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Baran B, Derua R, Janssens V, Niewiadomski P. PP2A phosphatase regulatory subunit PPP2R3C is a new positive regulator of the hedgehog signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2024; 123:111352. [PMID: 39173855 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Cellular signaling pathways rely on posttranslational modifications (PTMs) to finely regulate protein functions, particularly transcription factors. The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling cascade, crucial for embryonic development and tissue homeostasis, is susceptible to aberrations that lead to developmental anomalies and various cancers. At the core of Hh signaling are Gli proteins, whose dynamic balance between activator (GliA) and repressor (GliR) states shapes cellular outcomes. Phosphorylation, orchestrated by multiple kinases, is pivotal in regulating Gli activity. While kinases in this context have been extensively studied, the role of protein phosphatases, particularly Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A), remains less explored. This study unveils a novel role for the B″gamma subunit of PP2A, PPP2R3C, in Hh signaling regulation. PPP2R3C interacts with Gli proteins, and its disruption reduces Hedgehog pathway activity as measured by reduced expression of Gli1/2 and Hh target genes upon Hh signaling activation, and reduced growth of a Hh signaling-dependent medulloblastoma cell line. Moreover, we establish an antagonistic connection between PPP2R3C and MEKK1 kinase in Gli protein phosphorylation, underscoring the intricate interplay between kinases and phosphatases in Hh signaling pathway. This study sheds light on the previously understudied role of protein phosphatases in Hh signaling and provides insights into their significance in cellular regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brygida Baran
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Rita Derua
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation & Proteomics, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paweł Niewiadomski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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2
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Almubarak A, Zhang Q, Zhang CH, Abdelwahab N, Kume T, Lassar AB, Berry FB. FOXC1 and FOXC2 regulate growth plate chondrocyte maturation towards hypertrophy in the embryonic mouse limb skeleton. Development 2024; 151:dev202798. [PMID: 39012257 PMCID: PMC11361642 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The Forkhead box transcription factors FOXC1 and FOXC2 are expressed in condensing mesenchyme cells at the onset of endochondral ossification. We used the Prx1-cre mouse to ablate Foxc1 and Foxc2 in limb skeletal progenitor cells. Prx1-cre;Foxc1Δ/Δ;Foxc2Δ/Δ limbs were shorter than controls, with worsening phenotypes in distal structures. Cartilage formation and mineralization was severely disrupted in the paws. The radius and tibia were malformed, whereas the fibula and ulna remained unmineralized. Chondrocyte maturation was delayed, with fewer Indian hedgehog-expressing, prehypertrophic chondrocytes forming and a smaller hypertrophic chondrocyte zone. Later, progression out of chondrocyte hypertrophy was slowed, leading to an accumulation of COLX-expressing hypertrophic chondrocytes and formation of a smaller primary ossification center with fewer osteoblast progenitor cells populating this region. Targeting Foxc1 and Foxc2 in hypertrophic chondrocytes with Col10a1-cre also resulted in an expanded hypertrophic chondrocyte zone and smaller primary ossification center. Our findings suggest that FOXC1 and FOXC2 direct chondrocyte maturation towards hypertrophic chondrocyte formation. At later stages, FOXC1 and FOXC2 regulate function in hypertrophic chondrocyte remodeling to allow primary ossification center formation and osteoblast recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asra Almubarak
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Qiuwan Zhang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute at Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Cheng-Hai Zhang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute at Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Noor Abdelwahab
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Tsutomu Kume
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Andrew B. Lassar
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute at Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fred B. Berry
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
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3
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Wu Z, Li W, Jiang K, Lin Z, Qian C, Wu M, Xia Y, Li N, Zhang H, Xiao H, Bai J, Geng D. Regulation of bone homeostasis: signaling pathways and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e657. [PMID: 39049966 PMCID: PMC11266958 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
As a highly dynamic tissue, bone is continuously rebuilt throughout life. Both bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts constitute bone reconstruction homeostasis. The equilibrium of bone homeostasis is governed by many complicated signaling pathways that weave together to form an intricate network. These pathways coordinate the meticulous processes of bone formation and resorption, ensuring the structural integrity and dynamic vitality of the skeletal system. Dysregulation of the bone homeostatic regulatory signaling network contributes to the development and progression of many skeletal diseases. Significantly, imbalanced bone homeostasis further disrupts the signaling network and triggers a cascade reaction that exacerbates disease progression and engenders a deleterious cycle. Here, we summarize the influence of signaling pathways on bone homeostasis, elucidating the interplay and crosstalk among them. Additionally, we review the mechanisms underpinning bone homeostatic imbalances across diverse disease landscapes, highlighting current and prospective therapeutic targets and clinical drugs. We hope that this review will contribute to a holistic understanding of the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms sustaining bone homeostasis, which are promising to contribute to further research on bone homeostasis and shed light on the development of targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Wu
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Wenming Li
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Kunlong Jiang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Zhixiang Lin
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Chen Qian
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Mingzhou Wu
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Ning Li
- Department of OrthopedicsCentre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHMDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Haixiang Xiao
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
- Department of OrthopedicsJingjiang People's HospitalSeventh Clinical Medical School of Yangzhou UniversityJingjiangJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of OrthopedicsCentre for Leading Medicine and Advanced Technologies of IHMDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTCUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
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Zhang J, Hu W, Zou Z, Li Y, Kang F, Li J, Dong S. The role of lipid metabolism in osteoporosis: Clinical implication and cellular mechanism. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101122. [PMID: 38523674 PMCID: PMC10958717 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, researchers have become focused on the relationship between lipids and bone metabolism balance. Moreover, many diseases related to lipid metabolism disorders, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, obesity, and menopause, are associated with osteoporotic phenotypes. It has been clinically observed in humans that these lipid metabolism disorders promote changes in osteoporosis-related indicators bone mineral density and bone mass. Furthermore, similar osteoporotic phenotype changes were observed in high-fat and high-cholesterol-induced animal models. Abnormal lipid metabolism (such as increased oxidized lipids and elevated plasma cholesterol) affects bone microenvironment homeostasis via cross-organ communication, promoting differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to adipocytes, and inhibiting commitment towards osteoblasts. Moreover, disturbances in lipid metabolism affect the bone metabolism balance by promoting the secretion of cytokines such as receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand by osteoblasts and stimulating the differentiation of osteoclasts. Conclusively, this review addresses the possible link between lipid metabolism disorders and osteoporosis and elucidates the potential modulatory mechanisms and signaling pathways by which lipid metabolism affects bone metabolism balance. We also summarize the possible approaches and prospects of intervening lipid metabolism for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhi Zou
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jianmei Li
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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Liu Z, Sa G, Zhang Z, Wu Q, Zhou J, Yang X. Regulatory role of primary cilia in oral and maxillofacial development and disease. Tissue Cell 2024; 88:102389. [PMID: 38714113 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Primary cilia have versatile functions, such as receiving signals from the extracellular microenvironment, mediating signaling transduction, and transporting ciliary substances, in tissue and organ development and clinical disease pathogenesis. During early development (embryos within 10 weeks) in the oral and maxillofacial region, defects in the structure and function of primary cilia can result in severe craniofacial malformations. For example, mice with mutations in the cilia-related genes Kif3a and IFT88 exhibit midline expansion and cleft lip/palate, which occur due to abnormalities in the fusion of the single frontonasal prominence and maxillary prominences. In the subsequent development of the oral and maxillofacial region, we discussed the regulatory role of primary cilia in the development of the maxilla, mandible, Meckel cartilage, condylar cartilage, lip, tongue, and tooth, among others. Moreover, primary cilia are promising regulators in some oral and maxillofacial diseases, such as tumors and malocclusion. We also summarize the regulatory mechanisms of primary cilia in oral and maxillofacial development and related diseases, including their role in various signaling transduction pathways. For example, aplasia of submandibular glands in the Kif3a mutant mice is associated with a decrease in SHH signaling within the glands. This review summarizes the similarities and specificities of the role of primary cilia in tissue and organ development and disease progression in the oral and maxillofacial region, which is expected to contribute several ideas for the treatment of primary cilia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Guoliang Sa
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Zhuoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Qingwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China
| | - Xuewen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
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6
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Qi B, Wang Z, Cao Y, Zhao H. Study on the treatment of osteoarthritis by acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine based on pathophysiological mechanism: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37483. [PMID: 38579081 PMCID: PMC10994424 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major contributor to disability and social costs in the elderly. As the population ages and becomes increasingly obese, the incidence of the disease is higher than in previous decades. In recent years, important progress has been made in the causes and pathogenesis of OA pain. Modern medical treatment modalities mainly include the specific situation of the patient and focus on the core treatment, including self-management and education, exercise, and related weight loss. As an important part of complementary and alternative medicine, TCM has remarkable curative effect, clinical safety, and diversity of treatment methods in the treatment of OA. Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment of OA has attracted worldwide attention. Therefore, this article will study the pathophysiological mechanism of OA based on modern medicine, and explore the treatment of OA by acupuncture combined with Chinese Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Qi
- Shenzhen Baoan District Shiyan People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Shenzhen Pingshan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Shenzhen Pingshan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haishen Zhao
- Community Health Service Center of Nanhui New Town, Shanghai, China
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7
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Zhu J, Liu L, Lin R, Guo X, Yin J, Xie H, Lu Y, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Yao Z, Zhang H, Wang X, Zeng C, Cai D. RPL35 downregulated by mechanical overloading promotes chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis development via Hedgehog-Gli1 signaling. J Orthop Translat 2024; 45:226-235. [PMID: 38596341 PMCID: PMC11001632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the potential role of Ribosomal protein L35 (RPL35) in regulating chondrocyte catabolic metabolism and to examine whether osteoarthritis (OA) progression can be delayed by overexpressing RPL35 in a mouse compression loading model. Methods RNA sequencing analysis was performed on chondrocytes treated with or without 20 % elongation strain loading for 24 h. Experimental OA in mice was induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus and compression loading. Mice were randomly assigned to a sham group, an intra-articular adenovirus-mediated overexpression of the negative group, and an intra-articular adenovirus-mediated overexpression of the RPL35 operated group. The Osteoarthritis Research Society International score was used to evaluate cartilage degeneration. Immunostaining and western blot analyses were conducted to detect relative protein levels. Primary mouse chondrocytes were treated with 20 % elongation strain loading for 24 h to investigate the role of RPL35 in modulating chondrocyte catabolic metabolism and regulating cellular senescence in chondrocytes. Results The protein expression of RPL35 in mouse chondrocytes was significantly reduced when excessive mechanical loading was applied, while elevated protein levels of RPL35 protected articular chondrocytes from degeneration. In addition, the RPL35 knockdown alone induced chondrocyte senescence, decreased the expression of anabolic markers, and increased the expression of catabolic markers in vitro in part through the hedgehog (Hh) pathway. Conclusions These findings demonstrated a functional pathway important for OA development and identified intra-articular injection of RPL35 as a potential therapy for OA prevention and treatment. The translational potential of this article It is necessary to develop new targeted drugs for OA due to the limitations of conventional pharmacotherapy. Our study explores and demonstrates the protective effect of RPL35 against excessive mechanical stress in OA models in vivo and in vitro in animals. These findings might provide novel insights into OA pathogenesis and show its translational potential for OA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjian Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rengui Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongtian Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoyu Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuheng Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangjiang Wang
- Orthopedics department, Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daozhang Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, Academy of Orthopedics·Guangdong Province, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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Wang T, Li Z, Zhao S, Liu Y, Guo W, Alarcòn Rodrìguez R, Wu Y, Wei R. Characterizing hedgehog pathway features in senescence associated osteoarthritis through Integrative multi-omics and machine learning analysis. Front Genet 2024; 15:1255455. [PMID: 38444758 PMCID: PMC10912584 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1255455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of senescence and inflammation. Hedgehog's role in OA mechanisms is unclear. This study combines Bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq to identify Hedgehog-associated genes in OA, investigating their impact on the pathogenesis of OA. Materials and methods: Download and merge eight bulk-RNA seq datasets from GEO, also obtain a scRNA-seq dataset for validation and analysis. Analyze Hedgehog pathway activity in OA using bulk-RNA seq datasets. Use ten machine learning algorithms to identify important Hedgehog-associated genes, validate predictive models. Perform GSEA to investigate functional implications of identified Hedgehog-associated genes. Assess immune infiltration in OA using Cibersort and MCP-counter algorithms. Utilize ConsensusClusterPlus package to identify Hedgehog-related subgroups. Conduct WGCNA to identify key modules enriched based on Hedgehog-related subgroups. Characterization of genes by methylation and GWAS analysis. Evaluate Hedgehog pathway activity, expression of hub genes, pseudotime, and cell communication, in OA chondrocytes using scRNA-seq dataset. Validate Hedgehog-associated gene expression levels through Real-time PCR analysis. Results: The activity of the Hedgehog pathway is significantly enhanced in OA. Additionally, nine important Hedgehog-associated genes have been identified, and the predictive models built using these genes demonstrate strong predictive capabilities. GSEA analysis indicates a significant positive correlation between all seven important Hedgehog-associated genes and lysosomes. Consensus clustering reveals the presence of two hedgehog-related subgroups. In Cluster 1, Hedgehog pathway activity is significantly upregulated and associated with inflammatory pathways. WGCNA identifies that genes in the blue module are most significantly correlated with Cluster 1 and Cluster 2, as well as being involved in extracellular matrix and collagen-related pathways. Single-cell analysis confirms the significant upregulation of the Hedgehog pathway in OA, along with expression changes observed in 5 genes during putative temporal progression. Cell communication analysis suggests an association between low-scoring chondrocytes and macrophages. Conclusion: The Hedgehog pathway is significantly activated in OA and is associated with the extracellular matrix and collagen proteins. It plays a role in regulating immune cells and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Joint, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhengrui Li
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijian Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital), Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenliang Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guigang, Guangxi, China
| | | | - Yinteng Wu
- Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ruqiong Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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9
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Trompet D, Kurenkova AD, Zhou B, Li L, Dregval O, Usanova AP, Chu TL, Are A, Nedorubov AA, Kasper M, Chagin AS. Stimulation of skeletal stem cells in the growth plate promotes linear bone growth. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e165226. [PMID: 38516888 PMCID: PMC11063944 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.165226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, skeletal stem cells were shown to be present in the epiphyseal growth plate (epiphyseal skeletal stem cells, epSSCs), but their function in connection with linear bone growth remains unknown. Here, we explore the possibility that modulating the number of epSSCs can correct differences in leg length. First, we examined regulation of the number and activity of epSSCs by Hedgehog (Hh) signaling. Both systemic activation of Hh pathway with Smoothened agonist (SAG) and genetic activation of Hh pathway by Patched1 (Ptch1) ablation in Pthrp-creER Ptch1fl/fl tdTomato mice promoted proliferation of epSSCs and clonal enlargement. Transient intra-articular administration of SAG also elevated the number of epSSCs. When SAG-containing beads were implanted into the femoral secondary ossification center of 1 leg of rats, this leg was significantly longer 1 month later than the contralateral leg implanted with vehicle-containing beads, an effect that was even more pronounced 2 and 6 months after implantation. We conclude that Hh signaling activates growth plate epSSCs, which effectively leads to increased longitudinal growth of bones. This opens therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of differences in leg length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Trompet
- Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anastasiia D. Kurenkova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Baoyi Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ostap Dregval
- Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna P. Usanova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Tsz Long Chu
- Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Are
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei A. Nedorubov
- Center for Preclinical Studies, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Kasper
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrei S. Chagin
- Institute of Medicine, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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Xu J, Wu X, Zhu H, Zhu Y, Du K, Deng X, Wang C. CRP inhibits the osteoblastic differentiation of OPCs via the up-regulation of primary cilia and repression of the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Med Oncol 2024; 41:72. [PMID: 38345752 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02301-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation disrupts bone metabolism and leads to bone damage. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a typical inflammation marker. Although CRP measurement has been conducted for many decades, how osteoblastic differentiation influences molecular mechanisms remains largely unknown. The present study attempted to investigate the effects of CRP on primary cultured osteoblast precursor cells (OPCs) while elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms. OPCs were isolated from suckling Sprague-Dawleyrats. Fewer OPCs were observed after recombinant C-reactive protein treatment. In a series of experiments, CRP inhibited OPC proliferation, osteoblastic differentiation, and the OPC gene expression of the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. The inhibitory effect of CRP on OPC proliferation occurred via blockade of the G1-S transition of the cell cycle. In addition, the regulation effect of proto cilium on osteoblastic differentiation was analyzed using the bioinformatics p. This revealed the primary cilia activation of recombinant CRP effect on OPCs through in vitro experiments. A specific Sonic Hedgehog signaling agonist (SAG) rescued osteoblastic differentiation inhibited by recombinant CRP. Moreover, chloral hydrate, which removes primary cilia, inhibited the Suppressor of Fused (SUFU) formation and blocked Gli2 degradation. This counteracted osteogenesis inhibition caused by CRP. Therefore, these data depict that CRP can inhibit the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of OPCs. The underlying mechanism could be associated with primary cilia activation and Hh pathway repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiangmei Wu
- Department of Physiology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Huifang Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yinghua Zhu
- Department of Pre-Hospital Emergency, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Central Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Kailong Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaoyan Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Changdong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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11
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Wang S, Shi M, Zhang Y, Niu J, Li W, Yuan J, Cai C, Yang Y, Gao P, Guo X, Li B, Lu C, Cao G. Construction of LncRNA-Related ceRNA Networks in Longissimus Dorsi Muscle of Jinfen White Pigs at Different Developmental Stages. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:340-354. [PMID: 38248324 PMCID: PMC10814722 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of skeletal muscle in pigs might determine the quality of pork. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to play an important role in skeletal muscle growth and development. In this study, we investigated the whole transcriptome of the longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) of Jinfen White pigs at three developmental stages (1, 90, and 180 days) and performed a comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs, mRNAs, and micro-RNAs (miRNAs), aiming to find the key regulators and interaction networks in Jinfen White pigs. A total of 2638 differentially expressed mRNAs (DE mRNAs) and 982 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs) were identified. Compared with JFW_1d, there were 497 up-regulated and 698 down-regulated DE mRNAs and 212 up-regulated and 286 down-regulated DE lncRNAs in JFW_90d, respectively. In JFW_180d, there were 613 up-regulated and 895 down-regulated DE mRNAs and 184 up-regulated and 131 down-regulated DE lncRNAs compared with JFW_1d. There were 615 up-regulated and 477 down-regulated DE mRNAs and 254 up-regulated and 355 down-regulated DE lncRNAs in JFW_180d compared with JFW_90d. Compared with mRNA, lncRNA has fewer exons, fewer ORFs, and a shorter length. We performed GO and KEGG pathway functional enrichment analysis for DE mRNAs and the potential target genes of DE lncRNAs. As a result, several pathways are involved in muscle growth and development, such as the PI3K-Akt, MAPK, hedgehog, and hippo signaling pathways. These are among the pathways through which mRNA and lncRNAs function. As part of this study, bioinformatic screening was used to identify miRNAs and DE lncRNAs that could act as ceRNAs. Finally, we constructed an lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulation network containing 26 mRNAs, 7 miRNAs, and 17 lncRNAs; qRT-PCR was used to verify the key genes in these networks. Among these, XLOC_022984/miR-127/ENAH and XLOC_016847/miR-486/NRF1 may function as key ceRNA networks. In this study, we obtained transcriptomic profiles from the LDM of Jinfen White pigs at three developmental stages and screened out lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks that may provide crucial information for the further exploration of the molecular mechanisms during skeletal muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chang Lu
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, No. 1 Mingxian South Road, Taigu 030801, China; (S.W.); (M.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.N.); (W.L.); (J.Y.); (C.C.); (Y.Y.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
| | - Guoqing Cao
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, No. 1 Mingxian South Road, Taigu 030801, China; (S.W.); (M.S.); (Y.Z.); (J.N.); (W.L.); (J.Y.); (C.C.); (Y.Y.); (P.G.); (X.G.); (B.L.)
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12
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Zhao Y, Li S, Feng M, Zhang M, Liu Z, Yao Y, Zhang T, Jiang Y, Lin Y, Cai X. Effects of Puerarin-Loaded Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids on Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302326. [PMID: 37317020 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is recognized as a common refractory orthopedic disease that causes severe pain and poor quality of life in patients. Puerarin (Pue), a natural isoflavone glycoside, can promote osteogenesis and inhibit apoptosis of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), demonstrating its great potential in the treatment of osteonecrosis. However, its low aqueous solubility, fast degradation in vivo, and inadequate bioavailability, limit its clinical application and therapeutic efficacy. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) are promising novel DNA nanomaterials in drug delivery. In this study, tFNAs as Pue carriers is used and synthesized a tFNA/Pue complex (TPC) that exhibited better stability, biocompatibility, and tissue utilization than free Pue. A dexamethasone (DEX)-treated BMSC model in vitro and a methylprednisolone (MPS)-induced ONFH model in vivo is also established, to explore the regulatory effects of TPC on osteogenesis and apoptosis of BMSCs. This findings showed that TPC can restore osteogenesis dysfunction and attenuated BMSC apoptosis induced by high-dose glucocorticoids (GCs) through the hedgehog and Akt/Bcl-2 pathways, contributing to the prevention of GC-induced ONFH in rats. Thus, TPC is a promising drug for the treatment of ONFH and other osteogenesis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Songhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Maogeng Feng
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, P. R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yangxue Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Tianxu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yueying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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13
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Wu L, Liu Z, Xiao L, Ai M, Cao Y, Mao J, Song K. The Role of Gli1 + Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteogenesis of Craniofacial Bone. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1351. [PMID: 37759749 PMCID: PMC10526808 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (Gli1) is a transcriptional activator of hedgehog (Hh) signaling that regulates target gene expression and several cellular biological processes. Cell lineage tracing techniques have highlighted Gli1 as an ideal marker for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vivo. Gli1+ MSCs are critical for the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone; however, the regulatory mechanism by which Gli1+ MSCs mediate the bone development and tissue regeneration of craniofacial bone has not been systematically outlined. This review comprehensively elucidates the specific roles of Gli1+ MSCs in craniofacial bone osteogenesis. In addition to governing craniofacial bone development, Gli1+ MSCs are associated with the tissue repair of craniofacial bone under pathological conditions. Gli1+ MSCs promote intramembranous and endochondral ossification of the craniofacial bones, and assist the osteogenesis of the craniofacial bone by improving angiopoiesis. This review summarizes the novel role of Gli1+ MSCs in bone development and tissue repair in craniofacial bones, which offers new insights into bone regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laidi Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Mi Ai
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yingguang Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ke Song
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regen-Eration, Wuhan 430022, China
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14
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Carrasco ME, Thaler R, Nardocci G, Dudakovic A, van Wijnen AJ. Inhibition of Ezh2 redistributes bivalent domains within transcriptional regulators associated with WNT and Hedgehog pathways in osteoblasts. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105155. [PMID: 37572850 PMCID: PMC10506106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalent epigenomic regulatory domains containing both activating histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4me3) and repressive lysine 27 (H3K27me3) trimethylation are associated with key developmental genes. These bivalent domains repress transcription in the absence of differentiation signals but maintain regulatory genes in a poised state to allow for timely activation. Previous studies demonstrated that enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Ezh2), a histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) methyltransferase, suppresses osteogenic differentiation and that inhibition of Ezh2 enhances commitment of osteoblast progenitors in vitro and bone formation in vivo. Here, we examined the mechanistic effects of Tazemetostat (EPZ6438), an Food and Drug Administration approved Ezh2 inhibitor for epithelioid sarcoma treatment, because this drug could potentially be repurposed to stimulate osteogenesis for clinical indications. We find that Tazemetostat reduces H3K27me3 marks in bivalent domains in enhancers required for bone formation and stimulates maturation of MC3T3 preosteoblasts. Furthermore, Tazemetostat activates bivalent genes associated with the Wingless/integrated (WNT), adenylyl cyclase (cAMP), and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathways based on transcriptomic (RNA-seq) and epigenomic (chromatin immunoprecipitation [ChIP]-seq) data. Functional analyses using selective pathway inhibitors and silencing RNAs demonstrate that the WNT and Hh pathways modulate osteogenic differentiation after Ezh2 inhibition. Strikingly, we show that loss of the Hh-responsive transcriptional regulator Gli1, but not Gli2, synergizes with Tazemetostat to accelerate osteoblast differentiation. These studies establish epigenetic cooperativity of Ezh2, Hh-Gli1 signaling, and bivalent regulatory genes in suppressing osteogenesis. Our findings may have important translational ramifications for anabolic applications requiring bone mass accrual and/or reversal of bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roman Thaler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gino Nardocci
- Program in Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Research and Innovation (CIIB), Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile; IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
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15
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Yan L, Cao J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zou J, Lou B, Zhuang D, Li H. Prenatal diagnosis to identify compound heterozygous variants in PKDCC that causes rhizomelic limb shortening with dysmorphic features in a fetus from China. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:190. [PMID: 37592254 PMCID: PMC10433562 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01631-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhizomelic limb shortening with dysmorphic features (RLSDF) has already been a disorder of the rare autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia, just having a few reported cases. RLSDF is caused by protein kinase domain containing, cytoplasmic(PKDCC)gene variants. In this study, we describe the clinical features and potential RLSDF molecular etiology in a fetus from China. METHODS Genomic DNA (gDNA) extracted from the fetal muscle tissue and parents' peripheral blood was subjected to chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and trio-based whole exome sequencing (Trio-WES). The candidate pathogenic variants were verified by using Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Trio-WES identified two compound heterozygous variants in PKDCC, c.346delC (p.Pro117Argfs*113) and c.994G > T (p.Glu332Ter), inherited from the father and mother, respectively. Both variants are classified as pathogenic according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. CONCLUSIONS We reported the first prenatal case of RLSDF caused by PKDCC in the Chinese population. Our findings extended the variation spectrum of PKDCC and emphasized the necessity of WES for the early diagnosis of skeletal dysplasia and other ultrasound structural abnormalities in fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Yan
- The Central Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, China
| | - Juan Cao
- Department of Obstetrics, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- The Central Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, China
| | - Yingwen Liu
- The Central Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, China
| | - Jinghui Zou
- Department of Obstetrics, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, China
| | - Biying Lou
- Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, China
| | - Danyan Zhuang
- The Central Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, China
| | - Haibo Li
- The Central Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, China.
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16
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Pagnamenta AT, Belles RS, Salbert BA, Wentzensen IM, Guillen Sacoto MJ, Santos FJR, Caffo A, Ferla M, Banos‐Pinero B, Pawliczak K, Makvand M, Najmabadi H, Maroofian R, Lester T, Yanez‐Felix AL, Villarroel‐Cortes CE, Xia F, Al Fayez K, Al Hashem A, Shears D, Irving M, Offiah AC, Kariminejad A, Taylor JC. The prevalence and phenotypic range associated with biallelic PKDCC variants. Clin Genet 2023; 104:121-126. [PMID: 36896672 PMCID: PMC10952701 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
PKDCC encodes a component of Hedgehog signalling required for normal chondrogenesis and skeletal development. Although biallelic PKDCC variants have been implicated in rhizomelic shortening of limbs with variable dysmorphic features, this association was based on just two patients. In this study, data from the 100 000 Genomes Project was used in conjunction with exome sequencing and panel-testing results accessed via international collaboration to assemble a cohort of eight individuals from seven independent families with biallelic PKDCC variants. The allelic series included six frameshifts, a previously described splice-donor site variant and a likely pathogenic missense variant observed in two families that was supported by in silico structural modelling. Database queries suggested that the prevalence of this condition is between 1 of 127 and 1 of 721 in clinical cohorts with skeletal dysplasia of unknown aetiology. Clinical assessments, combined with data from previously published cases, indicate a predominantly upper limb involvement. Micrognathia, hypertelorism and hearing loss appear to be commonly co-occurring features. In conclusion, this study strengthens the link between biallelic inactivation of PKDCC and rhizomelic limb-shortening and will enable clinical testing laboratories to better interpret variants in this gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair T. Pagnamenta
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | | | | | | | - Francis Jeshira Reynoso Santos
- Joe DiMaggio Children's HospitalHollywoodFloridaUSA
- Division of Human GeneticsChildren's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Alesky Caffo
- Joe DiMaggio Children's HospitalHollywoodFloridaUSA
| | - Matteo Ferla
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Benito Banos‐Pinero
- Oxford Genetics LaboratoriesOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Churchill HospitalOxfordUK
| | | | - Mina Makvand
- Kariminejad‐Najmabadi Pathology & Genetics CenterTehranIran
| | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Kariminejad‐Najmabadi Pathology & Genetics CenterTehranIran
- Genetics Research CenterUniversity of Social Welfare & Rehabilitation ScienceTehranIran
| | | | - Reza Maroofian
- Department of Neuromuscular DiseasesUCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College LondonLondonUK
| | - Tracy Lester
- Oxford Genetics LaboratoriesOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, The Churchill HospitalOxfordUK
| | | | | | - Fan Xia
- Baylor GeneticsHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Khowla Al Fayez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetic and Metabolic MedicinePrince Sultan Medical Military CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Amal Al Hashem
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetic and Metabolic MedicinePrince Sultan Medical Military CityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Deborah Shears
- Oxford Centre for Genomic MedicineOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxfordUK
| | - Melita Irving
- Department of Clinical GeneticsGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Amaka C. Offiah
- Department of Oncology & MetabolismUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | | | - Jenny C. Taylor
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Centre for Human GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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17
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Ni SH, Zhang XJ, OuYang XL, Ye TC, Li J, Li Y, Sun SN, Han XW, Long WJ, Wang LJ, Yang ZQ, Lu L. Lobetyolin Alleviates Ferroptosis of Skeletal Muscle in 5/6 Nephrectomized Mice via Activation of Hedgehog-GLI1 Signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154807. [PMID: 37121057 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle wasting increases morbidity and mortality and is related to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and dialysis. It is still unclear whether ferroptosis occurs during this progression and whether it is a potential intervention target for the treatment of CKD-related muscle injury. PURPOSE The objective is to identify potential compounds for treating ferroptosis and muscle wasting and explore the potential mechanisms in vivo/in vitro. METHODS Initially, we explored whether ferroptosis is present in the skeletal muscle of 5/6 nephrectomized (NPM) mice via RNA-Seq analysis, TUNEL staining, Oil red O staining, MDA/GSH/GSSG level detection and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Subsequently, utilizing our established molecular phenotyping strategy, we screened potential traditional Chinese herb-derived compounds for alleviation of muscle wasting and ferroptosis. HE staining, Oil red O staining, TUNEL staining, immunofluorescence staining, MDA/GSH/GSSG level detection, Fe level detection, western blotting and qPCR were applied to assess the effects of the identified compound on muscle wasting and ferroptosis and explore the potential mechanism. Furthermore, RNA-Seq analysis, ChIP-Seq analysis and further experiments in vitro were performed to determine the role of Hedgehog signaling in the effect of Lobetyolin (LBT) on ferroptosis. RESULTS In NPM mice, skeletal muscle dysfunction, lipogenesis, reduced GSH/GSSG ratio, decreased GSH content, increased MDA production and and higher levels of ferroptosis markers were observed. LBT treatment (30 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg) significantly alleviates skeletal muscle injury by inhibiting ferroptosis. Additionally, in an in vitro investigation, C2C12 cells exposed to Indolyl sulfate (IS) induced ferroptosis and LBT treatment (20 μM and 50 μM) protected C2C12 from such injury, consistent with the results from the in vivo analysis. Furthermore, it was found LBT increased the levels of protein involving Hedgehog signaling pathway (SMO and GLI1), and rescue analysis revealed that this pathway played a crucial role in the regulation of ferroptosis. Further experiments demonstrated that LBT upregulated a series of suppressors of ferroptosis by activating Gli1 transcription. CONCLUSION LBT alleviates CKD-induced muscle injury by inhibiting ferroptosis through activation of the Hedgehog signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hao Ni
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province 510407, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province 510407, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Lu OuYang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province 510407, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Tao-Chun Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Jin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province 510407, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Yue Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province 510407, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Shu-Ning Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province 510407, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province 510407, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Wen-Jie Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China
| | - Ling-Jun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province 510407, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China.
| | - Zhong-Qi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province 510407, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China; University Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangdong Province 510407, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510407, China.
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18
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Lu W, Zheng C, Zhang H, Cheng P, Miao S, Wang H, He T, Fan J, Hu Y, Liu H, Jia L, Hao X, Luo Z, Xu J, Jie Q, Yang L. Hedgehog signaling regulates bone homeostasis through orchestrating osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast-osteoblast coupling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:171. [PMID: 37261512 PMCID: PMC11071711 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04821-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Imbalance of bone homeostasis induces bone degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays critical roles in regulating the development of limb and joint. However, its unique role in bone homeostasis remained largely unknown. Here, we found that canonical Hh signaling pathway was gradually augmented during osteoclast differentiation. Genetic inactivation of Hh signaling in osteoclasts, using Ctsk-Cre;Smof/f conditional knockout mice, disrupted both osteoclast formation and subsequent osteoclast-osteoblast coupling. Concordantly, either Hh signaling inhibitors or Smo/Gli2 knockdown stunted in vitro osteoclast formation. Mechanistically, Hh signaling positively regulated osteoclast differentiation via transactivation of Traf6 and stabilization of TRAF6 protein. Then, we identified connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) as an Hh-regulatory bone formation-stimulating factor derived from osteoclasts, whose loss played a causative role in osteopenia seen in CKO mice. In line with this, recombinant CTGF exerted mitigating effects against ovariectomy induced bone loss, supporting a potential extension of local rCTGF treatment to osteoporotic diseases. Collectively, our findings firstly demonstrate that Hh signaling, which dictates osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast-osteoblast coupling by regulating TRAF6 and CTGF, is crucial for maintaining bone homeostasis, shedding mechanistic and therapeutic insights into the realm of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguang Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongyang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengzhen Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Hospital, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Research Center for Skeletal Developmental Deformity and Injury Repair, College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sheng Miao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huanbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting He
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaqian Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - He Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liyuan Jia
- Research Center for Skeletal Developmental Deformity and Injury Repair, College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue Hao
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Hospital, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Qiang Jie
- Pediatric Orthopaedic Hospital, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
- Research Center for Skeletal Developmental Deformity and Injury Repair, College of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Skeletal Deformity and Injury of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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19
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Almubarak A, Zhang Q, Zhang CH, Lassar AB, Kume T, Berry FB. Foxc1 and Foxc2 function in osteochondral progenitors for the progression through chondrocyte hypertrophy and mineralization of the primary ossification center. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.26.538325. [PMID: 37162896 PMCID: PMC10168324 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.26.538325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The forkhead box transcription factor genes Foxc1 and Foxc2 are expressed in the condensing mesenchyme of the developing skeleton prior to the onset of chondrocyte differentiation. To determine the roles of these transcription factors in limb development we deleted both Foxc1 and Foxc2 in lateral plate mesoderm using the Prx1-cre mouse line. Resulting compound homozygous mice died shortly after birth with exencephaly, and malformations to this sternum and limb skeleton. Notably distal limb structures were preferentially affected, with the autopods displaying reduced or absent mineralization. The radius and tibia bowed and the ulna and fibula were reduced to an unmineralized rudimentary structure. Molecular analysis revealed reduced expression of Ihh leading to reduced proliferation and delayed chondrocyte hypertrophy at E14.5. At later ages, Prx1-cre;Foxc1Δ/ Δ;Foxc2 Δ / Δ embryos exhibited restored Ihh expression and an expanded COLX-positive hypertrophic chondrocyte region, indicating a delayed exit and impaired remodeling of the hypertrophic chondrocytes. Osteoblast differentiation and mineralization were disrupted at the osteochondral junction and in the primary ossification center (POC). Levels of OSTEOPONTIN were elevated in the POC of compound homozygous mutants, while expression of Phex was reduced, indicating that impaired OPN processing by PHEX may underlie the mineralization defect we observe. Together our findings suggest that Foxc1 and Foxc2 act at different stages of endochondral ossification. Initially these genes act during the onset of chondrogenesis leading to the formation of hypertrophic chondrocytes. At later stages Foxc1 and Foxc2 are required for remodeling of HC and for Phex expression required for mineralization of the POC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asra Almubarak
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Qiuwan Zhang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute at Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA. 02115
| | - Cheng-Hai Zhang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute at Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA. 02115
| | - Andrew B. Lassar
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute at Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA. 02115
| | - Tsutomu Kume
- Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Fred B Berry
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton AB, Canada
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20
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Ji ML, Li Z, Hu XY, Zhang WT, Zhang HX, Lu J. Dynamic chromatin accessibility tuning by the long noncoding RNA ELDR accelerates chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:606-624. [PMID: 36868238 PMCID: PMC10119164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic reprogramming plays a critical role in chondrocyte senescence during osteoarthritis (OA) pathology, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, using large-scale individual datasets and genetically engineered (Col2a1-CreERT2;Eldrflox/flox and Col2a1-CreERT2;ROSA26-LSL-Eldr+/+ knockin) mouse models, we show that a novel transcript of long noncoding RNA ELDR is essential for the development of chondrocyte senescence. ELDR is highly expressed in chondrocytes and cartilage tissues of OA. Mechanistically, exon 4 of ELDR physically mediates a complex consisting of hnRNPL and KAT6A to regulate histone modifications of the promoter region of IHH, thereby activating hedgehog signaling and promoting chondrocyte senescence. Therapeutically, GapmeR-mediated silencing of ELDR in the OA model substantially attenuates chondrocyte senescence and cartilage degradation. Clinically, ELDR knockdown in cartilage explants from OA-affected individuals decreased the expression of senescence markers and catabolic mediators. Taken together, these findings uncover an lncRNA-dependent epigenetic driver in chondrocyte senescence, highlighting that ELDR could be a promising therapeutic avenue for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Liang Ji
- The Center of Joint and Sports Medicine, Orthopedics Department, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhuang Li
- The Center of Joint and Sports Medicine, Orthopedics Department, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Yue Hu
- The Center of Joint and Sports Medicine, Orthopedics Department, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Tuo Zhang
- The Center of Joint and Sports Medicine, Orthopedics Department, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai Xiang Zhang
- The Center of Joint and Sports Medicine, Orthopedics Department, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Lu
- The Center of Joint and Sports Medicine, Orthopedics Department, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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21
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Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: Pathogenic Mechanisms Involving the Cartilage and Subchondral Bone, and Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Joint Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010171. [PMID: 36613615 PMCID: PMC9820477 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a specialized synovial joint that is crucial for the movement and function of the jaw. TMJ osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is the result of disc dislocation, trauma, functional overburden, and developmental anomalies. TMJ OA affects all joint structures, including the articular cartilage, synovium, subchondral bone, capsule, ligaments, periarticular muscles, and sensory nerves that innervate the tissues. The present review aimed to illustrate the main pathomechanisms involving cartilage and bone changes in TMJ OA and some therapeutic options that have shown potential restorative properties regarding these joint structures in vivo. Chondrocyte loss, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and subchondral bone remodeling are important factors in TMJ OA. The subchondral bone actively participates in TMJ OA through an abnormal bone remodeling initially characterized by a loss of bone mass, followed by reparative mechanisms that lead to stiffness and thickening of the condylar osteochondral interface. In recent years, such therapies as intraarticular platelet-rich plasma (PRP), hyaluronic acid (HA), and mesenchymal stem cell-based treatment (MSCs) have shown promising results with respect to the regeneration of joint structures or the protection against further damage in TMJ OA. Nevertheless, PRP and MSCs are more frequently associated with cartilage and/or bone repair than HA. According to recent findings, the latter could enhance the restorative potential of other therapies (PRP, MSCs) when used in combination, rather than repair TMJ structures by itself. TMJ OA is a complex disease in which degenerative changes in the cartilage and bone develop through intricate mechanisms. The regenerative potential of such therapies as PRP, MSCs, and HA regarding the cartilage and subchondral bone (alone or in various combinations) in TMJ OA remains a matter of further research, with studies sometimes obtaining discrepant results.
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22
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Ghuloum FI, Johnson CA, Riobo-Del Galdo NA, Amer MH. From mesenchymal niches to engineered in vitro model systems: Exploring and exploiting biomechanical regulation of vertebrate hedgehog signalling. Mater Today Bio 2022; 17:100502. [PMID: 36457847 PMCID: PMC9707069 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue patterning is the result of complex interactions between transcriptional programs and various mechanical cues that modulate cell behaviour and drive morphogenesis. Vertebrate Hedgehog signalling plays key roles in embryogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis, and is central to skeletal development and the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. The expression of several components of the Hedgehog signalling pathway have been reported to be mechanically regulated in mesodermal tissue patterning and osteogenic differentiation in response to external stimulation. Since a number of bone developmental defects and skeletal diseases, such as osteoporosis, are directly linked to aberrant Hedgehog signalling, a better knowledge of the regulation of Hedgehog signalling in the mechanosensitive bone marrow-residing mesenchymal stromal cells will present novel avenues for modelling these diseases and uncover novel opportunities for extracellular matrix-targeted therapies. In this review, we present a brief overview of the key molecular players involved in Hedgehog signalling and the basic concepts of mechanobiology, with a focus on bone development and regeneration. We also highlight the correlation between the activation of the Hedgehog signalling pathway in response to mechanical cues and osteogenesis in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Finally, we propose different tissue engineering strategies to apply the expanding knowledge of 3D material-cell interactions in the modulation of Hedgehog signalling in vitro for fundamental and translational research applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatmah I. Ghuloum
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Colin A. Johnson
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Natalia A. Riobo-Del Galdo
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Mahetab H. Amer
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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23
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Cong L, Jiang P, Wang H, Huang L, Wu G, Che X, Wang C, Li P, Duan Q, Guo X, Li P. MiR-1 is a critical regulator of chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy by inhibiting Indian hedgehog pathway during postnatal endochondral ossification in miR-1 overexpression transgenic mice. Bone 2022; 165:116566. [PMID: 36152943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Endochondral bone formation from the growth plate plays a critical role in vertebrate limb development and skeletal homeostasis. Although miR-1 is mainly expressed in the hypertrophic region of the growth plate during this process, its role in the endochondral bone formation is unknown. To elucidate the role of miR-1 in cartilage development, chondrocyte-specific transgenic mice with high expression of miR-1 were generated (Col2a1-Cre-ERT2-GFPfl/fl-RFP-miR-1). Transgenic mice showed short limbs and delayed formation of secondary ossification centers. In the tibia growth plate of miR-1-overexpressing transgenic mice, the chondrocytes in the proliferative zone were disorganized and their proliferation decreased, and the ColX, MMP-13 and Indian Hedgehog (IHH) in chondrocytes showed a downward trend, resulting in decreased terminal differentiation in the hypertrophic zone. In addition, the apoptosis index caspase-3 also showed a downward trend in the tibia growth plate. It was concluded that miR-1 overexpression affects chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophic differentiation, and apoptosis, thereby delaying the formation of secondary ossification centers and leading to short limbs. It was also verified that miR-1 affects endochondral ossification through the IHH pathway. The above results suggest that miR-1 overexpression can affect endochondral osteogenesis by inhibiting chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophic differentiation, and apoptosis, thus causing limb hypoplasia in mice. This work gives potential for new therapeutic directions and insights for the treatment of dwarf-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Cong
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Pinpin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lingan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Gaige Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xianda Che
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Penghua Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fenyang Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Fenyang, Shanxi, China
| | - Qianqian Duan
- Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xing Guo
- Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Pengcui Li
- Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
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24
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Andreev D, Kachler K, Schett G, Bozec A. Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoimmunology: The adverse impact of a deregulated immune system on bone metabolism. Bone 2022; 162:116468. [PMID: 35688359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The term osteoimmunology describes an interdisciplinary research field that links the investigation of osteology (bone cells) with immunology. The crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune cells and cells involved in bone remodeling, mainly bone-resorbing osteoclasts and bone-forming osteoblasts, becomes particularly obvious in the inflammatory autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Besides striking inflammation of the joints, RA causes bone loss, leading to joint damage and disabilities as well as generalized osteoporosis. Mechanistically, RA-associated immune cells (macrophages, T cells, B cells etc.) produce high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and autoantibodies that promote bone degradation and at the same time counteract new bone formation. Today, antirheumatic therapy effectively ceases joint inflammation and arrests bone erosion. However, the repair of established bone lesions still presents a challenging task and requires improved treatment options. In this review, we outline the knowledge gained over the past years about the immunopathogenesis of RA and the impact of a dysregulated immune system on bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darja Andreev
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Katerina Kachler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany.
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25
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The Emerging Role of Cell Transdifferentiation in Skeletal Development and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115974. [PMID: 35682655 PMCID: PMC9180549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The vertebrate musculoskeletal system is known to be formed by mesenchymal stem cells condensing into tissue elements, which then differentiate into cartilage, bone, tendon/ligament, and muscle cells. These lineage-committed cells mature into end-stage differentiated cells, like hypertrophic chondrocytes and osteocytes, which are expected to expire and to be replaced by newly differentiated cells arising from the same lineage pathway. However, there is emerging evidence of the role of cell transdifferentiation in bone development and disease. Although the concept of cell transdifferentiation is not new, a breakthrough in cell lineage tracing allowed scientists to trace cell fates in vivo. Using this powerful tool, new theories have been established: (1) hypertrophic chondrocytes can transdifferentiate into bone cells during endochondral bone formation, fracture repair, and some bone diseases, and (2) tendon cells, beyond their conventional role in joint movement, directly participate in normal bone and cartilage formation, and ectopic ossification. The goal of this review is to obtain a better understanding of the key roles of cell transdifferentiation in skeletal development and diseases. We will first review the transdifferentiation of chondrocytes to bone cells during endochondral bone formation. Specifically, we will include the history of the debate on the fate of chondrocytes during bone formation, the key findings obtained in recent years on the critical factors and molecules that regulate this cell fate change, and the role of chondrocyte transdifferentiation in skeletal trauma and diseases. In addition, we will also summarize the latest discoveries on the novel roles of tendon cells and adipocytes on skeletal formation and diseases.
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Hedgehog signaling orchestrates cartilage-to-bone transition independently of Smoothened. Matrix Biol 2022; 110:76-90. [PMID: 35472633 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Although recent lineage studies strongly support a chondrocyte-to-osteoblast differentiation continuum, the biological significance and molecular basis remain undetermined. In silico analysis at a single-cell level indicates a transient shutdown of Hedgehog-related transcriptome during simulated cartilage-to-bone transition. Prompted by this, we genetically induce gain- and loss-of function to probe the role of Hedgehog signaling in cartilage-to-bone transition. Ablating Smo in hypertrophic chondrocytes (HCs) does not result in any phenotypic outcome, whereas deleting Ptch1 in HCs leads to disrupted formation of primary spongiosa and actively proliferating HCs-derived osteogenic cells that contribute to bony bulges seen in adult mutant mice. In HCs-derived osteoblasts, constitutive activation of Hedgehog signaling blocks their further differentiation to osteocytes. Moreover, ablation of both Smo and Ptch1 in HCs reverses neither persistent Hedgehog signaling nor bone overgrowths. These results establish a functional contribution of extended chondrocyte lineage to bone homeostasis and diseases, governed by an unanticipated mode of regulation for Hedgehog signaling independently of Smo.
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Wu QF, Liu HH, Yang QL, Pu FJ, Wei B, Wang LY, Li JP, Hu B, Hu JW, Zhang RP, Han CC, He H, Kang B, Xu HY, Hu SQ, Wang JW, Liang L. Influence of light supplement on duck sternal calcification from integrated analysis of metabolome and transcriptome. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101697. [PMID: 35176705 PMCID: PMC8851249 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcification of bones is the critical process of bone development in birds, which is very important for sustaining the normal biological function of bones. Light is one of the vital factors affecting bone development, but whether light intensity affects bone calcification and the underlying mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we used duck sternum as a model to analyze the calcification process under different light regimes. In addition, the underlying mechanism was also illustrated by integrating metabolomics and transcriptome methods. The experiment lasted from 14 to 51 d of duck age. The control group (LP1) kept light intensity 2 lx during the whole experiment. The two light supplement groups (LP2, LP3) were given light with the intensity of 70 lx at different time (14-29 d for LP2, 14-43 d for LP3). Samples were collected at 52 d of duck age. Sternal calcification analysis showed no significant difference in proportion of area of cartilage matrix and trabecular bone in keel tissue among the 3 groups, but the degree of keel calcification in LP3 was higher than in the other 2 groups. Serum metabolomics showed 32 and 28 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in the 2 comparison groups, LP1 vs. LP3 and LP1 vs. LP2, respectively. Carboxylic acids and derivatives were the most abundant among the DAMs. Sternal transcriptome analysis showed 231 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 177 upregulated genes and 54 downregulated genes in group LP1 vs. LP3, and 22 DEGs in group LP1 vs. LP2. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis on DEGs between LP1 and LP3 showed that genes BTRC, GLI1, BMP4, and FOS were in the core position of the interaction network, and are also involved in bone development. KEGG pathway analysis of DAMs and DEGs showed that differences in Hedgehog signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, apoptosis, energy metabolism, and amino acid metabolism following light treatment seem likely to have contributed to the observed difference in calcification of duck sternum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q F Wu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - H H Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Q L Yang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - F J Pu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - B Wei
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - L Y Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - J P Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - B Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - J W Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - R P Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - C C Han
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - H He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - B Kang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - H Y Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - S Q Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - J W Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - L Liang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Senescence-Associated Cell Transition and Interaction (SACTAI): A Proposed Mechanism for Tissue Aging, Repair, and Degeneration. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071089. [PMID: 35406653 PMCID: PMC8997723 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a broad process that occurs as a time-dependent functional decline and tissue degeneration in living organisms. On a smaller scale, aging also exists within organs, tissues, and cells. As the smallest functional unit in living organisms, cells “age” by reaching senescence where proliferation stops. Such cellular senescence is achieved through replicative stress, telomere erosion and stem cell exhaustion. It has been shown that cellular senescence is key to tissue degradation and cell death in aging-related diseases (ARD). However, senescent cells constitute only a small percentage of total cells in the body, and they are resistant to death during aging. This suggests that ARD may involve interaction of senescent cells with non-senescent cells, resulting in senescence-triggered death of non-senescent somatic cells and tissue degeneration in aging organs. Here, based on recent research evidence from our laboratory and others, we propose a mechanism—Senescence-Associated Cell Transition and Interaction (SACTAI)—to explain how cell heterogeneity arises during aging and how the interaction between somatic cells and senescent cells, some of which are derived from aging somatic cells, results in cell death and tissue degeneration.
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Smith AE, Sigurbjörnsdóttir ES, Steingrímsson E, Sigurbjörnsdóttir S. Hedgehog signalling in bone and osteoarthritis: the role of Smoothened and cholesterol. FEBS J 2022. [PMID: 35305060 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hedgehog signalling is essential for development, crucial for normal anatomical arrangement and activated during tissue damage repair. Dysregulation of hedgehog signalling is associated with cancer, developmental disorders and other diseases including osteoarthritis (OA). The hedgehog gene was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, and the pathway is evolutionarily conserved in most animals. Although there are several hedgehog ligands with different protein expression patterns, they share a common plasma membrane receptor, Patched1 and hedgehog signalling pathway activation is transduced through the G-protein-coupled receptor-like protein Smoothened (SMO) and downstream effectors. Functional assays revealed that activation of SMO is dependent on sterol binding, and cholesterol was observed bound to SMO in crystallography experiments. In vertebrates, hedgehog signalling coordinates endochondral ossification and balances osteoblast and osteoclast activation to maintain homeostasis. A recently discovered mutation of SMO in humans (SMOR173C ) is predicted to alter cholesterol binding and is associated with a higher risk of hip OA. Functional studies in mice and human tissue analysis provide evidence that hedgehog signalling is pathologically activated in chondrocytes of osteoarthritic cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbi Elise Smith
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Elín Sóley Sigurbjörnsdóttir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eiríkur Steingrímsson
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Sara Sigurbjörnsdóttir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, BioMedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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GSK-3β suppression upregulates Gli1 to alleviate osteogenesis inhibition in titanium nanoparticle-induced osteolysis. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:148. [PMID: 35305665 PMCID: PMC8934501 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wear particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis (PPO) have become a major reason of joint arthroplasty failure and secondary surgery following joint arthroplasty and thus pose a severe threat to global public health. Therefore, determining how to effectively suppress particle-induced PPO has become an urgent problem. The pathological mechanism involved in the PPO signaling cascade is still unclear. Recently, the interaction between osteogenic inhibition and wear particles at the implant biological interface, which has received increasing attention, has been revealed as an important factor in pathological process. Additionally, Hedgehog (Hh)-Gli1 is a crucial signaling cascade which was regulated by multiple factors in numerous physiological and pathological process. It was revealed to exert a crucial part during embryonic bone development and metabolism. However, whether Hh-Gli1 is involved in wear particle-induced osteogenic inhibition in PPO remains unknown. Our present study explored the mechanism by which the Hh-Gli1 signaling cascade regulates titanium (Ti) nanoparticle-induced osteolysis. We found that Hh-Gli1 signaling was dramatically downregulated upon Ti particle treatment. Mechanistically, glycogen synthesis kinase 3β (GSK-3β) activation was significantly increased in Ti particle-induced osteogenic inhibition via changes in GSK-3β phosphorylation level and was found to participate in the posttranslational modification and degradation of the key transcription factor Gli1, thus decreasing the accumulation of Gli1 and its translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Collectively, these findings suggest that the Hh-Gli1 signaling cascade utilizes a GSK3β-mediated mechanism and may serve as a rational new therapeutic target against nanoparticle-induced PPO.
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Thomas S, Jaganathan BG. Signaling network regulating osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Commun Signal 2022; 16:47-61. [PMID: 34236594 PMCID: PMC8688675 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-021-00635-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis is an important developmental event that results in bone formation. Bone forming cells or osteoblasts develop from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through a highly controlled process regulated by several signaling pathways. The osteogenic lineage commitment of MSCs is controlled by cell-cell interactions, paracrine factors, mechanical signals, hormones, and cytokines present in their niche, which activate a plethora of signaling molecules belonging to bone morphogenetic proteins, Wnt, Hedgehog, and Notch signaling. These signaling pathways individually as well as in coordination with other signaling molecules, regulate the osteogenic lineage commitment of MSCs by activating several osteo-lineage specific transcription factors. Here, we discuss the key signaling pathways that regulate osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and the cross-talk between them during osteogenic differentiation. We also discuss how these signaling pathways can be modified for therapy for bone repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Thomas
- Stem Cells and Cancer Biology Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Bithiah Grace Jaganathan
- Stem Cells and Cancer Biology Research Group, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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Shi X, Cen Y, Shan L, Tian L, Zhu E, Yuan H, Li X, Liu Y, Wang B. N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 suppresses osteoblast differentiation through inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:53. [PMID: 35120575 PMCID: PMC8817551 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02714-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) plays a role in a variety of biological processes including differentiation of osteoclasts. However, it is not known if and how NDRG1 regulates osteogenic differentiation of marrow stromal progenitor cells. Methods Gene expression profiling analysis was performed to study the expression level of Ndrg1 during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Gain-of-function and/or loss-of function experiments were carried out to study the role of NDRG1 in the proliferation and differentiation of marrow stromal progenitor cells and the mechanism underlying the function was investigated. Finally, in vivo transfection of Ndrg1 siRNA was done and its effect on osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation in mice was explored. Results Gene expression profiling analysis revealed that NDRG1 level was regulated during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of progenitor cells. The functional experiments demonstrated that NDRG1 negatively regulated the cell growth, and reciprocally modulated the osteogenic and adipogenic commitment of marrow stromal progenitor cells, driving the cells to differentiate toward adipocytes at the expense of osteoblast differentiation. Moreover, NDRG1 interacted with low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) in the stromal progenitor cells and inactivated the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade. Furthermore, the impaired differentiation of progenitor cells induced by Ndrg1 siRNA could be attenuated when β-catenin was simultaneously silenced. Finally, in vivo transfection of Ndrg1 siRNA to the marrow of mice prevented the inactivation of canonical Wnt signaling in the BMSCs of ovariectomized mice, and ameliorated the reduction of osteoblasts on the trabeculae and increase of fat accumulation in the marrow observed in the ovariectomized mice. Conclusion This study has provided evidences that NDRG1 plays a role in reciprocally modulating osteogenic and adipogenic commitment of marrow stromal progenitor cells through inactivating canonical Wnt signaling. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02714-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Shi
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development and Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.,College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yunzhu Cen
- Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Liying Shan
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development and Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Lijie Tian
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development and Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Endong Zhu
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development and Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Hairui Yuan
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development and Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Baoli Wang
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development and Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
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Microstructural and histomorphological features of osteophytes in late-stage human knee osteoarthritis with varus deformity. Joint Bone Spine 2022; 89:105353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2022.105353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Young DA, Barter MJ, Soul J. Osteoarthritis year in review: genetics, genomics, epigenetics. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:216-225. [PMID: 34774787 PMCID: PMC8811265 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this review, we have highlighted the advances over the past year in genetics, genomics and epigenetics in the field of osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS A literature search of PubMed was performed using the criteria: "osteoarthritis" and one of the following terms "genetic(s), genomic(s), epigenetic(s), polymorphism, noncoding ribonucleic acid (RNA), microRNA, long noncoding RNA, lncRNA, circular RNA, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), single cell sequencing, transcriptomics, or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation between April 01, 2020 and April 30, 2021. RESULTS In total we identified 765 unique publications, which eventually reduced to 380 of relevance to the field as judged by two assessors. Many of these studies included multiple search terms. We summarised advances relating to genetics, functional genetics, genomics and epigenetics, focusing on our personal key papers during the year. CONCLUSIONS This year few studies have identified new genetic variants contributing to OA susceptibility, but a focus has been on refining risk loci or their functional validation. The use of new technologies together with investigating the cross-talk between multiple tissue types, greater sample sizes and/or better patient classification (OA subtypes) will continue to increase our knowledge of disease mechanisms and progress towards understanding and treating OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Young
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK.
| | - M J Barter
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - J Soul
- Skeletal Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
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Chen M, Shan L, Gan Y, Tian L, Zhou J, Zhu E, Yuan H, Li X, Wang B. Metastasis suppressor 1 controls osteoblast differentiation and bone homeostasis through regulating Src-Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:107. [PMID: 35094173 PMCID: PMC11072310 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04147-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1) plays an inhibitory role in tumorigenesis and metastasis of a variety of cancers. To date, the function of MTSS1 in the differentiation of marrow stromal progenitor cells remains to be explored. In the current study, we investigated whether and how MTSS1 has a role in osteoblast differentiation and bone homeostasis. Our data showed that MTSS1 mRNA was upregulated during osteoblast differentiation and downregulated in the osteoblastic lineage cells of ovariectomized and aged mice. Functional studies revealed that MTSS1 promoted the osteogenic differentiation from marrow stromal progenitor cells. Mechanistic explorations uncovered that the inactivation of Src and afterward activation of canonical Wnt signaling were involved in osteoblast differentiation induced by MTSS1. The enhanced osteogenic differentiation induced by MTSS1 overexpression was attenuated when Src was simultaneously overexpressed, and conversely, the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation by MTSS1 siRNA was rescued when the Src inhibitor was supplemented to the culture. Finally, the in vivo transfection of MTSS1 siRNA to the marrow of mice significantly reduced the trabecular bone mass, along with the reduction of trabecular osteoblasts, the accumulation of marrow adipocytes, and the increase of phospho-Src-positive cells on the trabeculae. No change in the number of osteoclasts was observed. This study has unraveled that MTSS1 contributes to osteoblast differentiation and bone homeostasis through regulating Src-Wnt/β-catenin signaling. It also suggests the potential of MTSS1 as a new target for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 6 Huan-Rui-Bei Road, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Liying Shan
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 6 Huan-Rui-Bei Road, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Ying Gan
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 6 Huan-Rui-Bei Road, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Lijie Tian
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 6 Huan-Rui-Bei Road, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 6 Huan-Rui-Bei Road, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Endong Zhu
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 6 Huan-Rui-Bei Road, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Hairui Yuan
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 6 Huan-Rui-Bei Road, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Baoli Wang
- NHC Key Lab of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Lab of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, 6 Huan-Rui-Bei Road, Tianjin, 300134, China.
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Lu K, Ma F, Yi D, Yu H, Tong L, Chen D. Molecular signaling in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. J Orthop Translat 2022; 32:21-27. [PMID: 35591935 PMCID: PMC9072795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of TMJ disorders with clinical symptoms of pain, movement limitation, cartilage degeneration and joint dysfunction. This review article is aiming to summarize recent findings on signaling pathways involved in TMJ OA development and progression. Methods Most recent findings in TMJ OA studies have been reviewed and cited. Results TMJ OA is caused by inflammation, abnormal mechanical loading and genetic abnormalities. The molecular mechanisms related to TMJ OA have been determined using different genetic mouse models. Recent studies demonstrated that several signaling pathways are involved in TMJ OA pathology, including Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and BMP, Indian Hedgehog, FGF, NF-κB, and Notch pathways, which are summarized in this review article. Alterations of these signaling pathways lead to the pathological changes in TMJ tissues, affecting cartilage matrix degradation, catabolic metabolism and chondrocyte apoptosis. Conclusion Multiple signaling pathways were involved in the pathological process of TMJ OA. New therapeutic strategies, such as stem cell application, gene editing and other techniques may be utilized for TMJ OA treatment. The translational potential of this article TMJ OA is a most important subtype of TMJ disorders and may lead to substantial joint pain, dysfunction, dental malocclusion, and reduced health-related quality of life. This review article summarized current findings of signaling pathways involved in TMJ OA, including Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β and BMP, Indian Hedgehog, FGF, NF-κB, and Notch pathways, to better understand the pathological mechanisms of TMJ OA and define the molecular targets for TMJ OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Feng Ma
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) UMR_S 1166, Faculty of Medicine Pitié-Salpétrière, Sorbonne University, 91, bd de l’Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Dan Yi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liping Tong
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Di Chen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Corresponding author. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China.
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Yamaguchi H, Kitami M, Uchima Koecklin KH, He L, Wang J, Lagor WR, Perrien DS, Komatsu Y. Temporospatial regulation of intraflagellar transport is required for the endochondral ossification in mice. Dev Biol 2021; 482:91-100. [PMID: 34929174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ciliogenic components, such as the family of intraflagellar transport (IFT) proteins, are recognized to play key roles in endochondral ossification, a critical process to form most bones. However, the unique functions and roles of each IFT during endochondral ossification remain unclear. Here, we show that IFT20 is required for endochondral ossification in mice. Utilizing osteo-chondrocyte lineage-specific Cre mice (Prx1-Cre and Col2-Cre), we deleted Ift20 to examine its function. Although chondrocyte-specific Ift20 deletion with Col2-Cre mice did not cause any overt skeletal defects, mesoderm-specific Ift20 deletion using Prx1-Cre (Ift20:Prx1-Cre) mice resulted in shortened limb outgrowth. Primary cilia were absent on chondrocytes of Ift20:Prx1-Cre mice, and ciliary-mediated Hedgehog signaling was attenuated in Ift20:Prx1-Cre mice. Interestingly, loss of Ift20 also increased Fgf18 expression in the perichondrium that sustained Sox9 expression, thus preventing endochondral ossification. Inhibition of enhanced phospho-ERK1/2 activation partially rescued defective chondrogenesis in Ift20 mutant cells, supporting an important role for FGF signaling. Our findings demonstrate that IFT20 is a critical regulator of temporospatial FGF signaling that is required for endochondral ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Megumi Kitami
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Li He
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - William R Lagor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daniel S Perrien
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30232, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Komatsu
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics & Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UTHealth, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Zhou H, Zhang L, Chen Y, Zhu CH, Chen FM, Li A. Research progress on the hedgehog signalling pathway in regulating bone formation and homeostasis. Cell Prolif 2021; 55:e13162. [PMID: 34918401 PMCID: PMC8780935 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone formation is a complex regeneration process that was regulated by many signalling pathways, such as Wnt, Notch, BMP and Hedgehog (Hh). All of these signalling have been demonstrated to participate in the bone repair process. In particular, one promising signalling pathway involved in bone formation and homeostasis is the Hh pathway. According to present knowledge, Hh signalling plays a vital role in the development of various tissues and organs in the embryo. In adults, the dysregulation of Hh signalling has been verified to be involved in bone‐related diseases in terms of osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and bone fracture; and during the repair processes, Hh signalling could be reactivated and further modulate bone formation. In this chapter, we summarize our current understanding on the function of Hh signalling in bone formation and homeostasis. Additionally, the current therapeutic strategies targeting this cascade to coordinate and mediate the osteogenesis process have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chun-Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Periodontology, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Purwar N, Tiwari P, Mathur N, Sharma H, Sahlot R, Garg U, Sharma B, Saxena A, Mathur SK. Higher CNV Frequencies in Chromosome 14 of Girls With Turner Syndrome Phenotype. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e4935-e4955. [PMID: 34333639 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Precise genotype-phenotype correlations in Turner syndrome (TS) have not yet been deciphered. The chromosomal basis of the clinical TS phenotype in the absence of X chromosome aberrations on conventional karyotyping remains more and less unexplored. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the high-resolution chromosomal picture and analyze the genotype-phenotype associations in girls with clinical phenotype of TS by chromosomal microarray. DESIGN AND PATIENTS Cross sectional observational study conducted between October 2018 and January 2020 on 47 girls presenting the clinical TS phenotype and fulfilling the criteria for chromosomal analysis. SETTING Outpatient department at Department of Endocrinology and the Molecular Research Lab at tertiary care teaching institution. RESULTS The copy number variation (CNV) polymorphs were more frequent on autosomes than X chromosomes, and they were detected in 89.3%, 61.7%, and 92.8% of patients, respectively, on chromosome 14 or X or both. A total 445 and 64 CNV polymorphs were discovered on chromosome X and 14, respectively. The latter exhibited either gain at 14q32.33, loss at 14q11.2, or both. Karyotype was available for 27 patients; 55.6% of cases displayed X chromosome abnormalities while 44.4% cases had a normal karyotype. Functional interactomes of the genes that were present in chromosome 14 CNVs and those known to be associated with TS showed an overlap of 67% and enriched various development-related cellular pathways underlying TS phenotype. CONCLUSIONS On high-resolution karyotype analysis, clinical phenotype of TS can be associated with CNV defects in autosomes, specifically chromosome 14 or X chromosome or both. The syndrome of chromosome 14 CNV defects with and without X-chromosomal defects clinically mimics TS and shares a common genomic network that deserves further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naincy Purwar
- Department of Endocrinology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - Pradeep Tiwari
- Department of Endocrinology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur 302004, India
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | - Nitish Mathur
- Department of Endocrinology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - Himanshu Sharma
- Department of Endocrinology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - Rahul Sahlot
- Department of Endocrinology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - Umesh Garg
- Department of Endocrinology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - Balram Sharma
- Department of Endocrinology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur 302004, India
| | - Aditya Saxena
- Department of Computer Engineering & Applications, Institute of Engineering & Technology, GLA University, Mathura, India
| | - Sandeep K Mathur
- Department of Endocrinology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur 302004, India
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40
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Feng M, Liu W, Ding J, Qiu Y, Chen Q. Sonic Hedgehog Induces Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype and Chondrocyte Apoptosis in Human Osteoarthritic Cartilage. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:716610. [PMID: 34646822 PMCID: PMC8502980 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.716610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (HH) signaling plays a critical role in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis, but the molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. We show here that Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) gene expression is initiated in human normal cartilage stromal cells (NCSC) and increased in OA cartilage mesenchymal stromal cells (OA-MSCs) during aging. Manifesting a reciprocal cellular distribution pattern, the SHH receptors PTCH1 and SMO and transcription factors GLI2 and GLI3 are expressed by chondrocytes (OAC) in OA cartilage. SHH autocrine treatment of osteoarthritis MSC stimulates proliferation, chondrogenesis, hypertrophy, and replicative senescence with elevated SASP gene expression including IL1B, IL6, CXCL1, and CXCL8. SHH paracrine treatment of OAC suppresses COL2A1, stimulates MMP13, and induces chondrocyte apoptosis. The OA-MSC conditioned medium recapitulates the stimulatory effects of SHH on OAC catabolism and apoptosis. SHH knock-down in OA-MSC not only inhibits catabolic and senescence marker expression in OA-MSC, but also abolishes the effect of the OA-MSC conditioned medium on OAC catabolism and apoptosis. We propose that SHH is a key mediator between OA-MSC and OA chondrocytes interaction in human OA cartilage via two mechanisms: (1) SHH mediates MSC growth and aging by activating not only its proliferation and chondrogenesis, but also low-grade inflammation and replicative senescence, and (2) SHH mediates OA-MSC-induced OAC catabolism and apoptosis by creating a pro-inflammatory microenvironment favoring tissue degeneration during OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Wenguang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jing Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Yusheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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41
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Boer CG, Hatzikotoulas K, Southam L, Stefánsdóttir L, Zhang Y, Coutinho de Almeida R, Wu TT, Zheng J, Hartley A, Teder-Laving M, Skogholt AH, Terao C, Zengini E, Alexiadis G, Barysenka A, Bjornsdottir G, Gabrielsen ME, Gilly A, Ingvarsson T, Johnsen MB, Jonsson H, Kloppenburg M, Luetge A, Lund SH, Mägi R, Mangino M, Nelissen RRGHH, Shivakumar M, Steinberg J, Takuwa H, Thomas LF, Tuerlings M, Babis GC, Cheung JPY, Kang JH, Kraft P, Lietman SA, Samartzis D, Slagboom PE, Stefansson K, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tobias JH, Uitterlinden AG, Winsvold B, Zwart JA, Davey Smith G, Sham PC, Thorleifsson G, Gaunt TR, Morris AP, Valdes AM, Tsezou A, Cheah KSE, Ikegawa S, Hveem K, Esko T, Wilkinson JM, Meulenbelt I, Lee MTM, van Meurs JBJ, Styrkársdóttir U, Zeggini E. Deciphering osteoarthritis genetics across 826,690 individuals from 9 populations. Cell 2021; 184:4784-4818.e17. [PMID: 34450027 PMCID: PMC8459317 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis affects over 300 million people worldwide. Here, we conduct a genome-wide association study meta-analysis across 826,690 individuals (177,517 with osteoarthritis) and identify 100 independently associated risk variants across 11 osteoarthritis phenotypes, 52 of which have not been associated with the disease before. We report thumb and spine osteoarthritis risk variants and identify differences in genetic effects between weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing joints. We identify sex-specific and early age-at-onset osteoarthritis risk loci. We integrate functional genomics data from primary patient tissues (including articular cartilage, subchondral bone, and osteophytic cartilage) and identify high-confidence effector genes. We provide evidence for genetic correlation with phenotypes related to pain, the main disease symptom, and identify likely causal genes linked to neuronal processes. Our results provide insights into key molecular players in disease processes and highlight attractive drug targets to accelerate translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy G Boer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Medical Center, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Konstantinos Hatzikotoulas
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lorraine Southam
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Yanfei Zhang
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Postzone S05-P Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tian T Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - April Hartley
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translation Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Maris Teder-Laving
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anne Heidi Skogholt
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Chikashi Terao
- Laboratory for Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Eleni Zengini
- 4(th) Psychiatric Department, Dromokaiteio Psychiatric Hospital, 12461 Athens, Greece
| | - George Alexiadis
- 1(st) Department of Orthopaedics, KAT General Hospital, 14561 Athens, Greece
| | - Andrei Barysenka
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Maiken E Gabrielsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arthur Gilly
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thorvaldur Ingvarsson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akureyri Hospital, 600 Akureyri, Iceland
| | - Marianne B Johnsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway; Research and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Helgi Jonsson
- Department of Medicine, Landspitali The National University Hospital of Iceland, 108 Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Margreet Kloppenburg
- Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 9600, 23OORC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Almut Luetge
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Massimo Mangino
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Rob R G H H Nelissen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, 9600, 23OORC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Manu Shivakumar
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Julia Steinberg
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, NSW 1340, Australia
| | - Hiroshi Takuwa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shimane University, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Laurent F Thomas
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; BioCore-Bioinformatics Core Facility, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Margo Tuerlings
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Postzone S05-P Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - George C Babis
- 2(nd) Department of Orthopaedics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Nea Ionia General Hospital Konstantopouleio, 14233 Athens, Greece
| | - Jason Pui Yin Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jae Hee Kang
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Steven A Lietman
- Musculoskeletal Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA
| | - Dino Samartzis
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Postzone S05-P Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen Inc., 102 Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen Inc., 102 Reykjavik, Iceland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jonathan H Tobias
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translation Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Medical Center, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bendik Winsvold
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway; Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - John-Anker Zwart
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0450 Oslo, Norway
| | - George Davey Smith
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Pak Chung Sham
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Tom R Gaunt
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9LJ, UK
| | - Ana M Valdes
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Aspasia Tsezou
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa 411 10, Greece
| | - Kathryn S E Cheah
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; HUNT Research Center, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - J Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism and Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Section Molecular Epidemiology, Postzone S05-P Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ming Ta Michael Lee
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA 17822, USA; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 115 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Medical Center, 3015CN Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Eleftheria Zeggini
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich and Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany.
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42
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SLITRK5 is a negative regulator of hedgehog signaling in osteoblasts. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4611. [PMID: 34326333 PMCID: PMC8322311 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24819-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog signaling is essential for bone formation, including functioning as a means for the growth plate to drive skeletal mineralization. However, the mechanisms regulating hedgehog signaling specifically in bone-forming osteoblasts are largely unknown. Here, we identified SLIT and NTRK-like protein-5(Slitrk5), a transmembrane protein with few identified functions, as a negative regulator of hedgehog signaling in osteoblasts. Slitrk5 is selectively expressed in osteoblasts and loss of Slitrk5 enhanced osteoblast differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Loss of SLITRK5 in vitro leads to increased hedgehog signaling and overexpression of SLITRK5 in osteoblasts inhibits the induction of targets downstream of hedgehog signaling. Mechanistically, SLITRK5 binds to hedgehog ligands via its extracellular domain and interacts with PTCH1 via its intracellular domain. SLITRK5 is present in the primary cilium, and loss of SLITRK5 enhances SMO ciliary enrichment upon SHH stimulation. Thus, SLITRK5 is a negative regulator of hedgehog signaling in osteoblasts that may be attractive as a therapeutic target to enhance bone formation.
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43
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Wang W, Yan T, Guo W, Niu J, Zhao Z, Sun K, Zhang H, Yu Y, Ren T. Constitutive GLI1 expression in chondrosarcoma is regulated by major vault protein via mTOR/S6K1 signaling cascade. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2221-2237. [PMID: 33637972 PMCID: PMC8257592 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog signaling plays a pivotal role in embryonic pattern formation and diverse aspects of the postnatal biological process. Perturbation of the hedgehog pathway and overexpression of GLI1, a downstream transcription factor in the hedgehog pathway, are highly relevant to several malignancies including chondrosarcoma (CS). We previously found that knocking down expression of GLI1 attenuates the disrupted Indian hedgehog (IHH) signal pathway and suppresses cell survival in human CS cells. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating the expression of GLI1 are still unknown. Here, we demonstrated the implication of GLI1 in SMO-independent pathways in CS cells. A GLI1 binding protein, major vault protein (MVP), was identified using the affinity purification method. MVP promoted the nuclear transport and stabilization of GLI1 by compromising the binding affinity of GLI1 with suppressor of fused homolog (SUFU) and increased GLI1 expression via mTOR/S6K1 signaling cascade. Functionally, knockdown of MVP suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis. Simultaneous inhibition of MVP and GLI1 strongly inhibits the growth of CS in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, IHC results showed that MVP, GLI1, and P-p70S6K1 were highly expressed and positively correlated with each other in 71 human CS tissues. Overall, our findings revealed a novel regulating mechanism for HH-independent GLI1 expression and provide a rationale for combination therapy in patients with advanced CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Taiqiang Yan
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianfang Niu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqing Zhao
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Kunkun Sun
- Department of Pathology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyang Yu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Ren
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
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Nan K, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Li D, Zhao Y, Jing Z, Liu K, Shang D, Geng Z, Fan L. Exosomes from miRNA-378-modified adipose-derived stem cells prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by enhancing angiogenesis and osteogenesis via targeting miR-378 negatively regulated suppressor of fused (Sufu). Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:331. [PMID: 34099038 PMCID: PMC8186190 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02390-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Local ischemia and defective osteogenesis are implicated in the progression of glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Recent studies have revealed that exosomes released from adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) play important roles in ONFH therapy. The present study aimed to investigate whether exosomes derived from miR-378-overexpressing ASCs (miR-378-ASCs-Exos) could promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis in GC-induced ONFH. Methods In vitro, we investigated the osteogenic potential of miR-378-ASCs-Exos on bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) by alkaline phosphatase staining and western blotting. The angiogenic effects of miR-378-ASCs-Exos on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were examined by evaluating their proliferation, migration, and tube-forming analyses. We identified the underlying mechanisms of miR-378 in osteogenic and angiogenic regulation. In addition, an ONFH rat model was established to explore the effects of miR-378-ASCs-Exos through histological and immunohistochemical staining and micro-CT in vivo. Results Administration of miR-378-ASCs-Exos improved the osteogenic and angiogenic potentials of BMSCs and HUVECs. miR-378 negatively regulated the suppressor of fused (Sufu) and activated Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway, and recombinant Sufu protein reduced the effects triggered by miR-378-ASCs-Exos. In vivo experiments indicated that miR-378-ASCs-Exos markedly accelerated bone regeneration and angiogenesis, which inhibited the progression of ONFH. Conclusion Our study indicated that miR-378-ASCs-Exos enhances osteogenesis and angiogenesis by targeting Sufu to upregulate the Shh signaling pathway, thereby attenuating GC-induced ONFH development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Nan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuankai Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaopu Jing
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Donglong Shang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilong Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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Hamushan M, Cai W, Zhang Y, Ren Z, Du J, Zhang S, Zhao C, Cheng P, Zhang X, Shen H, Han P. High-purity magnesium pin enhances bone consolidation in distraction osteogenesis via regulating Ptch protein activating Hedgehog-alternative Wnt signaling. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:1563-1574. [PMID: 33294734 PMCID: PMC7691121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium alloys are promising biomaterials for orthopedic implants because of their degradability, osteogenic effects, and biocompatibility. Magnesium has been proven to promote distraction osteogenesis. However, its mechanism of promoting distraction osteogenesis is not thoroughly studied. In this work, a high-purity magnesium pin developed and applied in rat femur distraction osteogenesis. Mechanical test, radiological and histological analysis suggested that high-purity magnesium pin can promote distraction osteogenesis and shorten the consolidation time. Further RNA sequencing investigation found that alternative Wnt signaling was activated. In further bioinformatics analysis, it was found that the Hedgehog pathway is the upstream signaling pathway of the alternative Wnt pathway. We found that Ptch protein is a potential target of magnesium and verified by molecular dynamics that magnesium ions can bind to Ptch protein. In conclusion, HP Mg implants have the potential to enhance bone consolidation in the DO application, and this process might be via regulating Ptch protein activating Hedgehog-alternative Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musha Hamushan
- Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Weijie Cai
- Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yubo Zhang
- Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zun Ren
- Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jiafei Du
- Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Shaoxiang Zhang
- Suzhou Origin Medical Technology Co. Ltd, Suzhou, 215513, China
| | - Changli Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pengfei Cheng
- Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiaonong Zhang
- Suzhou Origin Medical Technology Co. Ltd, Suzhou, 215513, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Pei Han
- Orthopaedic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
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Wu X, Wang X, Shan L, Zhou J, Zhang X, Zhu E, Yuan H, Wang B. High-mobility group AT-Hook 1 mediates the role of nuclear factor I/X in osteogenic differentiation through activating canonical Wnt signaling. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:1349-1361. [PMID: 34028135 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
It was previously reported that the loss of the transcription factor nuclear factor I/X (NFIX) gene in mice impaired endochondral ossification and mineralization in bone. However, the cellular and molecular basis for the defect remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated if and how NFIX regulates osteoblast differentiation. Nfix mRNA was induced during osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of progenitor cells. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies revealed that NFIX induced osteoblast differentiation and impaired adipocyte formation from progenitor cells. RNA-seq and promoter analysis revealed that NFIX transcriptionally stimulated the expression of high-mobility group AT-Hook 1 (HMGA1). We then demonstrated that HMGA1 stimulated osteogenic differentiation of progenitor cells at the expense of adipogenic differentiation. The effect of Nfix siRNA on the differentiation of progenitor cells could be attenuated when HMGA1 was simultaneously overexpressed. Further investigations revealed the stimulatory effect of NFIX and HMGA1 on canonical wingless-type MMTV integration site family (Wnt) signaling. HMGA1 transcriptionally activates the expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5. Finally, in vivo transfection of Nfix siRNA to the marrow of mice reduced osteoblasts and increased fat accumulation in the marrow, and inactivated HMGA1/β-catenin signaling in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. This study suggests that HMGA1 plays a role in osteoblast commitment and mediates the function of NFIX through transcriptionally activating canonical Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Liying Shan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Endong Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairui Yuan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoli Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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Mellis D, Staines KA, Peluso S, Georgiou IC, Dora N, Kubiak M, van’t Hof R, Grillo M, Farquharson C, Kinsella E, Thornburn A, Ralston SH, Salter DM, Riobo-Del Galdo NA, Hill RE, Ditzel M. Ubiquitin-protein ligase Ubr5 cooperates with hedgehog signalling to promote skeletal tissue homeostasis. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009275. [PMID: 33819267 PMCID: PMC8057592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian Hedgehog (HH) signalling pathway plays an essential role in tissue homeostasis and its deregulation is linked to rheumatological disorders. UBR5 is the mammalian homologue of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Hyd, a negative regulator of the Hh-pathway in Drosophila. To investigate a possible role of UBR5 in regulation of the musculoskeletal system through modulation of mammalian HH signaling, we created a mouse model for specific loss of Ubr5 function in limb bud mesenchyme. Our findings revealed a role for UBR5 in maintaining cartilage homeostasis and suppressing metaplasia. Ubr5 loss of function resulted in progressive and dramatic articular cartilage degradation, enlarged, abnormally shaped sesamoid bones and extensive heterotopic tissue metaplasia linked to calcification of tendons and ossification of synovium. Genetic suppression of smoothened (Smo), a key mediator of HH signalling, dramatically enhanced the Ubr5 mutant phenotype. Analysis of HH signalling in both mouse and cell model systems revealed that loss of Ubr5 stimulated canonical HH-signalling while also increasing PKA activity. In addition, human osteoarthritic samples revealed similar correlations between UBR5 expression, canonical HH signalling and PKA activity markers. Our studies identified a crucial function for the Ubr5 gene in the maintenance of skeletal tissue homeostasis and an unexpected mode of regulation of the HH signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Mellis
- Edinburgh CRUK Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Katherine A. Staines
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Peluso
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ioanna Ch. Georgiou
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Dora
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Malgorzata Kubiak
- Edinburgh CRUK Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rob van’t Hof
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Michela Grillo
- Edinburgh CRUK Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Farquharson
- Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Kinsella
- Edinburgh CRUK Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Thornburn
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart H. Ralston
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Donald M. Salter
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia A. Riobo-Del Galdo
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Robert E. Hill
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Ditzel
- Edinburgh CRUK Cancer Research Centre, MRC Institute for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Gilbert MC, Tetrault E, Packard M, Navon D, Albertson RC. Ciliary Rootlet Coiled-Coil 2 (crocc2) Is Associated with Evolutionary Divergence and Plasticity of Cichlid Jaw Shape. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:3078-3092. [PMID: 33720362 PMCID: PMC8321518 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cichlid fishes exhibit rapid, extensive, and replicative adaptive radiation in feeding morphology. Plasticity of the cichlid jaw has also been well documented, and this combination of iterative evolution and developmental plasticity has led to the proposition that the cichlid feeding apparatus represents a morphological "flexible stem." Under this scenario, the fixation of environmentally sensitive genetic variation drives evolutionary divergence along a phenotypic axis established by the initial plastic response. Thus, if plasticity is predictable then so too should be the evolutionary response. We set out to explore these ideas at the molecular level by identifying genes that underlie both the evolution and plasticity of the cichlid jaw. As a first step, we fine-mapped an environment-specific quantitative trait loci for lower jaw shape in cichlids, and identified a nonsynonymous mutation in the ciliary rootlet coiled-coil 2 (crocc2), which encodes a major structural component of the primary cilium. Given that primary cilia play key roles in skeletal mechanosensing, we reasoned that this gene may confer its effects by regulating the sensitivity of bone to respond to mechanical input. Using both cichlids and zebrafish, we confirmed this prediction through a series of experiments targeting multiple levels of biological organization. Taken together, our results implicate crocc2 as a novel mediator of bone formation, plasticity, and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Gilbert
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Emily Tetrault
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Mary Packard
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Dina Navon
- Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - R Craig Albertson
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to differentiate into several cell types when exposed to determined substances, including oxysterols. Oxysterols are cholesterol products derived from its auto-oxidation by reactive species or from enzymatic action. They are present in the body in low quantities under physiological conditions and exhibit several physiological and pharmacological actions according to both the types of oxysterol and tissue. Some of them are cytotoxic while others have been shown to promote cell differentiation through the action on several different receptors, such as nuclear LXR receptors and Smoothened receptor ligands. Here, we review the main pathways by which oxysterols have been associated with cell differentiation and death of mesenchymal stem cells.
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50
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Role of Metabolism in Bone Development and Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238992. [PMID: 33256181 PMCID: PMC7729585 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are the underlying energy sources for animals and are catabolized through specific biochemical cascades involving numerous enzymes. The catabolites and metabolites in these metabolic pathways are crucial for many cellular functions; therefore, an imbalance and/or dysregulation of these pathways causes cellular dysfunction, resulting in various metabolic diseases. Bone, a highly mineralized organ that serves as a skeleton of the body, undergoes continuous active turnover, which is required for the maintenance of healthy bony components through the deposition and resorption of bone matrix and minerals. This highly coordinated event is regulated throughout life by bone cells such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes, and requires synchronized activities from different metabolic pathways. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of the cellular metabolism involved in bone development and homeostasis, as revealed by mouse genetic studies.
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