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Kawano K, Ueno T, Maeda T, Nohara C, Maki K, Iwanaga K, Morinaga A, Funakoshi S, Abe M, Satoh A, Kawazoe M, Yoshimura C, Takahashi K, Tada K, Ito K, Yasuno T, Mukobara S, Kawanami D, Masutani K, Arima H. Relationship between abdominal circumference and the incidence of hyperuricemia in the general Japanese population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4573. [PMID: 38403743 PMCID: PMC10894858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to separately evaluate the relationship between waist circumference and the incidence of hyperuricemia in men and women in the general Japanese population. We performed a population-based longitudinal study using data from the annual health examination of residents of Iki City, Japan. A total of 5567 participants without hyperuricemia at baseline were included in the analysis. The men and women were placed into groups according to the tertile of waist circumference. The outcome was incident hyperuricemia (uric acid > 416 µmol/L [7.0 mg/dL]). The relationship between waist circumference and the incidence of hyperuricemia was investigated using Cox proportional hazards models. During the follow-up period, hyperuricemia developed in 697 people (551 men and 146 women). The incidence (per 1000 person-years) of hyperuricemia increased with increasing waist circumference in the men (34.9 for tertile 1, 49.9 for tertile 2 and 63.3 for tertile 3; Ptrend < 0.001) and women (5.5 for tertile 1, 6.3 for tertile 2 and 11.9 for tertile 3; Ptrend < 0.001). Significant associations were identified after adjustment for potential confounders (men: Ptrend < 0.001; women: Ptrend = 0.014). In conclusion, both men and women with larger waist circumferences were at higher risks of subsequent hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Kawano
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Tamami Ueno
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Maeda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Chihiro Nohara
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kaori Maki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Iwanaga
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Nursing, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Morinaga
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Funakoshi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Science, Junshin Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makiko Abe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Atsushi Satoh
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Miki Kawazoe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Chikara Yoshimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Koji Takahashi
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tada
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ito
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Yasuno
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Mukobara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki Prefecture Iki Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Daiji Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Masutani
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka City, Japan.
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Morinaga A, Iwanaga K, Maki K, Ueno T, Kawano K, Funakoshi S, Yamanokuchi T, Tsuji M, Abe M, Satoh A, Kawazoe M, Maeda T, Yoshimura C, Takahashi K, Tada K, Ito K, Yasuno T, Kawanami D, Masutani K, Arima H. Association between serum ALT levels and incidence of new-onset diabetes in general population of Japanese: a longitudinal observational study (ISSA-CKD). BMJ Open 2023; 13:e074007. [PMID: 37550028 PMCID: PMC10407361 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to clarify the relationship between serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels and incidence of new-onset diabetes in a Japanese general population. SETTING Population-based retrospective cohort study using annual health check-up data for residents of Iki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 5330 Japanese individuals (≥30 years old) without diabetes at baseline were analysed. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Serum ALT levels were determined using an enzymatic method and were classified into gender-specific quartile groups as follows: group 1 (3-16 U/L in men and 3-13 U/L in women), group 2 (17-21 U/L in men and 14-16 U/L in women), group 3 (22-29 U/L in men and 17-22 U/L in women) and group 4 (30-428 U/L in men and 23-268 U/L in women). The study outcome was the incidence of diabetes (fasting glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L, non-fasting glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L, glycated haemoglobin ≥6.5% or use of glucose-lowering therapies). RESULTS After an average follow-up period of 5.0 years, 279 individuals developed diabetes. The incidence rate of diabetes increased with elevation of serum ALT levels (0.7% per 100 person-years in group 1, 0.9% in group 2, 0.9% in group 3 and 1.7% in group 4) (p<0.001 for trend). This association was significant after adjustment for other risk factors including age, sex, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, smoking, current daily alcohol intake and regular exercise (p<0.001 for trend). Comparable associations were observed between men and women (p=0.459 for interaction). CONCLUSION Serum ALT levels were associated with future development of diabetes in the general Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Morinaga
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Iwanaga
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaori Maki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tamami Ueno
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kawano
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Funakoshi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Yamanokuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Science, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tsuji
- Department of Lifestyle and Welfare Information, Kindai University Kyushu Junior College, Iizuka, Japan
| | - Makiko Abe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Satoh
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miki Kawazoe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Maeda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chikara Yoshimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Takahashi
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tada
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ito
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Yasuno
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daiji Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Masutani
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Okutsu S, Kato Y, Takeoka H, Funakoshi S, Maeda T, Yoshimura C, Kawazoe M, Satoh A, Tada K, Takahashi K, Ito K, Yasuno T, Fujii H, Mukoubara S, Saku K, Kodama S, Kawanami D, Masutani K, Arima H, Nabeshima S. Elevation in white blood cell count and development of hyper LDL cholesterolemia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8292. [PMID: 37217577 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the relationship between white blood cell (WBC) count and incidence of hyper-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterolemia in a population-based longitudinal study. This is a retrospective study using data of annual health check-ups for residents of Iki City, Japan. A total of 3312 residents (≥ 30 years) without hyper-LDL cholesterolemia at baseline were included in this analysis. Primary outcome was incidence of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia (LDL cholesterol levels ≥ 3.62 mmol/L and/or use of lipid lowering drugs). During follow-up (average 4.6 years), 698 participants development of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia (incidence 46.8 per 1000 person-years). Higher incidence of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia was observed among participants with higher leukocyte count (1st quartile group: 38.5, 2nd quartile group: 47.7, 3rd quartile group: 47.3, and 4th quartile group: 52.4 per 1,000 person-years, P = 0.012 for trend). Statistically significant relation was observed even after adjustment for age, gender, smoking, alcohol intake, leisure-time exercise, obesity, hypertension and diabetes: hazard ratio 1.24 (95% confidence interval 0.99 to 1.54) for 2nd quartile group, 1.29 (1.03-1.62) for 3rd quartile group and 1.39 (1.10-1.75) for 4th quartile group, compared with 1st quartile group (P for trend = 0.006). Increased WBC count was related to incidence of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia in general Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Okutsu
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kato
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takeoka
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Funakoshi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Maeda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chikara Yoshimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miki Kawazoe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Satoh
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tada
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Takahashi
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ito
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Yasuno
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Fujii
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Keijiro Saku
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shohta Kodama
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daiji Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Masutani
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Nabeshima
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ding J, Zhou J, Wang K, Jiang Z, Xing W. Association of renal surface nodularity with arterial hypertension compared to normotensive patients. Acta Radiol 2023; 64:1222-1227. [PMID: 35686313 DOI: 10.1177/02841851221106597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal surface nodularity (RSN) is a subclinical biomarker of renal injury and may be associated with arterial hypertension. PURPOSE To explore the association of RSN with arterial hypertension compared to normotensive patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 205 inpatients with or without high blood pressure (HBP vs. control group) who underwent abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans were included. Their clinical characteristics included age, sex, HBP course, HBP grade, history of diabetes mellitus (DM), and renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]). The HBP group included HBP/+DM and HBP/-DM based on the presence or absence of DM. The CT-based RSN grade was scored from 0 to 2 by two radiologists, respectively, where RSN grade 0 indicated smooth renal surface, grade 1 was mild RSN, and grade 2 was marked RSN. RESULTS The inter-rater agreement on RSN was good (Kappa = 0.76). The age-specific rate of RSN grade 1-2 was bigger in the HBP group than in the control group (42.86% [40%-49.22%] vs. 2.18% [0.00%-22.5%]; P = 0.005). RSN grade was associated with HBP course (P < 0.02). The rates of RSN grade 1-2 and of RSN grade 2 were bigger in the HBP/+DM group than those in the HBP/-DM group (48.84% vs. 37.84%, and 18.61% vs. 1.35%, respectively; all P = 0.001). Neither HBP course nor HBP grade correlated with rate of RSN grade (P > 0.05). The eGFR was similar among the RSN grades in HBP or between the HBP and control groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION RSN was associated with HBP compared to normotensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiule Ding
- Department of Radiology, 117850Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Radiology, 117850Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, PR China
- Medical College of 12676Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Kaixiang Wang
- Department of Radiology, 567917Changzhou Wujin Peoples's Hospital, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Jiang
- Department of Radiology, 117850Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Radiology, 117850Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, PR China
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Yang X, Zhou B, Zhou L, Cui L, Zeng J, Wang S, Shi W, Zhang Y, Luo X, Xu C, Xue Y, Chen H, Chen S, Wang G, Guo L, Jose PA, Wilcox CS, Wu S, Wu G, Zeng C. Development and Validation of Prediction Models for Hypertensive Nephropathy, the PANDORA Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:794768. [PMID: 35360013 PMCID: PMC8960139 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.794768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ImportanceHypertension is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), but currently, those at risk are poorly identified.ObjectiveTo develop and validate a prediction model for the development of hypertensive nephropathy (HN).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIndividual data of cohorts of hypertensive patients from Kailuan, China served to derive and validate a multivariable prediction model of HN from 12, 656 individuals enrolled from January 2006 to August 2007, with a median follow-up of 6.5 years. The developed model was subsequently tested in both derivation and external validation cohorts.VariablesDemographics, physical examination, laboratory, and comorbidity variables.Main Outcomes and MeasuresHypertensive nephropathy was defined as hypertension with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria.ResultsAbout 8.5% of patients in the derivation cohort developed HN after a median follow-up of 6.5 years that was similar in the validation cohort. Eight variables in the derivation cohort were found to contribute to the risk of HN: salt intake, diabetes mellitus, stroke, serum low-density lipoprotein, pulse pressure, age, hypertension duration, and serum uric acid. The discrimination by concordance statistics (C-statistics) was 0.785 (IQR, 0.770-0.800); the calibration slope was 1.129, the intercept was –0.117; and the overall accuracy by adjusted R2 was 0.998 with similar results in the validation cohort. A simple points scale developed from these data (0, low to 40, high) detected a low morbidity of 7% in the low-risk group (0–10 points) compared with >40% in the high-risk group (>20 points).Conclusions and RelevanceA prediction model of HN over 8 years had high discrimination and calibration, but this model requires prospective evaluation in other cohorts, to confirm its potential to improve patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingqing Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liufu Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Weibin Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunmei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanzheng Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- Division of Renal Disease & Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Christopher S. Wilcox
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine and Center for Hypertension, Kidney and Vascular Health, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
- *Correspondence: Shouling Wu,
| | - Gengze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
- Gengze Wu,
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Cardiovascular Research Center of Chongqing College, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chunyu Zeng,
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Xiao H, Shao X, Gao P, Zou H, Zhang X. Metabolic Syndrome Components and Chronic Kidney Disease in a Community Population Aged 40 Years and Older in Southern China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:839-848. [PMID: 35321352 PMCID: PMC8935083 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s353305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the correlation between metabolic syndrome components and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among a community population aged 40 years and older in Southern China. PATIENTS AND METHODS From December 2017 to March 2018, 1969 participants (male n = 715, female n = 1254) aged 40 years and older were recruited in Southern China for a cross-sectional survey. A logistic regression model was established to analyze the correlation between metabolic syndrome components and CKD. RESULTS Among the 1969 subjects, 407 (20.7%) were CKD patients, including 152 males (prevalence rate 21.3%) and 255 females (prevalence rate 20.3%). Anthropometric data (waist circumference, age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure), serum/plasma data (serum creatinine, serum uric acid, fasting plasma glucose, C-reactive protein, serum triglyceride), urinary and other findings (body mass index, waist-to-hip and waist-to-height ratios, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) were significantly higher in patients with than without CKD (P < 0.05). Metabolic syndrome and at least some of its components were statistically significant risk factors for CKD in models with and without adjustment for diabetes, obesity and hypertension. CONCLUSION Metabolic syndrome and its single or combined components are independently associated with CKD in community populations aged 40 years and older. The correlation between some components and CKD remained significant in both non-diabetic and non-obese subjects. Correlations between components of metabolic syndrome and CKD show that it is feasible and necessary to carry out targeted screening and intervention tests in people aged 40 and over.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, People’s Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Shao
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peichun Gao
- Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hequn Zou
- Department of Nephrology, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, People’s Republic of China
- Hequn Zou, Department of Nephrology, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, People’s Republic of China, Tel +860755-21583803, Email
| | - Xinzhou Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xinzhou Zhang, Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 0755-25533018-3500, Fax +86 0755-25533497, Email
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Prabhakar P. Role of Indian fruits in the prevention and management of hypertension. JOURNAL OF THE PRACTICE OF CARDIOVASCULAR SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jpcs.jpcs_63_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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8
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Maeda T, Yokota S, Nishi T, Funakoshi S, Tsuji M, Satoh A, Abe M, Kawazoe M, Yoshimura C, Tada K, Takahashi K, Ito K, Yasuno T, Yamanokuchi T, Iwanaga K, Morinaga A, Maki K, Ueno T, Masutani K, Mukoubara S, Arima H. Association between pulse pressure and progression of chronic kidney disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23275. [PMID: 34857861 PMCID: PMC8640028 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02809-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between pulse pressure (PP) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression among the general population in Japan. We conducted a population-based cohort study of the residents of Iki Island, Nagasaki, Japan, from 2008 to 2018. We identified 1042 participants who had CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or the presence of proteinuria) at baseline. Cox's proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the association between PP and progression of CKD. During a 4.66-year mean follow-up, there were 241 cases of CKD progression (incident rate: 49.8 per 1000 person-years). A significant increase existed in CKD progression per 10 mmHg of PP elevation, even when adjusted for confounding factors [adjusted hazard ratio 1.17 (1.06-1.29) p < 0.001]. Similar results were obtained even after dividing PP into quartiles [Q2: 1.14 (0.74-1.76), Q3: 1.35 (0.88-2.06), Q4: 1.87 (1.23-2.83) p = 0.003 for trend]. This trend did not change significantly irrespective of baseline systolic or diastolic blood pressures. PP remained a potential predictive marker, especially for eGFR decline. In conclusion, we found a significant association between PP and CKD progression. PP might be a potential predictive marker for CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Maeda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Soichiro Yokota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takumi Nishi
- Department of Research Planning and Information Management, Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Funakoshi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tsuji
- Department of Lifestyle and Welfare Information, Kindai University Kyushu Junior College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Satoh
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Makiko Abe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Miki Kawazoe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Chikara Yoshimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Takahashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Yasuno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Yamanokuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medical Science, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuyo Iwanaga
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Akiko Morinaga
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kaori Maki
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Tamami Ueno
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kousuke Masutani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Mukoubara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki Prefecture Iki Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
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9
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Kawazoe M, Funakoshi S, Ishida S, Yoshimura C, Satoh A, Maeda T, Tsuji M, Yokota S, Tada K, Takahashi K, Ito K, Yasuno T, Fujii H, Okutsu S, Mukobara S, Kawanami D, Nabeshima S, Kondo S, Masutani K, Arima H. Effect of chronic kidney disease on the association between hyperuricemia and new-onset hypertension in the general Japanese population: ISSA-CKD study. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:2071-2077. [PMID: 34806282 PMCID: PMC8696210 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between serum uric acid (SUA) level and development of hypertension as well as the interaction effect of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on this relationship in the general Japanese population. We included 7895 participants aged ≥30 years from the ISSA‐CKD study, a population‐based retrospective cohort study that used annual health check‐up data of residents from Iki Island, Japan. After the exclusion of 1881 with l < 1‐year follow‐up, 2812 with hypertension at baseline, and 165 with missing information on SUA, a total of 3037 participants were enrolled in this analysis. Participants were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of SUA level at baseline, and multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios for new‐onset hypertension were calculated. Stratified analyses were performed for each subgroup (defined by sex, age, alcohol intake, and CKD) to assess the interaction effects. During a mean follow‐up period of 4.4 years, 943 participants developed hypertension. The first quartile group was set as the reference group, and the multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for new‐onset hypertension were 1.11 (0.90–1.36) in the second quartile, 1.25 (1.02–1.54) in the third quartile, and 1.35 (1.07–1.70) in the fourth quartile compared with those in the reference group (p = .007 for trend). The stratified analyses showed that the association between SUA and hypertension was significantly stronger in participants with CKD than in those without CKD (p = .035 for interaction). SUA level is an independent risk factor for new‐onset hypertension. This tendency was significantly stronger in participants with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Kawazoe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Funakoshi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chikara Yoshimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Satoh
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Maeda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tsuji
- Department of Lifestyle and Welfare Information, Kindai University Kyushu Junior College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Soichiro Yokota
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tada
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Takahashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Yasuno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Fujii
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shota Okutsu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of General Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Daiji Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Nabeshima
- Department of General Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiji Kondo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Masutani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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10
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Lee H, Kwon SH, Jeon JS, Noh H, Han DC, Kim H. Association between blood pressure and the risk of chronic kidney disease in treatment-naïve hypertensive patients. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2021; 41:31-42. [PMID: 34974658 PMCID: PMC8816410 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.21.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although hypertension is a well-known risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), the blood pressure (BP) at which antihypertensive interventions should be initiated remains to be determined. Therefore, we investigated the association between BP and CKD in treatment-naïve individuals. Methods This prospective cohort study considered 7,343 individuals in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study who were not taking antihypertensive medications. Subjects were categorized into six groups according to their systolic BP (SBP) and five groups according to their diastolic BP (DBP). The primary outcome was incident CKD, which was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or the development of proteinuria. The secondary outcome was incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). Results In the time-varying Cox models, the hazard ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) for CKD were 1.39 (1.10–1.77) with SBP 130–139 mmHg, 1.79 (1.40–2.28) with SBP 140–159 mmHg, and 3.22 (2.35–4.40) with SBP ≥ 160 mmHg, compared with SBP 100–119 mmHg. In addition, the hazard ratios (95% CI) for CKD were 1.88 (1.48–2.37) with DBP 90–99 mmHg and 4.30 (3.20–5.76) with DBP ≥ 100 mmHg, compared with DBP 70–79 mmHg. A significantly increased CVD risk was also observed in subjects with SBP ≥ 130 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg. Conclusion Our findings indicate that SBP ≥ 130 mmHg and DBP ≥ 90 mmHg are associated with an increased risk of CKD. Therefore, BP-lowering strategies should be considered starting at those thresholds to prevent CKD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haekyung Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hyo Kwon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Jeon
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Noh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Cheol Han
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungnae Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Hyonam Kidney Laboratory, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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He J, Li Z, Wang R, Nie H, Wang F, Yuan J, Miao X, Yao P, Wei S, Zhang X, Guo H, Yang H, Wu T, He M. Association of blood pressure and long-term change with chronic kidney disease risk among Chinese adults with different glucose metabolism according to the 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:2080-2088. [PMID: 34773360 PMCID: PMC8696214 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Whether the definition of hypertension according to 2017 AHA/ACC guidelines and blood pressure (BP) changes was related to the increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) remained debated. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association of BP and long‐term BP change with CKD risk with different glucose metabolism according to the new hypertension guidelines. This study examined 12 951 participants and 11 183 participants derived from the older people cohort study, respectively. Participants were divided into three groups based on blood glucose and the risks were assessmented by the logistic regression model. During a 10 years of follow‐up period, 2727 individuals developed CKD (21.1%). Compared with those with BP < 130/80 mmHg, individuals with increased BP levels had significantly increased risk of incident CKD. Participants with BP of 130–139/80–89 or ≥140/90 mmHg had 1.51‐ and 1.89‐fold incident risk of CKD in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Compared with individuals with stable BP (−5 to 5 mmHg), the risk of CKD was reduced when BP decreased by 5 mmHg or more and increased when BP increased ≥5 mmHg among normoglycemia and prediabetes participants. Similar results were observed for rapid estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline. In conclusion, the BP of 130–139/80–89 mmHg combined with prediabetes or DM had an increased risk of incident CKD and rapid eGFR decline in older people. Long‐term changes of BP by more than 5 mmHg among normoglycemia or prediabetes were associated with the risk of incident CKD and rapid eGFR decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ruixin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongli Nie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Handong Yang
- Dongfeng Central Hospital, Dongfeng Motor Corporation and Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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12
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Eating before bed and new-onset hypertension in a Japanese population: the Iki city epidemiological study of atherosclerosis and chronic kidney disease. Hypertens Res 2021; 44:1662-1667. [PMID: 34552209 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-021-00727-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between eating before bed and the development of hypertension in a general Japanese population. We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using annual health check-up data collected from the residents of Iki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. In total, 2930 participants without hypertension at baseline (mean age 57.0 years, male 42.8%) were included in the present analysis. Eating before bed was defined as eating within 2 h of bedtime. The outcome of this study was incident hypertension (blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or initiation of blood pressure-lowering medications). Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models. During an average follow-up of 4.5 years, 909 participants developed hypertension. The incidence (per 1000 person-years) of hypertension in the group of individuals who ate before bed was 82.8, whereas that in the group of individuals who did not eat before bed was 65.8. The association was significant even after adjusting for other risk factors, including age, sex, current smoking status, current alcohol intake, regular exercise, obesity, elevated blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, with a hazard ratio of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.05-1.44) for the group of individuals who ate before bed compared with the group of individuals who did not eat before bed (P = 0.01 for trend). Eating before bed was correlated with a future risk of developing hypertension in the general Japanese population.
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13
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Okutsu S, Kato Y, Funakoshi S, Maeda T, Yoshimura C, Kawazoe M, Satoh A, Yokota S, Tada K, Takahashi K, Ito K, Yasuno T, Fujii H, Mukoubara S, Nakashima H, Kawanami D, Masutani K, Arima H, Nabeshima S. Effects of Weight Gain after 20 Years of Age and Incidence of Hyper-Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterolemia: The Iki Epidemiological Study of Atherosclerosis and Chronic Kidney Disease (ISSA-CKD). J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10143098. [PMID: 34300264 PMCID: PMC8303188 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term weight gain from the age of 20 on incidence of hyper-low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterolemia in the general population of Japanese people. Methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using annual health checkup data for residents of Iki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. A total of 3179 adult (≥30 years old) men and women without hyper-LDL cholesterolemia at baseline, who underwent two or more health checkups were included in the analysis. Information on weight gain (≥10 kg) after 20 years of age was obtained using questionnaire. The outcome of this study was development of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia defined as LDL-cholesterol level ≥3.62 mmol/L and/or initiation of lipid-lowering medications. Results: During a mean follow-up period of 4.53 years, 665 of the 3179 participants developed hyper-LDL cholesterolemia (46.5/1000 person-years). The incidence of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia was higher in participants with a weight gain of ≥10 kg (55.3/1000 person-years) than among those with a weight gain of <10 kg (41.8/1000 person-years). This association remained statistically significant even after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, daily drinking, exercise, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes (multivariable hazard ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval 1.08–1.58, p = 0.006). Conclusion: A weight gain of ≥10 after 20 years of age affected the development of hyper-LDL cholesterol regardless of age, sex, and obesity in a general population of Japanese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Okutsu
- General Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.O.); (Y.K.); (S.N.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.F.); (T.M.); (C.Y.); (M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Yoshifumi Kato
- General Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.O.); (Y.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Shunsuke Funakoshi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.F.); (T.M.); (C.Y.); (M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Toshiki Maeda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.F.); (T.M.); (C.Y.); (M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Chikara Yoshimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.F.); (T.M.); (C.Y.); (M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Miki Kawazoe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.F.); (T.M.); (C.Y.); (M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Atsushi Satoh
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.F.); (T.M.); (C.Y.); (M.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Soichiro Yokota
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.T.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (T.Y.); (H.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Kazuhiro Tada
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.T.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (T.Y.); (H.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Koji Takahashi
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.T.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (T.Y.); (H.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Kenji Ito
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.T.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (T.Y.); (H.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Tetsuhiko Yasuno
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.T.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (T.Y.); (H.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Hideyuki Fujii
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (H.F.); (D.K.)
| | | | - Hitoshi Nakashima
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.T.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (T.Y.); (H.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Daiji Kawanami
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Mellitus, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (H.F.); (D.K.)
| | - Kosuke Masutani
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.Y.); (K.T.); (K.T.); (K.I.); (T.Y.); (H.N.); (K.M.)
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.F.); (T.M.); (C.Y.); (M.K.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-801-1011; Fax: +81-92-862-8200
| | - Shigeki Nabeshima
- General Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan; (S.O.); (Y.K.); (S.N.)
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14
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Eating Speed and Incidence of Diabetes in a Japanese General Population: ISSA-CKD. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10091949. [PMID: 34062802 PMCID: PMC8125533 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: We investigated whether eating speed was associated with the incidence of diabetes in a Japanese general population. Methods: A total of 4853 Japanese individuals without diabetes at baseline were analyzed. Self-reported eating speed was categorized as slow, medium, and fast on the basis of questionnaire responses. The study outcome was the incidence of diabetes. Results: After an average follow-up period of 5.1 years, 234 individuals developed diabetes. The incidence of diabetes per 1000 person-years was 4.9 in the slow eating speed group, 8.8 in the medium eating speed group, and 12.5 in the fast eating speed group, respectively (*** p < 0.001 for trend). The HRs were 1.69 (95%CI 0.94–3.06) for the medium eating speed and 2.08 (95%CI 1.13–3.84) for the fast eating speed, compared to the slow eating speed (* p = 0.014 for trend) after adjustment for age, gender, smoking status, drinking, exercise, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Conclusion: Faster eating speed increased a risk for the incidence of diabetes in a general Japanese population.
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Ishida S, Kondo S, Funakoshi S, Satoh A, Maeda T, Kawazoe M, Yoshimura C, Tada K, Takahashi K, Ito K, Yasuno T, Masutani K, Nakashima H, Arima H. White blood cell count and incidence of hypertension in the general Japanese population: ISSA-CKD study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246304. [PMID: 33529192 PMCID: PMC7853436 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the white blood cell (WBC) count and hypertension in the general Japanese population. METHODS We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using annual health check-up data of residents of Iki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. A total of 2935 participants without hypertension at baseline were included in the present analysis. WBC counts were classified as tertile 1 (<4700/μL), tertile 2 (4700-5999/μL), and tertile 3 (≥6000/μL). The outcome was incident hypertension (blood pressure ≥140 mmHg). Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULT During an average follow-up of 4.5 years, 908 participants developed hypertension. The incidence (per 100 person-years) of hypertension increased with an elevation in the WBC count (6.3 in tertile 1, 7.0 in tertile 2, and 7.4 in tertile 3). This association was significant, even after adjustment for other risk factors, including age, sex, current smoking habits, current alcohol intake, exercise habits, obesity, elevated blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. The hazard ratios were 1.07 for tertile 2 (95% CI 0.90-1.26) and 1.27 for tertile 3 (95% CI 1.06-1.51) compared with the reference group of tertile 1 (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION The WBC count was associated with future development of hypertension in the general Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiji Kondo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Funakoshi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Satoh
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Maeda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miki Kawazoe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chikara Yoshimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tada
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Takahashi
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ito
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Yasuno
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Masutani
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nakashima
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Satoh M, Hirose T, Nakayama S, Murakami T, Takabatake K, Asayama K, Imai Y, Ohkubo T, Mori T, Metoki H. Blood Pressure and Chronic Kidney Disease Stratified by Gender and the Use of Antihypertensive Drugs. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015592. [PMID: 32794421 PMCID: PMC7660816 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study assessed the association between blood pressure (BP) and the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) according to gender and the use of antihypertensive drugs using data from a large‐scale health checkup. Methods and Results We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the JMDC database, which contains annual health checkup data of Japanese employees and their dependents aged <75 years. We included 154 692 participants (men, 69.68%; mean age, 44.74 years) without CKD. CKD was indicated by an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 or the presence of proteinuria. During the mean follow‐up period of 4.78 years, new‐onset CKD occurred in 14 888 participants. When the normal BP group (systolic/diastolic BP <120/<80 mm Hg) without treatment was used as a reference, the hazard ratios of the high BP (130–139/80–89 mm Hg) and grade 1 (140–159/90–99 mm Hg) and grade 2 or 3 hypertension (≥160/≥100 mm Hg) groups were 1.11 (95% CI, 1.06–1.17), 1.36 (95% CI, 1.28–1.45), and 1.76 (95% CI, 1.56–1.99) for untreated men, respectively. However, in treated men, even normal BP was associated with a 1.5‐fold higher risk of CKD. The association between BP and the risk of CKD was weaker in untreated women than in untreated men. The risk of CKD in treated women with normal BP was similar to that of untreated women with normal BP. Conclusions Gender differences were found in the association between BP and CKD risk. Kidney function in treated individuals should be followed carefully, especially in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Satoh
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Japan
| | - Takuo Hirose
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Japan
| | - Shingo Nakayama
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Japan.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Japan.,Department of Nephrology Self-Defense Forces Sendai Hospital Sendai Japan.,Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry Department of Oral Function and Morphology Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry Sendai Japan
| | - Takahisa Murakami
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Japan.,Uguisuzawa Clinic Kurihara Japan
| | - Kyosuke Takabatake
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Japan.,Department of Hygiene and Public Health Teikyo University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Kei Asayama
- Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure Sendai Japan.,Department of Community Medical Supports Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Yutaka Imai
- Department of Community Medical Supports Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Takayoshi Ohkubo
- Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure Sendai Japan.,Department of Community Medical Supports Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Tohoku University Sendai Japan
| | - Takefumi Mori
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Japan
| | - Hirohito Metoki
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology Faculty of Medicine Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Japan.,Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology Faculty of Medicine Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University Sendai Japan.,Department of Community Medical Supports Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Tohoku University Sendai Japan
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17
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Miyabayashi I, Mori S, Satoh A, Kawazoe M, Funakoshi S, Ishida S, Maeda T, Yoshimura C, Tada K, Takahashi K, Ito K, Yasuno T, Masutani K, Kondo S, Nakashima H, Arima H. Uric Acid and Prevalence of Hypertension in a General Population of Japanese: ISSA-CKD Study. J Clin Med Res 2020; 12:431-435. [PMID: 32655737 PMCID: PMC7331868 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr4171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is uncertainty surrounding the causal relationship between serum uric acid and hypertension. The aim was to investigate the association between serum uric acid and prevalence of hypertension in a general population of Japanese. Methods This was a population-based cross-sectional study using health check-up data of the residents of the Iki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. A total of 7,484 participants aged 30 years or older were included in this study. Serum uric acid was classified into four groups: group 1 (< 357 µmol/L (< 6 mg/dL)), group 2 (357 - 415 µmol/L (6 - 6.9 mg/dL)), group 3 (416 - 475 µmol/L (7 - 7.9 mg/dL)) and group 4 (≥ 476 µmol/L (≥ 8 mg/dL)). Hypertension was defined as blood pressure (BP) levels of ≥ 140/90 mm Hg or use of BP lowering medications. Results Hypertension was observed among 3,467 participants (prevalence 46.3%). The prevalence of hypertension increased with elevation of serum uric acid levels: 42.8% in group 1, 55.0% in group 2, 57.6% in group 3 and 59.8% in group 4 (P < 0.001 for trend). This association was significant even after adjustment for other risk factors including age, sex, current smoking, current alcohol intake, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, estimated glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria: odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 1.50 (1.28 - 1.77) for group 2, 1.58 (1.25 - 1.99) for group 3 and 1.89 (1.36 - 2.64) for group 4 compared with the reference group of group 1 (P < 0.001 for trend). Conclusions Serum uric acid was clearly associated with prevalence of hypertension in a general population of Japanese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuko Miyabayashi
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shigetomo Mori
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Satoh
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miki Kawazoe
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Funakoshi
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shintaro Ishida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiki Maeda
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chikara Yoshimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tada
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Takahashi
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenji Ito
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko Yasuno
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Masutani
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Seiji Kondo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nakashima
- Division of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hisatomi Arima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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18
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Cause, Consequence or confounding? The kidney in hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2019; 33:639-640. [PMID: 30992515 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-019-0199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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