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Mucignat G, Montanucci L, Elgendy R, Giantin M, Laganga P, Pauletto M, Mutinelli F, Vascellari M, Leone VF, Dacasto M, Granato A. A Whole-Transcriptomic Analysis of Canine Oral Melanoma: A Chance to Disclose the Radiotherapy Effect and Outcome-Associated Gene Signature. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1065. [PMID: 39202425 PMCID: PMC11353338 DOI: 10.3390/genes15081065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral melanoma (OM) is the most common malignant oral tumour among dogs and shares similarities with human mucosal melanoma (HMM), validating the role of canine species as an immunocompetent model for cancer research. In both humans and dogs, the prognosis is poor and radiotherapy (RT) represents a cornerstone in the management of this tumour, either as an adjuvant or a palliative treatment. In this study, by means of RNA-seq, the effect of RT weekly fractionated in 9 Gray (Gy), up to a total dose of 36 Gy (4 weeks), was evaluated in eight dogs affected by OM. Furthermore, possible transcriptomic differences in blood and biopsies that might be associated with a longer overall survival (OS) were investigated. The immune response, glycosylation, cell adhesion, and cell cycle were the most affected pathways by RT, while tumour microenvironment (TME) composition and canonical and non-canonical WNT pathways appeared to be modulated in association with OS. Taking these results as a whole, this study improved our understanding of the local and systemic effect of RT, reinforcing the pivotal role of anti-tumour immunity in the control of canine oral melanoma (COM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Mucignat
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Ludovica Montanucci
- McGovern Medical School and Center for Neurogenomics, UTHealth, University of Texas Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Ramy Elgendy
- Discovery Sciences, Centre for Genomics Research, AstraZeneca, 411 10 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Paola Laganga
- Anicura—Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, 40037 Bologna, Italy; (P.L.); (V.F.L.)
| | - Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Franco Mutinelli
- Veterinary and Public Health Institute, Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (F.M.); (M.V.)
| | - Marta Vascellari
- Veterinary and Public Health Institute, Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (F.M.); (M.V.)
| | - Vito Ferdinando Leone
- Anicura—Centro Oncologico Veterinario, Sasso Marconi, 40037 Bologna, Italy; (P.L.); (V.F.L.)
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Agripolis Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Anna Granato
- Veterinary and Public Health Institute, Legnaro, 35020 Padua, Italy; (F.M.); (M.V.)
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Perkins RS, Murray G, Suthon S, Davis L, Perkins NB, Fletcher L, Bozzi A, Schreiber SL, Lin J, Laxton S, Pillai RR, Wright AJ, Miranda‐Carboni GA, Krum SA. WNT5B drives osteosarcoma stemness, chemoresistance and metastasis. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1670. [PMID: 38689429 PMCID: PMC11061378 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment for osteosarcoma, a paediatric bone cancer with no therapeutic advances in over three decades, is limited by a lack of targeted therapies. Osteosarcoma frequently metastasises to the lungs, and only 20% of patients survive 5 years after the diagnosis of metastatic disease. We found that WNT5B is the most abundant WNT expressed in osteosarcoma tumours and its expression correlates with metastasis, histologic subtype and reduced survival. METHODS Using tumor-spheroids to model cancer stem-like cells, we performed qPCR, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence to monitor changes in gene and protein expression. Additionally, we measured sphere size, migration and forming efficiency to monitor phenotypic changes. Therefore, we characterised WNT5B's relevance to cancer stem-like cells, metastasis, and chemoresistance and evaluated its potential as a therapeutic target. RESULTS In osteosarcoma cell lines and patient-derived spheres, WNT5B is enriched in stem cells and induces the expression of the stemness gene SOX2. WNT5B promotes sphere size, sphere-forming efficiency, and cell proliferation, migration, and chemoresistance to methotrexate (but not cisplatin or doxorubicin) in spheres formed from conventional cell lines and patient-derived xenografts. In vivo, WNT5B increased osteosarcoma lung and liver metastasis and inhibited the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid via upregulation of hyaluronidase 1 (HYAL1), leading to changes in the tumour microenvironment. Further, we identified that WNT5B mRNA and protein correlate with the receptor ROR1 in primary tumours. Targeting WNT5B through inhibition of WNT/ROR1 signalling with an antibody to ROR1 reduced stemness properties, including chemoresistance, sphere size and SOX2 expression. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data define WNT5B's role in driving osteosarcoma cancer stem cell expansion and methotrexate resistance and provide evidence that the WNT5B pathway is a promising candidate for treating osteosarcoma patients. KEY POINTS WNT5B expression is high in osteosarcoma stem cells leading to increased stem cell proliferation and migration through SOX2. WNT5B expression in stem cells increases rates of osteosarcoma metastasis to the lungs and liver in vivo. The hyaluronic acid degradation enzyme HYAL1 is regulated by WNT5B in osteosarcoma contributing to metastasis. Inhibition of WNT5B with a ROR1 antibody decreases osteosarcoma stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S. Perkins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- Center for Cancer ResearchUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Glenn Murray
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- Department of PathologyRegional One HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Sarocha Suthon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Lindsey Davis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Nicholson B. Perkins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Lily Fletcher
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Amanda Bozzi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Saylor L. Schreiber
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Jianjian Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Steven Laxton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Rahul R. Pillai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Alec J. Wright
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- College of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Gustavo A. Miranda‐Carboni
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Susan A. Krum
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
- Center for Cancer ResearchUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTennesseeUSA
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3
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Leone P, Malerba E, Susca N, Favoino E, Perosa F, Brunori G, Prete M, Racanelli V. Endothelial cells in tumor microenvironment: insights and perspectives. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1367875. [PMID: 38426109 PMCID: PMC10902062 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1367875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a highly complex and dynamic mixture of cell types, including tumor, immune and endothelial cells (ECs), soluble factors (cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors), blood vessels and extracellular matrix. Within this complex network, ECs are not only relevant for controlling blood fluidity and permeability, and orchestrating tumor angiogenesis but also for regulating the antitumor immune response. Lining the luminal side of vessels, ECs check the passage of molecules into the tumor compartment, regulate cellular transmigration, and interact with both circulating pathogens and innate and adaptive immune cells. Thus, they represent a first-line defense system that participates in immune responses. Tumor-associated ECs are involved in T cell priming, activation, and proliferation by acting as semi-professional antigen presenting cells. Thus, targeting ECs may assist in improving antitumor immune cell functions. Moreover, tumor-associated ECs contribute to the development at the tumor site of tertiary lymphoid structures, which have recently been associated with enhanced response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). When compared to normal ECs, tumor-associated ECs are abnormal in terms of phenotype, genetic expression profile, and functions. They are characterized by high proliferative potential and the ability to activate immunosuppressive mechanisms that support tumor progression and metastatic dissemination. A complete phenotypic and functional characterization of tumor-associated ECs could be helpful to clarify their complex role within the tumor microenvironment and to identify EC specific drug targets to improve cancer therapy. The emerging therapeutic strategies based on the combination of anti-angiogenic treatments with immunotherapy strategies, including ICI, CAR T cells and bispecific antibodies aim to impact both ECs and immune cells to block angiogenesis and at the same time to increase recruitment and activation of effector cells within the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Leone
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Malerba
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area-(DiMePRe-J), Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Susca
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Elvira Favoino
- Rheumatic and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Federico Perosa
- Rheumatic and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuliano Brunori
- Centre for Medical Sciences, University of Trento and Nephrology and Dialysis Division, Santa Chiara Hospital, Provincial Health Care Agency (APSS), Trento, Italy
| | - Marcella Prete
- Internal Medicine Unit, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Racanelli
- Centre for Medical Sciences, University of Trento and Internal Medicine Division, Santa Chiara Hospital, Provincial Health Care Agency (APSS), Trento, Italy
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4
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Alve S, Gramolelli S, Jukonen J, Juteau S, Pink A, Manninen AA, Hänninen S, Monto E, Lackman MH, Carpén O, Saharinen P, Karaman S, Vaahtomeri K, Ojala PM. DLL4/Notch3/WNT5B axis mediates bidirectional prometastatic crosstalk between melanoma and lymphatic endothelial cells. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e171821. [PMID: 37971882 PMCID: PMC10906450 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.171821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite strong indications that interactions between melanoma and lymphatic vessels actively promote melanoma progression, the molecular mechanisms are not yet completely understood. To characterize molecular factors of this crosstalk, we established human primary lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) cocultures with human melanoma cell lines. Here, we show that coculture with melanoma cells induced transcriptomic changes in LECs and led to multiple changes in their function. WNT5B, a paracrine signaling molecule upregulated in melanoma cells upon LEC interaction, was found to contribute to the functional changes in LECs. Moreover, WNT5B transcription was regulated by Notch3 in melanoma cells following the coculture with LECs, and Notch3 and WNT5B were coexpressed in melanoma patient primary tumor and metastasis samples. Moreover, melanoma cells derived from LEC coculture escaped efficiently from the primary site to the proximal tumor-draining lymph nodes, which was impaired upon WNT5B depletion. This supported the role of WNT5B in promoting the metastatic potential of melanoma cells through its effects on LECs. Finally, DLL4, a Notch ligand expressed in LECs, was identified as an upstream inducer of the Notch3/WNT5B axis in melanoma. This study elucidated WNT5B as a key molecular factor mediating bidirectional crosstalk between melanoma cells and lymphatic endothelium and promoting melanoma metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanni Alve
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Silvia Gramolelli
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Joonas Jukonen
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanna Juteau
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Pink
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Atte A. Manninen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Park Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), and
| | - Satu Hänninen
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisa Monto
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Madeleine H. Lackman
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Carpén
- Helsinki Biobank, and
- Department of Pathology and Research Program in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki, HUS Diagnostic Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Pipsa Saharinen
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sinem Karaman
- Individualized Drug Therapy Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kari Vaahtomeri
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi M. Ojala
- Translational Cancer Medicine Research Program, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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5
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Hu Z, Zhao X, Wu Z, Qu B, Yuan M, Xing Y, Song Y, Wang Z. Lymphatic vessel: origin, heterogeneity, biological functions, and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:9. [PMID: 38172098 PMCID: PMC10764842 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels, comprising the secondary circulatory system in human body, play a multifaceted role in maintaining homeostasis among various tissues and organs. They are tasked with a serious of responsibilities, including the regulation of lymph absorption and transport, the orchestration of immune surveillance and responses. Lymphatic vessel development undergoes a series of sophisticated regulatory signaling pathways governing heterogeneous-origin cell populations stepwise to assemble into the highly specialized lymphatic vessel networks. Lymphangiogenesis, as defined by new lymphatic vessels sprouting from preexisting lymphatic vessels/embryonic veins, is the main developmental mechanism underlying the formation and expansion of lymphatic vessel networks in an embryo. However, abnormal lymphangiogenesis could be observed in many pathological conditions and has a close relationship with the development and progression of various diseases. Mechanistic studies have revealed a set of lymphangiogenic factors and cascades that may serve as the potential targets for regulating abnormal lymphangiogenesis, to further modulate the progression of diseases. Actually, an increasing number of clinical trials have demonstrated the promising interventions and showed the feasibility of currently available treatments for future clinical translation. Targeting lymphangiogenic promoters or inhibitors not only directly regulates abnormal lymphangiogenesis, but improves the efficacy of diverse treatments. In conclusion, we present a comprehensive overview of lymphatic vessel development and physiological functions, and describe the critical involvement of abnormal lymphangiogenesis in multiple diseases. Moreover, we summarize the targeting therapeutic values of abnormal lymphangiogenesis, providing novel perspectives for treatment strategy of multiple human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoliang Hu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xushi Zhao
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Zhonghua Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Bicheng Qu
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Minxian Yuan
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Yanan Xing
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Yongxi Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University; Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, 155 North Nanjing Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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6
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Peri SS, Narayanaa Y K, Hubert TD, Rajaraman R, Arfuso F, Sundaram S, Archana B, Warrier S, Dharmarajan A, Perumalsamy LR. Navigating Tumour Microenvironment and Wnt Signalling Crosstalk: Implications for Advanced Cancer Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5847. [PMID: 38136392 PMCID: PMC10741643 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapeutics face significant challenges due to drug resistance and tumour recurrence. The tumour microenvironment (TME) is a crucial contributor and essential hallmark of cancer. It encompasses various components surrounding the tumour, including intercellular elements, immune system cells, the vascular system, stem cells, and extracellular matrices, all of which play critical roles in tumour progression, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, drug resistance, and relapse. These components interact with multiple signalling pathways, positively or negatively influencing cell growth. Abnormal regulation of the Wnt signalling pathway has been observed in tumorigenesis and contributes to tumour growth. A comprehensive understanding and characterisation of how different cells within the TME communicate through signalling pathways is vital. This review aims to explore the intricate and dynamic interactions, expressions, and alterations of TME components and the Wnt signalling pathway, offering valuable insights into the development of therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Shravani Peri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Krithicaa Narayanaa Y
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Therese Deebiga Hubert
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Roshini Rajaraman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
| | - Frank Arfuso
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Sandhya Sundaram
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.); (B.A.)
| | - B. Archana
- Department of Pathology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.); (B.A.)
| | - Sudha Warrier
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India;
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia;
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Lakshmi R. Perumalsamy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India; (S.S.P.); (K.N.Y.); (T.D.H.); (R.R.)
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7
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Wen JY, Li X, Chen JN, Chen J, Zhang JY, Du Y, Zhu WH, Chen YJ, Yang RH, Shao CK. CD45 - erythroid progenitor cells promote lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer by inducing a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal state in lymphatic endothelial cells. Gastric Cancer 2023; 26:918-933. [PMID: 37676622 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-023-01425-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Specific mechanisms of lymph node (LN) metastasis in early-stage gastric cancer (GC) have not been elucidated. The role of anemia, a vital clinical feature of GC, in LN metastasis is also unclear. Since the number of erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs) is increased in chronic anemia, we investigated its association with LN metastasis in GC. METHODS Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analyses were performed to sort and study EPCs from the circulation and tumors of patients with stage I-III GC. The effect of these EPCs on the activation of T and B cells and on the functions of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) was determined, and their ability to promote LN metastasis was evaluated using a footpad-popliteal LN metastasis model based on two human adenocarcinoma GC cell lines in nude mice. The prognostic value of EPCs was also analyzed. RESULTS The proportion of CD45- EPCs was higher in the mononuclear cells in the circulation, tumors, and LNs of GC patients with LN metastasis (N+) than in those of GC patients without LN metastasis (N0). In N+ patients, CD45- EPCs were more abundant in metastatic LNs than in non-metastatic LNs. Lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 immunoreactivity in tumors revealed that CD45- EPCs were positively associated with nodal stages and lymph vessel density. Furthermore, CD45- EPCs increased LEC proliferation and migration through their S100A8/A9 heterodimer-induced hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) state; however, they did not influence the invasion and tubulogenesis of LECs or T and B cell proliferation. CD45- EPCs promoted LN metastasis in vivo; the S100A8/A9 heterodimer mimicked this phenomenon. Finally, CD45- EPCs predicted the overall and disease-free survival of stage I-III GC patients after radical resection. CONCLUSIONS The CD45- EPCs accumulated in GC tissues and metastatic LNs and promoted LN metastasis via the S100A8/9-induced hybrid E/M state of LECs, which was the specific mechanism of LN metastasis in the early stages of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yun Wen
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jian-Ning Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jing-Yue Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Hang Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yong-Jian Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Ri-Hong Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Kui Shao
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
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8
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Caetano S, Garcia AR, Figueira I, Brito MA. MEF2C and miR-194-5p: New Players in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14297. [PMID: 37762600 PMCID: PMC10531597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Among breast cancer (BC) subtypes, the most aggressive is triple negative BC (TNBC), which is prone to metastasis. We previously found that microRNA (miR)-194-5p is downregulated at the early stages of TNBC brain metastasis development. Additionally, the transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2)C, a bioinformatically predicted miR-194-5p target, was increasingly expressed throughout TNBC brain metastasis formation and disease severity. However, the contributions of these two players to malignant cells' features remain undetermined. This study aimed at disclosing the role of miR-194-5p and MEF2C in TNBC tumorigenesis. The transfection of 4T1 cells with a silencer for MEF2C or with a pre-miRNA for miR-194-5p was employed to study TNBC cells' phenotypic alterations regarding epithelial and mesenchymal markers, as well as migratory capability alterations. MEF2C-silenced cells presented a decline in both vimentin and cytokeratin expression, whereas the overexpression of miR-194-5p promoted an increase in cytokeratin and a reduction in vimentin, reflecting the acquisition of an epithelial phenotype. Both treatments reduced TNBC cells' migration. These results suggest that MEF2C may determine TNBC cells' invasive properties by partially determining the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, while the overexpression of miR-194-5p promotes a decline in TNBC cells' aggressive behavior and reinforces this miRNA's role as a tumor suppressor in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Caetano
- iMed—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.C.); (A.R.G.); (I.F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Garcia
- iMed—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.C.); (A.R.G.); (I.F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês Figueira
- iMed—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.C.); (A.R.G.); (I.F.)
- Farm-ID—Faculty of Pharmacy Research and Development Association, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Alexandra Brito
- iMed—Research Institute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; (S.C.); (A.R.G.); (I.F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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9
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Ma X, Geng Z, Wang S, Yu Z, Liu T, Guan S, Du S, Zhu C. The driving mechanism and targeting value of mimicry between vascular endothelial cells and tumor cells in tumor progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115029. [PMID: 37343434 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The difficulty and poor prognosis of malignant tumor have always been a difficult problem to be solved. The internal components of solid tumor are complex, including tumor cells, stromal cells and immune cells, which play an important role in tumor proliferation, migration, metastasis and drug resistance. Hence, targeting of only the tumor cells will not likely improve survival. Various studies have reported that tumor cells and endothelial cells have high plasticity, which is reflected in the fact that they can simulate each other's characteristics by endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and vasculogenic mimicry (VM). In this paper, this mutual mimicry concept was integrated and reviewed for the first time, and their similarities and implications for tumor development are discussed. At the same time, possible therapeutic methods are proposed to provide new directions and ideas for clinical targeted therapy and immunotherapy of tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Nanjing Street 155, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Ziang Geng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street 36, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Nanjing Street 155, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Zhongxue Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, The First hospital of China Medical University, Nanjing Street 155, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Tiancong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street 36, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Shu Guan
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Nanjing Street 155, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
| | - Shaonan Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street 36, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Nanjing Street 155, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
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10
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Heabah NAEG, Darwish SA, Eid AM. Evaluation of the prognostic significance of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) in lung carcinoma and its relation to lymphangiogenesis and epithelial mesenchymal transition. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154703. [PMID: 37481855 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the carcinogenic mechanisms of lung carcinoma helps to discover novel prognostic biomarkers and develop new therapeutic options to improve patient's survival. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-Like Orphan Receptor 1 (ROR1), a transmembrane protein, contributes to cancer progression and metastasis; via stimulation of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotion of angiogenesis. This makes ROR1 an important target for tumor therapy. This study aimed to evaluate expression of ROR1, E-cadherin (a marker of EMT), and D2-40 (a marker of lymphangiogenesis) in lung carcinoma and associate their expressions with the available clinicopathological parameters and patients' survival. Immunohistochemical staining using ROR1, E-cadherin, and D2-40 was performed for 78 cases of lung carcinoma. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox-regression analysis were done. High ROR1 expression was detected in 46.2% of cases. Significant relations were found between high ROR1 expression and larger tumor size (P < 0.001), poorly differentiated tumors (P = 0.001), advanced tumor stages (P < 0.001), positive lymph nodal status (P < 0.001), decreased E-cadherin expression (P < 0.001), and high lymphovascular density (LVD) (P < 0.001). Patients' progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were shorter with high ROR1 expression. High ROR1 expression, high LVD, large tumor size, and adenocarcinoma histopathological type were independent risk factors for OS in lung carcinoma patients. High ROR1 expression is associated with poor prognostic parameters in lung carcinoma patients including higher grade, advanced stages, high LVD, epithelial mesenchymal transition, as well as decreased PFS and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara A Darwish
- Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
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11
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Xue W, Cai L, Li S, Hou Y, Wang YD, Yang D, Xia Y, Nie X. WNT ligands in non-small cell lung cancer: from pathogenesis to clinical practice. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:136. [PMID: 37486552 PMCID: PMC10366069 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00739-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and leading cause of death worldwide, whereas its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Although mutations in some crucial genes in WNT pathways such as β-catenin and APC are not common in NSCLC, the abnormal signal transduction of WNT pathways is still closely related to the occurrence and progression of NSCLC. WNT ligands (WNTs) are a class of secreted glycoproteins that activate WNT pathways through binding to their receptors and play important regulatory roles in embryonic development, cell differentiation, and tissue regeneration. Therefore, the abnormal expression or dysfunction of WNTs undoubtedly affects WNT pathways and thus participates in the pathogenesis of diseases. There are 19 members of human WNTs, WNT1, WNT2, WNT2b, WNT3, WNT3a, WNT4, WNT5a, WNT5b, WNT6, WNT7a, WNT7b, WNT8a, WNT8b, WNT9a, WNT9b, WNT10a, WNT10b, WNT11 and WNT16. The expression levels of WNTs, binding receptors, and activated WNT pathways are diverse in different tissue types, which endows the complexity of WNT pathways and multifarious biological effects. Although abundant studies have reported the role of WNTs in the pathogenesis of NSCLC, it still needs further study as therapeutic targets for lung cancer. This review will systematically summarize current research on human WNTs in NSCLC, from molecular pathogenesis to potential clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Xue
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China
| | - Lihong Cai
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Kaifeng Cancer Hospital, Kaifeng University, Kaifeng, 475003, China
| | - Su Li
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China
| | - Yujia Hou
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China
| | - Yan-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Dongbin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China.
- Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Hebi, 458030, China.
| | - Yubing Xia
- Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Kaifeng Cancer Hospital, Kaifeng University, Kaifeng, 475003, China.
| | - Xiaobo Nie
- Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebi Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, People's Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Kaifeng, Hebi, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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12
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Wei WF, Zhou HL, Chen PY, Huang XL, Huang L, Liang LJ, Guo CH, Zhou CF, Yu L, Fan LS, Wang W. Cancer-associated fibroblast-derived PAI-1 promotes lymphatic metastasis via the induction of EndoMT in lymphatic endothelial cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:160. [PMID: 37415190 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02714-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) is an emerging adaptive process that modulates lymphatic endothelial function to drive aberrant lymphatic vascularization in the tumour microenvironment (TME); however, the molecular determinants that govern the functional role of EndoMT remain unclear. Here, we show that cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-derived PAI-1 promoted the EndoMT of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). METHODS Immunofluorescent staining of α-SMA, LYVE-1 and DAPI were examined in primary tumour samples obtained from 57 CSCC patients. Assessment of cytokines secreted by CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) was performed using human cytokine antibody arrays. The phenotype of EndoMT in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), gene expression levels, protein secretion and activity of signaling pathways were measured by real-time RT-PCR, ELISA or western blotting. The function of lymphatic endothelial monolayers was examined by transwell, tube formation assay, transendothelial migration assay in vitro. Lymphatic metastasis was measured using popliteal lymph node metastasis model. Furthermore, association between PAI-1 expression and EndoMT in CSCC was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases was used to assess the association of PAI-1 with survival rate in CSCC. RESULTS CAF-derived PAI-1 promoted the EndoMT of LECs in CSCC. LECs undergoing EndoMT could initiate tumour neolymphangiogenesis that facilitated cancer cell intravasation/extravasation, which in turn promoted lymphatic metastasis in CSCC. Mechanistically, PAI-1 activated the AKT/ERK1/2 pathways by directly interacting with low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP1), thereby leading to elevated EndoMT activity in LECs. Blockade of PAI-1 or inhibition of LRP1/AKT/ERK1/2 abrogated EndoMT and consequently attenuated CAF-induced tumour neolymphangiogenesis. Furthermore, clinical data revealed that increased PAI-1 levels positively correlated with EndoMT activity and poor prognosis in CSCC patients. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that CAF-derived PAI-1 acts as an important neolymphangiogenesis-initiating molecular during CSCC progression through modulating the EndoMT of LECs, resulting in promotion of metastasis ability in primary site. PAI-1 could serve as an effective prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CSCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Fei Wei
- Department of Gynaecology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Ling Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Lan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Long Huang
- Department of Urology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Luo-Jiao Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chu-Hong Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chen-Fei Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang-Sheng Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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13
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Lu D, Jiang H, Zou T, Jia Y, Zhao Y, Wang Z. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition: New insights into vascular calcification. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 213:115579. [PMID: 37589048 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
With the continuous progress of atherosclerosis research, the significant pathological change of it--vascular calcification (VC), gains increasing attention. In recent years, numerous studies have demonstrated that it is an independent predictor of death risk of cardiovascular disease, and it has a strong correlation with poor clinical prognosis. As the world's population continues to age, the occurrence of VC is expected to reach its highest point in the near future. Therefore, it is essential to investigate ways to prevent or even reverse this process for clinical purposes. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) describes the progressive differentiation of endothelial cells into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under various stimuli and acquisition of pluripotent cell characteristics. More and more studies show that EndMT plays a vital role in various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, vascular calcification and heart valvular disease. EndMT is also involved in the formation and progression of VC. This review vividly describes the history, characteristics of EndMT and how it affects the endothelial cell process, then focuses on the relationship between vascular endothelium, EndMT, amino acid metabolism, and vascular calcification. Finally, it overviews the signal pathway of EndMT and drugs targeting EndMT, hoping to provide new ideas and a theoretical basis for studying potential therapeutic targets of VC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingkun Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Han Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yuanwang Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Yunyun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China.
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14
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Yanagihara T, Guignabert C, Kolb MRJ. Endothelial cells in pulmonary fibrosis: more than a bystander. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:2300407. [PMID: 37290810 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00407-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Toyoshi Yanagihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, UMR_S 999, Hypertension pulmonaire: physiopathologie et innovation thérapeutique, Le Kremli-Bicêtre, France
| | - Martin R J Kolb
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, Research Institute at St Joseph's Healthcare, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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15
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Watabe T, Takahashi K, Pietras K, Yoshimatsu Y. Roles of TGF-β signals in tumor microenvironment via regulation of the formation and plasticity of vascular system. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 92:130-138. [PMID: 37068553 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells evolve in tumor microenvironment composed of multiple cell types. Among these, endothelial cells (ECs) are the major players in tumor angiogenesis, which is a driver of tumor progression and metastasis. Increasing evidence suggests that ECs also contribute to tumor progression and metastasis as they modify their phenotypes to differentiate into mesenchymal cells through a process known as endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). This plasticity of ECs is mediated by various cytokines, including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and modulated by other stimuli depending on the cellular contexts. Recent lines of evidence have shown that EndoMT is involved in various steps of tumor progression, including tumor angiogenesis, intravasation and extravasation of cancer cells, formation of cancer-associated fibroblasts, and cancer therapy resistance. In this review, we summarize current updates on EndoMT, highlight the roles of EndoMT in tumor progression and metastasis, and underline targeting EndoMT as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Watabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kristian Pietras
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshimatsu
- Division of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
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16
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Xiao Z, Feng X, Zhou Y, Li P, Luo J, Zhang W, Zhou J, Zhao J, Wang D, Wang Y, Tian Z, Zhao X. Exosomal miR-10527-5p Inhibits Migration, Invasion, Lymphangiogenesis and Lymphatic Metastasis by Affecting Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling via Rab10 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:95-114. [PMID: 36636641 PMCID: PMC9831078 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s391173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer cell-derived exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical role in orchestrating intercellular communication between tumor cells and tumor microenvironmental factors, including lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Nevertheless, the functions and underlying mechanisms of exosomal miRNAs in lymphatic metastasis and lymphangiogenesis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unclear. Methods Small RNA sequencing, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) analysis and qRT‒PCR were performed to identify the candidate exosomal miRNAs involved in ESCC metastasis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic potential of exosomal miR-10527-5p in predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) status. An in vitro coculture system was used to investigate the effects of exosomal miR-10527-5p on ESCC cells and human LECs (HLECs), followed by a popliteal LNM assay in vivo. The relationship between miR-10527-5p and Rab10 was identified by dual-luciferase reporter, fluorescence in situ hybridization and qRT‒PCR assays. Then, a series of rescue assays were performed to further investigate whether Rab10 is involved in exosomal miR-10527-5p mediated ESCC metastasis. Results MiR-10527-5p was found to be notably reduced in both the plasma exosomes and tumor tissues of ESCC patients with LNM, and plasma exosomal miR-10527-5p had a high sensitivity and specificity for discrimination of LNM status. Moreover, exosome-shuttled miR-10527-5p suppressed the migration, invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ESCC cells as well as the migration and tube formation of HLECs via Wnt/β-catenin signaling in vitro and in vivo. Further investigation revealed that Rab10 was a direct target of miR-10527-5p, and re-expression of Rab10 neutralized the inhibitory effects of exosomal miR-10527-5p. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that exosomal miR-10527-5p had a strong capability to predict preoperative LNM status and anti-lymphangiogenic effect. Exosomal miR-10527-5p inhibited lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of ESCC in a vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C)-independent manner, showing potential as a therapeutic target for ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xumei Feng
- Health Management Center, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongjia Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiwei Li
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junwen Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangfeng Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongxian Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Chest Cancer, Shandong University, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Zhongxian Tian; Xiaogang Zhao, Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-17660082365; +86-053185875009, Email ;
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, People’s Republic of China,Key Laboratory of Chest Cancer, Shandong University, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Zhang F, Zhang J, Li J, Yan P, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhuang Y, Zhou J, Deng L, Zhang Z. Effect of VD3 on cell proliferation and the Wnt signaling pathway in bovine endometrial epithelial cells treated with lipopolysaccharide. Theriogenology 2022; 193:68-76. [PMID: 36156426 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) deficiency plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various uterine diseases. At present, most studies on the mechanism of VD in the Wnt signaling pathway focus on cancer, while there are no relevant reports on its mechanism in endometritis. This study investigated the effect of vitamin D3 (VD3) on the Wnt signaling pathway in endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). BEECs obtained from bovine uteri were treated with VD3 (0, 50 ng/mL) and LPS (0, 10, 100 ng/mL) separately or in combination, and treated with the Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor IWR-1 to study the mechanism of action. The proliferation of BEECs was evaluated by a CCK-8 assay. qRT-PCR was used to assess the gene expression of Wnt pathway-related factors, including MYC, PCNA, LGR5, GREM1, β-catenin, FZD7, FZD2, Wnt4 and VDR. The results showed that VD3 had no significant effect on cell proliferation (P > 0.05); LPS inhibited BEEC proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and cells treated with LPS at different concentrations for 24-48 h in combination with VD3 promoted cell proliferation to varying degrees. IWR-1 inhibited cell proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, while LPS + IWR-1 treatment also significantly promoted cell proliferation after VD3 treatment (P < 0.01). The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of Wnt4 and PCNA genes showed different trends with different LPS concentrations for stimulation, and the expression of the MYC and GREM1 genes was only stimulated by high-dose (100 ng/mL) LPS stimulation. The expression of FZD7, LGR5, FZD2 and β-catenin was upregulated by LPS at both concentrations. LPS + VD3 significantly downregulated the expression of the Wnt pathway-related genes MYC, PCNA, LGR5, GREM1 and β-catenin (P < 0.001), Wnt4 and FZD2 (P < 0.01), and significantly upregulated the expression of VDR (P < 0.05). After LPS + IWR-1 treatment, the expression of the β-catenin (P < 0.01) and LGR5 (P < 0.05) genes was significantly downregulated, while the Wnt4 (P < 0.01) and VDR (P < 0.001) genes were significantly upregulated, MYC was downregulated but without a significant difference (P > 0.05). In conclusion, VD3 treatment can mitigate the LPS-induced abnormal expression of Wnt signaling pathway genes in BEECs, showing that the Wnt pathway may be a protective pathway of VD3 against LPS-induced gene overexpression in BEECs. The results suggest that VD3 may play a regulatory role in pathways other than the Wnt signaling pathway. Whether VD3 affects the Wnt signaling pathway by affecting Wnt4 gene expression requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Juntao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Juanjuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Penghui Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yiping Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yujie Zhuang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Lixin Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
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Sun X, Zhou M, Pu J, Wang T. Stachydrine exhibits a novel antiplatelet property and ameliorates platelet-mediated thrombo-inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113184. [PMID: 35679717 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets are versatile anucleate cells involved in thrombosis as well as inflammation. Stachydrine (STA), a major bioactive compound extracted from Motherwort, has multiple pharmacological properties. Nevertheless, the significance of STA in platelet regulation and whether STA could ameliorate platelet-mediated thrombo-inflammation still remain elusive. METHODS Human platelets were used to assess the regulatory effects of STA on platelet activation and interactions with neutrophils in vitro. FeCl3 injury-induced carotid/mesenteric thrombosis and collagen/epinephrine-induced pulmonary thromboembolism model were used to explore whether STA could regulate thrombosis in vivo. Furthermore, a cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis model was employed to investigate the role of STA in thrombo-inflammatory diseases. RESULTS STA markedly suppressed platelet activation represented by aggregation, secretion, αIIbβ3-mediated signaling events and calcium mobilization, etc. by inhibiting agonists-induced activation signaling and potentiating cGMP-dependent inhibitory signaling. Mice receiving STA-treated platelets were less susceptible to thrombosis in vivo. In addition, decreased platelet-neutrophil interactions including platelet-neutrophil aggregates and neutrophil extracellular traps, and alleviative sepsis-induced multiorgan damage were observed due to STA-mediated platelet inhibition. CONCLUSION This study suggested the potential therapeutic role of STA in thrombotic and thrombo-inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianting Sun
- Department of Hematology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Division of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Hematology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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19
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Wang C, Qu K, Wang J, Qin R, Li B, Qiu J, Wang G. Biomechanical regulation of planar cell polarity in endothelial cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166495. [PMID: 35850177 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell polarity refers to the uneven distribution of certain cytoplasmic components in a cell with a spatial order. The planar cell polarity (PCP), the cell aligns perpendicular to the polar plane, in endothelial cells (ECs) has become a research hot spot. The planar polarity of ECs has a positive significance on the regulation of cardiovascular dysfunction, pathological angiogenesis, and ischemic stroke. The endothelial polarity is stimulated and regulated by biomechanical force. Mechanical stimuli promote endothelial polarization and make ECs produce PCP to maintain the normal physiological and biochemical functions. Here, we overview recent advances in understanding the interplay and mechanism between PCP and ECs function involved in mechanical forces, with a focus on PCP signaling pathways and organelles in regulating the polarity of ECs. And then showed the related diseases caused by ECs polarity dysfunction. This study provides new ideas and therapeutic targets for the treatment of endothelial PCP-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai Qu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Qin
- College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingyi Li
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juhui Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
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20
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Sun X, Fang J, Ye F, Zhang S, Huang H, Hou J, Wang T. Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Promotes Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via WNT10A/Beta-Catenin/Snail Signaling. Front Oncol 2022; 12:871788. [PMID: 35494062 PMCID: PMC9039659 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.871788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one type of highly heterogeneous lymphoid malignancy with 30%~40% of patients experiencing treatment failure. Novel risk stratification and therapeutic approaches for DLBCL are urgently needed. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), which contributes to tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, and cancer-associated fibroblast generation, has been detected in the microenvironment of many types of cancers. However, the existence of EndMT in the hematological malignancies microenvironment remains unknown. Here, we identified the existence of EndMT in DLBCL-associated endothelial cells and the clinical relevance of EndMT markers in DLBCL, which was associated with advanced clinical stage and poor prognosis. In vitro experiments confirmed that DLBCL cells stimulated angiogenesis and EndMT of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We further unveiled the molecular mechanisms underlying this process. We demonstrated that WNT10A, a WNT family member overexpressed in DLBCL tissues and correlated with clinical features in DLBCL, promoted EndMT through glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)/β-catenin/snail signaling. WNT10A inhibited the binding of GSK3β to β-catenin/snail, resulting in β-catenin and snail nuclear accumulation and target gene transcription. Silencing β-catenin and snail respectively attenuated WNT10A-induced angiogenesis and EndMT. The interplay between β-catenin-dependent and snail-dependent signaling was also confirmed in this study. Collectively, these findings identified that WNT10A/GSK3β/β-catenin/snail pathway performed vital roles in DLBCL-induced EndMT and indicated that EndMT markers and WNT10A may serve as novel predictors of clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianting Sun
- Department of Hematology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianchen Fang
- Department of Pathology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Ye
- Department of Hematology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuxian Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Honghui Huang
- Department of Hematology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Hematology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Hematology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Abedi E, Karimi M, Yaghobi R, Mohammadi H, Haghpanah S, Moghadam M, Bayat E, Rezvani A, Ramzi M. Oncogenic and tumor suppressor genes expression in myeloproliferative neoplasms: The hidden side of a complex pathology. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24289. [PMID: 35176183 PMCID: PMC8993601 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The present study aimed to explore the changes in the expressions of six tumor‐related genes in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The study population included 130 patients with MPNs (52 with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), 49 with essential thrombocythemia (ET), 20 with polycythemia vera (PV), and 9 with primary myelofibrosis (PMF)) and 51 healthy individuals. Methods The expression profiling of six genes (ADAMTS18, CMTM5, CDKN2B, DCC, FHIT, and WNT5B) in the peripheral blood granulocyte cells was explored by real‐time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results The patients with MPNs showed significant downregulation of CMTM5 (EFC = 0.66) and DCC (EFC = 0.65) genes in contrast to a non‐significant upregulation of ADAMTS18, CDKN2B, FHIT, and WNT5B genes. Downregulation of DCC was consistent in all subtypes of MPN (EFC range: 0.591–0.860). However, CMTM5 had a 1.22‐fold upregulation in PMF in contrast to downregulation in other MPN subtypes (EFC range: 0.599–0.775). The results revealed a significant downregulation in CMTM5 and DCC at below 60‐years of age. Furthermore, female patients showed a clear‐cut downregulation in both CMTM5 and DCC (EFC DCC: 0.436 and CMTM5: 0.570), while male patients presented a less prominent downregulation with a borderline p‐value only in DCC (EFC: 0.69; p = 0.05). Conclusions Chronic myeloid leukemia cases showed a significant upregulation of WNT5B, as a known oncogenesis gene. Two tumor suppressor genes, namely DCC and CMTM5, were downregulated in the patients with MPNs, especially in females and patients below 60 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Abedi
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehran Karimi
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ramin Yaghobi
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Mohammadi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sezaneh Haghpanah
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohamad Moghadam
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Elahe Bayat
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezvani
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mani Ramzi
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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22
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Wang Y, Jin C, Tian H, Xu J, Chen J, Hu S, Li Q, Lu L, Ou Q, Xu GT, Cui H. CHIR99021 balance TGFβ1 induced human corneal endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition to favor corneal endothelial cell proliferation. Exp Eye Res 2022; 219:108939. [PMID: 35150734 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.108939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Corneal endothelial cells (CECs) play a major role in the maintenance of stromal hydration via the barrier and pump function for clear vision. Adult CEC cannot regenerate after injury. CECs cultured in vitro can undergo mitosis but may undergo corneal endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EnMT) and lose their endothelial characteristics. In this study, we examined the effects of CHIR99201 on transforming growth factor beta-1(TGFβ1)-induced EnMT in human CEC (hCECs) lines. CHIR99021 kept hCECs in the hexagonal shape and could downregulate the EnMT markers alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin (FN1), meanwhile maintained the hCECs function markers Na+/K+-ATPase and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) at levels comparable to those in the normal control. Interestingly, we found that the combination of CHIR99021 and TGFβ1 at appropriate concentrations would significantly promote the proliferation and migration of hCECs. These effects may be related to the inhibition of RhoA or Rac1, as well as the activation of Wnt and Erk pathway, with a calcium homeostasis. Our findings indicate that CHIR99021 inhibit EnMT and that the combination of CHIR99021 and TGFβ1 may provide new ideas for corneal endothelial regeneration and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200123, China
| | - Caixia Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibin Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingying Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200123, China
| | - Shuqin Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200123, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200123, China
| | - Lixia Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingjian Ou
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hongping Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology of Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200123, China.
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Perkins RS, Suthon S, Miranda-Carboni GA, Krum SA. WNT5B in cellular signaling pathways. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 125:11-16. [PMID: 34635443 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt signaling ligand WNT5B is implicated in various developmental pathways, both in normal and pathological physiology. Most of the research on WNT5B has been associated with expression analysis and disease states, leaving the signaling pathways underexplored. Here, we review the current understandings of WNT5B's regulation of signal transduction, from receptors to downstream mediators and transcription factors. We also describe its roles in β-catenin-dependent and β-catenin-independent (Planar Cell Polarity and Wnt/Ca2+) Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Perkins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sarocha Suthon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Gustavo A Miranda-Carboni
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Susan A Krum
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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24
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Zhang N, Li L, Luo J, Tan J, Hu W, Li Z, Wang X, Ye T. Inhibiting microRNA-424 in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes suppresses tumor growth in colorectal cancer by upregulating TGFBR3. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 709:108965. [PMID: 34129838 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to be differently expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) and were identified as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CRC. We aimed to identify the effect of microRNA-424 (miR-424) on process of CRC. METHODS Exosomes were obtained from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). MiR-424, transforming growth factor-β receptor 3 (TGFBR3) vimentin, S100A4, p-Smad1 expression in tissues and cells was measured. After treated with miR-424 inhibitor or TGFBR3 overexpression plasmid, the migration, invasion, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of Lovo cells and exosomes-transfected Lovo cells were determined. The subcutaneous tumor models were established and the tumor growth was observed. The target relation between miR-424 and TGFBR3 was confirmed. RESULTS MiR-424 was upregulated while TGFBR3 was downregulated in CRC tissues. TGFBR3 was targeted by miR-424. Inhibited miR-424 or elevated TGFBR3 upregulated p-Smad1, indicating that TGFBR3 mediated the Smad1 pathway, thus regulating CRC progression. MiR-424 inhibition or TGFBR3 restoration also suppressed migration and invasion of CRC cells, arrested the CRC cells at G0/G1 phase, and promoted CRC cell apoptosis. Moreover, exosomal miR-424 from BMSCs promoted CRC development. CONCLUSION Inhibited exosomal miR-424 from BMSCs inhibited malignant behaviors of CRC cells by targeting TGFBR3, thus suppressing the progression of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiahua Tan
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Wanfu Hu
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Zihui Li
- Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian, 116622, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Pharmacy Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 71 North Baoshan Road, Yunyan District, Guiyang, 550001, Guizhou, China.
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Peng J, Liu X, Li C, Gao M, Wang H. Sema4C modulates the migration of primary tumor-associated lymphatic endothelial cells via an ERK-mediated pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1102. [PMID: 34504556 PMCID: PMC8383750 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) serve a positive role in tumor lymphatic metastasis, the regulation of LECs undergoing migration similar to that of tumor cells remains poorly understood. A previous study revealed that semaphorin 4C (Sema4C) could be a marker of LECs in cervical cancer. Thus, the present study aimed to understand the mechanism via which Sema4C could promote the development of tumor-associated characteristics in LECs in cervical cancer. Primary tumor-associated LECs (TLECs) were distinguished from cervical cancer by flow cytometry. The promigratory ability was assessed using the Transwell assay. Lentivirus infection was used to alter the expression of Sema4C in TLECs. Confocal laser scanning was used to determine the infection efficiency of lentivirus infection. Sema4C/ERK/E-cadherin pathway was measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. The co-localization of Sema4C and the lymphatic marker lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 was verified. Primary tumor-associated LECs (TLECs) were isolated from a mouse xenograft cervical tumor model. It was revealed that overexpressing Sema4C stimulated the migratory ability of TLECs, downregulated E-cadherin expression and stimulated ERK phosphorylation, whereas knocking down Sema4C had the opposite effects. The treatment of PD98059 (ERK inhibitor) blocked the pro-migratory ability of TLECs, which indicated a dependence on the ERK signaling pathway. It was identified that the Sema4C/ERK/E-cadherin pathway may be critical for the migration of TLECs, which may promote lymph node metastasis. Therefore, Sema4C could be a promising target for the treatment of cervical cancer with lymphatic metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250001, P.R. China
| | - Xijiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250001, P.R. China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250001, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250001, P.R. China
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26
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Rezzola S, Sigmund EC, Halin C, Ronca R. The lymphatic vasculature: An active and dynamic player in cancer progression. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:576-614. [PMID: 34486138 PMCID: PMC9291933 DOI: 10.1002/med.21855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature has been widely described and explored for its key functions in fluid homeostasis and in the organization and modulation of the immune response. Besides transporting immune cells, lymphatic vessels play relevant roles in tumor growth and tumor cell dissemination. Cancer cells that have invaded into afferent lymphatics are propagated to tumor‐draining lymph nodes (LNs), which represent an important hub for metastatic cell arrest and growth, immune modulation, and secondary dissemination to distant sites. In recent years many studies have reported new mechanisms by which the lymphatic vasculature affects cancer progression, ranging from induction of lymphangiogenesis to metastatic niche preconditioning or immune modulation. In this review, we provide an up‐to‐date description of lymphatic organization and function in peripheral tissues and in LNs and the changes induced to this system by tumor growth and progression. We will specifically focus on the reported interactions that occur between tumor cells and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), as well as on interactions between immune cells and LECs, both in the tumor microenvironment and in tumor‐draining LNs. Moreover, the most recent prognostic and therapeutic implications of lymphatics in cancer will be reported and discussed in light of the new immune‐modulatory roles that have been ascribed to LECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rezzola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena C Sigmund
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Halin
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Ronca
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Chen HL, Su YC, Chen HC, Su JH, Wu CY, Wang SW, Lin IP, Chen CY, Lee CH. Heteronemin Suppresses Lymphangiogenesis through ARF-1 and MMP-9/VE-Cadherin/Vimentin. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091109. [PMID: 34572295 PMCID: PMC8471334 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic metastasis is a biological procedure associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases, especially in tumor metastasis. Therefore, regulation of lymphangiogenesis has become a promising strategy for cancer therapy. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-lymphangiogenic effect of heteronemin (SP-1) isolated from the sponge Hyrtios sp. in vitro and in vivo. Human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) were utilized to evaluate the anti-lymphangiogenic effect of SP-1 in vitro. Molecular docking, western blotting, flow-cytometry, MTT and ELISA were performed to investigate the mechanism of action. For in vivo approaches, the transgenic (fli1:EGFP; gata1:DsRed) zebrafish and mouse ear sponges were used. Molecular docking studies showed that SP-1 is a potent vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3)-binding compound. Treatment of LEC with SP-1 reduced the phosphorylation of VEGFR-3. SP-1 suppressed the development of the thoracic duct in zebrafish and mouse lymphangiogenesis ear sponges in vivo. Mechanistically, SP-1 induced the cell cycle arrest of LECs in the G0/G1 phase and reduced the downstream of VEGFR-3, such as phosphorylated MEK/ERK and NF-κB. In addition, SP-1 inhibited LECs' tubulogenesis and migration through the ARF-1 and MMP-9/VE-cadherin/vimentin. Overall, anti-lymphangiogenic properties of SP-1 occur by downregulating the VEGFR-3 cascade, ARF-1 and MMP-9/VE-cadherin/vimentin. Collectively, these results proposed that SP-1 might be a potential candidate for the treatment of lymphangiogenesis-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Lin Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Liuying Chi-Mei Medical, Tainan 73657, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chieh Su
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840203, Taiwan;
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 824410, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Chi Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan;
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung 94401, Taiwan;
| | - Chang-Yi Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252005, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - In-Pin Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Chung-Yi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7312-1101 (ext. 2139); Fax: +886-7323-4686
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Suthon S, Perkins RS, Bryja V, Miranda-Carboni GA, Krum SA. WNT5B in Physiology and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:667581. [PMID: 34017835 PMCID: PMC8129536 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.667581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
WNT5B, a member of the WNT family of proteins that is closely related to WNT5A, is required for cell migration, cell proliferation, or cell differentiation in many cell types. WNT5B signals through the non-canonical β-catenin-independent signaling pathway and often functions as an antagonist of canonical WNT signaling. Although WNT5B has a high amino acid identity with WNT5A and is often assumed to have similar activities, WNT5B often exhibits unique expression patterns and functions. Here, we describe the distinct effects and mechanisms of WNT5B on development, bone, adipose tissue, cardiac tissue, the nervous system, the mammary gland, the lung and hematopoietic cells, compared to WNT5A. We also highlight aberrances in non-canonical WNT5B signaling contributing to diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, neuropathology, and chronic diseases associated with aging, as well as various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarocha Suthon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Rachel S Perkins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Vitezslav Bryja
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Gustavo A Miranda-Carboni
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Susan A Krum
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Center for Cancer Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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Expression profiles and prognostic significance of WNT family members in glioma via bioinformatic analysis. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222401. [PMID: 32181818 PMCID: PMC7103590 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20194255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The dysregulation and essential role of WNTs in glioma have been widely implicated. However, there is a paucity of literature on the expression status of all the 19 WNTs in glioma. Our study was aimed to evaluate the expression and prognostic values of the 19 WNTs in glioma. METHODS mRNA expression and clinical data were retrieved from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), GTEx and ONCOMINE databases. The 50 frequent neighbor genes of WNT5A and WNT10B were shown with PPI network, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. RESULTS We found that the mRNA expression of WNT5A was significantly higher in glioma; however, the WNT10B expression was significantly lower in glioma. Furthermore, the expression of WNT5A and WNT10B was associated with the clinicopathology of glioma. The survival analysis revealed that the higher expressions of WNT5A and WNT16 were associated poor overall survival (OS) in patients with glioma. Conversely, overexpression of WNT3, WNT5B, and WNT10B was associated with better OS. Finally, Go and KEGG analysis revealed WNT5A was associated with multiple signal translations, and crucial oncogenes (EGFR and MDM2) and 2 important tumor suppressors (PTEN and IKN4a/ARF) were found closely correlated with WNT5A in glioma. CONCLUSION Among 19WNTs, WNT5A can serve as a candidate to diagnose and therapy glioma, while WNT10B might be valuable for anti-glioma research. The presumed direction was provided to explore the relation of WNTs signal and multiple pathways in glioma.
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30
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Sluimer JC, Biessen EAL. Arterial lymphangiogenesis ReSPONDINg 2 a new cue: the R-spondin2/LRG4 axis limits VEGFR3-mediated lymphangiogenesis and reverse cholesterol transport. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:1417-1419. [PMID: 33712820 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Judith C Sluimer
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, MUMC, Maastricht, Netherlands.,BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences (CVS), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Erik A L Biessen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC), Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, MUMC, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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31
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Chen SH, Hsiao SY, Chang KY, Chang JY. New Insights Into Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: From Clinical Aspects to Molecular Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052252. [PMID: 33668218 PMCID: PMC7956378 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a prevalent malignant disease worldwide, especially so in Taiwan. Early- or even preclinical-stage detection is critical for reducing morbidity and mortality from oral SCC. Epidemiological and genome association studies are useful for identifying clinicopathological risk factors for preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches of oral SCC. For advanced oral SCC, effective treatments are critical to prolonging survival and enhancing quality of life. As oral SCC is characteristic of regional invasion with lymph node metastases, understanding the aggressive features of oral SCC, particularly in lymphangiogenesis, is essential for determining effective treatments. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in tumor growth, invasion, and metastases. Recent clinical successes in immune checkpoint inhibitors either alone or combined with chemotherapy have also supported the therapeutic value of immunotherapy in oral SCC. This review summarizes critical advances in basic knowledge of oral SCC from the perspective of clinicopathological risk factors, molecular tumorigenesis, and the TME. We also highlight our recent investigations on the microbiome, genome association studies, lymphangiogenesis, and immunomodulation in oral SCC. This review may provide new insights for oral SCC treatment by systematically interpreting emerging evidence from various preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Hung Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 70456, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (K.-Y.C.)
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70456, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yen Hsiao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan 736402, Taiwan;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 70456, Taiwan; (S.-H.C.); (K.-Y.C.)
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70456, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Yang Chang
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70456, Taiwan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Zhou C, Zhang Y, Yan R, Huang L, Mellor AL, Yang Y, Chen X, Wei W, Wu X, Yu L, Liang L, Zhang D, Wu S, Wang W. Exosome-derived miR-142-5p remodels lymphatic vessels and induces IDO to promote immune privilege in the tumour microenvironment. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:715-729. [PMID: 32929219 PMCID: PMC7862304 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00618-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical response to immunotherapy is closely associated with the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME), and influenced by the dynamic interaction between tumour cells and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Here, we show that high levels of miR-142-5p positively correlate with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression in tumour-associated lymphatic vessels in advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). The miR-142-5p is transferred by CSCC-secreted exosomes into LECs to exhaust CD8+ T cells via the up-regulation of lymphatic IDO expression, which was abrogated by an IDO inhibitor. Mechanistically, miR-142-5p directly down-regulates lymphatic AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 2 (ARID2) expression, inhibits DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) recruitment to interferon (IFN)-γ promoter, and enhances IFN-γ transcription by suppressing promoter methylation, thereby leading to elevated IDO activity. Furthermore, increased serum exosomal miR-142-5p levels and the consequent IDO activity positively correlate with CSCC progression. In conclusion, exosomes secreted by CSCC cells deliver miR-142-5p to LECs and induce IDO expression via ARID2-DNMT1-IFN-γ signalling to suppress and exhaust CD8+ T cells. Our study suggests that LECs act as an integral component of the immune checkpoint(s) in the TME and may serve as a potential new target for CSCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Department of Immunology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ruiming Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Andrew L Mellor
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Framlington Place, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Wenfei Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiangguang Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Lan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Luojiao Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Huiqiao Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Immunology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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33
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Ruan Y, Ogana H, Gang E, Kim HN, Kim YM. Wnt Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1270:107-121. [PMID: 33123996 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-47189-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated Wnt signaling plays a central role in initiation, progression, and metastasis in many types of human cancers. Cancer development and resistance to conventional cancer therapies are highly associated with the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is composed of numerous stable non-cancer cells, including immune cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), fibroblasts, endothelial cells (ECs), and stromal cells. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that the relationship between Wnt signaling and the TME promotes the proliferation and maintenance of tumor cells, including leukemia. Here, we review the Wnt pathway, the role of Wnt signaling in different components of the TME, and therapeutic strategies for targeting Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Ruan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heather Ogana
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eunji Gang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hye Na Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yong-Mi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Shi R, Liu L, Wang F, He Y, Niu Y, Wang C, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang H, Chen M, Wang Y. Downregulation of cytokeratin 18 induces cellular partial EMT and stemness through increasing EpCAM expression in breast cancer. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109810. [PMID: 33069797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell (CSC) characteristics underlie the development of metastasis, chemoresistance, and tumor recurrence in breast cancer. Downregulation of cytokeratin 18 (CK18) is a critical molecular event of EMT; however, its importance in the induction of EMT and CSC features has not been defined to date. This study aimed to investigate the biological significance and underlying molecular mechanisms of CK18 in inducing EMT phenotype and stemness properties of breast cancer cells. Three breast cancer cell lines (i.e., non-metastatic MCF-7, highly metastatic MDA-MB-231, and mitoxantrone (MX)-selected resistant MCF-7/MX cells) and two CK18-knockdown stable cell clones (MCF-7-shCK18-7D and 3C) were used to determine the association between CK18 and EMT and stemness. CK18 expression was extremely low in highly metastatic, resistant, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-treated breast cancer cells with mesenchymal phenotype and increased expression of CSC markers. Depletion of CK18 promoted partial EMT and the acquisition of stemness properties in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Mechanistically, CK18 interference in MCF-7 cells activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, resulting in the up-regulation of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM). Consistently, the stemness properties and metastasis can be attenuated by further knockdown of EpCAM in CK18-depleted cells. In conclusion, downregulation of CK18 promotes partial EMT and enhances breast cancer stemness by increasing EpCAM expression partly via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These findings indicate that CK18 may serve as a potential treatment target for advanced breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizan Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Linhong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Fengge Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yifan He
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yanan Niu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xuanping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China
| | - Huifeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
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35
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Zong X, Wang W, Ozes A, Fang F, Sandusky GE, Nephew KP. EZH2-Mediated Downregulation of the Tumor Suppressor DAB2IP Maintains Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4371-4385. [PMID: 32816909 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The majority of women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer eventually develop recurrence, which rapidly evolves into chemoresistant disease. Persistence of ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSC) at the end of therapy may be responsible for emergence of resistant tumors. In this study, we demonstrate that in OCSC, the tumor suppressor disabled homolog 2-interacting protein (DAB2IP) is silenced by EZH2-mediated H3K27 trimethylation of the DAB2IP promoter. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated deletion of DAB2IP in epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines upregulated expression of stemness-related genes and induced conversion of non-CSC to CSC, while enforced expression of DAB2IP suppressed CSC properties. Transcriptomic analysis showed that overexpression of DAB2IP in ovarian cancer significantly altered stemness-associated genes and bioinformatic analysis revealed WNT signaling as a dominant pathway mediating the CSC inhibitory effect of DAB2IP. Specifically, DAB2IP inhibited WNT signaling via downregulation of WNT5B, an important stemness inducer. Reverse phase protein array further demonstrated activation of noncanonical WNT signaling via C-JUN as a downstream target of WNT5B, which was blocked by inhibiting RAC1, a prominent regulator of C-JUN activation. Coadministration of EZH2 inhibitor GSK126 and RAC1 inhibitor NSC23766 suppressed OCSC survival in vitro and inhibited tumor growth and increased platinum sensitivity in vivo. Overall, these data establish that DAB2IP suppresses the cancer stem cell phenotype via inhibition of WNT5B-induced activation of C-JUN and can be epigenetically silenced by EZH2 in OCSC. Targeting the EZH2/DAB2IP/C-JUN axis therefore presents a promising strategy to prevent ovarian cancer recurrence and has potential for clinical translation. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings show that combining an epigenetic therapy with a noncanonical WNT signaling pathway inhibitor has the potential to eradicate ovarian cancer stem cells and to prevent ovarian cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Zong
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Weini Wang
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Ali Ozes
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Fang Fang
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - George E Sandusky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Kenneth P Nephew
- Medical Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana. .,Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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36
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Clere N, Renault S, Corre I. Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:747. [PMID: 32923440 PMCID: PMC7456955 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Tumor cells grow in a complex microenvironment constituted of immune, stromal, and vascular cells that supports growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Endothelial cells (ECs) are major components of the vascular microenvironment. These cells have been described for their plasticity and potential to transdifferentiate into mesenchymal cells through a process known as endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). This complex process is controlled by various factors, by which ECs convert into a phenotype characterized by mesenchymal protein expression and motile, contractile morphology. Initially described in normal heart development, EndMT is now identified in several pathologies, and especially in cancer. In this review, we highlight the process of EndMT in the context of cancer and we discuss it as an important adaptive process of the tumor microenvironment that favors tumor growth and dissemination but also resistance to treatment. Thus, we underline targeting of EndMT as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Clere
- Micro and Nanomédecines Translationnelles, Université d'Angers, INSERM UMR U1066, CNRS 6021, Angers, France
| | - Sarah Renault
- Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, Université de Nantes, INSERM UMR U1238, Nantes, France
| | - Isabelle Corre
- Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés, Université de Nantes, INSERM UMR U1238, Nantes, France
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Yu J, Deng Y, Han M. Blocking protein phosphatase 2A with a peptide protects mice against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Exp Lung Res 2020; 46:234-242. [PMID: 32584210 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2020.1774823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Emerging data indicate that endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). A previous study noted that blocking the activity of protein phosphatase 2 A (PP2A) could attenuate EndMT. However, the treatment effects of PP2A inhibitors in pulmonary fibrosis remain not investigated. In the present study, we used a PP2A inhibitor, a newly designed peptide named TAT-Y127WT, to determine the role of PP2A in pulmonary fibrosis. Herein, we showed that TAT-Y127WT protected mice against BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis by attenuating lung injury and fibrosis. Furthermore, a mechanistic study indicated that TAT-Y127WT could alleviate EndMT in the lungs following BLM induction. Overall, our data showed that PP2A might participate in pulmonary fibrogenesis by promoting EndMT, and TAT-Y127WT could be a potential candidate for new anti-fibrotic therapies for IPF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanjun Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Min Han
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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38
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Lü L, Yakoumatos L, Ren J, Duan X, Zhou H, Gu Z, Mohammed M, Uriarte SM, Liang S, Scott DA, Lamont RJ, Wang H. JAK3 restrains inflammatory responses and protects against periodontal disease through Wnt3a signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:9120-9140. [PMID: 32433819 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902697rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Homeostasis between pro- and anti- inflammatory responses induced by bacteria is critical for the maintenance of health. In the oral cavity, pro-inflammatory mechanisms induced by pathogenic bacteria are well-established; however, the anti-inflammatory responses that act to restrain innate responses remain poorly characterized. Here, we demonstrate that infection with the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis enhances the activity of Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) in innate immune cells, and subsequently phospho-inactivates Nedd4-2, an ubiquitin E3 ligase. In turn, Wingless-INT (Wnt) 3 (Wnt3) ubiquitination is decreased, while total protein levels are enhanced, leading to a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. In contrast, JAK3 or Wnt3a inhibition robustly enhances nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells activity and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in P. gingivalis-stimulated innate immune cells. Moreover, using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we demonstrate that downstream molecules of Wnt3a signaling, including Dvl3 and β-catenin, are responsible for the negative regulatory role of Wnt3a. In addition, using an in vivo P. gingivalis-mediated periodontal disease model, we show that JAK3 inhibition enhances infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduces expression of Wnt3a and Dvl3 in P. gingivalis-infected gingival tissues, and increases disease severity. Together, our results reveal a new anti-inflammatory role for JAK3 in innate immune cells and show that the underlying signaling pathway involves Nedd4-2-mediated Wnt3a ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanhai Lü
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lan Yakoumatos
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Junling Ren
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, VCU School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Xiaoxian Duan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Huaxin Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Zhen Gu
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Muddasir Mohammed
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Shuang Liang
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - David A Scott
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Richard J Lamont
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Huizhi Wang
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Oral and Craniofacial Molecular Biology, VCU School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Shen C, Yu J, Zhang X, Liu CC, Guo YS, Zhu JW, Zhang K, Yu Y, Gao TT, Yang SM, Li H, Zheng B, Huang XY. Strawberry Notch 1 (SBNO1) promotes proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells via the noncanonical Wnt pathway in mice. Asian J Androl 2020; 21:345-350. [PMID: 30198493 PMCID: PMC6628735 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_65_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
While it is known that spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) initiate the production of male germ cells, the mechanisms of SSC self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation remain poorly understood. We have previously identified Strawberry Notch 1 (SBNO1), a vertebrate strawberry notch family protein, in the proteome profile for mouse SSC maturation and differentiation, revealing SBNO1 is associated with neonatal testicular development. To explore further the location and function of SBNO1 in the testes, we performed Sbno1 gene knockdown in mice to study the effects of SBNO1 on neonatal testicular and SSC development. Our results revealed that SBNO1 is required for neonatal testicular and SSC development in mice. Particularly, in vitro Sbno1 gene knockdown with morpholino oligonucleotides caused a reduction of SSCs and inactivation of the noncanonical Wnt pathway, through Jun N-terminal kinases. Our study suggests SBNO1 maintains SSCs by promoting the noncanonical Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Shen
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chen-Chen Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yue-Shuai Guo
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,The Affiliated Wuxi Matemity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Jia-Wei Zhu
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Ting-Ting Gao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.,Center of Clinical Reproductive Medicine, The Affiliated Changzhou Matemity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Shen-Min Yang
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Hong Li
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215002, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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Weinstein N, Mendoza L, Álvarez-Buylla ER. A Computational Model of the Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition. Front Genet 2020; 11:40. [PMID: 32226439 PMCID: PMC7080988 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) form the lining of lymph and blood vessels. Changes in tissue requirements or wounds may cause ECs to behave as tip or stalk cells. Alternatively, they may differentiate into mesenchymal cells (MCs). These processes are known as EC activation and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), respectively. EndMT, Tip, and Stalk EC behaviors all require SNAI1, SNAI2, and Matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) function. However, only EndMT inhibits the expression of VE-cadherin, PECAM1, and VEGFR2, and also leads to EC detachment. Physiologically, EndMT is involved in heart valve development, while a defective EndMT regulation is involved in the physiopathology of cardiovascular malformations, congenital heart disease, systemic and organ fibrosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and atherosclerosis. Therefore, the control of EndMT has many promising potential applications in regenerative medicine. Despite the fact that many molecular components involved in EC activation and EndMT have been characterized, the system-level molecular mechanisms involved in this process have not been elucidated. Toward this end, hereby we present Boolean network model of the molecular involved in the regulation of EC activation and EndMT. The simulated dynamic behavior of our model reaches fixed and cyclic patterns of activation that correspond to the expected EC and MC cell types and behaviors, recovering most of the specific effects of simple gain and loss-of-function mutations as well as the conditions associated with the progression of several diseases. Therefore, our model constitutes a theoretical framework that can be used to generate hypotheses and guide experimental inquiry to comprehend the regulatory mechanisms behind EndMT. Our main findings include that both the extracellular microevironment and the pattern of molecular activity within the cell regulate EndMT. EndMT requires a lack of VEGFA and sufficient oxygen in the extracellular microenvironment as well as no FLI1 and GATA2 activity within the cell. Additionally Tip cells cannot undergo EndMT directly. Furthermore, the specific conditions that are sufficient to trigger EndMT depend on the specific pattern of molecular activation within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Weinstein
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elena R Álvarez-Buylla
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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The Role of Carcinogenesis-Related Biomarkers in the Wnt Pathway and Their Effects on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030555. [PMID: 32121061 PMCID: PMC7139589 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
As oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) can develop from potentially malignant disorders (PMDs), it is critical to develop methods for early detection to improve the prognosis of patients. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role during tumor progression and metastasis. The Wnt signaling pathway is an intercellular pathway in animals that also plays a fundamental role in cell proliferation and regeneration, and in the function of many cell or tissue types. Specific components of master regulators such as epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), Vimentin, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), Snail, and neural cadherin (N-cadherin), which are known to control the EMT process, have also been implicated in the Wnt cascade. Here, we review recent findings on the Wnt signaling pathway and the expression mechanism. These regulators are known to play roles in EMT and tumor progression, especially in OSCC. Characterizing the mechanisms through which both EMT and the Wnt pathway play a role in these cellular pathways could increase our understanding of the tumor genesis process and may allow for the development of improved therapeutics for OSCC.
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Zhang Q, Fan H, Liu H, Jin J, Zhu S, Zhou L, Liu H, Zhang F, Zhan P, Lv T, Song Y. WNT5B exerts oncogenic effects and is negatively regulated by miR-5587-3p in lung adenocarcinoma progression. Oncogene 2019; 39:1484-1497. [PMID: 31666682 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1071-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
WNT5B glycoprotein belongs to the Wnt protein family. Limited investigations revealed a possible role of WNT5B in malignancies, such as triple-negative breast cancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma. However, whether WNT5B contributes to the progression of lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) remains unclear. Here, we initially determine that WNT5B is highly expressed in LAD and is positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. Consistently, clinical analysis reveals WNT5B as an independent prognostic biomarker in LAD. Silencing WNT5B suppresses the proliferation of LAD both in vitro and in vivo by interfering G1/S cell-cycle progression and modulating amino acid metabolism, revealing its remarkable oncogenic role in LAD. Of note, we also identified miR-5587-3p as a negative upstream regulator of WNT5B in LAD, which may help develop therapies targeting LAD patients with high WNT5B expression. Taken together, our results revealed an oncogenic role of WNT5B in LAD, which could be a prognostic biomarker and promising therapeutic target for LAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hang Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongda Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiajia Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suhua Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, Jiangsu, China.
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Yamada NO, Heishima K, Akao Y, Senda T. Extracellular Vesicles Containing MicroRNA-92a-3p Facilitate Partial Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Angiogenesis in Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184406. [PMID: 31500278 PMCID: PMC6769671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanometer-sized membranous vesicles used for primitive cell-to-cell communication. We previously reported that colon cancer-derived EVs contain abundant miR-92a-3p and have a pro-angiogenic function. We previously identified Dickkopf-3 (Dkk-3) as a direct target of miR-92a-3p; however, the pro-angiogenic function of miR-92a-3p cannot only be attributed to downregulation of Dkk-3. Therefore, the complete molecular mechanism by which miR-92a-3p exerts pro-angiogenic effects is still unclear. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the gene sets affected by ectopic expression of miR-92a-3p in endothelial cells to elucidate processes underlying EV-induced angiogenesis. We found that the ectopic expression of miR-92a-3p upregulated cell cycle- and mitosis-related gene expression and downregulated adhesion-related gene expression in endothelial cells. We also identified a novel target gene of miR-92a-3p, claudin-11. Claudin-11 belongs to the claudin gene family, which encodes essential components expressed at tight junctions (TJs). Disruption of TJs with a concomitant loss of claudin expression is a significant event in the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Our findings have unveiled a new EV-mediated mechanism for tumor angiogenesis through the induction of partial endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami O Yamada
- Department of Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Heishima
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Akao
- United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takao Senda
- Department of Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
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Jiang S, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Zhu T, Ruan Q, Chen H, Fang J, Zhou F, Sun J, Yang X. WNT5B governs the phenotype of basal-like breast cancer by activating WNT signaling. Cell Commun Signal 2019; 17:109. [PMID: 31462314 PMCID: PMC6714433 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-019-0419-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Metastatic disease remains the primary cause of death in patients with breast cancer. Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is associated with aggressive behavior, stem-like phenotype, high histological grade, poor clinical features, and high rates of recurrences and/or metastasis. However, the mechanism of BLBC phenotype shaping remains obscure. Methods Seventeen normal breast/breast cancer cell lines were used for evaluating the breast cancer subtype-markers, WNT targets and constitutive components, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers analysis by western blot. One hundred and twenty formalin-fixed breast cancer tissues were used for immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Nine online platforms (cBioPortal, CCLE, GEPIA, etc.) were used for related analyses. Results We identified Wnt5b as a key regulatory factor that governs the phenotype of BLBC by activating canonical and non-canonical WNT signaling. Wnt5b exhibited basal-like specificity in cells and clinical samples both at the mRNA and protein levels and also showed good correlation with basal-like phenotype at the mRNA level. Besides, Wnt5b was also a promising therapeutic target for LGK-974 treatment. In addition, we identified that CK1α was expressed at low levels in BLBC and that the activation of CK1α by pyrvinium was an alternative strategy for BLBC treatment. Conclusions Wnt5b is not only a diagnostic biomarker but also a potential therapeutic target of BLBC. Graphical abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12964-019-0419-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miaofeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiping Zhou
- Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound and Echocardiography, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Ruan
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Fang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal and Safety Research, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jihong Sun
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China. .,Image-Guided Bio-Molecular Intervention Research, Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, 98109, USA.
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Platel V, Faure S, Corre I, Clere N. Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EndoMT): Roles in Tumorigenesis, Metastatic Extravasation and Therapy Resistance. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:8361945. [PMID: 31467544 PMCID: PMC6701373 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8361945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells evolve in a very complex tumor microenvironment, composed of several cell types, among which the endothelial cells are the major actors of the tumor angiogenesis. Today, these cells are also characterized for their plasticity, as endothelial cells have demonstrated their potential to modify their phenotype to differentiate into mesenchymal cells through the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). This cellular plasticity is mediated by various stimuli including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and is modulated dependently of experimental conditions. Recently, emerging evidences have shown that EndoMT is involved in the development and dissemination of cancer and also in cancer cell to escape from therapeutic treatment. In this review, we summarize current updates on EndoMT and its main induction pathways. In addition, we discuss the role of EndoMT in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and its potential implication in cancer therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Platel
- Micro & Nanomédecines Translationnelles-MINT, Univ Angers, INSERM U1066, CNRS UMR 6021, Angers, France
| | - Sébastien Faure
- Micro & Nanomédecines Translationnelles-MINT, Univ Angers, INSERM U1066, CNRS UMR 6021, Angers, France
| | - Isabelle Corre
- Sarcomes Osseux et Remodelage des Tissus Calcifiés Phy-OS, Université de Nantes INSERM UMR U1238, Faculté de Médecine, F-44035 Nantes, France
| | - Nicolas Clere
- Micro & Nanomédecines Translationnelles-MINT, Univ Angers, INSERM U1066, CNRS UMR 6021, Angers, France
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Piera-Velazquez S, Jimenez SA. Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition: Role in Physiology and in the Pathogenesis of Human Diseases. Physiol Rev 2019; 99:1281-1324. [PMID: 30864875 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00021.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that endothelial cells are capable of undergoing endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT), a newly recognized type of cellular transdifferentiation. EndMT is a complex biological process in which endothelial cells adopt a mesenchymal phenotype displaying typical mesenchymal cell morphology and functions, including the acquisition of cellular motility and contractile properties. Endothelial cells undergoing EndMT lose the expression of endothelial cell-specific proteins such as CD31/platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule, von Willebrand factor, and vascular-endothelial cadherin and initiate the expression of mesenchymal cell-specific genes and the production of their encoded proteins including α-smooth muscle actin, extra domain A fibronectin, N-cadherin, vimentin, fibroblast specific protein-1, also known as S100A4 protein, and fibrillar type I and type III collagens. Transforming growth factor-β1 is considered the main EndMT inducer. However, EndMT involves numerous molecular and signaling pathways that are triggered and modulated by multiple and often redundant mechanisms depending on the specific cellular context and on the physiological or pathological status of the cells. EndMT participates in highly important embryonic development processes, as well as in the pathogenesis of numerous genetically determined and acquired human diseases including malignant, vascular, inflammatory, and fibrotic disorders. Despite intensive investigation, many aspects of EndMT remain to be elucidated. The identification of molecules and regulatory pathways involved in EndMT and the discovery of specific EndMT inhibitors should provide novel therapeutic approaches for various human disorders mediated by EndMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sergio A Jimenez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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He CK, Chen YW, Wang SH, Hsu CH. Hydrodynamic shuttling for deterministic high-efficiency multiple single-cell capture in a microfluidic chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:1370-1377. [PMID: 30888367 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00036d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Studies on cellular heterogeneity have emerged as a powerful approach for developing new strategies to treat diseases including cancer. However, it is difficult to set up an in vitro co-culture experiment to study the interaction of individual live cells. In this paper, we report a hydrodynamic shuttling chip (HSC) which can deterministically capture single cells into microfluidic chambers to set up multiple single-cell co-culture experiments in which individual live cells can be microscopically observed. Using this chip device, we demonstrated a triple single-cell culture of oral squamous cell carcinoma and lymphatic endothelial cells to observe the effect of cell-cell interaction on the cell motility. Triple, single-cell pairing efficiency by our HSC device was eightfold higher than that of the probabilistic method. Using this HSC device, we were able to perform triple-culture experiments to show the cell type-dependent motility of oral squamous cell carcinoma and lymphatic endothelial cells, which was not observed in co-culture experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kun He
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Cote B, Rao D, Alany RG, Kwon GS, Alani AW. Lymphatic changes in cancer and drug delivery to the lymphatics in solid tumors. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 144:16-34. [PMID: 31461662 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although many solid tumors use the lymphatic system to metastasize, there are few treatment options that directly target cancer present in the lymphatic system, and those that do are highly invasive, uncomfortable, and/or have limitations. In this review we provide a brief overview of lymphatic function and anatomy, discusses changes that befall the lymphatics in cancer and the mechanisms by which these changes occur, and highlight limitations of lymphatic drug delivery. We then go on to summarize relevant techniques and new research for targeting cancer populations in the lymphatics and enhancing drug delivery intralymphatically, including intralymphatic injections, isolated limb perfusion, passive nano drug delivery systems, and actively targeted nanomedicine.
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Yao Y, Yao J, Boström KI. SOX Transcription Factors in Endothelial Differentiation and Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transitions. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:30. [PMID: 30984768 PMCID: PMC6447608 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The SRY (Sex Determining Region Y)-related HMG box of DNA binding proteins, referred to as SOX transcription factors, were first identified as critical regulators of male sex determination but are now known to play an important role in vascular development and disease. SOX7, 17, and 18 are essential in endothelial differentiation and SOX2 has emerged as an essential mediator of endothelial-mesenchymal transitions (EndMTs), a mechanism that enables the endothelium to contribute cells with abnormal cell differentiation to vascular disease such as calcific vasculopathy. In the following paper, we review published information on the SOX transcription factors in endothelial differentiation and hypothesize that SOX2 acts as a mediator of EndMTs that contribute to vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jiayi Yao
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kristina I Boström
- Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Wang C, Xu S, Tian Y, Ju A, Hou Q, Liu J, Fu Y, Luo Y. Lysyl Oxidase-Like Protein 2 Promotes Tumor Lymphangiogenesis and Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer. Neoplasia 2019; 21:413-427. [PMID: 30925417 PMCID: PMC6439287 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor lymphangiogenesis has been previously documented to predict regional lymph node metastasis and promote the spread to distant organs. However, the underlying mechanism initiating tumor lymphangiogenesis remains unclear. Here we described a novel role of tumor cell-derived Lysyl Oxidase-like protein 2 (LOXL2) in promoting lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in breast cancer. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of samples from breast cancer patients showed that the expression of LOXL2 was positively correlated with lymphatic vessel density and breast cancer malignancy. In animal studies, LOXL2-overexpressing breast cancer cells significantly increased lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis, whereas knockdown of LOXL2 suppressed both processes. In order to study the mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis progression, we performed further in vitro investigations and the data revealed that LOXL2 significantly enhanced lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) invasion and tube formation through directly activation of the Akt-Snail and Erk pathways. Moreover, LOXL2 also stimulated fibroblasts to secrete high level of pro- lymphangiogenic factors VEGF-C and SDF-1α. Taken together, our study elucidates a novel function of tumor cell secreted LOXL2 in lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis, demonstrating that LOXL2 serves as a promising target for anti-lymphangiogenesis and anti-metastasis therapies for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Wang
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics; Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics; Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Siran Xu
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics; Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics; Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program (PTN), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Tian
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics; Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics; Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Anji Ju
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics; Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics; Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoyun Hou
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics; Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics; Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics; Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics; Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Fu
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics; Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics; Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhang Luo
- The National Engineering Laboratory for Anti-Tumor Protein Therapeutics; Beijing Key Laboratory for Protein Therapeutics; Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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