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Jiang N, Gelfond J, Liu Q, Strong R, Nelson JF. The Gehan test identifies life-extending compounds overlooked by the log-rank test in the NIA Interventions Testing Program: Metformin, Enalapril, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, green tea extract, and 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin hydrochloride. GeroScience 2024; 46:4533-4541. [PMID: 38630424 PMCID: PMC11335987 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The National Institute on Aging Interventions Testing Program (ITP) has so far identified 12 compounds that extend the lifespan of genetically heterogeneous mice using the log-rank test. However, the log-rank test is relatively insensitive to any compound that does not uniformly reduce mortality across the lifespan. This test may thus miss compounds that only reduce mortality before midlife, for example, a plausible outcome if a compound only mitigates risk factors before midlife or if its efficacy is reduced at later ages. We therefore reanalyzed all data collected by the ITP from 2004-2022 using the Gehan test, which is more sensitive to mortality differences earlier in the life course and does not assume a uniformly reduced mortality hazard across the lifespan. The Gehan test identified 5 additional compounds, metformin, enalapril, 17-dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin hydrochloride (17-DMAG), caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), and green tea extract (GTE), which significantly increased survival but were previously missed by the log-rank test. Three (metformin, enalapril, and 17-DMAG) were only effective in males and two (CAPE and GTE) were only effective in females. In addition, 1,3-butanediol, which by log-rank analysis increased survival in females but not males, increased survival in males by the Gehan test. These results suggest that statistical tests sensitive to non-uniformity of drug efficacy across the lifespan should be included in the standard statistical testing protocol to minimize overlooking geroprotective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisi Jiang
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio; San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, UT Health San Antonio; San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A
| | - Jonathan Gelfond
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio; San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Population Health Sciences, UT Health San Antonio; San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Population Health Sciences, UT Health San Antonio; San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A
| | - Randy Strong
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio; San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Health San Antonio; San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A
| | - James F Nelson
- The Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio; San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A..
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, UT Health San Antonio; San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, U.S.A..
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2
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Qiu S, Liu Z, Wang CT, Sun XD, Liu ZQ, Liu W. The potential protective effect of 3-Hydroxybutyrate against aortic dissection: a mendelian randomization analysis. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:75. [PMID: 39304912 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00853-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3-Hydroxybutyrate, also called β-hydroxybutyrate, is a significant constituent of ketone bodies. Previous observational and experimental studies have suggested that ketogenic diet, especially 3-hydroxybutyrate, may have a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between ketone bodies, especially 3-hydroxybutyrate, and aortic dissection remains uncertain. MATERIALS AND METHODS Publicly accessible data from genome-wide association study (GWAS) was utilized to obtain information on ketone bodies, including 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate and acetone as exposure respectively, while GWAS data on aortic dissection was used as outcome. Subsequently, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to examine the potential relationship between ketone bodies and aortic dissection. Then, reverse and multivariate Mendelian randomization analyses were performed. Additionally, sensitivity tests were conducted to assess the robustness of MR study. RESULTS The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method of Mendelian randomization analysis of gene prediction observed a negative correlation between 3-hydroxybutyrate and risk of aortic dissection (OR 0.147, 95% CI 0.053-0.410). Furthermore, consistent findings were obtained through the implementation of the weighted median, simple mode, Mendelian randomization-Egger (MR-Egger), and weighted mode methods. After adjusting acetoacetate (OR 0.143, 95% CI 0.023-0.900) or acetone (OR 0.100, 95% CI 0.025-0.398), MR analysis of gene prediction still observed a negative correlation between 3-hydroxybutyrate and risk of aortic dissection. No indications of heterogeneity or pleiotropy among the SNPs were detected. CONCLUSION The findings from the MR analysis demonstrated that genetically predicted 3-hydroxybutyrate exhibits a protective effect against aortic dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Qiu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, Shangdong, 250033, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ting Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-di Sun
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, Shangdong, 250033, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeng-Qiang Liu
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, Shangdong, 250033, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, Shangdong, 250033, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Blume GR, Royes LFF. Peripheral to brain and hippocampus crosstalk induced by exercise mediates cognitive and structural hippocampal adaptations. Life Sci 2024; 352:122799. [PMID: 38852798 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Endurance exercise leads to robust increases in memory and learning. Several exercise adaptations occur to mediate these improvements, including in both the hippocampus and in peripheral organs. Organ crosstalk has been becoming increasingly more present in exercise biology, and studies have shown that peripheral organs can communicate to the hippocampus and mediate hippocampal changes. Both learning and memory as well as other hippocampal functional-related changes such as neurogenesis, cell proliferation, dendrite morphology and synaptic plasticity are controlled by these exercise responsive peripheral proteins. These peripheral factors, also called exerkines, are produced by several organs including skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue, kidneys, adrenal glands and circulatory cells. Previous reviews have explored some of these exerkines including muscle-derived irisin and cathepsin B (CTSB), but a full picture of peripheral to hippocampus crosstalk with novel exerkines such as selenoprotein 1 (SEPP1) and platelet factor 4 (PF4), or old overlooked ones such as lactate and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is still missing. We provide 29 different studies of 14 different exerkines that crosstalk with the hippocampus. Thus, the purpose of this review is to explore peripheral exerkines that have shown to exert hippocampal function following exercise, demonstrating their particular effects and molecular mechanisms in which they could be inducing adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
- Center in Natural and Exact Sciences, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Physical Education and Sports Center, Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory (BIOEX), Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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4
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Wang R, Yang X, Wang L, Wang R, Zhang W, Ji Y, Li Z, Li H, Cui L. β-Hydroxybutyrate alleviates brain aging through the MTA1 pathway in D-galactose injured mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 983:176959. [PMID: 39216746 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable law of the process of life during which many physiological functions change. Brain aging is an important mechanism in the occurrence and development of degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. β-Hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) is a water-soluble, endogenous small-molecule ketone that can cross the blood-brain barrier and induce neuroprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of BHBA on D-galactose (D-gal) induced aging in mice and its underlying mechanisms using in vitro and in vivo experiments. These results indicated that D-gal-induced senescence, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses were inhibited by BHBA, and autophagy was promoted by BHBA. Mechanistically, we explored the role of metastasis-associated antigen-1 (MTA1) in D-gal-induced damaged in HT22 cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA). The results demonstrated that the expression of MTA1 was significantly increased by BHBA, which attenuated D-gal-induced aging, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses, and promoted autophagy through the upregulation of MTA1. In conclusion, MTA1 may be a novel target for treating aging caused by neurological damage. BHBA improves brain aging by activating the MTA1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China; The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong province, China
| | - Xiaojing Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R & D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wanzi Zhang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning province, China
| | - Yu Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R & D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zaiyu Li
- Heyou Hospital of Guangdong Province.
| | - Hua Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Drug-Research and Development (R & D) of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Lianxu Cui
- The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, Guangdong province, China.
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5
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Lai JY, Mclarnon P, Sheridan C, Vallabh NA. Evaluating the impact of caloric restriction, body mass index and exercise on primary open-angle glaucoma: A review. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024:11206721241274445. [PMID: 39169764 DOI: 10.1177/11206721241274445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
This literature review evaluates any possible links between primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and caloric restriction (CR), body mass index (BMI), and exercise, aiming to map the extent of the literature. Its primary objective is to recognise the nature and breadth of research evidence, identify possible gaps in these topics and develop future studies. The databases searched were MEDLINE (PudMed), Scopus and ScienceDirect, in April 2023 for articles published in English, with no date restriction. A total of 447 search results were retrieved. Of these, 73 were related to CR, 249 to BMI, and 125 to exercise. Records identified included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and animal studies. CR has been shown to halt the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and protect against various glaucomatous processes in animal models. Low BMI has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of POAG and a faster rate of visual field deterioration in POAG. However, the association between high BMI and POAG is not consistent. Exercise has been shown to cause mechanical, vascular, and neurobiological changes affecting the pathophysiology of POAG. The present review helps identify key characteristics and factors relating to the impacts of CR, BMI, or exercise on POAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ym Lai
- St. Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Patrick Mclarnon
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Carl Sheridan
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Neeru A Vallabh
- St. Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Eye and Vision Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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6
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Wang Q, Lan X, Ke H, Xu S, Huang C, Wang J, Wang X, Huang T, Wu X, Chen M, Guo Y, Zeng L, Tian XL, Xiang Y. Histone β-hydroxybutyrylation is critical in reversal of sarcopenia. Aging Cell 2024:e14284. [PMID: 39076122 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a leading cause for global disability and mortality, is an age-related muscular disorder, characterized by accelerated muscle mass loss and functional decline. It is known that caloric restriction (CR), ketogenic diet or endurance exercise lessen sarcopenia and elevate circulating β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) levels. Whether the elevated β-HB is essential to the reversal of sarcopenia, however, remains unclear. Here we show in both Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse models that an increase of β-HB reverse myofiber atrophy and improves motor functions at advanced ages. β-HB-induced histone lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) is indispensable for the reversal of sarcopenia. Histone Kbhb enhances transcription of genes associated with mitochondrial pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation, ATP metabolic process and aerobic respiration. This ultimately leads to improve mitochondrial integrity and enhance mitochondrial respiration. The histone Kbhb are validated in mouse model with CR. Thus, we demonstrate that β-HB induces histone Kbhb, increases mitochondrial function, and reverses sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiquan Wang
- Metabolic Control and Aging, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinqiang Lan
- Metabolic Control and Aging, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Hao Ke
- Metabolic Control and Aging, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Siman Xu
- Metabolic Control and Aging, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunping Huang
- Metabolic Control and Aging, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Metabolic Control and Aging, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Metabolic Control and Aging, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Tiane Huang
- Metabolic Control and Aging, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Metabolic Control and Aging, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Mengxin Chen
- Metabolic Control and Aging, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Yingqi Guo
- Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities of the Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities of the Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Li Tian
- Aging and Vascular Diseases, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Metabolic Control and Aging, Human Aging Research Institute and School of Life Science, Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Aging and Diseases, Nanchang, China
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7
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Chen L, Liu L, Su H, Xu Y. KbhbXG: A Machine learning architecture based on XGBoost for prediction of lysine β-Hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) modification sites. Methods 2024; 227:27-34. [PMID: 38679187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation is an important post-translational modification (PTM) involved in various physiological and biological processes. In this research, we introduce a novel predictor KbhbXG, which utilizes XGBoost to identify β-hydroxybutyrylation modification sites based on protein sequence information. The traditional experimental methods employed for the identification of β-hydroxybutyrylated sites using proteomic techniques are both costly and time-consuming. Thus, the development of computational methods and predictors can play a crucial role in facilitating the rapid identification of β-hydroxybutyrylation sites. Our proposed KbhbXG model first utilizes machine learning algorithm XGBoost to predict β-hydroxybutyrylation modification sites. On the independent test set, KbhbXG achieves an accuracy of 0.7457, specificity of 0.7771, and an impressive area under the curve (AUC) score of 0.8172. The high AUC score achieved by our method demonstrates its potential for effectively identifying novel β-hydroxybutyrylation sites, thereby facilitating further research and exploration of the β-hydroxybutyrylation process. Also, functional analyses have revealed that different organisms preferentially engage in distinct biological processes and pathways, which can provide valuable insights for understanding the mechanism of β-hydroxybutyrylation and guide experimental verification. To promote transparency and reproducibility, we have made both the codes and dataset of KbhbXG publicly available. Researchers interested in utilizing our proposed model can access these resources at https://github.com/Lab-Xu/KbhbXG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leqi Chen
- Department of Statistics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liwen Liu
- The Open University of China, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Haiyan Su
- School of Computing, Montclair State University, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Statistics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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8
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Nesterova VV, Babenkova PI, Brezgunova AA, Samoylova NA, Sadovnikova IS, Semenovich DS, Andrianova NV, Gureev AP, Plotnikov EY. Differences in the Effect of Beta-Hydroxybutyrate on the Mitochondrial Biogenesis, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Markers in Tissues from Young and Old Rats. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:1336-1348. [PMID: 39218029 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924070149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
One of the therapeutic approaches to age-related diseases is modulation of body cell metabolism through certain diets or their pharmacological mimetics. The ketogenic diet significantly affects cell energy metabolism and functioning of mitochondria, which has been actively studied in various age-related pathologies. Here, we investigated the effect of the ketogenic diet mimetic beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) on the expression of genes regulating mitochondrial biogenesis (Ppargc1a, Nrf1, Tfam), quality control (Sqstm1), functioning of the antioxidant system (Nfe2l2, Gpx1, Gpx3, Srxn1, Txnrd2, Slc6a9, Slc7a11), and inflammatory response (Il1b, Tnf, Ptgs2, Gfap) in the brain, lungs, heart, liver, kidneys, and muscles of young and old rats. We also analyzed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, accumulation of mtDNA damage, and levels of oxidative stress based on the concentration of reduced glutathione and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). In some organs, aging disrupted mitochondrial biogenesis and functioning of cell antioxidant system, which was accompanied by the increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Administration of BHB for 2 weeks had different effects on the organs of young and old rats. In particular, BHB upregulated expression of genes coding for proteins associated with the mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant system, especially in the liver and muscles of young (but not old) rats. At the same time, BHB contributed to the reduction of TBARS in the kidneys of old rats. Therefore, our study has shown that administration of ketone bodies significantly affected gene expression in organs, especially in young rats, by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis, improving the functioning of the antioxidant defense system, and partially reducing the level of oxidative stress. However, these changes were much less pronounced in old animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna A Brezgunova
- Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | | | | | - Dmitry S Semenovich
- Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Nadezda V Andrianova
- Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Artem P Gureev
- Voronezh State University, Voronezh, 394018, Russia
- Voronezh State University of Engineering Technology, Voronezh, 394036, Russia
| | - Egor Y Plotnikov
- Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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9
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Li X, Yang J, Zhou X, Dai C, Kong M, Xie L, Liu C, Liu Y, Li D, Ma X, Dai Y, Sun Y, Jian Z, Guo X, Lin X, Li Y, Sun L, Liu X, Jin L, Tang H, Zheng Y, Hong S. Ketogenic diet-induced bile acids protect against obesity through reduced calorie absorption. Nat Metab 2024; 6:1397-1414. [PMID: 38937659 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-01072-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) has long been practiced for weight loss, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Gut microbiota and metabolites have been suggested to mediate the metabolic changes caused by KD consumption, although the particular gut microbes or metabolites involved are unclear. Here, we show that KD consumption enhances serum levels of taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) and tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) in mice to decrease body weight and fasting glucose levels. Mechanistically, KD feeding decreases the abundance of a bile salt hydrolase (BSH)-coding gut bacterium, Lactobacillus murinus ASF361. The reduction of L. murinus ASF361 or inhibition of BSH activity increases the circulating levels of TDCA and TUDCA, thereby reducing energy absorption by inhibiting intestinal carbonic anhydrase 1 expression, which leads to weight loss. TDCA and TUDCA treatments have been found to protect against obesity and its complications in multiple mouse models. Additionally, the associations among the abovementioned bile acids, microbial BSH and metabolic traits were consistently observed both in an observational study of healthy human participants (n = 416) and in a low-carbohydrate KD interventional study of participants who were either overweight or with obesity (n = 25). In summary, we uncover a unique host-gut microbiota metabolic interaction mechanism for KD consumption to decrease body weight and fasting glucose levels. Our findings support TDCA and TUDCA as two promising drug candidates for obesity and its complications in addition to a KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chen Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Linshan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chenglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yilian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- Masonic Medical Research Institute, Utica, NY, USA
| | - Zhijie Jian
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohuan Guo
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yixue Li
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Global Health Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Huiru Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Shanghai, P.R. China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Shangyu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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Qin S, Zhang Y, Shi M, Miao D, Lu J, Wen L, Bai Y. In-depth organic mass cytometry reveals differential contents of 3-hydroxybutanoic acid at the single-cell level. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4387. [PMID: 38782922 PMCID: PMC11116506 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48865-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive single-cell metabolic profiling is critical for revealing phenotypic heterogeneity and elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying biological processes. However, single-cell metabolomics remains challenging because of the limited metabolite coverage and inability to discriminate isomers. Herein, we establish a single-cell metabolomics platform for in-depth organic mass cytometry. Extended single-cell analysis time guarantees sufficient MS/MS acquisition for metabolite identification and the isomers discrimination while online sampling ensures the high-throughput of the method. The largest number of identified metabolites (approximately 600) are achieved in single cells and fine subtyping of MCF-7 cells is first demonstrated by an investigation on the differential levels of 3-hydroxybutanoic acid among clusters. Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals differences in the expression of 3-hydroxybutanoic acid downstream antioxidative stress genes, such as metallothionein 2 (MT2A), while a fluorescence-activated cell sorting assay confirms the positive relationship between 3-hydroxybutanoic acid and target proteins; these results suggest that the heterogeneity of 3-hydroxybutanoic acid provides cancer cells with different ability to resist surrounding oxidative stress. Our method paves the way for deep single-cell metabolome profiling and investigations on the physiological and pathological processes that occur during cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingying Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Daiyu Miao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiansen Lu
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovative Center, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Wen
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovative Center, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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11
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Qiu S, Liu Z, Jiang WD, Sun JH, Liu ZQ, Sun XD, Wang CT, Liu W. Diabetes and aortic dissection: unraveling the role of 3-hydroxybutyrate through mendelian randomization. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:159. [PMID: 38715052 PMCID: PMC11077732 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02266-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In observational and experimental studies, diabetes has been reported as a protective factor for aortic dissection. 3-Hydroxybutyrate, a key constituent of ketone bodies, has been found to favor improvements in cardiovascular disease. However, whether the protective effect of diabetes on aortic dissection is mediated by 3-hydroxybutyrate is unclear. We aimed to investigate the causal effects of diabetes on the risk of aortic dissection and the mediating role of 3-hydroxybutyrate in them through two-step Mendelian randomization. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a two-step Mendelian randomization to investigate the causal connections between diabetes, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and aortic dissection and calculate the mediating effect of 3-hydroxybutyrate. Publicly accessible data for Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, dissection of aorta and 3-hydroxybutyrate were obtained from genome-wide association studies. The association between Type 1 diabetes and dissection of aorta, the association between Type 2 diabetes and dissection of aorta, and mediation effect of 3-hydroxybutyrate were carried out separately. RESULTS The IVW method showed that Type 1 diabetes was negatively associated with the risk of aortic dissection (OR 0.912, 95% CI 0.836-0.995), The weighted median, simple mode and weighted mode method showed consistent results. The mediated proportion of 3-hydroxybutyrate on the relationship between Type 1 diabetes and dissection of aorta was 24.80% (95% CI 5.12-44.47%). The IVW method showed that Type 2 diabetes was negatively associated with the risk of aortic dissection (OR 0.763, 95% CI 0.607-0.960), The weighted median, simple mode and weighted mode method showed consistent results. 3-Hydroxybutyrate does not have causal mediation effect on the relationship between Type 2 diabetes and dissection of aorta. CONCLUSION Mendelian randomization study revealed diabetes as a protective factor for dissection of aorta. The protective effect of type 1 diabetes on aortic dissection was partially mediated by 3-hydroxybutyrate, but type 2 diabetes was not 3-hydroxybutyrate mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Qiu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 250033, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Dong Jiang
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hui Sun
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 250033, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zeng-Qiang Liu
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Di Sun
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ting Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 250033, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Cadre Health Care, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, 250033, Jinan, Shangdong, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Mohammed OA, Saber S, Abdel-Reheim MA, Alamri MMS, Alfaifi J, Adam MIE, Alharthi MH, Eleragi AMS, Eltahir HB, Abdalla MO, Bahashwan E, Ibrahim EK, Rezigalla AA, Abdel-Ghany S, Alzokaky AA, Doghish AS, El-Husseiny HM, Alghamdi M, Youssef ME. Tracking the therapeutic efficacy of a ketone mono ester and β-hydroxybutyrate for ulcerative colitis in rats: New perspectives. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 486:116943. [PMID: 38677600 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory condition that affects the colon's lining and increases the risk of colon cancer. Despite ongoing research, there is no identified cure for UC. The recognition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the pathogenesis of UC has gained widespread acceptance. Notably, the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate inhibits NLRP3 demonstrating its anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, BD-AcAc 2 is ketone mono ester that increases β-hydroxybutyrate blood levels. It has the potential to address the constraints associated with exogenous β-hydroxybutyrate as a therapeutic agent, including issues related to stability and short duration of action. However, the effects of β-hydroxybutyrate and BD-AcAc 2 on colitis have not been fully investigated. This study found that while both exogenous β-hydroxybutyrate and BD-AcAc 2 produced the same levels of plasma β-hydroxybutyrate, BD-AcAc 2 demonstrated superior effectiveness in mitigating dextran sodium sulfate-induced UC in rats. The mechanism of action involves modulating the NF-κB signaling, inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome, regulating antioxidant capacity, controlling tight junction protein expression and a potential to inhibit apoptosis and pyroptosis. Certainly, BD-AcAc 2's anti-inflammatory effects require more than just increasing plasma β-hydroxybutyrate levels and other factors contribute to its efficacy. Local ketone concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract, as well as the combined effect of specific ketone bodies, are likely to have contributed to the stronger protective effect observed with ketone mono ester ingestion in our experiment. As a result, further investigations are necessary to fully understand the mechanisms of BD-AcAc 2 and optimize its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh Saber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt.
| | - Mustafa Ahmed Abdel-Reheim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62521, Egypt.
| | - Mohannad Mohammad S Alamri
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaber Alfaifi
- Department of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masoud I E Adam
- Department of Medical Education and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muffarah Hamid Alharthi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M S Eleragi
- Department of Microorganisms and Clinical Parasitology, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan B Eltahir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Osama Abdalla
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Emad Bahashwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Assad Ali Rezigalla
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of basic medical sciences, Ibn Sina University for Medical Sciences, Amman 16197, Jordan
| | - Amany A Alzokaky
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11754, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University, New Damietta 34518, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo 11829, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11231, Egypt.
| | - Hussein M El-Husseiny
- Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan; Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Al Qalyubia 13736, Egypt
| | - Mushabab Alghamdi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud E Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
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13
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Trimarco A, Audano M, Marca RL, Cariello M, Falco M, Pedretti S, Imperato G, Cestaro A, Podini P, Dina G, Quattrini A, Massimino L, Caruso D, Mitro N, Taveggia C. Prostaglandin D2 synthase controls Schwann cells metabolism. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.29.582775. [PMID: 38496560 PMCID: PMC10942270 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.29.582775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
We previously reported that in the absence of Prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PGDS) peripheral nerves are hypomyelinated in development and that with aging they present aberrant myelin sheaths. We now demonstrate that L-PGDS expressed in Schwann cells is part of a coordinated program aiming at preserving myelin integrity. In vivo and in vitro lipidomic, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses confirmed that myelin lipids composition, Schwann cells energetic metabolism and key enzymes controlling these processes are altered in the absence of L-PGDS. Moreover, Schwann cells undergo a metabolic rewiring and turn to acetate as the main energetic source. Further, they produce ketone bodies to ensure glial cell and neuronal survival. Importantly, we demonstrate that all these changes correlate with morphological myelin alterations and describe the first physiological pathway implicated in preserving PNS myelin. Collectively, we posit that myelin lipids serve as a reservoir to provide ketone bodies, which together with acetate represent the adaptive substrates Schwann cells can rely on to sustain the axo-glial unit and preserve the integrity of the PNS.
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14
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Moldovan D, Rusu C, Potra A, Tirinescu D, Ticala M, Kacso I. Food to Prevent Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:617. [PMID: 38474744 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a consequence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) which is of paramount importance regarding the survival of CKD patients. VC is far from being controlled with actual medication; as a result, in recent years, diet modulation has become more compelling. The concept of medical nutritional therapy points out the idea that food may prevent or treat diseases. The aim of this review was to evaluate the influence of food habits and nutritional intervention in the occurrence and progression of VC in CKD. Evidence reports the harmfulness of ultra-processed food, food additives, and animal-based proteins due to the increased intake of high absorbable phosphorus, the scarcity of fibers, and the increased production of uremic toxins. Available data are more supportive of a plant-dominant diet, especially for the impact on gut microbiota composition, which varies significantly depending on VC presence. Magnesium has been shown to prevent VC but only in experimental and small clinical studies. Vitamin K has drawn considerable attention due to its activation of VC inhibitors. There are positive studies; unfortunately, recent trials failed to prove its efficacy in preventing VC. Future research is needed and should aim to transform food into a medical intervention to eliminate VC danger in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Moldovan
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Nephrology Clinic, Emergency County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Crina Rusu
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Nephrology Clinic, Emergency County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina Potra
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Nephrology Clinic, Emergency County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dacian Tirinescu
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Nephrology Clinic, Emergency County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria Ticala
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Nephrology Clinic, Emergency County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ina Kacso
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Nephrology Clinic, Emergency County Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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15
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Chai J, Liu Z, Wu J, Kang Y, Abdelsattar MM, Zhao W, Wang S, Yang S, Deng F, Li Y, Zhuang Y, Zhang N. Dietary β-hydroxybutyric acid improves the growth performance of young ruminants based on rumen microbiota and volatile fatty acid biosynthesis. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1296116. [PMID: 38260877 PMCID: PMC10801009 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1296116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The ketone body β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) plays critical roles in cellular proliferation and metabolic fuel utilization; however, its effects on the rumen microbiota remain unknown. Methods Here, three doses of BHB (low, medium, and high) were supplemented to early-weaned goat kids. Results Compared with controls, the beneficial effects of BHB on growth and rumen development were observed in goats at 90 days of age (d). The low dose of dietary BHB increased the concentration of rumen acetate, propionate, and butyrate on d90. The sequencing results of the rumen microbiota revealed marked shifts in rumen microbial community structure after early-weaned goat kids consumed BHB for 2 months. The signature bacterial ASVs for each treatment were identified and were the main drivers contributing to microbial interactions in the rumen. The bacteria associated with rumen weight were also correlated with body weight. Some classified bacterial signatures, including Prevotella, Olsenella umbonate, and Roseburia faecis, were related to rumen volatile fatty acids and host development. Conclusion Overall, dietary BHB altered rumen microbiota and environments in young goats, which contributed to rumen development and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Chai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Division of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, NC, United States
| | - Zeyue Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Yuan Kang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Mahmoud M. Abdelsattar
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqin Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Shuli Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Feilong Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yimin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Naifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Lee HJ, Zhao Y, Fleming I, Mehta S, Wang X, Wyk BV, Ronca SE, Kang H, Chou CH, Fatou B, Smolen KK, Levy O, Clish CB, Xavier RJ, Steen H, Hafler DA, Love JC, Shalek AK, Guan L, Murray KO, Kleinstein SH, Montgomery RR. Early cellular and molecular signatures correlate with severity of West Nile virus infection. iScience 2023; 26:108387. [PMID: 38047068 PMCID: PMC10692672 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with West Nile virus (WNV) drives a wide range of responses, from asymptomatic to flu-like symptoms/fever or severe cases of encephalitis and death. To identify cellular and molecular signatures distinguishing WNV severity, we employed systems profiling of peripheral blood from asymptomatic and severely ill individuals infected with WNV. We interrogated immune responses longitudinally from acute infection through convalescence employing single-cell protein and transcriptional profiling complemented with matched serum proteomics and metabolomics as well as multi-omics analysis. At the acute time point, we detected both elevation of pro-inflammatory markers in innate immune cell types and reduction of regulatory T cell activity in participants with severe infection, whereas asymptomatic donors had higher expression of genes associated with anti-inflammatory CD16+ monocytes. Therefore, we demonstrated the potential of systems immunology using multiple cell-type and cell-state-specific analyses to identify correlates of infection severity and host cellular activity contributing to an effective anti-viral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Joon Lee
- Department of Genetics and Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yujiao Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ira Fleming
- The Institute of Medical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Sameet Mehta
- Department of Genetics and Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Brent Vander Wyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Shannon E. Ronca
- Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Heather Kang
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chih-Hung Chou
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Benoit Fatou
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kinga K. Smolen
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ofer Levy
- Department of Infectious Disease, Precision Vaccines Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ramnik J. Xavier
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hanno Steen
- Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David A. Hafler
- Departments of Neurology and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - J. Christopher Love
- The Institute of Medical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alex K. Shalek
- The Institute of Medical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Leying Guan
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kristy O. Murray
- Department of Pediatrics, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Steven H. Kleinstein
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ruth R. Montgomery
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Zhuang Y, Chai J, Abdelsattar MM, Fu Y, Zhang N. Transcriptomic and metabolomic insights into the roles of exogenous β-hydroxybutyrate acid for the development of rumen epithelium in young goats. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:10-21. [PMID: 37746660 PMCID: PMC10514413 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), as one of the main metabolic ketones in the rumen epithelium, plays critical roles in cellular growth and metabolism. The ketogenic capacity is associated with the maturation of rumen in young ruminants, and the exogenous BHBA in diet may promote the rumen development. However, the effects of exogenous BHBA on rumen remain unknown. This is the first study to investigate the mechanisms of BHBA on gene expression and metabolism of rumen epithelium using young goats as a model through multi-omics techniques. Thirty-two young goats were divided into control, low dose, middle dose, and high dose groups by supplementation of BHBA in starter (0, 3, 6, and 9 g/day, respectively). Results demonstrated the dietary of BHBA promoted the growth performance of young goats and increased width and length of the rumen papilla (P < 0.05). Hub genes in host transcriptome that were positively related to rumen characteristics and BHBA concentration were identified. Several upregulated hub genes including NDUFC1, NDUFB4, NDUFB10, NDUFA11 and NDUFA1 were enriched in the gene ontology (GO) pathway of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity, while ATP5ME, ATP5PO and ATP5PF were associated with ATP synthesis. RT-PCR revealed the expression of genes (HMGCS2, BDH1, SLC16A3, etc.) associated with lipolysis increased significantly by BHBA supplementation (P < 0.05). Metabolomics indicated that some metabolites such as glucose, palmitic acid, cortisol and capric acid were also increased (P < 0.05). This study revealed that BHBA promoted rumen development through altering NADH balance and accelerating lipid metabolism, which provides a theoretical guidance for the strategies of gastrointestinal health and development of young ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianmin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Mahmoud M. Abdelsattar
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Yuze Fu
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Naifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Gu X, Shen N, Huang C, Wang HL. Pb inhibited C2C12 myoblast differentiation by regulating HDAC2. Toxicology 2023; 499:153639. [PMID: 37797690 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Myogenesis is a crucial process governing skeletal muscle development and homeostasis. Lead (Pb) exposure impaired the development and the health of bones, which slows the growth of children. However, it is far from clear what exactly the effects of Pb on skeletal muscle development are. In this study, C2C12 cells are commonly used as an in vitro model of muscle regeneration due to their ability to transition from a proliferative phase into differentiated myofibers. The dose of 1, 5, and 10 μM Pb were adopted to study the toxicity of Pb on C2C12 proliferation and differentiation. First, the effects of Pb on cell viability were detected and the results demonstrated that 5 μM and 10 μM Pb exposure decreased cell viability, while 1 μM Pb exposure has no obvious effects on cell viability. Then, 1-10 μM Pb exposure seriously reduced the C2C12 myoblasts differentiation, with the decrease of myogenic differentiation marker genes expression, including Muscle creatine kinase (MCK), Myosin Heavy Chain 4 (MYH4), Myogenin (MYOG), Myogenic Differentiation (MYOD). What's more, it was found that the epigenetic modifier histone deacetylase-2 (HDAC2) was upregulated after Pb exposure on C2C12 myoblasts. Further studies conclusively showed knockdown of HDAC2 ameliorated Pb-damaged C2C12 myoblasts differentiation, indicating HDAC2 plays a vital role in the Pb-induced C2C12 myoblasts differentiation deficits. In summary, these results demonstrated that Pb exposure inhibited C2C12 myoblasts differentiation by regulating HDAC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Gu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 of Tunxi Road, Baohe District, 230009 Hefei, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 of Tunxi Road, Baohe District, 230009 Hefei, China
| | - Chengqing Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 of Tunxi Road, Baohe District, 230009 Hefei, China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, No. 193 of Tunxi Road, Baohe District, 230009 Hefei, China.
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19
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Udumula MP, Singh H, Rashid F, Poisson L, Tiwari N, Dimitrova I, Hijaz M, Gogoi R, Swenor M, Munkarah A, Giri S, Rattan R. Intermittent fasting induced ketogenesis inhibits mouse epithelial ovarian cancer by promoting antitumor T cell response. iScience 2023; 26:107839. [PMID: 37822507 PMCID: PMC10562806 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In various cancer models, dietary interventions have been shown to inhibit tumor growth, improve anticancer drug efficacy, and enhance immunity, but no such evidence exists for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), the most lethal gynecologic cancer. The anticancer immune responses induced by 16-h intermittent fasting (IF) were studied in mice with EOC. IF consistently reduced metabolic growth factors and cytokines that stimulate tumor growth, creating a tumor-hostile environment. Immune profiling showed that IF dramatically alters anti-cancer immunity by increasing CD4+ and CD8+ cells, Th1 and cytotoxic responses, and metabolic fitness. β-hydroxy butyrate (BHB), a bioactive metabolite produced by IF, partially imitates its anticancer effects by inducing CD8+ effector function. In a direct comparison, IF outperformed exogenous BHB treatment in survival and anti-tumor immune response, probably due to increased ketogenesis. Thus, IF and one of its metabolic mediators BHB suppress EOC growth and sustain a potent anti-tumor T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Priyanka Udumula
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Harshit Singh
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Faraz Rashid
- Metabolomics Core, Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Laila Poisson
- Department of Public Health Services and Center for Bioinformatics and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Nivedita Tiwari
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Irina Dimitrova
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Miriana Hijaz
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Radhika Gogoi
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Margaret Swenor
- Department of Lifestyle and Functional Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Adnan Munkarah
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Shailendra Giri
- Metabolomics Core, Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Ramandeep Rattan
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Ob/Gyn, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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20
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Alkhorayef N, Almutery FT, Rasheed Z, Althwab SA, Aljohani AS, Alhawday YA, Salem T, Alharbi AM, Wahaq AA, Alharbi FS, Alghanem AS, Al Abdulmonem W. Regulatory effects of ketogenic diet on the inflammatory response in obese Saudi women. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2023; 18:1101-1107. [PMID: 37009396 PMCID: PMC10050637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In recent years, the use of a ketogenic diet (KD) against obesity has gained popularity in KSA. This study was designed to determine the impact of KD on anthropometric indices and on the abnormal regulation of inflammatory activities in obese Saudi women. Moreover, we investigated the potential of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) supplementation on the inhibition of pro-inflammatory activities. Methods We enrolled 31 Saudi women (aged, 35.3 ± 8.4 years) with an average BMI of 33.96 ± 4.44 kg/m2 underwent an 8-week KD (8KD) from January to March 2021. Changes in anthropometric measurements were collected at baseline and after 4-8 weeks of intervention. Compliance with the dietary regimen was monitored weekly by plasma BHB level. Results Twenty-nine females commenced the diets and 23 completed the study (a 79% completion rate). In comparison to pre-intervention, the 8KD resulted in a significant increase in the levels of plasma BHB (P < 0.001) throughout the duration of the trial. This was accompanied by a significant reduction in weight loss (7.7 kg ± 11.3; P < 0.001), BMI, waist circumference (P < 0.001), and levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β (P < 0.001). Conclusions An 8-week KD was found to be useful in producing a positive impact on anthropometric indices, biochemical and inflammatory processes. This study indicated that the intake of a KD by obese Saudi women induced the release of BHB in the blood without stimulation of an overall starvation response. This may be useful to alleviate the severity of chronic inflammatory disorders associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Alkhorayef
- Laboratory Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Quway'iyah, Shaqra University, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Fatimah T. Almutery
- General Directorate of Health Affairs, Qassim Region, Public Health Department, KSA
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, KSA
| | - Sami A. Althwab
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, KSA
| | - Abdullah S.M. Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, KSA
| | | | - Tarek Salem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, KSA
| | - Abdulaziz M. Alharbi
- Department of Public Health, Directorate of Health Affairs in Al-Qassim, Buraidah, KSA
| | - Abdulrahman A.A.B. Wahaq
- Riyadh Second Health Cluster, Department of Public Health, Al-Kahleej 1 Primary Healthcare Centre, Riyadh, KSA
| | | | | | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, KSA
- Corresponding address: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, KSA.
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21
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Nakamura K, Hagihara K, Nagai N, Egashira R, Takeuchi M, Nakano M, Saito H, Moriguchi M, Tonari S, Fujii H, Miyake A, Omae Y, Ashida K. Ketogenic effects of medium chain triglycerides containing formula and its correlation to breath acetone in healthy volunteers: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, single dose-response study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1224740. [PMID: 37829730 PMCID: PMC10566634 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1224740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of low-carbohydrate, high-fat diets, such as ketogenic diets, for cancer patients is of research interest. We previously demonstrated the efficacy of the ketogenic diet in a case study in which medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) or MCT-containing formula (ketogenic formula) was used as a supplement to increase blood ketone bodies. However, little is known about the amounts needed to induce ketogenic effects and about the usefulness of monitoring of breath acetone. To investigate the pharmacokinetics of MCTs and their metabolites, blood ketone bodies and breath acetone, 24 healthy subjects received one of four single oral doses of the ketogenic formula (equivalent to 0, 10, 20, and 30 g of MCTs) under fasting conditions. Total blood ketone bodies, β-hydroxybutyrate, octanoic acid, and decanoic acid were increased in a dose-dependent manner. The ketogenic effect was considered to depend on octanoic and decanoic acids, because a positive correlation was observed between them. A strong positive correlation was also observed between total serum ketone bodies and breath acetone at each time points. Therefore, monitoring breath acetone levels seems a less invasive method to predict blood concentrations of ketone bodies during ketogenic diet therapy. Clinical trial registration:https://rctportal.niph.go.jp/en/detail?trial_id=UMIN000032634, UMIN-CTR UMIN000032634.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keisuke Hagihara
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoko Nagai
- Division of Nutritional Management, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Egashira
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mariko Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mai Nakano
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hitomi Saito
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Misaki Moriguchi
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoko Tonari
- Department of Advanced Hybrid Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisako Fujii
- Department of Drug and Food Evaluation, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Miyake
- Department of Medical Innovation, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Omae
- Co-Creation Center, Meiji Holdings Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kinya Ashida
- Co-Creation Center, Meiji Holdings Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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22
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Zhou Z, Kim K, Ramsey JJ, Rutkowsky JM. Ketogenic diets initiated in late mid-life improved measures of spatial memory in male mice. GeroScience 2023; 45:2481-2494. [PMID: 36933143 PMCID: PMC10651563 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00769-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown ketogenic diets (KD) started from early middle-age improved health span and longevity in mice. KDs started later in life or administered intermittently may be more feasible and promote compliance. Therefore, this study sought to test if continuous or intermittent KDs started in late-middle-aged mice would improve cognition and motor function at advanced age. Eighteen-month-old male C57BL/6JN mice were assigned to an isocaloric control (CD), KD, or intermittent ketogenic (IKD, 3-day KD/week) diet. A panel of behavior tests were performed to assess cognitive and motor functions with aging. Y-maze alternation rate was higher for both IKD and KD mice at 23 months of age and for KD mice at 26 months indicating an improved spatial working memory. Twenty-six-month-old KD mice also showed better spatial learning memory in Barnes maze when compared to the CD. Improved grid wire hang performance was observed in aged IKD and KD versus CD mice indicating better muscle endurance under isometric contraction. A reduced level of circulating proinflammatory cytokines in aged KD (IL-6 and TNF-α) and IKD (IL-6) mice may contribute to the phenotypic improvements observed with these interventions. This study demonstrates that when initiated at late-middle age, the KD improved measures of spatial memory and grid wire hang performance in aged male mice, with IKD showing results intermediate to the CD and KD groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jon J Ramsey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Jennifer M Rutkowsky
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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23
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Becker F, Behrends MM, Rudolph KL. Evolution, mechanism and limits of dietary restriction induced health benefits & longevity. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102725. [PMID: 37257276 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is the most powerful intervention to enhance health and lifespan across species. However, recent findings indicate that DR started in late life has limited capacity to induce health benefits. Age-dependent changes that impair DR at old age remain to be delineated. This requires a better mechanistic understanding of the different aspects that constitute DR, how they act independently and in concert. Current research efforts aim to tackle these questions: Are fasting periods needed for the induction of DR's health benefits? Does the improvement of cellular and organismal functions depend on the reduction of specific dietary components like proteins or even micronutrients and/or vitamins? How is the aging process intervening with DR-mediated responses? Understanding the evolutionary benefits of nutrient stress responses in driving molecular and cellular adaptation in response to nutrient deprivation is likely providing answers to some of these questions. Cellular memory of early life may lead to post-reproductive distortions of gene regulatory networks and metabolic pathways that inhibit DR-induced stress responses and health benefits when the intervention is started at old age. Inhere we discuss new insights into mechanisms of DR-mediated health benefits and how evolutionary selection for fitness in early life may limit DR-mediated improvements at old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friedrich Becker
- Research Group on Stem Cell and Metabolism Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), 07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - Marthe M Behrends
- Research Group on Stem Cell and Metabolism Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), 07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - K Lenhard Rudolph
- Research Group on Stem Cell and Metabolism Aging, Leibniz Institute on Aging - Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), 07745, Jena, Germany.
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24
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Bai L, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Ma J. The Role of a Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Dementia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081971. [PMID: 37111190 PMCID: PMC10142932 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) shares a common molecular mechanism and underlying pathology with dementia, and studies indicate that dementia is widespread in people with T2DM. Currently, T2DM-induced cognitive impairment is characterized by altered insulin and cerebral glucose metabolism, leading to a shorter life span. Increasing evidence indicates that nutritional and metabolic treatments can possibly alleviate these issues, as there is a lack of efficient preventative and treatment methods. The ketogenic diet (KD) is a very high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that induces ketosis in the body by producing a fasting-like effect, and neurons in the aged brain are protected from damage by ketone bodies. Moreover, the creation of ketone bodies may improve brain neuronal function, decrease inflammatory expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and restore neuronal metabolism. As a result, the KD has drawn attention as a potential treatment for neurological diseases, such as T2DM-induced dementia. This review aims to examine the role of the KD in the prevention of dementia risk in T2DM patients and to outline specific aspects of the neuroprotective effects of the KD, providing a rationale for the implementation of dietary interventions as a therapeutic strategy for T2DM-induced dementia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Core Facility of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Xindu District People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, NHFPC, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Core Facility of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junpeng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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25
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Bogataj Jontez N, Kenig S, Šik Novak K, Petelin A, Jenko Pražnikar Z, Mohorko N. Habitual low carbohydrate high fat diet compared with omnivorous, vegan, and vegetarian diets. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1106153. [PMID: 37125046 PMCID: PMC10133707 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1106153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary patterns which exclude whole food groups, such as vegetarian, vegan and low carbohydrate high fat diet (LCHF), are increasingly popular in general public. When carefully planned, all these diets have some known benefits for health, but concerns are also raised in particular for LCHF. The quality of LCHF diet which individuals follow in real life without supervision is not known. Methods One hundred thirty healthy individuals with stable body mass following LCHF, vegan, vegetarian and omnivorous diet for at least six months, were compared in a cross-sectional study. Diet was analyzed through 3-day food records and FFQ, anthropometric measurements were performed and serum metabolic biomarkers determined from fasting blood. Results Participants on LCHF diet had the intakes of micronutrients comparable to other groups, while the intakes of macronutrients differed in line with the definition of each diet. The intakes of saturated fats, cholesterol and animal proteins were significantly higher and the intakes of sugars and dietary fibers were lower compared to other groups. Healthy eating index 2015 in this group was the lowest. There were no differences in the levels of glucose, triacylglycerols and CRP among groups. Total and LDL cholesterol levels were significantly higher in LCHF group, in particular in participants with higher ketogenic ratio. Fatty acids intakes and intakes of cholesterol, dietary fibers and animal proteins explained 40% of variance in total cholesterol level, with saturated fatty acids being the strongest positive predictor and monounsaturated fatty acids a negative predictor. Conclusion None of the self-advised diets provided all the necessary nutrients in optimal levels. Due to the detected increased levels of serum cholesterols, selection of healthy fat sources, higher intake of dietary fibers and partial replacing of animal sources with plant sources of foods should be recommended to the individuals selecting LCFH dietary pattern.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT04347213.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nina Mohorko
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
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26
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Taoulost S, Rasgon N, Ferretti CJ, Hollander E. The role of ketogenic therapy in developmental disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 161:307-309. [PMID: 36989905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samia Taoulost
- Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Natalie Rasgon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Casara Jean Ferretti
- Psychiatric Research Institute of Montefiore Einstein (PRIME), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Eric Hollander
- Psychiatric Research Institute of Montefiore Einstein (PRIME), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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27
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Xia G, Wen Z, Zhang L, Huang J, Wang X, Liang C, Cui X, Cao X, Wu S. β-Hydroxybutyrate alleviates cartilage senescence through hnRNP A1-mediated up-regulation of PTEN. Exp Gerontol 2023; 175:112140. [PMID: 36921676 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Senescence chondrocytes play an important role in Osteoarthritis (OA) progression. However, alleviating OA progression through senescent chondrocyte intervention still faces great challenges. β-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB) exhibits anti-senescence effects in a variety of age-related dis-eases, but its role in osteoarthritis remains poorly understood. To explore the molecular mechanisms, gene sequencing was used to identify critical genes and potential cellular signaling pathways and male SD rats were used to generate an osteoarthritis model. Results showed that BHB attenuated the senescence of Osteoarthritis chondrocytes (OA-Chos) and alleviated OA progression. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed significant changes in cell cycle genes, with PTEN being the most significant differentially expressed gene. BHB up-regulated the expression of PTEN in OA-Chos, thereby alleviating chondrocyte senescence. Furthermore, BHB facilitated the expression of PTEN by binding to hnRNP A1 and inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt. This study provided evidence that BHB mitigated chondrocyte senescence and delayed OA, and could thus be used as a novel therapeutic approach for osteoarthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Zi Wen
- Department of Orthopaedics of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Junjie Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Xinxing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Chi Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics of the 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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28
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Udumula MP, Singh H, Faraz R, Poisson L, Tiwari N, Dimitrova I, Hijaz M, Gogoi R, Swenor M, Munkarah A, Giri S, Rattan R. Intermittent Fasting induced ketogenesis inhibits mouse epithelial ovarian tumors by promoting anti-tumor T cell response. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.08.531740. [PMID: 36945428 PMCID: PMC10028914 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.08.531740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer with limited genetic alterations identified that can be therapeutically targeted. In tumor bearing mice, short-term fasting, fasting mimicking diet and calorie restriction enhance the activity of antineoplastic treatment by modulating systemic metabolism and boosting anti-tumor immunity. We tested the outcome of sixteen-hour intermittent fasting (IF) on mouse EOC progression with focus on fasting driven antitumor immune responses. IF resulted in consistent decrease of tumor promoting metabolic growth factors and cytokines, recapitulating changes that creates a tumor antagonizing environment. Immune profiling revealed that IF profoundly reshapes anti-cancer immunity by inducing increase in CD4+ and CD8+ cells, paralleled by enhanced antitumor Th1 and cytotoxic responses, by enhancing their metabolic fitness. Metabolic studies revealed that IF generated bioactive metabolite BHB which can be a potential substitute for simulating the antitumor benefits of IF. However, in a direct comparison, IF surpassed exogenous BHB therapy in improving survival and activating anti-tumor immune response. Thus, our data provides strong evidence for IF and its metabolic mediator BHB for ameliorating EOC progression and as a viable approach in maintaining and sustaining an effective anti-tumor T cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Priyanka Udumula
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
| | - Harshit Singh
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
| | - Rashid Faraz
- Metabolomics Core, Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Laila Poisson
- Department of Public Health Services and Center for Bioinformatics and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
| | - Nivedita Tiwari
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
| | - Irina Dimitrova
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
| | - Miriana Hijaz
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
| | - Radhika Gogoi
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Margaret Swenor
- Department of Lifestyle and Functional Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
| | - Adnan Munkarah
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
| | - Shailendra Giri
- Metabolomics Core, Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Ramandeep Rattan
- Department of Women’s Health Services, Henry Ford Hospital and Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
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29
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Zhang J, Chen B, Zou K. Effect of ketogenic diet on exercise tolerance and transcriptome of gastrocnemius in mice. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220570. [PMID: 36852401 PMCID: PMC9961969 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketogenic diet (KD) has been proven to be an optional avenue in weight control. However, the impacts of KD on muscle strength and exercise endurance remain unclear. In this study, mice were randomly allocated to normal diet and KD groups to assess their exercise tolerance and transcriptomic changes of the gastrocnemius. KD suppressed body-weight and glucose levels and augmented blood ketone levels of mice. The total cholesterol, free fatty acids, and β-hydroxybutyric acid levels were higher and triglycerides and aspartate aminotransferase levels were lower in KD group. There was no notable difference in running distance/time and weight-bearing swimming time between the two groups. Furthermore, KD alleviated the protein levels of PGC-1α, p62, TnI FS, p-AMPKα, and p-Smad3, while advancing the LC3 II and TnI SS protein levels in the gastrocnemius tissues. RNA-sequencing found that 387 differentially expressed genes were filtered, and Cpt1b, Acadl, Eci2, Mlycd, Pdk4, Ptprc, C1qa, Emr1, Fcgr3, and Ctss were considered to be the hub genes. Our findings suggest that KD effectively reduced body weight but did not affect skeletal muscle strength and exercise endurance via AMPK/PGC-1α, Smad3, and p62/LC3 signaling pathways and these hub genes could be potential targets for muscle function in KD-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Department of Police Physical Training, Zhejiang Police Collage, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Physical Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North Third Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ke Zou
- School of Physical Education, Huaibei Normal University, Anhui, China
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30
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Santos AL, Sinha S. Ageing, Metabolic Dysfunction, and the Therapeutic Role of Antioxidants. Subcell Biochem 2023; 103:341-435. [PMID: 37120475 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
The gradual ageing of the world population has been accompanied by a dramatic increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases, especially type 2 diabetes. The adipose tissue dysfunction associated with ageing and obesity shares many common physiological features, including increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity may help elucidate the processes that contribute to the metabolic disturbances that occur with ageing. This, in turn, may help identify therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity and age-related metabolic disorders. Because oxidative stress plays a critical role in these pathological processes, antioxidant dietary interventions could be of therapeutic value for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related diseases and obesity and their complications. In this chapter, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which obesity predisposes individuals to accelerated ageing. Additionally, we critically review the potential of antioxidant dietary interventions to counteract obesity and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Santos
- IdISBA - Fundación de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares, Palma, Spain.
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31
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Zhang Y, Liu K, Li Y, Ma Y, Wang Y, Fan Z, Li Y, Qi J. D-beta-hydroxybutyrate protects against microglial activation in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice and BV-2 cells. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 38:1115-1126. [PMID: 36543978 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microglial activation is a key event in neuroinflammation, which, in turn, is a central process in neurological disorders. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of D-beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) against microglial activation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice and BV-2 cells. The effects of BHB in mice were assessed using behavioral testing, morphological analysis and immunofluorescence labeling for the microglial marker ionizing calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA-1) and the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the hippocampus. Moreover, we examined the levels of the inflammatory IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as well as those of the neuroprotective brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the brain. In addition, we examined the effects of BHB on IL-6, TNF-α, BDNF, TGF-β, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and cell viability in LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. BHB treatments attenuated behavioral abnormalities, reduced the number of IBA-1-positive cells and the intensity of IL-6 fluorescence in the hippocampus, with amelioration of microglia morphological changes in the LPS-treated mice. Furthermore, BHB inhibited IL-6 and TNF-α generation, but promoted BDNF and TGF-β production in the brain of LPS-treated mice. In vitro, BHB inhibited IL-6 and TNF-α generation, increased BDNF and TGF-β production, reduced ROS level, ameliorated morphological changes and elevated cell viability of LPS-stimulated BV-2 cells. Together, our findings suggest that BHB exerts protective effects against microglial activation in vitro and in vivo, thereby reducing neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Fan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanning Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hebei Key Lab of Laboratory Animal Science, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinsheng Qi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 East Zhongshan Road, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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32
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Sun W, Wen M, Liu M, Wang Q, Liu Q, Li L, Siebert HC, Loers G, Zhang R, Zhang N. Effect of β-hydroxybutyrate on behavioral alterations, molecular and morphological changes in CNS of multiple sclerosis mouse model. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1075161. [PMID: 36533180 PMCID: PMC9752847 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1075161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and degenerative disease of central nervous system (CNS). Aging is the most significant risk factor for the progression of MS. Dietary modulation (such as ketogenic diet) and caloric restriction, can increase ketone bodies, especially β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). Increased BHB has been reported to prevent or improve age-related disease. The present studies were performed to understand the therapeutic effect and potential mechanisms of exogenous BHB in cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelinating model. In this study, a continuous 35 days CPZ mouse model with or without BHB was established. The changes of behavior function, pathological hallmarks of CPZ, and intracellular signal pathways in mice were detected by Open feld test, Morris water maze, RT-PCR, immuno-histochemistry, and western blot. The results showed that BHB treatment improved behavioral performance, prevented myelin loss, decreased the activation of astrocyte as well as microglia, and up-regulated the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor in both the corpus callosum and hippocampus. Meanwhile, BHB treatment increased the number of MCT1+ cells and APC+ oligodendrocytes. Furthermore, the treatment decreased the expression of HDAC3, PARP1, AIF and TRPA1 which is related to oligodendrocyte (OL) apoptosis in the corpus callosum, accompanied by increased expression of TrkB. This leads to an increased density of doublecortin (DCX)+ neuronal precursor cells and mature NeuN+ neuronal cells in the hippocampus. As a result, BHB treatment effectively promotes the generation of PDGF-Ra+ (oligodendrocyte precursor cells, OPCs), Sox2+ cells and GFAP+ (astrocytes), and decreased the production of GFAP+ TRAP1+ cells, and Oligo2+ TRAP1+ cells in the corpus callosum of mouse brain. Thus, our results demonstrate that BHB treatment efficiently supports OPC differentiation and decreases the OLs apoptosis in CPZ-intoxicated mice, partly by down-regulating the expression of TRPA1 and PARP, which is associated with the inhibition of the p38-MAPK/JNK/JUN pathway and the activation of ERK1/2, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, supporting BHB treatment adjunctive nutritional therapy for the treatment of chronic demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Min Wen
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Min Liu
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Qingpeng Wang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Quiqin Liu
- Shandong Donkey Industry, Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Lanjie Li
- Shandong Donkey Industry, Technology Collaborative Innovation Center, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Hans-Christian Siebert
- Schauenburgerstr, RI-B-NT - Research Institute of Bioinformatics and Nanotechnology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gabriele Loers
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ruiyan Zhang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
- Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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33
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Dolan LC, Karikachery AR, Thipe VC, Arceneaux BG, Katti KK, Katti KV, Chesne AM. Toxicity Investigations of (R)-3-Hydroxybutyrate Glycerides In Vitro and in Male and Female Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204426. [PMID: 36297110 PMCID: PMC9610502 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
TCN006, a formulation of (R)-3-Hydroxybutyrate glycerides, is a promising ingredient for enhancing ketone intake of humans. Ketones have been shown to have beneficial effects on human health. To be used by humans, TCN006 must be determined safe in appropriately designed safety studies. The results of a bacterial reverse mutation assay, an in vitro mammalian micronucleus study, and 14-and 90-day repeat dose toxicity studies in rats are reported herein. In the 14- and 90-day studies, male and female Wistar rats had free access to drinking water containing 0, 75,000, 125,000 or 200,000 ppm TCN006 for 92 and 93 days, respectively. TCN006 tested negative for genotoxicity and the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for toxicity in the 14- and 90-day studies was 200,000 ppm, the highest dose administered. In the longer term study, the mean overall daily intake of TCN006 in the 200,000 ppm groups was 14,027.9 mg/kg bw/day for males and 20,507.0 mg/kg bw/day for females. At this concentration, palatability of water was likely affected, which led to a decrease in water consumption in both males and females compared to respective controls. This had no effect on the health of the animals. Although the rats were administered very high levels of (R)-3-Hydroxybutyrate glycerides, there were no signs of ketoacidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie C. Dolan
- GRAS Associates, LLC., 11810 Grand Park Avenue, Suite 500, North Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Alice Raphael Karikachery
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Velaphi C. Thipe
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Benjamin G. Arceneaux
- GRAS Associates, LLC., 11810 Grand Park Avenue, Suite 500, North Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Kavita K. Katti
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Kattesh V. Katti
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Alton M. Chesne
- Tecton Group, LLC., 370 River Rd., Alexandria, LA 71302, USA
- Correspondence:
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34
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The Paradoxical Role of Circulating Ketone Bodies in Glycemic Control of Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: High Risk, High Reward? Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091318. [PMID: 36139157 PMCID: PMC9496560 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Fasting plasma ketone bodies (KB) are elevated in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and could affect glycemic control and disease progression. Prolonged KB exposure may result in adaptive beneficial responses, counteracting glycemic dysregulation. In the current proof-of-concept study in adults with T2D, we hypothesized that fasting plasma KB are cross-sectionally associated with poorer glycemic control but prospectively with better glycemic control. Materials and Methods: Fasting plasma KB were measured via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with T2D treated in primary care (Zodiac cohort; The Netherlands). We analyzed the associations between KB and HbA1c at baseline using linear regression analyses and HbA1c changes over time using linear mixed models. We adjusted for potential confounders, including risk factors for poor glycemic control. Individuals with T2D participating in the general population-based PREVEND study were used as a replication cohort. Results: We included 271 individuals with T2D with a total of 859 HbA1c measurements during a follow-up period of 3.0 (2.0–3.2) years. At baseline, the total amount of fasting plasma KB was independently and positively associated with HbA1c levels (regression coefficient in the fully adjusted analysis = 0.31; 95% CI 0.06–0.57, per doubling of KB; p = 0.02). In contrast, in the longitudinal analyses, fasting plasma KB were associated with a yearly HbA1c (%) decrease of −0.10 (95% CI −0.19 to −0.00 per doubling baseline KB; p = 0.05). Results were replicated in 387 individuals with T2D from a general population cohort with a total of 1115 glucose measurements during a follow-up period of 7.5 (7.2–8.0) years. A yearly decrease in fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) of 0.09 was found per doubling of baseline KB. Conclusions: This study is the first to suggest a paradoxical role of circulating KB on glycemic control in T2D: elevated KB are associated with cross-sectionally poorer glycemic control but longitudinally with better long-term glycemic control.
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35
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Yan LJ. The Nicotinamide/Streptozotocin Rodent Model of Type 2 Diabetes: Renal Pathophysiology and Redox Imbalance Features. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091225. [PMID: 36139064 PMCID: PMC9496087 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. While there has been a great advance in our understanding of the pathogenesis of DN, no effective managements of this chronic kidney disease are currently available. Therefore, continuing to elucidate the underlying biochemical and molecular mechanisms of DN remains a constant need. In this regard, animal models of diabetes are indispensable tools. This review article highlights a widely used rodent model of non-obese type 2 diabetes induced by nicotinamide (NA) and streptozotocin (STZ). The mechanism underlying diabetes induction by combining the two chemicals involves blunting the toxic effect of STZ by NA so that only a percentage of β cells are destroyed and the remaining viable β cells can still respond to glucose stimulation. This NA-STZ animal model, as a platform for the testing of numerous antidiabetic and renoprotective materials, is also discussed. In comparison with other type 2 diabetic animal models, such as high-fat-diet/STZ models and genetically engineered rodent models, the NA-STZ model is non-obese and is less time-consuming and less expensive to create. Given that this unique model mimics certain pathological features of human DN, this model should continue to find its applications in the field of diabetes research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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36
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Epigenome Modulation Induced by Ketogenic Diets. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153245. [PMID: 35956421 PMCID: PMC9370515 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketogenic diets (KD) are dietary strategies low in carbohydrates, normal in protein, and high, normal, or reduced in fat with or without (Very Low-Calories Ketogenic Diet, VLCKD) a reduced caloric intake. KDs have been shown to be useful in the treatment of obesity, metabolic diseases and related disorders, neurological diseases, and various pathological conditions such as cancer, nonalcoholic liver disease, and chronic pain. Several studies have investigated the intracellular metabolic pathways that contribute to the beneficial effects of these diets. Although epigenetic changes are among the most important determinants of an organism’s ability to adapt to environmental changes, data on the epigenetic changes associated with these dietary pathways are still limited. This review provides an overview of the major epigenetic changes associated with KDs.
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37
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Kananen L, Hurme M, Bürkle A, Moreno-Villanueva M, Bernhardt J, Debacq-Chainiaux F, Grubeck-Loebenstein B, Malavolta M, Basso A, Piacenza F, Collino S, Gonos ES, Sikora E, Gradinaru D, Jansen EHJM, Dollé MET, Salmon M, Stuetz W, Weber D, Grune T, Breusing N, Simm A, Capri M, Franceschi C, Slagboom E, Talbot D, Libert C, Raitanen J, Koskinen S, Härkänen T, Stenholm S, Ala-Korpela M, Lehtimäki T, Raitakari OT, Ukkola O, Kähönen M, Jylhä M, Jylhävä J. Circulating cell-free DNA in health and disease - the relationship to health behaviours, ageing phenotypes and metabolomics. GeroScience 2022; 45:85-103. [PMID: 35864375 PMCID: PMC9886738 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00590-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) has emerged as a promising biomarker of ageing, tissue damage and cellular stress. However, less is known about health behaviours, ageing phenotypes and metabolic processes that lead to elevated cf-DNA levels. We sought to analyse the relationship of circulating cf-DNA level to age, sex, smoking, physical activity, vegetable consumption, ageing phenotypes (physical functioning, the number of diseases, frailty) and an extensive panel of biomarkers including blood and urine metabolites and inflammatory markers in three human cohorts (N = 5385; 17-82 years). The relationships were assessed using correlation statistics, and linear and penalised regressions (the Lasso), also stratified by sex.cf-DNA levels were significantly higher in men than in women, and especially in middle-aged men and women who smoke, and in older more frail individuals. Correlation statistics of biomarker data showed that cf-DNA level was higher with elevated inflammation (C-reactive protein, interleukin-6), and higher levels of homocysteine, and proportion of red blood cells and lower levels of ascorbic acid. Inflammation (C-reactive protein, glycoprotein acetylation), amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine), and ketogenesis (3-hydroxybutyrate) were included in the cf-DNA level-related biomarker profiles in at least two of the cohorts.In conclusion, circulating cf-DNA level is different by sex, and related to health behaviour, health decline and metabolic processes common in health and disease. These results can inform future studies where epidemiological and biological pathways of cf-DNA are to be analysed in details, and for studies evaluating cf-DNA as a potential clinical marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kananen
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland. .,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Mikko Hurme
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maria Moreno-Villanueva
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Florence Debacq-Chainiaux
- grid.6520.10000 0001 2242 8479URBC-Narilis, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein
- grid.5771.40000 0001 2151 8122Research Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, Rennweg, 10, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marco Malavolta
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Basso
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piacenza
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research, Scientific Technological Area, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Collino
- grid.5333.60000000121839049Nestlé Research, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, EPFL Innovation Park, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Efstathios S. Gonos
- grid.22459.380000 0001 2232 6894Institute of Biology, Medicinal Chemistry and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Ewa Sikora
- grid.419305.a0000 0001 1943 2944Laboratory of the Molecular Bases of Ageing, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniela Gradinaru
- grid.8194.40000 0000 9828 7548Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugene H. J. M. Jansen
- grid.31147.300000 0001 2208 0118National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Health Protection, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn E. T. Dollé
- grid.31147.300000 0001 2208 0118National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Centre for Health Protection, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Salmon
- grid.425994.7Straticell, Science Park Crealys, Rue Jean Sonet 10, 5032 Les Isnes, Belgium
| | - Wolfgang Stuetz
- grid.9464.f0000 0001 2290 1502Institute of Nutritional Sciences (140), University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Daniela Weber
- grid.418213.d0000 0004 0390 0098Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- grid.418213.d0000 0004 0390 0098Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany ,grid.10420.370000 0001 2286 1424Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria ,grid.9464.f0000 0001 2290 1502Institute of Nutritional Medicine (180), University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nicolle Breusing
- grid.9464.f0000 0001 2290 1502Institute of Nutritional Medicine (180), University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas Simm
- grid.461820.90000 0004 0390 1701Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Halle, Ernst-Grube Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Miriam Capri
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758DIMES- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine,
Interdepartmental Center “Alma Mater Research Institute On Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)”,
Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- grid.6292.f0000 0004 1757 1758DIMES- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine,
Interdepartmental Center “Alma Mater Research Institute On Global Challenges and Climate Change (Alma Climate)”,
Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eline Slagboom
- grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Duncan Talbot
- Unilever Science and Technology, Beauty and Personal Care, Sharnbrook, UK
| | - Claude Libert
- grid.11486.3a0000000104788040Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium ,grid.5342.00000 0001 2069 7798Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jani Raitanen
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- grid.14758.3f0000 0001 1013 0499National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Härkänen
- grid.14758.3f0000 0001 1013 0499National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Department of Public Health, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland ,grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland ,grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland ,grid.9668.10000 0001 0726 2490NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.511163.10000 0004 0518 4910Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland ,grid.1374.10000 0001 2097 1371Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland ,grid.410552.70000 0004 0628 215XDepartment of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Olavi Ukkola
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Kähönen
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland ,grid.412330.70000 0004 0628 2985Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marja Jylhä
- grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juulia Jylhävä
- grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ,grid.502801.e0000 0001 2314 6254Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), and Gerontology Research Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Andersen JV, Schousboe A, Verkhratsky A. Astrocyte energy and neurotransmitter metabolism in Alzheimer's disease: integration of the glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 217:102331. [PMID: 35872221 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes contribute to the complex cellular pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neurons and astrocytes function in close collaboration through neurotransmitter recycling, collectively known as the glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle, which is essential to sustain neurotransmission. Neurotransmitter recycling is intimately linked to astrocyte energy metabolism. In the course of AD, astrocytes undergo extensive metabolic remodeling, which may profoundly affect the glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle. The consequences of altered astrocyte function and metabolism in relation to neurotransmitter recycling are yet to be comprehended. Metabolic alterations of astrocytes in AD deprive neurons of metabolic support, thereby contributing to synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration. In addition, several astrocyte-specific components of the glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle, including glutamine synthesis and synaptic neurotransmitter uptake, are perturbed in AD. Integration of the complex astrocyte biology within the context of AD is essential for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of the disease, while restoring astrocyte metabolism may serve as an approach to arrest or even revert clinical progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens V Andersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Arne Schousboe
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, 48011 Bilbao, Spain; Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-01102 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Wei S, Binbin L, Yuan W, Zhong Z, Donghai L, Caihua H. β-Hydroxybutyrate in Cardiovascular Diseases : A Minor Metabolite of Great Expectations. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:823602. [PMID: 35769904 PMCID: PMC9234267 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.823602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in therapies, cardiovascular diseases ( CVDs ) are still the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Previous studies have shown that metabolic perturbations in cardiac energy metabolism are closely associated with the progression of CVDs. As expected, metabolic interventions can be applied to alleviate metabolic impairments and, therefore, can be used to develop therapeutic strategies for CVDs. β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) was once known to be a harmful and toxic metabolite leading to ketoacidosis in diabetes. However, the minor metabolite is increasingly recognized as a multifunctional molecular marker in CVDs. Although the protective role of β-HB in cardiovascular disease is controversial, increasing evidence from experimental and clinical research has shown that β-HB can be a “super fuel” and a signaling metabolite with beneficial effects on vascular and cardiac dysfunction. The tremendous potential of β-HB in the treatment of CVDs has attracted many interests of researchers. This study reviews the research progress of β-HB in CVDs and aims to provide a theoretical basis for exploiting the potential of β-HB in cardiovascular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Wei
- Research and Communication Center of Exercise and Health, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Liu Binbin
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wu Yuan
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhang Zhong
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Donghai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Huang Caihua, ; Lin Donghai,
| | - Huang Caihua
- Research and Communication Center of Exercise and Health, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Huang Caihua, ; Lin Donghai,
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40
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Zuo Q, Park NH, Lee JK, Madak Erdogan Z. Liver Metastatic Breast Cancer: Epidemiology, Dietary Interventions, and Related Metabolism. Nutrients 2022; 14:2376. [PMID: 35745105 PMCID: PMC9228756 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The median overall survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer is only 2-3 years, and for patients with untreated liver metastasis, it is as short as 4-8 months. Improving the survival of women with breast cancer requires more effective anti-cancer strategies, especially for metastatic disease. Nutrients can influence tumor microenvironments, and cancer metabolism can be manipulated via a dietary modification to enhance anti-cancer strategies. Yet, there are no standard evidence-based recommendations for diet therapies before or during cancer treatment, and few studies provide definitive data that certain diets can mediate tumor progression or therapeutic effectiveness in human cancer. This review focuses on metastatic breast cancer, in particular liver metastatic forms, and recent studies on the impact of diets on disease progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Zuo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (Q.Z.); (N.H.P.)
| | - Nicole Hwajin Park
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (Q.Z.); (N.H.P.)
| | - Jenna Kathryn Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;
| | - Zeynep Madak Erdogan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (Q.Z.); (N.H.P.)
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute of Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle-Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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41
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Zhang Q, Wu S, Liu X, Yang J, Dong X, Zhou Y, Chen J, Li Y, Yang J. An Observation Study of Urinary Biomarkers Exploratory in Alzheimer's Disease using High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5421. [PMID: 35653409 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is regarded as a progressive neurodegenerative dementia, characterized by degeneration of distinct neuronal populations. A case-control study was carried out by using high resolution mass spectrometry to explore AD associated urinary metabolic biomarkers from 30 AD patients and 30 cognitively normal (CN) individuals, respectively. In total, 49 metabolites were determined and validated as known compounds by LC/MS analysis. With two sample t-test statistical analysis (p<0.05), 19 metabolites were shown to be significantly differed from AD to CN. A diagnostic model of receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed with a combination of 9 selected metabolites and yielded a separation with an area under the curve value of 0.976 between two groups. This study indicated urinary metabolites showed a significant expression between AD and CN. AD related metabolites enable to satisfy the diagnostic power of disease discrimination. Additionally, as a non-invasive approach, urine collection provides its convenience in clinical diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhang
- Shanghai Baoshan Elderly Care Home, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Wu
- Clinical research center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinru Liu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Shanghai Baoshan Elderly Care Home, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,School of medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinge Zhou
- School of medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yamei Li
- Neurology department, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingzhi Yang
- Clinical research center, Shanghai Baoshan Luodian Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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42
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McIntyre RL, Liu YJ, Hu M, Morris BJ, Willcox BJ, Donlon TA, Houtkooper RH, Janssens GE. Pharmaceutical and nutraceutical activation of FOXO3 for healthy longevity. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 78:101621. [PMID: 35421606 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Life expectancy has increased substantially over the last 150 years. Yet this means that now most people also spend a greater length of time suffering from various age-associated diseases. As such, delaying age-related functional decline and extending healthspan, the period of active older years free from disease and disability, is an overarching objective of current aging research. Geroprotectors, compounds that target pathways that causally influence aging, are increasingly recognized as a means to extend healthspan in the aging population. Meanwhile, FOXO3 has emerged as a geroprotective gene intricately involved in aging and healthspan. FOXO3 genetic variants are linked to human longevity, reduced disease risks, and even self-reported health. Therefore, identification of FOXO3-activating compounds represents one of the most direct candidate approaches to extending healthspan in aging humans. In this work, we review compounds that activate FOXO3, or influence healthspan or lifespan in a FOXO3-dependent manner. These compounds can be classified as pharmaceuticals, including PI3K/AKT inhibitors and AMPK activators, antidepressants and antipsychotics, muscle relaxants, and HDAC inhibitors, or as nutraceuticals, including primary metabolites involved in cell growth and sustenance, and secondary metabolites including extracts, polyphenols, terpenoids, and other purified natural compounds. The compounds documented here provide a basis and resource for further research and development, with the ultimate goal of promoting healthy longevity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L McIntyre
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yasmine J Liu
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Man Hu
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brian J Morris
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Bradley J Willcox
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Timothy A Donlon
- Department of Research, Kuakini Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Department of Pathology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Jung J, Park WY, Kim YJ, Kim M, Choe M, Jin K, Seo JH, Ha E. 3-Hydroxybutyrate Ameliorates the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020381. [PMID: 35204263 PMCID: PMC8868458 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies report beneficial effects of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) on the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity, but the effects of 3-OHB on diabetic nephropathy have not been elucidated. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of 3-OHB against progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Mice (db/db) were fed normal chow, high-fat, or ketogenic diets (KD) containing precursors of 3-OHB. Hyperglycemia was determined based on random glucose level (≥250 mg/dL). Fasting blood glucose and body weights were measured once a week. Twenty four-hour urine albumin to creatinine ratio was determined 5 weeks after the differential diet. Energy expenditure was measured 9 weeks after the differential diet. Body weights were significantly lower in the KD group than those in other groups, but no significant differences in fasting blood glucose levels among three groups were observed. Urine albumin to creatinine ratio and serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to creatinine ratio in the KD group were significantly lower than in other groups. Histologic and quantitative analysis of mesangial area suggested that KD delayed the progression of DN phenotype in db/db mice. Metabolic cage analysis also revealed that KD increased energy expenditure in db/db mice. In vitro studies with proximal tubular cells revealed that 3-OHB stimulated autophagic flux. 3-OHB increased LC3 I to LC3 II ratio, phosphorylation of AMPK, beclin, p62 degradation, and NRF2 expression. Moreover, we found that 3-OHB attenuated high glucose-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in proximal tubular cells. In vivo study also confirmed increased LC3 and decreased ROS levels in the kidney of KD mice. In summary, this study shows in both in vivo and in vitro models that 3-OHB delays the progression of DN by augmenting autophagy and inhibiting oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyoun Jung
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea;
| | - Woo Yeong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea;
| | - Yun Jin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Mikyung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Misun Choe
- Department of Pathology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea;
| | - Kyubok Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea;
- Correspondence: (K.J.); (J.H.S.); (E.H.)
| | - Ji Hae Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.J.); (J.H.S.); (E.H.)
| | - Eunyoung Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu 42601, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.J.); (J.H.S.); (E.H.)
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44
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Mengozzi A, Masi S, Taddei S, Virdis A. Fasting small vessels to prevent microvascular ageing? The experience of a microvascular research group working in the shadow of the leaning tower. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:442-444. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Mengozzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Piazza Martiri della Libertà, 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Masi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Taddei
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Agostino Virdis
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 67, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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45
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Rahman MM, Noman MAA, Hossain MW, Alam R, Akter S, Kabir MM, Uddin MJ, Amin MZ, Syfuddin HM, Akhter S, Karpiński TM. Curcuma longa L. Prevents the Loss of β-Tubulin in the Brain and Maintains Healthy Aging in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:1819-1835. [PMID: 35028900 PMCID: PMC8882102 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02701-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Loss of tubulin is associated with neurodegeneration and brain aging. Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) has frequently been employed as a spice in curry and traditional medications in the Indian subcontinent to attain longevity and better cognitive performance. We aimed to evaluate the unelucidated mechanism of how turmeric protects the brain to be an anti-aging agent. D. melanogaster was cultured on a regular diet and turmeric-supplemented diet. β-tubulin level and physiological traits including survivability, locomotor activity, fertility, tolerance to oxidative stress, and eye health were analyzed. Turmeric showed a hormetic effect, and 0.5% turmeric was the optimal dose in preventing aging. β-tubulin protein level was decreased in the brain of D. melanogaster upon aging, while a 0.5% turmeric-supplemented diet predominantly prevented this aging-induced loss of β-tubulin and degeneration of physiological traits as well as improved β-tubulin synthesis in the brain of D. melanogaster early to mid-age. The higher concentration (≥ 1%) of turmeric-supplemented diet decreased the β-tubulin level and degenerated many of the physiological traits of D. melanogaster. The turmeric concentration-dependent increase and decrease of β-tubulin level were consistent with the increment and decrement data obtained from the evaluated physiological traits. This correlation demonstrated that turmeric targets β-tubulin and has both beneficial and detrimental effects that depend on the concentration of turmeric. The findings of this study concluded that an optimal dosage of turmeric could maintain a healthy neuron and thus healthy aging, by preventing the loss and increasing the level of β-tubulin in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mashiar Rahman
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdullah Al Noman
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Walid Hossain
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Alam
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Selena Akter
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Masnoon Kabir
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Jashim Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ziaul Amin
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - H M Syfuddin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Shahina Akhter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Foy's Lake, Chittagong, 4202, Bangladesh.
| | - Tomasz M Karpiński
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712, Poznań, Poland.
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Hofer SJ, Carmona‐Gutierrez D, Mueller MI, Madeo F. The ups and downs of caloric restriction and fasting: from molecular effects to clinical application. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e14418. [PMID: 34779138 PMCID: PMC8749464 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-associated diseases are rising to pandemic proportions, exposing the need for efficient and low-cost methods to tackle these maladies at symptomatic, behavioral, metabolic, and physiological levels. While nutrition and health are closely intertwined, our limited understanding of how diet precisely influences disease often precludes the medical use of specific dietary interventions. Caloric restriction (CR) has approached clinical application as a powerful, yet simple, dietary modulation that extends both life- and healthspan in model organisms and ameliorates various diseases. However, due to psychological and social-behavioral limitations, CR may be challenging to implement into real life. Thus, CR-mimicking interventions have been developed, including intermittent fasting, time-restricted eating, and macronutrient modulation. Nonetheless, possible side effects of CR and alternatives thereof must be carefully considered. We summarize key concepts and differences in these dietary interventions in humans, discuss their molecular effects, and shed light on advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J Hofer
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesNAWI GrazUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- BioHealth GrazGrazAustria
- BioTechMed GrazGrazAustria
| | | | - Melanie I Mueller
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesNAWI GrazUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular BiosciencesNAWI GrazUniversity of GrazGrazAustria
- BioHealth GrazGrazAustria
- BioTechMed GrazGrazAustria
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47
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Charan HV, Dwivedi DK, Khan S, Jena G. Mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated hepatic stellate cell activation: therapeutic potential for liver fibrosis. Genes Dis 2022; 10:480-494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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The Role of Ketogenic Metabolic Therapy on the Brain in Serious Mental Illness: A Review. JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND BRAIN SCIENCE 2022; 7:e220009. [PMID: 36483840 PMCID: PMC9728807 DOI: 10.20900/jpbs.20220009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In search of interventions targeting brain dysfunction and underlying cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, we look at the brain and beyond to the potential role of dysfunctional systemic metabolism on neural network instability and insulin resistance in serious mental illness. We note that disrupted insulin and cerebral glucose metabolism are seen even in medication-naïve first-episode schizophrenia, suggesting that people with schizophrenia are at risk for Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, resulting in a shortened life span. Although glucose is the brain's default fuel, ketones are a more efficient fuel for the brain. We highlight evidence that a ketogenic diet can improve both the metabolic and neural stability profiles. Specifically, a ketogenic diet improves mitochondrial metabolism, neurotransmitter function, oxidative stress/inflammation, while also increasing neural network stability and cognitive function. To reverse the neurodegenerative process, increasing the brain's access to ketone bodies may be needed. We describe evidence that metabolic, neuroprotective, and neurochemical benefits of a ketogenic diet potentially provide symptomatic relief to people with schizophrenia while also improving their cardiovascular or metabolic health. We review evidence for KD side effects and note that although high in fat it improves various cardiovascular and metabolic risk markers in overweight/obese individuals. We conclude by calling for controlled clinical trials to confirm or refute the findings from anecdotal and case reports to address the potential beneficial effects of the ketogenic diet in people with serious mental illness.
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49
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Kolb H, Kempf K, Röhling M, Lenzen-Schulte M, Schloot NC, Martin S. Ketone bodies: from enemy to friend and guardian angel. BMC Med 2021; 19:313. [PMID: 34879839 PMCID: PMC8656040 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During starvation, fasting, or a diet containing little digestible carbohydrates, the circulating insulin levels are decreased. This promotes lipolysis, and the breakdown of fat becomes the major source of energy. The hepatic energy metabolism is regulated so that under these circumstances, ketone bodies are generated from β-oxidation of fatty acids and secreted as ancillary fuel, in addition to gluconeogenesis. Increased plasma levels of ketone bodies thus indicate a dietary shortage of carbohydrates. Ketone bodies not only serve as fuel but also promote resistance to oxidative and inflammatory stress, and there is a decrease in anabolic insulin-dependent energy expenditure. It has been suggested that the beneficial non-metabolic actions of ketone bodies on organ functions are mediated by them acting as a ligand to specific cellular targets. We propose here a major role of a different pathway initiated by the induction of oxidative stress in the mitochondria during increased ketolysis. Oxidative stress induced by ketone body metabolism is beneficial in the long term because it initiates an adaptive (hormetic) response characterized by the activation of the master regulators of cell-protective mechanism, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), sirtuins, and AMP-activated kinase. This results in resolving oxidative stress, by the upregulation of anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities, improved mitochondrial function and growth, DNA repair, and autophagy. In the heart, the adaptive response to enhanced ketolysis improves resistance to damage after ischemic insults or to cardiotoxic actions of doxorubicin. Sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors may also exert their cardioprotective action via increasing ketone body levels and ketolysis. We conclude that the increased synthesis and use of ketone bodies as ancillary fuel during periods of deficient food supply and low insulin levels causes oxidative stress in the mitochondria and that the latter initiates a protective (hormetic) response which allows cells to cope with increased oxidative stress and lower energy availability. KEYWORDS: Ketogenic diet, Ketone bodies, Beta hydroxybutyrate, Insulin, Obesity, Type 2 diabetes, Inflammation, Oxidative stress, Cardiovascular disease, SGLT2, Hormesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Kolb
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kempf
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591, Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Martin Röhling
- West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Nanette C Schloot
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Martin
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.,West-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Duesseldorf Catholic Hospital Group, Hohensandweg 37, 40591, Duesseldorf, Germany
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