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Xie M, Ye L, Chen K, Xu Q, Yang C, Chen X, Chan EWC, Li F, Chen S. Clinical use of tigecycline may contribute to the widespread dissemination of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2306957. [PMID: 38240375 PMCID: PMC10829843 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2306957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) poses grave threats to human health. These strains increased dramatically in clinical settings in China in the past few years but not in other parts of the world. Four isogenic K. pneumoniae strains, including classical K. pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP), hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKP) and CR-hvKP, were created and subjected to phenotypic characterization, competition assays, mouse sepsis model and rat colonization tests to investigate the mechanisms underlying the widespread nature of CR-hvKP in China. Acquisition of virulence plasmid led to reduced fitness and abolishment of colonization in the gastrointestinal tract, which may explain why hvKP is not clinically prevalent after its emergence for a long time. However, tigecycline treatment facilitated the colonization of hvKP and CR-hvKP and reduced the population of Lactobacillus spp. in animal gut microbiome. Feeding with Lactobacillus spp. could significantly reduce the colonization of hvKP and CR-hvKP in the animal gastrointestinal tract. Our data implied that the clinical use of tigecycline to treat carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae infections facilitated the high spread of CR-hvKP in clinical settings in China and demonstrated that Lactobacillus spp. was a potential candidate for anticolonization strategy against CR-hvKP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lianwei Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Kaichao Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xiangnan Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Edward Wai-Chi Chan
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Fuyong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Ma HR, Xu HZ, Kim K, Anderson DJ, You L. Private benefit of β-lactamase dictates selection dynamics of combination antibiotic treatment. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8337. [PMID: 39333122 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52711-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
β-lactam antibiotics have been prescribed for most bacterial infections since their discovery. However, resistance to β-lactams, mediated by β-lactamase (Bla) enzymes such as extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), has become widespread. Bla inhibitors can restore the efficacy of β-lactams against resistant bacteria, an approach which preserves existing antibiotics despite declining industry investment. However, the effects of combination treatment on selection for β-lactam resistance are not well understood. Bla production confers both private benefits for resistant cells and public benefits which faster-growing sensitive cells can also exploit. These benefits may be differentially impacted by Bla inhibitors, leading to non-intuitive selection dynamics. In this study, we demonstrate strain-to-strain variation in effective combination doses, with complex growth dynamics in mixed populations. Using modeling, we derive a criterion for the selection outcome of combination treatment, dependent on the burden and effective private benefit of Bla production. We then use engineered strains and natural isolates to show that strong private benefits of Bla are associated with increased selection for resistance. Finally, we demonstrate that this parameter can be coarsely estimated using high-throughput phenotyping of clonal populations. Our analysis shows that quantifying the phenotypic responses of bacteria to combination treatment can facilitate resistance-minimizing optimization of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena R Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Quantitative Biodesign, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Helen Z Xu
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kyeri Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Quantitative Biodesign, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Deverick J Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Center for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Lingchong You
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Center for Quantitative Biodesign, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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3
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Rong L, Wu L, Zong L, Wang W, Xiao Y, Yang C, Pan H, Zou X. Evolution of the Black solider fly larvae gut antibiotic resistome during kitchen waste disposal. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 480:135878. [PMID: 39321479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Kitchen waste (KW) is an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Black solider fly larvae (BSFL) are extensively employed in KW disposal, closely linking to their robust gut microbes. However, antibiotic resistome in BSFL gut during the KW disposal processes and the mechanism remain unclear. In the present study, the antibiotic resistome in BSFL gut within the 12 days KW disposal processes were investigated. Results showed that, ARGs abundance initially increased and subsequently decreased, the five most prevalent core ARG classes were tetracycline, aminoglycoside, cephalosporin, lincosamide and multidrug. A total of 7 MGE types were observed and the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of ARGs was predominantly mediated by plasmids. Host microbes were mainly categorized into Proteobacteria (98.12 %) and their assemblies were mainly classified into the deterministic processes. To elucidate the driving mechanisms, the mantel test and the structural equation model (SEM) were developed. Results indicated that microbial functions (0.912, p < 0.0001) and microbial community (1.014, p = 0.036), consistently showed very significant relationships with the patterns of ARGs, which presented higher direct effects than indirect effects. Overall, this study makes an initial contribution to a more deepgoing comprehension of the gut antibiotic resistome of BSFL during KW disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Rong
- School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Ligui Wu
- School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Lihui Zong
- School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China
| | - Hongcheng Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Xiaoming Zou
- School of Life Science, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China.
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da Silva AM, Murillo DM, Anbumani S, von Zuben AA, Cavalli A, Obata HT, Fischer ER, de Souza E Silva M, Bakkers E, Souza AA, Carvalho HF, Cotta MA. N-Acetylcysteine effects on extracellular polymeric substances of Xylella fastidiosa: A spatiotemporal investigation with implications for biofilm disruption. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024:107340. [PMID: 39299599 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
The matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) present in biofilms greatly amplifies the problem of bacterial infections, protecting bacteria against antimicrobial treatments and eventually leading to bacterial resistance. The need for alternative treatments that destroy the EPS matrix becomes evident. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is one option that presents diverse effects against bacteria; however, the different mechanisms of action of NAC in biofilms have yet to be elucidated. In this work, we performed microscopy studies at micro and nano scales to address the effects of NAC at single cell level and early-stage biofilms of the Xylella fastidiosa phytopathogen. We show the physical effects of NAC on the adhesion surface and the different types of EPS, as well as the mechanical response of individual bacteria to NAC concentrations between 2 and 20 mg/mL. NAC modified the conditioning film on the substrate, broke down the soluble EPS, resulting in the release of adherent bacteria, decreased the volume of loosely bound EPS, and disrupted the biofilm matrix. Tightly bound EPS suffered structural alterations despite no solid evidence of its removal. In addition, bacterial force measurements upon NAC action performed with InP nanowire arrays showed an enhanced momentum transfer to the nanowires due to increased cell mobility resulting from EPS removal. Our results clearly show that conditioning film and soluble EPS play a key role in cell adhesion control and that NAC alters EPS structure, providing solid evidence that NAC actuates mainly on EPS removal, both at single cell and biofilm levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldeliane M da Silva
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, University of Campinas, 13083-859, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Duber M Murillo
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, University of Campinas, 13083-859, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silambarasan Anbumani
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, University of Campinas, 13083-859, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandro Cavalli
- Applied Physics Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Helio T Obata
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, University of Campinas, 13083-859, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Regina Fischer
- Citrus Research Center "Sylvio Moreira"/ Agronomic Institute - IAC, 13490-970, Cordeirópolis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Souza E Silva
- Citrus Research Center "Sylvio Moreira"/ Agronomic Institute - IAC, 13490-970, Cordeirópolis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erik Bakkers
- Applied Physics Department, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra A Souza
- Citrus Research Center "Sylvio Moreira"/ Agronomic Institute - IAC, 13490-970, Cordeirópolis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, 13083-864, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mônica A Cotta
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, University of Campinas, 13083-859, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Nava M, Rowe SJ, Taylor RJ, Kahne D, Nocera DG. Determination of Initial Rates of Lipopolysaccharide Transport. Biochemistry 2024. [PMID: 39264328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.4c00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Nonvesicular lipid trafficking pathways are an important process in every domain of life. The mechanisms of these processes are poorly understood in part due to the difficulty in kinetic characterization. One important class of glycolipids, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), are the primary lipidic component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS are synthesized in the inner membrane and then trafficked to the cell surface by the lipopolysaccharide transport proteins, LptB2FGCADE. By characterizing the interaction of a fluorescent probe and LPS, we establish a quantitative assay to monitor the flux of LPS between proteoliposomes on the time scale of seconds. We then incorporate photocaged ATP into this system, which allows for light-based control of the initiation of LPS transport. This control allows us to measure the initial rate of LPS transport (3.0 min-1 per LptDE). We also find that the rate of LPS transport by the Lpt complex is independent of the structure of LPS. In contrast, we find the rate of LPS transport is dependent on the proper function of the LptDE complex. Mutants of the outer membrane Lpt components, LptDE, that cause defective LPS assembly in live cells display attenuated transport rates and slower ATP hydrolysis compared to wild type proteins. Analysis of these mutants reveals that the rates of ATP hydrolysis and LPS transport are correlated such that 1.2 ± 0.2 ATP are hydrolyzed for each LPS transported. This correlation suggests a model where the outer membrane components ensure the coupling of ATP hydrolysis and LPS transport by stabilizing a transport-active state of the Lpt bridge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Nava
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Sebastian J Rowe
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Rebecca J Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Daniel Kahne
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Daniel G Nocera
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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Sundar S, Singh VK, Agrawal N, Singh OP, Kumar R. Investigational new drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39225742 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2024.2400139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past 20 years, significant progress has been made in anti-leishmanial therapy. Three new drugs/formulations are available for the treatment of various forms of leishmaniasis, namely oral miltefosine, paromomycin and liposomal amphotericin B. However, these advances in drug development have added considerable complexity for clinicians including toxicity, emergence of resistance and decreased sensitivity of available drugs. The development of newer drugs with less toxicity and more efficacy is urgently needed. AREAS COVERED This review comprehensively examines the latest developments and current status of antileishmanial drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis across the world. Several new investigational drugs that showed anti-leishmanial activity under in vitro or in vivo conditions and either underwent the phase-I/II clinical trials or are on the verge of entering the trials were reviewed. We also delve into the challenges of drug resistance and discuss the emergence of new and effective antileishmanial compounds. EXPERT OPINION The available treatments for leishmaniasis are limited in number, toxic, expensive, and demand extensive healthcare resources. Every available antileishmanial drug is associated with several disadvantages, such as drug resistance and toxicity or high cost. Miltefosine is potentially teratogenic. New antileishmanial drugs/treatment modalities are sorely needed for expanding future treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Sundar
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vishal Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Neha Agrawal
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Om Prakash Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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7
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Schmidlin K, Apodaca S, Newell D, Sastokas A, Kinsler G, Geiler-Samerotte K. Distinguishing mutants that resist drugs via different mechanisms by examining fitness tradeoffs. eLife 2024; 13:RP94144. [PMID: 39255191 PMCID: PMC11386965 DOI: 10.7554/elife.94144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in designing multidrug therapies that leverage tradeoffs to combat resistance. Tradeoffs are common in evolution and occur when, for example, resistance to one drug results in sensitivity to another. Major questions remain about the extent to which tradeoffs are reliable, specifically, whether the mutants that provide resistance to a given drug all suffer similar tradeoffs. This question is difficult because the drug-resistant mutants observed in the clinic, and even those evolved in controlled laboratory settings, are often biased towards those that provide large fitness benefits. Thus, the mutations (and mechanisms) that provide drug resistance may be more diverse than current data suggests. Here, we perform evolution experiments utilizing lineage-tracking to capture a fuller spectrum of mutations that give yeast cells a fitness advantage in fluconazole, a common antifungal drug. We then quantify fitness tradeoffs for each of 774 evolved mutants across 12 environments, finding these mutants group into classes with characteristically different tradeoffs. Their unique tradeoffs may imply that each group of mutants affects fitness through different underlying mechanisms. Some of the groupings we find are surprising. For example, we find some mutants that resist single drugs do not resist their combination, while others do. And some mutants to the same gene have different tradeoffs than others. These findings, on one hand, demonstrate the difficulty in relying on consistent or intuitive tradeoffs when designing multidrug treatments. On the other hand, by demonstrating that hundreds of adaptive mutations can be reduced to a few groups with characteristic tradeoffs, our findings may yet empower multidrug strategies that leverage tradeoffs to combat resistance. More generally speaking, by grouping mutants that likely affect fitness through similar underlying mechanisms, our work guides efforts to map the phenotypic effects of mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara Schmidlin
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
| | - Sam Apodaca
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
| | - Daphne Newell
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
| | - Alexander Sastokas
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
| | - Grant Kinsler
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Kerry Geiler-Samerotte
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
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Mourkas E, Valdebenito JO, Marsh H, Hitchings MD, Cooper KK, Parker CT, Székely T, Johansson H, Ellström P, Pascoe B, Waldenström J, Sheppard SK. Proximity to humans is associated with antimicrobial-resistant enteric pathogens in wild bird microbiomes. Curr Biol 2024; 34:3955-3965.e4. [PMID: 39142288 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Humans are radically altering global ecology, and one of the most apparent human-induced effects is urbanization, where high-density human habitats disrupt long-established ecotones. Changes to these transitional areas between organisms, especially enhanced contact among humans and wild animals, provide new opportunities for the spread of zoonotic pathogens. This poses a serious threat to global public health, but little is known about how habitat disruption impacts cross-species pathogen spread. Here, we investigated variation in the zoonotic enteric pathogen Campylobacter jejuni. The ubiquity of C. jejuni in wild bird gut microbiomes makes it an ideal organism for understanding how host behavior and ecology influence pathogen transition and spread. We analyzed 700 C. jejuni isolate genomes from 30 bird species in eight countries using a scalable generalized linear model approach. Comparing multiple behavioral and ecological traits showed that proximity to human habitation promotes lineage diversity and is associated with antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) strains in natural populations. Specifically, wild birds from urban areas harbored up to three times more C. jejuni genotypes and AMR genes. This study provides novel methodology and much-needed quantitative evidence linking urbanization to gene pool spread and zoonoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Mourkas
- Ineos Oxford Institute, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK; Zoonosis Science Centre, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - José O Valdebenito
- Bird Ecology Lab, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Independencia 631, 5110566 Valdivia, Chile; Centro de Humedales Río Cruces (CEHUM), Universidad Austral de Chile, Camino Cabo Blanco Alto s/n, 5090000 Valdivia, Chile; HUN-REN-DE Reproductive Strategies Research Group, Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Instituto Milenio Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Antárticos y Subantárticos (BASE), Las Palmeras 3425, 8320000 Santiago, Chile
| | - Hannah Marsh
- Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Matthew D Hitchings
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, SA2 8PP Swansea, Wales
| | - Kerry K Cooper
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1117 E. Lowell St., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Craig T Parker
- Produce Safety and Microbiology Unit, Western Region Research Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Tamás Székely
- HUN-REN-DE Reproductive Strategies Research Group, Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Håkan Johansson
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Stuvaregatan 2, 392 31 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Patrik Ellström
- Zoonosis Science Centre, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ben Pascoe
- Ineos Oxford Institute, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Jonas Waldenström
- Centre for Ecology and Evolution in Microbial Model Systems, Linnaeus University, Stuvaregatan 2, 392 31 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Samuel K Sheppard
- Ineos Oxford Institute, Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK.
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Chandra Deb L, Timsina A, Lenhart S, Foster D, Lanzas C. Quantifying trade-offs between therapeutic efficacy and resistance dissemination for enrofloxacin dose regimens in cattle. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20598. [PMID: 39232037 PMCID: PMC11374901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of antimicrobial drugs in food-producing animals contributes to the selection pressure on pathogenic and commensal bacteria to become resistant. This study aims to evaluate the existence of trade-offs between treatment effectiveness, cost, and the dynamics of resistance in gut commensal bacteria. We developed a within-host ordinary differential equation model to track the dynamics of antimicrobial drug concentrations and bacterial populations in the site of infection (lung) and the gut. The model was parameterized to represent enrofloxacin treatment for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) caused by Pastereulla multocida in cattle. Three approved enrofloxacin dosing regimens were compared for their effects on resistance on P. multocida and commensal E. coli: 12.5 mg/kg and 7.5 mg/kg as a single dose, and 5 mg/kg as three doses. Additionally, we explored non-FDA-approved regimes. Our results indicated that both 12.5 mg/kg and 7.5 mg/kg as a single dose scenario increased the most the treatment costs and prevalence of P. multocida resistance in the lungs, while 5 mg/kg as three doses increased resistance in commensal E. coli bacteria in the gut the most out of the approved scenarios. A proposed non-FDA-approved scenario (7.5 mg/kg, two doses 24 h apart) showed low economic costs, minimal P. multocida, and moderate effects on resistant E. coli. Overall, the scenarios that decrease P. multocida, including resistant P. multocida did not coincide with those that decrease resistant E. coli the most, suggesting a trade-off between both outcomes. The sensitivity analysis suggests that bacterial populations were the most sensitive to drug conversion factors into plasma ( β ), elimination of the drug from the colon ( ϑ ), fifty percent sensitive bacteria (P. multocida) killing effect ( L s50 ), fifty percent of bacteria (E. coli) above ECOFF killing effect ( C r50 ), and net drug transfer rate in the lung ( γ ) parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liton Chandra Deb
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
| | - Archana Timsina
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Suzanne Lenhart
- Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Derek Foster
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Cristina Lanzas
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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10
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Glen KA, Lamont IL. Penicillin-binding protein 3 sequence variations reduce susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to β-lactams but inhibit cell division. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024; 79:2170-2178. [PMID: 39001778 PMCID: PMC11368433 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-lactam antibiotics, which inhibit penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3) that is required for cell division, play a key role in treating P. aeruginosa infections. Some sequence variations in PBP3 have been associated with β-lactam resistance but the effects of variations on antibiotic susceptibility and on cell division have not been quantified. Antibiotic efflux can also reduce susceptibility. OBJECTIVES To quantify the effects of PBP3 variations on β-lactam susceptibility and cell morphology in P. aeruginosa. METHODS Nineteen PBP3 variants were expressed from a plasmid in the reference strain P. aeruginosa PAO1 and genome engineering was used to construct five mutants expressing PBP3 variants from the chromosome. The effects of the variations on β-lactam minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and cell morphology were measured. RESULTS Some PBP3 variations reduced susceptibility to a variety of β-lactam antibiotics including meropenem, ceftazidime, cefepime and ticarcillin with different variations affecting different antibiotics. None of the tested variations reduced susceptibility to imipenem or piperacillin. Antibiotic susceptibility was further reduced when PBP3 variants were expressed in mutant bacteria overexpressing the MexAB-OprM efflux pump, with some variations conferring clinical levels of resistance. Some PBP3 variations, and sub-MIC levels of β-lactams, reduced bacterial growth rates and inhibited cell division, causing elongated cells. CONCLUSIONS PBP3 variations in P. aeruginosa can increase the MIC of multiple β-lactam antibiotics, although not imipenem or piperacillin. PBP3 variations, or the presence of sub-lethal levels of β-lactams, result in elongated cells indicating that variations reduce the activity of PBP3 and may reduce bacterial fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl A Glen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Iain L Lamont
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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11
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Park J, Lee D, Yi H, Yun CW, Kim HS. Bacterial persistence to antibiotics activated by tRNA mutations. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024:dkae307. [PMID: 39225038 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bacterial persistence is a significant cause of the intractability of chronic and relapsing infections. Despite its importance, many of the underlying mechanisms are still not well understood. METHODS Antibiotic-tolerant mutants of Burkholderia thailandensis were isolated through exposure to lethal doses of AMP or MEM, followed by whole-genome sequencing to identify mutations. Subsequently, these mutants underwent comprehensive characterization via killing curves, growth curves, and persistence-fraction plots. Northern blot analysis was employed to detect uncharged tRNA, while the generation of relA and spoT null mutations served to confirm the involvement of the stringent response in this persistence mechanism. Phenotypic reversion of the persistence mutation was demonstrated by incubating the mutants without antibiotics for 2 weeks. RESULTS We have discovered a novel mechanism of persistence triggered by specific mutations at positions 32 or 38 within the anticodon loop of tRNAAsp. This leads to heightened persistence through a RelA-dependent stringent response. Notably, this persistence can be easily reverted to wild-type physiology by losing the mutant tRNA allele within the tRNA gene cluster when persistence is no longer essential for survival. CONCLUSIONS This distinct form of persistence underscores the novel function of tRNA mutations at positions 32 or 38 within the anticodon loop, as well as the significance of the tRNA gene cluster in conferring adaptability to regulate persistence for enhanced survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongwook Park
- Division of Biosystems & Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dongju Lee
- Division of Biosystems & Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyojeong Yi
- Division of Biosystems & Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol-Won Yun
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Heenam Stanley Kim
- Division of Biosystems & Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Qian Y, Wang J, Geng X, Jia B, Wang L, Li YQ, Geng B, Huang W. Graphene Quantum Dots Nanoantibiotic-Sensitized TiO 2- x Heterojunctions for Sonodynamic-Nanocatalytic Therapy of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Infections. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400659. [PMID: 38700840 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) as a possible replacement for antibiotics by creating reactive oxygen species (ROS) is suggested as a non-drug-resistant theranostic method. However, the low-efficiency ROS generation and complex tumor microenvironment which can deplete ROS and promote tumor growth will cause the compromised antibacterial efficacy of SDT. Herein, through an oxygen vacancy engineering strategy, TiO2- x microspheres with an abundance of Ti3+ are synthesized using a straightforward reductant co-assembly approach. The narrow bandgaps and Ti3+/Ti4+-mediated multiple-enzyme catalytic activities of the obtained TiO2- x microspheres make them suitable for use as sonosensitizers and nanozymes. When graphene quantum dot (GQD) nanoantibiotics are deposited on TiO2- x microspheres, the resulting GQD/TiO2- x shows an increased production of ROS, which can be ascribed to the accelerated separation of electron-hole pairs, as well as the peroxidase-like catalytic activity mediated by Ti3+, and the depletion of glutathione mediated by Ti4+. Moreover, the catalytic activities of TiO2- x microspheres are amplified by the heterojunctions-accelerated carrier transfer. In addition, GQDs can inhibit Topo I, displaying strong antibacterial activity and further enhancing the antibacterial activity. Collectively, the combination of GQD/TiO2- x-mediated SDT/NCT with nanoantibiotics can result in a synergistic effect, allowing for multimodal antibacterial treatment that effectively promotes wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qian
- Endocrinology Department, 960 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, P. R. China
| | - Jingming Wang
- Orthopedic Department, 960 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Geng
- Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science, School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Bingqing Jia
- Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science, School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Orthopedic Department, 960 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Li
- Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science, School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Bijiang Geng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Weimin Huang
- Orthopedic Department, 960 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Jinan, Shandong, 250031, P. R. China
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13
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Lindon S, Shah S, Gifford DR, Lood C, Gomis Font MA, Kaur D, Oliver A, MacLean RC, Wheatley RM. Antibiotic resistance alters the ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to invade bacteria from the respiratory microbiome. Evol Lett 2024; 8:735-747. [PMID: 39328287 PMCID: PMC11424078 DOI: 10.1093/evlett/qrae030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens is a global health threat. One important unanswered question is how antibiotic resistance influences the ability of a pathogen to invade the host-associated microbiome. Here we investigate how antibiotic resistance impacts the ability of a bacterial pathogen to invade bacteria from the microbiome, using the opportunistic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the respiratory microbiome as our model system. We measure the ability of P. aeruginosa spontaneous antibiotic-resistant mutants to invade pre-established cultures of commensal respiratory microbes in an assay that allows us to link specific resistance mutations with changes in invasion ability. While commensal respiratory microbes tend to provide some degree of resistance to P. aeruginosa invasion, antibiotic resistance is a double-edged sword that can either help or hinder the ability of P. aeruginosa to invade. The directionality of this help or hindrance depends on both P. aeruginosa genotype and respiratory microbe identity. Specific resistance mutations in genes involved in multidrug efflux pump regulation are shown to facilitate the invasion of P. aeruginosa into Staphylococcus lugdunensis, yet impair invasion into Rothia mucilaginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Streptococcus species provide the strongest resistance to P. aeruginosa invasion, and this is maintained regardless of antibiotic resistance genotype. Our study demonstrates how the cost of mutations that provide enhanced antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa can crucially depend on community context. We suggest that attempts to manipulate the microbiome should focus on promoting the growth of commensals that can increase the fitness costs associated with antibiotic resistance and provide robust inhibition of both wildtype and antibiotic-resistant pathogen strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Lindon
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Shah
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Danna R Gifford
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Cédric Lood
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maria A Gomis Font
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), CIBERINFEC, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Divjot Kaur
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), CIBERINFEC, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - R Craig MacLean
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel M Wheatley
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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14
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Davin-Regli A, Pagès JM, Vergalli J. The contribution of porins to enterobacterial drug resistance. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024:dkae265. [PMID: 39205648 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In Enterobacteriaceae, susceptibility to cephalosporins and carbapenems is often associated with membrane and enzymatic barrier resistance. For about 20 years, a large number of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae presenting ß-lactam resistance have been isolated from medical clinics. In addition, some of the resistant isolates exhibited alterations in the outer membrane porin OmpC-OmpF orthologues, resulting in the complete absence of gene expression, replacement by another porin or mutations affecting channel properties. Interestingly, for mutations reported in OmpC-OmpF orthologues, major changes in pore function were found to be present in the gene encoding for OmpC. The alterations were located in the constriction region of the porin and the resulting amino acid substitutions were found to induce severe restriction of the lumen diameter and/or alteration of the electrostatic field that governs the diffusion of charged molecules. This functional adaptation through porins maintains the entry of solutes necessary for bacterial growth but critically controls the influx of harmful molecules such as β-lactams at a reduced cost. The data recently published show the importance of understanding the underlying parameters affecting the uptake of antibiotics by infectious bacteria. Furthermore, the development of reliable methods to measure the concentration of antibiotics within bacterial cells is key to combat impermeability-resistance mechanisms.
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15
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Murray AK, Stanton IC, Tipper HJ, Wilkinson H, Schmidt W, Hart A, Singer AC, Gaze WH. A critical meta-analysis of predicted no effect concentrations for antimicrobial resistance selection in the environment. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 266:122310. [PMID: 39217643 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the greatest threats to human health with a growing body of evidence demonstrating that selection for AMR can occur at environmental antimicrobial concentrations. Understanding the concentrations at which selection for resistance may occur is critical to help inform environmental risk assessments and highlight where mitigation strategies are required. A variety of experimental and data approaches have been used to determine these concentrations. However, there is minimal standardisation of existing approaches and no consensus on the relative merits of different methods. We conducted a semi-systematic literature review to collect and critically appraise available minimal selective concentration (MSC) and predicted no effect concentration for resistance (PNECR) data and the approaches used to derive them. There were 21 relevant articles providing 331 selective concentrations, ranging from 0.00087 µg/L (ciprofloxacin) to 2000 µg/L (carbenicillin). Meta-analyses of these data found that selective concentrations are highly compound-dependent, and only a subset of all antimicrobials have been the focus of most of the research. The variety of approaches that have been used, knowledge gaps and future research priorities were identified, as well as recommendations for those considering the selective risks of antimicrobials in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee K Murray
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Environment & Sustainability Institute, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom.
| | - Isobel C Stanton
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - Holly J Tipper
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Wilkinson
- Chief Scientist's Group, Environment Agency, Bristol BS1 5AH, United Kingdom
| | - Wiebke Schmidt
- Chief Scientist's Group, Environment Agency, Bristol BS1 5AH, United Kingdom
| | - Alwyn Hart
- Chief Scientist's Group, Environment Agency, Bristol BS1 5AH, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew C Singer
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford OX10 8BB, United Kingdom
| | - William H Gaze
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Environment & Sustainability Institute, Penryn Campus, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
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16
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Fenollar-Penadés A, Catalá-Gregori P, Tallá-Ferrer V, Castillo MÁ, García-Ferrús M, Jiménez-Belenguer A. Evolution of the Antibiotic Resistance Levels, Multi-Resistance Patterns, and Presence of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in E. coli Isolates from the Feces of Breeding Hens during the Rearing Period. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:753. [PMID: 39200053 PMCID: PMC11350658 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13080753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The food chain acts as an entry point for antibiotic resistance to reach humans and environment. Because of the importance of the poultry sector, we investigated the prevalence and evolution of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from a series of 14,500 breeding hens and their farm environment during the rearing period. Samples included meconium from one-day-old breeders and fecal samples and boot swabs from the breeding sheds of pullets and adult hens. All E. coli isolates from one-day-old chicks, 77% from feces and 61% from boot swabs, were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Cefotaxime and multi-drug resistance in fecal isolates decreased during the rearing period from 41.2% and 80.8% in one-day-old chicks to 3.8% and 33.8% in adults. All genes studied were detected in E. coli from feces and boot swabs, the most common being blaTEM (75%), blaSHV (72%), and qnrB (67%). blaCMY-2 was detected in 100% of one-day-old breeders. The combination of at least one cephalosporin and one quinolone resistance gene was detected in 68.7% of fecal and boot swab isolates. Our results highlight the need to monitor the prevalence of antibiotic resistance on farms and to take appropriate measures to reduce the risk to public and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Fenollar-Penadés
- Centro Avanzado de Microbiología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain; (A.F.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.J.-B.)
| | - Pablo Catalá-Gregori
- Centro de Calidad Avícola y Alimentación Animal de la Comunidad Valenciana (CECAV), CEU Universities, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, 46115 Alfara del Patriarca, Spain;
| | | | - María Ángeles Castillo
- Centro Avanzado de Microbiología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain; (A.F.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.J.-B.)
| | - Miguel García-Ferrús
- Centro Avanzado de Microbiología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain; (A.F.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.J.-B.)
| | - Ana Jiménez-Belenguer
- Centro Avanzado de Microbiología de Alimentos, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 València, Spain; (A.F.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.J.-B.)
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17
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Sun S, Chen X. Mechanism-guided strategies for combating antibiotic resistance. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:295. [PMID: 39122871 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04106-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial antibiotic resistance has been recognized as a global threat to public health. It challenges the antibiotics currently used in clinical practice and causes severe and often fatal infectious diseases. Fighting against antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) is growing more urgent. While understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie resistance is a prerequisite, several major mechanisms have been previously proposed including bacterial efflux systems, reduced cell membrane permeability, antibiotic inactivation by enzymes, target modification, and target protection. In this context, this review presents a panel of promising and potential strategies to combat antibiotic resistance/resistant bacteria. Different types of direct-acting and indirect resistance breakers, such as efflux pump inhibitors, antibiotic adjuvants, and oxidative treatments are discussed. In addition, the emerging multi-omics approaches for rapid resistance identification and promising alternatives to existing antibiotics are highlighted. Overall, this review suggests that continued effort and investment in research are required to develop new antibiotics and alternatives to existing antibiotics and translate them into environmental and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
| | - Xueyingzi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
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18
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Sendra E, Fernández-Muñoz A, Zamorano L, Oliver A, Horcajada JP, Juan C, Gómez-Zorrilla S. Impact of multidrug resistance on the virulence and fitness of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a microbiological and clinical perspective. Infection 2024; 52:1235-1268. [PMID: 38954392 PMCID: PMC11289218 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-024-02313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common nosocomial pathogens and part of the top emergent species associated with antimicrobial resistance that has become one of the greatest threat to public health in the twenty-first century. This bacterium is provided with a wide set of virulence factors that contribute to pathogenesis in acute and chronic infections. This review aims to summarize the impact of multidrug resistance on the virulence and fitness of P. aeruginosa. Although it is generally assumed that acquisition of resistant determinants is associated with a fitness cost, several studies support that resistance mutations may not be associated with a decrease in virulence and/or that certain compensatory mutations may allow multidrug resistance strains to recover their initial fitness. We discuss the interplay between resistance profiles and virulence from a microbiological perspective but also the clinical consequences in outcomes and the economic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Sendra
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-27, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Almudena Fernández-Muñoz
- Research Unit, University Hospital Son Espases-Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Microbiology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, Crtra. Valldemossa 79, 07010, Palma, Spain
| | - Laura Zamorano
- Research Unit, University Hospital Son Espases-Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Microbiology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, Crtra. Valldemossa 79, 07010, Palma, Spain
| | - Antonio Oliver
- Research Unit, University Hospital Son Espases-Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Microbiology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, Crtra. Valldemossa 79, 07010, Palma, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Horcajada
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-27, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Juan
- Research Unit, University Hospital Son Espases-Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Microbiology Department, University Hospital Son Espases, Crtra. Valldemossa 79, 07010, Palma, Spain.
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Silvia Gómez-Zorrilla
- Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital del Mar, Infectious Pathology and Antimicrobials Research Group (IPAR), Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CEXS-Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Marítim 25-27, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
- Center for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases Network (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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19
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Mishra S, Gantayat S, Dhara C, Bhatt A, Singh M, Vijayakumar S, Rajput M. Advances in bioinspired nanomaterials managing microbial biofilms and virulence: A critical analysis. Microb Pathog 2024; 193:106738. [PMID: 38857710 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Microbial virulence and biofilm formation stand as a big concern against the goal of achieving a green and sustainable future. Microbial pathogenesis is the process by which the microbes (bacterial, fungal, and viral) cause illness in their respective host organism. 'Nanotechnology' is a state-of-art discipline to address this problem. The use of conventional techniques against microbial proliferation has been challenging against the environment. To tackle this problem, there has been a revolution in this multi-disciplinary field, to address the aspect of bioinspired nanomaterials in the antibiofilm and antimicrobial sector. Bioinspired nanomaterials prove to be a potential antibiofilm and antimicrobial agent as they are non-hazardous to the environment and mostly synthesized using a single-step reduction protocol. They exhibit synergistic effects against bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens and thereby, control the virulence. In this literature review, we have elucidated the potential of bioinspired nanoparticles as well as nanomaterials as a promising anti-microbial treatment pedagogy and throw light on the advancements in how smart photo-switchable platforms have been designed to exhibit both bacterial releasing as well as bacterial-killing properties. Certain limitations and possible outcomes of these bio-based nanomaterials have been discussed in the hope of achieving a green and sustainable ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Mishra
- School of Biosciences, Apeejay Stya University, Sohna-Palwal Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India.
| | - Saumyatika Gantayat
- School of Biosciences, Apeejay Stya University, Sohna-Palwal Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Chandrajeet Dhara
- School of Biosciences, Apeejay Stya University, Sohna-Palwal Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Ayush Bhatt
- School of Biosciences, Apeejay Stya University, Sohna-Palwal Road, Gurugram, Haryana, 122103, India
| | - Monika Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Arcadia Grant, P.O., Chandanwari, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Sekar Vijayakumar
- Center for Global Health Research (CGHR), Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China, 264209
| | - Minakshi Rajput
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Arcadia Grant, P.O., Chandanwari, Dehradun, 248007, India; Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249404, India.
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20
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Wang M, Hao M, Cui X, Liu M, Zhang C, Wang S. Tracking emergence and outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae co-producing NDM-1 and KPC-2 after sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim treatment: Insights from genetic analysis. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 64:107237. [PMID: 38851461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The co-production of KPC and NDM carbapenemases in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) complicates clinical treatment and increases mortality rates. The emergence of KPC-NDM CRKP is believed to result from the acquisition of an NDM plasmid by KPC CRKP, especially under the selective pressure of ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA). In this study, a CRKP-producing KPC-2 (JNP990) was isolated from a patient at a tertiary hospital in Shandong Province, China. Following sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SXT) treatment, the isolate evolved into a strain that co-produces KPC and NDM (JNP989), accompanied by resistance to SXT (minimum inhibitory concentration >2/38 µg/mL) and CZA (dd ≤14 mm). Whole-genome sequencing and S1 nuclease pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that JNP989 acquired an IncC plasmid (NDM plasmid) spanning 197 kb carrying sul1 and blaNDM-1 genes. The NDM plasmid could be transferred successfully into Escherichia coli J53 at a conjugation frequency of (8.70±2.47) × 10-4. The IncFⅡ/IncR plasmid carrying the blaKPC-2 gene in JNP990 could only be transferred in the presence of the NDM plasmid at a conjugation frequency of (1.93±0.41) × 10-5. Five CRKP strains with the same resistance pattern as JNP989, belonging to the same clone as JNP989, with sequence type 11 were isolated from other patients in the same hospital. Two strains lost resistance to CZA due to the loss of the blaNDM-1-carrying fragment mediated by insertion sequence 26. Plasmid stability testing indicated that the IncC plasmid was more stable than the blaNDM-1 genes in the hosts. This study describes the evolution of KPC-NDM CRKP and its spread in hospitalized patients following antibiotic treatment, highlighting the severity of the spread of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Children's Health and Disease, Jinan, China; Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingju Hao
- Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaodi Cui
- Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Jinan Dermatosis Prevention and Control Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Children's Health and Disease, Jinan, China; Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shifu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Centre for Children's Health and Disease, Jinan, China; Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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21
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Ares-Arroyo M, Coluzzi C, Moura de Sousa JA, Rocha EPC. Hijackers, hitchhikers, or co-drivers? The mysteries of mobilizable genetic elements. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002796. [PMID: 39208359 PMCID: PMC11389934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Mobile genetic elements shape microbial gene repertoires and populations. Recent results reveal that many, possibly most, microbial mobile genetic elements require helpers to transfer between genomes, which we refer to as Hitcher Genetic Elements (hitchers or HGEs). They may be a large fraction of pathogenicity and resistance genomic islands, whose mechanisms of transfer have remained enigmatic for decades. Together with their helper elements and their bacterial hosts, hitchers form tripartite networks of interactions that evolve rapidly within a parasitism-mutualism continuum. In this emerging view of microbial genomes as communities of mobile genetic elements many questions arise. Which elements are being moved, by whom, and how? How often are hitchers costly hyper-parasites or beneficial mutualists? What is the evolutionary origin of hitchers? Are there key advantages associated with hitchers' lifestyle that justify their unexpected abundance? And why are hitchers systematically smaller than their helpers? In this essay, we start answering these questions and point ways ahead for understanding the principles, origin, mechanisms, and impact of hitchers in bacterial ecology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Ares-Arroyo
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, Paris, France
| | - Charles Coluzzi
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, Paris, France
| | - Jorge A Moura de Sousa
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, Paris, France
| | - Eduardo P C Rocha
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3525, Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, Paris, France
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22
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Zhu L, Xu Y, Li J, Lin G, Han X, Yi J, Jayaprada T, Zhou Z, Ying Y, Wang M. Environmentally persistent microbial contamination in agricultural soils: High risk of pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108902. [PMID: 39059024 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Persistent microbial contamination commonly occurs in the environment. However, the characteristics and associated risks remain largely unknown. The coexistence of virulence factor genes (VFGs) and "last-resort" antibiotic resistance genes (LARGs) on human bacterial pathogens (HBPs) are notorious, creating ecological concerns and health risks. Herein, we explored the pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance levels of LARG-harboring HBPs in agricultural soils. Our findings revealed a high distribution level of VFGs and LARGs in soils (an absolute abundance up to 4.7 × 107 gene copies/g soil) by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Furthermore, most isolated LARG-harboring HBPs exhibited a 100 % lethality rate to Galleria mellonella. LARG-carrying plasmids had a low fitness cost to their host bacteria, implying the high adaptation of these plasmids within the HBPs. Most importantly, multiple LARG and VFG plasmid fusion and core genetic arrangements suggested that these LARG/VFG-linked plasmids endowed the stable and persistent horizontal spread of these genes in and/or cross the species and environments. This study not only unveiled high risk, multisource, compliance and stability aspects of environmentally persistent microbial contamination but also illuminated the importance of linking the phenotype-genotype-niche colonization of environmental microbial contamination within "One Health" framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yongchang Xu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jingpeng Li
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Guoping Lin
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Xuezhu Han
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jiaming Yi
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Thilini Jayaprada
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Zhenchao Zhou
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yiqian Ying
- Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meizhen Wang
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Platform for Low-Carbon Recycling of Waste and Green Development & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310012, China.
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23
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Guo Z, Feng S, Liang L, Wu Z, Min L, Wang R, Li J, Zhong LL, Zhao H, Chen X, Tian GB, Yang JR. Assessment of the reversibility of resistance in the absence of antibiotics and its relationship with the resistance gene's fitness cost: a genetic study with mcr-1. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2024; 5:100846. [PMID: 38870982 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(24)00052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intensive use of antibiotics has resulted in strong natural selection for the evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), but whether, and under what circumstances, the removal of antibiotics would result in a rapid reduction in AMR has been insufficiently explored. We aimed to test the hypothesis that in the simple, yet common, case of AMR conferred by a single gene, removing antibiotics would quickly reduce the prevalence of resistance if the AMR gene imposes a high fitness cost and costless resistance is extremely rare among its proximal mutants. METHODS In this genetic study, to test our hypothesis, we used the mcr-1 gene in Escherichia coli, which confers resistance to the last-resort antibiotic colistin, as a model. A high-throughput reverse genetics approach was used to evaluate mcr-1 variants for their fitness cost and resistance levels relative to a non-functional construct, by measuring relative growth rates in colistin-free media and at 2 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL colistin. We identified costless resistant mcr-1 mutants, and examined their properties within the context of the sequential organisation of mcr-1's functional domains as well as the evolutionary accessibility of these mutations. Finally, a simple population genetic model incorporating the measured fitness cost was constructed and tested against previously published real-world data of mcr-1 prevalence in colonised inpatients in China since the 2017 colistin ban in fodder additives. FINDINGS We estimated the relative growth rates of 14 742 mcr-1 E coli variants (including the wild type), 3449 of which were single-nucleotide mutants. E coli showed 73·8% less growth per 24 h when carrying wild-type mcr-1 compared with the non-functional construct. 6252 (42·4%) of 14 741 mcr-1 mutants showed colistin resistance accompanied by significant fitness costs, when grown under 4 μg/mL colistin selection. 43 (0·3%) mcr-1 mutants exhibited costless resistance, most of which contained multiple mutations. Among the 3449 single mutants of mcr-1, 3433 (99·5%) had a fitness cost when grown in colistin-free media, with a mean relative growth of 0·305 (SD 0·193) compared with the non-functional variant. 3059 (88·7%) and 1833 (53·1%) of 3449 single mutants outgrew the non-functional mcr-1 in the presence of 2 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL colistin, respectively. Single mutations that gave rise to costless mutants were rare in all three domains of mcr-1 (transmembrane domain, flexible linker, and catalytic domain), but the linker domain was enriched with cost-reducing and resistance-enhancing mutations and depleted with cost-increasing mutations. The population genetics model based on the experimental data accurately predicts the rapid decline in mcr-1 prevalence in real-world data. INTERPRETATION Many identified costless resistant variants that consist of multiple mutations are unlikely to evolve easily in nature. These findings for colistin and mcr-1 might be applicable to other cases in which AMR entails a substantial fitness cost that cannot be mitigated in proximal mutants. FUNDING National Natural Science Foundation of China, and National Key Research and Development Program of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Guo
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Feng
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lujie Liang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoxing Wu
- Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lulu Min
- Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruizhi Wang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiachen Li
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan-Lan Zhong
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoshu Chen
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guo-Bao Tian
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jian-Rong Yang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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24
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Shin CJ, O'Connor TJ. Novel induction of broad-spectrum antibiotics by the human pathogen Legionella. mSphere 2024; 9:e0012024. [PMID: 38888300 PMCID: PMC11288058 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00120-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of antibiotics are natural products, with microorganism-generated molecules and their derivatives being the most prevalent source of drugs to treat infections. Thus, identifying natural products remains the most valuable resource for novel therapeutics. Here, we report the discovery of a series of dormant bacteria in honey that have bactericidal activity toward Legionella, a bacterial pathogen that causes respiratory disease in humans. We show that, in response to bacterial products secreted by Legionella, the honey bacteria release diffusible antimicrobial molecules. Remarkably, the honey bacteria only produce these molecules in response to Legionella spp., when compared to a panel of 24 bacterial pathogens from different genera. However, the molecules induced by Legionella have broad activity against several clinically important pathogens, including many high-priority pathogens. Thus, Legionella spp. are potent drivers of antimicrobial molecule production by uncharacterized bacteria isolated from honey, providing access to new antimicrobial products and an unprecedented strategy for discovering novel antibiotics. IMPORTANCE Natural products generated by microorganisms remain the most viable and abundant source of new antibiotics. However, their discovery depends on the ability to isolate and culture the producing organisms and to identify conditions that promote antibiotic production. Here, we identify a series of previously undescribed bacteria isolated from raw honey and specific culture conditions that induce the production of antimicrobial molecules that are active against a wide variety of pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carson J. Shin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tamara J. O'Connor
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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25
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Tueffers L, Batra A, Zimmermann J, Botelho J, Buchholz F, Liao J, Mendoza Mejía N, Munder A, Klockgether J, Tüemmler B, Rupp J, Schulenburg H. Variation in the response to antibiotics and life-history across the major Pseudomonas aeruginosa clone type (mPact) panel. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0014324. [PMID: 38860784 PMCID: PMC11218531 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00143-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous, opportunistic human pathogen. Since it often expresses multidrug resistance, new treatment options are urgently required. Such new treatments are usually assessed with one of the canonical laboratory strains, PAO1 or PA14. However, these two strains are unlikely representative of the strains infecting patients, because they have adapted to laboratory conditions and do not capture the enormous genomic diversity of the species. Here, we characterized the major P. aeruginosa clone type (mPact) panel. This panel consists of 20 strains, which reflect the species' genomic diversity, cover all major clone types, and have both patient and environmental origins. We found significant strain variation in distinct responses toward antibiotics and general growth characteristics. Only few of the measured traits are related, suggesting independent trait optimization across strains. High resistance levels were only identified for clinical mPact isolates and could be linked to known antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. One strain, H01, produced highly unstable AMR combined with reduced growth under drug-free conditions, indicating an evolutionary cost to resistance. The expression of microcolonies was common among strains, especially for strain H15, which also showed reduced growth, possibly indicating another type of evolutionary trade-off. By linking isolation source, growth, and virulence to life history traits, we further identified specific adaptive strategies for individual mPact strains toward either host processes or degradation pathways. Overall, the mPact panel provides a reasonably sized set of distinct strains, enabling in-depth analysis of new treatment designs or evolutionary dynamics in consideration of the species' genomic diversity. IMPORTANCE New treatment strategies are urgently needed for high-risk pathogens such as the opportunistic and often multidrug-resistant pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Here, we characterize the major P. aeruginosa clone type (mPact) panel. It consists of 20 strains with different origins that cover the major clone types of the species as well as its genomic diversity. This mPact panel shows significant variation in (i) resistance against distinct antibiotics, including several last resort antibiotics; (ii) related traits associated with the response to antibiotics; and (iii) general growth characteristics. We further developed a novel approach that integrates information on resistance, growth, virulence, and life-history characteristics, allowing us to demonstrate the presence of distinct adaptive strategies of the strains that focus either on host interaction or resource processing. In conclusion, the mPact panel provides a manageable number of representative strains for this important pathogen for further in-depth analyses of treatment options and evolutionary dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leif Tueffers
- Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Aditi Batra
- Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Antibiotic resistance group, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Ploen, Germany
| | - Johannes Zimmermann
- Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Antibiotic resistance group, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Ploen, Germany
| | - João Botelho
- Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Antibiotic resistance group, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Ploen, Germany
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)—Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Florian Buchholz
- Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Junqi Liao
- Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Antje Munder
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology, and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens Klockgether
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology, and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Burkhard Tüemmler
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology, and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Rupp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hinrich Schulenburg
- Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
- Antibiotic resistance group, Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Ploen, Germany
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26
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Rillig MC, Li C, Rodríguez Del Río Á, Zhu YG, Jin L. Elevated levels of antibiotic resistance genes as a factor of human-caused global environmental change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17419. [PMID: 39023004 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have moved into focus as a critically important response variable in global change biology, given the increasing environmental and human health threat posed by these genes. However, we propose that elevated levels of ARGs should also be considered a factor of global change, not just a response. We provide evidence that elevated levels of ARGs are a global change factor, since this phenomenon is linked to human activity, occurs globally, and affects biota. We explain why ARGs could be considered the global change factor, rather than the organisms containing them; and we highlight the difference between ARGs and the presence of antibiotics, which are not necessarily linked since elevated levels of ARGs are caused by multiple factors. Importantly, shifting the perspective to elevated levels of ARGs as a factor of global change opens new avenues of research, where ARGs can be the experimental treatment. This includes asking questions about how elevated ARG levels interact with other global change factors, or how ARGs influence ecosystem processes, biodiversity or trophic relationships. Global change biology stands to profit from this new framing in terms of capturing more completely the real extent of human impacts on this planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias C Rillig
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Biologie, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Changchao Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Álvaro Rodríguez Del Río
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Biologie, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Jin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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27
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Yang F, Yang F, Huang J, Yu H, Qiao S. Microcin C7 as a Potential Antibacterial-Immunomodulatory Agent in the Postantibiotic Era: Overview of Its Bioactivity Aspects and Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7213. [PMID: 39000321 PMCID: PMC11241378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In the postantibiotic era, the pathogenicity and resistance of pathogens have increased, leading to an increase in intestinal inflammatory disease. Bacterial infections remain the leading cause of animal mortality. With increasing resistance to antibiotics, there has been a significant decrease in resistance to both inflammation and disease in animals, thus decreasing production efficiency and increasing production costs. These side effects have serious consequences and have detracted from the development of China's pig industry. Microcin C7 (McC7) demonstrates potent antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of pathogens, stable physicochemical properties, and low toxicity, reducing the likelihood of resistance development. Thus, McC7 has received increasing attention as a potential clinical antibacterial and immunomodulatory agent. McC7 has the potential to serve as a new generation of antibiotic substitutes; however, its commercial applications in the livestock and poultry industry have been limited. In this review, we summarize and discuss the biosynthesis, biochemical properties, structural characteristics, mechanism of action, and immune strategies of McC7. We also describe the ability of McC7 to improve intestinal health. Our aim in this study was to provide a theoretical basis for the application of McC7 as a new feed additive or new veterinary drug in the livestock and poultry breeding industry, thus providing a new strategy for alleviating resistance through feed and mitigating drug resistance. Furthermore, this review provides insight into the new functions and anti-infection mechanisms of bacteriocin peptides and proposes crucial ideas for the research, product development, and application of bacteriocin peptides in different fields, such as the food and medical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Biofeed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feiyun Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Jinxiu Huang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Biofeed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shiyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Biofeed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China
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28
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Schmidlin, Apodaca, Newell, Sastokas, Kinsler, Geiler-Samerotte. Distinguishing mutants that resist drugs via different mechanisms by examining fitness tradeoffs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.17.562616. [PMID: 37905147 PMCID: PMC10614906 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.17.562616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in designing multidrug therapies that leverage tradeoffs to combat resistance. Tradeoffs are common in evolution and occur when, for example, resistance to one drug results in sensitivity to another. Major questions remain about the extent to which tradeoffs are reliable, specifically, whether the mutants that provide resistance to a given drug all suffer similar tradeoffs. This question is difficult because the drug-resistant mutants observed in the clinic, and even those evolved in controlled laboratory settings, are often biased towards those that provide large fitness benefits. Thus, the mutations (and mechanisms) that provide drug resistance may be more diverse than current data suggests. Here, we perform evolution experiments utilizing lineage-tracking to capture a fuller spectrum of mutations that give yeast cells a fitness advantage in fluconazole, a common antifungal drug. We then quantify fitness tradeoffs for each of 774 evolved mutants across 12 environments, finding these mutants group into 6 classes with characteristically different tradeoffs. Their unique tradeoffs may imply that each group of mutants affects fitness through different underlying mechanisms. Some of the groupings we find are surprising. For example, we find some mutants that resist single drugs do not resist their combination, while others do. And some mutants to the same gene have different tradeoffs than others. These findings, on one hand, demonstrate the difficulty in relying on consistent or intuitive tradeoffs when designing multidrug treatments. On the other hand, by demonstrating that hundreds of adaptive mutations can be reduced to a few groups with characteristic tradeoffs, our findings may yet empower multidrug strategies that leverage tradeoffs to combat resistance. More generally speaking, by grouping mutants that likely affect fitness through similar underlying mechanisms, our work guides efforts to map the phenotypic effects of mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Schmidlin
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ
| | - Apodaca
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ
| | - Newell
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ
| | - Sastokas
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ
| | - Kinsler
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Geiler-Samerotte
- Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ
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29
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Xu R, Zhang Y, Li Y, Song J, Liang Y, Chen F, Wei X, Li C, Liu W, Rensing C, Wang Y, Chen Y. Linking bacterial life strategies with the distribution pattern of antibiotic resistance genes in soil aggregates after straw addition. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134355. [PMID: 38643583 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Straw addition markedly affects the soil aggregates and microbial community structure. However, its influence on the profile of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which are likely associated with changes in bacterial life strategies, remains unclear. To clarify this issue, a soil microcosm experiment was incubated under aerobic (WS) or anaerobic (AnWS) conditions after straw addition, and metagenomic sequencing was used to characterise ARGs and bacterial communities in soil aggregates. The results showed that straw addition shifted the bacterial life strategies from K- to r-strategists in all aggregates, and the aerobic and anaerobic conditions stimulated the growth of aerobic and anaerobic r-strategist bacteria, respectively. The WS decreased the relative abundances of dominant ARGs such as QnrS5, whereas the AnWS increased their abundance. After straw addition, the macroaggregates consistently exhibited a higher number of significantly altered bacteria and ARGs than the silt+clay fractions. Network analysis revealed that the WS increased the number of aerobic r-strategist bacterial nodes and fostered more interactions between r-and K-strategist bacteria, thus promoting ARGs prevalence, whereas AnWS exhibited an opposite trend. These findings provide a new perspective for understanding the fate of ARGs and their controlling factors in soil ecosystems after straw addition. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS: Straw soil amendment has been recommended to mitigate soil fertility degradation, improve soil structure, and ultimately increase crop yields. However, our findings highlight the importance of the elevated prevalence of ARGs associated with r-strategist bacteria in macroaggregates following the addition of organic matter, particularly fresh substrates. In addition, when assessing the environmental risk posed by ARGs in soil that receives crop straw, it is essential to account for the soil moisture content. This is because the species of r-strategist bacteria that thrive under aerobic and anaerobic conditions play a dominant role in the dissemination and accumulation of ARG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risheng Xu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China
| | - Jianxiao Song
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China
| | - Yanru Liang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China
| | - Fan Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China
| | - Xiaomeng Wei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, PR China
| | - Cui Li
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Yuheng Wang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China.
| | - Yanlong Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129 Xi'an, PR China.
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30
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Son SM, Ahn E, Ahn S, Cho S, Ryu S. Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter spp. on soil and crops collected from agricultural fields in South Korea. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:1931-1937. [PMID: 38752113 PMCID: PMC11091005 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01496-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter spp. is a rising public health concern worldwide. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic-resistance genes and the virulence of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from soil and crops obtained from agricultural fields in South Korea. Eight Acinetobacter spp. isolates carried various antibiotic resistance genes, such as emrAB (100%), cat/craA (100%), and aadA gene (87.5%). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis revealed that strains harboring antibiotic resistance genes exhibited high resistance to the respective antibiotics, such as colistin, chloramphenicol, and streptomycin. Interestingly, most of these isolates had high capability of biofilm formation and swarming motility, along with faster growth rates. Taken together, our study demonstrated that antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter isolated from agricultural settings in South Korea not only frequently carries antibiotic resistance genes but also has virulence-related traits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-023-01496-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Min Son
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbyeol Ahn
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Sojin Ahn
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
- eGnome Inc., Seoul, 05836 Republic of Korea
| | - Seoae Cho
- eGnome Inc., Seoul, 05836 Republic of Korea
| | - Sangryeol Ryu
- Department of Food and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 Republic of Korea
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31
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Chen Z, Huang L. Fusobacterium nucleatum carcinogenesis and drug delivery interventions. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 209:115319. [PMID: 38643839 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The microbiome has emerged as a significant biomarker and modulator in cancer development and treatment response. Recent research highlights the notable role of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in various tumor types, including breast, colorectal, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, and lung cancers. Accumulating evidence suggests that the local microbial community forms an integral component of the tumor microenvironment, with bacterial communities within tumors displaying specificity to tumor types. Mechanistic investigations indicate that tumor-associated microbiota can directly influence tumor initiation, progression, and responses to chemotherapy or immunotherapy. This article presents a comprehensive review of microbial communities especially F. nucleatum in tumor tissue, exploring their roles and underlying mechanisms in tumor development, treatment, and prevention. When the tumor-associated F. nucleatum is killed, the host immune response is activated to recognize tumor cells. Bacteria epitopes restricted by the host antigens, can be identified for future anti-bacteria/tumor vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Chen
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Leaf Huang
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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32
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Ma K, Chinelo OR, Gu M, Kong F, Jiang Y, Wang H, Xue T. Role of ArcA in the regulation of antibiotic sensitivity in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103686. [PMID: 38574461 PMCID: PMC11004985 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is one of the common extraintestinal infectious disease pathogens in chickens, geese, and other birds, inducing serious impediments to the development of the poultry industry. Hence, investigating how bacteria regulate themselves amidst different challenging conditions is immense essential in prevention and treatment for bacterial pathogen infections. The ArcA regulatory factor has been reported to regulate oxygen availability in strains, but its role in regulation of antibiotics resistance in APEC is unclear. This study delved into understanding how ArcA regulates antibiotic resistance in APEC. An E. coli APEC40 arcA knockout strain was constructed, and the regulatory mechanism of arcA on APEC antibiotic susceptibility was identified by drug sensitivity test, colony counting assay, real-time quantitative PCR, β-galactosidase assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). The results showed that ArcA directly binds to the promoter region of the outer membrane protein OmpC/OmpW and regulates bacterial susceptibility to kanamycin and penicillin G. At the same time, the double knockout of ompW and ompW/arcA resulted in an increase in resistance to kanamycin compared to the deletion of the arcA gene. This outcome provided experimental proof suggesting that the outer membrane protein OmpW could serve as a crucial pathway for the ingress of kanamycin into cells. These results confirmed the important regulatory role of ArcA transcription factors under APEC antibiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Okoro Ruth Chinelo
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Mantian Gu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Fanwenqing Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Ting Xue
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China.
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33
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Lai HY, Cooper TF. Costs of antibiotic resistance genes depend on host strain and environment and can influence community composition. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20240735. [PMID: 38889784 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.0735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) benefit host bacteria in environments containing corresponding antibiotics, but it is less clear how they are maintained in environments where antibiotic selection is weak or sporadic. In particular, few studies have measured if the direct effect of ARGs on host fitness is fixed or if it depends on the host strain, perhaps marking some ARG-host combinations as selective refuges that can maintain ARGs in the absence of antibiotic selection. We quantified the fitness effects of six ARGs in 11 diverse Escherichia spp. strains. Three ARGs (blaTEM-116, cat and dfrA5, encoding resistance to β-lactams, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim, respectively) imposed an overall cost, but all ARGs had an effect in at least one host strain, reflecting a significant strain interaction effect. A simulation predicts these interactions can cause the success of ARGs to depend on available host strains, and, to a lesser extent, can cause host strain success to depend on the ARGs present in a community. These results indicate the importance of considering ARG effects across different host strains, and especially the potential of refuge strains to allow resistance to persist in the absence of direct selection, in efforts to understand resistance dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Yi Lai
- School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tim F Cooper
- School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
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34
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Morales-Espinosa R, Delgado G, Espinosa-Camacho F, Flores-Alanis A, Rodriguez C, Mendez JL, Gonzalez-Pedraza A, Cravioto A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from animal with high virulence genes content and highly sensitive to antimicrobials. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2024; 37:75-80. [PMID: 38452900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES P. aeruginosa is one of the most metabolically versatile bacteria having the ability to survive in multiple environments through its accessory genome. An important hallmark of P. aeruginosa is the high level of antibiotic resistance, which often makes eradication difficult and sometimes impossible. Evolutionary forces have led to this bacterium to develop high antimicrobial resistance with a variety of elements contributing to both intrinsic and acquired resistance. The objectives were to genetically and phenotypically characterizer P. aeruginosa strains isolated from companion animals of different species. METHODS We characterized a collection of 39 P. aeruginosa strains isolated from infected animals. The genetic characterization was in relation to chromosomal profile by PFGE; content of virulence gene; presence of genomic islands (GIs); genes of the cytotoxins exported by T3SS: exoU, exoS, exoT and exoY; and type IV pili allele. The phenotypic characterization was based on patterns of susceptibility to different antimicrobials. RESULTS Each strain had a PFGE profile, a high virulence genes content, and a large accessory genome. However, most of the strains presented high sensitivity to almost all antimicrobials tested, showing no acquired resistance (no β-lactamases). The exception to this lack of resistance was seen with penicillin. CONCLUSIONS P. aeruginosa could be a naturally sensitive bacterium to standard antimicrobials but could rapidly develop intrinsic and acquired resistance when the bacterium is exposed to pressure exerted by antibiotics, as observed in hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Morales-Espinosa
- Bacterial Genomic Laboratory, Microbiology and Parasitology Deparment, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Gabriela Delgado
- Bacterial Genomic Laboratory, Microbiology and Parasitology Deparment, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Fernando Espinosa-Camacho
- Bacterial Genomic Laboratory, Microbiology and Parasitology Deparment, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alejandro Flores-Alanis
- Bacterial Genomic Laboratory, Microbiology and Parasitology Deparment, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cristina Rodriguez
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México., Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jose L Mendez
- Bacterial Genomic Laboratory, Microbiology and Parasitology Deparment, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alberto Gonzalez-Pedraza
- Bacterial Genomic Laboratory, Microbiology and Parasitology Deparment, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alejandro Cravioto
- Bacterial Genomic Laboratory, Microbiology and Parasitology Deparment, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
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35
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Ye G, Fan L, Zheng Y, Liao X, Huang Q, Su Y. Upregulated Palmitoleate and Oleate Production in Escherichia coli Promotes Gentamicin Resistance. Molecules 2024; 29:2504. [PMID: 38893378 PMCID: PMC11173871 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming mediates antibiotic efficacy. However, metabolic adaptation of microbes evolving from antibiotic sensitivity to resistance remains undefined. Therefore, untargeted metabolomics was conducted to unveil relevant metabolic reprogramming and potential intervention targets involved in gentamicin resistance. In total, 61 metabolites and 52 metabolic pathways were significantly altered in gentamicin-resistant E. coli. Notably, the metabolic reprogramming was characterized by decreases in most metabolites involved in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, and accumulation of building blocks for nucleotide synthesis in gentamicin-resistant E. coli. Meanwhile, fatty acid metabolism and glycerolipid metabolism were also significantly altered in gentamicin-resistant E. coli. Additionally, glycerol, glycerol-3-phosphate, palmitoleate, and oleate were separately defined as the potential biomarkers for identifying gentamicin resistance in E. coli. Moreover, palmitoleate and oleate could attenuate or even abolished killing effects of gentamicin on E. coli, and separately increased the minimum inhibitory concentration of gentamicin against E. coli by 2 and 4 times. Furthermore, palmitoleate and oleate separately decreased intracellular gentamicin contents, and abolished gentamicin-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species, indicating involvement of gentamicin metabolism and redox homeostasis in palmitoleate/oleate-promoted gentamicin resistance in E. coli. This study identifies the metabolic reprogramming, potential biomarkers and intervention targets related to gentamicin resistance in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhu Ye
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; (G.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Lvyuan Fan
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (L.F.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuhong Zheng
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (L.F.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xu Liao
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; (G.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Qiansheng Huang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Indoor Air and Health, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; (G.Y.); (X.L.)
| | - Yubin Su
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; (L.F.); (Y.Z.)
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36
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Zhu M, Dai X. Shaping of microbial phenotypes by trade-offs. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4238. [PMID: 38762599 PMCID: PMC11102524 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Growth rate maximization is an important fitness strategy for microbes. However, the wide distribution of slow-growing oligotrophic microbes in ecosystems suggests that rapid growth is often not favored across ecological environments. In many circumstances, there exist trade-offs between growth and other important traits (e.g., adaptability and survival) due to physiological and proteome constraints. Investments on alternative traits could compromise growth rate and microbes need to adopt bet-hedging strategies to improve fitness in fluctuating environments. Here we review the mechanistic role of trade-offs in controlling bacterial growth and further highlight its ecological implications in driving the emergences of many important ecological phenomena such as co-existence, population heterogeneity and oligotrophic/copiotrophic lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xiongfeng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, PR China.
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37
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Sun Y, Zhao H, Pu F, Liu H, Chen L, Ren J, Qu X. On-Demand Activatable and Integrated Bioorthogonal Nanocatalyst against Biofilm-Associated Infections. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400899. [PMID: 38752875 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal chemistry has emerged as a powerful tool for manipulating biological processes. However, difficulties in controlling the exact location and on-demand catalytic synthesis limit its application in biological systems. Herein, this work constructs an activatable bioorthogonal system integrating a shielded catalyst and prodrug molecules to combat biofilm-associated infections. The catalytic species is activated in response to the hyaluronidase (HAase) secreted by the bacteria and the acidic pH of the biofilm, which is accompanied by the release of prodrugs, to achieve the bioorthogonal catalytic synthesis of antibacterial molecules in situ. Moreover, the system can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to disperse bacterial biofilms, enabling the antibacterial molecules to penetrate the biofilm and eliminate the bacteria within it. This study promotes the design of efficient and safe bioorthogonal catalysts and the development of bioorthogonal chemistry-mediated antibacterial strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Huisi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fang Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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38
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Chen Z, Zhang Y, Mao D, Wang X, Luo Y. NaClO Co-selects antibiotic and disinfectant resistance in Klebsiella pneumonia: Implications for the potential risk of extensive disinfectant use during COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134102. [PMID: 38554506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The inappropriate use of antibiotics is widely recognized as the primary driver of bacterial antibiotic resistance. However, less attention has been given to the potential induction of multidrug-resistant bacteria through exposure to disinfectants. In this study, Klebsiella pneumonia, an opportunistic pathogen commonly associated with hospital and community-acquired infection, was experimentally exposed to NaClO at both minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and sub-MIC levels over a period of 60 days. The result demonstrated that NaClO exposure led to enhanced resistance of K. pneumonia to both NaClO itself and five antibiotics (erythromycin, polymyxin B, gentamicin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin). Concurrently, the evolved resistant strains exhibited fitness costs, as evidenced by decreased growth rates. Whole population sequencing revealed that both concentrations of NaClO exposure caused genetic mutations in the genome of K. pneumonia. Some of these mutations were known to be associated with antibiotic resistance, while others had not previously been identified as such. In addition, 11 identified mutations were located in the virulence factors, demonstrating that NaClO exposure may also impact the pathogenicity of K. pneumoniae. Overall, this study highlights the potential for the widespread use of NaClO-containing disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic to contribute to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION: Considering the potential hazardous effects of disinfectant residues on environment, organisms and biodiversity, the sharp rise in use of disinfectants during COVID-19 pandemic has been considered highly likely to cause worldwide secondary disasters in ecosystems and human health. This study demonstrated that NaClO exposure enhanced the resistance of K. pneumonia to both NaClO and five antibiotics (erythromycin, polymyxin B, gentamicin, tetracycline, and ciprofloxacin), highlighting the widespread use of NaClO-containing disinfectants during the COVID-19 pandemic may increase the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyou Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Daqing Mao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yi Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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39
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Qin J, Qi X, Li Y, Tang Z, Zhang X, Ru S, Xiong JQ. Bisphenols can promote antibiotic resistance by inducing metabolic adaptations and natural transformation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134149. [PMID: 38554512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Whether bisphenols, as plasticizers, can influence bacterial uptake of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in natural environment, as well as the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Our results showed that four commonly used bisphenols (bisphenol A, S, F, and AF) at their environmental relative concentrations can significantly promote transmission of ARGs by 2.97-3.56 times in Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1. Intriguingly, we observed ADP1 acquired resistance by integrating plasmids uptake and cellular metabolic adaptations other than through reactive oxygen species mediated pathway. Metabolic adaptations including upregulation of capsules polysaccharide biosynthesis and intracellularly metabolic enzymes, which enabled formation of thicker capsules for capturing free plasmids, and degradation of accumulated compounds. Simultaneously, genes encoding DNA uptake and translocation machinery were incorporated to enhance natural transformation of antibiotic resistance carrying plasmids. We further exposed aquatic fish to bisphenols for 120 days to monitor their long-term effects in aquatic environment, which showed that intestinal bacteria communities were dominated by a drug resistant microbiome. Our study provides new insight into the mechanism of enhanced natural transformation of ARGs by bisphenols, and highlights the investigations for unexpectedly-elevated antibiotic-resistant risks by structurally related environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Qin
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; School of Life Sciences, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Qi
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yuejiao Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhuyun Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, No. 1088, Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Jiu-Qiang Xiong
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Zhou C, Pawline MB, Pironti A, Morales SM, Perault AI, Ulrich RJ, Podkowik M, Lejeune A, DuMont A, Stubbe FX, Korman A, Jones DR, Schluter J, Richardson AR, Fey PD, Drlica K, Cadwell K, Torres VJ, Shopsin B. Microbiota and metabolic adaptation shape Staphylococcus aureus virulence and antimicrobial resistance during intestinal colonization. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.11.593044. [PMID: 38766195 PMCID: PMC11100824 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.11.593044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Depletion of microbiota increases susceptibility to gastrointestinal colonization and subsequent infection by opportunistic pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). How the absence of gut microbiota impacts the evolution of MRSA is unknown. The present report used germ-free mice to investigate the evolutionary dynamics of MRSA in the absence of gut microbiota. Through genomic analyses and competition assays, we found that MRSA adapts to the microbiota-free gut through sequential genetic mutations and structural changes that enhance fitness. Initially, these adaptations increase carbohydrate transport; subsequently, evolutionary pathways largely diverge to enhance either arginine metabolism or cell wall biosynthesis. Increased fitness in arginine pathway mutants depended on arginine catabolic genes, especially nos and arcC, which promote microaerobic respiration and ATP generation, respectively. Thus, arginine adaptation likely improves redox balance and energy production in the oxygen-limited gut environment. Findings were supported by human gut metagenomic analyses, which suggest the influence of arginine metabolism on colonization. Surprisingly, these adaptive genetic changes often reduced MRSA's antimicrobial resistance and virulence. Furthermore, resistance mutation, typically associated with decreased virulence, also reduced colonization fitness, indicating evolutionary trade-offs among these traits. The presence of normal microbiota inhibited these adaptations, preserving MRSA's wild-type characteristics that effectively balance virulence, resistance, and colonization fitness. The results highlight the protective role of gut microbiota in preserving a balance of key MRSA traits for long-term ecological success in commensal populations, underscoring the potential consequences on MRSA's survival and fitness during and after host hospitalization and antimicrobial treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyi Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Miranda B. Pawline
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alejandro Pironti
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Microbial Computational Genomic Core Lab, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sabrina M. Morales
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Andrew I. Perault
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Robert J. Ulrich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Magdalena Podkowik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alannah Lejeune
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ashley DuMont
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | - Aryeh Korman
- Metabolomics Core Resource Laboratory, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Drew R. Jones
- Metabolomics Core Resource Laboratory, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jonas Schluter
- Institute for Systems Genetics, Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Anthony R. Richardson
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Paul D. Fey
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Karl Drlica
- Public Health Research Institute, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Ken Cadwell
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute, New York University, Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Victor J. Torres
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Bo Shopsin
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Program, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Wu Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Xiu X, Liu J, Zhang L, Li J, Du G, Lv X, Chen J, Ledesma-Amaro R, Liu L. Multiplexed in-situ mutagenesis driven by a dCas12a-based dual-function base editor. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:4739-4755. [PMID: 38567723 PMCID: PMC11077070 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutagenesis driving genetic diversity is vital for understanding and engineering biological systems. However, the lack of effective methods to generate in-situ mutagenesis in multiple genomic loci combinatorially limits the study of complex biological functions. Here, we design and construct MultiduBE, a dCas12a-based multiplexed dual-function base editor, in an all-in-one plasmid for performing combinatorial in-situ mutagenesis. Two synthetic effectors, duBE-1a and duBE-2b, are created by amalgamating the functionalities of cytosine deaminase (from hAPOBEC3A or hAID*Δ ), adenine deaminase (from TadA9), and crRNA array processing (from dCas12a). Furthermore, introducing the synthetic separator Sp4 minimizes interference in the crRNA array, thereby facilitating multiplexed in-situ mutagenesis in both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Guided by the corresponding crRNA arrays, MultiduBE is successfully employed for cell physiology reprogramming and metabolic regulation. A novel mutation conferring streptomycin resistance has been identified in B. subtilis and incorporated into the mutant strains with multiple antibiotic resistance. Moreover, surfactin and riboflavin titers of the combinatorially mutant strains improved by 42% and 15-fold, respectively, compared with the control strains with single gene mutation. Overall, MultiduBE provides a convenient and efficient way to perform multiplexed in-situ mutagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaokang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiang Xiu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jiaheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Linpei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xueqin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Department of Bioengineering and Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Wang C, Yang J, Xu Z, Lv L, Chen S, Hong M, Liu JH. Promoter regulatory mode evolution enhances the high multidrug resistance of tmexCD1-toprJ1. mBio 2024; 15:e0021824. [PMID: 38564664 PMCID: PMC11077950 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00218-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance could rapidly emerge from acquiring the mobile antibiotic resistance genes, which are commonly evolved from an intrinsic gene. The emergence of the plasmid-borne mobilized efflux pump gene cluster tmexCD1-toprJ1 renders the last-resort antibiotic tigecycline ineffective, although its evolutionary mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the regulatory mechanisms of the progenitor NfxB-MexCD-OprJ, a chromosomally encoded operon that does not mediate antibiotic resistance in the wild-type version, and its homologs, TNfxB1-TMexCD1-TOprJ1 mediating high-level tigecycline resistance, and TNfxB3-TMexCD3-TOprJ1. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that in nfxB-mexCD-oprJ, MexCD expression was under a weaker promoter, PmexC and inhibited by a strong repressor NfxB. For tmexCD1-toprJ1, TMexCD1 was highly expressed owing to the presence of a strong promoter, PtmexC1, and an inactive suppressor, TNfxB1, with a T39R mutation that rendered it unable to bind to promoter DNA. In tnfxB3-tmexCD3-toprJ1b, TMexCD3 expression was intermediate because of the local regulator TNfxB3, which binds to two inverted repeat sequences of PtmexC. Additionally, TNfxB3 exhibited lower protein expression and weaker DNA binding affinity than its ancestor NfxB, together with their promoter activities difference explaining the different expression levels of tmexCD-toprJ homologs. Distinct fitness burdens on these homologs-carrying bacteria were observed due to the corresponding expression level, which might be associated with their global prevalence. In summary, our data depict the mechanisms underlying the evolution and dissemination of an important mobile antibiotic resistance gene from an intrinsic chromosomal gene.IMPORTANCEAs antibiotic resistance seriously challenges global health, tigecycline is one of the few effective drugs in the pipeline against infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. Our previous work identified a novel tigecycline resistance efflux pump gene cluster tmexCD1-toprJ1 in animals and humans, together with its various variants, a rising clinical concern. Herein, this study focused on how the local regulation modes of tmexCD1-toprJ1 evolved to a highly expressed efflux pump. Through comparative analysis between three tnfxB-tmexCD-toprJ homologs and their progenitor nfxB-mexCD-oprJ, modes, we demonstrated the evolutionary dynamics from a chromosomal silent gene to an active state. We found the de-repression of the local regulator and an increase of the promoter activity work together to promote a high production of drug efflux machines and enhance multidrug resistance. Our findings revealed that TMexCD1-TOprJ1 adopts a distinct evolutionary path to achieve higher multidrug resistance, urgently needing tight surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistant of Microorganisms in Animals, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistant of Microorganisms in Animals, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeling Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luchao Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistant of Microorganisms in Animals, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and the Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mei Hong
- College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistant of Microorganisms in Animals, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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43
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Nair RR, Andersson DI, Warsi OM. Antibiotic resistance begets more resistance: chromosomal resistance mutations mitigate fitness costs conferred by multi-resistant clinical plasmids. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0420623. [PMID: 38534122 PMCID: PMC11064507 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04206-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasmids are the primary vectors of horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria. Previous studies have shown that the spread and maintenance of plasmids among bacterial populations depend on the genetic makeup of both the plasmid and the host bacterium. Antibiotic resistance can also be acquired through mutations in the bacterial chromosome, which not only confer resistance but also result in changes in bacterial physiology and typically a reduction in fitness. However, it is unclear whether chromosomal resistance mutations affect the interaction between plasmids and the host bacteria. To address this question, we introduced 13 clinical plasmids into a susceptible Escherichia coli strain and three different congenic mutants that were resistant to nitrofurantoin (ΔnfsAB), ciprofloxacin (gyrA, S83L), and streptomycin (rpsL, K42N) and determined how the plasmids affected the exponential growth rates of the host in glucose minimal media. We find that though plasmids confer costs on the susceptible strains, those costs are fully mitigated in the three resistant mutants. In several cases, this results in a competitive advantage of the resistant strains over the susceptible strain when both carry the same plasmid and are grown in the absence of antibiotics. Our results suggest that bacteria carrying chromosomal mutations for antibiotic resistance could be a better reservoir for resistance plasmids, thereby driving the evolution of multi-drug resistance.IMPORTANCEPlasmids have led to the rampant spread of antibiotic resistance genes globally. Plasmids often carry antibiotic resistance genes and other genes needed for its maintenance and spread, which typically confer a fitness cost on the host cell observed as a reduced growth rate. Resistance is also acquired via chromosomal mutations, and similar to plasmids they also reduce bacterial fitness. However, we do not know whether resistance mutations affect the bacterial ability to carry plasmids. Here, we introduced 13 multi-resistant clinical plasmids into a susceptible and three different resistant E. coli strains and found that most of these plasmids do confer fitness cost on susceptible cells, but these costs disappear in the resistant strains which often lead to fitness advantage for the resistant strains in the absence of antibiotic selection. Our results imply that already resistant bacteria are a more favorable reservoir for multi-resistant plasmids, promoting the ascendance of multi-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramith R. Nair
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dan I. Andersson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Omar M. Warsi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Mishra AK, Thakare RP, Santani BG, Yabaji SM, Dixit SK, Srivastava KK. Unlocking the enigma of phenotypic drug tolerance: Mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies. Biochimie 2024; 220:67-83. [PMID: 38168626 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In the ongoing battle against antimicrobial resistance, phenotypic drug tolerance poses a formidable challenge. This adaptive ability of microorganisms to withstand drug pressure without genetic alterations further complicating global healthcare challenges. Microbial populations employ an array of persistence mechanisms, including dormancy, biofilm formation, adaptation to intracellular environments, and the adoption of L-forms, to develop drug tolerance. Moreover, molecular mechanisms like toxin-antitoxin modules, oxidative stress responses, energy metabolism, and (p)ppGpp signaling contribute to this phenomenon. Understanding these persistence mechanisms is crucial for predicting drug efficacy, developing strategies for chronic bacterial infections, and exploring innovative therapies for refractory infections. In this comprehensive review, we dissect the intricacies of drug tolerance and persister formation, explore their role in acquired drug resistance, and highlight emerging therapeutic approaches to combat phenotypic drug tolerance. Furthermore, we outline the future landscape of interventions for persistent bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok K Mishra
- Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India; Department of Molecular Cell and Cancer Biology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
| | - Ritesh P Thakare
- Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India; Department of Molecular Cell and Cancer Biology, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Bela G Santani
- Department of Microbiology, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University (SGBAU), Amravati, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shivraj M Yabaji
- Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India; National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL), Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shivendra K Dixit
- Division of Medicine ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
| | - Kishore K Srivastava
- Division of Microbiology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India.
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Liu X, Qin P, Wen H, Wang W, Zhao J. Seasonal meropenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii and influence of temperature-driven adaptation. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:149. [PMID: 38678219 PMCID: PMC11055336 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03271-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recognition of seasonal trends in bacterial infection and drug resistance rates may enhance diagnosis, direct therapeutic strategies, and inform preventive measures. Limited data exist on the seasonal variability of Acinetobacter baumannii. We investigated the seasonality of A. baumannii, the correlation between temperature and meropenem resistance, and the impact of temperature on this bacterium. RESULTS Meropenem resistance rates increased with lower temperatures, peaking in winter/colder months. Nonresistant strain detection exhibited temperature-dependent seasonality, rising in summer/warmer months and declining in winter/colder months. In contrast, resistant strains showed no seasonality. Variations in meropenem-resistant and nonresistant bacterial resilience to temperature changes were observed. Nonresistant strains displayed growth advantages at temperatures ≥ 25 °C, whereas meropenem-resistant A. baumannii with β-lactamase OXA-23 exhibited greater resistance to low-temperature (4 °C) stress. Furthermore, at 4 °C, A. baumannii upregulated carbapenem resistance-related genes (adeJ, oxa-51, and oxa-23) and increased meropenem stress tolerance. CONCLUSIONS Meropenem resistance rates in A. baumannii display seasonality and are negatively correlated with local temperature, with rates peaking in winter, possibly linked to the differential adaptation of resistant and nonresistant isolates to temperature fluctuations. Furthermore, due to significant resistance rate variations between quarters, compiling monthly or quarterly reports might enhance comprehension of antibiotic resistance trends. Consequently, this could assist in formulating strategies to control and prevent resistance within healthcare facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Liu
- Hebei Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Qin
- Hebei Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hainan Wen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weigang Wang
- Hebei Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Zhao
- Hebei Provincial Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China.
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Jin E, Lv Z, Zhu Y, Zhang H, Li H. Nature-Inspired Micro/Nano-Structured Antibacterial Surfaces. Molecules 2024; 29:1906. [PMID: 38731407 PMCID: PMC11085384 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The problem of bacterial resistance has become more and more common with improvements in health care. Worryingly, the misuse of antibiotics leads to an increase in bacterial multidrug resistance and the development of new antibiotics has virtually stalled. These challenges have prompted the need to combat bacterial infections with the use of radically different approaches. Taking lessons from the exciting properties of micro-/nano-natural-patterned surfaces, which can destroy cellular integrity, the construction of artificial surfaces to mimic natural functions provides new opportunities for the innovation and development of biomedicine. Due to the diversity of natural surfaces, functional surfaces inspired by natural surfaces have a wide range of applications in healthcare. Nature-inspired surface structures have emerged as an effective and durable strategy to prevent bacterial infection, opening a new way to alleviate the problem of bacterial drug resistance. The present situation of bactericidal and antifouling surfaces with natural and biomimetic micro-/nano-structures is briefly reviewed. In addition, these innovative nature-inspired methods are used to manufacture a variety of artificial surfaces to achieve extraordinary antibacterial properties. In particular, the physical antibacterial effect of nature-inspired surfaces and the functional mechanisms of chemical groups, small molecules, and ions are discussed, as well as the wide current and future applications of artificial biomimetic micro-/nano-surfaces. Current challenges and future development directions are also discussed at the end. In the future, controlling the use of micro-/nano-structures and their subsequent functions will lead to biomimetic surfaces offering great potential applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - He Li
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; (E.J.); (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.Z.)
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Lyu Z, Ling Y, van Hoof A, Ling J. Inactivation of the ribosome assembly factor RimP causes streptomycin resistance and impairs motility in Salmonella. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024:e0000224. [PMID: 38629858 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00002-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The ribosome is the central hub for protein synthesis and the target of many antibiotics. Although the majority of ribosome-targeting antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis and are bacteriostatic, aminoglycosides promote protein mistranslation and are bactericidal. Understanding the resistance mechanisms of bacteria against aminoglycosides is not only vital for improving the efficacy of this critically important group of antibiotics but also crucial for studying the molecular basis of translational fidelity. In this work, we analyzed Salmonella mutants evolved in the presence of the aminoglycoside streptomycin (Str) and identified a novel gene rimP to be involved in Str resistance. RimP is a ribosome assembly factor critical for the maturation of the 30S small subunit that binds Str. Deficiency in RimP increases resistance against Str and facilitates the development of even higher resistance. Deleting rimP decreases mistranslation and cellular uptake of Str and further impairs flagellar motility. Our work thus highlights a previously unknown mechanism of aminoglycoside resistance via defective ribosome assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Lyu
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Yunyi Ling
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Ambro van Hoof
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jiqiang Ling
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Levin BR, Berryhill BA, Gil-Gil T, Manuel JA, Smith AP, Choby JE, Andersson DI, Weiss DS, Baquero F. Theoretical considerations and empirical predictions of the pharmaco- and population dynamics of heteroresistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318600121. [PMID: 38588431 PMCID: PMC11032463 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318600121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are considered one of the most important contributions to clinical medicine in the last century. Due to the use and overuse of these drugs, there have been increasing frequencies of infections with resistant pathogens. One form of resistance, heteroresistance, is particularly problematic; pathogens appear sensitive to a drug by common susceptibility tests. However, upon exposure to the antibiotic, resistance rapidly ascends, and treatment fails. To quantitatively explore the processes contributing to the emergence and ascent of resistance during treatment and the waning of resistance following cessation of treatment, we develop two distinct mathematical and computer-simulation models of heteroresistance. In our analysis of the properties of these models, we consider the factors that determine the response to antibiotic-mediated selection. In one model, heteroresistance is progressive, with each resistant state sequentially generating a higher resistance level. In the other model, heteroresistance is non-progressive, with a susceptible population directly generating populations with different resistance levels. The conditions where resistance will ascend in the progressive model are narrower than those of the non-progressive model. The rates of reversion from the resistant to the sensitive states are critically dependent on the transition rates and the fitness cost of resistance. Our results demonstrate that the standard test used to identify heteroresistance is insufficient. The predictions of our models are consistent with empirical results. Our results demand a reevaluation of the definition and criteria employed to identify heteroresistance. We recommend that the definition of heteroresistance should include a consideration of the rate of return to susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce R. Levin
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA30322
- Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Atlanta, GA30322
| | - Brandon A. Berryhill
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA30322
- Program in Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA30322
| | - Teresa Gil-Gil
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA30322
| | | | | | - Jacob E. Choby
- Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Atlanta, GA30322
- Emory Vaccine Center, Atlanta, GA30322
| | - Dan I. Andersson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, UppsalaSE-75123, Sweden
| | - David S. Weiss
- Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Atlanta, GA30322
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA30322
- Georgia Emerging Infections Program, Georgia Department of Public Health, Atlanta, GA30322
| | - Fernando Baquero
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid28034, Spain
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Sajjad W, Ilahi N, Haq A, Shang Z, Nabi G, Rafiq M, Bahadur A, Banerjee A, Kang S. Bacteria populating freshly appeared supraglacial lake possess metals and antibiotic-resistant genes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118288. [PMID: 38262510 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance (AR) has been extensively studied in natural habitats and clinical applications. AR is mainly reported with the use and misuse of antibiotics; however, little is known about its presence in antibiotic-free remote supraglacial lake environments. This study evaluated bacterial strains isolated from supraglacial lake debris and meltwater in Dook Pal Glacier, northern Pakistan, for antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) and metal-tolerant genes (MTGs) using conventional PCR. Several distinct ARGs were reported in the bacterial strains isolated from lake debris (92.5%) and meltwater (100%). In lake debris, 57.5% of isolates harbored the blaTEM gene, whereas 58.3% of isolates in meltwater possessed blaTEM and qnrA each. Among the ARGs, qnrA was dominant in debris isolates (19%), whereas in meltwater isolates, qnrA (15.2%) and blaTEM (15.2%) were dominant. ARGs were widely distributed among the bacterial isolates and different bacteria shared similar types of ARGs. Relatively greater number of ARGs were reported in Gram-negative bacterial strains. In addition, 92.5% of bacterial isolates from lake debris and 83.3% of isolates from meltwater harbored MTGs. Gene copA was dominant in meltwater isolates (50%), whereas czcA was greater in debris bacterial isolates (45%). Among the MTGs, czcA (18.75%) was dominant in debris strains, whereas copA (26.0%) was greater in meltwater isolates. This presents the co-occurrence and co-selection of MTGs and ARGs in a freshly appeared supraglacial lake. The same ARGs and MTGs were present in different bacteria, exhibiting horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Both positive and negative correlations were determined between ARGs and MTGs. The research provides insights into the existence of MTGs and ARGs in bacterial strains isolated from remote supraglacial lake environments, signifying the need for a more detailed study of bacteria harboring ARGs and MTGs in supraglacial lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Sajjad
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Nikhat Ilahi
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Abdul Haq
- Peshawar Laboratories Complex, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Zhanhuan Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Ghulam Nabi
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Muhammad Rafiq
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Ali Bahadur
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Abhishek Banerjee
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shichang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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50
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Zeng JY, Li W, Su JQ, Wang YZ, Li Y, Yao H. Manure application amplified the co-selection of quaternary ammonium disinfectant and antibiotic on soil antibiotic resistome. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133792. [PMID: 38368685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Disinfectants and antibiotics are widely used for the prevention and control of bacterial infectious diseases. Frequent disinfection is thought to exacerbate antibiotic resistance. However, little is known about how disinfectants and antibiotics co-induce changes in the soil antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study determined the ARG profiles and bacterial community dynamics between unamended soil and manure-amended soil exposed to benzalkonium chloride (C12) (BC, 10 mg kg-1) disinfectant and sulfamethazine (SMZ, 1 mg kg-1), using high-throughput quantitative PCR and 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. Manure application enriched the soil in terms of ARGs abundance and diversity, which synergistically amplified the co-selection effect of BC and SMZ on soil antibiotic resistome. Compared with the control treatment, BC and SMZ exposure had a smaller impact on the bacterial infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance-related functions in manure-amended soil, in which bacterial communities with greater tolerance to antimicrobial substances were constructed. Manure application increased the proportion of rank I ARGs and potential human pathogenic bacteria, while BC and SMZ exposure increased the drug-resistant pathogens transmission risk. This study validated that BC and SMZ aggravated the antimicrobial resistance under manure application, providing a reference for managing the spread risk of antimicrobial resistance in agricultural activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Qiang Su
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Zi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaying Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun, Ningbo 315830, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiying Yao
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China.
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