represents the 3rd leading cause of death in the world. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms have been the focus of extensive research in the past. The lung has a complex architecture, where structural cells interact continuously with immune cells that infiltrate into the pulmonary tissue. Both types of cells express chemokines and chemokine receptors, making them sensitive to modifications of concentration gradients. Cigarette smoke exposure and recurrent exacerbations, directly and indirectly, impact the expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors. Here, we provide an overview of the evidence regarding chemokines involvement in COPD, and we hypothesize that a dysregulation of this tightly regulated system is critical in COPD evolution, both at a stable state and during exacerbations. Targeting chemokines and chemokine receptors could be highly attractive as a mean to control both chronic inflammation and bronchial remodeling. We present a special focus on the CXCL8-CXCR1/2, CXCL9/10/11-CXCR3, CCL2-CCR2, and CXCL12-CXCR4 axes that seem particularly involved in the disease pathophysiology.
Collapse
|
27
|
Pro-atherogenic proteoglycanase ADAMTS-1 is down-regulated by lauric acid through PI3K and JNK signaling pathways in THP-1 derived macrophages. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:2631-2641. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04661-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
28
|
Chan MWY, Viswanathan S. Recent progress on developing exogenous monocyte/macrophage-based therapies for inflammatory and degenerative diseases. Cytotherapy 2019; 21:393-415. [PMID: 30871899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies are a rapidly developing area of regenerative medicine as dynamic treatments that execute therapeutic functions multimodally. Monocytes and macrophages, as innate immune cells that control inflammation and tissue repair, are increasing popular clinical candidates due to their spectrum of functionality. In this article, we review the role of monocytes and macrophages specifically in inflammatory and degenerative disease pathology and the evidence supporting the use of these cells as an effective therapeutic strategy. We compare current strategies of exogenously polarized monocyte/macrophage therapies regarding dosage, delivery and processing to identify outcomes, advances and challenges to their clinical use. Monocytes/macrophages hold the potential to be a promising therapeutic avenue but understanding and optimization of disease-specific efficacy is needed to accelerate their clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mable Wing Yan Chan
- Arthritis Program, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sowmya Viswanathan
- Arthritis Program, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Cell Therapy Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bucerius J, Dijkgraaf I, Mottaghy FM, Schurgers LJ. Target identification for the diagnosis and intervention of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques beyond 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging: promising tracers on the horizon. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018; 46:251-265. [PMID: 30302506 PMCID: PMC6267660 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-018-4176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries and atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerotic lesions obstruct blood flow in the arterial vessel wall and can rupture leading to the formation of occlusive thrombi. Conventional diagnostic tools are still of limited value for identifying the vulnerable arterial plaque and for predicting its risk of rupture and of releasing thromboembolic material. Knowledge of the molecular and biological processes implicated in the process of atherosclerosis will advance the development of imaging probes to differentiate the vulnerable plaque. The development of imaging probes with high sensitivity and specificity in identifying high-risk atherosclerotic vessel wall changes and plaques is crucial for improving knowledge-based decisions and tailored individual interventions. Arterial PET imaging with 18F-FDG has shown promising results in identifying inflammatory vessel wall changes in numerous studies and clinical trials. However, due to its limited specificity in general and its intense physiological uptake in the left ventricular myocardium that impair imaging of the coronary arteries, different PET tracers for the molecular imaging of atherosclerosis have been evaluated. This review describes biological, chemical and medical expertise supporting a translational approach that will enable the development of new or the evaluation of existing PET tracers for the identification of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques for better risk prediction and benefit to patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Bucerius
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Ingrid Dijkgraaf
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Felix M Mottaghy
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 HX, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Leon J Schurgers
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Regenass P, Abboud D, Daubeuf F, Lehalle C, Gizzi P, Riché S, Hachet-Haas M, Rohmer F, Gasparik V, Boeglin D, Haiech J, Knehans T, Rognan D, Heissler D, Marsol C, Villa P, Galzi JL, Hibert M, Frossard N, Bonnet D. Discovery of a Locally and Orally Active CXCL12 Neutraligand (LIT-927) with Anti-inflammatory Effect in a Murine Model of Allergic Airway Hypereosinophilia. J Med Chem 2018; 61:7671-7686. [PMID: 30106292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported Chalcone-4 (1) that binds the chemokine CXCL12, not its cognate receptors CXCR4 or CXCR7, and neutralizes its biological activity. However, this neutraligand suffers from limitations such as poor chemical stability, solubility, and oral activity. Herein, we report on the discovery of pyrimidinone 57 (LIT-927), a novel neutraligand of CXCL12 which displays a higher solubility than 1 and is no longer a Michael acceptor. While both 1 and 57 reduce eosinophil recruitment in a murine model of allergic airway hypereosinophilia, 57 is the only one to display inhibitory activity following oral administration. Thereby, we here describe 57 as the first orally active CXCL12 neutraligand with anti-inflammatory properties. Combined with a high binding selectivity for CXCL12 over other chemokines, 57 represents a powerful pharmacological tool to investigate CXCL12 physiology in vivo and to explore the activity of chemokine neutralization in inflammatory and related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Regenass
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Dayana Abboud
- Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire , Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, UMR 7242 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , Bld Sébastien Brant , 67412 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - François Daubeuf
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Plate-forme de chimie biologique intégrative de Strasbourg , UMS 3286 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 67412 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Christine Lehalle
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Plate-forme de chimie biologique intégrative de Strasbourg , UMS 3286 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 67412 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Patrick Gizzi
- Plate-forme de chimie biologique intégrative de Strasbourg , UMS 3286 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 67412 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Stéphanie Riché
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Muriel Hachet-Haas
- Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire , Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, UMR 7242 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , Bld Sébastien Brant , 67412 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - François Rohmer
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Vincent Gasparik
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Damien Boeglin
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Jacques Haiech
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Tim Knehans
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Didier Rognan
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Denis Heissler
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Claire Marsol
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Plate-forme de chimie biologique intégrative de Strasbourg , UMS 3286 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 67412 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Pascal Villa
- Plate-forme de chimie biologique intégrative de Strasbourg , UMS 3286 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 67412 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Jean-Luc Galzi
- Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire , Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, UMR 7242 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , Bld Sébastien Brant , 67412 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Marcel Hibert
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Nelly Frossard
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique , Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR7200 CNRS/Université de Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch , France.,Labex MEDALIS , Université de Strasbourg , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Vajen T, Koenen RR, Werner I, Staudt M, Projahn D, Curaj A, Sönmez TT, Simsekyilmaz S, Schumacher D, Möllmann J, Hackeng TM, Hundelshausen PV, Weber C, Liehn EA. Blocking CCL5-CXCL4 heteromerization preserves heart function after myocardial infarction by attenuating leukocyte recruitment and NETosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10647. [PMID: 30006564 PMCID: PMC6045661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death in Western countries and finding new strategies for its prevention and treatment is thus of high priority. In a previous study, we have demonstrated a pathophysiologic relevance for the heterophilic interaction of CCL5 and CXCL4 in the progression of atherosclerosis. A specifically designed compound (MKEY) to block this CCL5-CXCR4 interaction is investigated as a potential therapeutic in a model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) damage. 8 week-old male C57BL/6 mice were intravenously treated with MKEY or scrambled control (sMKEY) from 1 day before, until up to 7 days after I/R. By using echocardiography and intraventricular pressure measurements, MKEY treatment resulted in a significant decrease in infarction size and preserved heart function as compared to sMKEY-treated animals. Moreover, MKEY treatment significantly reduced the inflammatory reaction following I/R, as revealed by specific staining for neutrophils and monocyte/macrophages. Interestingly, MKEY treatment led to a significant reduction of citrullinated histone 3 in the infarcted tissue, showing that MKEY can prevent neutrophil extracellular trap formation in vivo. Disrupting chemokine heterodimers during myocardial I/R might have clinical benefits, preserving the therapeutic benefit of blocking specific chemokines, and in addition, reducing the inflammatory side effects maintaining normal immune defence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Vajen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rory R Koenen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Isabella Werner
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mareike Staudt
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Delia Projahn
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Adelina Curaj
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Tolga Taha Sönmez
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Karlsruhe City Hospital of Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sakine Simsekyilmaz
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - David Schumacher
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Möllmann
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Angiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tilman M Hackeng
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Biochemistry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa A Liehn
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, Angiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Human Genetic Laboratory, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Fernandez DM, Clemente JC, Giannarelli C. Physical Activity, Immune System, and the Microbiome in Cardiovascular Disease. Front Physiol 2018; 9:763. [PMID: 30013482 PMCID: PMC6036301 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular health is a primary research focus, as it is a leading contributor to mortality and morbidity worldwide, and is prohibitively costly for healthcare. Atherosclerosis, the main driver of cardiovascular disease, is now recognized as an inflammatory disorder. Physical activity (PA) may have a more important role in cardiovascular health than previously expected. This review overviews the contribution of PA to cardiovascular health, the inflammatory role of atherosclerosis, and the emerging evidence of the microbiome as a regulator of inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn M. Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jose C. Clemente
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Chiara Giannarelli
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
CXCL4/Platelet Factor 4 is an agonist of CCR1 and drives human monocyte migration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9466. [PMID: 29930254 PMCID: PMC6013489 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27710-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Activated platelets release micromolar concentrations of the chemokine CXCL4/Platelet Factor-4. Deposition of CXCL4 onto the vascular endothelium is involved in atherosclerosis, facilitating monocyte arrest and recruitment by an as yet, unidentified receptor. Here, we demonstrate that CXCL4 drives chemotaxis of the monocytic cell line THP-1. Migration and intracellular calcium responses induced by CXCL4 were pertussis toxin-sensitive, implicating a GPCR in signal transduction. Cell treatment with chondroitinase ABC ablated migration, suggesting that cis presentation of CXCL4 by cell surface glycosaminoglycans to a GPCR is required. Although CXCR3 has been previously described as a CXCL4 receptor, THP-1 cells were unresponsive to CXCR3 ligands and CXCL4-induced migration was insensitive to a CXCR3 antagonist, suggesting that an alternative receptor is involved. Interrogating CC-class chemokine receptor transfectants, we unexpectedly found that CXCL4 could induce the migration of CCR1-expressing cells and also induce CCR1 endocytosis. Extending our findings to primary human monocytes, we observed that CXCL4 induced CCR1 endocytosis and could induce monocyte chemotaxis in a CCR1 antagonist-sensitive manner. Collectively, our data identify CCR1 as a previously elusive monocyte CXCL4 receptor and suggest that CCR1 may play a role in inflammation where the release of CXCL4 is implicated.
Collapse
|
34
|
Tian L, Lu L, Feng J, Melancon MP. Radiopaque nano and polymeric materials for atherosclerosis imaging, embolization and other catheterization procedures. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:360-370. [PMID: 29881675 PMCID: PMC5990339 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A review of radiopaque nano and polymeric materials for atherosclerosis imaging and catheterization procedures is presented in this paper. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the US with atherosclerosis as a significant contributor for mortality and morbidity. In this review paper, we discussed the physics of radiopacity and X-ray/CT, clinically used contrast agents, and the recent progress in the development of radiopaque imaging agents and devices for the diagnosis and treatment of CVDs. We focused on radiopaque imaging agents for atherosclerosis, radiopaque embolic agents and drug eluting beads, and other radiopaque medical devices related to catheterization procedures to treat CVDs. Common strategies of introducing radiopacity in the polymers, together with examples of their applications in imaging and medical devices, are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Linfeng Lu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Marites P Melancon
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
von Hundelshausen P, Agten SM, Eckardt V, Blanchet X, Schmitt MM, Ippel H, Neideck C, Bidzhekov K, Leberzammer J, Wichapong K, Faussner A, Drechsler M, Grommes J, van Geffen JP, Li H, Ortega-Gomez A, Megens RTA, Naumann R, Dijkgraaf I, Nicolaes GAF, Döring Y, Soehnlein O, Lutgens E, Heemskerk JWM, Koenen RR, Mayo KH, Hackeng TM, Weber C. Chemokine interactome mapping enables tailored intervention in acute and chronic inflammation. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:9/384/eaah6650. [PMID: 28381538 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aah6650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines orchestrate leukocyte trafficking and function in health and disease. Heterophilic interactions between chemokines in a given microenvironment may amplify, inhibit, or modulate their activity; however, a systematic evaluation of the chemokine interactome has not been performed. We used immunoligand blotting and surface plasmon resonance to obtain a comprehensive map of chemokine-chemokine interactions and to confirm their specificity. Structure-function analyses revealed that chemokine activity can be enhanced by CC-type heterodimers but inhibited by CXC-type heterodimers. Functional synergism was achieved through receptor heteromerization induced by CCL5-CCL17 or receptor retention at the cell surface via auxiliary proteoglycan binding of CCL5-CXCL4. In contrast, inhibitory activity relied on conformational changes (in CXCL12), affecting receptor signaling. Obligate CC-type heterodimers showed high efficacy and potency and drove acute lung injury and atherosclerosis, processes abrogated by specific CCL5-derived peptide inhibitors or knock-in of an interaction-deficient CXCL4 variant. Atheroprotective effects of CCL17 deficiency were phenocopied by a CCL5-derived peptide disrupting CCL5-CCL17 heterodimers, whereas a CCL5 α-helix peptide mimicked inhibitory effects on CXCL12-driven platelet aggregation. Thus, formation of specific chemokine heterodimers differentially dictates functional activity and can be exploited for therapeutic targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Stijn M Agten
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Veit Eckardt
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Xavier Blanchet
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin M Schmitt
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Ippel
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Carlos Neideck
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kiril Bidzhekov
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Leberzammer
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kanin Wichapong
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Alexander Faussner
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Maik Drechsler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Grommes
- Department of Vascular Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Johanna P van Geffen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - He Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Almudena Ortega-Gomez
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Remco T A Megens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ronald Naumann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ingrid Dijkgraaf
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Gerry A F Nicolaes
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Döring
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinksa Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Rory R Koenen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tilman M Hackeng
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Schulz C, Sibbing D. Platelet CCL5 links acute coronary syndrome and vascular inflammation. Thromb Haemost 2017; 112:1079. [DOI: 10.1160/th14-11-0910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
37
|
da Silva R, Fraga-Silva R, Steffens S, Fabre M, Bauer I, Caffa I, Magnone M, Sociali G, Quercioli A, Pelli G, Lenglet S, Galan K, Burger F, Calvo SV, Bertolotto M, Bruzzone S, Ballestrero A, Patrone F, Dallegri F, Santos R, Stergiopulos N, Mach F, Vuilleumier N, Montecucco F, Nencioni A. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase inhibition reduces intraplaque CXCL1 production and associated neutrophil infiltration in atherosclerotic mice. Thromb Haemost 2017; 111:308-22. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-07-0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryPharmacological treatments targeting CXC chemokines and the associated neutrophil activation and recruitment into atherosclerotic plaques hold promise for treating cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, we investigated whether FK866, a nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties that we recently found to reduce neutrophil recruitment into the ischaemic myocardium, would exert beneficial effects in a mouse atherosclerosis model. Atherosclerotic plaque formation was induced by carotid cast implantation in ApoE-/- mice that were fed with a Western-type diet. FK866 or vehicle were administrated intraperitoneally from week 8 until week 11 of the diet. Treatment with FK866 reduced neutrophil infiltration and MMP-9 content and increased collagen levels in atherosclerotic plaques compared to vehicle. No effect on other histological parameters, including intraplaque lipids or macrophages, was observed. These findings were associated with a reduction in both systemic and intraplaque CXCL1 levels in FK866-treated mice. In vitro, FK866 did not affect MMP-9 release by neutrophils, but it strongly reduced CXCL1 production by endothelial cells which, in the in vivo model, were identified as a main CXCL1 source at the plaque level. CXCL1 synthesis inhibition by FK866 appears to reflect interference with nuclear factor-κB signalling as shown by reduced p65 nuclear levels in endothelial cells pre-treated with FK866. In conclusion, pharmacological inhibition of NAMPT activity mitigates inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques by reducing CXCL1-mediated activities on neutrophils. These results support further assessments of NAMPT inhibitors for the potential prevention of plaque vulnerability.
Collapse
|
38
|
Bentzon JF, Daemen M, Falk E, Garcia-Garcia HM, Herrmann J, Hoefer I, Jukema JW, Krams R, Kwak BR, Marx N, Naruszewicz M, Newby A, Pasterkamp G, Serruys PWJC, Waltenberger J, Weber C, Tokgözoglu L, Ylä-Herttuala S. Stabilisation of atherosclerotic plaques. Thromb Haemost 2017; 106:1-19. [DOI: 10.1160/th10-12-0784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
SummaryPlaque rupture and subsequent thrombotic occlusion of the coronary artery account for as many as three quarters of myocardial infarctions. The concept of plaque stabilisation emerged about 20 years ago to explain the discrepancy between the reduction of cardiovascular events in patients receiving lipid lowering therapy and the small decrease seen in angiographic evaluation of atherosclerosis. Since then, the concept of a vulnerable plaque has received a lot of attention in basic and clinical research leading to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of the vulnerable plaque and acute coronary syndromes. From pathological and clinical observations, plaques that have recently ruptured have thin fibrous caps, large lipid cores, exhibit outward remodelling and invasion by vasa vasorum. Ruptured plaques are also focally inflamed and this may be a common denominator of the other pathological features. Plaques with similar characteristics, but which have not yet ruptured, are believed to be vulnerable to rupture. Experimental studies strongly support the validity of anti-inflammatory approaches to promote plaque stability. Unfortunately, reliable non-invasive methods for imaging and detection of such plaques are not yet readily available. There is a strong biological basis and supportive clinical evidence that low-density lipoprotein lowering with statins is useful for the stabilisation of vulnerable plaques. There is also some clinical evidence for the usefulness of antiplatelet agents, beta blockers and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors for plaque stabilisation. Determining the causes of plaque rupture and designing diagnostics and interventions to prevent them are urgent priorities for current basic and clinical research in cardiovascular area.
Collapse
|
39
|
Nagenborg J, Goossens P, Biessen EAL, Donners MMPC. Heterogeneity of atherosclerotic plaque macrophage origin, phenotype and functions: Implications for treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 816:14-24. [PMID: 28989084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are key players in atherosclerotic lesions, regulating the local inflammatory milieu and plaque stability by the secretion of many inflammatory molecules, growth factors and cytokines. Monocytes have long been considered to be the main source of plaque macrophages. However, recent findings provide evidence for proliferation of local macrophages or transdifferentiation from other vascular cells as alternative sources. Recent years of research focused on the further identification and characterisation of macrophage phenotypes and functions. In this review we describe the advances in our understanding of monocyte and macrophage heterogeneity and its implications for specific therapeutic interventions, aiming to reduce the ever growing significant risk of cardiovascular events without any detrimental side effects on the patient's immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Nagenborg
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter Goossens
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Erik A L Biessen
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjo M P C Donners
- Department of Pathology, CARIM, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Miller MC, Mayo KH. Chemokines from a Structural Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102088. [PMID: 28974038 PMCID: PMC5666770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a family of small, highly conserved cytokines that mediate various biological processes, including chemotaxis, hematopoiesis, and angiogenesis, and that function by interacting with cell surface G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs). Because of their significant involvement in various biological functions and pathologies, chemokines and their receptors have been the focus of therapeutic discovery for clinical intervention. There are several sub-families of chemokines (e.g., CXC, CC, C, and CX3C) defined by the positions of sequentially conserved cysteine residues. Even though all chemokines also have a highly conserved, three-stranded β-sheet/α-helix tertiary structural fold, their quarternary structures vary significantly with their sub-family. Moreover, their conserved tertiary structures allow for subunit swapping within and between sub-family members, thus promoting the concept of a “chemokine interactome”. This review is focused on structural aspects of CXC and CC chemokines, their functional synergy and ability to form heterodimers within the chemokine interactome, and some recent developments in structure-based chemokine-targeted drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ahmed M, Basheer HA, Ayuso JM, Ahmet D, Mazzini M, Patel R, Shnyder SD, Vinader V, Afarinkia K. Agarose Spot as a Comparative Method for in situ Analysis of Simultaneous Chemotactic Responses to Multiple Chemokines. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1075. [PMID: 28432337 PMCID: PMC5430824 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a novel protocol to quantitatively and simultaneously compare the chemotactic responses of cells towards different chemokines. In this protocol, droplets of agarose gel containing different chemokines are applied onto the surface of a Petri dish, and then immersed under culture medium in which cells are suspended. As chemokine molecules diffuse away from the spot, a transient chemoattractant gradient is established across the spots. Cells expressing the corresponding cognate chemokine receptors migrate against this gradient by crawling under the agarose spots towards their centre. We show that this migration is chemokine-specific; meaning that only cells that express the cognate chemokine cell surface receptor, migrate under the spot containing its corresponding chemokine ligand. Furthermore, we show that migration under the agarose spot can be modulated by selective small molecule antagonists present in the cell culture medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohaned Ahmed
- The Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Haneen A Basheer
- The Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Jose M Ayuso
- Group of Structural Mechanics and Material Modelling, Universidad Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wisconsin Institutes for Medical Research, and The University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center Madison, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Djevdet Ahmet
- The Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Mazzini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Universitá Degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Roshan Patel
- The Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Steven D Shnyder
- The Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria Vinader
- The Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Kamyar Afarinkia
- The Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Okon I, Ding Y, Zou MH. Ablation of Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 Promotes the Stability of Atherosclerotic Plaques. Hypertension 2017; 69:407-408. [PMID: 28115512 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.08486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imoh Okon
- From the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ye Ding
- From the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ming-Hui Zou
- From the Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ghousifam N, Mortazavian H, Bhowmick R, Vasquez Y, Blum FD, Gappa-Fahlenkamp H. A three-dimensional in vitro model to demonstrate the haptotactic effect of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 on atherosclerosis-associated monocyte migration. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 97:141-147. [PMID: 28041913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte transendothelial migration is a multi-step process critical for the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is overexpressed during atheroma and its concentration gradients in the extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for the transendothelial recruitment of monocytes. Based on prior observations, we hypothesize that both free and bound gradients of MCP-1 within the ECM are involved in directing monocyte migration. The interaction between a three-dimensional (3D), cell-free, collagen matrix and MCP-1; and its effect on monocyte migration was measured in this study. Our results showed such an interaction existed between MCP-1 and collagen, as 26% of the total MCP-1 added to the collagen matrix was bound to the matrix after extensive washes. We also characterized the collagen-MCP-1 interaction using biophysical techniques. The treatment of the collagen matrix with MCP-1 lead to increased monocyte migration, and this phenotype was abrogated by treating the matrix with an anti-MCP-1 antibody. Thus, our results indicate a binding interaction between MCP-1 and the collagen matrix, which could elicit a haptotactic effect on monocyte migration. A better understanding of such mechanisms controlling monocyte migration will help identify target cytokines and lead to the development of better anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neda Ghousifam
- School of Chemical Engineering at Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Hamid Mortazavian
- Department of Chemistry at Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Rudra Bhowmick
- School of Chemical Engineering at Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Yolanda Vasquez
- Department of Chemistry at Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Frank D Blum
- Department of Chemistry at Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Agten SM, Koenen RR, Ippel H, Eckardt V, von Hundelshausen P, Mayo KH, Weber C, Hackeng TM. Probing Functional Heteromeric Chemokine Protein-Protein Interactions through Conformation-Assisted Oxime Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stijn M. Agten
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Maastricht; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM); Universiteitssingel 50 6229 ER Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Rory R. Koenen
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Maastricht; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM); Universiteitssingel 50 6229 ER Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Hans Ippel
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Maastricht; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM); Universiteitssingel 50 6229 ER Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Veit Eckardt
- Institut für Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München; Pettenkoferstraße 8a und 9 80336 München Germany
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institut für Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München; Pettenkoferstraße 8a und 9 80336 München Germany
| | - Kevin H. Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry; Molecular Biology, and Biophysics; University of Minnesota; 7-142 MCB; 420 Washington Ave SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Christian Weber
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Maastricht; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM); Universiteitssingel 50 6229 ER Maastricht The Netherlands
- Institut für Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München; Pettenkoferstraße 8a und 9 80336 München Germany
| | - Tilman M. Hackeng
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Maastricht; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM); Universiteitssingel 50 6229 ER Maastricht The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Agten SM, Koenen RR, Ippel H, Eckardt V, von Hundelshausen P, Mayo KH, Weber C, Hackeng TM. Probing Functional Heteromeric Chemokine Protein-Protein Interactions through Conformation-Assisted Oxime Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:14963-14966. [PMID: 27785869 PMCID: PMC5132021 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) govern most processes in living cells. Current drug development strategies are aimed at disrupting or stabilizing PPIs, which require a thorough understanding of PPI mechanisms. Examples of such PPIs are heteromeric chemokine interactions that are potentially involved in pathological disorders such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and HIV. It remains unclear whether this functional modulation is mediated by heterodimer formation or by the additive effects of mixed chemokines on their respective receptors. To address this issue, we report the synthesis of a covalent RANTES‐PF4 heterodimer (termed OPRAH) by total chemical synthesis and oxime ligation, with an acceleration of the final ligation step driven by PPIs between RANTES and PF4. Compared to mixed separate chemokines, OPRAH exhibited increased biological activity, thus providing evidence that physical formation of the heterodimer indeed mediates enhanced function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stijn M Agten
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rory R Koenen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Ippel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Veit Eckardt
- Institut für Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Pettenkoferstraße 8a und 9, 80336, München, Germany
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- Institut für Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Pettenkoferstraße 8a und 9, 80336, München, Germany
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, 7-142 MCB, 420 Washington Ave SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Christian Weber
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Institut für Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Pettenkoferstraße 8a und 9, 80336, München, Germany
| | - Tilman M Hackeng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chen L, Yao H, Hui JY, Ding SH, Fan YL, Pan YH, Chen KH, Wan JQ, Jiang JY. Global transcriptomic study of atherosclerosis development in rats. Gene 2016; 592:43-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
47
|
Çimen I, Kocatürk B, Koyuncu S, Tufanlı Ö, Onat UI, Yıldırım AD, Apaydın O, Demirsoy Ş, Aykut ZG, Nguyen UT, Watkins SM, Hotamışlıgil GS, Erbay E. Prevention of atherosclerosis by bioactive palmitoleate through suppression of organelle stress and inflammasome activation. Sci Transl Med 2016; 8:358ra126. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf9087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
48
|
Bi X, Song J, Gao J, Zhao J, Wang M, Scipione CA, Koschinsky ML, Wang ZV, Xu S, Fu G. Activation of liver X receptor attenuates lysophosphatidylcholine-induced IL-8 expression in endothelial cells via the NF-κB pathway and SUMOylation. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:2249-2258. [PMID: 27489081 PMCID: PMC5134410 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver X receptor (LXR) is a cholesterol‐sensing nuclear receptor that has an established function in lipid metabolism; however, its role in inflammation is elusive. In this study, we showed that the LXR agonist GW3965 exhibited potent anti‐inflammatory activity by suppressing the firm adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells. To further address the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of inflammatory cell infiltration, we evaluated the effects of LXR agonist on interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) secretion and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) activation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The LXR agonist significantly inhibited lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)‐induced IL‐8 production in a dose‐dependent manner without appreciable cytotoxicity. Western blotting and the NF‐κB transcription activity assay showed that the LXR agonist inhibited p65 binding to the IL‐8 promoter in LPC‐stimulated HUVECs. Interestingly, knockdown of the indispensable small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO) ligases Ubc9 and Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) reversed the increase in IL‐8 induced by LPC. Furthermore, the LPC‐induced degradation of inhibitory κBα was delayed under the conditions of deficient SUMOylation or the treatment of LXR agonist. After enhancing SUMOylation by knockdown SUMO‐specific protease Sentrin‐specific protease 1 (SENP1), the inhibition of GW3965 was rescued on LPC‐mediated IL‐8 expression. These findings indicate that LXR‐mediated inflammatory gene repression correlates to the suppression of NF‐κB pathway and SUMOylation. Our results suggest that LXR agonist exerts the anti‐atherosclerotic role by attenuation of the NF‐κB pathway in endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xukun Bi
- Department of Cardiology, Biomedical Research (Therapy) Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiale Song
- Department of Cardiology, Biomedical Research (Therapy) Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Biomedical Research (Therapy) Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meihui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Biomedical Research (Therapy) Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Corey A Scipione
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Marlys L Koschinsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Zhao V Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shiming Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Biomedical Research (Therapy) Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Sinclair A, Park L, Shah M, Drotar M, Calaminus S, Hopcroft LEM, Kinstrie R, Guitart AV, Dunn K, Abraham SA, Sansom O, Michie AM, Machesky L, Kranc KR, Graham GJ, Pellicano F, Holyoake TL. CXCR2 and CXCL4 regulate survival and self-renewal of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Blood 2016; 128:371-83. [PMID: 27222476 PMCID: PMC4991087 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-08-661785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) survival and self-renewal within the bone marrow (BM) niche is not well understood. We therefore investigated global transcriptomic profiling of normal human HSC/hematopoietic progenitor cells [HPCs], revealing that several chemokine ligands (CXCL1-4, CXCL6, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL13) were upregulated in human quiescent CD34(+)Hoescht(-)Pyronin Y(-) and primitive CD34(+)38(-), as compared with proliferating CD34(+)Hoechst(+)Pyronin Y(+) and CD34(+)38(+) stem/progenitor cells. This suggested that chemokines might play an important role in the homeostasis of HSCs. In human CD34(+) hematopoietic cells, knockdown of CXCL4 or pharmacologic inhibition of the chemokine receptor CXCR2, significantly decreased cell viability and colony forming cell (CFC) potential. Studies on Cxcr2(-/-) mice demonstrated enhanced BM and spleen cellularity, with significantly increased numbers of HSCs, hematopoietic progenitor cell-1 (HPC-1), HPC-2, and Lin(-)Sca-1(+)c-Kit(+) subpopulations. Cxcr2(-/-) stem/progenitor cells showed reduced self-renewal capacity as measured in serial transplantation assays. Parallel studies on Cxcl4 demonstrated reduced numbers of CFC in primary and secondary assays following knockdown in murine c-Kit(+) cells, and Cxcl4(-/-) mice showed a decrease in HSC and reduced self-renewal capacity after secondary transplantation. These data demonstrate that the CXCR2 network and CXCL4 play a role in the maintenance of normal HSC/HPC cell fates, including survival and self-renewal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Sinclair
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Park
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mansi Shah
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Drotar
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Calaminus
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa E M Hopcroft
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Kinstrie
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Amelie V Guitart
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Dunn
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sheela A Abraham
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Owen Sansom
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom; and
| | - Alison M Michie
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Machesky
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom; and
| | - Kamil R Kranc
- Medical Research Council Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard J Graham
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca Pellicano
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Tessa L Holyoake
- Paul O'Gorman Leukaemia Research Centre, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Cytokines: roles in atherosclerosis disease progression and potential therapeutic targets. Future Med Chem 2016; 8:1317-30. [PMID: 27357616 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2016-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the primary cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), is a chronic inflammatory disorder in the walls of medium and large arteries. CVD is currently responsible for about one in three global deaths and this is expected to rise in the future due to an increase in the prevalence of obesity and diabetes. Current therapies for atherosclerosis mainly modulate lipid homeostasis and while successful at reducing the risk of a CVD-related death, they are associated with considerable residual risk and various side effects. There is, therefore, a need for alternative therapies aimed at regulating inflammation in order to reduce atherogenesis. This review will highlight the key role cytokines play during disease progression as well as potential therapeutic strategies to target them.
Collapse
|