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Newell S, van der Watt PJ, Leaner VD. Therapeutic targeting of nuclear export and import receptors in cancer and their potential in combination chemotherapy. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:4-25. [PMID: 37623925 PMCID: PMC10952567 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Systemic modalities are crucial in the management of disseminated malignancies and liquid tumours. However, patient responses and tolerability to treatment are generally poor and those that enter remission often return with refractory disease. Combination therapies provide a methodology to overcome chemoresistance mechanisms and address dose-limiting toxicities. A deeper understanding of tumorigenic processes at the molecular level has brought a targeted therapy approach to the forefront of cancer research, and novel cancer biomarkers are being identified at a rapid rate, with some showing potential therapeutic benefits. The Karyopherin superfamily of proteins is soluble receptors that mediate nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of proteins and RNAs, and recently, nuclear transport receptors have been recognized as novel anticancer targets. Inhibitors against nuclear export have been approved for clinical use against certain cancer types, whereas inhibitors against nuclear import are in preclinical stages of investigation. Mechanistically, targeting nucleocytoplasmic shuttling has shown to abrogate oncogenic signalling and restore tumour suppressor functions through nuclear sequestration of relevant proteins and mRNAs. Hence, nuclear transport inhibitors display broad spectrum anticancer activity and harbour potential to engage in synergistic interactions with a wide array of cytotoxic agents and other targeted agents. This review is focussed on the most researched nuclear transport receptors in the context of cancer, XPO1 and KPNB1, and highlights how inhibitors targeting these receptors can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of standard of care therapies and novel targeted agents in a combination therapy approach. Furthermore, an updated review on the therapeutic targeting of lesser characterized karyopherin proteins is provided and resistance to clinically approved nuclear export inhibitors is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Newell
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Pauline J. van der Watt
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - Virna D. Leaner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
- UCT/SAMRC Gynaecological Cancer Research CentreUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
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2
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Shi J, Pei Y, Yu Q, Dong H. Progress in the study of parvovirus entry pathway. Virol J 2023; 20:61. [PMID: 37016419 PMCID: PMC10072039 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02016-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A group of DNA viruses called parvoviruses that have significant effects on cancer therapy and genetic engineering applications. After passing through the cell membrane to reach the cytosol, it moves along the microtubule toward the nuclear membrane. The nuclear localization signal (NLS) is recognized by importin-beta (impβ) and other proteins from the complex outside the nuclear membrane and binds to enter the nucleus via the nuclear pore complex (NPC). There are two main pathways for viruses to enter the nucleus. The classical pathway is through the interaction of imp α and impβ with NLS via NPC. The other is the NPC mediated by the combination of impβ and it. While the capsid is introduced into the nucleus through classical nuclear transduction, there is also a transient nuclear membrane dissolution leading to passive transport into the nucleus, which has been proposed in recent years. This article mainly discusses several nuclear entry pathways and related proteins, providing a reference for subsequent research on viral entry pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuming Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yifeng Pei
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qian Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hao Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin Province, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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3
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Di Cesare E, Moroni S, Bartoli J, Damizia M, Giubettini M, Koerner C, Krenn V, Musacchio A, Lavia P. Aurora B SUMOylation Is Restricted to Centromeres in Early Mitosis and Requires RANBP2. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030372. [PMID: 36766713 PMCID: PMC9913629 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjugation with the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modulates protein interactions and localisation. The kinase Aurora B, a key regulator of mitosis, was previously identified as a SUMOylation target in vitro and in assays with overexpressed components. However, where and when this modification genuinely occurs in human cells was not ascertained. Here, we have developed intramolecular Proximity Ligation Assays (PLA) to visualise SUMO-conjugated Aurora B in human cells in situ. We visualised Aurora B-SUMO products at centromeres in prometaphase and metaphase, which declined from anaphase onwards and became virtually undetectable at cytokinesis. In the mitotic window in which Aurora B/SUMO products are abundant, Aurora B co-localised and interacted with NUP358/RANBP2, a nucleoporin with SUMO ligase and SUMO-stabilising activity. Indeed, in addition to the requirement for the previously identified PIAS3 SUMO ligase, we found that NUP358/RANBP2 is also implicated in Aurora B-SUMO PLA product formation and centromere localisation. In summary, SUMOylation marks a distinctive window of Aurora B functions at centromeres in prometaphase and metaphase while being dispensable for functions exerted in cytokinesis, and RANBP2 contributes to this control, adding a novel layer to modulation of Aurora B functions during mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Di Cesare
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Moroni
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Bartoli
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Damizia
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Carolin Koerner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Veronica Krenn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andrea Musacchio
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patrizia Lavia
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), CNR National Research Council of Italy, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: or
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4
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Song DA, Alber S, Doron-Mandel E, Schmid V, Albus CA, Leitner O, Hamawi H, Oses-Prieto JA, Dezorella N, Burlingame AL, Fainzilber M, Rishal I. A New Monoclonal Antibody Enables BAR Analysis of Subcellular Importin β1 Interactomes. Mol Cell Proteomics 2022; 21:100418. [PMID: 36180036 PMCID: PMC9630795 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Importin β1 (KPNB1) is a nucleocytoplasmic transport factor with critical roles in both cytoplasmic and nucleocytoplasmic transport, hence there is keen interest in the characterization of its subcellular interactomes. We found limited efficiency of BioID in the detection of importin complex cargos and therefore generated a highly specific and sensitive anti-KPNB1 monoclonal antibody to enable biotinylation by antibody recognition analysis of importin β1 interactomes. The monoclonal antibody recognizes an epitope comprising residues 301-320 of human KPBN1 and strikingly is highly specific for cytoplasmic KPNB1 in diverse applications, with little reaction with KPNB1 in the nucleus. Biotinylation by antibody recognition with this novel antibody revealed numerous new interactors of importin β1, expanding the KPNB1 interactome to cytoplasmic and signaling complexes that highlight potential new functions for the importins complex beyond nucleocytoplasmic transport. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD032728.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didi-Andreas Song
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Stefanie Alber
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ella Doron-Mandel
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Vera Schmid
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Christin A. Albus
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Orith Leitner
- Life Science Core Facilities, Faculty of Biochemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hedva Hamawi
- Life Science Core Facilities, Faculty of Biochemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Juan A. Oses-Prieto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nili Dezorella
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alma L. Burlingame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mike Fainzilber
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ida Rishal
- Departments of Biomolecular Sciences and Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel,For correspondence: Ida Rishal
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Rossi F, Beltran M, Damizia M, Grelloni C, Colantoni A, Setti A, Di Timoteo G, Dattilo D, Centrón-Broco A, Nicoletti C, Fanciulli M, Lavia P, Bozzoni I. Circular RNA ZNF609/CKAP5 mRNA interaction regulates microtubule dynamics and tumorigenicity. Mol Cell 2022; 82:75-89.e9. [PMID: 34942120 PMCID: PMC8751636 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are widely expressed in eukaryotes and are regulated in many biological processes. Although several studies indicate their activity as microRNA (miRNA) and protein sponges, little is known about their ability to directly control mRNA homeostasis. We show that the widely expressed circZNF609 directly interacts with several mRNAs and increases their stability and/or translation by favoring the recruitment of the RNA-binding protein ELAVL1. Particularly, the interaction with CKAP5 mRNA, which interestingly overlaps the back-splicing junction, enhances CKAP5 translation, regulating microtubule function in cancer cells and sustaining cell-cycle progression. Finally, we show that circZNF609 downregulation increases the sensitivity of several cancer cell lines to different microtubule-targeting chemotherapeutic drugs and that locked nucleic acid (LNA) protectors against the pairing region on circZNF609 phenocopy such effects. These data set an example of how the small effects tuned by circZNF609/CKAP5 mRNA interaction might have a potent output in tumor growth and drug response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Manuel Beltran
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Michela Damizia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy; Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology CNR, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Chiara Grelloni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Alessio Colantoni
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Adriano Setti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Gaia Di Timoteo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Dario Dattilo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Alvaro Centrón-Broco
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Carmine Nicoletti
- DAHFMO - Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Maurizio Fanciulli
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00144, Italy
| | - Patrizia Lavia
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology CNR, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Irene Bozzoni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Charles Darwin, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy; Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Rome 00161, Italy.
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6
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Zohud BA, Guo P, Zohud BA, Li F, Hao JJ, Shan X, Yu W, Guo W, Qin Y, Cai X. Importin 13 promotes NSCLC progression by mediating RFPL3 nuclear translocation and hTERT expression upregulation. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:879. [PMID: 33082305 PMCID: PMC7575581 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03101-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have reported that RFPL3 protein exerts its unique function as a transcriptional factor of hTERT promoter after being transported into the lung cancer cell nucleus. However, the detailed mechanism by which RFPL3 undergoes nuclear transport has not been reported yet. Here, we identified RFPL3 as a potential import cargo for IPO13, which was found to be overexpressed in NSCLC cells and tissues. IPO13 interacted with RFPL3 in lung cancer cells, and the knockdown of IPO13 led to the cytoplasmic accumulation of RFPL3, the decreased anchoring of RFPL3 at hTERT promoter, and the downregulation of hTERT expression. Moreover, IPO13 silencing suppressed tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. IHC analysis confirmed the positive correlation between the expression levels of IPO13 and hTERT in the tumor tissues from patients with lung cancer. Furthermore, the mechanistic study revealed that IPO13 recognized RFPL3 via a functional nuclear localization signal (NLS), which is located in the B30.2 domain at the C-terminal region of RFPL3. Of note, the presence of EGFR mutations was significantly related to the increased IPO13 expression. The EGFR-TKI Osimertinib downregulated IPO13 expression level in NSCLC cell lines with EGFR mutations, but not in EGFR wild-type ones. In summary, our data suggest that inhibition of IPO13 transport activity itself might be an alternative and potential therapeutic strategy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ping Guo
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | | | - Fengzhou Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Jiao J Hao
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Xiu Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Wendan Yu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China.
| | - Yu Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China.
| | - Xin Cai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China.
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7
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Zhou Y, Liu F, Xu Q, Yang B, Li X, Jiang S, Hu L, Zhang X, Zhu L, Li Q, Zhu X, Shao H, Dai M, Shen Y, Ni B, Wang S, Zhang Z, Teng Y. Inhibiting Importin 4-mediated nuclear import of CEBPD enhances chemosensitivity by repression of PRKDC-driven DNA damage repair in cervical cancer. Oncogene 2020; 39:5633-5648. [PMID: 32661323 PMCID: PMC7441007 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1384-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) remains highest in the mortality of female reproductive system cancers, while cisplatin (CDDP) resistance is the one of main reasons for the lethality. Preceding evidence has supported that karyopherins are associated with chemoresistance. In this study, we simultaneously compared CDDP-incomplete responders with CDDP-complete responders of CC patients and CDDP‐insensitive CC cell lines with CDDP‐sensitive group. We finally identified that DNA-PKcs (PRKDC) was related to CDDP sensitivity after overlapping in CC sample tissues and CC cell lines. Further functional assay revealed that targeting PRKDC by shRNA and NU7026 (specific PRKDC inhibitor) could enhance CDDP sensitivity in vitro and in vivo, which was mediated by impairing DNA damage repair pathway in CC. Mechanistically, we found that PRKDC was transcriptionally upregulated by CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (CEBPD), while intriguingly, CDDP treatment strengthened the transcriptional activity of CEBPD to PRKDC. We further disclosed that Importin 4 (IPO4) augmented the nuclear translocation of CEBPD through nuclear localization signals (NLS) to activate PRKDC-mediated DNA damage repair in response to CDDP. Moreover, we demonstrated that IPO4 and CEBPD knockdown improved CDDP-induced cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Together, we shed the novel insight into the role of IPO4 in chemosensitivity and provide a clinical translational potential to enhance CC chemosensitivity since the IPO4-CEBPD-PRKDC axis is actionable via NU7026 (PRKDC inhibitor) or targeting IPO4 in combination with CDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China.,Global Clinical Medical Affairs (GCMA), Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Inc. 7/F, Innov Tower, Zone A, No.1801 HongMei Rd. Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Qinyang Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Bikang Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Shuheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lipeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lili Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaolu Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Hongfang Shao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Miao Dai
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yifei Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, PR China
| | - Bo Ni
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200217, PR China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Jacobi medical center, bronx, New York, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Yincheng Teng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, PR China. .,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Shanghai, 200233, PR China.
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