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Xiong J, Zhu L, Fu Y, Ye Z, Deng C, Wang X, Chen Y. Prognostic and therapeutic roles of SETD2 in cutaneous melanoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:9692-9708. [PMID: 38843391 PMCID: PMC11210245 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is an aggressive form of skin cancer with limited treatment options for advanced stages. Prognostic markers that accurately predict patients' outcomes and guide therapeutic strategies are crucial for improving melanoma management. SETD2 (SET Domain-Containing Protein 2), a histone methyltransferase involved in chromatin remodeling and gene regulation, has recently emerged as a tumor suppressor. Its dysfunction is involved in oncogenesis in some cancers, but little is known about its functions in progression and therapeutic response of melanoma. METHODS RNA-seq and clinical data from public database were used to evaluate the survival analysis, gene set enrichment, IC50 of therapeutics and immunotherapy response. SETD2 knock-out A375 cell line (A375SETD2ko) was developed by Crispr/cas9 and CCK-8 analysis and nude mice used to evaluate the proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo, while Western blotting tested the MMR-related protein. RESULTS SETD2 was commonly down-regulated in melanoma samples which demonstrated an unfavorable survival. Cells without SETD2 expression tend to have a more progressive and invasive behavior, with resistance to chemotherapy. However, they are more sensitive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). They also exhibit inflamed features with lower TIDE (Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion) score and higher tumor mutation burden (TMB), showing that these patients may benefit from immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that SETD2 dysfunction in melanoma implied a poor prognosis and chemotherapy resistance, but highly sensitive to TKIs and immunotherapy, highlighting the prognostic and therapeutic value of SETD2 in cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Xiong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Cancer Bio-immunotherapy Center, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primate, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yunrong Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Cancer Bio-immunotherapy Center, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhoujie Ye
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primate, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Cuimin Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, QuanZhou Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- Medical Research Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics and Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primate, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Cancer Bio-immunotherapy Center, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
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2
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Mutso M, Brūmele B, Serova E, Väärtnõu F, Suija M, Kurg R. The methyltransferase N6AMT1 participates in the cell cycle by regulating cyclin E levels. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298884. [PMID: 38394175 PMCID: PMC10889616 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The methyltransferase N6AMT1 has been associated with the progression of different pathological conditions, such as tumours and neurological malfunctions, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Analysis of N6AMT1-depleted cells revealed that N6AMT1 is involved in the cell cycle and cell proliferation. In N6AMT1-depleted cells, the cell doubling time was increased, and cell progression out of mitosis and the G0/G1 and S phases was disrupted. It was discovered that in N6AMT1-depleted cells, the transcription of cyclin E was downregulated, which indicates that N6AMT1 is involved in the regulation of cyclin E transcription. Understanding the functions and importance of N6AMT1 in cell proliferation and cell cycle regulation is essential for developing treatments and strategies to control diseases that are associated with N6AMT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margit Mutso
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Baiba Brūmele
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Evgeniia Serova
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Fred Väärtnõu
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mihkel Suija
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Reet Kurg
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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3
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Borkowetz A, Sommer U, Baretton G, Gruellich C, Bürk BT, Erb HHH, Thomas C. Identification of genomic drivers for the therapeutic response of Cabozantinib in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. World J Urol 2024; 42:94. [PMID: 38386122 PMCID: PMC10884127 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-024-04783-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cabozantinib (CAB) as monotherapy or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors is used for systemic treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, little is known about predictors of treatment response to CAB. For this reason, known genomic drivers were examined to identify potential predictors of treatment response with CAB. METHODS Twenty mRCC patients receiving monotherapy (≥ first-line) with CAB were prospectively included. DNA was extracted from archived primary tumors or metastatic tissue. Targeted DNA sequencing was performed using a gene panel including 328 genes (QIAseq Targeted DNA V3 Panel, Qiagen). The variant evaluation was performed using Varsome. The endpoints were treatment-failure-free-survival (TFFS) to CAB. RESULTS 26% of patients received systemic RCC treatment as the primary option. Six patients were treated with CAB in first-line (1L) and 12 patients in ≥ 2L. The median follow-up after initiation of systemic treatment was 26.7 months (mo). The PBRM1 (7 alleles), SETD2 (7 alleles), VHL (11 alleles), and CHEK2 (14 alleles) genes were most frequently altered. The median time to TFFS was 10.5 mo (95% confidence interval (CI) 6.2-14.7 mo). There was a longer treatment response to CAB in patients with alterations of the SETD2 gene (SETD2 alteration median TFFS not reached vs. no SETD2 alterations 8.4 mo (95% CI 5.2-11.6 mo); p = 0.024). CONCLUSION Pathogenic variant genes may indicate treatment response to systemic therapy in mRCC. Patients with alterations of the SETD2 gene show longer responses to CAB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Borkowetz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Site, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Sommer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gustavo Baretton
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Gruellich
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Thorben Bürk
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Holger H H Erb
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Site, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
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Contreras Yametti GP, Robbins G, Chowdhury A, Narang S, Ostrow TH, Kilberg H, Greenberg J, Kramer L, Raetz E, Tsirigos A, Evensen NA, Carroll WL. SETD2 mutations do not contribute to clonal fitness in response to chemotherapy in childhood B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2024; 65:78-90. [PMID: 37874744 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2273752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in genes encoding epigenetic regulators are commonly observed at relapse in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Loss-of-function mutations in SETD2, an H3K36 methyltransferase, have been observed in B-ALL and other cancers. Previous studies on mutated SETD2 in solid tumors and acute myelogenous leukemia support a role in promoting resistance to DNA damaging agents. We did not observe chemoresistance, an impaired DNA damage response, nor increased mutation frequency in response to thiopurines using CRISPR-mediated knockout in wild-type B-ALL cell lines. Likewise, restoration of SETD2 in cell lines with hemizygous mutations did not increase sensitivity. SETD2 mutations affected the chromatin landscape and transcriptional output that was unique to each cell line. Collectively our data does not support a role for SETD2 mutations in driving clonal evolution and relapse in B-ALL, which is consistent with the lack of enrichment of SETD2 mutations at relapse in most studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria P Contreras Yametti
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gabriel Robbins
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashfiyah Chowdhury
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonali Narang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Talia H Ostrow
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harrison Kilberg
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Greenberg
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lindsay Kramer
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Raetz
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikki A Evensen
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - William L Carroll
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
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5
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Liu H. SETD2 detection may reveal response to induction therapy and survival profile in acute myeloid leukemia patients. HEMATOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 28:2161194. [PMID: 36607144 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2022.2161194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE SET domain containing protein 2 (SETD2) involves in the progression and development of chemotherapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Hence, this study aimed to investigate the relationship of SETD2 expression with disease risk, features, treatment response, and survival profile in AML. METHODS One-hundred and sixty primary AML patients were retrospectively analyzed. Their bone marrow (BM) samples before and after induction therapy were retrieved for SETD2 detection by RT-qPCR. Moreover, SETD2 expression in BM samples of 20 disease controls (DCs) were also determined. RESULTS SETD2 expression was downregulated in AML patients compared to DCs (P < 0.001). Higher SETD2 expression related to white blood cells ≤10 × 109/L despite not reaching statistical significance (P = 0.062). One-hundred and nineteen (74.4%) AML patients achieved complete response (CR), while the remaining 41 (25.6%) did not achieve that. Furthermore, increased SETD2 expression was associated with CR achievement (P = 0.015). Survival analyses displayed that SETD2 high (vs. low) was related to prolonged event-free survival (EFS) (P = 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.021). Moreover, increased SETD2 quartile was correlated with favorable EFS (P = 0.004) and OS (P = 0.042). After adjustment using multivariate Cox's regression analysis, higher SETD2 quartile was independently related to prolonged EFS [hazard ratio (HR): 0.766, P = 0.013] and OS (HR: 0.669, P = 0.013). It was also noticed that SETD2 expression was elevated during the induction therapy (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Detection of SETD2 may assist in estimating treatment response and survival profile in AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Hematology, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong, People's Republic of China
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6
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Aziz N, Hong YH, Kim HG, Kim JH, Cho JY. Tumor-suppressive functions of protein lysine methyltransferases. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2475-2497. [PMID: 38036730 PMCID: PMC10766653 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01117-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein lysine methyltransferases (PKMTs) play crucial roles in histone and nonhistone modifications, and their dysregulation has been linked to the development and progression of cancer. While the majority of studies have focused on the oncogenic functions of PKMTs, extensive evidence has indicated that these enzymes also play roles in tumor suppression by regulating the stability of p53 and β-catenin, promoting α-tubulin-mediated genomic stability, and regulating the transcription of oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Despite their contradictory roles in tumorigenesis, many PKMTs have been identified as potential therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. However, PKMT inhibitors may have unintended negative effects depending on the specific cancer type and target enzyme. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively summarize the tumor-suppressive effects of PKMTs and to provide new insights into the development of anticancer drugs targeting PKMTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aziz
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Mason FM, Kounlavong ES, Tebeje AT, Dahiya R, Guess T, Khan A, Vlach L, Norris SR, Lovejoy CA, Dere R, Strahl BD, Ohi R, Ly P, Walker CL, Rathmell WK. SETD2 safeguards the genome against isochromosome formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303752120. [PMID: 37722039 PMCID: PMC10523680 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303752120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Isochromosomes are mirror-imaged chromosomes with simultaneous duplication and deletion of genetic material which may contain two centromeres to create isodicentric chromosomes. Although isochromosomes commonly occur in cancer and developmental disorders and promote genome instability, mechanisms that prevent isochromosomes are not well understood. We show here that the tumor suppressor and methyltransferase SETD2 is essential to prevent these errors. Using cellular and cytogenetic approaches, we demonstrate that loss of SETD2 or its epigenetic mark, histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3), results in the formation of isochromosomes as well as isodicentric and acentric chromosomes. These defects arise during DNA replication and are likely due to faulty homologous recombination by RAD52. These data provide a mechanism for isochromosome generation and demonstrate that SETD2 and H3K36me3 are essential to prevent the formation of this common mutable chromatin structure known to initiate a cascade of genomic instability in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank M. Mason
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232
| | - Emily S. Kounlavong
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232
| | - Anteneh T. Tebeje
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232
| | - Rashmi Dahiya
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Tiffany Guess
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232
| | - Abid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
| | - Logan Vlach
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232
| | - Stephen R. Norris
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232
| | | | - Ruhee Dere
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Brian D. Strahl
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC27599
| | - Ryoma Ohi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Peter Ly
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Cheryl Lyn Walker
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - W. Kimryn Rathmell
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN37232
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8
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Ma Z, Bolinger AA, Chen H, Zhou J. Drug Discovery Targeting Nuclear Receptor Binding SET Domain Protein 2 (NSD2). J Med Chem 2023; 66:10991-11026. [PMID: 37578463 PMCID: PMC11092389 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptor binding SET domain proteins (NSDs) catalyze the mono- or dimethylation of histone 3 lysine 36 (H3K36me1 and H3K36me2), using S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) as a methyl donor. As a key member of the NSD family of proteins, NSD2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases such as cancers, inflammations, and infectious diseases, serving as a promising drug target. Developing potent and specific NSD2 inhibitors may provide potential novel therapeutics. Several NSD2 inhibitors and degraders have been discovered while remaining in the early stage of drug development. Excitingly, KTX-1001, a selective NSD2 inhibitor, has entered clinical trials. In this Perspective, the structures and functions of NSD2, its roles in various human diseases, and the recent advances in drug discovery strategies targeting NSD2 have been summarized. The challenges, opportunities, and future directions for developing NSD2 inhibitors and degraders are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonghui Ma
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Andrew A Bolinger
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Haiying Chen
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
| | - Jia Zhou
- Chemical Biology Program, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77555, United States
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He J, Xu T, Zhao F, Guo J, Hu Q. SETD2-H3K36ME3: an important bridge between the environment and tumors. Front Genet 2023; 14:1204463. [PMID: 37359376 PMCID: PMC10288198 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1204463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the occurrence, development and treatment of tumors. The histone methyltransferase SET-domain-containing 2 (SETD2) plays a key role in mammalian epigenetic regulation by catalyzing histone methylation and interacting with RNA polymerase II to mediate transcription elongation and mismatch repair. As an important bridge between the environment and tumors, SETD2-H3K36me3 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Many tumors, including renal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, are closely related to SETD2 gene mutations. As a key component of common tumor suppressor mechanisms, SETD2-H3K36me3is an important target for clinical disease diagnosis and treatment. Here, we reviewed the structure and function of the SETD2 and how SETD2-H3K36me3 functions as a bridge between the environment and tumors to provide an in-depth understanding of its role in the occurrence and development of various tumors, which is of great significance for future disease diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui He
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tangpeng Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fangrui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qinyong Hu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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10
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Iwagawa T, Kawabata R, Fukushima M, Kuribayashi H, Watanabe S. Setd5, but not Setd2, is indispensable for retinal cell survival and proliferation. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:427-436. [PMID: 36349512 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Trimethylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36me3) is associated with active transcription. We used mouse retinal explant cultures and shRNA to investigate the roles of Setd2 and Setd5, which encode H3K36me3 methyltransferases, in retinal development. We found that shSetd5 caused abnormal retinal structures and reduced rods and Müller cells, whereas shSetd2 did not cause any abnormalities. The mutant SETD5 lacking the SET domain failed to reverse the phenotypes observed in the shSetd5-expressing retinas, while SETD5S1257*, which does not interact with HDAC3 and PAF1 complexes, rescued proliferation, but not apoptosis, induced by shSetd5. Taken together, we found that Setd5, but not Setd2, is essential for sustaining retinal cell survival and proliferation, and the SET domain of SETD5 is pivotal for both functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Iwagawa
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, University of Tokyo Hospital, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kawabata
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, University of Tokyo Hospital, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Fukushima
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, University of Tokyo Hospital, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuribayashi
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, University of Tokyo Hospital, University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumiko Watanabe
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Retinal Biology and Pathology, University of Tokyo Hospital, University of Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Yu M, Qian K, Wang G, Xiao Y, Zhu Y, Ju L. Histone methyltransferase SETD2: An epigenetic driver in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1114461. [PMID: 37025591 PMCID: PMC10070805 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1114461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SET domain-containing 2 (SETD2) is a lysine methyltransferase that catalyzes histone H3 lysine36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) and has been revealed to play important roles in the regulation of transcriptional elongation, RNA splicing, and DNA damage repair. SETD2 mutations have been documented in several cancers, including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). SETD2 deficiency is associated with cancer occurrence and progression by regulating autophagy flux, general metabolic activity, and replication fork speed. Therefore, SETD2 is considered a potential epigenetic therapeutic target and is the subject of ongoing research on cancer-related diagnosis and treatment. This review presents an overview of the molecular functions of SETD2 in H3K36me3 regulation and its relationship with ccRCC, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent antitumor therapy based on SETD2 or H3K36me3 targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Yu
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiyu Qian
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Zhu, ; Lingao Ju,
| | - Lingao Ju
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Zhu, ; Lingao Ju,
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NSD2 as a Promising Target in Hematological Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911075. [PMID: 36232375 PMCID: PMC9569587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of the epigenetic machinery are critically involved in cancer development and maintenance; therefore, the proteins in charge of the generation of epigenetic modifications are being actively studied as potential targets for anticancer therapies. A very important and widespread epigenetic mark is the dimethylation of Histone 3 in Lysine 36 (H3K36me2). Until recently, it was considered as merely an intermediate towards the generation of the trimethylated form, but recent data support a more specific role in many aspects of genome regulation. H3K36 dimethylation is mainly carried out by proteins of the Nuclear SET Domain (NSD) family, among which NSD2 is one of the most relevant members with a key role in normal hematopoietic development. Consequently, NSD2 is frequently altered in several types of tumors—especially in hematological malignancies. Herein, we discuss the role of NSD2 in these pathological processes, and we review the most recent findings in the development of new compounds aimed against the oncogenic forms of this novel anticancer candidate.
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Yang H, Yao F, Peng RW. Revisiting "BAP1ness" in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2022; 17:e67-e69. [PMID: 35931424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Wang Peng
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Yuen K, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Zhou D, Fang J, Xu L. Mutational landscape and clinical outcome of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia with 11q23/KMT2A rearrangements. Cancer Med 2022; 12:1418-1430. [PMID: 35833755 PMCID: PMC9883550 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations of 11q23/KMT2A are the most prevalent cytogenetic abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the prognostic significance of 11q23/KMT2A-rearranged AML based on various translocation partners varies among different studies. However, few studies evaluated the molecular characteristics of 11q23/KMT2A-rearranged pediatric AML. We aim to analyze the mutational landscape of 11q23/KMT2A-rearranged AML and assess their prognostic value in outcomes. METHODS The mutational landscape and clinical prognosis of 105 children with 11q23/KMT2A-rearranged AML in comparison with 277 children with non-11q23/KMT2A-rearranged AML were analyzed using publicly accessible next-generation sequencing data from Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) dataset. RESULTS Pediatric AML patients with 11q23/KMT2A-rearrangements harbored a low number of mutations (Median, 1 mutation/patient, range, 1-22), 58% of which involved in RAS pathway mutations (KRAS, NRAS, and PTPN11) and 10.5% of which comprised of SETD2 mutations. Compared with non-11q23/KMT2A-rearranged AML, the incidence of KRAS (32.4% vs. 10.1%, P〈0.001) and SETD2 (10.5% vs. 1.4%, P=0.001) gene mutations in 11q23/KMT2A-rearranged AML was significantly higher. Both KRAS and SETD2 mutations occurred more often in t(10;11)(p12;q23). KRAS mutations were correlated with worse 5-year event-free survival [EFS] (Plog-rank = 0.001) and 5-year overall survival [OS] (Plog-rank = 0.009) and the presence of SETD2 mutations increases the 5-year relapse rate (PGray = 0.004). Multivariate analyses confirmed KRAS mutations in 11q23/KMT2A-rearranged AML as an independent predictor for poor EFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.10, P=0.05) and OS (HR = 2.39, P=0.054). CONCLUSION Our findings show that pediatric patients with 11q23/KMT2A rearrangements have characteristic mutation patterns and varying clinical outcomes depending on different translocation partners, which could be utilized to develop more accurate risk stratification and tailored therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka‐Yuk Yuen
- Department of PediatricsSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of PediatricsSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Yong‐Zhuo Zhou
- Department of Clinical LaboratorySun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of PediatricsSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Dun‐Hua Zhou
- Department of PediatricsSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Jian‐Pei Fang
- Department of PediatricsSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Lu‐Hong Xu
- Department of PediatricsSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationSun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
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15
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Lam UTF, Tan BKY, Poh JJX, Chen ES. Structural and functional specificity of H3K36 methylation. Epigenetics Chromatin 2022; 15:17. [PMID: 35581654 PMCID: PMC9116022 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-022-00446-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The methylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 (H3K36me) is essential for maintaining genomic stability. Indeed, this methylation mark is essential for proper transcription, recombination, and DNA damage response. Loss- and gain-of-function mutations in H3K36 methyltransferases are closely linked to human developmental disorders and various cancers. Structural analyses suggest that nucleosomal components such as the linker DNA and a hydrophobic patch constituted by histone H2A and H3 are likely determinants of H3K36 methylation in addition to the histone H3 tail, which encompasses H3K36 and the catalytic SET domain. Interaction of H3K36 methyltransferases with the nucleosome collaborates with regulation of their auto-inhibitory changes fine-tunes the precision of H3K36me in mediating dimethylation by NSD2 and NSD3 as well as trimethylation by Set2/SETD2. The identification of specific structural features and various cis-acting factors that bind to different forms of H3K36me, particularly the di-(H3K36me2) and tri-(H3K36me3) methylated forms of H3K36, have highlighted the intricacy of H3K36me functional significance. Here, we consolidate these findings and offer structural insight to the regulation of H3K36me2 to H3K36me3 conversion. We also discuss the mechanisms that underlie the cooperation between H3K36me and other chromatin modifications (in particular, H3K27me3, H3 acetylation, DNA methylation and N6-methyladenosine in RNAs) in the physiological regulation of the epigenomic functions of chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulysses Tsz Fung Lam
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bryan Kok Yan Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John Jia Xin Poh
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ee Sin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Singapore.
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Integrative Sciences & Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Pommert L, Schafer ES, Malvar J, Gossai N, Florendo E, Pulakanti K, Heimbruch K, Stelloh C, Chi YY, Sposto R, Rao S, Van Huynh T, Brown P, Chang BH, Colace SI, Hermiston ML, Heym K, Hutchinson RJ, Kaplan JA, Mody R, O’Brien TA, Place AE, Shaw PH, Ziegler DS, Wayne A, Bhojwani D, Burke MJ. Decitabine and vorinostat with FLAG chemotherapy in pediatric relapsed/refractory AML: Report from the therapeutic advances in childhood leukemia and lymphoma (TACL) consortium. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:613-622. [PMID: 35180323 PMCID: PMC8986610 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Survival outcomes for relapsed/refractory pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) remain dismal. Epigenetic changes can result in gene expression alterations which are thought to contribute to both leukemogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. We report results from a phase I trial with a dose expansion cohort investigating decitabine and vorinostat in combination with fludarabine, cytarabine, and G-CSF (FLAG) in pediatric patients with R/R AML [NCT02412475]. Thirty-seven patients enrolled with a median age at enrollment of 8.4 (range, 1-20) years. There were no dose limiting toxicities among the enrolled patients, including two patients with Down syndrome. The recommended phase 2 dose of decitabine in combination with vorinostat and FLAG was 10 mg/m2 . The expanded cohort design allowed for an efficacy evaluation and the overall response rate among 35 evaluable patients was 54% (16 complete response (CR) and 3 complete response with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi)). Ninety percent of responders achieved minimal residual disease (MRD) negativity (<0.1%) by centralized flow cytometry and 84% (n = 16) successfully proceeded to hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Two-year overall survival was 75.6% [95%CI: 47.3%, 90.1%] for MRD-negative patients vs. 17.9% [95%CI: 4.4%, 38.8%] for those with residual disease (p < .001). Twelve subjects (34%) had known epigenetic alterations with 8 (67%) achieving a CR, 7 (88%) of whom were MRD negative. Correlative pharmacodynamics demonstrated the biologic activity of decitabine and vorinostat and identified specific gene enrichment signatures in nonresponding patients. Overall, this therapy was well-tolerated, biologically active, and effective in pediatric patients with R/R AML, particularly those with epigenetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Pommert
- Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Eric S. Schafer
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Jemily Malvar
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Nathan Gossai
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children’s Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - Ellynore Florendo
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | - Katelyn Heimbruch
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Cary Stelloh
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Yueh-Yun Chi
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, C
| | - Richard Sposto
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, C
| | - Sridhar Rao
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, WI
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Thu Van Huynh
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA
| | - Patrick Brown
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Bill H. Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Susan I. Colace
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Michelle L. Hermiston
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco Benioff Children’s Hospital, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kenneth Heym
- Department of Pediatrics, Cook Children’s Medical Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Raymond J. Hutchinson
- Department of Pediatric and Communicable Diseases Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Joel A. Kaplan
- Department of Pediatrics, Carolinas Medical Center/Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC
| | - Rajen Mody
- Department of Pediatric and Communicable Diseases Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Tracey A. O’Brien
- Cord & Marrow Transplant Program, Centre for Children’s Cancer & Blood Disorders, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew E. Place
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Peter H. Shaw
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL
| | - David S. Ziegler
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, Australia
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alan Wayne
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, C
| | - Deepa Bhojwani
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, C
| | - Michael J. Burke
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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18
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Molecular mechanisms in governing genomic stability and tumor suppression by the SETD2 H3K36 methyltransferase. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 144:106155. [PMID: 34990836 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic dysregulation is an important contributor to carcinogenesis. This is not surprising, as chromatin-genomic DNA organized around structural histone scaffolding-serves as the template on which occurs essential nuclear processes, such as transcription, DNA replication and DNA repair. Histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36) methyltransferases, such as the SET-domain 2 protein (SETD2), have emerged as critical tumor suppressors. Previous work on mammalian SETD2 and its counterpart in model organisms, Set2, has highlighted the role of this protein in governing genomic stability through transcriptional elongation and splicing, as well as in DNA damage response processes and cell cycle progression. A compendium of SETD2 mutations have been documented, garnered from sequenced cancer patient genome data, and these findings underscore the cancer-driving properties of SETD2 loss-of-function. In this review, we consolidate the molecular mechanisms regulated by SETD2/Set2 and discuss evidence of its dysregulation in tumorigenesis. Insight into the genetic interactions that exist between SETD2 and various canonical intracellular signaling pathways has not only empowered pharmacological intervention by taking advantage of synthetic lethality but underscores SETD2 as a druggable target for precision cancer therapy.
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Shi M, Niu J, Niu X, Guo H, Bai Y, Shi J, Li W, Sun K, Chen Y, Shao F. Lin28A/CENPE Promoting the Proliferation and Chemoresistance of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2021; 11:763232. [PMID: 34868981 PMCID: PMC8632764 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.763232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of chemoresistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still poor, mainly owing to the sustained proliferation ability of leukemic cells, while the microtubules have a major role in sustaining the continuity of cell cycle. In the present study, we have identified CENPE, a microtubular kinesin-like motor protein that is highly expressed in the peripheral blood of patients with chemoresistant AML. In our in vitro studies, knockdown of CENPE expression resulted in the suppression of proliferation of myeloid leukemia cells and reversal of cytarabine (Ara-C) chemoresistance. Furthermore, Lin28A, one of the RNA-binding oncogene proteins that increase cell proliferation and invasion and contribute to unfavorable treatment responses in certain malignancies, was found to be remarkably correlated with CENPE expression in chemoresistance AML. Overexpression of LIN28A promoted the proliferation and Ara-C chemoresistance of leukemic cells. RIP assay, RNA pull-down, and dual luciferase reporter analyses indicated that LIN28A bound specifically to the promoter region GGAGA of CENPE. In addition, the impacts of LIN28A on cell growth, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and Ara-C chemoresistance were reverted by the knockdown of CENPE. Hence, Lin28A/CENPE has enhanced the proliferation and chemoresistance of AML, and therefore, it could be a prospective candidate for AML treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Shi
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junwei Niu
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaona Niu
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Honggang Guo
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanliang Bai
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Weiya Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Hematology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fengmin Shao
- Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Immunology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital and Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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20
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Berthelet J, Michail C, Bui LC, Le Coadou L, Sirri V, Wang L, Dulphy N, Dupret JM, Chomienne C, Guidez F, Rodrigues-Lima F. The benzene hematotoxic and reactive metabolite 1,4-benzoquinone impairs the activity of the histone methyltransferase SETD2 and causes aberrant H3K36 trimethylation (H3K36me3). Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:283-294. [PMID: 34266924 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human SETD2 is the unique histone methyltransferase that generates H3K36me3, an epigenetic mark that plays a key role in normal hematopoiesis. Interestingly, recurrent-inactivating mutations of SETD2 and aberrant H3K36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) are increasingly reported to be involved in hematopoietic malignancies. Benzene (BZ) is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant and carcinogen that causes leukemia. The leukemogenic properties of BZ depend on its biotransformation in the bone marrow into oxidative metabolites in particular 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ). This hematotoxic metabolite can form DNA and protein adducts that result in the damage and the alteration of cellular processes. Recent studies suggest that BZ-depend leukemogenesis could depend on epigenetic perturbations notably aberrant histone methylation. We investigated whether H3K36 trimethylation by SETD2 could be impacted by BZ and its hematotoxic metabolites. Herein, we show that BQ, the major leukemogenic metabolite of BZ, inhibits irreversibly the human histone methyltransferase SETD2 resulting in decreased H3K36 trimethylation (H3K36me3). Our mechanistic studies further indicate that the BQ-dependent inactivation of SETD2 is due to covalent binding of BQ to reactive Zn-finger cysteines within the catalytic domain of the enzyme. The formation of these quinoprotein adducts results in loss of enzyme activity and protein cross-links/oligomers. Experiments conducted in hematopoietic cells confirm that exposure to BQ results in the formation of SETD2 cross-links/oligomers and concomitant loss of H3K36me3 in cells. Taken together, our data indicate that BQ, a major hematotoxic metabolite of BZ could contribute to BZ-dependent leukemogenesis by perturbing the functions of SETD2, an histone lysine methyltransferase of hematopoietic relevance. Significance Statement Benzoquinone is a major leukemogenic metabolite of benzene. Dysregulation of histone methyltransferase is involved in hematopoietic malignancies. We found that benzoquinone irreversibly impairs SETD2, a histone H3K36 methyltransferase that plays a key role in hematopoiesis. Benzoquinone forms covalent adducts on Zn-finger cysteines within the catalytic site leading to loss of activity, protein cross-links/oligomers and concomitant decrease of H3K36me3 histone mark. Our data provide evidence that a leukemogenic metabolite of benzene can impair a key epigenetic enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Li Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
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21
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Song J, Du L, Liu P, Wang F, Zhang B, Xie Y, Lu J, Jin Y, Zhou Y, Lv G, Zhang J, Chen S, Chen Z, Sun X, Zhang Y, Huang Q. Intra-heterogeneity in transcription and chemoresistant property of leukemia-initiating cells in murine Setd2 -/- acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:867-888. [PMID: 34196511 PMCID: PMC8441059 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterogeneity of leukemia-initiating cells (LICs) is a major obstacle in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapy. Accumulated evidence indicates that the coexistence of multiple types of LICs with different pathogenicity in the same individual is a common feature in AML. However, the functional heterogeneity including the drug response of coexistent LICs remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the intra-heterogeneity in LICs that can help predict leukemia behavior and develop more effective treatments. METHODS Spleen cells from the primary Setd2-/- -AML mouse were transplanted into C57BL/6 recipient mice to generate a transplantable model. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the immunophenotype of the leukemic mice. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted to detect secondary hits responsible for leukemia transformation. A serial transplantation assay was used to determine the self-renewal potential of Setd2-/- -AML cells. A limiting-dilution assay was performed to identify the LIC frequency in different subsets of leukemia cells. Bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing were performed to analyze the transcriptional heterogeneity of LICs. Small molecular inhibitor screening and in vivo drug treatment were employed to clarify the difference in drug response between the different subsets of LICs. RESULTS In this study, we observed an aged Setd2-/- mouse developing AML with co-mutation of NrasG12S and BrafK520E . Further investigation identified two types of LICs residing in the c-Kit+ B220+ Mac-1- and c-Kit+ B220+ Mac-1+ subsets, respectively. In vivo transplantation assay disclosed the heterogeneity in differentiation between the coexistent LICs. Besides, an intrinsic doxorubicin-resistant transcriptional signature was uncovered in c-Kit+ B220+ Mac-1+ cells. Indeed, doxorubicin plus cytarabine (DA), the standard chemotherapeutic regimen used in AML treatment, could specifically kill c-Kit+ B220+ Mac-1- cells, but it hardly affected c-Kit+ B220+ Mac-1+ cells. Transcriptome analysis unveiled a higher activation of RAS downstream signaling pathways in c-Kit+ B220+ Mac-1+ cells than in c-Kit+ B220+ Mac-1- cells. Combined treatment with DA and RAS pathway inhibitors killed both c-Kit+ B220+ Mac-1- and c-Kit+ B220+ Mac-1+ cells and attenuated disease progression. CONCLUSIONS This study identified two cell subsets enriched for LICs in murine Setd2-/- -AML and disclosed the transcriptional and functional heterogeneity of LICs, revealing that the coexistence of different types of LICs in this model brings about diverse drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachun Song
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Longting Du
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Fuhui Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Novel Bioinformatics Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201114, P. R. China
| | - Yinyin Xie
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Jing Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yi Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Renji Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Gang Lv
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Saijuan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojian Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yuanliang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Qiuhua Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
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22
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Adnan-Awad S, Kankainen M, Mustjoki S. Mutational landscape of chronic myeloid leukemia: more than a single oncogene leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:2064-2078. [PMID: 33944660 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1894652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, which causes aberrant kinase activity and uncontrolled cell proliferation, is the hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) that target the BCR-ABL oncoprotein has led to dramatic improvement in CML management. However, some challenges remain to be addressed in the TKI era, including patient stratification and the selection of frontline TKIs and CML progression. Additionally, with the emerging goal of treatment-free remission (TFR) in CML management, biomarkers that predict the outcomes of stopping TKI remain to be identified. Notably, recent reports have revealed the power of genome screening in understanding the role of genome aberrations other than BCR-ABL1 in CML pathogenesis. These studies have discovered the presence of disease-phase specific mutations and linked certain mutations to inferior responses to TKI treatment and CML progression. A personalized approach that incorporates genetic data in tailoring treatment strategies has been successfully implemented in acute leukemia, and it represents a promising approach for the management of high-risk CML patients. In this article, we will review current knowledge about the mutational profile in different phases of CML as well as patterns of mutational dynamics in patients having different outcomes. We highlight the effects of somatic mutations involving certain genes (e.g. epigenetic modifiers) on the outcomes of TKI treatment. We also discuss the potential value of incorporating genetic data in treatment decisions and the routine care of CML patients as a future direction for optimizing CML management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shady Adnan-Awad
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Kankainen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine Flagship, Helsinki, Finland
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23
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Mutation pattern and genotype-phenotype correlations of SETD2 in neurodevelopmental disorders. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104200. [PMID: 33766796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
SETD2 encodes an important protein for epigenetic modification of histones which plays an essential role in early development. Variants in SETD2 have been reported in neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, most de novo SETD2 variants were reported in different large-cohort sequencing studies, mutation pattern and comprehensive genotype-phenotype correlations for SETD2 are still lacking. We have applied target sequencing to identify rare, clinical-relevant SETD2 variants and detected two novel de novo SETD2 variants, including a de novo splicing variant (NM_014159: c.4715+1G>A) and a de novo missense variant (c.3185C>T: p.P1062L) in two individuals with a diagnosis of ASD. To analyze the correlations between SETD2 mutations and corresponding phenotypes, we systematically review the reported individuals with de novo SETD2 variants, classify the pathogenicity, and analyze the detailed phenotypes. We subsequently manually curate 17 SETD2 de novo variants in 17 individuals from published literature. Individuals with de novo SETD2 variants present common phenotypes including speech and motor delay, intellectual disability, macrocephaly, ASD, overgrowth and recurrent otitis media. Our study reveals new SETD2 mutations and provided a relatively homozygous phenotype spectrum of SETD2-related neurodevelopmental disorders which will be beneficial for disease classification and diagnosis in clinical practice.
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24
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SETD2 deficiency accelerates MDS-associated leukemogenesis via S100a9 in NHD13 mice and predicts poor prognosis in MDS. Blood 2021; 135:2271-2285. [PMID: 32202636 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019001963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SETD2, the histone H3 lysine 36 methyltransferase, previously identified by us, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies, but its role in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) has been unclear. In this study, low expression of SETD2 correlated with shortened survival in patients with MDS, and the SETD2 levels in CD34+ bone marrow cells of those patients were increased by decitabine. We knocked out Setd2 in NUP98-HOXD13 (NHD13) transgenic mice, which phenocopies human MDS, and found that loss of Setd2 accelerated the transformation of MDS into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Loss of Setd2 enhanced the ability of NHD13+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to self-renew, with increased symmetric self-renewal division and decreased differentiation and cell death. The growth of MDS-associated leukemia cells was inhibited though increasing the H3K36me3 level by using epigenetic modifying drugs. Furthermore, Setd2 deficiency upregulated hematopoietic stem cell signaling and downregulated myeloid differentiation pathways in the NHD13+ HSPCs. Our RNA-seq and chromatin immunoprecipitation-seq analysis indicated that S100a9, the S100 calcium-binding protein, is a target gene of Setd2 and that the addition of recombinant S100a9 weakens the effect of Setd2 deficiency in the NHD13+ HSPCs. In contrast, downregulation of S100a9 leads to decreases of its downstream targets, including Ikba and Jnk, which influence the self-renewal and differentiation of HSPCs. Therefore, our results demonstrated that SETD2 deficiency predicts poor prognosis in MDS and promotes the transformation of MDS into AML, which provides a potential therapeutic target for MDS-associated acute leukemia.
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25
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Zhu S, Xu Z, Zeng Y, Long Y, Fan G, Ding Q, Wen Y, Cao J, Dai T, Han W, Xie Y. ADNP Upregulation Promotes Bladder Cancer Cell Proliferation via the AKT Pathway. Front Oncol 2020; 10:491129. [PMID: 33240802 PMCID: PMC7680929 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.491129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), which is involved in embryonic development and neurogenesis, has been proven to be upregulated in some human tumors. However, its role in bladder cancer (BC) has never been studied. Objective We aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which ADNP promotes the progression of BC. Methods ADNP expressions in BC cell lines and paired BC and adjacent normal tissues were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Colony formation, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), trypan blue exclusion assay, flow cytometry, and nude mice tumorigenesis assay were performed to explore the effects of ADNP on growth of BC in vivo and in vitro. The impacts of ADNP on AKT signaling pathways were measured by Western blot. Results The expression of ADNP mRNA and protein was significantly upregulated in BC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis of 221 BC and 51 adjacent normal tissue paraffin sections indicated that ADNP expression was significantly associated with histological classification and pathological T and N stages. Survival analysis revealed that patients with high ADNP expression have worse prognosis with respect to overall survival and progression-free disease. ADNP knockdown markedly delayed propagation of BC in vitro and the development of BC in vivo. ADNP overexpression showed the opposite effect. In addition, ADNP can markedly promote G1-S cell cycle transition in BC cells. On the molecular level, we confirmed that ADNP mediated acceleration of G1-S transition was associated with activation of the AKT pathways in BC. Conclusion ADNP is overexpressed in BC and promotes BC growth partly through AKT pathways. ADNP is crucial in predicting the outcome of BC patients and may be a potential therapeutic target in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenzhou Xu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Clinical Translational Research Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Long
- Clinical Translational Research Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Gang Fan
- Department of Urology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, The 6th Affliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Ding
- Clinical Translational Research Center, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yuheng Wen
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Cao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Tao Dai
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Weiqing Han
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, China
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26
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Yang C, Zhang J, Ma Y, Wu C, Cui W, Wang L. Histone methyltransferase and drug resistance in cancers. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:173. [PMID: 32859239 PMCID: PMC7455899 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01682-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A number of novel anticancer drugs have been developed in recent years. However, the mortality of cancer patients remains high because of the emergence of drug resistance. It was reported that drug resistance might involved in changes in gene expression without changing genotypes, which is similar to epigenetic modification. Some studies indicated that targeting histone methyltransferase can reverse drug resistance. Hence, the use of histone methyltransferase inhibitors or histone demethylase inhibitors opens new therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment. While the relationship between histone methyltransferase and tumor resistance has been determined, there is a lack of updated review on the association between them. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of histone methyltransferases in cancer drug resistance and the therapeutic strategies of targeting histone methyltransferase to reverse drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yukui Ma
- Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.,Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lihui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China. .,Benxi Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, People's Republic of China.
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