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Durand M, Cabaud Gibouin V, Duplomb L, Salmi L, Caillot M, Sola B, Camus V, Jardin F, Garrido C, Jego G. A first-in-class inhibitor of HSP110 to potentiate XPO1-targeted therapy in primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:148. [PMID: 38773631 PMCID: PMC11110392 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) are distinct hematological malignancies of B-cell origin that share many biological, molecular, and clinical characteristics. In particular, the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is a driver of tumor development due to multiple recurrent mutations, particularly in STAT6. Furthermore, the XPO1 gene that encodes exportin 1 (XPO1) shows a frequent point mutation (E571K) resulting in an altered export of hundreds of cargo proteins, which may impact the success of future therapies in PMBL and cHL. Therefore, targeted therapies have been envisioned for these signaling pathways and mutations. METHODS To identify novel molecular targets that could overcome the treatment resistance that occurs in PMBL and cHL patients, we have explored the efficacy of a first-in-class HSP110 inhibitor (iHSP110-33) alone and in combination with selinexor, a XPO1 specific inhibitor, both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We show that iHSP110-33 decreased the survival of several PMBL and cHL cell lines and the size of tumor xenografts. We demonstrate that HSP110 is a cargo of XPO1wt as well as of XPO1E571K. Using immunoprecipitation, proximity ligation, thermophoresis and kinase assays, we showed that HSP110 directly interacts with STAT6 and favors its phosphorylation. The combination of iHSP110-33 and selinexor induces a synergistic reduction of STAT6 phosphorylation and of lymphoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In biopsies from PMBL patients, we show a correlation between HSP110 and STAT6 phosphorylation levels. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that HSP110 could be proposed as a novel target in PMBL and cHL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Durand
- INSERM, UMR1231, Team HSP-Pathies Labellisée « Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer » and Labex LipSTIC, Dijon, 21000, France
- University of Burgundy, Medical Sciences Faculty, Dijon, 21078, France
| | - Vincent Cabaud Gibouin
- INSERM, UMR1231, Team HSP-Pathies Labellisée « Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer » and Labex LipSTIC, Dijon, 21000, France
- University of Burgundy, Medical Sciences Faculty, Dijon, 21078, France
| | - Laurence Duplomb
- INSERM, UMR1231, Equipe GAD, University of Burgundy, Dijon, 21078, France
| | - Leila Salmi
- INSERM, UMR1231, Team HSP-Pathies Labellisée « Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer » and Labex LipSTIC, Dijon, 21000, France
- University of Burgundy, Medical Sciences Faculty, Dijon, 21078, France
| | | | - Brigitte Sola
- INSERM, U1245, Normandy University, Caen, 14000, France
| | - Vincent Camus
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, 76000, France
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, 76000, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM, UMR1231, Team HSP-Pathies Labellisée « Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer » and Labex LipSTIC, Dijon, 21000, France
- University of Burgundy, Medical Sciences Faculty, Dijon, 21078, France
- Georges François Leclerc Cancer Centre, CGFL, Dijon, France
| | - Gaëtan Jego
- INSERM, UMR1231, Team HSP-Pathies Labellisée « Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer » and Labex LipSTIC, Dijon, 21000, France.
- University of Burgundy, Medical Sciences Faculty, Dijon, 21078, France.
- INSERM, UMR1231, Université Bourgogne, 7 Boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, Dijon, 21078, France.
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Trkulja KL, Manji F, Kuruvilla J, Laister RC. Nuclear Export in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Implications for Targeted XPO1 Inhibitors. Biomolecules 2023; 13:111. [PMID: 36671496 PMCID: PMC9855521 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exportin-1 (XPO1) is a key player in the nuclear export pathway and is overexpressed in almost all cancers. This is especially relevant for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), where high XPO1 expression is associated with poor prognosis due to its oncogenic role in exporting proteins and RNA that are involved in cancer progression and treatment resistance. Here, we discuss the proteins and RNA transcripts that have been identified as XPO1 cargo in NHL lymphoma including tumour suppressors, immune modulators, and transcription factors, and their implications for oncogenesis. We then highlight the research to date on XPO1 inhibitors such as selinexor and other selective inhibitors of nuclear export (SINEs), which are used to treat some cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies investigating the anti-cancer effects of SINEs from bench to bedside, both as a single agent and in combination, are also reported. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the current research landscape and future directions to better understand and improve the clinical utility of SINE compounds in NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyla L. Trkulja
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 27 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Farheen Manji
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - John Kuruvilla
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 27 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
| | - Rob C. Laister
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, 610 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
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Nie D, Xiao X, Chen J, Xie S, Xiao J, Yang W, Liu H, Wang J, Ma L, Du Y, Huang K, Li Y. Prognostic and therapeutic significance of XPO1 in T-cell lymphoma. Exp Cell Res 2022; 416:113180. [PMID: 35489384 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
T-cell lymphoma (TCL) is a highly heterogeneous group of invasive non-Hodgkin lymphoma with adverse prognosis and limited treatment options. The relationship between TCL and Exportin-1 (XPO1), a major nuclear export receptor, has not been established yet. We here investigated the prognostic role and therapeutic implication of XPO1 in TCL. We analyzed XPO1 expression in a cohort of 69 TCL tumors and found that XPO1 was over-expressed in 76.8% of TCL and correlated with decreased progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In vitro treatment of TCL cell lines with KPT-8602, the second-generation selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), inhibited XPO1 expression and showed significant anti-proliferative, cell-cycle arrest and pro-apoptotic efficacy. In mechanism, KPT-8602 restored the localization of cytoplasmic FOXO3A, p27, p21, IκBα and PP2A into the nucleus, leading to AKT and NF-κB deactivation. Our data demonstrate for the first time that XPO1 could be an unfavorable prognostic factor for TCL, and provide a rationale for further investigation of the efficacy of KPT-8602 in TCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danian Nie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiaohui Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jiaoting Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Shuangfeng Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Hongyun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jieyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Liping Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yumo Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Respirology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kezhi Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Yiqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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4
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Abeykoon JP, Hampel PJ, King RL, Wood AJ, Larson MC, Nowakowski KE, Zanwar SS, Dasari S, Ruan GJ, Ravindran A, Wellik LE, Paludo J, Link BK, Cerhan JR, Ansell SM, Nowakowski GS, Thompson CA, Maurer MJ, Wenzl K, Novak AJ, Wu X, Habermann TM, Witzig TE. The significance of gradient expression of chromosome region maintenance protein 1 (exportin1) in large cell lymphoma. Haematologica 2021; 106:2261-2264. [PMID: 33657788 PMCID: PMC8327726 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.278277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul J Hampel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Rebecca L King
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Adam J Wood
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - Melissa C Larson
- Department of Health Sciences Research,Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905
| | | | | | - Surendra Dasari
- Department of Health Sciences Research,Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905
| | - Gordon J Ruan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Aishwarya Ravindran
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | | | - Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Brian K Link
- Division of Hematology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - James R Cerhan
- Department of Health Sciences Research,Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905
| | | | | | | | - Matthew J Maurer
- Department of Health Sciences Research,Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905
| | - Kerstin Wenzl
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Anne J Novak
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Xiaosheng Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
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5
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Abeykoon JP, Wu X, Nowakowski KE, Dasari S, Paludo J, Weroha SJ, Hu C, Hou X, Sarkaria JN, Mladek AC, Phillips JL, Feldman AL, Ravindran A, King RL, Boysen J, Stenson MJ, Carr RM, Manske MK, Molina JR, Kapoor P, Parikh SA, Kumar S, Robinson SI, Yu J, Boughey JC, Wang L, Goetz MP, Couch FJ, Patnaik MM, Witzig TE. Salicylates enhance CRM1 inhibitor antitumor activity by induction of S-phase arrest and impairment of DNA-damage repair. Blood 2021; 137:513-523. [PMID: 33507295 PMCID: PMC7845010 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome region maintenance protein 1 (CRM1) mediates protein export from the nucleus and is a new target for anticancer therapeutics. Broader application of KPT-330 (selinexor), a first-in-class CRM1 inhibitor recently approved for relapsed multiple myeloma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, have been limited by substantial toxicity. We discovered that salicylates markedly enhance the antitumor activity of CRM1 inhibitors by extending the mechanisms of action beyond CRM1 inhibition. Using salicylates in combination enables targeting of a range of blood cancers with a much lower dose of selinexor, thereby potentially mitigating prohibitive clinical adverse effects. Choline salicylate (CS) with low-dose KPT-330 (K+CS) had potent, broad activity across high-risk hematological malignancies and solid-organ cancers ex vivo and in vivo. The K+CS combination was not toxic to nonmalignant cells as compared with malignant cells and was safe without inducing toxicity to normal organs in mice. Mechanistically, compared with KPT-330 alone, K+CS suppresses the expression of CRM1, Rad51, and thymidylate synthase proteins, leading to more efficient inhibition of CRM1-mediated nuclear export, impairment of DNA-damage repair, reduced pyrimidine synthesis, cell-cycle arrest in S-phase, and cell apoptosis. Moreover, the addition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors further potentiates the K+CS antitumor effect. K+CS represents a new class of therapy for multiple types of blood cancers and will stimulate future investigations to exploit DNA-damage repair and nucleocytoplasmic transport for cancer therapy in general.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Choline/administration & dosage
- Choline/adverse effects
- Choline/analogs & derivatives
- Choline/pharmacology
- DNA Repair/drug effects
- DNA Replication/drug effects
- DNA, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Combinations
- Drug Synergism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Hydrazines/administration & dosage
- Hydrazines/adverse effects
- Hydrazines/pharmacology
- Karyopherins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/genetics
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Phthalazines/administration & dosage
- Phthalazines/pharmacology
- Piperazines/administration & dosage
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Random Allocation
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/antagonists & inhibitors
- S Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Salicylates/administration & dosage
- Salicylates/adverse effects
- Salicylates/pharmacology
- Triazoles/administration & dosage
- Triazoles/adverse effects
- Triazoles/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Exportin 1 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaosheng Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | | | - Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | - Chunling Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aishwarya Ravindran
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and
| | - Rebecca L King
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and
| | - Justin Boysen
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shaji Kumar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Health Sciences Research
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
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JAK3 Is Expressed in the Nucleus of Malignant T Cells in Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma (CTCL). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020280. [PMID: 33466582 PMCID: PMC7828698 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary JAK3 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. JAK3 belongs to the Janus kinase family of receptor-associated tyrosine kinases located in cytoplasm adjacent to the plasma membrane. In this study, we show that JAK3 can also be ectopically expressed in the nucleus in CTCL cell lines and primary cells from CTCL patients. Importantly, JAK3 interacts with the nuclear protein RNA polymerase II and phosphorylates Histone H3. Thus, our data provide first evidence for nuclear expression of JAK3 and interactions with key nuclear proteins in malignant T cells suggesting a novel non-canonical role in CTCL. Abstract Perturbation in JAK-STAT signaling has been reported in the pathogenesis of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). JAK3 is predominantly associated with the intra-cytoplasmic part of IL-2Rγc located in the plasma membrane of hematopoietic cells. Here we demonstrate that JAK3 is also ectopically expressed in the nucleus of malignant T cells. We detected nuclear JAK3 in various CTCL cell lines and primary malignant T cells from patients with Sézary syndrome, a leukemic variant of CTCL. Nuclear localization of JAK3 was independent of its kinase activity whereas STAT3 had a modest effect on nuclear JAK3 expression. Moreover, JAK3 nuclear localization was only weakly affected by blockage of nuclear export. An inhibitor of the nuclear export protein CRM1, Leptomycin B, induced an increased expression of SOCS3 in the nucleus, but only a weak increase in nuclear JAK3. Importantly, immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that JAK3 interacts with the nuclear protein POLR2A, the catalytic subunit of RNA Polymerase II. Kinase assays showed tyrosine phosphorylation of recombinant human Histone H3 by JAK3 in vitro—an effect which was blocked by the JAK inhibitor (Tofacitinib citrate). In conclusion, we provide the first evidence of nuclear localization of JAK3 in malignant T cells. Our findings suggest that JAK3 may have a cytokine-receptor independent function in the nucleus of malignant T cells, and thus a novel non-canonical role in CTCL.
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Targeting nuclear import and export in hematological malignancies. Leukemia 2020; 34:2875-2886. [PMID: 32624581 PMCID: PMC7584478 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0958-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The transport of proteins across the nuclear membrane is a highly regulated process, essential for the cell function. This transport is actively mediated by members of the karyopherin family, termed importins, or exportins, depending on the direction of transport. These proteins play an active part in tumorigenesis, through aberrant localization of their cargoes, which include oncogenes, tumor-suppressor genes and mediators of key signal transduction pathways. Overexpression of importins and exportins is reported in many malignancies, with implications in cell growth and viability, differentiation, drug resistance, and tumor microenvironment. Given their broad significance across tumors and pathways, much effort is being put to develop specific inhibitors as a novel anticancer therapeutics. Already, selinexor, a specific inhibitor of exportin-1 (XPO1), is approved for clinical use. This review will focus on the role of importins and exportins in hematological malignancies. We will discuss current preclinical and clinical data on importins and exportins, and demonstrate how our growing understanding of their functions has identified new therapeutic targets.
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Liu X, Tu Y, Wang Y, Zhou D, Chong Y, Shi L, Liu G, Zhang X, Wu S, Li H, Gao S, Niu M, Yu R. Reversible inhibitor of CRM1 sensitizes glioblastoma cells to radiation by blocking the NF-κB signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:97. [PMID: 32256206 PMCID: PMC7106748 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01186-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κΒ) through DNA damage is one of the causes of tumor cell resistance to radiotherapy. Chromosome region 1 (CRM1) regulates tumor cell proliferation, drug resistance, and radiation resistance by regulating the nuclear-cytoplasmic translocation of important tumor suppressor proteins or proto-oncoproteins. A large number of studies have reported that inhibition of CRM1 suppresses the activation of NF-κΒ. Thus, we hypothesize that the reversible CRM1 inhibitor S109 may induce radiosensitivity in glioblastoma (GBM) by regulating the NF-κΒ signaling pathway. METHODS This study utilized the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), and colony formation assay to evaluate the effect of S109 combined with radiotherapy on the proliferation and survival of GBM cells. The therapeutic efficacy of S109 combined with radiotherapy was evaluated in vivo to explore the therapeutic mechanism of S109-induced GBM radiosensitization. RESULTS We found that S109 combined with radiotherapy significantly inhibited GBM cell proliferation and colony formation. By regulating the levels of multiple cell cycle- and apoptosis-related proteins, the combination therapy induced G1 cell cycle arrest in GBM cells. In vivo studies showed that S109 combined with radiotherapy significantly inhibited the growth of intracranial GBM and prolonged survival. Importantly, we found that S109 combined with radiotherapy promoted the nuclear accumulation of IκΒα, and inhibited phosphorylation of p65 and the transcriptional activation of NF-κΒ. CONCLUSION Our findings provide a new therapeutic regimen for improving GBM radiosensitivity as well as a scientific basis for further clinical trials to evaluate this combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Liu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Yiming Tu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Di Zhou
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Yulong Chong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suqian Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu China
| | - Lin Shi
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Guanzheng Liu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Sijin Wu
- College of pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH USA
| | - Huan Li
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Shangfeng Gao
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Mingshan Niu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Insititute of Nervous System Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu China
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