1
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Zhang J, Ma J, Li S, Ma Y. Prostate cancer burden in major BRICS countries, 1990-2019: findings from the 2019 global burden of disease study. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024:00008469-990000000-00140. [PMID: 38595139 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed prostate cancer burden and trends in major BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) from 1990 to 2019. METHODS Utilizing Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 data, we calculated age-standardized rates for prostate cancer incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Joinpoint regression analysis determined the average annual percentage change (AAPC) for trend characterization. RESULTS Prostate cancer ranked highest in China for incidence, prevalence, mortality, and DALYs. In 2019, Brazil had the highest age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) [55.029 (95% UI: 47.744-81.831)] and age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) [372.511 (95% UI: 327.549-549.128)], while South Africa recorded the highest age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) [42.241 (95% UI: 32.146-47.933)], and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) [666.085 (95% UI: 522.626-764.612)]. ASIR and ASPR increased significantly over three decades (AAPC > 0), with varying ASMR and ASDR trends. CONCLUSION Prostate cancer poses a significant public health challenge. While incidence and prevalence rise, mortality declines in China, India, and Brazil. Tailored health policies are crucial to address diverse disease burden characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
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2
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Saha A, Kolonin MG, DiGiovanni J. Obesity and prostate cancer - microenvironmental roles of adipose tissue. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:579-596. [PMID: 37198266 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is known to have important roles in driving prostate cancer aggressiveness and increased mortality. Multiple mechanisms have been postulated for these clinical observations, including effects of diet and lifestyle, systemic changes in energy balance and hormonal regulation and activation of signalling by growth factors and cytokines and other components of the immune system. Over the past decade, research on obesity has shifted towards investigating the role of peri-prostatic white adipose tissue as an important source of locally produced factors that stimulate prostate cancer progression. Cells that comprise white adipose tissue, the adipocytes and their progenitor adipose stromal cells (ASCs), which proliferate to accommodate white adipose tissue expansion in obesity, have been identified as important drivers of obesity-associated cancer progression. Accumulating evidence suggests that adipocytes are a source of lipids that are used by adjacent prostate cancer cells. However, results of preclinical studies indicate that ASCs promote tumour growth by remodelling extracellular matrix and supporting neovascularization, contributing to the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition through paracrine signalling. Because epithelial-mesenchymal transition is associated with cancer chemotherapy resistance and metastasis, ASCs are considered to be potential targets of therapies that could be developed to suppress cancer aggressiveness in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achinto Saha
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Dell Paediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Center for Molecular Carcinogenesis and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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3
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Jeong SH, Kim HH, Park MY, Bhosale PB, Abusaliya A, Won CK, Park KI, Kim E, Heo JD, Kim HW, Ahn M, Seong JK, Kim GS. Flavones: The Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer of Three Flavones Selected as Therapeutic Candidate Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119240. [PMID: 37298192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a widespread but dangerous disease that can strike anyone and is the second 1leading cause of death worldwide. Prostate cancer, in particular, is a prevalent cancer that occurs in men, and much research is being done on its treatment. Although chemical drugs are effective, they have various side effects, and accordingly, anticancer drugs using natural products are emerging. To date, many natural candidates have been discovered, and new drugs are being developed as drugs to treat prostate cancer. Representative candidate compounds that have been studied to be effective in prostate cancer include apigenin, acacetin and tangeretin of the flavone family among flavonoids. In this review, we look at the effects of these three flavones on prostate cancer cells via apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, in addition to the existing drugs, we suggest the three flavones and their effectiveness as natural anticancer agents, a treatment model for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hyo Jeong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Hwan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Park
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Pritam Bhagwan Bhosale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Abuyaseer Abusaliya
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung Kil Won
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Il Park
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhye Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Doo Heo
- Biological Resources Research Group, Gyeongnam Department of Environment Toxicology and Chemistry, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 17 Jegok-gil, Jinju 52834, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Kim
- Division of Animal Bioscience & Integrated Biotechnology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Meejung Ahn
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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4
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Zhang M, Dai X, Chen G, Jin X, Zhao Y, Mei K, Wu Z, Huang H. Analysis of the distribution characteristics of prostate cancer and its environmental factors in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:29349-29368. [PMID: 36417068 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24266-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The high incidence and mortality and the increasing trend of prostate cancer has been one of the public health issues in many countries and regions. Meanwhile, the spatio-temporal heterogeneity of prostate cancer implies that lifestyle and ecological changes may be associated with prostate cancer, however, sufficient evidence is still lacking. This paper tried to reveal the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of prostate cancer in China and explore the potential associations with related socioeconomic and natural condition factors. Data on prostate cancer incidence and mortality in 182 counties (districts) in mainland China from 2014-2016 were collected, and the distribution characteristics of prostate cancer were analyzed using spatiotemporal scan statistic. Spatial regression models and geodetector method were used to analyze the potential associations between meteorological conditions, socioeconomic development, and prostate cancer incidence and mortality. SaTScan, GeoDa, and GeoDetector were used for the above statistical analyses. The high-risk clusters for prostate cancer incidence and mortality were located in southeastern China, and the low-risk clusters were located in north-central China. Spatial regression models showed that the number of industrial enterprises/km2 (incidence: β = 0.322, P < 0.001; mortality: β = 0.179, P < 0.001), GDP (incidence:β = 0.553, P < 0.001; mortality: β = 0.324, P < 0.001), number of beds in medical and health institutions/1000 persons (incidence: β = 0.111, P = 0.005; mortality: β = 0.068, P = 0.021), and urbanization rate (incidence: β = 0.156, P < 0.001; mortality: β = 0.100, P < 0.001) were positively associated with the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer. The urbanization rate (incidence: q = 0.185, P < 0.001; mortality: q = 0.182, P < 0.001) has the greatest explanatory power, and the interaction of all factors was bivariate enhanced or nonlinearly enhanced. The distribution of prostate cancer in China has obvious spatial heterogeneity. The incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer are on the rise, and special plans should be formulated in each region according to local conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xuchao Dai
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xueke Jin
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yuhua Zhao
- School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Kun Mei
- School of Geography Science and Geomatics Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Research Center for Healthy China, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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5
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Bosland MC, Schlicht MJ, Deng Y, Lü J. Effect of Dietary Methylseleninic Acid and Se-Methylselenocysteine on Carcinogen-Induced, Androgen-Promoted Prostate Carcinogenesis in Rats. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:3761-3768. [PMID: 35762420 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2093387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Selenomethionine (SeMet) did not prevent prostate cancer in the SELECT trial and in two hormone-driven rat models. However, we have shown that daily oral bolus administration of next-generation selenium forms, methylseleninic acid (MSeA) and Se-methylselenocysteine (MSeC) at 3 mg Se/kg body weight, inhibits prostate carcinogenesis in the TRAMP and pten-deficient mouse models and In Vivo growth of human prostate cancer cells. Here, we determined whether these Se forms prevent prostate cancer in a chemically induced-androgen promoted carcinogenesis rat model in which SeMet was not preventive. WU rats were treated with methylnitrosourea, and one week later, slow-release testosterone implants when they were randomized to groups fed AIN-93M diet supplemented with 3 ppm selenium as MSeA or MSeC or control diet. Mean survival, tumor incidence in all accessory sex glands combined (dorsolateral and anterior prostate plus seminal vesicle) and the incidence of tumors confined to dorsolateral and/or anterior prostate were not statistically significantly different among the groups. Thus, MSeA and MSeC feeding was not preventive in this model. The contrast with the inhibitory effects of MSeA and MSeC in mouse models may be due to differences in carcinogenic mechanisms, selenium dosage, delivery mode, and pharmacokinetics or fundamental rat-mouse differences in selenium metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten C Bosland
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael J Schlicht
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yibin Deng
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Junxuan Lü
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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6
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Sato H, Narita S, Ishida M, Takahashi Y, Mingguo H, Kashima S, Yamamoto R, Koizumi A, Nara T, Numakura K, Saito M, Yoshioka T, Habuchi T. Specific Gut Microbial Environment in Lard Diet-Induced Prostate Cancer Development and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042214. [PMID: 35216332 PMCID: PMC8878430 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lard diet (LD) is a risk factor for prostate cancer (PCa) development and progression. Two immunocompetent mouse models fed with isocaloric specific fat diets (LD) enriched in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid (SMFA), showed significanftly enhanced PCa progression with weight gain compared with a fish oil diet (FOD). High gut microbial divergency resulted from difference in diets, and the abundance of several bacterial species, such as in the orders Clostridiales and Lactobacillales, was markedly altered in the feces of LD- or FOD-fed mice. The proportion of the order Lactobacillales in the gut was negatively involved in SMFA-induced body weight gain and PCa progression. We found the modulation of lipid metabolism and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways with three and seven commonly up- and downregulated genes in PCa tissues, and some of them correlated with the abundance of the order Lactobacillales in mouse gut. The expression of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2, which is associated with the order Lactobacillales and cancer progression in mouse models, was inversely associated with aggressive phenotype and weight gain in patients with PCa using the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus database. Therefore, SMFA may promote PCa progression with the abundance of specific gut microbial species and overexpression of lipogenic genes in PCa. Therapeutics with alteration of gut microbiota and candidate genes involved in diet-induced PCa progression may be attractive in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Sato
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Shintaro Narita
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-18-884-6154
| | - Masanori Ishida
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Yoshiko Takahashi
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Huang Mingguo
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Soki Kashima
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Ryohei Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Atsushi Koizumi
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Taketoshi Nara
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Kazuyuki Numakura
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
| | - Toshiaki Yoshioka
- Field of Basic Science, Department of Occupational Therapy, Akita University Graduate School of Health Science, Akita 010-8543, Japan;
| | - Tomonori Habuchi
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan; (H.S.); (M.I.); (Y.T.); (H.M.); (S.K.); (R.Y.); (A.K.); (T.N.); (K.N.); (M.S.); (T.H.)
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7
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Network models of prostate cancer immune microenvironments identify ROMO1 as heterogeneity and prognostic marker. Sci Rep 2022; 12:192. [PMID: 34996995 PMCID: PMC8741951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03946-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the fifth leading cause of death from cancer in men worldwide. Its treatment remains challenging due to the heterogeneity of the tumor, mainly because of the lack of effective and targeted prognostic markers at the system biology level. First, the data were retrieved from TCGA dataset, and valid samples were obtained by consistent clustering and principal component analysis; next, key genes were analyzed for prognosis of PCa using WGCNA, MEGENA, and LASSO Cox regression model analysis, while key genes were screened based on disease-free survival significance. Finally, TIMER data were selected to explore the relationship between genes and tumor immune infiltration, and GSCAlite was used to explore the small-molecule targeted drugs that act with them. Here, we used tumor subtype analysis and an energetic co-expression network algorithm of WGCNA and MEGENA to identify a signal dominated by the ROMO1 to predict PCa prognosis. Cox regression analysis of ROMO1 was an independent influence, and the prognostic value of this biomarker was validated in the training set, the validated data itself, and external data, respectively. This biomarker correlates with tumor immune infiltration and has a high degree of infiltration, poor prognosis, and strong correlation with CD8+T cells. Gene function annotation and other analyses also implied a potential molecular mechanism for ROMO1. In conclusion, we putative ROMO1 as a portal key prognostic gene for the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa, which provides new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of PCa.
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8
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Wang F, Wang C, Xia H, Lin Y, Zhang D, Yin P, Yao S. Burden of Prostate Cancer in China, 1990-2019: Findings From the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:853623. [PMID: 35692392 PMCID: PMC9175004 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.853623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study is the first to illustrate the age and geographic distribution differences in the epidemiology of prostate cancer from 1990 to 2019 in China. Prostate cancer (PC) is a malignant tumor derived from prostate epithelial cells and is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men. In recent years, the global incidence and the annual deaths number of PC showed a continuous increase, which has caused a huge disease burden on human health. In terms of the global average, the incidence and mortality of PC in China are relatively low. However, the age-standardized incidence rate of PC was 17.3/100,000 in 2019 in China, with a 95.2% rise compared to 1990, while the global growth rate of incidence rate over the same period is 13.2%. This showed that the development trend of PC in China is not optimistic. There are few precise studies on the epidemiology of PC in China. After the general analysis strategy used in the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we elaborated on the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and the corresponding age-standardized rate of the Chinese PC population from 1990 to 2019 according to different ages and provinces. We used joinpoint regression analysis to estimate the incidence and mortality trends. Our analysis shows that elderly people over 80 are still the main focus of incidence and death. The epidemiology and disease burden of PC of different provinces in China show obvious regional differences, and some certain provinces such as HongKong, Macao, and Zhejiang should be paid more attention. More targeted and effective strategies should be developed to reduce the burden of PC in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuquan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haifa Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dingyu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Dingyu Zhang, ; Shanglong Yao, ; Peng Yin,
| | - Peng Yin
- National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Dingyu Zhang, ; Shanglong Yao, ; Peng Yin,
| | - Shanglong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Dingyu Zhang, ; Shanglong Yao, ; Peng Yin,
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9
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Johar D, Elmehrath AO, Khalil RM, Elberry MH, Zaky S, Shalabi SA, Bernstein LH. Protein networks linking Warburg and reverse Warburg effects to cancer cell metabolism. Biofactors 2021; 47:713-728. [PMID: 34453457 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It was 80 years after the Otto Warburg discovery of aerobic glycolysis, a major hallmark in the understanding of cancer. The Warburg effect is the preference of cancer cell for glycolysis that produces lactate even when sufficient oxygen is provided. "reverse Warburg effect" refers to the interstitial tissue communications with adjacent epithelium, that in the process of carcinogenesis, is needed to be explored. Among these cell-cell communications, the contact between epithelial cells; between epithelial cells and matrix; and between fibroblasts and inflammatory cells in the underlying matrix. Cancer involves dysregulation of Warburg and reverse Warburg cellular metabolic pathways. How these gene and protein-based regulatory mechanisms have functioned has been the basis for this review. The importance of the Warburg in oxidative phosphorylation suppression, with increased glycolysis in cancer growth and proliferation is emphasized. Studies that are directed at pathways that would be expected to shift cell metabolism to an increased oxidation and to a decrease in glycolysis are emphasized. Key enzymes required for oxidative phosphorylation, and affect the inhibition of fatty acid metabolism and glutamine dependence are conferred. The findings are of special interest to cancer pharmacotherapy. Studies described in this review are concerned with the effects of therapeutic modalities that are intimately related to the Warburg effect. These interactions described may be helpful as adjuvant therapy in controlling the process of proliferation and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Johar
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Women for Arts, Sciences and Education, Ain Shams University, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Rania M Khalil
- Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacy College, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Mostafa H Elberry
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samy Zaky
- Hepatogastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samy A Shalabi
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Consultant Pathologist, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Larry H Bernstein
- Emeritus Prof. Department of Pathology, Yale University, Connecticut, USA
- Triplex Consulting Pharmaceuticals, 54 Firethorn Lane Northampton, MA 01060, USA
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10
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Banerjee A, Mukherjee S, Maji BK. Worldwide flavor enhancer monosodium glutamate combined with high lipid diet provokes metabolic alterations and systemic anomalies: An overview. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:938-961. [PMID: 34026558 PMCID: PMC8120859 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavor enhancing high lipid diet acts as silent killer. Monosodium glutamate mixed with high lipid diet alters redox-status. Monosodium glutamate mixed with high lipid diet induces systemic anomalies.
In this fast-food era, people depend on ready-made foods and engage in minimal physical activities that ultimately change their food habits. Majorities of such foods have harmful effects on human health due to higher percentages of saturated fatty acids, trans-fatty acids, and hydrogenated fats in the form of high lipid diet (HLD). Moreover, food manufacturers add monosodium glutamate (MSG) to enhance the taste and palatability of the HLD. Both MSG and HLD induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thereby alter the redox-homeostasis to cause systemic damage. However, MSG mixed HLD (MH) consumption leads to dyslipidemia, silently develops non-alcoholic fatty liver disease followed by metabolic alterations and systemic anomalies, even malignancies, via modulating different signaling pathways. This comprehensive review formulates health care strategies to create global awareness about the harmful impact of MH on the human body and recommends the daily consumption of more natural foods rich in antioxidants instead of toxic ingredients to counterbalance the MH-induced systemic anomalies.
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11
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Gevariya N, Lachance G, Robitaille K, Joly Beauparlant C, Beaudoin L, Fournier É, Fradet Y, Droit A, Julien P, Marette A, Bergeron A, Fradet V. Omega-3 Eicosapentaenoic Acid Reduces Prostate Tumor Vascularity. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:516-527. [PMID: 33262291 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The impact of omega (ω)-3 fatty acids on prostate cancer is controversial in epidemiological studies but experimental studies suggest a protective effect. However, little is known about the mechanism of action. Here, we studied the effects of purified fatty acid molecules on prostate tumor progression using the TRAMP-C2 syngeneic immunocompetent mouse model. Compared with ω-6 or ω-9-supplemented animals, we observed that late-stage prostate tumor growth was reduced with a monoacylglyceride (MAG)-conjugated form of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplementation, whereas docosahexanenoic acid (DHA) caused an early reduction. MAG-EPA significantly decreased tumor blood vessel diameter (P < 0.001). RNA sequencing analysis revealed that MAG-EPA downregulated angiogenesis- and vascular-related pathways in tumors. We also observed this tissue vascular phenotype in a clinical trial testing MAG-EPA versus a high oleic sunflower oil placebo. Using anti-CD31 IHC, we observed that MAG-EPA reduced blood vessel diameter in prostate tumor tissue (P = 0.03) but not in normal adjacent tissue. Finally, testing autocrine and paracrine effects in an avascular tumor spheroid growth assay, both exogenous MAG-EPA and endogenous ω3 reduced VEGF secretion and in vitro endothelial cell tube formation and blocked tumor spheroid growth, suggesting that ω3 molecules can directly hinder prostate cancer cell growth. Altogether, our results suggest that fatty acids regulate prostate cancer growth and that a tumor-specific microenvironment is required for the anti-vascular effect of MAG-EPA in patients with prostate cancer. IMPLICATIONS: Increasing the amount of ingested EPA omega-3 subtype for patients with prostate cancer might help to reduce prostate tumor progression by reducing tumor vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikunj Gevariya
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Gabriel Lachance
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche de l'IUCPQ, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Karine Robitaille
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Charles Joly Beauparlant
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Laboratoire de bio-informatique and Centre de Génomique du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Lisanne Beaudoin
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Éric Fournier
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Laboratoire de bio-informatique and Centre de Génomique du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Yves Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Laboratoire de bio-informatique and Centre de Génomique du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche en endocrinologie, métabolisme et inflammation de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Centre de recherche de l'IUCPQ, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Bergeron
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincent Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada. .,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS) et Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, Québec, Canada
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12
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Dasgupta P, Kulkarni P, Bhat NS, Majid S, Shiina M, Shahryari V, Yamamura S, Tanaka Y, Gupta RK, Dahiya R, Hashimoto Y. Activation of the Erk/MAPK signaling pathway is a driver for cadmium induced prostate cancer. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 401:115102. [PMID: 32512071 PMCID: PMC7425797 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cadmium (Cd) is reported to be associated with carcinogenesis. The molecular mechanisms associated with Cd-induced prostate cancer (PCa) remain elusive. MATERIALS AND METHODS RWPE1, PWR1E and DU 145 cells were used. RT2 Profiler Array, real-time-quantitative-PCR, immunofluorescence, cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation and colony formation assays along with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed. RESULT Chronic Cd exposure of non-malignant RWPE1 and PWR1E cells promoted cell survival, proliferation and colony formation with inhibition of apoptosis. Even a two-week Cd exposure of PCa cell line (DU 145) significantly increased the proliferation and decreased apoptosis. RT2 profiler array of 84 genes involved in the Erk/MAPK pathway revealed induction of gene expression in Cd-RWPE1 cells compared to RWPE1. This was confirmed by individual TaqMan gene expression analysis in both Cd-RWPE1 and Cd-PWR1E cell lines. GSEA showed an enrichment of the Erk/MAPK pathway along with other pathways such as KEGG-ERBB, KEGG-Cell Cycle, KEGG-VEGF, KEGG-Pathways in cancer and KEGG-prostate cancer pathway. We randomly selected upregulated genes from Erk/MAPK pathway and performed profile analysis in a PCa data set from the TCGA/GDC data base. We observed upregulation of these genes in PCa compared to normal samples. An increase in phosphorylation of the Erk1/2 and Mek1/2 was observed in Cd-RWPE1 and Cd-PWR1E cells compared to parental cells, confirming that Cd-exposure induces activation of the Erk/MAPK pathway. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that Erk/MAPK signaling is a major pathway involved in Cd-induced malignant transformation of normal prostate cells. Understanding these dominant oncogenic pathways may help develop optimal therapeutic strategies for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Dasgupta
- Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Priyanka Kulkarni
- Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Nadeem S Bhat
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 4150 Clement Street, Miami, FL 94121, USA
| | - Shahana Majid
- Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Marisa Shiina
- Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Varahram Shahryari
- Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Soichiro Yamamura
- Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Yuichiro Tanaka
- Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Ravi Kumar Gupta
- Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Rajvir Dahiya
- Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
| | - Yutaka Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, VA Medical Center and University of California San Francisco, School of Medicine, 4150 Clement Street, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
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13
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Joshi T, Patel I, Kumar A, Donovan V, Levenson AS. Grape Powder Supplementation Attenuates Prostate Neoplasia Associated with Pten Haploinsufficiency in Mice Fed High-Fat Diet. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000326. [PMID: 32618118 PMCID: PMC8103660 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Previous studies have identified potent anticancer activities of polyphenols in preventing prostate cancer. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the chemopreventive potential of grape powder (GP) supplemented diets in genetically predisposed and obesity-provoked prostate cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS Prostate-specific Pten heterozygous (Pten+/f ) transgenic mice are fed low- and high-fat diet (LFD and HFD, respectively) supplemented with 10% GP for 33 weeks, ad libitum. Prostate tissues are characterized using immunohistochemistry and western blots, and sera are analyzed by ELISA and qRT-PCR. Pten+/f mice fed LFD and HFD supplemented with 10% GP show favorable histopathology, significant reduction of the proliferative rate of prostate epithelial cells (Ki67), and rescue of PTEN expression. The most potent protective effect of GP supplementation is detected against HFD-induced increase in inflammation (IL-1β; TGF-β1), activation of cell survival pathways (Akt, AR), and angiogenesis (CD31) in Pten+/f mice. Moreover, GP supplementation reduces circulating levels of oncogenic microRNAs (miR-34a; miR-22) in Pten+/f mice. There are no significant changes in body weight and food intake in GP supplemented diet groups. CONCLUSIONS GP diet supplementation can be a beneficial chemopreventive strategy for obesity-related inflammation and prostate cancer progression. Monitoring serum miRNAs can facilitate the non-invasive evaluation of chemoprevention efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanvi Joshi
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Ishani Patel
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | | | - Anait S. Levenson
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA
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14
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Cai Q, Chen Y, Zhang D, Pan J, Xie Z, Xu C, Li S, Zhang X, Gao Y, Hou J, Guo X, Zhou X, Zhang B, Ma F, Zhang W, Lin G, Xin Z, Niu Y, Wang Y. Estimates of over-time trends in incidence and mortality of prostate cancer from 1990 to 2030. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:196-209. [PMID: 32420125 PMCID: PMC7214983 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2020.02.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This research aims to identify the current and future trends in the incidence and death rate of prostate cancer and to provide the necessary data support for making relevant health decisions. Methods This study used the collected data and methodologies to describe the incidence and mortality trends of prostate cancer from 1990 to 2016. Based on the data, this paper projected the future trends in prostate cancer incidence and death rate. Results In 2016, prostate cancer cases [1,435,742; 95% uncertainty interval (UI), 1,293,395–1,618,655] were nearly 2.5-fold the number in 1990 (579,457; 95% UI, 521,564–616,107). Deaths increased by 2.0-fold from 191,687 (95% UI, 168,885–209,254) in 1990 to 380,916 (95% UI, 320,808–412,868) in 2016. The global age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) increased from 17.75 (95% UI, 18.91–15.95) in 1990 to 22.12 (95% UI, 19.92–24.91) in 2016, changing 24.62%. The global change of age-standardized death rate (ASDR) has declined slightly, but in some regions it shows a trend of growth. By sociodemographic index (SDI) sub-types, prostate cancer will frequently occur in high SDI countries from 1990 to 2030. Simultaneously, the highest mortality will present in low SDI countries. Conclusions Through projecting and analyzing incidence and mortality rate of prostate cancer, from 1990 to 2030, by different ages, regions and SDI sub-types, this result may reveal the relationship between prostate cancer and financial development. At the same time, the result also showed a sufficiently heavy burden of prostate cancer, but the burden varies greatly in each region. The burden is a challenge and will require attention for all levels of society. The current study is beneficial to formulate more specific and efficient policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Cai
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China.,School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yegang Chen
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Dingrong Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Jiancheng Pan
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Zunke Xie
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shu Li
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Health Management, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jie Hou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xuemei Guo
- Library of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Baoshuai Zhang
- Scientific Research Department, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Guiting Lin
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhongcheng Xin
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China.,Andrology Center, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yuanjie Niu
- Department of Urology, the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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15
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Perez‐Cornago A, Huybrechts I, Appleby PN, Schmidt JA, Crowe FL, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Kühn T, Katzke V, Trichopoulou A, Karakatsani A, Peppa E, Grioni S, Palli D, Sacerdote C, Tumino R, Bueno‐de‐Mesquita HB, Larrañaga N, Sánchez M, Quirós JR, Ardanaz E, Chirlaque M, Agudo A, Bjartell A, Wallström P, Chajes V, Tsilidis KK, Aune D, Riboli E, Travis RC, Key TJ. Intake of individual fatty acids and risk of prostate cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:44-57. [PMID: 30807653 PMCID: PMC6899744 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The associations of individual dietary fatty acids with prostate cancer risk have not been examined comprehensively. We examined the prospective association of individual dietary fatty acids with prostate cancer risk overall, by tumor subtypes, and prostate cancer death. 142,239 men from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition who were free from cancer at recruitment were included. Dietary intakes of individual fatty acids were estimated using center-specific validated dietary questionnaires at baseline and calibrated with 24-h recalls. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). After an average follow-up of 13.9 years, 7,036 prostate cancer cases and 936 prostate cancer deaths were ascertained. Intakes of individual fatty acids were not related to overall prostate cancer risk. There was evidence of heterogeneity in the association of some short chain saturated fatty acids with prostate cancer risk by tumor stage (pheterogeneity < 0.015), with a positive association with risk of advanced stage disease for butyric acid (4:0; HR1SD = 1.08; 95%CI = 1.01-1.15; p-trend = 0.026). There were no associations with fatal prostate cancer, with the exception of a slightly higher risk for those who consumed more eicosenoic acid (22:1n-9c; HR1SD = 1.05; 1.00-1.11; p-trend = 0.048) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3c; HR1SD = 1.07; 1.00-1.14; p-trend = 0.045). There was no evidence that dietary intakes of individual fatty acids were associated with overall prostate cancer risk. However, a higher intake of butyric acid might be associated with a higher risk of advanced, whereas intakes of eicosenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids might be positively associated with fatal prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Perez‐Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- Dietary Exposure Assessment GroupInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Paul N. Appleby
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Julie A. Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Francesca L. Crowe
- Institute of Applied Health Research, College of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for EpidemiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus CDenmark
| | | | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer EpidemiologyGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer EpidemiologyGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | | | - Anna Karakatsani
- Hellenic Health FoundationAthensGreece
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, School of MedicineNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “ATTIKON” University HospitalHaidariGreece
| | | | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei TumoriMilanItaly
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life‐Style Epidemiology UnitInstitute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network – ISPROFlorenceItaly
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer EpidemiologyCittà della Salute e della Scienza University‐Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO)TurinItaly
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Department of Cancer Registry and Histopathology"Civic ‐ M.P. Arezzo" Hospital ASPRagusaItaly
| | - H. Bas Bueno‐de‐Mesquita
- Department for Determinants of Chronic Diseases (DCD)National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)BilthovenThe Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Medical CentreUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Nerea Larrañaga
- Department of Basque Regional HealthPublic Health Division of Gipuzkoa‐BIODONOSTIAGuipúzcoaSpain
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public HealthMadridSpain
| | - Maria‐Jose Sánchez
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public HealthMadridSpain
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADAHospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de GranadaGranadaSpain
| | | | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public HealthMadridSpain
- Navarra Public Health InstitutePamplonaSpain
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health ResearchPamplonaSpain
| | - María‐Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public HealthMadridSpain
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health CouncilMurciaSpain
- Department of Health and Social SciencesUniversidad de MurciaMurciaSpain
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research ProgramCatalan Institute of Oncology‐IDIBELL. L'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | - Anders Bjartell
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical FacultyLund UniversityMalmöSweden
- Department of UrologySkåne University HospitalMalmöSweden
| | - Peter Wallström
- Nutrition Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Clinical SciencesLund UniversityMalmöSweden
- Clinical Research CentreMalmö University HospitalMalmöSweden
| | - Veronique Chajes
- Department of Nutrition and MetabolismInternational Agency for Research on CancerLyonFrance
| | - Konstantinos K. Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and EpidemiologyUniversity of Ioannina, School of MedicineIoanninaGreece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of NutritionBjørknes University CollegeOsloNorway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive MedicineOslo University HospitalOsloNorway
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Ruth C. Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Timothy J. Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
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16
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Mazumder MMU, Sukul A, Saha SK, Chowdhury AA, Mamun Y. A comprehensive in vitro biological investigation of metal complexes of tolfenamic acid. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mahabob Ullah Mazumder
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abhijit Sukul
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Northern University Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Sajal Kumar Saha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Asif Alam Chowdhury
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Yasir Mamun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
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17
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Narita S, Nara T, Sato H, Koizumi A, Huang M, Inoue T, Habuchi T. Research Evidence on High-Fat Diet-Induced Prostate Cancer Development and Progression. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050597. [PMID: 31052319 PMCID: PMC6572108 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although recent evidence has suggested that a high-fat diet (HFD) plays an important role in prostate carcinogenesis, the underlying mechanisms have largely remained unknown. This review thus summarizes previous preclinical studies that have used prostate cancer cells and animal models to assess the impact of dietary fat on prostate cancer development and progression. Large variations in the previous studies were found during the selection of preclinical models and types of dietary intervention. Subcutaneous human prostate cancer cell xenografts, such as LNCaP, LAPC-4, and PC-3 and genetic engineered mouse models, such as TRAMP and Pten knockout, were frequently used. The dietary interventions had not been standardized, and distinct variations in the phenotype were observed in different studies using distinct HFD components. The use of different dietary components in the research models is reported to influence the effect of diet-induced metabolic disorders. The proposed underlying mechanisms for HFD-induced prostate cancer were divided into (1) growth factor signaling, (2) lipid metabolism, (3) inflammation, (4) hormonal modulation, and others. A number of preclinical studies proposed that dietary fat and/or obesity enhanced prostate cancer development and progression. However, the relationship still remains controversial, and care should be taken when interpreting the results in a human context. Future studies using more sophisticated preclinical models are imperative in order to explore deeper understanding regarding the impact of dietary fat on the development and progression of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Narita
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Taketoshi Nara
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Hiromi Sato
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Koizumi
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Mingguo Huang
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Takamitsu Inoue
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Tomonori Habuchi
- Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
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18
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Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most frequent cancer diagnosis made in men and the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. Prostate cancer may be asymptomatic at the early stage and often has an indolent course that may require only active surveillance. Based on GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates, 1,276,106 new cases of prostate cancer were reported worldwide in 2018, with higher prevalence in the developed countries. Differences in the incidence rates worldwide reflect differences in the use of diagnostic testing. Prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates are strongly related to the age with the highest incidence being seen in elderly men (> 65 years of age). African-American men have the highest incidence rates and more aggressive type of prostate cancer compared to White men. There is no evidence yet on how to prevent prostate cancer; however, it is possible to lower the risk by limiting high-fat foods, increasing the intake of vegetables and fruits and performing more exercise. Screening is highly recommended at age 45 for men with familial history and African-American men. Up-to-date statistics on prostate cancer occurrence and outcomes along with a better understanding of the etiology and causative risk factors are essential for the primary prevention of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Rawla
- Hospitalist, Department of Internal Medicine, SOVAH Health, Martinsville, VA 24112, USA.
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19
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Dorai T, Shah A, Summers F, Mathew R, Huang J, Hsieh TC, Wu JM. NRH:quinone oxidoreductase 2 (NQO2) and glutaminase (GLS) both play a role in large extracellular vesicles (LEV) formation in preclinical LNCaP-C4-2B prostate cancer model of progressive metastasis. Prostate 2018; 78:1181-1195. [PMID: 30009389 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the course of studies aimed at the role of oxidative stress in the development of metastatic potential in the LNCaP-C4-2B prostate cancer progression model system, we found a relative decrease in the level of expression of the cytoplasmic nicotinamide riboside: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO2) and an increase in the oxidative stress in C4-2B cells compared to that in LNCaP or its derivatives C4 and C4-2. It was also found that C4-2B cells specifically shed large extracellular vesicles (LEVs) suggesting that these LEVs and their cargo could participate in the establishment of the osseous metastases. The level of expression of caveolin-1 increased as the system progresses from LNCaP to C4-2B. Since NQO2 RNA levels were not changed in LNCaP, C4, C4-2, and C4-2B, we tested an altered cellular distribution hypothesis of NQO2 being compartmentalized in the membrane fractions of C4-2B cells which are rich in lipid rafts and caveolae. This was confirmed when the detergent resistant membrane fractions were probed on immunoblots. Moreover, when the LEVs were analyzed for membrane associated caveolin-1 as possible cargo, we noticed that the enzyme NQO2 was also a component of the cargo along with caveolin-1 as seen in double immunofluorescence studies. Molecular modeling studies showed that a caveolin-1 accessible site is present in NQO2. Specific interaction between NQO2 and caveolin-1 was confirmed using deletion constructs of caveolin-1 fused with glutathione S-transferase (GST). Interestingly, whole cell lysate and mitochondrial preparations of LNCaP, C4, C4-2, and C4-2B showed an increasing expression of glutaminase (GLS, kidney type). The extrusion of LEVs appears to be a specific property of the bone metastatic C4-2B cells and this process could be inhibited by a GLS specific inhibitor BPTES, suggesting the critical role of a functioning glutamine metabolism. Our results indicate that a high level of expression of caveolin-1 in C4-2B cells contributes to an interaction between caveolin-1 and NQO2 and to their packaging as cargo in the shed LEVs. These results suggest an important role of membrane associated oxidoreductases in the establishment of osseous metastases in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thambi Dorai
- Department of Urology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Ankeeta Shah
- Committee on Genetics, Genomics and Systems Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Faith Summers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Rajamma Mathew
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
- Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Jing Huang
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Tze-Chen Hsieh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
| | - Joseph M Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York
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20
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You W, Henneberg M. Prostate Cancer Incidence is Correlated to Total Meat Intake– a Cross-National Ecologic Analysis of 172 Countries. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2229-2239. [PMID: 30139230 PMCID: PMC6171413 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.8.2229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To examine the association of total meat (animal flesh) consumption to prostate cancer incidence (PC61) at population level. Subjects and Methods: Data from 172 countries were extracted for analysis. Associations between country specific per capita total meat intake and PC61 incidence at country level were examined using Pearson’s r and Spearman rho, partial correlation, stepwise multiple linear regression analyses with ageing, GDP, Is (index of magnitude of prostate cancer gene accumulation at population level), obesity prevalence and urbanization included as the confounding factors. Countries were also grouped for regional association analysis. The data were log-transformed for analysis in SPSS. Microsoft Excel, and ANOVA Post hoc Scheffe tests were applied to calculate and compare mean differences between country groupings. Results: Worldwide, total meat intake was strongly and positively associated with PC61 incidence in Pearson’s r (r= 0.595, p<0.001) and Spearman rho (r= 0.637, p<0.001) analyses. This relationship remained significant in partial correlation (r= 0.295, p<0.001) when ageing, GDP, Is, obesity prevalence and urbanization were kept statistically constant. GDP was weakly and insignificantly associated with PC61 when total meat intake was kept statistically constant. Stepwise multiple linear regression identified that total meat was a significant predictor of PC61 with total meat intake and all the five confounders included as the independent variables (R2=0.417). Post hoc Scheffe tests revealed nine significant mean differences of PC61 between the six WHO regions, but all disappeared when the contributing effect of total meat on PC61 incidence rate was removed. GDP was not identified as the statistically significant predictor of PC61 in either of the models including or excluding total meat as the independent variable. Conclusions: Total meat intake is an independent predictor of PC61 worldwide, and the determinant of regional variation of PC61. The longitudinal cohort studies are proposed to explore the association further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng You
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Australia.
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21
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Huang M, Narita S, Inoue T, Koizumi A, Saito M, Tsuruta H, Numakura K, Satoh S, Nanjo H, Sasaki T, Habuchi T. Fatty acid binding protein 4 enhances prostate cancer progression by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases and stromal cell cytokine production. Oncotarget 2017; 8:111780-111794. [PMID: 29340091 PMCID: PMC5762359 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is an abundant protein in adipocytes, and its production is influenced by high-fat diet (HFD) or obesity. The prostate stromal microenvironment induces proinflammatory cytokine production, which is key for the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we show that high FABP4 expression and its secretion by PCa cells directly stimulated PCa cell invasiveness by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. In addition, prostate stromal cells augmented PCa cell invasiveness by secreting interleukin-8 and -6 in response to FABP4. This was abrogated by the FABP4 specific inhibitor, BMS309403. Furthermore, a mouse xenograft experiment showed HFD enhanced PCa metastasis and invasiveness by the upregulation of FABP4 and interleukin-8. Clinically, the serum level of FABP4 was significantly associated with an aggressive type of PCa rather than obesity. Taken together, FABP4 may enhance PCa progression and invasiveness by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases and cytokine production in the PCa stromal microenvironment, especially under HFD or obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingguo Huang
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
| | - Shintaro Narita
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Inoue
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
| | - Atsushi Koizumi
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuruta
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Numakura
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Shigeru Satoh
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nanjo
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan
| | - Takehiko Sasaki
- Research Center for Biosignal, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
| | - Tomonori Habuchi
- Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 102-0004, Japan
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22
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Inhibition of autophagy aggravated 4-nitrophenol-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in NHPrE1 human normal prostate epithelial progenitor cells. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 87:88-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Jairam Vanamala
- Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- The Penn State Hershey Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania, USA
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24
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Pon Nivedha R, Suryanarayanan V, Selvaraj C, Singh SK, Rajalakshmi M. Chemopreventive effect of saponin isolated from Gymnema sylevestre on prostate cancer through in silico and in vivo analysis. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1900-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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25
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Zhu J, Song J, Liu Z, Han J, Luo H, Liu Y, Jia Z, Dong Y, Zhang W, Jiang F, Wu C, Sun Z, Zhong W. Association between allergic conditions and risk of prostate cancer: A Prisma-Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35682. [PMID: 27767045 PMCID: PMC5073359 DOI: 10.1038/srep35682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Association between allergic conditions and prostate cancer risk has been investigated for many years. However, the results from available evidence for the association are inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between allergic conditions (asthma, atopy, hay fever and “any allergy”) and risk of prostate cancer. The PubMed and Embase databases were searched to screen observational studies meeting our meta-analysis criteria. Study selection and data extraction from included studies were independently performed by two authors. Twenty studies were considered eligible involving 5 case-control studies and 15 cohort studies. The summary relative risk (RR) for developing prostate cancer risk was 1.04 (95%CI: 0.92–1.17) for asthma, and 1.25 (95%CI: 0.74–2.10) for atopy, 1.04 (95%CI: 0.99–1.09) for hay fever, 0.96 (95%CI: 0.86–1.06) for any allergy. In the Subgroup and sensitivity analysis, similar results were produced. Little evidence of publication bias was observed. The present meta-analysis of observational studies indicates that no indication of an association between allergic conditions and risk of prostate cancer was found, and the meta-analysis does not support neither the original hypothesis of an overall cancer protective effect of allergic conditions, nor that of an opposite effect in the development of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China.,Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China.,Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - Jukun Song
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - Zezhen Liu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China.,Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Respiratory &Critical Care medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - Heng Luo
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China.,Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China
| | - Yunlin Liu
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zhenyu Jia
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China.,Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China
| | - Yuanbo Dong
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - Funeng Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China.,Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China
| | - Chinlee Wu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China.,Departments of Pathology and Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Zaolin Sun
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, 550002, China
| | - Weide Zhong
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China.,Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China
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26
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Zhang J, Xiao L, Qin Z, Xu A, Zhao K, Liang C, Miao C, Zhu J, Chen W, Hua Y, Liu Y, Zhang C, Yu Y, Su S, Wang Z. Association between germline homeobox B13 (HOXB13) G84E allele and prostate cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. Oncotarget 2016; 7:67101-67110. [PMID: 27626483 PMCID: PMC5341860 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Germline HOXB13 G84E mutation (rs138213197) has been described associated with prostate cancer (PCa) susceptibility but results of different studies are inconsistent. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the specific role of this mutation. Relevant available studies were identified by searching the databases Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to measure the strength of the association. Subgroup analysis were performed to evaluate the specific role of rs138213197 in disease aggressiveness, diagnostic age and family history. Furthermore, trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted for the first time to estimate whether the evidence of the results is sufficient. Our results indicated that significant increased PCa susceptibility was associated with rs138213197 compared with non-carriers (OR = 3.38, 95% CI: 2.45-4.66). Besides, in subgroup analysis, HOXB13 G84E variant was obviously associated with early onset (OR = 2.90, 95% CI: 2.24-3.75), affected relatives (OR = 2.60, 95% CI 2.19-3.10) and highly aggressive disease (OR = 2.38, 95% CI 1.84-3.08). By TSA, the findings in the current study were based on sufficient evidence. Therefore, our results indicated that the G84E mutation in HOXB13 gene might increase susceptibility to PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Jiangsu Province of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenkui Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jundong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yibo Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shifeng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zengjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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27
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Hussain SS, Kumar AP, Ghosh R. Food-based natural products for cancer management: Is the whole greater than the sum of the parts? Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:233-246. [PMID: 27397504 PMCID: PMC5067244 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The rise in cancer incidence and mortality in developing countries together with the human and financial cost of current cancer therapy mandates a closer look at alternative ways to overcome this burgeoning global healthcare problem. Epidemiological evidence for the association between cancer and diet and the long latency of most cancer progression have led to active exploration of whole and isolated natural chemicals from different naturally occurring substances in various preclinical and clinical settings. In general the lack of systemic toxicities of most 'whole' and 'isolated' natural compounds, their potential to reduce toxic doses and potential to delay the development of drug-resistance makes them promising candidates for cancer management. This review article examines the suggested molecular mechanisms affected by these substances focusing to a large extent on prostate cancer and deliberates on the disparate results obtained from cell culture, preclinical and clinical studies in an effort to highlight the use of whole extracts and isolated constituents for intervention. As such these studies underscore the importance of factors such as treatment duration, bioavailability, route of administration, selection criteria, standardized formulation and clinical end points in clinical trial design with both entities. Overall lack of parallel comparison studies between the whole natural products and their isolated compounds limits decisive conclusions regarding the superior utility of one over the other. We suggest the critical need for rigorous comparative research to identify which one of the two or both entities from nature would be best qualified to take on the mantle of cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleman S Hussain
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Addanki P Kumar
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Cancer Therapy and Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
| | - Rita Ghosh
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; Cancer Therapy and Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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28
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Tran Q, Lee H, Park J, Kim SH, Park J. Targeting Cancer Metabolism - Revisiting the Warburg Effects. Toxicol Res 2016; 32:177-93. [PMID: 27437085 PMCID: PMC4946416 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2016.32.3.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
After more than half of century since the Warburg effect was described, this atypical metabolism has been standing true for almost every type of cancer, exhibiting higher glycolysis and lactate metabolism and defective mitochondrial ATP production. This phenomenon had attracted many scientists to the problem of elucidating the mechanism of, and reason for, this effect. Several models based on oncogenic studies have been proposed, such as the accumulation of mitochondrial gene mutations, the switch from oxidative phosphorylation respiration to glycolysis, the enhancement of lactate metabolism, and the alteration of glycolytic genes. Whether the Warburg phenomenon is the consequence of genetic dysregulation in cancer or the cause of cancer remains unknown. Moreover, the exact reasons and physiological values of this peculiar metabolism in cancer remain unclear. Although there are some pharmacological compounds, such as 2-deoxy-D-glucose, dichloroacetic acid, and 3-bromopyruvate, therapeutic strategies, including diet, have been developed based on targeting the Warburg effect. In this review, we will revisit the Warburg effect to determine how much scientists currently understand about this phenomenon and how we can treat the cancer based on targeting metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quangdon Tran
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jisoo Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seon-Hwan Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jongsun Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Medical Science, Metabolic Diseases and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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29
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Graff RE, Pettersson A, Lis RT, Ahearn TU, Markt SC, Wilson KM, Rider JR, Fiorentino M, Finn S, Kenfield SA, Loda M, Giovannucci EL, Rosner B, Mucci LA. Dietary lycopene intake and risk of prostate cancer defined by ERG protein expression. Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 103:851-60. [PMID: 26817504 PMCID: PMC4763492 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.118703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited evidence that supports etiologically distinct molecular subtypes of prostate cancer, the identification of which may improve prevention. Given their antioxidant properties, we hypothesized that lycopene and tomato sauce may be especially protective against diseases harboring the common gene fusion transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2):v-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (ERG). OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine associations between estimated lycopene and tomato sauce intake and the risk of prostate cancer defined by ERG protein expression subtype. DESIGN Our study population consisted of a prospective cohort of 46,719 men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. TMPRSS2:ERG was assessed by ERG immunohistochemistry on tumor tissue microarrays constructed from radical prostatectomy specimens. We used multivariable competing risk models to calculate HRs and 95% CIs for the risk of ERG-positive and, separately, ERG-negative disease. We implemented inverse probability weighting to account for evaluating ERG status only in surgically treated cases. RESULTS During 23 y of follow-up, 5543 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer, among whom 884 were assayed for ERG (426 ERG-positive). With inclusion of only the latter cases, increasing cumulative average tomato sauce intake was associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer overall (≥2 servings/wk compared with <1 serving/mo; multivariable HR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.95; P-trend = 0.002). With respect to molecular subtypes, cumulative average tomato sauce intake was associated with a decreased risk of ERG-positive disease (HR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.37, 0.81; P-trend = 0.004) but not with ERG-negative disease (HR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.62, 1.50; P-trend = 0.10) (P-heterogeneity = 0.04). Increasing quintiles of lycopene intake were associated with a decreased risk of both subtypes (P-heterogeneity = 0.79). Inverse probability weighting did not materially change the results. CONCLUSIONS Our results lend some support to the hypothesis that prostate cancers that harbor TMPRSS2:ERG may be etiologically distinct from fusion-negative cancers. In particular, tomato sauce consumption may play a role in reducing TMPRSS2:ERG-positive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E Graff
- Departments of Epidemiology, Departments ofEpidemiology and Biostatistics and
| | - Andreas Pettersson
- Departments of Epidemiology, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rosina T Lis
- Department of Pathology and Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Kathryn M Wilson
- Departments of Epidemiology, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer R Rider
- Departments of Epidemiology, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Michelangelo Fiorentino
- Departments of Epidemiology, Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Pathology Unit, Addarii Institute, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy; and
| | - Stephen Finn
- Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Department of Histopathology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stacey A Kenfield
- Departments of Epidemiology, Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Massimo Loda
- Department of Pathology and Center for Molecular Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Departments of Epidemiology, Nutrition, and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Departments of Epidemiology, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Diet-induced alteration of fatty acid synthase in prostate cancer progression. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e195. [PMID: 26878389 PMCID: PMC5154344 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2015.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a cytosolic metabolic enzyme that catalyzes de novo fatty acid synthesis. A high-fat diet (HFD) is attributed to prostate cancer (PCa) progression, but the role FASN on HFD-mediated PCa progression remains unclear. We investigated the role of FASN on PCa progression in LNCaP xenograft mice fed with HFD or low-fat diet (LFD), in PCa cells, and in clinical PCa. The HFD promoted tumour growth and FASN expression in the LNCaP xenograft mice. HFD resulted in AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation and 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inactivation. Serum FASN levels were significantly lower in the HFD group (P=0.026) and correlated inversely with tumour volume (P=0.022). Extracellular FASN release was enhanced in the PCa cells with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibition and AMPK signalling activation. FASN inhibition resulted in decrease of PCa cell proliferation through PI3K/MAPK downregulation and AMPK activation. Furthermore, AMPK activation was associated with FASN downregulation and PI3K/MAPK inactivation. Clinically, high FASN expression was significantly associated with high Gleason scores and advanced pathological T stage. Moreover, FASN expression was markedly decreased in the PCa response to androgen deprivation therapy and chemotherapy. HFD modulates FASN expression, which may be an important mechanism in HFD-associated PCa progression. Furthermore, a critical stimulatory loop exists between FASN and the PI3K/MAPK system, whereas AMPK signalling was associated with suppression. These may offer appropriate targets for chemoprevention and cancer therapy in HFD-induced PCa.
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31
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Egevad L. Editorial Comment. J Urol 2016; 195:1420. [PMID: 26872513 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Egevad
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Li D, Chen L, Zhao W, Hao J, An R. MicroRNA-let-7f-1 is induced by lycopene and inhibits cell proliferation and triggers apoptosis in prostate cancer. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2708-14. [PMID: 26847233 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that lycopene has cytotoxic effects in a variety of types of human cancer. An improved understanding of the mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of lycopene may provide novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. PC3 cells were treated with different concentrations of lycopene for 24 and 48 h, the level of protein kinase B (AKT2) was detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) and western blotting. Additionally, the expression levels of microRNA (miR)‑let‑7f‑1 were measured using RT‑qPCR. miR‑let‑7f‑1 function was analyzed using cell proliferation and apoptosis assays in gain‑ and loss‑of‑function experiments. It was observed that lycopene downregulated the expression of AKT2 and upregulated the expression of miR‑let‑7f‑1 in PC3 cells. Re‑introduction of miR‑let‑7f‑1 into PC3 cells was able to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. Further investigation indicated that miR‑let‑7f‑1 targeted AKT2 in PC3 cells and upregulation of AKT2 could attenuate the effects induced by miR‑let‑7f‑1. The results of the current study indicate that miR‑let‑7f‑1 is involved in the anticancer effects of lycopene and serves an important role in the inhibition of prostate cancer progression through the downregulation of AKT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danbin Li
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Biophysics, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Wenran Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jianbing Hao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Ruihua An
- Department of Urological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Ju-Kun S, Yuan DB, Rao HF, Chen TF, Luan BS, Xu XM, Jiang FN, Zhong WD, Zhu JG. Association Between Cd Exposure and Risk of Prostate Cancer: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2708. [PMID: 26871808 PMCID: PMC4753904 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Several observational studies on the association between Cd exposure and risk of prostate cancer have yielded inconsistent results. To address this issue, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the correlation between Cd exposure and risk of prostate cancer.Relevant studies in PubMed and Embase databases were retrieved until October 2015. We compared the highest and lowest meta-analyses to quantitatively evaluate the relationship between Cd exposure and risk of prostate cancer. Summary estimates were obtained using a random-effects model.In the general population, high Cd exposure was not associated with increased prostate cancer (OR 1.21; 95% CI 0.91-1.64), whereas the combined standardized mortality ratio of the association between Cd exposure and risk of prostate cancer was 1.66 (95% CI 1.10-2.50) in populations exposed to occupational Cd. In addition, high D-Cd intake (OR 1.07; 95% CI 0.96-1.20) and U-Cd concentration (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.48-1.55) among the general population was not related to the increased risk of prostate cancer. In the dose analysis, the summary relative risk was 1.07 (95% CI 0.73-1.57) for each 0.5 μg/g creatinine increase in U-Cd and 1.02 (95% CI 0.99-1.06) for each 10 μg/day increase of dietary Cd intake. However, compared with nonoccupational exposure, high occupational Cd exposure may be associated with the increased risk of prostate cancer.This meta-analysis suggests high Cd exposure as a risk factor for prostate cancer in occupational rather than nonoccupational populations. However, these results should be carefully interpreted because of the significant heterogeneity among studies. Additional large-scale and high-quality prospective studies are needed to confirm the association between Cd exposure and risk of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Ju-Kun
- From the Department of Oral and maxillofacial surgery (SJ-K), Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou; Department of Urology (D-BY, H-FR, T-FC, B-SL, J-GZ), Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guizhou, Guiyang; Department of Urology (X-MX), Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo; Department of Urology (F-NJ, W-DZ, J-GZ), Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guangzhou; and Urology Key Laboratory of Guangdong Province (F-NJ, W-DZ, J-GZ), The First Affiliated, Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ramamoorthy V, Rubens M, Saxena A, Shehadeh N. Selenium and vitamin E for prostate cancer--justifications for the SELECT study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:2619-27. [PMID: 25854337 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.7.2619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several studies that relate oxidative damage as possible mechanism for many cancers. Many studies have also shown that anti-oxidants like selenium and vitamin E decrease the risk for prostate cancer. The main objective of the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) study was to look for the benefits of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on prostate cancer. The study had a large sample size, stringent experimental conditions, very long duration, standardized laboratories for biochemical analyses and other factors that contribute to high external validity. The SELECT study failed to show any significant risk reduction for prostate cancers ascribable to selenium and vitamin E supplementations. Because of these conflicting results, many researchers argue about the methods used, supplementations administered (selenium and vitamin E) and indicators used for assessing levels of supplementations. We reviewed many epidemiological studies, clinical trials, and pre-clinical studies. With corroborative evidences we justify that SELECT study has a sound methodology and rationale. In lieu of the contrary results of the select study, researchers should focus on the probable mechanisms for these contrary findings and continue their search for newer and effective agents for prevention of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, USA E-mail :
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35
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Labbé DP, Zadra G, Ebot EM, Mucci LA, Kantoff PW, Loda M, Brown M. Role of diet in prostate cancer: the epigenetic link. Oncogene 2015; 34:4683-91. [PMID: 25531313 PMCID: PMC4476943 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diet is hypothesized to be a critical environmentally related risk factor for prostate cancer (PCa) development, and specific diets and dietary components can also affect PCa progression; however, the mechanisms underlying these associations remain elusive. As for a maturing organism, PCa's epigenome is plastic and evolves from the pre-neoplastic to the metastatic stage. In particular, epigenetic remodeling relies on substrates or cofactors obtained from the diet. Here we review the evidence that bridges dietary modulation to alterations in the prostate epigenome. We propose that such diet-related effects offer a mechanistic link between the impact of different diets and the course of PCa development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Labbé
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Zadra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E M Ebot
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P W Kantoff
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Loda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Brown
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Functional Cancer Epigenetics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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Abstract
Several epidemiologic studies in Western countries have examined the association between asthma and prostate cancer risk, but the results have been inconclusive. We investigated this association in a large, nationwide, population-based case-cohort study. Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 1997 to 2008, we collected data from 12,372 men, including 4124 with asthma and 8248 age-, residence-, and insurance premium-matched control subjects, who were never diagnosed with asthma. Competing risk-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for determining the association between prostate cancer and asthma. During a mean follow-up of 5.05 years (standard deviation, 2.10), there were 74 cases of prostate cancer. The incidence of prostate cancer was 163.0/100,000 person-years (95% CI: 113.0-228.0) in the asthma patients. Asthma was significantly associated with prostate cancer (HR: 2.36; 95% CI: 1.22-4.57; P = 0.011) after adjusting for age, residential area, insurance premium, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, duration of hospitalization, and mortality. In the subgroup analysis, independent risk factors for prostate cancer among men with asthma were age (HR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.05-1.21; P < 0.001) and hypertension (HR: 2.75; 95% CI: 1.24-7.80; P = 0.047). The results of our study suggest that men with asthma have an increased risk of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Su
- From the Division of Hematology-Oncology (Y-LS, K-MR), Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology (C-LC), Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung; College of Medicine (K-MR), Chang Gung University, Taoyuan; Department of Public Health (CT-CL), Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; and Department of Health Promotion and Health Education (CT-CL), National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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37
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Sánchez-González C, Ciudad CJ, Noé V, Izquierdo-Pulido M. Walnut polyphenol metabolites, urolithins A and B, inhibit the expression of the prostate-specific antigen and the androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells. Food Funct 2015; 5:2922-30. [PMID: 25214070 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00542b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Walnuts have been gathering attention for their health-promoting properties. They are rich in polyphenols, mainly ellagitannins (ETs) that after consumption are hydrolyzed to release ellagic acid (EA). EA is further metabolized by microbiota to form urolithins, such as A and B, which are absorbed. ETs, EA and urolithins have shown to slow the proliferation and growth of different types of cancer cells but the mechanisms remain unclear. We investigate the role of urolithins in the regulatory mechanisms in prostate cancer, specifically those related to the androgen receptor (AR), which have been linked to the development of this type of cancer. In our study, urolithins down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of both prostate specific antigen (PSA) and AR in LNCaP cells. The luciferase assay performed with a construct containing three androgen response elements (AREs) showed that urolithins inhibit AR-mediated PSA expression at the transcriptional level. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that urolithins decreased AR binding to its consensus response element. Additionally, urolithins induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells, and this effect correlated with a decrease in Bcl-2 protein levels. In summary, urolithins attenuate the function of the AR by repressing its expression, causing a down-regulation of PSA levels and inducing apoptosis. Our results suggest that a diet rich in ET-containing foods, such as walnuts, could contribute to the prevention of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Sánchez-González
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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38
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Abstract
In this perspective, modifiable carcinogenic factors for the prostate are summarized. This is followed by a discussion of how current knowledge about causation of prostate cancer and chemoprevention of prostate cancer can be used to develop preventive strategies. Prostate cancer is a slowly developing cancer which offers opportunities for preventive interventions. Only a few randomized clinical trials of prostate cancer prevention have been completed. The SELECT study with selenium and vitamin E did not find protective effects, but in two trials with 5α-reductase inhibitors risk was reduced about 25%, showing that chemoprevention is possible and indicating that the androgen receptor is a suitable target. Besides smoking cessation and reduction of obesity, there are no known dietary or life style interventions that will have a major impact on prostate cancer risk. Inflammation of the prostate is an attractive target and aspirin may be a promising candidate agent, but has not been addressed yet in preclinical and clinical studies. Antioxidants other than selenium and vitamin E are unlikely to be very effective and data on several dietary supplements are not encouraging. More candidate agents need to be identified and tested in relevant and adequate preclinical models and Phase II trials that have predictive value for outcome of Phase III randomized studies. Doing this will require a systematic approach comparing preclinical and clinical study outcomes to determine their predictive value of preventive efficacy.
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39
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Hussain SS, Patel D, Ghosh R, Kumar AP. Extracting the Benefit of Nexrutine® for Cancer Prevention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 1:365-372. [DOI: 10.1007/s40495-015-0029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Roles of autophagy induced by natural compounds in prostate cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:121826. [PMID: 25821782 PMCID: PMC4364006 DOI: 10.1155/2015/121826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a homeostatic mechanism through which intracellular organelles and proteins are degraded and recycled in response to increased metabolic demand or stress. Autophagy dysfunction is often associated with many diseases, including cancer. Because of its role in tumorigenesis, autophagy can represent a new therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in aged men. The evidence on alterations of autophagy related genes and/or protein levels in PCa cells suggests a potential implication of autophagy in PCa onset and progression. The use of natural compounds, characterized by low toxicity to normal tissue associated with specific anticancer effects at physiological levels in vivo, is receiving increasing attention for prevention and/or treatment of PCa. Understanding the mechanism of action of these compounds could be crucial for the development of new therapeutic or chemopreventive options. In this review we focus on the current evidence showing the capacity of natural compounds to exert their action through autophagy modulation in PCa cells.
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Kolberg M, Pedersen S, Bastani NE, Carlsen H, Blomhoff R, Paur I. Tomato Paste Alters NF-κB and Cancer-Related mRNA Expression in Prostate Cancer Cells, Xenografts, and Xenograft Microenvironment. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:305-15. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.990575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Boberg J, Johansson HKL, Hadrup N, Dreisig K, Berthelsen L, Almstrup K, Vinggaard AM, Hass U. Perinatal exposure to mixtures of anti-androgenic chemicals causes proliferative lesions in rat prostate. Prostate 2015; 75:126-40. [PMID: 25327291 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated levels of endogenous or exogenous estrogens during fetal life can induce permanent disturbances in prostate growth and predispose to precancerous lesions. Recent studies have indicated that also early anti-androgen exposure may affect prostate cancer risk. METHODS We examined the influence of perinatal exposure to mixtures of anti-androgenic and estrogenic chemicals on prostate development. Wistar rats were exposed from gestation day 7 to postnatal day 22 to a mixture of 8 anti-androgenic compounds (AAMix), a mixture of four estrogenic compounds (EMix), or paracetamol or a mixture of all 13 compounds (TotalMix) in mixture ratios reflecting human exposure levels. RESULTS Ventral prostate weights were reduced by the TotalMix and AAMix in pre-pubertal rats. Histological changes in prostate appeared with increasing age and indicated a shift from the normal age-dependent epithelial atrophy towards hyperplasia. These lesions showed similarities to pre-cancerous lesions in humans. Increased proliferation was observed already in pre-puberty and it was hypothesized that this could be associated with reduced ERβ signaling, but no clear conclusions could be made from gene expression studies on ERβ-related pathways. The influences of the estrogenic chemicals and paracetamol on prostate morphology were minor, but in young adulthood the estrogen mixture reduced ventral prostate mRNA levels of Igf1 and paracetamol reduced the mRNA level ofPbpc3. CONCLUSIONS Mixtures of endocrine disrupters relevant for human exposure was found to elicit persistent effects on the rat prostate following perinatal exposure, suggesting that human perinatal exposure to environmental chemicals may increase the risk of prostate cancer later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Boberg
- Division of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark
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43
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Murthy KNC, Jayaprakasha GK, Patil BS. Cytotoxicity of obacunone and obacunone glucoside in human prostate cancer cells involves Akt-mediated programmed cell death. Toxicology 2015; 329:88-97. [PMID: 25592883 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Obacunone and obacunone glucoside (OG) are naturally occurring triterpenoids commonly found in citrus and other plants of the Rutaceae family. The current study reports the mechanism of cytotoxicity of citrus-derived obacunone and OG on human androgen-dependent prostate cancer LNCaP cells. Both limonoids exhibited time- and dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation, with more than 60% inhibition of cell viability at 100 μM, after 24 and 48 h. Analysis of fragmentation of DNA, activity of caspase-3, and cytosolic cytochrome-c in the cells treated with limonoids provided evidence for activation of programmed cell death by limonoids. Treatment of LNCaP cells with obacunone and OG resulted in dose-dependent changes in expression of proteins responsible for the induction of programmed cell death through the intrinsic pathway and down-regulation of Akt, a key molecule in cell signaling pathways. In addition, obacunone and OG also negatively regulated an inflammation-associated transcription factor, androgen receptor, and prostate-specific antigen, and activated proteins related to the cell cycle, confirming the ability of limonoids to induce cytotoxicity through multiple pathways. The results of this study provided, for the first time, an evidence of the cytotoxicity of obacunone and OG in androgen-dependent human prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotamballi N Chidambara Murthy
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-2119, United States
| | | | - Bhimanagouda S Patil
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-2119, United States.
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44
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The role of dietary fat throughout the prostate cancer trajectory. Nutrients 2014; 6:6095-109. [PMID: 25533015 PMCID: PMC4277017 DOI: 10.3390/nu6126095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed world-wide; however, patients demonstrate exceptionally high survival rates. Many lifestyle factors, including obesity and diet, are considered risk factors for advanced prostate cancer. Dietary fat is a fundamental contributor to obesity and may be specifically important for prostate cancer patients. Prostate cancer treatment can result in changes in body composition, affecting quality of life for survivors by increasing the risk of co-morbidities, like cardiovascular disease and diabetes. We aim to examine dietary fat throughout the prostate cancer treatment trajectory, including risk, cancer development and survivorship. Focusing on one specific nutrient throughout the prostate cancer trajectory provides a unique perspective of dietary fat in prostate cancer and the mechanisms that may exacerbate prostate cancer risk, progression and recurrence. Through this approach, we noted that high intake of dietary fat, especially, high intake of animal and saturated fats, may be associated with increased prostate cancer risk. In contrast, a low-fat diet, specifically low in saturated fat, may be beneficial for prostate cancer survivors by reducing tumor angiogenesis and cancer recurrence. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)/Akt signaling pathway appears to be the key pathway moderating dietary fat intake and prostate cancer development and progression.
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45
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McCann MJ, Rowland IR, Roy NC. The anti-proliferative effects of enterolactone in prostate cancer cells: evidence for the role of DNA licencing genes, mi-R106b cluster expression, and PTEN dosage. Nutrients 2014; 6:4839-55. [PMID: 25372501 PMCID: PMC4245566 DOI: 10.3390/nu6114839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian lignan, enterolactone, has been shown to reduce the proliferation of the earlier stages of prostate cancer at physiological concentrations in vitro. However, efficacy in the later stages of the disease occurs at concentrations difficult to achieve through dietary modification. We have therefore investigated what concentration(s) of enterolactone can restrict proliferation in multiple stages of prostate cancer using an in vitro model system of prostate disease. We determined that enterolactone at 20 μM significantly restricted the proliferation of mid and late stage models of prostate disease. These effects were strongly associated with changes in the expression of the DNA licencing genes (GMNN, CDT1, MCM2 and 7), in reduced expression of the miR-106b cluster (miR-106b, miR-93, and miR-25), and in increased expression of the PTEN tumour suppressor gene. We have shown anti-proliferative effects of enterolactone in earlier stages of prostate disease than previously reported and that these effects are mediated, in part, by microRNA-mediated regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J McCann
- Food Nutrition & Health, Food and Bio-based Products, AgResearch Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Ian R Rowland
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, P.O. Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK.
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Food Nutrition & Health, Food and Bio-based Products, AgResearch Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
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Chang SN, Han J, Abdelkader TS, Kim TH, Lee JM, Song J, Kim KS, Park JH, Park JH. High animal fat intake enhances prostate cancer progression and reduces glutathione peroxidase 3 expression in early stages of TRAMP mice. Prostate 2014; 74:1266-77. [PMID: 25053105 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in Western men, and more men have been diagnosed at younger ages in recent years. A high-fat Western-style diet is a known risk factor for prostate cancer and increases oxidative stress. METHODS We evaluated the association between dietary animal fat and expression of antioxidant enzymes, particularly glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3), in the early stages of transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. Six-week-old male nontransgenic and TRAMP mice were placed on high animal fat (45% Kcal fat) or control (10% Kcal fat) diets and sacrificed after 5 or 10 weeks. RESULTS The histopathological score increased with age and high-fat diet consumption. The histopathological scores in dorsal and lateral lobes increased in the 10-week high-fat diet group (6.2±0.2 and 6.2±0.4, respectively) versus the 10-week control diet group (5.3±0.3 and 5.2±0.2, respectively). GPx3 decreased both at the mRNA and protein levels in mouse prostate. GPx3 mRNA expression decreased (∼36.27% and ∼23.91%, respectively) in the anterior and dorsolateral prostate of TRAMP mice fed a high-fat diet compared to TRAMP mice fed a control diet. Cholesterol treatment increased PC-3 human prostate cancer cell proliferation, decreased GPx3 mRNA and protein levels, and increased H2 O2 levels in culture medium. Moreover, increasing GPx3 mRNA expression by troglitazone in PC-3 cells decreased cell proliferation and lowered H2 O2 levels. CONCLUSIONS Dietary fat enhances prostate cancer progression, possibly by suppressing GPx3 expression and increasing proliferation of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Na Chang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Albanes D, Till C, Klein EA, Goodman PJ, Mondul AM, Weinstein SJ, Taylor PR, Parnes HL, Gaziano JM, Song X, Fleshner NE, Brown PH, Meyskens FL, Thompson IM. Plasma tocopherols and risk of prostate cancer in the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT). Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:886-95. [PMID: 24961880 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) showed higher prostate cancer incidence in men supplemented with high-dose α-tocopherol. We, therefore, examined whether presupplementation plasma α-tocopherol or γ-tocopherol was associated with overall or high-grade prostate cancer. A stratified case-cohort sample that included 1,746 incident prostate cancer cases diagnosed through June 2009 and a subcohort of 3,211 men was derived from the SELECT trial of 35,533 men. Plasma was collected at entry from 2001 to 2004, and median follow-up was 5.5 years (range, 0-7.9 years). Incidence of prostate cancer as a function of plasma α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and supplementation with α-tocopherol or selenomethionine was estimated by the hazard ratio (HR). Plasma γ-tocopherol was not associated with prostate cancer. Men with higher α-tocopherol concentrations seemed to have risk similar to that of men with lower concentrations [overall HR for fifth (Q5) vs. first quintile (Q1), 1.21; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.88-1.66; P-trend = 0.24; in the trial placebo arm, Q5 HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.44-1.62; P-trend = 0.66]. We found a strong positive plasma α-tocopherol association among men receiving the trial selenomethionine supplement [Q5 HR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.29-3.22; P-trend = 0.005]. A positive plasma α-tocopherol-prostate cancer association also seemed limited to high-grade disease (Gleason grade, 7-10; overall Q5 HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.13-2.24; P-trend = 0.001; among men receiving selenomethionine, Q5 HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.32-3.40; P-trend = 0.0002). Our findings indicate that higher plasma α-tocopherol concentrations may interact with selenomethionine supplements to increase high-grade prostate cancer risk, suggesting a biologic interaction between α-tocopherol and selenium itself or selenomethionine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrius Albanes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
| | - Cathee Till
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Eric A Klein
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Phyllis J Goodman
- SWOG Statistical Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Alison M Mondul
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Stephanie J Weinstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Philip R Taylor
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Howard L Parnes
- Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Massachusetts Veteran's Epidemiology, Research and Information Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Biomarker Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Neil E Fleshner
- Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Powel H Brown
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Frank L Meyskens
- University of California at Irvine, Department of Medicine, Orange, California
| | - Ian M Thompson
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas
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Mandair D, Rossi RE, Pericleous M, Whyand T, Caplin ME. Prostate cancer and the influence of dietary factors and supplements: a systematic review. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2014; 11:30. [PMID: 24976856 PMCID: PMC4073189 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-11-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer worldwide after lung cancer. There is increasing evidence that diet and lifestyle plays a crucial role in prostate cancer biology and tumourigenesis. Prostate cancer itself represents a good model of cancer in which to look for chemopreventive agents due to the high disease prevalence, slowly progressive nature, and long latency period. Dietary agents have gained considerable attention, often receiving much publicity in the media. Aim To review the key evidence available for potential chemopreventive nutrients. Methods The methodology for this review involved a PubMed search from 1990 to 2013 using the key-words “diet and prostate cancer”, “nutrition and prostate cancer”, “dietary factors and prostate cancer”, “prostate cancer epidemiology”, “prostate cancer prevention”, “prostate cancer progression”. Results Red meat, dietary fat and milk intake should be minimised as they appear to increase the risk of prostate cancer. Fruit and vegetables and polyphenols may be preventive in prostate cancer, but further studies are needed to draw more solid conclusions and to clarify their role in patients with an established diagnosis of prostate cancer. Selenium and vitamin supplements cannot be advocated for the prevention of prostate cancer and indeed higher doses may be associated with a worse prognosis. There is no specific evidence regarding benefits of probiotics or prebiotics in prostate cancer. Conclusions From the wealth of evidence available, many recommendations can be made although more randomised control trials are required. These need to be carefully designed due to the many confounding factors and heterogeneity of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalvinder Mandair
- Centre for Gastroenterology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK ; Cancer Institute, University College London, Huntley Street, London, UK
| | - Roberta Elisa Rossi
- Centre for Gastroenterology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK ; Department of Pathophysiology and Organ Transplant, Universita' degli Studi di Milano and Gastroenterology Unit II, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marinos Pericleous
- Centre for Gastroenterology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Tara Whyand
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Martyn Evan Caplin
- Centre for Gastroenterology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK
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Yatkin E, Polari L, Laajala TD, Smeds A, Eckerman C, Holmbom B, Saarinen NM, Aittokallio T, Mäkelä SI. Novel Lignan and stilbenoid mixture shows anticarcinogenic efficacy in preclinical PC-3M-luc2 prostate cancer model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93764. [PMID: 24699425 PMCID: PMC3974786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer of men in the Western world, and novel approaches for prostate cancer risk reduction are needed. Plant-derived phenolic compounds attenuate prostate cancer growth in preclinical models by several mechanisms, which is in line with epidemiological findings suggesting that consumption of plant-based diets is associated with low risk of prostate cancer. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a novel lignan-stilbenoid mixture in PC-3M-luc2 human prostate cancer cells in vitro and in orthotopic xenografts. Lignan and stilbenoid –rich extract was obtained from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) knots. Pine knot extract as well as stilbenoids (methyl pinosylvin and pinosylvin), and lignans (matairesinol and nortrachelogenin) present in pine knot extract showed antiproliferative and proapoptotic efficacy at ≥40 μM concentration in vitro. Furthermore, pine knot extract derived stilbenoids enhanced tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) induced apoptosis already at ≥10 μM concentrations. In orthotopic PC-3M-luc2 xenograft bearing immunocompromized mice, three-week peroral exposure to pine knot extract (52 mg of lignans and stilbenoids per kg of body weight) was well tolerated and showed anti-tumorigenic efficacy, demonstrated by multivariate analysis combining essential markers of tumor growth (i.e. tumor volume, vascularization, and cell proliferation). Methyl pinosylvin, pinosylvin, matairesinol, nortrachelogenin, as well as resveratrol, a metabolite of pinosylvin, were detected in serum at total concentration of 7−73 μM, confirming the bioavailability of pine knot extract derived lignans and stilbenoids. In summary, our data indicates that pine knot extract is a novel and cost-effective source of resveratrol, methyl pinosylvin and other bioactive lignans and stilbenoids. Pine knot extract shows anticarcinogenic efficacy in preclinical prostate cancer model, and our in vitro data suggests that compounds derived from the extract may have potential as novel chemosensitizers to TRAIL. These findings promote further research on health-related applications of wood biochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Yatkin
- Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling (TCDM), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Polari
- Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling (TCDM), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu D. Laajala
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Annika Smeds
- Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Turku, Finland
| | - Christer Eckerman
- Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Turku, Finland
| | - Bjarne Holmbom
- Åbo Akademi University, Process Chemistry Centre, Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Turku, Finland
| | - Niina M. Saarinen
- Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling (TCDM), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tero Aittokallio
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari I. Mäkelä
- Functional Foods Forum, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling (TCDM), Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- * E-mail:
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50
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Abstract
The high global incidence of prostate cancer has led to a focus on chemoprevention strategies to reduce the public health impact of the disease. Early studies indicating that selenium and vitamin E might protect against prostate cancer encouraged large-scale studies that produced mixed clinical results. Next-generation prostate cancer prevention trials validated the impact of 5α-reductase inhibitors in hormone-responsive prostate cancer, and these results were confirmed in follow-up studies. Other interventions on the horizon, involving both dietary and pharmacological agents, hold some promise but require further investigation to validate their efficacy. In this Review, we discuss the clinical and preclinical evidence for dietary and pharmacological prevention of prostate cancer and give an overview of future opportunities for chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Thompson
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Mail Code 8026, 7979 Wurzbach, Suite 627, Zeller Building, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - April B Cabang
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Mail Code 8026, 7979 Wurzbach, Suite 627, Zeller Building, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Michael J Wargovich
- Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Mail Code 8026, 7979 Wurzbach, Suite 627, Zeller Building, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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