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Liao L, Wang Q, Feng Y, Li G, Lai R, Jameela F, Zhan X, Liu B. Advances and challenges in the development of periodontitis vaccines: A comprehensive review. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112650. [PMID: 39079346 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a prevalent polymicrobial disease. It damages soft tissues and alveolar bone, and causes a significant public-health burden. Development of an advanced therapeutic approach and exploration of vaccines against periodontitis hold promise as potential treatment avenues. Clinical trials for a periodontitis vaccine are lacking. Therefore, it is crucial to address the urgent need for developing strategies to implement vaccines at the primary level of prevention in public health. A deep understanding of the principles and mechanisms of action of vaccines plays a crucial role in the successful development of vaccines and their clinical translation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of potential directions for the development of highly efficacious periodontitis vaccines. In addition, we address the limitations of these endeavors and explore future possibilities for the development of an efficacious vaccine against periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzi Liao
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Yujia Feng
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guojiang Li
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renfa Lai
- Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fatima Jameela
- Modern American Dental Clinic, West Warren Avenue, MI, USA
| | - Xiaozhen Zhan
- Hospital of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dental Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Biological Intelligence Manufacturing, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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Xuan P, Guan C, Chen S, Gu J, Wang X, Nakaguchi T, Zhang T. Gating-Enhanced Hierarchical Structure Learning in Hyperbolic Space and Multi-scale Neighbor Topology Learning in Euclidean Space for Prediction of Microbe-Drug Associations. J Chem Inf Model 2024. [PMID: 39324410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.4c01340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Identifying drug-related microbes may help us explore how the microbes affect the functions of drugs by promoting or inhibiting their effects. Most previous methods for the prediction of microbe-drug associations focused on integrating the attributes and topologies of microbe and drug nodes in Euclidean space. The heterogeneous network composed of microbes and drugs has a hierarchical structure, and the hyperbolic space is helpful for reflecting the structure. However, the previous methods did not fully exploit the structure. We propose a multi-space feature learning enhanced microbe-drug association prediction method, MFLP, to fuse the hierarchical structure of microbe and drug nodes in hyperbolic space and the multiscale neighbor topologies in Euclidean space. First, we project the nodes of the microbe-drug heterogeneous network on the sphere in hyperbolic space and then construct a topology which implies hierarchical structure and forms a hierarchical attribute embedding. The node information from multiple types of neighbor nodes with the new topological structure in the tangent plane space of a sphere is aggregated by the designed gating-enhanced hyperbolic graph neural network. Second, the gate at the node feature level is constructed to adaptively fuse the hierarchical features of microbe and drug nodes from two adjacent graph neural encoding layers. Third, multiple neighbor topological embeddings for each microbe and drug node are formed by neighborhood random walks on the microbe-drug heterogeneous network, and they cover neighborhood topologies with multiple scales, respectively. Finally, as each scale of topological embedding contains its specific neighborhood topology, we establish an independent graph convolutional neural network for the topology and form the topological representations of microbe and drug nodes in Euclidean space. The comparison experiments based on cross validation showed that MFLP outperformed several advanced prediction methods, and the ablation experiments verified the effectiveness of MFLP's major innovations. The case studies on three drugs further demonstrated MFLP's ability in being applied to discover potential candidate microbes for the given drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xuan
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Chunhong Guan
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Sentao Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Jing Gu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xiuju Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Toshiya Nakaguchi
- Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba 2638522, Japan
| | - Tiangang Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- School of Mathematical Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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Kim HS, Kim M, Kim Y, Shin HH, Lee SW, Ryu JH. Antimicrobial adhesive self-healing hydrogels for efficient dental biofilm removal from periodontal tissue. Dent Mater 2024:S0109-5641(24)00284-7. [PMID: 39322446 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral biofilms, including pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, are involved in the initiation and progression of various periodontal diseases. However, the treatment of these diseases is hindered by the limited efficacy of many antimicrobial materials in removing biofilms under the harsh conditions of the oral cavity. Our objective is to develop a gel-type antimicrobial agent with optimal physicochemical properties, strong tissue adhesion, prolonged antimicrobial activity, and biocompatibility to serve as an adjunctive treatment for periodontal diseases. METHODS Phenylboronic acid-conjugated alginate (Alg-PBA) was synthesized using a carbodiimide coupling agent. Alg-PBA was then combined with tannic acid (TA) to create an Alg-PBA/TA hydrogel. The composition of the hydrogel was optimized to enhance its mechanical strength and tissue adhesiveness. Additionally, the hydrogel's self-healing ability, erosion and release profile, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis were thoroughly characterized. RESULTS The Alg-PBA/TA hydrogels, with a final concentration of 5 wt% TA, exhibited both mechanical properties comparable to conventional Minocycline gel and strong tissue adhesiveness. In contrast, the Minocycline gel demonstrated negligible tissue adhesion. The Alg-PBA/TA hydrogel also retained its rheological properties under repeated 5 kPa stress owing to its self-healing capability, whereas the Minocycline gel showed irreversible changes in rheology after just one stress cycle. Additionally, Alg-PBA/TA hydrogels displayed a sustained erosion and TA release profile with minimal impact on the surrounding pH. Additionally, the hydrogels exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis, effectively eliminating its biofilm without compromising the viability of MG-63 cells. SIGNIFICANCE The Alg-PBA/TA hydrogel demonstrates an optimal combination of mechanical strength, self-healing ability, tissue adhesiveness, excellent biocompatibility, and sustained antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis. These attributes make it superior to conventional Minocycline gel. Thus, the Alg-PBA/TA hydrogel is a promising antiseptic candidate for adjunctive treatment of various periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sol Kim
- Department of Carbon Convergence Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyoung Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Shin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Lee
- Department of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Hyun Ryu
- Department of Carbon Convergence Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemical Engineering, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea; Smart Convergence Materials Analysis Center, Wonkwang Univeristy, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea.
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Demehri S, Vardar S, Godoy C, Lopez JV, Samuel P, Kawai T, Ozga AT. Supragingival Plaque Microbiomes in a Diverse South Florida Population. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1921. [PMID: 39338595 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12091921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Trillions of microbes comprise the human oral cavity, collectively acting as another bodily organ. Although research is several decades into the field, there is no consensus on how oral microbiomes differ in underrepresented groups such as Hispanic, Black, and Asian populations living in the United States. Here, using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing, we examine the bacterial ecology of supragingival plaque from four quadrants of the mouth along with a tongue swab from 26 healthy volunteers from South Florida (131 total sequences after filtering). As an area known to be a unique amalgamation of diverse cultures from across the globe, South Florida allows us to address the question of how supragingival plaque microbes differ across ethnic groups, thus potentially impacting treatment regiments related to oral issues. We assess overall phylogenetic abundance, alpha and beta diversity, and linear discriminate analysis of participants based on sex, ethnicity, sampling location in the mouth, and gingival health. Within this cohort, we find the presence of common phyla such as Firmicutes and common genera such as Streptococcus. Additionally, we find significant differences across sampling locations, sex, and gingival health. This research stresses the need for the continued incorporation of diverse populations within human oral microbiome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharlene Demehri
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Saynur Vardar
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Cristina Godoy
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
- Department of Public Health, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Jose V Lopez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Guy Harvey Oceanographic Center, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Paisley Samuel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Guy Harvey Oceanographic Center, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Toshihisa Kawai
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Andrew T Ozga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Guy Harvey Oceanographic Center, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
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Li X, Mak CM, Ai Z, Ma KW, Wong HM. Propagation and evaporation of contaminated droplets, emission and exposure in surgery environments revealed by laser visualization and numerical characterization. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135338. [PMID: 39084008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The contaminated liquid mixture containing mucosalivary fluid and blood would be aerosolized during medical procedures, resulting in higher-risk exposures. The novelty of this research is integrating laser visualization and numerical characterization to assess the propagation and evaporation of contaminated droplets, and the interactive effects of humidity and temperature on exposure risks will be numerically evaluated in surgery environments. The numerical model evidenced by experiments can predict the mass balance of ejection droplets, the minimum required fallow time (FT) between appointments, and the disinfection region of greatest concern. Around 98.4 % of the ejection droplet mass will be removed after the cessation of ultrasonic scaling, while the initial droplet size smaller than 72.6μm will dehydrate and become airborne. The FT recommendation of 30 min is not over-cautious, and the extended FT (range of 28-37 min) should be instituted for low temperature (20.5 °C) and high humidity levels (60 %RH). The variation of the temperature and humidity in the range for human thermal comfort has little influence on the area of the disinfection region (0.15m2) and the cut-off size (72.6μm) of droplet deposition and suspension. This research can provide scientific evidence for the guidelines of environmental conditions in surgery rooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujie Li
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheuk Ming Mak
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhengtao Ai
- Department of Building Environment and Energy, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Kuen Wai Ma
- Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai Ming Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Del Pinto R, Ferri C, Giannoni M, Cominelli F, Pizarro TT, Pietropaoli D. Meta-analysis of oral microbiome reveals sex-based diversity in biofilms during periodontitis. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e171311. [PMID: 39253976 PMCID: PMC11385077 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.171311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Sex is an often overlooked, yet compulsory, biological variable when performing biomedical research. Periodontitis is a common yet progressively debilitating chronic inflammatory disorder affecting the tissues supporting teeth that ultimately leads to tooth loss if left untreated. The incidence of periodontitis is sex biased, with increased prevalence in males compared with females but with unknown etiology. We performed a sex-specific meta-analysis using publicly available oral microbiome data from different sampling sites of patients with periodontitis and periodontally healthy controls; sex balance was established for each periodontal health condition. Our results show sex-based diversity in oral biofilms of individuals with periodontitis but not in their saliva, with increased abundance of several periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaques from females compared with males. We devised a quantitative measure, uniquely defined as the Microsexome Index (MSI), which indicates that sexual dimorphism in subgingival bacterial composition is a distinct feature of reduced microbial diversity during periodontitis but not under healthy conditions. In addition, we found that smoking exacerbates microsexome diversity in supragingival biofilms, particularly during periodontitis. Taken together, we provide insights regarding sex-based diversity in periodontitis, a disease with multiorgan associations, and provide the rationale for further mechanistic, diagnostic, and therapeutic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Del Pinto
- San Salvatore Hospital, Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Oral DISeases and SYstemic interactions study group (ODISSY group), L’Aquila, Italy (detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments)
| | - Claudio Ferri
- San Salvatore Hospital, Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- Oral DISeases and SYstemic interactions study group (ODISSY group), L’Aquila, Italy (detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments)
| | - Mario Giannoni
- Oral DISeases and SYstemic interactions study group (ODISSY group), L’Aquila, Italy (detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments)
- Center of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research, Dental Clinic, Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Fabio Cominelli
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Theresa T. Pizarro
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Davide Pietropaoli
- Oral DISeases and SYstemic interactions study group (ODISSY group), L’Aquila, Italy (detailed in Supplemental Acknowledgments)
- Center of Oral Diseases, Prevention and Translational Research, Dental Clinic, Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Costa LCMC, Carvalho MDG, Vale FF, Marques AT, Rasmussen LT, Chen T, Barros-Pinheiro M. Helicobacter pylori in oral cavity: current knowledge. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:209. [PMID: 39230790 PMCID: PMC11374826 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
The oral cavity may play a role as a reservoir and in the transmission and colonization of Helicobacter pylori. The route of transmission for H. pylori is not fully understood. The prevalence of this pathogen varies globally, affecting half of the world's population, predominantly in developing countries. Here, we review the prevalence of H. pylori in the oral cavity, the characteristics that facilitate its colonization and dynamics in the oral microbiome, the heterogeneity and diversity of virulence of among strains, and noninvasive techniques for H. pylori detection in oral samples. The prevalence of H. pylori in the oral cavity varies greatly, being influenced by the characteristics of the population, regions where samples are collected in the oral cavity, and variations in detection methods. Although there is no direct association between the presence of H. pylori in oral samples and stomach infection, positive cases for gastric H. pylori frequently exhibit a higher prevalence of the bacterium in the oral cavity, suggesting that the stomach may not be the sole reservoir of H. pylori. In the oral cavity, H. pylori can cause microbiome imbalance and remodeling of the oral ecosystem. Detection of H. pylori in the oral cavity by a noninvasive method may provide a more accessible diagnostic tool as well as help prevent transmission and gastric re-colonization. Further research into this bacterium in the oral cavity will offer insights into the treatment of H. pylori infection, potentially developing new clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Cristina Melo Carneiro Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, Brazil.
- BioISI - BioSystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Maria das Graças Carvalho
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas da Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Filipa F Vale
- BioISI - BioSystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia T Marques
- BioISI - BioSystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Tsute Chen
- The Forsyth Institute (Microbiology), Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melina Barros-Pinheiro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Divinópolis, Brazil
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Zhou X, Cai X, Tang Q, Zhang J, Bai J, Jing F, Gao L, Zhang H, Li T. Differences in the landscape of colonized microorganisms in different oral potentially malignant disorders and squamous cell carcinoma: a multi-group comparative study. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:318. [PMID: 39223464 PMCID: PMC11367885 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of microbes in diseases, especially cancer, has garnered significant attention. However, research on the oral microbiota in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) remains limited. Our study investigates microbial communities in OPMDs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Oral biopsies from19 oral leukoplakia (OLK) patients, 19 proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) patients, 19 oral lichen planus (OLP) patients, and 19 oral lichenoid lesions (OLL) patients were obtained. 15 SCC specimens were also collected from PVL patients. Healthy individuals served as controls, and DNA was extracted from their paraffin-embedded tissues. 2bRAD-M sequencing generated taxonomic profiles. Alpha and beta diversity analyses, along with Linear Discriminant Analysis effect size analysis, were conducted. RESULTS Our results showed the microbial richness and diversity were significantly different among groups, with PVL-SCC resembling controls, while OLK exhibited the highest richness. Each disease group displayed unique microbial compositions, with distinct dominant bacterial species. Noteworthy alterations during PVL-SCC progression included a decline in Fusobacterium periodonticum and an elevation in Prevotella oris. CONCLUSIONS Different disease groups exhibited distinct dominant bacterial species and microbial compositions. These findings offer promise in elucidating the underlying mechanisms of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhou
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinjia Cai
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oral Health Research & Xiangya Stomatological Hospital & Xiangya School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiaying Bai
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fengyang Jing
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Heyu Zhang
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China.
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Tiejun Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices& Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, No.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
- Research Unit of Precision Pathologic Diagnosis in Tumors of the Oral and Maxillofacial Regions, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU034), Beijing, 100081, China.
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Huang J, Yang K, Gao L, He Q, Ge S. Microbial community composition in subgingival plaques and heterogeneity of tumor tissue TCRβ CDR3 repertoire in patients with moderate-to-severe periodontitis and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Technol Health Care 2024:THC240218. [PMID: 39331118 DOI: 10.3233/thc-240218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human oral cavity contains over 700 types of bacteria that may protect the body against colonization by exogenous pathogens and maintain relative homeostasis. However, alterations in the immune status can disrupt the balance between microorganisms and the host, inducing various diseases such as oral cancer and diabetes mellitus. The mechanism underlying this process is not clearly understood. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between subgingival bacteria, T-cell receptor β-chain complementarity-determining region 3 (TCRβ CDR3), and the development oforal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS We grouped patients as "healthy periodontal" (H), "moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis" (C), and "moderate-to-severe chronic periodontitis with OSCC" (T). Bacterial groups were "subgingival plaque" (bp) and "gingival/tumor tissue" (g). We also recorded patients' age, gender, attachment level (AL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and probing depth (PD). We extracted and sequenced RNA from plaques, gingival tissues, tumors, and teeth. We performed high-throughput sequencing on TCRβ CDR3 and plaque bacteria. RESULTS Synergistetes and Veillonella parvula were more abundant in the H group than in the T group. Granulicatella, Peptostreptococcus, and Streptococcus infantis were enriched in the T-bp group. AL, BOP, and PD were positively correlated with Granulicatella, Peptostreptococcus, and Pseudomonas but negatively correlated with Prevotella nigrescens and V. parvula. TCRβ CDR3 diversity was C > H > T. TCR β-chain Variable gene (TRBV)20-1 usage varied among the H, C, and T groups. TRBV2 and TRBV5-1 usage was greater in the T group than in the C group. TRBJ1-1, TRBJ1-2, TRBJ2-2, TRBJ2-7, and TRBJ2-5 were most frequently used. CONCLUSIONS These trends and the reduction of gingival Synergistetes were correlated with OSCC. TCRβ CDR3 diversity was the lowest in patients in the T group, and there were considerable changes in the expression of TRBV2 and TRBJ. Therefore, plaque bacterial composition can influence TCRβ CDR3.
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Manus MB, Lucore J, Kuthyar S, Moy M, Savo Sardaro ML, Amato KR. Technical note: A biological anthropologist's guide for applying microbiome science to studies of human and non-human primates. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2024:e25020. [PMID: 39222382 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.25020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
A central goal of biological anthropology is connecting environmental variation to differences in host physiology, biology, health, and evolution. The microbiome represents a valuable pathway for studying how variation in host environments impacts health outcomes. While there are many resources for learning about methods related to microbiome sample collection, laboratory analyses, and genetic sequencing, there are fewer dedicated to helping researchers navigate the dense portfolio of bioinformatics and statistical approaches for analyzing microbiome data. Those that do exist are rarely related to questions in biological anthropology and instead are often focused on human biomedicine. To address this gap, we expand on existing tutorials and provide a "road map" to aid biological anthropologists in understanding, selecting, and deploying the data analysis and visualization methods that are most appropriate for their specific research questions. Leveraging an existing dataset of fecal samples and survey data collected from wild geladas living in Simien Mountains National Park in Ethiopia (Baniel et al., 2021), this paper guides researchers toward answering three questions related to variation in the gut microbiome across host and environmental factors. By providing explanations, examples, and a reproducible workflow for different analytic methods, we move beyond the theoretical benefits of considering the microbiome within anthropological research and instead present researchers with a guide for applying microbiome science to their work. This paper makes microbiome science more accessible to biological anthropologists and paves the way for continued research into the microbiome's role in the ecology, evolution, and health of human and non-human primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa B Manus
- Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jordan Lucore
- Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sahana Kuthyar
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Madelyn Moy
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Maria Luisa Savo Sardaro
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Department of Human Science and Promotion of the Quality of Life, University of San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Katherine R Amato
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
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Parveen S, Alqahtani AS, Aljabri MY, Bajonaid A, Khan SS, Hassan AAHAA, Dawood T. Nationwide exploration: assessing oral microbiome knowledge among dental professionals in Saudi Arabia and its implications for oral health care. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1028. [PMID: 39217310 PMCID: PMC11366131 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between the microbiome and oral health is intricate, yet there is a lack of comprehensive knowledge regarding the microbiome's impact on oral health. Integrating knowledge regarding the oral microbiome and its significance in oral and systemic diseases holds profound implications for dental professionals in patient care and professional development. This study assessed dental professionals' oral microbiome comprehension and knowledge levels in Saudi Arabia and its implications for oral healthcare. METHODS Data were gathered using a cross-sectional design by administering a comprehensive online questionnaire to 253 dental professionals from diverse demographic backgrounds. The questionnaire, administered in English, was divided into four sections: (1) Microbiome awareness and understanding, (2) Diet, nutrition, and microbiome relationship, (3) Microbiome and oral and systemic diseases, and (4) Counselling, education, and implications. Statistical analyses were used to identify and understand underlying patterns, including descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, ANOVA, and post hoc tests. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient was applied to assess self-rated knowledge. RESULTS Of the 253 participants, 94.6% were familiar with the term "microbiome." Merely 13% of participants considered the oral microbiome to be the second most diverse, following the gut microbiome. About 39.9% of participants knew the connection between oral mucosal diseases and the oral microbiome. Furthermore, only 6.7% thought there was a connection between systemic diseases and the oral microbiome. Participant comprehension of oral microbiome questions averaged 9.19 out of 13, with 83.7% scoring "good". There were significant differences in knowledge scores among dental specializations (F = 7.082, P < 0.001) and years of professional experience (F = 4.755, P = 0.003). Significantly, 53.8% of participants had uncertain self-perceptions of their knowledge of the oral microbiome, while only 0.8% rated their understanding as 'very good'. CONCLUSION Our findings reveal that dental professionals have varying levels of awareness and comprehension of the oral microbiome. Despite widespread awareness, understanding its diversity and implications for oral and systemic health remains limited. It is essential to address these gaps in knowledge through future research and educational interventions, considering the vital part that dental professionals play in promoting oral health through personalised dietary recommendations, lifestyle changes, and hygiene practices. These initiatives may promote a robust oral microbial community, enhance patient outcomes, and advance oral healthcare locally and globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameena Parveen
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed Shaher Alqahtani
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Y Aljabri
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Bajonaid
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Saeed Khan
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Tazeen Dawood
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Ruan S, Zhao Y, Chen R, Ma J, Guan Y, Ma J, Ren L. Effect of zinc oxide/graphene oxide nanocomposites on the cytotoxicity, antibacterial and mechanical properties of polymethyl methacrylate. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1013. [PMID: 39210376 PMCID: PMC11363655 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04754-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhancing the antibacterial properties of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) dental resins is crucial in preventing secondary infections following dental procedures. Despite the necessity for such improvement, a universally applicable method for augmenting the antibacterial properties of PMMA without compromising its mechanical properties and cytotoxicity remains elusive. Consequently, this study aims to address the aforementioned challenges by developing and implementing a composite material known as zinc oxide/graphene oxide (ZnO/GO) nanocomposites, to modify the PMMA. METHODS ZnO/GO nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by a one-step procedure and fully characterized by TEM, EDS, FTIR and XRD. Then the physical and mechanical properties of PMMA modified by ZnO/GO nanocomposites were evaluated through water absorption and solubility test, contact angle test, three-point bending tests, and compression test. Furthermore, the biological properties of the modified PMMA were evaluated by direct microscopic colony count method, crystal violet staining and CCK-8. RESULTS The results revealed that ZnO/GO nanocomposites were successfully constructed. When the concentration of nanocomposites in PMMA was 0.2 wt. %, the flexural strength of the resin was increased by 23.4%, the compressive strength was increased by 31.1%, and the number of bacterial colonies was reduced by 60.33%. Meanwhile, It was found that the aging of the resin did not affect its antibacterial properties, and CCK-8 revealed that the modified PMMA had no cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION ZnO/GO nanocomposites effectively improved the antibacterial properties of PMMA. Moreover, the mechanical properties of the resin were improved by adding ZnO/GO nanocomposites at a lower range of concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofan Ruan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Yanzong Zhao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Jie Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Yian Guan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jianqiang Ma
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Liling Ren
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
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Rajasekaran JJ, Krishnamurthy HK, Bosco J, Jayaraman V, Krishna K, Wang T, Bei K. Oral Microbiome: A Review of Its Impact on Oral and Systemic Health. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1797. [PMID: 39338471 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12091797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review investigates the oral microbiome's composition, functions, influencing factors, connections to oral and systemic diseases, and personalized oral care strategies. RECENT FINDINGS The oral microbiome is a complex ecosystem consisting of bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses that contribute to oral health. Various factors, such as diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, lifestyle choices, and medical conditions, can affect the balance of the oral microbiome and lead to dysbiosis, which can result in oral health issues like dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, oral candidiasis, and halitosis. Importantly, our review explores novel associations between the oral microbiome and systemic diseases including gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, endocrinal, and neurological conditions, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. We comprehensively review the efficacy of interventions like dental probiotics, xylitol, oral rinses, fluoride, essential oils, oil pulling, and peptides in promoting oral health by modulating the oral microbiome. SUMMARY This review emphasizes the critical functions of the oral microbiota in dental and overall health, providing insights into the effects of microbial imbalances on various diseases. It underlines the significant connection between the oral microbiota and general health. Furthermore, it explores the advantages of probiotics and other dental care ingredients in promoting oral health and addressing common oral issues, offering a comprehensive strategy for personalized oral care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jophi Bosco
- Vibrant America LLC, Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA
| | | | | | - Tianhao Wang
- Vibrant Sciences LLC, Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA
| | - Kang Bei
- Vibrant Sciences LLC, Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA
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Amano S, Matsumoto M, Morimoto M, Kawamoto H, Takeshita F, Yasui T, Sakagami H. Efficacy of toothpaste containing Brazilian green propolis extracts with an optimal kaempferide/betuletol ratio for improving oral microbiota: A randomized, controlled, paired crossover study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 337:118762. [PMID: 39214193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees from various plant sources and has been used in traditional folk medicine for centuries. Propolis has various biological properties, including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. The use of propolis in oral health care is attributable to its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. However, limited evidence exists on the in vivo efficacy of propolis against periodontal pathogens. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Brazilian green propolis (BGP)-containing toothpaste for improving the oral environment and define its antibacterial compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Overall, 48 student volunteers aged 18-40 years (24 females and 24 males) were randomly categorized into the BGP and placebo groups. The BGP and placebo groups received toothpaste with and without BGP, respectively. After a baseline assessment, the plaque index (PI) score, gingival index (GI) score, and proportion of periodontal pathogens on the tongue surface were analyzed at 0, 1, and 2 weeks. Antibacterial compounds were identified using liquid-liquid partitioning, high-performance liquid chromatography purification, and nuclear magnetic resonance methods. RESULTS The concentration of BGP in the toothpaste was set at 0.0347 w/v%. Compared with the placebo group, the BGP group demonstrated a reduction in the PI score (p < 0.05) but not in the GI score, as well as a reduction in Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg)/Total bacteria (Tb), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn)/Tb, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa)/Tb (p < 0.05) but not in Streptococcus salivalius/Tb. Effect sizes for Pg, Fn and Aa were 0.360, 0.556, and 0.164, respectively. The antibacterial compounds of the BGP-containing toothpaste included a mixture of kaempferide/betuletol. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed the efficacy of propolis toothpaste with an optimal kaempferide/betuletol ratio for improving oral microbiota, thereby suggesting that BGP toothpaste is clinically useful in maintaining oral health and preventing periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Amano
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology, Japan.
| | - Masaru Matsumoto
- Division of Sports Dentistry Meikai University School of Dentistry, Japan
| | - Masanori Morimoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry/Graduate School of Agriculture Kindai University, Japan.
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Sahin S, Gundogdu A, Nalbantoglu U, Karaca Z, Hacioglu A, Urhan ME, Unluhizarci K, Hora M, Tanrıverdi ES, Durcan E, Elbüken G, Dokmetas HS, Zuhur SS, Tanriover N, Türe U, Kelestimur F, Kadioglu P. The comprehensive evaluation of oral and fecal microbiota in patients with acromegaly. Pituitary 2024:10.1007/s11102-024-01444-6. [PMID: 39158810 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-024-01444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The alteration of the microbiota in the mouth and gut could potentially play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, and conversely, these diseases may have an influence on the composition of the gut microbiota. Acromegaly disease can potentially affect physiological processes in the mouth and gut. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between acromegaly and the oral and gut microbiota, as data on this topic are scarce. METHODS This was a multicenter, cross-sectional study. Our study included individuals diagnosed with acromegaly (who were treated and followed up, and also as an another group of patients with newly diagnosed acromegaly) and healthy participants. All three groups were assessed and compared based on age, sex, serum IGF-1, body mass index BMI as well as their stool and oral microbiota We collected demographic information from the patients, collected fecal and oral samples, performed DNA isolation followed by 16 S rRNA sequencing, and then performed bioinformatic analysis. We also analyzed the oral and fecal samples with respect to medical and surgical treatment and disease control status, specific treatments received for acromegaly, presence of comorbidities, hypopituitarism status, presence of intestinal polyps. RESULTS One hundred and three patients with acromegaly, 15 newly diagnosed patients with acromegaly without comorbidities and 34 healthy controls were included in the study. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was significantly lower in patients with acromegaly who received treatment (medical and/or surgical) than in healthy controls. In addition, a significant difference was found in the fecal and oral microbiota of patients with acromegaly with disease control compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, a significant difference was found in the fecal and oral microbiota of patients with acromegaly without disease control. Nevertheless, it was not possible to establish a clear relationship between disease control status, the presence of intestinal polyps, the presence of type 2 diabetes and the composition of the oral and gut microbiota in acromegalic patients who had received different forms of treatment. CONCLUSION Patients with acromegaly show distinct gut microbiota profiles, and it is evident that factors beyond the GH/IGF-1 axis play a role in shaping the gut microbiota of individuals with acromegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Sahin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aycan Gundogdu
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GenKok), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Nalbantoglu
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GenKok), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Computer Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zuleyha Karaca
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Aysa Hacioglu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Emre Urhan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kursad Unluhizarci
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Hora
- Genome and Stem Cell Center (GenKok), Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Elif Seren Tanrıverdi
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Malatya Training and Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Emre Durcan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülsah Elbüken
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Hatice Sebile Dokmetas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Health Sciences, Cemil Tascıoğlu City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sayid Shafi Zuhur
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - Necmettin Tanriover
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ugur Türe
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fahrettin Kelestimur
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pinar Kadioglu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology-Metabolism and Diabetes, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa, Kocamustafapasa Street No:53, Fatih, Istanbul, 34098, Turkey.
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Almalki SA, Adil AH, Mustafa M, Karobari MI. Assessing oral health knowledge among public school children in Saudi Arabian subpopulation. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2024; 43:126. [PMID: 39160632 PMCID: PMC11331751 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-024-00617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral hygiene is paramount for maintaining optimal oral and physical health, especially among children who are particularly susceptible to dental caries and issues due to dietary habits and inadequate hygiene practices. This study aimed to evaluate the awareness and knowledge of oral health among public school children, analyse their oral hygiene habits, educate parents on the importance of oral health for their children, and implement an oral hygiene educational program in Al-Kharj City, Saudi Arabia. METHODS Four public elementary schools were selected for the study, with a sample size of 200 school-going children participating. A structured questionnaire was used to assess awareness and knowledge of oral health among the participants. SPSS software version 26 was used for data analysis. Multiple regression analysis and correlation tests was employed to explore the relationships between the different variables measured in the study. RESULTS The findings revealed a significant lack of awareness regarding oral health among school children. Oral hygiene habits were found to be inadequate in many participants. Overall, the findings highlight the need for targeted interventions aimed at promoting regular dental visits, addressing dental fear, and fostering positive oral hygiene practices among school-going children to improve oral health outcomes in the studied population. CONCLUSION The study highlighted a critical gap in oral health awareness among school children, underscoring the need for targeted interventions. While the oral hygiene educational program has been implemented and future data will shed light on its effectiveness, preliminary observations suggest that such programs could potentially improve oral health outcomes and overall engagement among students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Abdulrahman Almalki
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin AbdulAziz University, Al‑Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Habeeb Adil
- Department of Dental Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
| | - Mohammed Mustafa
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
- Department of Dental Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India.
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, 12211, Cambodia.
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Xu Y, Mou J, Dai J. VMT/ACP/Dextran composite nanosheets against dental caries through promoting mineralization of dentin tubules, pH buffering, and antibacterial. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:490. [PMID: 39153990 PMCID: PMC11330022 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02709-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a worldwide public healthcare concern, and is closely related to the acidic environment that caused by bacterial decomposition of food. In this study, a two-step ion exchange liquid-phase stripping method was applied to strip out vermiculite (VMT) nanosheets, then amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and dextran were inserted between the VMT nanosheets interlayer to obtain a composite two-dimension nanosheets (VMT/ACP/Dextran). VMT/ACP/Dextran composite nanosheets exhibited excellent biocompatibility and could provide exogenous Ca2+and PO43- from ACP, provide SiO44-, Mg2+, Fe2+ and obtain buffering pH and antibacterial properties from VMT, as well as improve suspension stability and targeting Streptococcus mutans through glucan. The in vitro study showed that the composite materials could promote the mineralization and sealing of dentin tubules by releasing active ions, buffer pH 4.5 (a value close to the pH in the dental plaque environment) to pH 6.6-7.1 (values close to the pH in human saliva) through ion exchange, and exert antibacterial effects by targeting Streptococcus mutans and exerting oxidase like and peroxidase like activities to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). The in vivo animal study showed that daily cleaning teeth using VMT/ACP/Dextran composite nanosheets could effectively reduce the incidence rate and severity of dental caries in rats. Taking together, the developed VMT/ACP/Dextran composite nanosheets, which integrated the excellent properties of VMT, ACP and dextran, can effectively prevent dental caries through a combination of factors such as buffering acids, antibacterial properties, and promoting calcification, and may be used as an active ingredient for daily oral hygiene or filling materials to prevent and treat dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Xu
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Juan Mou
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
| | - Jiewen Dai
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Hu W, Chen S, Zou X, Chen Y, Luo J, Zhong P, Ma D. Oral microbiome, periodontal disease and systemic bone-related diseases in the era of homeostatic medicine. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00362-X. [PMID: 39159722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homeostasis is a state of self-regulation and dynamic equilibrium, maintaining the good physiological functions of each system in living organisms. In the oral cavity, the interaction between the host and the oral microbiome forms oral microbial homeostasis. Physiological bone remodeling and renewal can occur under the maintenance of oral microbial homeostasis. The imbalance of bone homeostasis is a key mechanism leading to the occurrence of systemic bone-related diseases. Considering the importance of oral microbial homeostasis in the maintenance of bone homeostasis, it still lacks a complete understanding of the relationship between oral microbiome, periodontal disease and systemic bone-related diseases. AIM OF REVIEW This review focuses on the homeostatic changes, pathogenic routes and potential mechanisms in the oral microbiome in periodontal disease and systemic bone-related diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and osteomyelitis. Additionally, this review discusses oral microbiome-based diagnostic approaches and explores probiotics, mesenchymal stem cells, and oral microbiome transplantation as promising treatment strategies. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review highlights the association between oral microbial homeostasis imbalance and systemic bone-related diseases, and highlights the possibility of remodeling oral microbial homeostasis for the prevention and treatment of systemic bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Hu
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Shuoling Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Xianghui Zou
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Jiayu Luo
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Peiliang Zhong
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No 366 Jiangnan Avenue South, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510280, China.
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Chung RS, Wong S, Lin D, Kokot NC, Sinha UK, Han AY. Mechanisms of crosstalk between the oropharyngeal microbiome and human papillomavirus in oropharyngeal carcinogenesis: a mini review. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1425545. [PMID: 39211550 PMCID: PMC11357953 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1425545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer globally. Notably, human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is on the rise, accounting for 70% of all OPSCC cases. Persistent high-risk HPV infection is linked to various cancers, but HPV infection alone is not sufficient to cause cancer. Advances in next-generation sequencing have improved our understanding of changes in the human microbiome of cancerous environments. Yet, there remains a dearth of knowledge on the impact of HPV-microbiome crosstalk in HPV-positive OPSCC. In this review, we examine what is known about the oropharyngeal microbiome and the compositional shifts in this microbiome in HPV-positive OPSCC. We also review potential mechanisms of crosstalk between HPV and specific microorganisms. Additional research is needed to understand these interactions and their roles on cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Albert Y. Han
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Li L, Long X, Shao L. Comprehensive airway management of ventilator-associated pneumonia in ICU populations. Am J Transl Res 2024; 16:4225-4233. [PMID: 39262703 PMCID: PMC11384386 DOI: 10.62347/auib5552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the validity of comprehensive airway management intervention on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in ICU patients requiring mechanical ventilation. METHODS In this retrospective observational study, the clinical data from 120 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in the ICU of Hebei Chest Hospital from May 2020 to July 2022 were surveyed. Finally, 50 cases of VAP were identified and placed into an observation (n=25) and a control group (n=25) according to the nursing model they received. The control group was treated with routine nursing intervention, and the observation group was given comprehensive airway management intervention based on the control group. After 3 weeks of intervention, the clinical symptom recovery time, treatment-related indexes, nursing quality and nursing satisfaction score, and blood gas indexes and vital signs of the patients in the two groups were examined. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors related to the death of critically ill patients. RESULTS The observation group showed a significant reduction in the recovery time of heart failure, wheezing cough, and lung rales compared with that in the control group. The duration of mechanical ventilation, hospitalization, and antibiotic use in the observation group were appreciably shorter compared with those in the control group (all P<0.05). Additionally, nursing satisfaction and nursing quality scores were higher in the observation group compared to the control group (P<0.05). The contrast of blood gas indexes and vital signs between the two groups before ventilation and 1 hour after evacuation ventilation showed that a statistical significance existed in the interaction between groups (P<0.05). The risk factors related to the death of critically ill patients included D-dimer (OR=1.051, 95% CI: 1.006-1.08, P<0.05) and lactic acid (OR=0.894, 95% CI: 0.923-1.031, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Comprehensive airway management mode can reduce the occurrence of VAP in ICU patients requiring mechanical ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hebei Chest Hospital Shijiazhuang 050041, Hebei, China
| | - Xuejuan Long
- Department of Emergency, Hebei Chest Hospital Shijiazhuang 050041, Hebei, China
| | - Lijiao Shao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Hebei Chest Hospital Shijiazhuang 050041, Hebei, China
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21
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Xu J, Wu D, Yang J, Zhao Y, Liu X, Chang Y, Tang Y, Sun F, Zhao Y. Adult Outpatients with Long COVID Infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant. Part 1: Oral Microbiota Alterations. Am J Med 2024:S0002-9343(24)00489-3. [PMID: 39151680 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many individuals experience long COVID after SARS-CoV-2 infection. As microbiota can influence health, it may change with COVID-19. This study investigated differences in oral microbiota between COVID-19 patients with and without long COVID. METHODS Based on a prospective follow-up investigation, this nested case-control study evaluated the differences in oral microbiota in individuals with and without long COVID (Symptomatic and Asymptomatic groups), which were assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing on tongue coating samples. A predictive model was established using machine learning based on specific differential microbial communities. RESULTS One-hundred-and-eight patients were included (n=54 Symptomatic group). The Symptomatic group had higher Alpha diversity indices (observed_otus, Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson indices), differences in microbial composition (Beta diversity), and microbial dysbiosis with increased diversity and relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria. Marker bacteria (c__Campylobacterota, o__Coriobacteriales, o__Pseudomonadales, and o__Campylobacterales) were associated with long COVID by linear discriminant analysis effect size and receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC 0.821). CONCLUSION There were distinct variations in oral microbiota between COVID-19 patients with and without long COVID. Changes in oral microbiota may indicate long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianchao Xu
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China; Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Di Wu
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China; The Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yinuo Zhao
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Xuzhao Liu
- Handan Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Handan, China
| | - Yingying Chang
- The Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yao Tang
- Wuhan Metware Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yubin Zhao
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China; Shijiazhuang People's Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China; Shijiazhuang College of Applied Technology, China.
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22
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AlShammari A, AlSaleh S, AlKandari A, AlSaqabi S, AlJalahmah D, AlSulimmani W, AlDosari M, AlHazmi H, AlQaderi H. The association between dental caries and serum crp in the us adult population: evidence from NHANES 2015-2018. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2210. [PMID: 39143473 PMCID: PMC11323639 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19681-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, affecting 29.4% of the global population. Despite numerous efforts to diagnose, predict, and prevent dental caries, the incidence continues to rise. Salivary biomarkers provide a non-invasive means for early detection of various oral conditions. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a key marker, elevated in both oral and general inflammatory conditions such as diabetes, periodontitis and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Considering the emerging connection between oral and systemic health, it is worth exploring the various factors associated with this widespread disease. This study investigates the association between CRP levels and dental caries in the United States population, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS The study analyzed data from the 2015-2018 NHANES cycles, focusing on a nationally representative sample of individuals aged 30 years and above. Weighted multivariable negative binomial and logistic regression analyses were employed to explore the relationship between dental caries and CRP levels, adjusting for age, gender, race, education level, diabetes status, and gum disease. RESULTS The results of the negative binomial regression analysis demonstrated a positive association between higher CRP levels and an increased mean number of dental caries (Adjusted Mean Ratio [AMR] = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.3 - 2; P: < 0.001). The logistic regression analysis showed that individuals with higher CRP levels have a 50% increase in the odds of developing dental caries (AOR: 1.5, CI: 1.2 - 1.9; P: < 0.01). CONCLUSION The results of this cross-sectional study of the U.S. population highlight the positive association between high CRP levels and increased dental caries. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the integration of oral and systemic health care. Further research is necessary to deepen our understanding of the mechanistic relationship between CRP levels and dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah AlShammari
- Ministry of Health Kuwait, Jamal Abdel Nasser Street, Sulaibikhat, 13001, Kuwait.
| | - Saleh AlSaleh
- Ministry of Health Kuwait, Jamal Abdel Nasser Street, Sulaibikhat, 13001, Kuwait
| | - Abdulaziz AlKandari
- Ministry of Health Kuwait, Jamal Abdel Nasser Street, Sulaibikhat, 13001, Kuwait
| | - Sara AlSaqabi
- Ministry of Health Kuwait, Jamal Abdel Nasser Street, Sulaibikhat, 13001, Kuwait
| | - Dalal AlJalahmah
- Ministry of Health Kuwait, Jamal Abdel Nasser Street, Sulaibikhat, 13001, Kuwait
| | - Woroud AlSulimmani
- Ministry of Health Kuwait, Jamal Abdel Nasser Street, Sulaibikhat, 13001, Kuwait
| | - Muath AlDosari
- College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hesham AlHazmi
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hend AlQaderi
- Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Sharq, Kuwait
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Ye D, Liu Y, Li J, Zhou J, Cao J, Wu Y, Wang X, Fang Y, Ye X, Zou J, Ma Q. Competitive dynamics and balance between Streptococcus mutans and commensal streptococci in oral microecology. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39132685 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2024.2389386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Dental caries, as a biofilm-related disease, is closely linked to dysbiosis in microbial ecology within dental biofilms. Beyond its impact on oral health, bacteria within the oral cavity pose systemic health risks by potentially entering the bloodstream, thereby increasing susceptibility to bacterial endocarditis, among other related diseases. Streptococcus mutans, a principal cariogenic bacterium, possesses virulence factors crucial to the pathogenesis of dental caries. Its ability to adhere to tooth surfaces, produce glucans for biofilm formation, and metabolize sugars into lactic acid contributes to enamel demineralization and the initiation of carious lesions. Its aciduricity and ability to produce bacteriocins enable a competitive advantage, allowing it to thrive in acidic environments and dominate in changing oral microenvironments. In contrast, commensal streptococci, such as Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus gordonii, and Streptococcus salivarius, act as primary colonizers and compete with S. mutans for adherence sites and nutrients during biofilm formation. This competition involves the production of alkali, peroxides, and antibacterial substances, thereby inhibiting S. mutans growth and maintaining microbial balance. This dynamic interaction influences the balance of oral microbiota, with disruptions leading to shifts in microbial composition that are marked by rapid increases in S. mutans abundance, contributing to the onset of dental caries. Thus, understanding the dynamic interactions between commensal and pathogenic bacteria in oral microecology is important for developing effective strategies to promote oral health and prevent dental caries. This review highlights the roles and competitive interactions of commensal bacteria and S. mutans in oral microecology, emphasizing the importance of maintaining oral microbial balance for health, and discusses the pathological implications of perturbations in this balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuwen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingchen Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qizhao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Dey A, Khan MAS, Eva FN, Islam T, Hawlader MDH. Self-perceived halitosis and associated factors among university students in Dhaka, Bangladesh. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:909. [PMID: 39113016 PMCID: PMC11308408 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04586-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bad breath (halitosis) is a common problem affecting psycho-social wellbeing of young people. We aimed to explore the extent of self-perceived halitosis and associated factors among university students in Dhaka, Bangladesh. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among university students from November 2021 to April 2022. Six private and two public universities were approached. A total of 318 participants were conveniently selected for the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Students unwilling to participate were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors associated with halitosis. Statistical analysis was conducted using Stata Version 17. RESULTS A total of 55.97% of students had self-perceived halitosis, with females (74.53%) having a significantly higher proportion than males (36.94%) (p < 0.001). A significantly higher proportion of halitosis was found among participants who were overweight ( 61%), had obesity (60.77%), smoked cigarette (46.79%), consumed alcohol (71.43%), lacked exercise (66.29%), were on unhealthy diet (57.35%), consumed coffee/tea (61.35%), breathed through mouth (64.60%), brushed tooth infrequently (85.71%), changed toothbrush after 6 months (77.42%), did not use toothpaste (94.74%), did not use/ sometimes used fluoride toothpaste (75.76%), lacked dental floss use (60.85%), did not use toothpick (62.87%), did chew or sometimes chewed sugar-free chewing gum (75.82%), did not clear / cleaned tongue sometimes (76.14%), did use mouth freshener regularly or occasionally (64.97%), did not use or used mouthwash sometimes (58.87%) were also associated with higher self-perceived halitosis (p < 0.05 for all). Students with gum bleeding, swollen gums, dry mouth, dental caries, food accumulation, and tooth sensitivity had a significantly (p < 0.05 for all) higher proportion of self-perceived halitosis (76.85%, 81.82%, 72.50%, 67.78%, 64.13% and 67.40%, respectively) compared to those without this problem. Being female (OR = 5.04; 95% CI: 2.01-12.62; p < 0.001), alcohol consumers (OR 7.35; 95% CI: 1.77-30.50; p = 0.006); not using sugar free chewing gum (OR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.10-0.58; p = 0.001), lack of tongue cleaning (OR 4.62; 95% CI: 2.16-9.84; p < 0.001), and gum bleeding (OR = 7.43; 95% CI: 3.00-18.35; p < 0.001) were independently associated with halitosis on multivariable regression. CONCLUSION This study reveals a high proportion of self-perceived halitosis and relevant factors. There should be more public education on the causes of halitosis and potential management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annesha Dey
- Department of Public Health, School of Health and Life Sciences, North South University, Plot# 15, Block# B, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
- Public Health Promotion and Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abdullah Saeed Khan
- Public Health Promotion and Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
- National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Fahima Nasrin Eva
- Department of Public Health, School of Health and Life Sciences, North South University, Plot# 15, Block# B, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
- Public Health Promotion and Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Tariful Islam
- Department of Public Health, School of Health and Life Sciences, North South University, Plot# 15, Block# B, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
- Public Health Promotion and Development Society (PPDS), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader
- Department of Public Health, School of Health and Life Sciences, North South University, Plot# 15, Block# B, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh.
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Pivrncova E, Buresova L, Kotaskova I, Videnska P, Andryskova L, Piler P, Janku P, Borek I, Bohm J, Klanova J, Budinska E, Borilova Linhartova P. Impact of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis on the oral and fecal bacteriomes of children in the first week of life. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18163. [PMID: 39107353 PMCID: PMC11303690 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68953-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is commonly used during C-section delivery and in Group B Streptococcus-positive women before vaginal delivery. Here, we primarily aimed to investigate the effect of IAP on the neonatal oral and fecal bacteriomes in the first week of life. In this preliminary study, maternal and neonatal oral swabs and neonatal fecal (meconium and transitional stool) swabs were selected from a pool of samples from healthy mother-neonate pairs participating in the pilot phase of CELSPAC: TNG during their hospital stay. The DNA was extracted and bacteriome profiles were determined by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (Illumina). In the final dataset, 33 mother-neonate pairs were exposed to antibiotics during C-section or vaginal delivery (cases; +IAP) and the vaginal delivery without IAP (controls, -IAP) took place in 33 mother-neonate pairs. Differences in alpha diversity (Shannon index, p=0.01) and bacterial composition (PERMANOVA, p<0.05) between the +IAP and -IAP groups were detected only in neonatal oral samples collected ≤48 h after birth. No significant differences between meconium bacteriomes of the +IAP and -IAP groups were observed (p>0.05). However, the IAP was associated with decreased alpha diversity (number of amplicon sequence variants, p<0.001), decreased relative abundances of the genera Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium, and increased relative abundances of genera Enterococcus and Rothia (q<0.01 for all of them) in transitional stool samples. The findings of this study suggest that exposure to IAP may significantly influence the early development of the neonatal oral and gut microbiomes. IAP affected the neonatal oral bacteriome in the first two days after birth as well as the neonatal fecal bacteriome in transitional stool samples. In addition, it highlights the necessity for further investigation into the potential long-term health impacts on children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliska Pivrncova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Buresova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Kotaskova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
- BioVendor MDx, Karasek 1, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Videnska
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andryskova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Piler
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Janku
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Borek
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bohm
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Klanova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Budinska
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Borilova Linhartova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Shi Q, Cai Y, Wang X, Liu G, Luan Q. Nomogram prediction for periodontitis in Chinese pregnant women with different sociodemographic and oral health behavior characteristics: a community-based study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:891. [PMID: 39098909 PMCID: PMC11299256 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04640-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is associated with poor pregnancy outcomes, indicating periodontal health as an important health concern for pregnant women. Herein, this study identified risk indicators for periodontitis and developed a nomogram for predicting the risk of periodontitis in pregnancy by analyzing periodontitis and associated factors in pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted by including 438 pregnant women at 10-36 gestational weeks from Langfang, China. Pregnant women were examined for periodontal status, and their demographic, socioeconomic, and oral health behavior data were collected. Potential influencing factors of periodontitis were analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. A nomogram was developed, followed by the assessment of its validation and discriminatory abilities. RESULTS The prevalence of periodontitis was 59.8% in pregnant women. Periodontitis-associated variables in pregnant women were gestational age, non-first pregnancy, daily tooth brushing frequency of ≤ 1 before pregnancy, and annual frequency of periodontal treatment < 1 (including no periodontal treatment). The risk of periodontitis was positively associated with gestational age (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.17-1.39, p < 0.001). Pregnancy history showed a strong positive association (OR = 6.57, 95% CI = 1.22-35.43, p = 0.03). Daily tooth brushing frequency before pregnancy was also positively associated with periodontitis (OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.03-2.79, p = 0.05). Additionally, the annual frequency of periodontal treatment exhibited a positive association, with higher odds observed for those with less frequent treatment (OR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.25-4.14, p = 0.05; OR = 7.37, 95% CI = 3.04-22.06, p < 0.001). These four factors were used to develop a nomogram for predicting periodontitis in pregnant women. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the nomogram was 0.855 and 0.831 in the training and testing cohorts, respectively, reflecting the superior prediction accuracy of the nomogram. The calibration curve and decision curve analysis demonstrated the good performance and net benefit of the nomogram. CONCLUSION Risk factors for periodontitis in pregnant Chinese women include gestational age, non-first pregnancy, lower frequency of daily tooth brushing before pregnancy, and lower frequency of periodontal treatment. An easy-to-use nomogram with acceptable accuracy can allow for the prediction of periodontitis risk in pregnant Chinese women. CLINICAL RELEVANCE With the assistance of this nomogram, clinicians can evaluate the risk of periodontitis in pregnancy, thereby offering more tailored oral health education to women of reproductive age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Shi
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, 22 ZhongguancunNandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, 22 ZhongguancunNandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, 22 ZhongguancunNandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guojing Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, 22 ZhongguancunNandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qingxian Luan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, 22 ZhongguancunNandajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Lin TY, Wang PY, Lin CY, Hung SC. Association of the oral microbiome with cognitive function among older adults: NHANES 2011-2012. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100264. [PMID: 38772098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An association between the gut microbiome and cognitive function has been demonstrated in prior studies. However, whether the oral microbiome, the second largest microbial habitant in humans, has a role in cognition remains unclear. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS Using weighted data from the 2011 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we examined the association between oral microbial composition and cognitive function in older adults. The oral microbiome was characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Cognitive status was assessed using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease immediate recall and delayed recall, Animal Fluency Test, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Subjective memory changes over 12 months were also assessed. Linear and logistic regression models were conducted to quantify the association of α-diversity with different cognitive measurements controlling for potential confounding variables. Differences in β-diversity were analyzed using permutational analysis of variance. RESULTS A total of 605 participants aged 60-69 years were included in the analysis. Oral microbial α-diversity was significantly and positively correlated with DSST (β, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.01-4.84). Participants with higher oral microbial α-diversity were more likely to have better cognitive performance status based on DSST (adjusted odds ratio, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.28-4.30) and were less likely to experience subjective memory changes (adjusted odds ratio, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.25-0.74). In addition, β-diversity was statistically significant for the cognitive performance status based on DSST (P = 0.031) and subjective memory changes (P = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS Oral microbial composition was associated with executive function and subjective memory changes among older adults among older U.S. adults in a nationally representative population sample. Oral dysbiosis is a potential biomarker or therapeutic target for cognitive decline. Further work is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underpinning the association between the oral microbiome and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yun Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Wang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; PhD Program in Translational Medicine, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan International Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; PhD Program in Medical Neuroscience, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan; and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Szu-Chun Hung
- Division of Nephrology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Tansirichaiya S, Songsomboon K, Chaianant N, Lertsivawinyu W, Al‐Haroni M. Impact of cell lysis treatment before saliva metagenomic DNA extraction on the oral microbiome and the associated resistome. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e905. [PMID: 38938117 PMCID: PMC11211641 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The human oral microbiome, a complex ecosystem linked to oral and systemic health, harbors a diverse array of microbial populations, including antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). As a critical component of the One Health approach to tackle antibiotic resistance, comprehending the oral resistome's composition and diversity is imperative. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of chemical cell lysis treatment using MetaPolyzyme on the detectability of the oral microbiome, resistome, and DNA quality and quantity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Saliva samples were collected from five healthy individuals, and each of the samples was subjected to DNA extraction with and without the treatment with MetaPolyzyme. Through metagenomic sequencing, we analyzed, assessed, and compared the microbial composition, resistome, and DNA characteristics between both groups of extracted DNA. RESULTS Our study revealed that MetaPolyzyme treatment led to significant shifts in the detectability of microbial composition, favoring Gram-positive bacteria, notably Streptococcus, over Gram-negative counterparts. Moreover, the MetaPolyzyme treatment also resulted in a distinct change in ARG distribution. This shift was characterized by an elevated proportion of ARGs linked to fluoroquinolones and efflux pumps, coupled with a reduction in the prevalence of tetracycline and β-lactam resistance genes when compared with the nontreated group. Alpha diversity analysis demonstrated altered species and ARG distribution without affecting overall diversity, while beta diversity analysis confirmed significant differences in the taxonomical composition and oral resistome between treated and nontreated groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the critical role of cell lysis treatment in optimizing oral metagenomic studies and enhance our understanding of the oral resistome's dynamics in the context of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supathep Tansirichaiya
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health SciencesUiT the Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
- Centre for New Antimicrobial StrategiesUiT the Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Kittikun Songsomboon
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyAustralia
| | - Nichamon Chaianant
- Faculty of Dentistry and Research Unit in Mineralized Tissue ReconstructionThammasat UniversityPathumthaniThailand
| | - Wasawat Lertsivawinyu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Mohammed Al‐Haroni
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health SciencesUiT the Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
- Centre for New Antimicrobial StrategiesUiT the Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
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Xu W, Yu F, Addison O, Zhang B, Guan F, Zhang R, Hou B, Sand W. Microbial corrosion of metallic biomaterials in the oral environment. Acta Biomater 2024; 184:22-36. [PMID: 38942189 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
A wide variety of microorganisms have been closely linked to metal corrosion in the form of adherent surface biofilms. Biofilms allow the development and maintenance of locally corrosive environments and/or permit direct corrosion including pitting corrosion. The presence of numerous genetically distinct microorganisms in the oral environment poses a threat to the integrity and durability of the surface of metallic prostheses and implants used in routine dentistry. However, the association between oral microorganisms and specific corrosion mechanisms is not clear. It is of practical importance to understand how microbial corrosion occurs and the associated risks to metallic materials in the oral environment. This knowledge is also important for researchers and clinicians who are increasingly concerned about the biological activity of the released corrosion products. Accordingly, the main goal was to comprehensively review the current literature regarding oral microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) including characteristics of biofilms and of the oral environment, MIC mechanisms, corrosion behavior in the presence of oral microorganisms and potentially mitigating technologies. Findings included that oral MIC has been ascribed mostly to aggressive metabolites secreted during microbial metabolism (metabolite-mediated MIC). However, from a thermodynamic point of view, extracellular electron transfer mechanisms (EET-MIC) through pili or electron transfer compounds cannot be ruled out. Various MIC mitigating methods have been demonstrated to be effective in short term, but long term evaluations are necessary before clinical applications can be considered. Currently most in-vitro studies fail to simulate the complexity of intraoral physiological conditions which may either reduce or exacerbate corrosion risk, which must be addressed in future studies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A thorough analysis on literature regarding oral MIC (microbiologically influenced corrosion) of biomedical metallic materials has been carried out, including characteristics of oral environment, MIC mechanisms, corrosion behaviors in the presence of typical oral microorganisms and potential mitigating methods (materials design and surface design). There is currently a lack of mechanistic understanding of oral MIC which is very important not only to corrosion researchers but also to dentists and clinicians. This paper discusses the significance of biofilms from a biocorrosion perspective and summarizes several aspects of MIC mechanisms which could be caused by oral microorganisms. Oral MIC has been closely associated with not only the materials research but also the dental/clinical research fields in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Institute of Marine Corrosion Protection, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China.
| | - Fei Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266021, China.
| | - Owen Addison
- Centre for Oral Clinical Translational Science, Faculty of Dentistry Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Institute of Marine Corrosion Protection, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Fang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Institute of Marine Corrosion Protection, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Ruiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Institute of Marine Corrosion Protection, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Baorong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Institute of Marine Corrosion Protection, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 98 Daling Road, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Wolfgang Sand
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Biofilm Centre, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141 Essen, Germany
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Geng M, Li M, Li Y, Zhu J, Sun C, Wang Y, Chen W. A universal oral microbiome-based signature for periodontitis. IMETA 2024; 3:e212. [PMID: 39135686 PMCID: PMC11316925 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
We analyzed eight oral microbiota shotgun metagenomic sequencing cohorts from five countries and three continents, identifying 54 species biomarkers and 26 metabolic biomarkers consistently altered in health and disease states across three or more cohorts. Additionally, machine learning models based on taxonomic profiles achieved high accuracy in distinguishing periodontitis patients from controls (internal and external areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.86 and 0.85, respectively). These results support metagenome-based diagnosis of periodontitis and provide a foundation for further research and effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Geng
- Institution of Medical Artificial IntelligenceBinzhou Medical UniversityYantaiChina
- The Second School of Clinical MedicineBinzhou Medical UniversityYantaiChina
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular‐Imaging, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular‐Imaging, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular‐Imaging, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jiaying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular‐Imaging, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Chuqing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular‐Imaging, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yan Wang
- Institution of Medical Artificial IntelligenceBinzhou Medical UniversityYantaiChina
| | - Wei‐Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular‐Imaging, Center for Artificial Intelligence Biology, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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31
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Zhang X, Dong K, Zhang X, Kang Z, Sun B. Exploring gut microbiota and metabolite alterations in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy using high-throughput sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1413890. [PMID: 39135625 PMCID: PMC11317416 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1413890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is an autoimmune-driven orbital inflammatory disease. Despite research efforts, its exact pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to characterize the intestinal flora and metabolic changes in patients with TAO to identify the flora and metabolites associated with disease development. Methods Thirty patients with TAO and 29 healthy controls were included in the study. The intestinal flora and metabolites were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and non-targeted metabolomics technology, respectively. Fresh fecal samples were collected from both populations for analysis. Results Reduced gut richness and diversity were observed in patients with TAO. Compared to healthy controls, significant differences in relative abundance were observed in patients with TAO at the order level Clostridiales, family level Staphylococcaceae, genus level Staphylococcus, Fournierella, Eubacterium siraeum, CAG-56, Ruminococcus gnavus, Intestinibacter, Actinomyces, and Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003 (logFC>1 and P<0.05). Veillonella and Megamonas were closely associated with clinical symptoms in patients with TAO. Among the 184 significantly different metabolites, 63 were upregulated, and 121 were downregulated in patients with TAO compared to healthy controls. The biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids was the significantly enriched metabolic pathway. Correlation analysis revealed Actinomyces was positively correlated with NAGlySer 15:0/16:0, FAHFA 3:0/20:0, and Lignoceric Acid, while Ruminococcus gnavu was positively correlated with Cer 18:0;2O/16:0; (3OH) and ST 24:1;O4/18:2. Conclusion Specific intestinal flora and metabolites are closely associated with TAO development. Further investigation into the functional associations between these flora and metabolites will enhance our understanding of TAO pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiran Zhang
- Laboratory of Ophthalmic Microbiology, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Kui Dong
- Laboratory of Ophthalmic Microbiology, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Laboratory of Ophthalmic Microbiology, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhiming Kang
- Laboratory of Ophthalmic Microbiology, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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Wadop YN, Vasquez EL, Mathews JJ, Muhammad JAS, Mavarez RP, Satizabal C, Gonzales MM, Tanner J, Maestre G, Fonteh AN, Seshadri S, Kautz TF, Fongang B. Differential Patterns of Gut and Oral Microbiomes in Hispanic Individuals with Cognitive Impairment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.27.605455. [PMID: 39211240 PMCID: PMC11361189 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.27.605455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) have been associated with alterations in both oral and gut microbiomes. While extensive research has focused on the role of gut dysbiosis in ADRD, the contribution of the oral microbiome remains relatively understudied. Furthermore, the potential synergistic interactions between oral and gut microbiomes in ADRD pathology are largely unexplored. This study aims to evaluate distinct patterns and potential synergistic effects of oral and gut microbiomes in a cohort of predominantly Hispanic individuals with cognitive impairment (CI) and without cognitive impairment (NC). We conducted 16S rRNA gene sequencing on stool and saliva samples from 32 participants (17 CI, 15 NC; 62.5% female, mean age = 70.4 ± 6.2 years) recruited in San Antonio, Texas, USA. Correlation analysis through MaAslin2 assessed the relationship between participants' clinical measurements (e.g., fasting glucose and blood cholesterol) and their gut and saliva microbial contents. Differential abundance analysis evaluated taxa with significant differences between CI and NC groups, and alpha and beta diversity metrics assessed within-sample and group compositional differences. Our analyses revealed no significant differences between NC and CI groups in fasting glucose or blood cholesterol levels. However, a clear association was observed between gut microbiome composition and levels of fasting glucose and blood cholesterol. While alpha and beta diversity metrics showed no significant differences between CI and NC groups, differential abundance analysis revealed an increased presence of oral genera such as Dialister , Fretibacterium , and Mycoplasma in CI participants. Conversely, CI individuals exhibited a decreased abundance of gut genera, including Shuttleworthia , Holdemania , and Subdoligranulum , which are known for their anti-inflammatory properties. No evidence was found for synergistic contributions between oral and gut microbiomes in the context of ADRD. Our findings suggest that similar to the gut microbiome, the oral microbiome undergoes significant modifications as individuals transition from NC to CI. Notably, the identified oral microbes have been previously associated with periodontal diseases and gingivitis. These results underscore the necessity for further investigations with larger sample sizes to validate our findings and elucidate the complex interplay between oral and gut microbiomes in ADRD pathogenesis.
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Ge J, Li M, Yao J, Guo J, Li X, Li G, Han X, Li Z, Liu M, Zhao J. The potential of EGCG in modulating the oral-gut axis microbiota for treating inflammatory bowel disease. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155643. [PMID: 38820660 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurrent chronic intestinal disorder that includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Its pathogenesis involves intricate interactions between pathogenic microorganisms, native intestinal microorganisms, and the intestinal immune system via the oral-gut axis. The strong correlation observed between oral diseases and IBD indicates the potential involvement of oral pathogenic microorganisms in IBD development. Consequently, therapeutic strategies targeting the proliferation, translocation, intestinal colonization and exacerbated intestinal inflammation of oral microorganisms within the oral-gut axis may partially alleviate IBD. Tea consumption has been identified as a contributing factor in reducing IBD, with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) being the primary bioactive compound used for IBD treatment. However, the precise mechanism by which EGCG mediates microbial crosstalk within the oral-gut axis remains unclear. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the diverse oral microorganisms implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD and elucidate their colonization pathways and mechanisms. Subsequently, we investigated the antibacterial properties of EGCG and its potential to attenuate microbial translocation and colonization in the gut, emphasizing its role in attenuating exacerbations of IBD. We also elucidated the toxic and side effects of EGCG. Finally, we discuss current strategies for enhancing EGCG bioavailability and propose novel multi-targeted nano-delivery systems for the more efficacious management of IBD. This review elucidates the role and feasibility of EGCG-mediated modulation of the oral-gut axis microbiota in the management of IBD, contributing to a better understanding of the mechanism of action of EGCG in the treatment of IBD and the development of prospective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Ge
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jingwen Yao
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jinling Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiankuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; College of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiangli Han
- Department of Geriatric, Fourth Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent and Green Pharmaceuticals for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 236 Baidi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Equipment, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent and Green Pharmaceuticals for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Talapko J, Juzbašić M, Meštrović T, Matijević T, Mesarić D, Katalinić D, Erić S, Milostić-Srb A, Flam J, Škrlec I. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: From the Oral Cavity to the Heart Valves. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1451. [PMID: 39065217 PMCID: PMC11279289 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetecomitans) is a Gram-negative bacterial species that is an essential component of the oral microbiota. Due to its aggregative properties, it plays a role in the pathogenesis of human diseases. The presence of the surface proteins Fim, Briae, and microvesicles enables the bacterium to adhere to the epithelial surface and the tooth's surface. The presence of leukotoxin A (LtxA), which plays an important role in the pathogenicity of the bacterium, has been associated with both periodontitis and the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A. actinomycetecomitans is also associated with several other systemic diseases and complications, such as endocarditis and different abscesses. In addition to leukotoxin A, A. actinomycetecomitans possesses several different virulence factors, including bacteriocins, chemotaxis inhibitory factors, cytotoxic factors, Fc-binding proteins, immunosuppressive factors, lipopolysaccharide collagenase, fibroblast inhibitory factors, antibiotic resistance determinants, adhesins, invasive factors and factors that inhibit the function of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The ability of A. actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide to induce macrophages to secrete the interleukins IL-1, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is of considerable importance. The primary etiologic factor in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease is the oral biofilm colonized by anaerobic bacteria. Among these, A. actinomycetemcomitans occupies an important place as a facultative anaerobic bacterium. In addition, A. actinomycetemcomitans possesses many virulence factors that contribute to its potential to cause cancer. This article provides an overview of the virulence factors of A. actinomycetecomitans and its association with various systemic diseases, its oncogenic potential, and the treatment options for infections caused by A. actinomycetecomitans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasminka Talapko
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (D.K.)
| | - Martina Juzbašić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (D.K.)
| | - Tomislav Meštrović
- University Centre Varaždin, University North, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department for Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Tatjana Matijević
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (D.K.)
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Dora Mesarić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (D.K.)
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Darko Katalinić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (D.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Suzana Erić
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (D.K.)
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Andrea Milostić-Srb
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (D.K.)
| | - Josipa Flam
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital Center Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ivana Škrlec
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia (D.K.)
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Chew RJJ, Tan KS, Chen T, Al-Hebshi NN, Goh CE. Quantifying periodontitis-associated oral dysbiosis in tongue and saliva microbiomes-An integrated data analysis. J Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 39007741 DOI: 10.1002/jper.24-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is primarily driven by subgingival biofilm dysbiosis. However, the quantification and impact of this periodontal dysbiosis on other oral microbial niches remain unclear. This study seeks to quantify the dysbiotic changes in tongue and salivary microbiomes resulting from periodontitis by applying a clinically relevant dysbiosis index to an integrated data analysis. METHODS The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database was searched to identify BioProjects with published studies on salivary and tongue microbiomes of healthy and periodontitis subjects. Raw sequence datasets were processed using a standardized bioinformatic pipeline and categorized by their ecological niche and periodontal status. The subgingival microbial dysbiosis index (SMDI), a dysbiosis index originally developed using the subgingival microbiome, was computed at species and genus levels and customized for each niche. Its diagnostic accuracy for periodontitis was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS Four studies, contributing 328 microbiome samples, were included. At both species and genus levels, periodontitis samples had a higher SMDI, but the differences were only significant for subgingival biofilm and saliva (p < 0.001). However, SMDI showed good diagnostic accuracy for periodontitis status for all three niches (area under curve ranging from 0.76 to 0.90, p < 0.05). The dysbiosis index of subgingival biofilm was positively correlated with saliva consistently (p < 0.001) and with the tongue at the genus level (p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS While the impact on the tongue microbiome requires further investigation, periodontitis-associated dysbiosis affects the salivary microbiome and is quantifiable using the dysbiosis index. The diagnostic potential of salivary microbial dysbiosis as a convenient periodontal biomarker for assessing periodontal status has potential public health and clinical applications. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY Periodontitis, a severe inflammation of the gums which causes bone loss, is a disease caused by an imbalance of good and bad bacteria under the gums. However, it is unclear how this bacterial imbalance in the gums affects the bacterial balance of other distinct parts of the mouth, such as the saliva and tongue. This study uses bacteria datasets of four previously published studies, contributing a total of 328 bacterial samples. The data were processed using a uniform data analysis workflow, and a bacterial score, the subgingival microbial dysbiosis index (SMDI), previously shown to capture periodontitis-associated bacteria imbalance, was calculated separately for samples from under the gums, the saliva, and the tongue. The SMDI was able to distinguish between health and periodontitis within each oral location, and in general, the scores were higher for periodontitis samples, though this difference was significant only for bacteria under the gums and in saliva. Saliva scores were also consistently correlated with bacteria under the gums. This study shows that periodontitis-associated bacterial imbalances are observed in oral locations beyond just under the gums, particularly the saliva. Thus, saliva bacteria may be used as a convenient biomarker for assessing gum disease, allowing for potential public health and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Jie Jacob Chew
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai Soo Tan
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tsute Chen
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nezar Noor Al-Hebshi
- Oral Microbiome Research Laboratory, Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Charlene Enhui Goh
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Griffith A, Chande C, Kulkarni S, Morel J, Cheng YH, Shimizu E, Cugini C, Basuray S, Kumar V. Point-of-care diagnostic devices for periodontitis - current trends and urgent need. SENSORS & DIAGNOSTICS 2024; 3:1119-1134. [PMID: 39007012 PMCID: PMC11238172 DOI: 10.1039/d3sd00317e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Point of care (POC) diagnostic devices provide a method for rapid accurate identification of disease through analysis of biologically relevant substances. This review focuses on the utility of POC testing for early detection of periodontitis, a critical factor in treating the disease. Accessing the oral cavity for biological sampling is less invasive when compared to other internal test sites, and oral fluids contain biomarkers indicative of periodontitis. The ease of access makes the mouth an excellent target location for the development of POC devices. In this review, accepted standards in industry by which these devices must adhere, provided by the World Health Organization such as REASSURED and CLIA, are discussed. An overview is provided for many periodontal biomarkers currently being investigated as a means of predicting periodontal disease and its progression. POC devices currently being investigated for the identification and monitoring of periodontal disease such as paper-based and lab-on-a-chip based devices are outlined. Limitations of current POC devices on the market are provided and future directions in leveraging biomarkers as an adjunctive method for oral diagnosis along with AI-based analysis systems are discussed. Here, we present the ESSENCE sensor platform, which combines a porous non-planar electrode with enhanced shear flow to achieve unprecedented sensitivity and selectivity. The combination of the ESENCE chip with an automated platform allows us to meet the WHO's ASSURED criteria. This platform promises to be an exciting POC candidate for early detection of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Griffith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Charmi Chande
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Sahitya Kulkarni
- Department of Biological Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Josuel Morel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Yu-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Emi Shimizu
- Department of Endodontics, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine Newark NJ 07103 USA
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine Newark NJ 07103 USA
| | - Carla Cugini
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine Newark NJ 07103 USA
| | - Sagnik Basuray
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ 07102 USA
- Department of Endodontics, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine Newark NJ 07103 USA
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Chen H, Peng L, Wang Z, He Y, Zhang X. Influence of METTL3 knockdown on PDLSC osteogenesis in E. coli LPS-induced inflammation. Oral Dis 2024; 30:3225-3238. [PMID: 37807890 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of METTL3 knockdown on osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) in the weak inflammation microenvironments, as well as the underlying mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS PDLSCs were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli (E. coli LPS), followed by quantification of METTL3. METTL3 expression was assessed using RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis in periodontitis. METTL3 knockdown PDLSCs were stimulated with or without E. coli LPS. The evaluation included proinflammatory cytokines, osteogenic markers, ALP activity, and mineralized nodules. Bioinformatics analysis and Western blot determined the association between METTL3 and the PI3K/Akt pathway. RESULTS METTL3 was overexpressed in periodontitis. METTL3 knockdown in PDLSCs reduced proinflammatory cytokines, osteogenic markers, ALP activity, and mineralized nodules in both environments. Bioinformatics analysis suggested a link between METTL3 and the PI3K/Akt pathway. METTL3 knockdown inhibited PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation. CONCLUSION METTL3 knockdown might inhibit osteogenesis in PDLSCs through the inactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Concomitant findings might shed novel light on the roles and potential mechanisms of METTL3 in the LPS-stimulated inflammatory microenvironments of PDLSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Chen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Limin Peng
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenxiang Wang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujuan He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Vegda HS, Patel B, Girdhar GA, Pathan MSH, Ahmad R, Haque M, Sinha S, Kumar S. Role of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Periodontitis: A Bidirectional Relationship. Cureus 2024; 16:e63775. [PMID: 39100036 PMCID: PMC11297857 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and periodontitis share common risk factors such as obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and dyslipidemia, which contribute to systemic inflammation. It has been suggested that a bidirectional relationship exists between NAFLD and periodontitis, indicating that one condition may exacerbate the other. NAFLD is characterized by excessive fat deposition in the liver and is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. There are several risk factors for the development of NAFLD, including gender, geriatric community, race, ethnicity, poor sleep quality and sleep deprivation, physical activity, nutritional status, dysbiosis gut microbiota, increased oxidative stress, overweight, obesity, higher body mass index (BMI), IR, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS), dyslipidemia (hypercholesterolemia), and sarcopenia (decreased skeletal muscle mass). This systemic inflammation can contribute to the progression of periodontitis by impairing immune responses and exacerbating the inflammatory processes in the periodontal tissues. Furthermore, individuals with NAFLD often exhibit altered lipid metabolism, which may affect oral microbiota composition, leading to dysbiosis and increased susceptibility to periodontal disease. Conversely, periodontitis has been linked to the progression of NAFLD through mechanisms involving systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Chronic periodontal inflammation can release pro-inflammatory cytokines and bacterial toxins into the bloodstream, contributing to liver inflammation and exacerbating hepatic steatosis. Moreover, periodontitis-induced oxidative stress may promote hepatic lipid accumulation and IR, further aggravating NAFLD. The interplay between NAFLD and periodontitis underscores the importance of comprehensive management strategies targeting both conditions. Lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise, a healthy diet, and proper oral hygiene practices are crucial for preventing and managing these interconnected diseases. Additionally, interdisciplinary collaboration between hepatologists and periodontists is essential for optimizing patient care and improving outcomes in individuals with NAFLD and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardika S Vegda
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Bhavin Patel
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Gaurav A Girdhar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Mohd Shabankhan H Pathan
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Rahnuma Ahmad
- Department of Physiology, Medical College for Women and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Mainul Haque
- Department of Research, Karnavati Scientific Research Center (KSRC) School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Susmita Sinha
- Department of Physiology, Enam Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
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Li X, Zhao Z, Guo S, Yang C, Gao Y, Li L, Ning K, Zhang Q, Zhou N, Zhang H, Li Y. Effects of toothpaste containing inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Probio-01 on plaque-induced gingivitis and dental plaque microbiota. Microb Pathog 2024; 192:106701. [PMID: 38754566 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Plaque-induced gingivitis is an inflammatory response in gingival tissues resulting from bacterial plaque accumulation at the gingival margin. Postbiotics can promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria and optimise the state of microbiota in the oral cavity. In this study, we investigated the effect of inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Probio-01 on plaque-induced gingivitis and the dental plaque microbiota. A total of 32 healthy gingival participants (Group N, using blank toothpaste for 3 months) and 60 patients with plaque-induced gingivitis (30 in Group F, using inactivated Probio-01 toothpaste for 3 months, and 30 in Group B, using blank toothpaste for 3 months, respectively) were recruited. Clinical indices, which included bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI), were used to assess the severity of gingivitis. Furthermore, 16SrDNA amplicon sequencing was used to explore changes in the gingival state and dental plaque microbiota in patients with plaque-induced gingivitis. The results showed that inactivated Probio-01 significantly reduced clinical indices of gingivitis, including BOP, GI, and PI, in participants with plaque-induced gingivitis and effectively relieved gingival inflammation, compared with that observed in the control group (group B). Inactivated Probio-01 did not significantly influence the diversity of dental plaque microbiota, but increased the relative abundance of dental plaque core bacteria, such as Leptotrichia and Fusobacterium (P < 0.05). Strong correlations were observed between the indices and abundance of dental plaque microbiota. Overall, the inactivated Probio-01 significantly reduced the clinical indices of gingivitis and effectively improved gingival inflammation in patients with plaque-induced gingivitis. The activity of inactivated Probio-01 against plaque-induced gingivitis was possibly mediated by its ability to regulate the dental plaque microbiota, as indicated by the close correlation between the plaque microbiota and clinical indices of gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Second Clinical Division, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Zhixin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chengcong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Health Products Technical Research & Development Center, Yunnanbaiyao Group Co. LTD, Kunming, China
| | - Lixian Li
- Department of Health Products Technical Research & Development Center, Yunnanbaiyao Group Co. LTD, Kunming, China
| | - Kegong Ning
- Department of Health Products Technical Research & Development Center, Yunnanbaiyao Group Co. LTD, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuxia Zhang
- Department of Health Products Technical Research & Development Center, Yunnanbaiyao Group Co. LTD, Kunming, China
| | - Ni Zhou
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Second Clinical Division, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, The Second Clinical Division, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China.
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Wang X, Le C, Jin X, Feng Y, Chen L, Huang X, Tian S, Wang Q, Ji J, Liu Y, Zhang H, Huang J, Ren Z. Estimating postmortem interval based on oral microbial community succession in rat cadavers. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31897. [PMID: 38882314 PMCID: PMC11177140 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The accurate estimation of the postmortem interval has been one of the crucial issues to be solved in forensic research, and it is influenced by various factors in the process of decay. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, forensic microbiology has become the major hot topic in forensic science, which provides new research options for postmortem interval estimation. The oral microbial community is one of the most diverse of microbiomes, ranking as the second most abundant microbiota following the gastrointestinal tract. It is remarkable that oral microorganisms have a significant function in the decay process of cadavers. Therefore, we collected outdoor soil to simulate the death environment and focused on the relationship between oral microbial community succession and PMI in rats above the soil. In addition, linear regression models and random forest regression models were developed for the relationship between the relative abundance of oral microbes and PMI. We also identified a number of microorganisms that may be important to estimate PMI, including: Ignatzschineria, Morganella, Proteus, Lysinibacillus, Pseudomonas, Globicatella, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, Rothia, Aerococcus, Staphylococcus, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Cuiyun Le
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoye Jin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuhang Feng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Shunyi Tian
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingyan Ji
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Yubo Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongling Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Zheng Ren
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, Guizhou, China
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Matera M, Guandalini S. How the Microbiota May Affect Celiac Disease and What We Can Do. Nutrients 2024; 16:1882. [PMID: 38931237 PMCID: PMC11206804 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is an autoimmune disease with a strong association with human leukocyte antigen (HLA), characterized by the production of specific autoantibodies and immune-mediated enterocyte killing. CeD is a unique autoimmune condition, as it is the only one in which the environmental trigger is known: gluten, a storage protein present in wheat, barley, and rye. How and when the loss of tolerance of the intestinal mucosa to gluten occurs is still unknown. This event, through the activation of adaptive immune responses, enhances epithelial cell death, increases the permeability of the epithelial barrier, and induces secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in the transition from genetic predisposition to the actual onset of the disease. While the role of gastrointestinal infections as a possible trigger has been considered on the basis of a possible mechanism of antigen mimicry, a more likely alternative mechanism appears to involve a complex disruption of the gastrointestinal microbiota ecosystem triggered by infections, rather than the specific effect of a single pathogen on intestinal mucosal homeostasis. Several lines of evidence show the existence of intestinal dysbiosis that precedes the onset of CeD in genetically at-risk subjects, characterized by the loss of protective bacterial elements that both epigenetically and functionally can influence the response of the intestinal epithelium leading to the loss of gluten tolerance. We have conducted a literature review in order to summarize the current knowledge about the complex and in part still unraveled dysbiosis that precedes and accompanies CeD and present some exciting new data on how this dysbiosis might be prevented and/or counteracted. The literature search was conducted on PubMed.gov in the time frame 2010 to March 2024 utilizing the terms "celiac disease and microbiota", "celiac disease and microbiome", and "celiac disease and probiotics" and restricting the search to the following article types: Clinical Trials, Meta-Analysis, Review, and Systematic Review. A total of 364 papers were identified and reviewed. The main conclusions of this review can be outlined as follows: (1) quantitative and qualitative changes in gut microbiota have been clearly documented in CeD patients; (2) intestinal microbiota's extensive and variable interactions with enterocytes, viral and bacterial pathogens and even gluten combine to impact the inflammatory immune response to gluten and the loss of gluten tolerance, ultimately affecting the pathogenesis, progression, and clinical expression of CeD; (3) gluten-free diet fails to restore the eubiosis of the digestive tract in CeD patients, and also negatively affects microbial homeostasis; (4) new tools allowing targeted microbiota therapy, such as the use of probiotics (a good example being precision probiotics like the novel strain of B. vulgatus (20220303-A2) begin to show exciting potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosaria Matera
- Pediatric Clinical Microbiomics Service, Misericordia Hospital, Via Senese 161, 58100 Grosseto, Italy;
| | - Stefano Guandalini
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Celiac Disease Center, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Ave. MC 4065, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Rothenberger CM, Yu M, Kim HM, Cheung YW, Chang YW, Davey ME. An outer membrane vesicle specific lipoprotein promotes Porphyromonas gingivalis aggregation on red blood cells. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2024; 7:100249. [PMID: 38974668 PMCID: PMC11225709 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis uses a variety of mechanisms to actively interact with and promote the hydrolysis of red blood cells (RBCs) to obtain iron in the form of heme. In this study, we investigated the function of lipoprotein PG1881 which was previously shown to be up-regulated during subsurface growth and selectively enriched on outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Our results show that wildtype strain W83 formed large aggregates encompassing RBCs whereas the PG1881 deletion mutant remained predominately as individual cells. Using a PG1881 antibody, immunofluorescence revealed that the wildtype strain's aggregation to RBCs involves an extracellular matrix enriched with PG1881. Our findings discover that RBCs elicit cell aggregation and matrix formation by P. gingivalis and that this process is promoted by an OMV-specific lipoprotein. We propose this strategy is advantageous for nutrient acquisition as well as dissemination from the oral cavity and survival of this periodontal pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Rothenberger
- Department of Microbiology, ADA Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Oral Microbiology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Manda Yu
- Department of Microbiology, ADA Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hey-Min Kim
- Department of Microbiology, ADA Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Yee-Wai Cheung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Institute of Structural Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary Ellen Davey
- Department of Microbiology, ADA Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
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Ashford JR. Impaired oral health: a required companion of bacterial aspiration pneumonia. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2024; 5:1337920. [PMID: 38894716 PMCID: PMC11183832 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2024.1337920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Laryngotracheal aspiration has a widely-held reputation as a primary cause of lower respiratory infections, such as pneumonia, and is a major concern of care providers of the seriously ill orelderly frail patient. Laryngeal mechanical inefficiency resulting in aspiration into the lower respiratory tract, by itself, is not the cause of pneumonia. It is but one of several factors that must be present simultaneously for pneumonia to develop. Aspiration of oral and gastric contentsoccurs often in healthy people of all ages and without significant pulmonary consequences. Inthe seriously ill or elderly frail patient, higher concentrations of pathogens in the contents of theaspirate are the primary catalyst for pulmonary infection development if in an immunocompromised lower respiratory system. The oral cavity is a complex and ever changing eco-environment striving to maintain homogeneity among the numerous microbial communities inhabiting its surfaces. Poor maintenance of these surfaces to prevent infection can result inpathogenic changes to these microbial communities and, with subsequent proliferation, can altermicrobial communities in the tracheal and bronchial passages. Higher bacterial pathogen concentrations mixing with oral secretions, or with foods, when aspirated into an immunecompromised lower respiratory complex, may result in bacterial aspiration pneumonia development, or other respiratory or systemic diseases. A large volume of clinical evidence makes it clear that oral cleaning regimens, when used in caring for ill or frail patients in hospitals and long-term care facilities, drastically reduce the incidence of respiratory infection and death. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine oral health as a required causative companionin bacterial aspiration pneumonia development, and the effectiveness of oral infection control inthe prevention of this disease.
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Liu Q, Shi K, Bai Y, Yang F, Lei C, Wang X, Hu Y, Wang S, Wang R, Yu Y, Liu X, Yu X, Zhang L, Tang L, Li S, Meng Q. Biology of tongue coating in different disease stages of RA and its value in disease progression. Microb Pathog 2024; 191:106644. [PMID: 38616001 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess and compare the composition of tongue coating microbiota among patients at different stages of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS A total of 47 patients diagnosed with RA, as per the American College of Rheumatology criteria, and 10 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. The RA patients were stratified considering their Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28), a composite measure based on the 28 tender and swollen joint count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The study population was further categorized into active phase group (LMH group) and inactive phase group (RE group) according to their DAS28 values. DNA extraction was extracted from tongue coating samples. Subsequently, the V3-V4 16S rDNA region was selectively amplified and sequenced through high-throughput 16S rDNA analysis. The resulting data were then utilized to ascertain the microbial contents. RESULTS Significant variations were observed in the tongue coating microbiota of patients with RA during active and inactive phases, in comparison to healthy individuals (p < 0.05). At the genus level, the presence of Prevotellan, Veillonella, Rothia, and Neisseria in RA patients was notably more evident than in the healthy control (HC) group. These disparities find support in existing research on gut and oral microbiota. During the active phase of RA, the relative abundance of Veillonella, Rothia, and Neisseria in the tongue coating microbiota of patients was significantly higher than in those with inactive RA. These findings underscore the need for further and in-depth research on the potential impact of these microorganisms on the progression of RA disease. CONCLUSION The results substantiate the hypothesis that tongue coating microbes actively contribute to the progression of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kangle Shi
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yunjing Bai
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyan Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Lei
- School of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xiaocong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyao Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ruikun Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuefan Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Department of Nephropathy and Endocrinology, Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinping Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Ling Tang
- Nursing Department, DongFang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Suqian Li
- Department of Rheumatism, DongFang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qinggang Meng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Bernardoni BL, D'Agostino I, La Motta C, Angeli A. An insight into the last 5-year patents on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans, the pivotal pathogens in the oral cavity. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2024; 34:433-463. [PMID: 38684444 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2024.2349739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The oral cavity harbors an extensive array of over 700 microorganisms, forming the most complex biome of the entire human body, with bacterial species being the most abundant. Oral diseases, e.g. periodontitis and caries, are strictly associated with bacterial dysbiosis. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans stand out among bacteria colonizing the oral cavity. AREAS COVERED After a brief overview of the bacterial populations in the oral cavity and their roles in regulating (flora) oral cavity or causing diseases like periodontal and cariogenic pathogens, we focused our attention on P. gingivalis and S. mutans, searching for the last-5-year patents dealing with the proposal of new strategies to fight their infections. Following the PRISMA protocol, we filtered the results and analyzed over 100 applied/granted patents, to provide an in-depth insight into this R&D scenario. EXPERT OPINION Several antibacterial proposals have been patented in this period, from both chemical - peptides and small molecules - and biological - probiotics and antibodies - sources, along with natural extracts, polymers, and drug delivery systems. Most of the inventors are from China and Korea and their studies also investigated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, being beneficial to oral health through a prophylactic, protective, or curative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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de Barros Motta P, Gonçalves MLL, Gallo JMAS, Sobral APT, Motta LJ, Santos EM, de Andrade DJC, Duran CCG, Fernandes KPS, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Horliana ACRT, Bussadori SK. Evaluation of the Oral Microbiome before and after Treatments for Halitosis with Photodynamic Therapy and Probiotics-Pilot Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1123. [PMID: 38891198 PMCID: PMC11172044 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12111123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare photodynamic therapy and the use of probiotics in reducing halitosis assessed through gas chromatography and microbiome analysis. METHODS Participants aged from 18 to 25 years showing sulfide (SH2) ≥ 112 ppb on gas chromatography were selected. They were divided into four treatment groups: Group 1-Tongue Scraping; Group 2-Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT); Group 3-Probiotics; and Group 4-Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) and Probiotics. The halimetry process was performed before, immediately after the treatments, and 7 days, 14 days, and 30 days after the initial collection. The collections for later microbiological analysis were made along with the halimetry for microbiome analysis. RESULTS Treatment with aPDT or probiotics under these experimental conditions was not able to change the bacteria present in the biofilm of the tongue. CONCLUSIONS More research is needed to know the behavior of the oral microbiome in the presence of halitosis and the effectiveness of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamella de Barros Motta
- Post Graduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil; (P.d.B.M.); (L.J.M.); (C.C.G.D.); (K.P.S.F.); (R.A.M.-F.); (A.C.R.T.H.)
| | - Marcela Leticia Leal Gonçalves
- Post Graduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil; (P.d.B.M.); (L.J.M.); (C.C.G.D.); (K.P.S.F.); (R.A.M.-F.); (A.C.R.T.H.)
- Post Graduation Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES), Santos 11045-002, SP, Brazil; (M.L.L.G.); (A.P.T.S.); (E.M.S.)
| | | | - Ana Paula Taboada Sobral
- Post Graduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil; (P.d.B.M.); (L.J.M.); (C.C.G.D.); (K.P.S.F.); (R.A.M.-F.); (A.C.R.T.H.)
- Post Graduation Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES), Santos 11045-002, SP, Brazil; (M.L.L.G.); (A.P.T.S.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Lara Jansiski Motta
- Post Graduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil; (P.d.B.M.); (L.J.M.); (C.C.G.D.); (K.P.S.F.); (R.A.M.-F.); (A.C.R.T.H.)
| | - Elaine Marcílio Santos
- Post Graduation Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES), Santos 11045-002, SP, Brazil; (M.L.L.G.); (A.P.T.S.); (E.M.S.)
| | | | - Cinthya Cosme Gutierrez Duran
- Post Graduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil; (P.d.B.M.); (L.J.M.); (C.C.G.D.); (K.P.S.F.); (R.A.M.-F.); (A.C.R.T.H.)
| | - Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes
- Post Graduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil; (P.d.B.M.); (L.J.M.); (C.C.G.D.); (K.P.S.F.); (R.A.M.-F.); (A.C.R.T.H.)
| | - Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari
- Post Graduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil; (P.d.B.M.); (L.J.M.); (C.C.G.D.); (K.P.S.F.); (R.A.M.-F.); (A.C.R.T.H.)
| | - Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana
- Post Graduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil; (P.d.B.M.); (L.J.M.); (C.C.G.D.); (K.P.S.F.); (R.A.M.-F.); (A.C.R.T.H.)
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- Post Graduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo 01525-000, SP, Brazil; (P.d.B.M.); (L.J.M.); (C.C.G.D.); (K.P.S.F.); (R.A.M.-F.); (A.C.R.T.H.)
- Dentistry College, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES), Santos 11045-002, SP, Brazil
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Galeana-Cadena D, Ramirez-Martínez G, Alberto Choreño-Parra J, Silva-Herzog E, Margarita Hernández-Cárdenas C, Soberón X, Zúñiga J. Microbiome in the nasopharynx: Insights into the impact of COVID-19 severity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31562. [PMID: 38826746 PMCID: PMC11141365 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The respiratory tract harbors a variety of microbiota, whose composition and abundance depend on specific site factors, interaction with external factors, and disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 severity and the nasopharyngeal microbiome. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study in Mexico City, collecting nasopharyngeal swabs from 30 COVID-19 patients and 14 healthy volunteers. Microbiome profiling was performed using 16S rRNA gene analysis. Taxonomic assignment, classification, diversity analysis, core microbiome analysis, and statistical analysis were conducted using R packages. Results The microbiome data analysis revealed taxonomic shifts within the nasopharyngeal microbiome in severe COVID-19. Particularly, we observed a significant reduction in the relative abundance of Lawsonella and Cutibacterium genera in critically ill COVID-19 patients (p < 0.001). In contrast, these patients exhibited a marked enrichment of Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Peptostreptococcus, Atopobium, Granulicatella, Mogibacterium, Veillonella, Prevotella_7, Rothia, Gemella, Alloprevotella, and Solobacterium genera (p < 0.01). Analysis of the core microbiome across all samples consistently identified the presence of Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Streptococcus. Conclusions Our study suggests that the disruption of physicochemical conditions and barriers resulting from inflammatory processes and the intubation procedure in critically ill COVID-19 patients may facilitate the colonization and invasion of the nasopharynx by oral microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Galeana-Cadena
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Genética, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Ramirez-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Genética, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Alberto Choreño-Parra
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Genética, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eugenia Silva-Herzog
- Unidad de Vinculación Científica Facultad de Medicina UNAM-INMEGEN, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmen Margarita Hernández-Cárdenas
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y Dirección General, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Xavier Soberón
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Zúñiga
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Genética, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
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Zampolli J, De Giani A, Rossi M, Finazzi M, Di Gennaro P. Who inhabits the built environment? A microbiological point of view on the principal bacteria colonizing our urban areas. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1380953. [PMID: 38863750 PMCID: PMC11165352 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1380953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern lifestyle greatly influences human well-being. Indeed, nowadays people are centered in the cities and this trend is growing with the ever-increasing population. The main habitat for modern humans is defined as the built environment (BE). The modulation of life quality in the BE is primarily mediated by a biodiversity of microbes. They derive from different sources, such as soil, water, air, pets, and humans. Humans are the main source and vector of bacterial diversity in the BE leaving a characteristic microbial fingerprint on the surfaces and spaces. This review, focusing on articles published from the early 2000s, delves into bacterial populations present in indoor and outdoor urban environments, exploring the characteristics of primary bacterial niches in the BE and their native habitats. It elucidates bacterial interconnections within this context and among themselves, shedding light on pathways for adaptation and survival across diverse environmental conditions. Given the limitations of culture-based methods, emphasis is placed on culture-independent approaches, particularly high-throughput techniques to elucidate the genetic and -omic features of BE bacteria. By elucidating these microbiota profiles, the review aims to contribute to understanding the implications for human health and the assessment of urban environmental quality in modern cities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Patrizia Di Gennaro
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Chaudhary PP, Kaur M, Myles IA. Does "all disease begin in the gut"? The gut-organ cross talk in the microbiome. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:339. [PMID: 38771520 PMCID: PMC11108886 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The human microbiome, a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms within the body, plays pivotal roles in health and disease. This review explores site-specific microbiomes, their role in maintaining health, and strategies for their upkeep, focusing on oral, lung, vaginal, skin, and gut microbiota, and their systemic connections. Understanding the intricate relationships between these microbial communities is crucial for unraveling mechanisms underlying human health. Recent research highlights bidirectional communication between the gut and distant microbiome sites, influencing immune function, metabolism, and disease susceptibility. Alterations in one microbiome can impact others, emphasizing their interconnectedness and collective influence on human physiology. The therapeutic potential of gut microbiota in modulating distant microbiomes offers promising avenues for interventions targeting various disorders. Through interdisciplinary collaboration and technological advancements, we can harness the power of the microbiome to revolutionize healthcare, emphasizing microbiome-centric approaches to promote holistic well-being while identifying areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Prashant Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Mahaldeep Kaur
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ian A Myles
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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Lundtorp-Olsen C, Markvart M, Twetman S, Belstrøm D. Effect of Probiotic Supplements on the Oral Microbiota-A Narrative Review. Pathogens 2024; 13:419. [PMID: 38787271 PMCID: PMC11124442 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Data from systematic reviews and meta-analyses show that probiotics positively impact clinical parameters of oral diseases such as gingivitis, dental caries, and periodontitis. However, the working mechanism of probiotics is not fully understood, but is hypothesized to be mediated by direct and indirect interactions with the oral microbiota and the human host. In the present narrative review, we focused on the microbiological effect of probiotic supplements based on data retrieved from randomized clinical trials (RCTs). In addition, we assessed to what extent contemporary molecular methods have been employed in clinical trials in the field of oral probiotics. Multiple RCTs have been performed studying the potential effect of probiotics on gingivitis, dental caries, and periodontitis, as evaluated by microbial endpoints. In general, results are conflicting, with some studies reporting a positive effect, whereas others are not able to record any effect. Major differences in terms of study designs and sample size, as well as delivery route, frequency, and duration of probiotic consumption, hamper comparison across studies. In addition, most RCTs have been performed with a limited sample size using relatively simple methods for microbial identification, such as culturing, qPCR, and DNA-DNA checkerboard, while high-throughput methods such as 16S sequencing have only been employed in a few studies. Currently, state-of-the-art molecular methods such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metaproteomics have not yet been used in RCTs in the field of probiotics. The present narrative review revealed that the effect of probiotic supplements on the oral microbiota remains largely uncovered. One important reason is that most RCTs are performed without studying the microbiological effect. To facilitate future systematic reviews and meta-analyses, an internationally agreed core outcome set for the reporting of microbial endpoints in clinical trials would be desirable. Such a standardized collection of outcomes would most likely improve the quality of probiotic research in the oral context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniel Belstrøm
- Department of Odontology, Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (C.L.-O.); (M.M.); (S.T.)
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