1
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Zhou J, Liu X, Yin H, Zhou Y, Xu Z, Zhou K, Li T, Fang Y, Shen Q. Nur77 inhibition of β-catenin expression mediates Hepatoblastoma progression and enhances cisplatin's therapeutic effect. Gene 2024; 908:148292. [PMID: 38369247 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common malignant tumor in children under 5 years old, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. Nur77 has been reported to be an important regulator for cancer progression in various cancer types. This study found that Nur77 was downregulated in HB tumors, compared with paracancer tissue. Knockout or overexpression of Nur77 in HB tumor cell line HepG2 and HuH6 could significantly enhance or inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. Further studies illustrated that Nur77 regulated the proliferation of tumor cells by affecting the expression of β-catenin. Nur77 agonist Csn-B effectively enhanced the therapeutic effect of cisplatin on HB tumors both in vitro and in vivo. This study confirms that Nur77 may act as an oncogene in HB tumors and mediate the progression of HB by inhibiting the expression of β-catenin, which provides a new targeted therapy for the clinical treatment of HB patients; meanwhile, the combination of Nur77 agonist and cisplatin treatment may improve the chemotherapeutic efficacy of HB patients, which provides a new idea for the improvement of the clinical prognosis of HB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Hanjun Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group Suqian Hospital, Suqian, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongya Xu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yongjun Fang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qiyang Shen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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García-Yagüe ÁJ, Cuadrado A. Mechanisms of NURR1 Regulation: Consequences for Its Biological Activity and Involvement in Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12280. [PMID: 37569656 PMCID: PMC10419244 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
NURR1 (Nuclear receptor-related 1 protein or NR4A2) is a nuclear protein receptor transcription factor with an essential role in the development, regulation, and maintenance of dopaminergic neurons and mediates the response to stressful stimuli during the perinatal period in mammalian brain development. The dysregulation of NURR1 activity may play a role in various diseases, including the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, and several other pathologies. NURR1 is regulated by multiple mechanisms, among which phosphorylation by kinases or SUMOylation are the best characterized. Both post-translational modifications can regulate the activity of NURR1, affecting its stability and transcriptional activity. Other non-post-translational regulatory mechanisms include changes in its subcellular distribution or interaction with other protein partners by heterodimerization, also affecting its transcription activity. Here, we summarize the currently known regulatory mechanisms of NURR1 and provide a brief overview of its participation in pathological alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Juan García-Yagüe
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), 28027 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBER-CIBERNED), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, Planta, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), 28027 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBER-CIBERNED), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5. Pabellón 11, Planta, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Wang H, Zhang M, Fang F, Xu C, Liu J, Gao L, Zhao C, Wang Z, Zhong Y, Wang X. The nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A1 in human disease. Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 101:148-159. [PMID: 36861809 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2022-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1), a member of the NR4A subfamily, acts as a gene regulator in a wide range of signaling pathways and responses to human diseases. Here, we provide a brief overview of the current functions of NR4A1 in human diseases and the factors involved in its function. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms can potentially improve drug development and disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuang Wang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Mengjuan Zhang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Jiazhi Liu
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Lanjun Gao
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns Research, Shijiazhuang 050091, China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns Research, Shijiazhuang 050091, China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, College of Integrative Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Xiangting Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-Kidney Patterns Research, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
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4
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Zhang M, Shi Z, Zhang S, Li X, To SKY, Peng Y, Liu J, Chen S, Hu H, Wong AST, Zeng JZ. The Ginsenoside Compound K Suppresses Stem-Cell-like Properties and Colorectal Cancer Metastasis by Targeting Hypoxia-Driven Nur77-Akt Feed-Forward Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010024. [PMID: 36612021 PMCID: PMC9817892 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia reprograms cancer stem cells. Nur77, an orphan nuclear receptor, highly expresses and facilitates colorectal cancer (CRC) stemness and metastasis under a hypoxic microenvironment. However, safe and effective small molecules that target Nur77 for CSC depletion remain unexplored. Here, we report our identification of the ginsenoside compound K (CK) as a new ligand of Nur77. CK strongly inhibits hypoxia-induced CRC sphere formation and CSC phenotypes in a Nur77-dependent manner. Hypoxia induces an intriguing Nur77-Akt feed-forward loop, resulting in reinforced PI3K/Akt signaling that is druggable by targeting Nur77. CK directly binds and modulates Nur77 phosphorylation to block the Nur77-Akt activation loop by disassociating Nur77 from the p63-bound Dicer promoter. The transcription of Dicer that is silenced under a hypoxia microenvironment is thus reactivated by CK. Consequently, the expression and processing capability of microRNA let-7i-5p are significantly increased, which targets PIK3CA mRNA for decay. The in vivo results showed that CK suppresses cancer stemness and metastasis without causing significant adverse effects. Given that the majority of FDA-approved and currently clinically tested PI3K/Akt inhibitors are reversible ATP-competitive kinase antagonists, targeting Nur77 for PI3K/Akt inactivation may provide an alternative strategy to overcoming concerns about drug selectivity and safety. The mechanistic target identification provides a basis for exploring CK as a promising nutraceutical against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minda Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zeyu Shi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xudan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Sally Kit Yan To
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yijia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Siming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hongyu Hu
- Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University, Lanxi 321004, China
| | - Alice Sze Tsai Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Correspondence: (A.S.T.W.); (J.-Z.Z.)
| | - Jin-Zhang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Correspondence: (A.S.T.W.); (J.-Z.Z.)
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5
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di Martino O, Niu H, Hadwiger G, Ferris MA, Welch JS. Cytokine exposure mediates transcriptional activation of the orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 in hematopoietic cells. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101240. [PMID: 34571009 PMCID: PMC8528724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 is an immediate-early response gene that based on tissue and cell context is implicated in a plethora of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, metabolism, and inflammation. Nur77 has a ligand-binding pocket that is obstructed by hydrophobic side groups. Naturally occurring, cell-endogenous ligands have not been identified, and Nur77 transcriptional activity is thought to be regulated through posttranslational modification and modulation of protein levels. To determine whether Nur77 is transcriptionally active in hematopoietic cells in vivo, we used an upstream activating sequence (UAS)-GFP transgenic reporter. We found that Nur77 is transcriptionally inactive in vivo in hematopoietic cells under basal conditions, but that activation occurs following cytokine exposure by G-CSF or IL-3. We also identified a series of serine residues required for cytokine-dependent transactivation of Nur77. Moreover, a kinase inhibitor library screen and proximity labeling-based mass spectrometry identified overlapping kinase pathways that physically interacted with Nur77 and whose inhibition abrogated cytokine-induced activation of Nur77. We determined that transcriptional activation of Nur77 by G-CSF or IL-3 requires functional JAK and mTor signaling since their inhibition leads to Nur77 transcriptional inactivation. Thus, intracellular cytokine signaling networks appear to regulate Nur77 transcriptional activity in mouse hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsola di Martino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Haixia Niu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA; Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer & Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Gayla Hadwiger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Margaret A Ferris
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - John S Welch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
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6
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Targeting Pin1 for Modulation of Cell Motility and Cancer Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040359. [PMID: 33807199 PMCID: PMC8065645 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (Pin1) specifically binds and isomerizes the phosphorylated serine/threonine-proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) motif, which leads to changes in protein conformation and function. Pin1 is widely overexpressed in cancers and plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Mounting evidence has revealed that targeting Pin1 is a potential therapeutic approach for various cancers by inhibiting cell proliferation, reducing metastasis, and maintaining genome stability. In this review, we summarize the underlying mechanisms of Pin1-mediated upregulation of oncogenes and downregulation of tumor suppressors in cancer development. Furthermore, we also discuss the multiple roles of Pin1 in cancer hallmarks and examine Pin1 as a desirable pharmaceutical target for cancer therapy. We also summarize the recent progress of Pin1-targeted small-molecule compounds for anticancer activity.
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7
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Dodat F, Cotnoir-White D, Dianati E, Vallet A, Mader S, Lévesque D. Complex regulation of orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 (Nr4a1) transcriptional activity by SUMO2 and PIASγ. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118908. [PMID: 33189785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nur77 (NGFI-B) is a nuclear receptor that belongs to the Nr4a family of orphan nuclear receptors (Nr4a1). This transcription factor has been implicated in the regulation of multiple functions, such as cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism, and brain function. However, the mechanisms involved in its different regulatory properties remain unclear. In search for regulatory mechanisms of Nur77 function, we identified that Protein Inhibitor of Activated STAT gamma (PIASγ), an E3 SUMO-protein ligase, potently repressed Nur77 transcriptional activity in HEK-293T cells. This PIASγ activity was sensitive to Sentrin SUMO-specific protease 1 (SENP1). Substitution of two putative phylogenetically well-conserved small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) acceptor sites, lysine 102 (K102) and 577 (K577) by arginine residues (R) modulated Nur77 transcriptional activity. In particular, Nur77-K102R and Nur77-K102R/K577R mutants strongly decreased the transcriptional activity of Nur77, whereas single K577R substitution increased transcriptional activity of Nur77. Repression of Nur77 transcriptional activity by SUMO2 and PIASγ was reduced by the K577R mutation, whereas the K102R mutant remained insensitive to SUMO2. Interestingly, the roles of these SUMO acceptor sites in Nur77 are distinct from previously observed activities on its close homolog Nurr1. Thus, the present study identified SUMO2 and PIASγ as important transcriptional co-regulators of Nur77.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatéma Dodat
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - David Cotnoir-White
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie (IRIC), Université de Montréal et Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Elham Dianati
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie (IRIC), Université de Montréal et Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Amandine Vallet
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie (IRIC), Université de Montréal et Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Mader
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et Cancérologie (IRIC), Université de Montréal et Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Lévesque
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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8
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Hu X, Chen LF. Pinning Down the Transcription: A Role for Peptidyl-Prolyl cis-trans Isomerase Pin1 in Gene Expression. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:179. [PMID: 32266261 PMCID: PMC7100383 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pin1 is a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase that specifically binds to a phosphorylated serine or threonine residue preceding a proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) motif and catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of proline imidic peptide bond, resulting in conformational change of its substrates. Pin1 regulates many biological processes and is also involved in the development of human diseases, like cancer and neurological diseases. Many Pin1 substrates are transcription factors and transcription regulators, including RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and factors associated with transcription initiation, elongation, termination and post-transcription mRNA decay. By changing the stability, subcellular localization, protein-protein or protein-DNA/RNA interactions of these transcription related proteins, Pin1 modulates the transcription of many genes related to cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and immune response. Here, we will discuss how Pin regulates the properties of these transcription relevant factors for effective gene expression and how Pin1-mediated transcription contributes to the diverse pathophysiological functions of Pin1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Hu
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lin-Feng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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9
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Yu JH, Im CY, Min SH. Function of PIN1 in Cancer Development and Its Inhibitors as Cancer Therapeutics. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:120. [PMID: 32258027 PMCID: PMC7089927 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PIN1) specifically binds and isomerizes the phosphorylated serine/threonine-proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) motif, which results in the alteration of protein structure, function, and stability. The altered structure and function of these phosphorylated proteins regulated by PIN1 are closely related to cancer development. PIN1 is highly expressed in human cancers and promotes cancer as well as cancer stem cells by breaking the balance of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. In this review, we discuss the roles of PIN1 in cancer and PIN1-targeted small-molecule compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Yu
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chun Young Im
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hyun Min
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu, South Korea
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10
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Guan YF, Huang QL, Ai YL, Chen QT, Zhao WX, Wang XM, Wu Q, Chen HZ. Nur77-activated lncRNA WFDC21P attenuates hepatocarcinogenesis via modulating glycolysis. Oncogene 2020; 39:2408-2423. [PMID: 31959898 PMCID: PMC7067692 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1158-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Orphan nuclear receptor Nur77, which is low expressed in HCC, functions as a tumor suppressor to suppress HCC. However, the detailed mechanism is still not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that Nur77 could inhibit HCC development via transcriptional activation of the lncRNA WAP four-disulfide core domain 21 pseudogene (WFDC21P). Nur77 binds to its response elements on the WFDC21P promoter to directly induce WFDC21P transcription, which inhibits HCC cell proliferation, tumor growth, and tumor metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. In clinical HCC samples, WFDC21P expression positively correlated with that of Nur77, and the loss of WFDC21P is associated with worse prognosis. Mechanistically, WFDC21P could inhibit glycolysis by simultaneously interacting with PFKP and PKM2, two key enzymes in glycolysis. These interactions not only abrogate the tetramer formation of PFKP to impede its catalytic activity but also prevent the nuclear translocation of PKM2 to suppress its function as a transcriptional coactivator. Cytosporone-B (Csn-B), an agonist for Nur77, could stimulate WFDC21P expression and suppress HCC in a WFDC21P-dependent manner. Therefore, our study reveals a new HCC suppressor and connects the glycolytic remodeling of HCC with the Nur77-WFDC21P-PFKP/PKM2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Feng Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, PR China
| | - Qiao-Ling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yuan-Li Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, PR China
| | - Qi-Tao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, PR China
| | - Wen-Xiu Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Zhong Shan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, PR China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chronic Liver Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Zhong Shan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, Fujian, PR China
| | - Qiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, PR China
| | - Hang-Zi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, PR China.
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11
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Function of Nr4a Orphan Nuclear Receptors in Proliferation, Apoptosis and Fuel Utilization Across Tissues. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111373. [PMID: 31683815 PMCID: PMC6912296 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nr4a family of nuclear hormone receptors is composed of three members-Nr4a1/Nur77, Nr4a2/Nurr1 and Nr4a3/Nor1. While currently defined as ligandless, these transcription factors have been shown to regulate varied processes across a host of tissues. Of particular interest, the Nr4a family impinge, in a tissue dependent fashion, on cellular proliferation, apoptosis and fuel utilization. The regulation of these processes occurs through both nuclear and non-genomic pathways. The purpose of this review is to provide a balanced perspective of the tissue specific and Nr4a family member specific, effects on cellular proliferation, apoptosis and fuel utilization.
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12
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Banno A, Lakshmi SP, Reddy AT, Kim SC, Reddy RC. Key Functions and Therapeutic Prospects of Nur77 in Inflammation Related Lung Diseases. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 189:482-491. [PMID: 30414411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Nur77 belongs to the NR4A subfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. It features an atypical ligand-binding site that precludes canonical ligand binding, leading to the designation orphan nuclear receptor. However, recent studies show that small molecules can interact with the receptor and modulate its activity by inducing a conformational change in the Nur77 ligand-binding site. Nur77 expression and activation are rapidly induced by various physiological and pathologic stimuli. Once expressed, Nur77 initiates transcriptional activity and modulates expression of its target genes. Both in vitro and in vivo evidence shows that Nur77 dampens the immune response to proinflammatory stimuli, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, Toll-like receptor ligands, and oxidized lipids, primarily by suppressing NF-κB signaling. Although studies focusing on Nur77's role in lung pathophysiology are currently incomplete, available data support its involvement in the pathogenesis of lung diseases, including asthma, acute lung injury, and pulmonary fibrosis, and thus suggest a therapeutic potential for Nur77 activation in these diseases. This review addresses the mechanisms that control Nur77 as well as its known roles in inflammation-related lung diseases. Evidence regarding the therapeutic potential of Nur77-targeting molecules will also be presented. Although current knowledge is limited, additional research followed by clinical studies may firmly identify Nur77 as a pharmacologic target for inflammation-related lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asoka Banno
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sowmya P Lakshmi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Aravind T Reddy
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Seong C Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Raju C Reddy
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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13
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Huang B, Pei HZ, Chang HW, Baek SH. The E3 ubiquitin ligase Trim13 regulates Nur77 stability via casein kinase 2α. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13895. [PMID: 30224829 PMCID: PMC6141542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32391-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nur77 is a member of the NR4A subfamily of nuclear receptors and has been shown to regulate various biological processes such as apoptosis and inflammation. Here, we show that Nur77 ubiquitination is mediated by the tripartite motif 13 (Trim13), a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase. The interaction between Nur77 and Trim13 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Moreover, we found that Lys539 in Nur77 ubiquitination is targeted for Trim13, which leads to Nur77 degradation. The Trim13-mediated ubiquitination of Nur77 was optimal in the presence of the E2 enzyme UbcH5. Importantly, in addition to Trim13-mediated ubiquitination, the stability of Nur77 was also regulated by casein kinase 2α (CK2α). Pharmacological inhibition of CK2 markedly increased Nur77 levels, whereas overexpression of CK2α, but not its inactive mutant, dramatically decreased Nur77 levels by promoting Nur77 ubiquitination. CK2α phosphorylated Ser154 in Nur77 and thereby regulated Nur77 protein levels by promoting its ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Importantly, we also show that degradation of Nur77 is involved in TNFα-mediated IL-6 production via CK2α and Trim13. Taken together, these results suggest that the sequential phosphorylation and ubiquitination of Nur77 controls its degradation, and provide a therapeutic approach for regulating Nur77 activity through the CK2α-Trim13 axis as a mechanism to control the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Han Zhong Pei
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyeun-Wook Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea.
| | - Suk-Hwan Baek
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, South Korea.
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14
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Prolyl isomerase Pin1: a promoter of cancer and a target for therapy. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:883. [PMID: 30158600 PMCID: PMC6115400 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0844-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pin1 is the only known peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase (PPIase) that specifically recognizes and isomerizes the phosphorylated Serine/Threonine-Proline (pSer/Thr-Pro) motif. The Pin1-mediated structural transformation posttranslationally regulates the biofunctions of multiple proteins. Pin1 is involved in many cellular processes, the aberrance of which lead to both degenerative and neoplastic diseases. Pin1 is highly expressed in the majority of cancers and its deficiency significantly suppresses cancer progression. According to the ground-breaking summaries by Hanahan D and Weinberg RA, the hallmarks of cancer comprise ten biological capabilities. Multiple researches illuminated that Pin1 contributes to these aberrant behaviors of cancer via promoting various cancer-driving pathways. This review summarized the detailed mechanisms of Pin1 in different cancer capabilities and certain Pin1-targeted small-molecule compounds that exhibit anticancer activities, expecting to facilitate anticancer therapies by targeting Pin1.
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15
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Sanchez M, Xia Z, Rico-Bautista E, Cao X, Cuddy M, Castro DJ, Correa RG, Chen L, Yu J, Bobkov A, Ruvolo V, Andreeff M, Oshima RG, Matsuzawa SI, Reed JC, Zhang XK, Hansel D, Wolf DA, Dawson MI. Oxidized analogs of Di(1 H-indol-3-yl)methyl-4-substituted benzenes are NR4A1-dependent UPR inducers with potent and safe anti-cancer activity. Oncotarget 2018; 9:25057-25074. [PMID: 29861853 PMCID: PMC5982742 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Di(1H-indol-3-yl)(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)methane (DIM-Ph-4-CF3) is an analog of orphan nuclear receptor 4A1 (NR4A1) ligand cytosporone B. We have synthesized several oxidation products of DIM-Ph-4-CF3, focusing on analogs with electron-withdrawing or donating groups at their phenyl ring 4-positions, and examined their anti-cancer activity and mechanism-of-action. Mesylates (DIM-Ph-4-X+ OMs-s) having CF3, CO2Me and Cl groups were more effective inhibitors of cancer cell viability than their precursors. 19F NMR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry strongly indicated interactions of DIM-Ph-4-CF3+ OMs- with the NR4A1 ligand binding domain, and compound-induced apoptosis of prostate cancer cells was dependent on NR4A1. DIM-Ph-4-CF3+ OMs- showed robust inhibition of LNCaP prostate cancer xenografts with no apparent toxicity. In vitro and in vivo, DIM-Ph-4-CF3+ OMs- activated proapoptotic unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling in prostate cancer cells. Independently of DIM-Ph-4-CF3+ OMs-, the bulk of NR4A1 localized to the cytoplasm in various cancer cell lines, suggesting a cytoplasmic mechanism-of-action of DIM-Ph-4-CF3+ OMs- in UPR induction and cell death. In summary, the data suggest that oxidized analogs of DIM-Ph-4-CF3 possess potent and safe anti-cancer activity which is mediated through UPR signaling downstream of NR4A1 binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Sanchez
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Zebin Xia
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | | | - Xihua Cao
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Michael Cuddy
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - David J. Castro
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
- Oregon Health and Science University School of Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ricardo G. Correa
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Liqun Chen
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Jinghua Yu
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Andrey Bobkov
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Vivian Ruvolo
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Michael Andreeff
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Robert G. Oshima
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
| | - Shu-Ichi Matsuzawa
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
- Present address: Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - John C. Reed
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
- Present address: Roche, Pharma Research and Early Development, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xiao-Kun Zhang
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and Center for Stress Signaling Networks, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Donna Hansel
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Dieter A. Wolf
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and Center for Stress Signaling Networks, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Marcia I. Dawson
- Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, USA
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16
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Li XX, Wang ZJ, Zheng Y, Guan YF, Yang PB, Chen X, Peng C, He JP, Ai YL, Wu SF, Chien KY, Wu Q, Chen HZ. Nuclear Receptor Nur77 Facilitates Melanoma Cell Survival under Metabolic Stress by Protecting Fatty Acid Oxidation. Mol Cell 2018; 69:480-492.e7. [PMID: 29395065 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is crucial for cells to overcome metabolic stress by providing ATP and NADPH. However, the mechanism by which FAO is regulated in tumors remains elusive. Here we show that Nur77 is required for the metabolic adaptation of melanoma cells by protecting FAO. Glucose deprivation activates ERK2 to phosphorylate and induce Nur77 translocation to the mitochondria, where Nur77 binds to TPβ, a rate-limiting enzyme in FAO. Although TPβ activity is normally inhibited by oxidation under glucose deprivation, the Nur77-TPβ association results in Nur77 self-sacrifice to protect TPβ from oxidation. FAO is therefore able to maintain NADPH and ATP levels and prevent ROS increase and cell death. The Nur77-TPβ interaction further promotes melanoma metastasis by facilitating circulating melanoma cell survival. This study demonstrates a novel regulatory function of Nur77 with linkage of the FAO-NADPH-ROS pathway during metabolic stress, suggesting Nur77 as a potential therapeutic target in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yun-Feng Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Peng-Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jian-Ping He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yuan-Li Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Sheng-Fu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China
| | - Kun-Yi Chien
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Qiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Hang-Zi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, China.
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17
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Vivoli M, Renou J, Chevalier A, Norville IH, Diaz S, Juli C, Atkins H, Holzgrabe U, Renard PY, Sarkar-Tyson M, Harmer NJ. A miniaturized peptidyl-prolyl isomerase enzyme assay. Anal Biochem 2017; 536:59-68. [PMID: 28803887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Prolyl-peptidyl isomerases (PPIases) are enzymes that are found in all living organisms. They form an essential part of the cellular protein folding homeostasis machinery. PPIases are associated with many important human diseases, e.g. cardiovascular disease, cancer and Alzheimer's. The development of novel PPIase inhibitors has been limited by the lack of a rapid, laboratory-based assay for these enzymes, as their substrates and products are challenging to distinguish. A well described continuous assay, coupled with the hydrolysis of a peptide by chymotrypsin is highly effective, but comparatively slow. To address this, we developed an improved version of the traditional assay using a temperature controlled plate reader. This assay allows semi-automated medium throughput assays in an academic laboratory for 84 samples per day. The assay shows lower errors, with an average Z' of 0.72. We further developed the assay using a fluorogenic peptide-based FRET probe. This provides an extremely sensitive PPIase assay using substrate at 200 nM, which approaches single turnover conditions. The fluorescent probe achieves an excellent quenching efficiency of 98.6%, and initial experiments showed acceptable Z' of 0.31 and 0.30 for cyclophilin A and hFKBP12 respectively. The assays provide an improved toolset for the quantitative, biochemical analysis of PPIases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Vivoli
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Renou
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CNRS, INSAREOUEN, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, 1 rue Tesnière 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Arnaud Chevalier
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CNRS, INSAREOUEN, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, 1 rue Tesnière 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Isobel H Norville
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Suraya Diaz
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Juli
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 970074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Helen Atkins
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrike Holzgrabe
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 970074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CNRS, INSAREOUEN, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, 1 rue Tesnière 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Mitali Sarkar-Tyson
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down SP4 0JQ, United Kingdom; Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases, School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Harmer
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom.
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18
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Zhang L, Xie F, Zhang J, Dijke PT, Zhou F. SUMO-triggered ubiquitination of NR4A1 controls macrophage cell death. Cell Death Differ 2017. [PMID: 28622293 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor NR4A1 has been implicated as a key regulator in a wide range of pathophysiological responses. As an immediate early response gene, NR4A1 can be rapidly and potently induced by a variety of stimuli. Its induction is followed by its rapid degradation, but the mechanism by which NR4A1 is degraded remains poorly understood. Here we show that nuclear receptor NR4A1 is sumoylated by SUMO2/3. Upon poly-SUMO modification, NR4A1 can be targeted by the SUMO-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF4 for polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation. The SUMO E3 ligase PIAS3 promotes SUMOylation and polyubiquitination of NR4A1, while the SUMO protease SENP1 acts to de-conjugate SUMO. We demonstrate that this pathway is important for rapid degradation of NR4A1 after induced by stress. Moreover, we identify two SUMO modification sites in NR4A1 that are critical for maintaining low levels of NR4A1 expression. Mutation of these two NR4A1 SUMO modification sites enhances the stability of NR4A1. Importantly, we show that SUMOylation is critical in controlling NR4A1 function in inflammatory cytokine signaling and controlling macrophage cell death. SUMOylation and subsequent ubiquitination on NR4A1 mitigates its inhibition of innate immune signaling, such as TNF-α- and IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation. This mechanism of sequential SUMOylation and ubiquitination, which together control the degradation of NR4A1, could be exploited for the therapeutic treatment of diseases with NR4A1 involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Centre for Biomedical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Postbus 9600 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Centre for Biomedical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Postbus 9600 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
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19
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Campaner E, Rustighi A, Zannini A, Cristiani A, Piazza S, Ciani Y, Kalid O, Golan G, Baloglu E, Shacham S, Valsasina B, Cucchi U, Pippione AC, Lolli ML, Giabbai B, Storici P, Carloni P, Rossetti G, Benvenuti F, Bello E, D'Incalci M, Cappuzzello E, Rosato A, Del Sal G. A covalent PIN1 inhibitor selectively targets cancer cells by a dual mechanism of action. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15772. [PMID: 28598431 PMCID: PMC5472749 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The prolyl isomerase PIN1, a critical modifier of multiple signalling pathways, is overexpressed in the majority of cancers and its activity strongly contributes to tumour initiation and progression. Inactivation of PIN1 function conversely curbs tumour growth and cancer stem cell expansion, restores chemosensitivity and blocks metastatic spread, thus providing the rationale for a therapeutic strategy based on PIN1 inhibition. Notwithstanding, potent PIN1 inhibitors are still missing from the arsenal of anti-cancer drugs. By a mechanism-based screening, we have identified a novel covalent PIN1 inhibitor, KPT-6566, able to selectively inhibit PIN1 and target it for degradation. We demonstrate that KPT-6566 covalently binds to the catalytic site of PIN1. This interaction results in the release of a quinone-mimicking drug that generates reactive oxygen species and DNA damage, inducing cell death specifically in cancer cells. Accordingly, KPT-6566 treatment impairs PIN1-dependent cancer phenotypes in vitro and growth of lung metastasis in vivo. PIN1 is a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In this study, the authors identify a covalent inhibitor of PIN1 with anti-tumour and anti-metastatic properties thanks to PIN1 inactivation and to the release, after binding to PIN1, of a quinone-mimicking compound that elicits reactive oxygen generation and causes DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Campaner
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park Padriciano, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rustighi
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park Padriciano, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Alessandro Zannini
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park Padriciano, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Alberto Cristiani
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park Padriciano, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Silvano Piazza
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park Padriciano, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Yari Ciani
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park Padriciano, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Ori Kalid
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, Massachusetts 02459, USA
| | - Gali Golan
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, Massachusetts 02459, USA
| | - Erkan Baloglu
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, Massachusetts 02459, USA
| | - Sharon Shacham
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, Massachusetts 02459, USA
| | | | - Ulisse Cucchi
- Nerviano Medical Sciences Srl, Nerviano 20014, Italy
| | | | - Marco Lucio Lolli
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Torino, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Barbara Giabbai
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Area Science Park Basovizza, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Paola Storici
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Area Science Park Basovizza, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Paolo Carloni
- Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-5) and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany
| | - Giulia Rossetti
- Computational Biomedicine, Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-5) and Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany.,Jülich Supercomputing Center (JSC), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich 52425, Germany.,Department of Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Federica Benvenuti
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Area Science Park Padriciano, Trieste 34149, Italy
| | - Ezia Bello
- IRCCS-Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Maurizio D'Incalci
- IRCCS-Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milano 20156, Italy
| | - Elisa Cappuzzello
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Oncology and Immunology Section, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Oncology and Immunology Section, University of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Oncology (IOV)-IRCCS, Padova 35128, Italy
| | - Giannino Del Sal
- National Laboratory CIB (LNCIB), Area Science Park Padriciano, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
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20
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Tai YL, Tung LH, Lin YC, Lu PJ, Chu PY, Wang MY, Huang WP, Chen KC, Lee H, Shen TL. Grb7 Protein Stability Modulated by Pin1 in Association with Cell Cycle Progression. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163617. [PMID: 27658202 PMCID: PMC5033455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth factor receptor bound protein-7 (Grb7) is a multi-domain adaptor protein that is co-opted by numerous tyrosine kinases involved in various cellular signaling and functions. The molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of Grb7 remain unclear. Here, we revealed a novel negative post-translational regulation of Grb7 by the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase, Pin1. Our data show that phosphorylation of Grb7 protein on the Ser194-Pro motif by c-Jun N-terminal kinase facilitates its binding with the WW domain of Pin1. Subsequently, Grb7 is degraded by the ubiquitin- and proteasome-dependent proteolytic pathway. Indeed, we found that Pin1 exerts its peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase activity in the modulation of Grb7 protein stability in regulation of cell cycle progression at the G2-M phase. This study illustrates a novel regulatory mechanism in modulating Grb7-mediated signaling, which may take part in pathophysiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Tai
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsuan Tung
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Lin
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jung Lu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Chu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Ming-Yang Wang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Pang Huang
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Chien Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tang-Long Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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21
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Abstract
Targeted drugs have changed cancer treatment but are often ineffective in the long term against solid tumours, largely because of the activation of heterogeneous oncogenic pathways. A central common signalling mechanism in many of these pathways is proline-directed phosphorylation, which is regulated by many kinases and phosphatases. The structure and function of these phosphorylated proteins are further controlled by a single proline isomerase: PIN1. PIN1 is overactivated in cancers and it promotes cancer and cancer stem cells by disrupting the balance of oncogenes and tumour suppressors. This Review discusses the roles of PIN1 in cancer and the potential of PIN1 inhibitors to restore this balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhen Zhou
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Kun Ping Lu
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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22
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The interplay of NR4A receptors and the oncogene-tumor suppressor networks in cancer. Cell Signal 2014; 27:257-66. [PMID: 25446259 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor (NR) subfamily 4 group A (NR4A) is a family of three highly homologous orphan nuclear receptors that have multiple physiological and pathological roles, including some in cancer. These NRs are reportedly dysregulated in multiple cancer types, with many studies demonstrating pro-oncogenic roles for NR4A1 (Nur77) and NR4A2 (Nurr1). Additionally, NR4A1 and NR4A3 (Nor-1) are described as tumor suppressors in leukemia. The dysregulation and functions of the NR4A members are due to many factors, including transcriptional regulation, protein-protein interactions, and post-translational modifications. These various levels of intracellular regulation result from the signaling cross-talk of the NR4A members with various signaling pathways, many of which are relevant to cancer and likely explain the family members' functions in oncogenesis and tumor suppression. In this review, we discuss the multiple functions of the NR4A receptors in cancer and summarize a growing body of scientific literature that describes the interconnectedness of the NR4A receptors with various oncogene and tumor suppressor pathways.
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Hu Y, Zhan Q, Liu HX, Chau T, Li Y, Wan YJ, Yvonne Wan YJ. Accelerated partial hepatectomy-induced liver cell proliferation is associated with liver injury in Nur77 knockout mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 184:3272-83. [PMID: 25307349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nur77, encoded by Nr4a1 (alias Nur77), plays roles in cell death, survival, and inflammation. To study the role of Nur77 in liver regeneration, wild-type (WT) and Nur77 knockout (KO) mice were subjected to standard two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PH). Nur77 mRNA and protein levels were markedly induced at 1 hour after PH in WT livers, coinciding with ERK1/2 activation. Surprisingly, Nur77 KO mice exhibited a higher liver-to-body weight ratio than WT mice at 24, 48, and 72 hours after PH. Nur77 KO livers exhibited increase in Ki-67-positive hepatocytes at 24 hours, with early induction of cell-cycle genes. Despite accelerated regeneration, Nur77 KO livers paradoxically incurred necrosis, hepatocyte apoptosis, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase activity, and Kupffer cell accumulation. Microarray analysis revealed up-regulation of genes modulating inflammation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis but down-regulation (due to Nur77 deficiency) of glucose and lipid homeostasis genes. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, and CCL2 were increased and levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 were decreased, compared with WT. Activated NF-κB and STAT3 and mRNA levels of target genes Myc and Bcl2l1 were elevated in Nur77 KO livers. Overall, Nur77 appears essential for regulating early signaling of liver regeneration by modulating cytokine-mediated inflammatory, apoptotic, and energy mobilization processes. The accelerated liver regeneration observed in Nur77 KO mice is likely due to a compensatory effect caused by injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Department of Medical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis Health Systems, Sacramento, California
| | - Qi Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Xin Liu
- Department of Medical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis Health Systems, Sacramento, California
| | - Thinh Chau
- Department of Medical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis Health Systems, Sacramento, California
| | - Yuyuan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jui Wan
- Department of Medical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis Health Systems, Sacramento, California; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou, China.
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NR4A nuclear receptors are orphans but not lonesome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:2543-2555. [PMID: 24975497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The NR4A subfamily of nuclear receptors consists of three mammalian members: Nur77, Nurr1, and NOR-1. The NR4A receptors are involved in essential physiological processes such as adaptive and innate immune cell differentiation, metabolism and brain function. They act as transcription factors that directly modulate gene expression, but can also form trans-repressive complexes with other transcription factors. In contrast to steroid hormone nuclear receptors such as the estrogen receptor or the glucocorticoid receptor, no ligands have been described for the NR4A receptors. This lack of known ligands might be explained by the structure of the ligand-binding domain of NR4A receptors, which shows an active conformation and a ligand-binding pocket that is filled with bulky amino acid side-chains. Other mechanisms, such as transcriptional control, post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions therefore seem to be more important in regulating the activity of the NR4A receptors. For Nur77, over 80 interacting proteins (the interactome) have been identified so far, and roughly half of these interactions has been studied in more detail. Although the NR4As show some overlap in interacting proteins, less information is available on the interactome of Nurr1 and NOR-1. Therefore, the present review will describe the current knowledge on the interactomes of all three NR4A nuclear receptors with emphasis on Nur77.
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Niu G, Lu L, Gan J, Zhang D, Liu J, Huang G. Dual roles of orphan nuclear receptor TR3/Nur77/NGFI-B in mediating cell survival and apoptosis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 313:219-58. [PMID: 25376494 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800177-6.00007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As a transcriptional factor, Nur77 has sparked interests across different research fields in recent years. A number of studies have demonstrated the functional complexity of Nur77 in mediating survival/apoptosis in a variety of cells, including tumor cells. Conflicting observations also exist in clinical reports, in that TR3 behaves like an oncogene in tumors of the GI tract, lung, and breast, that is negatively associated with tumor stage and patient prognosis; while functions as a tumor suppressor gene in malignancies of the hematological and lymphatic system, skin, and ovary whose malfunction results in carcinogenesis. This chapter summarizes the apparent opposing effects of Nur77 on cells and explicates the mechanisms that determine the functional preference of Nur77. We conclude that in addition to cell type and agent context, other factors such as cellular localization, signaling pathway, and posttranslational modification also determine the final effects of Nur77 on cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengming Niu
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jun Gan
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Main Library, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingzheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangjian Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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26
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Orphan nuclear receptor TR3 acts in autophagic cell death via mitochondrial signaling pathway. Nat Chem Biol 2013; 10:133-40. [PMID: 24316735 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is linked to cell death, yet the associated mechanisms are largely undercharacterized. We discovered that melanoma, which is generally resistant to drug-induced apoptosis, can undergo autophagic cell death with the participation of orphan nuclear receptor TR3. A sequence of molecular events leading to cellular demise is launched by a specific chemical compound, 1-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)nonan-1-one, newly acquired from screening a library of TR3-targeting compounds. The autophagic cascade comprises TR3 translocation to mitochondria through interaction with the mitochondrial outer membrane protein Nix, crossing into the mitochondrial inner membrane through Tom40 and Tom70 channel proteins, dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential by the permeability transition pore complex ANT1-VDAC1 and induction of autophagy. This process leads to excessive mitochondria clearance and irreversible cell death. It implicates a new approach to melanoma therapy through activation of a mitochondrial signaling pathway that integrates a nuclear receptor with autophagy for cell death.
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La Montagna R, Caligiuri I, Giordano A, Rizzolio F. Pin1 and nuclear receptors: a new language? J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:1799-801. [PMID: 23280577 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pin1 is a unique enzyme that can isomerize specific phospho-Ser/Thr-Pro peptide bonds, inducing a conformational change in the target protein. Such activity represents a novel and tightly controlled signaling mechanism regulating a spectrum of protein functions during the normal physiology of the cell and in pathological conditions. Our last study demonstrated that Pin1 interacts with the androgen receptor protein and that this interaction is important for its transcriptional activity. Here, we consider the activity that Pin1 plays on the N-terminal domain of different nuclear receptors and provide an interpretation of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele La Montagna
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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28
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Poolman TM, Farrow SN, Matthews L, Loudon AS, Ray DW. Pin1 promotes GR transactivation by enhancing recruitment to target genes. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:8515-25. [PMID: 23887939 PMCID: PMC3794586 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is a ligand activated transcription factor, serving to regulate both energy metabolism and immune functions. Factors that influence cellular sensitivity to glucocorticoids (GC) are therefore of great interest. The N-terminal of the GR contains numerous potential proline-directed phosphorylation sites, some of which can regulate GR transactivation. Unrestricted proline isomerisation can be inhibited by adjacent serine phosphorylation and requires a prolyl isomerise, Pin1. Pin1 therefore determines the functional outcome of proline-directed kinases acting on the GR, as cis/trans isomers are distinct pools with different interacting proteins. We show that Pin1 mediates GR transactivation, but not GR trans-repression. Two N-terminal GR serines, S203 and S211, are targets for Pin1 potentiation of GR transactivation, establishing a direct link between Pin1 and the GR. We also demonstrate GC-activated co-recruitment of GR and Pin1 to the GILZ gene promoter. The Pin1 effect required both its WW and catalytic domains, and GR recruitment to its GRE was Pin1-dependent. Therefore, Pin1 is a selective regulator of GR transactivation, acting through N-terminal phospho-serine residues to regulate GR recruitment to its target sites in the genome. As Pin1 is dysregulated in disease states, this interaction may contribute to altered GC action in inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toryn M Poolman
- Centre in Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK, Respiratory Therapy Area, GSK, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK and Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
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29
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Chen HZ, Wen Q, Wang WJ, He JP, Wu Q. The orphan nuclear receptor TR3/Nur77 regulates ER stress and induces apoptosis via interaction with TRAPγ. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:1600-9. [PMID: 23660295 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The orphan nuclear receptor TR3 (also known as Nur77) belongs to the steroid/thyroid/retinoid nuclear receptor superfamily and plays important roles in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. No physiological ligand for TR3 has been found thus far; the determination of its binding partners is therefore important to clarify the biological functions of TR3. Here, we identified translocon-associated protein subunit γ (TRAPγ) as a novel TR3 binding partner using a tandem affinity purification method. This interaction between TR3 and TRAPγ was further confirmed, and the interacting regions were mapped. The ligand-binding domain of TR3 was required for TRAPγ binding, and the C terminus of TRAPγ was responsible for its interaction with TR3. When stimulated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) or CD437, this TR3-TRAPγ interaction not only induced Ca(2+) depletion in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) but also promoted the expression of the proapoptotic transcriptional regulator CHOP. Notably, both TR3 and TRAPγ were required for ER stress-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Overall, this study demonstrated a novel, TR3-initiated signaling pathway in which TR3 regulates ER stress and induces apoptosis of hepatoma cells through its interaction with TRAPγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-zi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian Province, PR China.
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Rajbhandari P, Schalper KA, Solodin NM, Ellison-Zelski SJ, Ping Lu K, Rimm DL, Alarid ET. Pin1 modulates ERα levels in breast cancer through inhibition of phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination and degradation. Oncogene 2013; 33:1438-47. [PMID: 23542176 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2012] [Revised: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) is an important biomarker used to classify and direct therapy decisions in breast cancer (BC). Both ERα protein and its transcript, ESR1, are used to predict response to tamoxifen therapy, yet certain tumors have discordant levels of ERα protein and ESR1, which is currently unexplained. Cellular ERα protein levels can be controlled post-translationally by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway through a mechanism that depends on phosphorylation at residue S118. Phospho-S118 (pS118-ERα) is a substrate for the peptidyl prolyl isomerase, Pin1, which mediates cis-trans isomerization of the pS118-P119 bond to enhance ERα transcriptional function. Here, we demonstrate that Pin1 can increase ERα protein without affecting ESR1 transcript levels by inhibiting proteasome-dependent receptor degradation. Pin1 disrupts ERα ubiquitination by interfering with receptor interactions with the E3 ligase, E6AP, which also is shown to bind pS118-ERα. Quantitative in situ assessments of ERα protein, ESR1, and Pin1 in human tumors from a retrospective cohort show that Pin1 levels correlate with ERα protein but not to ESR1 levels. These data show that ERα protein is post-translationally regulated by Pin1 in a proportion of breast carcinomas. As Pin1 impacts both ERα protein levels and transactivation function, these data implicate Pin1 as a potential surrogate marker for predicting outcome of ERα-positive BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rajbhandari
- Department of Oncology, UW Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - K A Schalper
- Department of Pathology, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - N M Solodin
- Department of Oncology, UW Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - S J Ellison-Zelski
- Department of Oncology, UW Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - K Ping Lu
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Biology Program, Beth Isreal Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - E T Alarid
- Department of Oncology, UW Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Wang RH, He JP, Su ML, Luo J, Xu M, Du XD, Chen HZ, Wang WJ, Wang Y, Zhang N, Zhao BX, Zhao WX, Shan ZG, Han J, Chang C, Wu Q. The orphan receptor TR3 participates in angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy by controlling mTOR signalling. EMBO Mol Med 2012. [PMID: 23197407 PMCID: PMC3569659 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201201369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II (AngII) induces cardiac hypertrophy and increases the expression of TR3. To determine whether TR3 is involved in the regulation of the pathological cardiac hypertrophy induced by AngII, we established mouse and rat hypertrophy models using chronic AngII administration. Our results reveal that a deficiency of TR3 in mice or the knockdown of TR3 in the left ventricle of rats attenuated AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy compared with the respective controls. A mechanistic analysis demonstrates that the TR3-mediated activation of mTORC1 is associated with AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy. TR3 was shown to form a trimer with the TSC1/TSC2 complex that specifically promoted TSC2 degradation via a proteasome/ubiquitination pathway. As a result, mTORC1, but not mTORC2, was activated; this was accompanied by increased protein synthesis, enhanced production of reactive oxygen species and enlarged cell size, thereby resulting in cardiac hypertrophy. This study demonstrates that TR3 positively regulates cardiac hypertrophy by influencing the effect of AngII on the mTOR pathway. The elimination or reduction of TR3 may reduce cardiac hypertrophy; therefore, TR3 is a potential target for clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
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Dual function of Pin1 in NR4A nuclear receptor activation: enhanced activity of NR4As and increased Nur77 protein stability. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2012; 1823:1894-904. [PMID: 22789442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Nur77, Nurr1 and NOR-1 form the NR4A subfamily of the nuclear receptor superfamily and have been shown to regulate various biological processes among which are cell survival and differentiation, apoptosis, inflammation and metabolism. These nuclear receptors have been proposed to act in a ligand-independent manner and we aim to gain insight in the regulation of NR4A activity. A yeast two-hybrid screen identified the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 as a novel binding partner of NR4As, which was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. Pin1 enhances the transcriptional activity of all three NR4A nuclear receptors and increases protein stability of Nur77 through inhibition of its ubiquitination. Enhanced transcriptional activity of NR4As requires the WW-domain of Pin1 that interacts with the N-terminal transactivation domain and the DNA-binding domain of Nur77. Most remarkably, this enhanced activity is independent of Pin1 isomerase activity. A systematic mutation analysis of all 17 Ser/Thr-Pro-motifs in Nur77 revealed that Pin1 enhances protein stability of Nur77 in an isomerase-dependent manner by acting on phosphorylated Nur77 involving protein kinase CK2-mediated phosphorylation of the Ser(152)-Pro(153) motif in Nur77. Given the role of Nur77 in vascular disease and metabolism, this novel regulation mechanism provides perspectives to manipulate Nur77 activity to attenuate these processes.
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