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Leifheit ME, Johnson G, Kuzel TM, Schneider JR, Barker E, Yun HD, Ustun C, Goldufsky JW, Gupta K, Marzo AL. Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy of FLT3 Inhibitors with Combination Therapy for Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9448. [PMID: 39273395 PMCID: PMC11394928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations are genetic changes found in approximately thirty percent of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). FLT3 mutations in AML represent a challenging clinical scenario characterized by a high rate of relapse, even after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The advent of FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as midostaurin and gilteritinib, has shown promise in achieving complete remission. However, a substantial proportion of patients still experience relapse following TKI treatment, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. This review critically addresses the current landscape of TKI treatments for FLT3+ AML, with a particular focus on gilteritinib. Gilteritinib, a highly selective FLT3 inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy in targeting the mutant FLT3 receptor, thereby inhibiting aberrant signaling pathways that drive leukemic proliferation. However, monotherapy with TKIs may not be sufficient to eradicate AML blasts. Specifically, we provide evidence for integrating gilteritinib with mammalian targets of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors and interleukin-15 (IL-15) complexes. The combination of gilteritinib, mTOR inhibitors, and IL-15 complexes presents a compelling strategy to enhance the eradication of AML blasts and enhance NK cell killing, offering a potential for improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malia E Leifheit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, and Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Gunnar Johnson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, and Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Timothy M Kuzel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, and Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Schneider
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Edward Barker
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hyun D Yun
- Hematology, Oncology, Veterans Affairs Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Celalettin Ustun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, and Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Josef W Goldufsky
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, and Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Kajal Gupta
- Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Amanda L Marzo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, and Oncology and Cell Therapy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Zhao D, Qu Y, Gao N, Wu T. Integrated multi-omics characterization of SMAD4 mutant colorectal cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:386. [PMID: 39210191 PMCID: PMC11362418 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01268-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers around the world, which is a severe threat to people's health. SMAD4 belongs to the dwarfin/SMAD family, which plays a crucial role in TGF-β and BMP signal pathways. As the molecular characterization of colon cancer patients following SMAD4 mutations remains unclear, we integrated multi-omics data of SMAD4 mutant patients to reveal the profile of molecular characterization of SMAD4 mutation. A missense mutation is the most common mutant type of SMAD4. Patients with SMAD4 mutation had worse survival. Tumor tissues from patients carrying the SMAD4 mutation showed a reduction in various immune cells, such as CD4 + memory T cells and memory B cells. Many differential genes were identified compared to the SMAD4 mutation-free group and could be significantly enriched for tumor- and immune-related signaling pathways. In addition, the mutant group had different drug sensitivities than the non-mutant group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyi Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanjun Qu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Na Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Ghosh A, Maske P, Patel V, Dubey J, Aniket K, Srivastava R. Theranostic applications of peptide-based nanoformulations for growth factor defective cancers. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129151. [PMID: 38181914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Growth factors play a pivotal role in orchestrating cellular growth and division by binding to specific cell surface receptors. Dysregulation of growth factor production or activity can contribute to the uncontrolled cell proliferation observed in cancer. Peptide-based nanoformulations (PNFs) have emerged as promising therapeutic strategies for growth factor-deficient cancers. PNFs offer multifaceted capabilities including targeted delivery, imaging modalities, combination therapies, resistance modulation, and personalized medicine approaches. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including limited specificity, stability, pharmacokinetics, tissue penetration, toxicity, and immunogenicity. To address these challenges and optimize PNFs for clinical translation, in-depth investigations are warranted. Future research should focus on elucidating the intricate interplay between peptides and nanoparticles, developing robust spectroscopic and computational methodologies, and establishing a comprehensive understanding of the structure-activity relationship governing peptide-nanoparticle interactions. Bridging these knowledge gaps will propel the translation of peptide-nanoparticle therapies from bench to bedside. While a few peptide-nanoparticle drugs have obtained FDA approval for cancer treatment, the integration of nanostructured platforms with peptide-based medications holds tremendous potential to expedite the implementation of innovative anticancer interventions. Therefore, growth factor-deficient cancers present both challenges and opportunities for targeted therapeutic interventions, with peptide-based nanoformulations positioned as a promising avenue. Nonetheless, concerted research and development endeavors are essential to optimize the specificity, stability, and safety profiles of PNFs, thereby advancing the field of peptide-based nanotherapeutics in the realm of oncology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Ghosh
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, NanoBios lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Mumbai, India.
| | - Priyanka Maske
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, NanoBios lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Mumbai, India
| | - Vinay Patel
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, NanoBios lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Mumbai, India
| | - Jyoti Dubey
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, NanoBios lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Mumbai, India
| | - Kundu Aniket
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, NanoBios lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Mumbai, India.
| | - Rohit Srivastava
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, NanoBios lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Mumbai, India.
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Chen G, Bao B, Cheng Y, Tian M, Song J, Zheng L, Tong Q. Acetyl-CoA metabolism as a therapeutic target for cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115741. [PMID: 37864899 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), an essential metabolite, not only takes part in numerous intracellular metabolic processes, powers the tricarboxylic acid cycle, serves as a key hub for the biosynthesis of fatty acids and isoprenoids, but also serves as a signaling substrate for acetylation reactions in post-translational modification of proteins, which is crucial for the epigenetic inheritance of cells. Acetyl-CoA links lipid metabolism with histone acetylation to create a more intricate regulatory system that affects the growth, aggressiveness, and drug resistance of malignancies such as glioblastoma, breast cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. These fascinating advances in the knowledge of acetyl-CoA metabolism during carcinogenesis and normal physiology have raised interest regarding its modulation in malignancies. In this review, we provide an overview of the regulation and cancer relevance of main metabolic pathways in which acetyl-CoA participates. We also summarize the role of acetyl-CoA in the metabolic reprogramming and stress regulation of cancer cells, as well as medical application of inhibitors targeting its dysregulation in therapeutic intervention of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Banghe Bao
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Minxiu Tian
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Jiyu Song
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Liduan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China.
| | - Qiangsong Tong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, PR China.
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Wang Q, Xiong F, Wu G, Wang D, Liu W, Chen J, Qi Y, Wang B, Chen Y. SMAD Proteins in TGF-β Signalling Pathway in Cancer: Regulatory Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2769. [PMID: 37685308 PMCID: PMC10487229 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13172769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of mother against decapentaplegic (SMAD) family proteins are central to one of the most versatile cytokine signalling pathways in metazoan biology, the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway. The TGF-β pathway is widely known for its dual role in cancer progression as both an inhibitor of tumour cell growth and an inducer of tumour metastasis. This is mainly mediated through SMAD proteins and their cofactors or regulators. SMAD proteins act as transcription factors, regulating the transcription of a wide range of genes, and their rich post-translational modifications are influenced by a variety of regulators and cofactors. The complex role, mechanisms, and important functions of SMAD proteins in tumours are the hot topics in current oncology research. In this paper, we summarize the recent progress on the effects and mechanisms of SMAD proteins on tumour development, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis, and provide clues for subsequent research on SMAD proteins in tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; (Q.W.); (F.X.); (G.W.); (D.W.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (B.W.)
| | - Fei Xiong
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; (Q.W.); (F.X.); (G.W.); (D.W.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (B.W.)
| | - Guanhua Wu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; (Q.W.); (F.X.); (G.W.); (D.W.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (B.W.)
| | - Da Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; (Q.W.); (F.X.); (G.W.); (D.W.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (B.W.)
| | - Wenzheng Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; (Q.W.); (F.X.); (G.W.); (D.W.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (B.W.)
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; (Q.W.); (F.X.); (G.W.); (D.W.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (B.W.)
| | - Yongqiang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Laparoscopic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run-Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China;
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; (Q.W.); (F.X.); (G.W.); (D.W.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (B.W.)
| | - Yongjun Chen
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, China; (Q.W.); (F.X.); (G.W.); (D.W.); (W.L.); (J.C.); (B.W.)
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