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Zhu G, Luo L, He Y, Xiao Y, Cai Z, Tong W, Deng W, Xie J, Zhong Y, Hu Z, Shan R. AURKB targets DHX9 to promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1814-1826. [PMID: 38874176 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Aurora kinase B (AURKB) is known to play a carcinogenic role in a variety of cancers, but its underlying mechanism in liver cancer is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of AURKB in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its underlying molecular mechanism. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that AURKB was significantly overexpressed in HCC tissues and cell lines, and its high expression was associated with a poorer prognosis in HCC patients. Furthermore, downregulation of AURKB inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, induced apoptosis, and caused cell cycle arrest. Moreover, AURKB downregulation also inhibited lung metastasis of HCC. AURKB interacted with DExH-Box helicase 9 (DHX9) and targeted its expression in HCC cells. Rescue experiments further demonstrated that AURKB targeting DHX9 promoted HCC progression through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Our results suggest that AURKB is significantly highly expressed in HCC and correlates with patient prognosis. Targeting DHX9 with AURKB promotes HCC progression via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Nanchang, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Laihui Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yongzhu He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yongqiang Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ziwei Cai
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Weilai Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jin Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yanxin Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zhigao Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Renfeng Shan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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Zhao Z, Zhou Y, Lv P, Zhou T, Liu H, Xie Y, Wu Z, Wang X, Zhao H, Zheng J, Jiang X. NSUN4 mediated RNA 5-methylcytosine promotes the malignant progression of glioma through improving the CDC42 mRNA stabilization. Cancer Lett 2024; 597:217059. [PMID: 38876383 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
5-Methylcytosine (m5C) methylation is a significant post-transcriptional modification that play a crucial role in the development and progression of numerous cancers. Whereas the functions and molecular mechanisms underlying m5C methylation in gliomas remain unclear. This study dedicated to explore changes of m5C levels and the clinical significance of the m5C writer NSUN4 in gliomas. We found that high m5C levels were negatively related to prognosis of patients with glioma. Moreover, gain- and loss-of-function experiments revealed the role of NSUN4 in enhancing m5C modification of mRNA to promote the malignant progression of glioma. Mechanistically speaking, NSUN4-mediated m5C alterations regulated ALYREF binding to CDC42 mRNA, thereby impacting the mRNA stability of CDC42. We also demonstrated that CDC42 promoted glioma proliferation, migration, and invasion by activating the PI3K-AKT pathway. Additionally, rescue experiments proved that CDC42 overexpression weaken the inhibitory effect of NSUN4 knockdown on the malignant progression of gliomas in vitro and in vivo. Our findings elucidated that NSUN4-mediated high m5C levels promote ALYREF binding to CDC42 mRNA and regulate its stability, thereby driving the malignant progression of glioma. This provides theoretical support for targeted the treatment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Peng Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hanyuan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Youxi Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hongyang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Jianglin Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Li T, Jiang S, Li T, Xu H, Zhang X, Yan R, Wu X, Jin Y, Wang Z. Exploring the Potential of Cyclic Peptidyl Antitumor Agents Derived from Natural Macrocyclic Peptide Phakellistatin 13. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11789-11813. [PMID: 38990190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of novel anticancer compounds based on natural cyclopeptides has emerged as a pivotal paradigm in the contemporary advancement of macrocyclic pharmaceuticals. Phakellistatin 13 is a cycloheptapeptide derived from the brown snubby sponge and exhibits remarkable antitumor activity. In this study, we have designed and synthesized a series of chiral cyclopeptides incorporating the rigid isoindolinone moiety at various sites within the natural cycloheptapeptide Phakellistatin 13, with the aim of investigating conformationally constrained cyclopeptides as potential antitumor agents. Cyclopeptide 3, comprising alternating l-/d-amino acid residues, exhibited promising antihepatocellular carcinoma effects. Detailed biological experiments have revealed that Phakellistatin 13 analogs effectively inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and induce apoptosis and autophagy, while also causing cell cycle arrest through the modulation of the p53 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. This study not only provides valuable insights into chemical structural modifications but also contributes to a deeper understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the development of natural cyclopeptide-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Shitian Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Hongyu Xu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Yingxue Jin
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
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Wang T, Tyler RE, Ilaka O, Cooper D, Farokhnia M, Leggio L. The crosstalk between fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) system and substance use. iScience 2024; 27:110389. [PMID: 39055947 PMCID: PMC11269927 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Existing literature indicates that communication between the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system is disrupted by substance use disorders (SUDs), including alcohol use disorder (AUD). Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a liver-brain axis hormone governing energy homeostasis, has been shown to modulate alcohol intake/preference and other substances. To further elucidate the relationship between FGF21, alcohol use, and other substance use, we conducted a scoping review to explore the association between FGF21 and SUDs. Increases in FGF21 reduce alcohol consumption while suppressing FGF21 increases alcohol consumption, demonstrating an inverse relationship. Alcohol elevates FGF21 levels primarily via the liver, subsequently promoting neuronal signals to curb alcohol intake. FGF21 activation engages molecular pathways that defend against alcohol-induced fat accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Considering the bidirectional association between FGF21 and alcohol, further studies on the FGF21 system as a potential pharmacotherapy for AUD and alcohol-associated liver disease are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Wang
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ryan E. Tyler
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Oyenike Ilaka
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Diane Cooper
- National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mehdi Farokhnia
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lorenzo Leggio
- Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Translational Addiction Medicine Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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5
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Song J, Ham J, Song G, Lim W. Osthole Suppresses Cell Growth of Prostate Cancer by Disrupting Redox Homeostasis, Mitochondrial Function, and Regulation of tiRNA HisGTG. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:669. [PMID: 38929108 PMCID: PMC11201130 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains a significant global health concern, posing a substantial threat to men's well-being. Despite advancements in treatment modalities, the progression of prostate cancer still presents challenges, warranting further exploration of novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, osthole, a natural coumarin derivative, inhibited cell viability in cancer cells but not in the normal prostate cell line. Moreover, osthole disrupted cell cycle progression. Furthermore, osthole reduces mitochondrial respiration with mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) depolarization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, indicating mitochondrial dysfunction. In particular, osthole-induced ROS generation was reduced by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) in prostate cancer. In addition, using calcium inhibitors (2-APB and ruthenium red) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor (4-PBA), we confirmed that ER stress-induced calcium overload by osthole causes mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, we verified that the osthole-induced upregulation of tiRNAHisGTG expression is related to mechanisms that induce permeabilization of the mitochondrial membrane and calcium accumulation. Regarding intracellular signaling, osthole inactivated the PI3K and ERK pathways while activating the expression of the P38, JNK, ER stress, and autophagy-related proteins. In conclusion, the results suggest that osthole can be used as a therapeutic or adjuvant treatment for the management of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisoo Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jiyeon Ham
- Division of Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea;
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Li X, Xiao Y, Li P, Zhu Y, Guo Y, Bian H, Li Z. Sialyltransferase ST3GAL6 silencing reduces α2,3-sialylated glycans to regulate autophagy by decreasing HSPB8-BAG3 in the brain with hepatic encephalopathy. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:485-498. [PMID: 38910494 PMCID: PMC11199091 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
End-stage liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and liver cancer caused by hepatitis B, are often combined with hepatic encephalopathy (HE); ammonia poisoning is posited as one of its main pathogenesis mechanisms. Ammonia is closely related to autophagy, but the molecular mechanism of ammonia's regulatory effect on autophagy in HE remains unclear. Sialylation is an essential form of glycosylation. In the nervous system, abnormal sialylation affects various physiological processes, such as neural development and synapse formation. ST3 β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase 6 (ST3GAL6) is one of the significant glycosyltransferases responsible for adding α2,3-linked sialic acid to substrates and generating glycan structures. We found that the expression of ST3GAL6 was upregulated in the brains of mice with HE and in astrocytes after ammonia induction, and the expression levels of α2,3-sialylated glycans and autophagy-related proteins microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin-1 were upregulated in ammonia-induced astrocytes. These findings suggest that ST3GAL6 is related to autophagy in HE. Therefore, we aimed to determine the regulatory relationship between ST3GAL6 and autophagy. We found that silencing ST3GAL6 and blocking or degrading α2,3-sialylated glycans by way of Maackia amurensis lectin-II (MAL-II) and neuraminidase can inhibit autophagy. In addition, silencing the expression of ST3GAL6 can downregulate the expression of heat shock protein β8 (HSPB8) and Bcl2-associated athanogene 3 (BAG3). Notably, the overexpression of HSPB8 partially restored the reduced autophagy levels caused by silencing ST3GAL6 expression. Our results indicate that ST3GAL6 regulates autophagy through the HSPB8-BAG3 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocheng Li
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yaqing Xiao
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Medical Experiment Center, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Yayun Zhu
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yonghong Guo
- The Infectious Disease Department, Gongli Hospital, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 200135, China. ,
| | - Huijie Bian
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China. ,
| | - Zheng Li
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Shen W, Yang M, Chen H, He C, Li H, Yang X, Zhuo J, Lin Z, Hu Z, Lu D, Xu X. FGF21-mediated autophagy: Remodeling the homeostasis in response to stress in liver diseases. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101027. [PMID: 38292187 PMCID: PMC10825283 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases are worldwide problems closely associated with various stresses, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress. The exact interplay between stress and liver diseases remains unclear. Autophagy plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis, and recent studies indicate tight crosstalk between stress and autophagy in liver diseases. Once the balance between damage and autophagy is broken, autophagy can no longer resist injury or maintain homeostasis. In recent years, FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21)-induced autophagy has attracted much attention. FGF21 is regarded as a stress hormone and can be up-regulated by an abundance of signaling pathways in response to stress. Also, increased FGF21 activates autophagy by a complicated signaling network in which mTOR plays a pivotal role. This review summarizes the mechanism of FGF21-mediated autophagy and its derived application in the defense of stress in liver diseases and offers a glimpse into its promising prospect in future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shen
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Modan Yang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Chiyu He
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Huigang Li
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Jianyong Zhuo
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Zuyuan Lin
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Zhihang Hu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Di Lu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Oncology and Intelligent Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
- The Institute for Organ Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Liver Transplant, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
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8
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Hu C, Qiao W, Li X, Ning ZK, Liu J, Dalangood S, Li H, Yu X, Zong Z, Wen Z, Gui J. Tumor-secreted FGF21 acts as an immune suppressor by rewiring cholesterol metabolism of CD8 +T cells. Cell Metab 2024; 36:630-647.e8. [PMID: 38309268 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Tumors employ diverse strategies for immune evasion. Unraveling the mechanisms by which tumors suppress anti-tumor immunity facilitates the development of immunotherapies. Here, we have identified tumor-secreted fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) as a pivotal immune suppressor. FGF21 is upregulated in multiple types of tumors and promotes tumor progression. Tumor-secreted FGF21 significantly disrupts anti-tumor immunity by rewiring cholesterol metabolism of CD8+T cells. Mechanistically, FGF21 sustains the hyperactivation of AKT-mTORC1-sterol regulatory-element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) signal axis in the activated CD8+T cells, resulting in the augment of cholesterol biosynthesis and T cell exhaustion. FGF21 knockdown or blockade using a neutralizing antibody normalizes AKT-mTORC1 signaling and reduces excessive cholesterol accumulation in CD8+T cells, thus restoring CD8+T cytotoxic function and robustly suppressing tumor growth. Our findings reveal FGF21 as a "secreted immune checkpoint" that hampers anti-tumor immunity, suggesting that inhibiting FGF21 could be a valuable strategy to enhance the cancer immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cegui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Wen Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhi-Kun Ning
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Sumiya Dalangood
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Hanjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Zhenke Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jun Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
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Liang H, Yin G, Shi G, Liu Z, Liu X, Li J. Echinacoside regulates PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF cross signaling axis in proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer. Anal Biochem 2024; 684:115360. [PMID: 37865269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Echinacoside (ECH) is a natural anti-cancer compound and is of great value in cancer treatment. However, the mechanism underlying this effect on breast cancer (BC) was unclear. OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of ECH treating BC by network pharmacology and experimental validation. MATERIALS & METHODS Several databases were searched to screen potential targets of ECH and obtain information on targets related to BC. STRING was applied to construct a Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. DAVID was applied for Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was searched for the relationship between the expression profile and overall survival of major targets in normal breast and BC tissues. Finally, the results of network pharmacology analysis were validated by experiments. RESULTS Seventeen targets of ECH overlapped with targets in BC. Ten hub targets were determined through PPI. By GO and KEGG analysis 15 entries and 25 pathways were obtained, in which phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) played greater roles. Validation of key targets in the GEPIA database showed that PIK3R1 and PIK3CD remained consistent with the results of the study. Experiments in vitro showed ECH inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis and reduced mRNA levels and protein expression of PI3K, AKT, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, experiments in vivo revealed that ECH significantly reduced tumor growth, promoted apoptosis and decreased the related mRNA levels and protein expression, suggesting ECH works on BC by regulating PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION In summary, ECH played an important role in anti-BC by regulating PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway. Furthermore, ECH had multi-target and multi-pathway effects, which may be a promising natural compound for treating BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Liang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoliang Yin
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxi Shi
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingwei Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Li S, Chen J, Wei P, Zou T, You J. Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Fascinating Perspective on the Regulation of Muscle Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16951. [PMID: 38069273 PMCID: PMC10707024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) plays a vital role in normal eukaryotic organism development and homeostatic metabolism under the influence of internal and external factors such as endogenous hormone changes and exogenous stimuli. Over the last few decades, comprehensive studies have revealed the key role of FGF21 in regulating many fundamental metabolic pathways, including the muscle stress response, insulin signaling transmission, and muscle development. By coordinating these metabolic pathways, FGF21 is thought to contribute to acclimating to a stressful environment and the subsequent recovery of cell and tissue homeostasis. With the emphasis on FGF21, we extensively reviewed the research findings on the production and regulation of FGF21 and its role in muscle metabolism. We also emphasize how the FGF21 metabolic networks mediate mitochondrial dysfunction, glycogen consumption, and myogenic development and investigate prospective directions for the functional exploitation of FGF21 and its downstream effectors, such as the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tiande Zou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (S.L.); (J.C.); (P.W.)
| | - Jinming You
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (S.L.); (J.C.); (P.W.)
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11
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Bondi D, Bevere M, Piccirillo R, Sorci G, Di Felice V, Re Cecconi AD, D'Amico D, Pietrangelo T, Fulle S. Integrated procedures for accelerating, deepening, and leading genetic inquiry: A first application on human muscle secretome. Mol Genet Metab 2023; 140:107705. [PMID: 37837864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2023.107705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Beyond classical procedures, bioinformatic-assisted approaches and computational biology offer unprecedented opportunities for scholars. However, these amazing possibilities still need epistemological criticism, as well as standardized procedures. Especially those topics with a huge body of data may benefit from data science (DS)-assisted methods. Therefore, the current study dealt with the combined expert-assisted and DS-assisted approaches to address the broad field of muscle secretome. We aimed to apply DS tools to fix the literature research, suggest investigation targets with a data-driven approach, predict possible scenarios, and define a workflow. METHODS Recognized scholars with expertise on myokines were invited to provide a list of the most important myokines. GeneRecommender, GeneMANIA, HumanNet, and STRING were selected as DS tools. Networks were built on STRING and GeneMANIA. The outcomes of DS tools included the top 5 recommendations. Each expert-led discussion has been then integrated with an DS-led approach to provide further perspectives. RESULTS Among the results, 11 molecules had already been described as bona-fide myokines in literature, and 11 molecules were putative myokines. Most of the myokines and the putative myokines recommended by the DS tools were described as present in the cargo of extracellular vesicles. CONCLUSIONS Including both supervised and unsupervised learning methods, as well as encompassing algorithms focused on both protein interaction and gene represent a comprehensive approach to tackle complex biomedical topics. DS-assisted methods for reviewing existent evidence, recommending targets of interest, and predicting original scenarios are worth exploring as in silico recommendations to be integrated with experts' ideas for optimizing molecular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Bondi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia, Italy.
| | - Michele Bevere
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Rosanna Piccirillo
- Department of Neurosciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Guglielmo Sorci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia, Italy.
| | - Valentina Di Felice
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Andrea David Re Cecconi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniela D'Amico
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Pietrangelo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia, Italy.
| | - Stefania Fulle
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Perugia, Italy.
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12
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Zhong J, Yuan C, Liu L, Du Y, Hui Y, Chen Z, Diao C, Yang R, Liu G, Liu X. PCMT1 regulates the migration, invasion, and apoptosis of prostate cancer through modulating the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:11654-11671. [PMID: 37899170 PMCID: PMC10637816 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Protein L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase (PCMT1) is a repair enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of isomerized aspartic acid (iso-Asp) residues into their normal structure, thereby restoring the configuration and function of proteins. Studies have shown that PCMT1 is overexpressed in several tumors and affects patients' prognosis. However, there are few reports on the role of PCMT1 in prostate cancer (PCa). In the present research, with the assistance of The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) database, we found that PCMT1 was overexpressed in PCa tissues. The results of quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry staining also showed that PCMT1 expression was significantly increased in PCa tissues and cell lines. In PCa clinical samples, PCMT1 expression was closely related to Gleason score, clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and bone metastasis. The experiments of overexpression and knockdown of PCMT1 in vitro or in vivo showed that PCMT1 can significantly promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells, inhibit cell apoptosis, and promote the growth of PCa. We furthermore confirmed that PCMT1 regulated the migration, invasion and apoptosis of PCa cells by modulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT kinase/glycogen-synthase kinase-3β (PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β) signaling pathway. Collectively, PCMT1 plays a cancer-facilitative role in PCa by promoting the proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells, and inhibiting apoptosis. Therefore, PCMT1 is considered to represent a novel target for treating PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Zhong
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Urology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou 434020, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yumin Hui
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Changhui Diao
- Department of Urology, The First People’s Hospital of Shangqiu City, Shangqiu 476100, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Guiyong Liu
- Department of Urology, Qianjiang Central Hospital, Qianjiang 433100, China
| | - Xiuheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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13
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Rezaei S, Nikpanjeh N, Rezaee A, Gholami S, Hashemipour R, Biavarz N, Yousefi F, Tashakori A, Salmani F, Rajabi R, Khorrami R, Nabavi N, Ren J, Salimimoghadam S, Rashidi M, Zandieh MA, Hushmandi K, Wang Y. PI3K/Akt signaling in urological cancers: Tumorigenesis function, therapeutic potential, and therapy response regulation. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 955:175909. [PMID: 37490949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
In addition to environmental conditions, lifestyle factors, and chemical exposure, aberrant gene expression and mutations involve in the beginning and development of urological tumors. Even in Western nations, urological malignancies are among the top causes of patient death, and their prevalence appears to be gender dependent. The prognosis for individuals with urological malignancies remains dismal and unfavorable due to the ineffectiveness of conventional treatment methods. PI3K/Akt is a popular biochemical mechanism that is activated in tumor cells as a result of PTEN loss. PI3K/Akt escalates growth and metastasis. Moreover, due to the increase in tumor cell viability caused by PI3K/Akt activation, cancer cells may acquire resistance to treatment. This review article examines the function of PI3K/Akt in major urological tumors including bladder, prostate, and renal tumors. In prostate, bladder, and kidney tumors, the level of PI3K and Akt are notably elevated. In addition, the activation of PI3K/Akt enhances the levels of Bcl-2 and XIAP, hence increasing the tumor cell survival rate. PI3K/Akt ] upregulates EMT pathways and matrix metalloproteinase expression to increase urological cancer metastasis. Furthermore, stimulation of PI3K/Akt results in drug- and radio-resistant cancers, but its suppression by anti-tumor drugs impedes the tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Rezaei
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Nikpanjeh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aryan Rezaee
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarah Gholami
- Young Researcher and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Reza Hashemipour
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
| | - Negin Biavarz
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnaz Yousefi
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Tashakori
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Salmani
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Romina Rajabi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Khorrami
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Arad Zandieh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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14
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Gu X, Li Q, Qian T, Hu Q, Gu J, Ding W, Li M, Wang M, Lu H, Tao K. FGF21 promotes angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Vascular 2023:17085381231192688. [PMID: 37522318 DOI: 10.1177/17085381231192688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a potentially fatal vascular disorder with a high mortality rate. It was previously reported that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) was highly expressed in AAA patients. Nonetheless, its underlying mechanism in AAA progression is unclarified. METHODS Angiotensin II (Ang-II) was used to induce AAA in human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) and mouse models. Western blotting and RT-qPCR were utilized for measuring protein and RNA levels. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized for detecting LC3B expression in HASMCs. Elastica van Gieson staining was conducted for histological analysis of the abdominal aortas of mice. RESULTS FGF21 displayed a high level in Ang-II-stimulated HASMCs and AAA mice. FGF21 depletion ameliorated abdominal aorta dilation and Ang-II-triggered pathological changes in mice. FGF21 silencing hindered autophagy and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSIONS FGF21 contributes to AAA progression by enhancing autophagy and activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Tianwei Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Jianfeng Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Huan Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
| | - Ke Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu, China
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15
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Li J, Huang X, Chen H, Gu C, Ni B, Zhou J. LINC01088/miR-22/CDC6 Axis Regulates Prostate Cancer Progression by Activating the PI3K/AKT Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:9207148. [PMID: 37501932 PMCID: PMC10371595 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9207148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) harms the male reproductive system, and lncRNA may play an important role in it. Here, we report that the LINC01088/microRNA- (miRNA/miR-) 22/cell division cycle 6 (CDC6) axis regulated through the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases- (PI3K-) protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway controls the development of PCa. Methods lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA associated with PCa was downloaded and analyzed by Gene Expression Omnibus. The expression and correlation of LINC01088/miR-22/CDC6 in PCa were analyzed and verified by RT-qPCR. Dual-luciferase was used to analyze the binding between miR-22 and LINC01088 or CDC6. Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell were used to analyze the effects of LINC01088/miR-22/CDC6 interactions on PCa cell viability or migration/invasion ability. Localization of LINC01088 in cells was analyzed by nuclear cytoplasmic separation. The effect of LINC01088/miR-22/CDC6 interaction on downstream PI3K/AKT signaling was analyzed by Western blot. Results LINC01088 or CDC6 was upregulated in prostate tumor tissues or cells, whereas miR-22 was downregulated, miR-22 directly targets both LINC01088 and CDC6. si-LINC01088 inhibits the PCa process by suppressing the PI3K/AKT pathway. CDC6 reverses si-linc01088-mediated cell growth inhibition and reduction of PI3K and AKT protein levels. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the LINC01088/miR-22/CDC6 axis functions in PCa progression and provide a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Li
- Department of Urology, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Xinghua Huang
- Department of Urology, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Haodong Chen
- Department of Urology, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Caifu Gu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Longgang Central Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Binyu Ni
- Department of Pediatrics, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
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16
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Zhao Z, Cui X, Liao Z. Mechanism of fibroblast growth factor 21 in cardiac remodeling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1202730. [PMID: 37416922 PMCID: PMC10322220 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1202730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is a basic pathological process that enables the progression of multiple cardiac diseases to heart failure. Fibroblast growth factor 21 is considered a regulator in maintaining energy homeostasis and shows a positive role in preventing damage caused by cardiac diseases. This review mainly summarizes the effects and related mechanisms of fibroblast growth factor 21 on pathological processes associated with cardiac remodeling, based on a variety of cells of myocardial tissue. The possibility of Fibroblast growth factor 21 as a promising treatment for the cardiac remodeling process will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Zhao
- Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuemei Cui
- Fourth Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhangping Liao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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17
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Zhang L, Troccoli CI, Mateo-Victoriano B, Lincheta LM, Jackson E, Shu P, Plastini T, Tao W, Kwon D, Chen X, Sharma J, Jorda M, Gulley JL, Bilusic M, Lockhart AC, Beuve A, Rai P. The soluble guanylyl cyclase pathway is inhibited to evade androgen deprivation-induced senescence and enable progression to castration resistance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.03.537252. [PMID: 37205442 PMCID: PMC10187243 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.03.537252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is fatal and therapeutically under-served. We describe a novel CRPC-restraining role for the vasodilatory soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) pathway. We discovered that sGC subunits are dysregulated during CRPC progression and its catalytic product, cyclic GMP (cGMP), is lowered in CRPC patients. Abrogating sGC heterodimer formation in castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC) cells inhibited androgen deprivation (AD)-induced senescence, and promoted castration-resistant tumor growth. We found sGC is oxidatively inactivated in CRPC. Paradoxically, AD restored sGC activity in CRPC cells through redox-protective responses evoked to protect against AD-induced oxidative stress. sGC stimulation via its FDA-approved agonist, riociguat, inhibited castration-resistant growth, and the anti-tumor response correlated with elevated cGMP, indicating on-target sGC activity. Consistent with known sGC function, riociguat improved tumor oxygenation, decreasing the PC stem cell marker, CD44, and enhancing radiation-induced tumor suppression. Our studies thus provide the first evidence for therapeutically targeting sGC via riociguat to treat CRPC. Statement of significance Prostate cancer is the second highest cancer-related cause of death for American men. Once patients progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer, the incurable and fatal stage, there are few viable treatment options available. Here we identify and characterize a new and clinically actionable target, the soluble guanylyl cyclase complex, in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Notably we find that repurposing the FDA-approved and safely tolerated sGC agonist, riociguat, decreases castration-resistant tumor growth and re-sensitizes these tumors to radiation therapy. Thus our study provides both new biology regarding the origins of castration resistance as well as a new and viable treatment option.
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18
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Zhang P, Chen L, Zhou F, He Z, Wang G, Luo Y. NRP1 promotes prostate cancer progression via modulating EGFR-dependent AKT pathway activation. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:159. [PMID: 36841806 PMCID: PMC9958327 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignant tumor with a high global incidence in males. The mechanism underlying PCa progression is still not clear. This study observed that NRP1 was highly expressed in PCa and associated with poor prognosis in PCa patients. Functionally, NRP1 depletion attenuated the proliferation and migration ability of PCa cells in vitro and in vivo, while NRP1 overexpression promoted PCa cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, it was observed that NRP1 depletion induced G1 phase arrest in PCa cells. Mechanistically, HIF1α is bound to the specific promoter region of NRP1, thereby regulating its transcriptional activation. Subsequently, NRP1 interacted with EGFR, leading to EGFR phosphorylation. This study also provided evidence that the b1/b2 domain of NRP1 was responsible for the interaction with the extracellular domain of EGFR. Moreover, EGFR mediated NRP1-induced activation of the AKT signaling pathway, which promoted the malignant progression of PCa. In addition, the administration of NRP1 inhibitor EG01377 significantly inactivated the EGFR/AKT signaling axis, thereby suppressing PCa progression. In conclusion, the findings from this study highlighted the molecular mechanism underlying NRP1 expression in PCa and provide a potential predictor and therapeutic target for clinical prognosis and treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China ,grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China ,grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fenfang Zhou
- grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China ,grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiwen He
- grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China ,grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China. .,Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yongwen Luo
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China. .,Laboratory of Precision Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. .,Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Yang L, Nao J. Focus on Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 and Autophagy. Neuroscience 2023; 511:13-28. [PMID: 36372296 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a disorder of the central nervous system that is typically marked by progressive cognitive impairment and memory loss. Amyloid β plaque deposition and neurofibrillary tangles with hyperphosphorylated tau are the two hallmark pathologies of AD. In mammalian cells, autophagy clears aberrant protein aggregates, thus maintaining proteostasis as well as neuronal health. Autophagy affects production and metabolism of amyloid β and accumulation of phosphorylated tau proteins, whose malfunction can lead to the progression of AD. On the other hand, defective autophagy has been found to induce the production of the neuroprotective factor fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), although the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this review, we highlight the significance of aberrant autophagy in the pathogenesis of AD, discuss the possible mechanisms by which defective autophagy induces FGF21 production, and analyze the potential of FGF21 in the treatment of AD. The findings provide some insights into the potential role of FGF21 and autophagy in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jianfei Nao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
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20
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Yi X, Zhang C, Liu B, Gao G, Tang Y, Lu Y, Pan Z, Wang G, Feng W. Ribosomal protein L22-like1 promotes prostate cancer progression by activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:403-411. [PMID: 36625246 PMCID: PMC9889667 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in men. Ribosomal protein L22-like1 (RPL22L1), a component of the ribosomal 60 S subunit, is associated with cancer progression, but the role and potential mechanism of RPL22L1 in PCa remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of RPL22L1 in PCa progression and the mechanisms involved. Bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the expression of RPL22L1 was significantly higher in PCa tissues than in normal prostate tissues. The cell function analysis revealed that RPL22L1 significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of PCa cells. The data of xenograft tumour assay suggested that the low expression of RPL22L1 inhibited the growth and invasion of PCa cells in vivo. Mechanistically, the results of Western blot proved that RPL22L1 activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in PCa cells. Additionally, LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K/Akt pathway, was used to block this pathway. The results showed that LY294002 remarkably abrogated the oncogenic effect of RPL22L1 on PCa cell proliferation and invasion. Taken together, our study demonstrated that RPL22L1 is a key gene in PCa progression and promotes PCa cell proliferation and invasion via PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, thus potentially providing a new target for PCa therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yi
- School of Life Science and TechnologyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Urology SurgeryShandong Cancer Hospital and InstituteJinanChina,Department of Urology SurgeryShandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinanChina
| | - Baojie Liu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Guojun Gao
- Department of Urology SurgeryAffiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Yaqi Tang
- School of Life Science and TechnologyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Yongzheng Lu
- School of Life Science and TechnologyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Zhifang Pan
- School of Life Science and TechnologyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Guohui Wang
- School of Life Science and TechnologyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
| | - Weiguo Feng
- School of Life Science and TechnologyWeifang Medical UniversityWeifangChina
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21
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Sollazzo M, De Luise M, Lemma S, Bressi L, Iorio M, Miglietta S, Milioni S, Kurelac I, Iommarini L, Gasparre G, Porcelli AM. Respiratory Complex I dysfunction in cancer: from a maze of cellular adaptive responses to potential therapeutic strategies. FEBS J 2022; 289:8003-8019. [PMID: 34606156 PMCID: PMC10078660 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria act as key organelles in cellular bioenergetics and biosynthetic processes producing signals that regulate different molecular networks for proliferation and cell death. This ability is also preserved in pathologic contexts such as tumorigenesis, during which bioenergetic changes and metabolic reprogramming confer flexibility favoring cancer cell survival in a hostile microenvironment. Although different studies epitomize mitochondrial dysfunction as a protumorigenic hit, genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition of respiratory complex I causing a severe impairment is associated with a low-proliferative phenotype. In this scenario, it must be considered that despite the initial delay in growth, cancer cells may become able to resume proliferation exploiting molecular mechanisms to overcome growth arrest. Here, we highlight the current knowledge on molecular responses activated by complex I-defective cancer cells to bypass physiological control systems and to re-adapt their fitness during microenvironment changes. Such adaptive mechanisms could reveal possible novel molecular players in synthetic lethality with complex I impairment, thus providing new synergistic strategies for mitochondrial-based anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Sollazzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica De Luise
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Lemma
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Licia Bressi
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Iorio
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Miglietta
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Milioni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ivana Kurelac
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Centro di Studio e Ricerca sulle Neoplasie (CSR) Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa Iommarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Centro di Studio e Ricerca sulle Neoplasie (CSR) Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gasparre
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Centro di Studio e Ricerca sulle Neoplasie (CSR) Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Porcelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Centro di Studio e Ricerca sulle Neoplasie (CSR) Ginecologiche, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (CIRI) Life Sciences and Technologies for Health, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
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22
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Increased Expression of the RBPMS Splice Variants Inhibits Cell Proliferation in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314742. [PMID: 36499073 PMCID: PMC9738375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-Binding Protein with Multiple Splicing (RBPMS) is a member of family proteins that bind to nascent RNA transcripts and regulate their splicing, localization, and stability. Evidence indicates that RBPMS controls the activity of transcription factors associated with cell growth and proliferation, including AP-1 and Smads. Three major RBPMS protein splice variants (RBPMSA, RBPMSB, and RBPMSC) have been described in the literature. We previously reported that reduced RBPMS levels decreased the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin treatment. However, little is known about the biological role of the RBPMS splice variants in ovarian cancer cells. We performed RT-PCR and Western blots and observed that both RBPMSA and RBPMSC are reduced at the mRNA and protein levels in cisplatin resistant as compared with cisplatin sensitive ovarian cancer cells. The mRNA and protein levels of RBPMSB were not detectable in any of the ovarian cancer cells tested. To better understand the biological role of each RBPMSA and RBPMSC, we transfected these two splice variants in the A2780CP20 and OVCAR3CIS cisplatin resistant ovarian cancer cells and performed cell proliferation, cell migration, and invasion assays. Compared with control clones, a significant reduction in the number of colonies, colony size, cell migration, and invasion was observed with RBPMSA and RBPMSC overexpressed cells. Moreover, A2780CP20-RBPMSA and A2780CP20-RBPMSC clones showed reduced senescence-associated β-galactosidase (β-Gal)-levels when compared with control clones. A2780CP20-RBPMSA clones were more sensitive to cisplatin treatment as compared with A2780CP20-RBPMSC clones. The A2780CP20-RBPMSA and A2780CP20-RBPMSC clones subcutaneously injected into athymic nude mice formed smaller tumors as compared with A2780CP20-EV control group. Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis showed lower proliferation (Ki67) and angiogenesis (CD31) staining in tissue sections of A2780CP20-RBPMSA and A2780CP20-RBPMSC tumors compared with controls. RNAseq studies revealed many common RNA transcripts altered in A2780CP20-RBPMSA and A2780CP20-RBPMSC clones. Unique RNA transcripts deregulated by each RBPMS variant were also observed. Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter database information identified clinically relevant RBPMSA and RBPMSC downstream effectors. These studies suggest that increased levels of RBPMSA and RBPMSC reduce cell proliferation in ovarian cancer cells. However, only RBPMSA expression levels were associated with the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin treatment.
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23
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SUI Y, CHEN J. Hepatic FGF21: Its Emerging Role in Inter-Organ Crosstalk and Cancers. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:5928-5942. [PMID: 36263162 PMCID: PMC9576513 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.76924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 is one of the FGF members with special endocrine properties. In the last twenty years, it has attracted intense research and development for its physiological functions that respond to dietary manipulation, pharmacological benefits of improving the macronutrient metabolism, and clinical values as a biomarker of various human diseases. Generally, FGF21 can be produced by major metabolic organs, but only the subgroup from the liver shows canonical endocrine properties, which emphasizes the special value of delineating the unique secretory and functional characteristics of hepatic FGF21. There has been a growth in literature to address the extra-hepatic activities of FGF21, and many striking findings have therefore been published. Yet, they are fragmented and scattered, and controversies are raised from divergent findings. For this reason, there is a need for a systematic and critical evaluation of current research in this aspect. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge about the molecular biology of endocrine FGF21, especially present details on the regulation of circulating levels of FGF21. We also emphasize its emerging roles in inter-organ crosstalk and cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue SUI
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianping CHEN
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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24
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You X, Wu Y, Li Q, Sheng W, Zhou Q, Fu W. Astragalus–Scorpion Drug Pair Inhibits the Development of Prostate Cancer by Regulating GDPD4-2/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway and Autophagy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:895696. [PMID: 35847007 PMCID: PMC9277392 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.895696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Prostate cancer (PCa) is an epithelial malignancy of the prostate that currently lacks effective treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can play an anticancer role through regulating the immune system, anti-tumor angiogenesis, regulating tumor cell apoptosis, autophagy dysfunction, and other mechanisms. This study attempted to explore the active ingredients and potential mechanism of action of the Astragalus–Scorpion (A–S) drug pair in PCa, in order to provide new insights into the treatment of PCa. Methods: Network pharmacology was used to analyze the A–S drug pair and PCa targets. Bioinformatics analysis was used to analyze the LncRNAs with significant differences in PCa. The expression of LC3 protein was detected by immunofluorescence. CCK8 was used to detect cell proliferation. The expressions of GDPD4-2, AC144450.1, LINC01513, AC004009.2, AL096869.1, AP005210.1, and BX119924.1 were detected by RT-qPCR. The expression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and autophagy-related proteins were detected by western blot. LC-MS/MS was used to identify the active components of Astragalus and Scorpion. Results: A–S drug pair and PCa have a total of 163 targets, which were mainly related to the prostate cancer and PI3K/AKT pathways. A–S drug pair inhibited the formation of PCa, promoted the expression of LC3Ⅱ and Beclin1 proteins, and inhibited the expression of P62 and PI3K–AKT pathway proteins in PCa mice. Astragaloside IV and polypeptide extract from scorpion venom (PESV) were identified as the main active components of the A–S drug pair. GDPD4-2 was involved in the treatment of PCa by Astragaloside IV-PESV. Silencing GDPD4-2 reversed the therapeutic effects of Astragaloside IV-PESV by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Conclusion: Astragaloside IV-PESV is the main active components of A–S drug pair treated PCa by regulating the GDPD4-2/PI3K–AKT/mTOR pathway and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujun You
- Graduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongrong Wu
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qixin Li
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wen Sheng
- Andrology Laboratory, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Zhou, ; Wei Fu,
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Qing Zhou, ; Wei Fu,
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25
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Li YJ, Hu PP, Zhang Z, Yuan ZH, Yang K, Sun ZL. Protective autophagy alleviates neurotoxin-gelsenicine induced apoptosis through PERK signaling pathway in Neuro-2a cells. Toxicology 2022; 474:153210. [PMID: 35588915 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gelsemium elegans Benth. (G. elegans) showed significant biological activities, but it has the side effects of neurotoxicity, predominantly in the form of respiratory depression. Gelsenicine is the main toxic constituent of G. elegans which is highly neurotoxic to humans and animals. Although the acute neurotoxicity of gelsenicine has been widely reported, but neurotoxicity mechanisms have not been elucidated and its direct effect on nerve cells remains poorly characterized. In this study, Neuro-2a cells were used to be our object of study for determining the mechanism by which gelsenicine induced neurotoxicity. We found that gelsenicine is neurotoxic to Neuro-2a cells; indeed cell proliferation was inhibited and apoptosis was induced in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, gelsenicine markedly promoted autophagy and activated autophagic flux. Additionally, promoting autophagy with rapamycin decreased apoptosis, whereas blocking autophagy with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) increased apoptosis. Furthermore, the protein kinase ribose nucleic acid (RNA)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) signaling pathway was involved in the induction of protective autophagy in Neuro-2a cells. Inhibition of PERK using small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited gelsenicine-induced autophagy and aggravated apoptosis. These data indicate that gelsenicine not only exhibited cytotoxicity and induced apoptosis, but it also induced protective autophagy via PERK signaling pathway to alleviate gelsenicine-mediated apoptosis in Neuro-2a cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Juan Li
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; Department of Basic Medicine, Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, Hunan 423000, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Pei-Pei Hu
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economics, Zhengzhou, Henan 400045, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economics, Zhengzhou, Henan 400045, China
| | - Zhi-Hang Yuan
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Kun Yang
- College of Animal Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economics, Zhengzhou, Henan 400045, China.
| | - Zhi-Liang Sun
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
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26
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Li Y, Zeng P, Xiao J, Huang P, Liu P. Modulation of energy metabolism to overcome drug resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia cells through induction of autophagy. Cell Death Discov 2022; 8:212. [PMID: 35443725 PMCID: PMC9021256 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00991-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as imatinib (IM) are key drugs for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Development of drug resistance to TKIs due to BCR-ABL mutation, especially T315I mutation, poses a major challenge in the clinical treatment of CML. The purpose of this study was to test metabolic modulation as a potential strategy to overcome imatinib resistance based on the possible crosstalk between BCR-ABL signaling and metabolic changes in CML. 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) was used to modulate the glucose metabolism in CML cells sensitive to IM (KBM5 cell line) and resistant to imatinib with BCR-ABL T315I mutation (KBM5-T315I cell line). Seahorse XFe24 extracellular flux analyzer to quantify oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) was used to measure cellular energy metabolism. Cell proliferation was analyzed by CCK-8 assay and MTS assay. Annexin V/PI staining was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. Autophagy-related proteins and enzyme/proteins were detected by Western blotting. Cellular ATP concentration was detected using an ATP-based Cell Titer Kit. The combined action of 2-DG and IM was evaluated by calculating the drug combination index. Our results found that inhibition of glucose metabolism by 2-DG significantly impaired the viability of CML cells and co-treatment with 2-DG and imatinib induced a synergistic inhibition of KBM5 and KBM5-T315I cells. 2-DG induced cell death by autophagy, not by apoptosis, as evidenced by increased expression of Beclin1 and LC3AII and lack of annexin V/PI-positive cells. At the biochemical level, 2-DG inhibited glycolysis and mitochondrial oxygen consumption manifested by a significant decrease in ECAR and OCR, and a depletion of ATP. The severe metabolic stress induced by 2-DG in CML cells led to autophagic cell death. Our results suggested a metabolic vulnerability of CML cells that could be targeted by a combination of 2-DG and imatinib as an alternative treatment for imatinib-resistant CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Peiting Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetic and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng East Road, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dong Feng East Road, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
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27
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Berthou F, Sobolewski C, Abegg D, Fournier M, Maeder C, Dolicka D, Correia de Sousa M, Adibekian A, Foti M. Hepatic PTEN Signaling Regulates Systemic Metabolic Homeostasis through Hepatokines-Mediated Liver-to-Peripheral Organs Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073959. [PMID: 35409319 PMCID: PMC8999584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver-derived circulating factors deeply affect the metabolism of distal organs. Herein, we took advantage of the hepatocyte-specific PTEN knockout mice (LPTENKO), a model of hepatic steatosis associated with increased muscle insulin sensitivity and decreased adiposity, to identify potential secreted hepatic factors improving metabolic homeostasis. Our results indicated that protein factors, rather than specific metabolites, released by PTEN-deficient hepatocytes trigger an improved muscle insulin sensitivity and a decreased adiposity in LPTENKO. In this regard, a proteomic analysis of conditioned media from PTEN-deficient primary hepatocytes identified seven hepatokines whose expression/secretion was deregulated. Distinct expression patterns of these hepatokines were observed in hepatic tissues from human/mouse with NAFLD. The expression of specific factors was regulated by the PTEN/PI3K, PPAR or AMPK signaling pathways and/or modulated by classical antidiabetic drugs. Finally, loss-of-function studies identified FGF21 and the triad AHSG, ANGPTL4 and LECT2 as key regulators of insulin sensitivity in muscle cells and in adipocytes biogenesis, respectively. These data indicate that hepatic PTEN deficiency and steatosis alter the expression/secretion of hepatokines regulating insulin sensitivity in muscles and the lipid metabolism in adipose tissue. These hepatokines could represent potential therapeutic targets to treat obesity and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavien Berthou
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Cyril Sobolewski
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Daniel Abegg
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; (D.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Margot Fournier
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Christine Maeder
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Dobrochna Dolicka
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Marta Correia de Sousa
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
| | - Alexander Adibekian
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA; (D.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Michelangelo Foti
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland; (F.B.); (C.S.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (D.D.); (M.C.d.S.)
- Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-(22)-379-52-04
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28
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Ashrafizadeh M, Paskeh MDA, Mirzaei S, Gholami MH, Zarrabi A, Hashemi F, Hushmandi K, Hashemi M, Nabavi N, Crea F, Ren J, Klionsky DJ, Kumar AP, Wang Y. Targeting autophagy in prostate cancer: preclinical and clinical evidence for therapeutic response. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:105. [PMID: 35317831 PMCID: PMC8939209 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and new estimates revealed prostate cancer as the leading cause of death in men in 2021. Therefore, new strategies are pertinent in the treatment of this malignant disease. Macroautophagy/autophagy is a “self-degradation” mechanism capable of facilitating the turnover of long-lived and toxic macromolecules and organelles. Recently, attention has been drawn towards the role of autophagy in cancer and how its modulation provides effective cancer therapy. In the present review, we provide a mechanistic discussion of autophagy in prostate cancer. Autophagy can promote/inhibit proliferation and survival of prostate cancer cells. Besides, metastasis of prostate cancer cells is affected (via induction and inhibition) by autophagy. Autophagy can affect the response of prostate cancer cells to therapy such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, given the close association between autophagy and apoptosis. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that upstream mediators such as AMPK, non-coding RNAs, KLF5, MTOR and others regulate autophagy in prostate cancer. Anti-tumor compounds, for instance phytochemicals, dually inhibit or induce autophagy in prostate cancer therapy. For improving prostate cancer therapy, nanotherapeutics such as chitosan nanoparticles have been developed. With respect to the context-dependent role of autophagy in prostate cancer, genetic tools such as siRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 can be utilized for targeting autophagic genes. Finally, these findings can be translated into preclinical and clinical studies to improve survival and prognosis of prostate cancer patients. • Prostate cancer is among the leading causes of death in men where targeting autophagy is of importance in treatment; • Autophagy governs proliferation and metastasis capacity of prostate cancer cells; • Autophagy modulation is of interest in improving the therapeutic response of prostate cancer cells; • Molecular pathways, especially involving non-coding RNAs, regulate autophagy in prostate cancer; • Autophagy possesses both diagnostic and prognostic roles in prostate cancer, with promises for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, 34396, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.,Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Francesco Crea
- Cancer Research Group-School of Life Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Daniel J Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute & Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore. .,NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Kim J, Lee S, Lee MS. Suppressive Effect of Autocrine FGF21 on Autophagy-Deficient Hepatic Tumorigenesis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:832804. [PMID: 35321438 PMCID: PMC8936433 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.832804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice with hepatocyte-specific deletion of autophagy-related 7 (Atg7ΔHep mice) develop hepatoma, suggesting that autophagy deficiency could be a factor in the initiation of tumorigenesis. We have shown that FGF21 is induced as a ‘mitokine’ when Atg7 is disrupted in insulin target tissues such as the liver, which could affect systemic metabolism through endocrine activity. Since FGF21 or other endocrine FGF such as FGF19 can affect tumor growth, we hypothesized that FGF21 produced by Atg7-knockout (KO) hepatocytes may affect the behavior of Atg7-KO hepatoma in an autocrine manner. We, thus, crossed Atg7ΔHep mice with systemic Fgf21-KO (Fgf21−/−) mice to generate Atg7ΔHepFgf21−/− mice. The number and size of hepatoma of Atg7ΔHep mice were significantly increased by additional Fgf21 KO. The proliferation of Atg7-KO hepatocyte was significantly increased by Fgf21 KO. pYAP1/YAP1 representing YAP1 degradation was significantly decreased in the liver of Atg7ΔHepFgf21−/− mice compared to Atg7ΔHepFgf21+/+ mice. Consistently, expression of YAP1/TAZ downstream genes was significantly increased in the liver of Atg7ΔHepFgf21−/− mice compared to Atg7ΔHepFgf21+/+ mice, which could explain the increased size of hepatoma in Atg7ΔHepFgf21−/− mice. Accumulation of ROS and ROS-mediated DNA damage were increased in the liver of Atg7ΔHepFgf21+/+ mice, which was further aggravated by additional Fgf21 KO probably due to the absence of positive effect of FGF21 on mitochondrial function, explaining the increased number of hepatoma in Atg7ΔHepFgf21−/− mice compared to Atg7ΔHepFgf21+/+ mice. These results show that FGF21 produced by autophagy-deficient hepatocytes could have autocrine or paracrine effects on the number and proliferation of autophagy-deficient hepatoma, suggesting that hormones or factors released from autophagy-deficient tumors can influence the behavior or prognosis of the tumor in addition to the effects on host metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Kim
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soyeon Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Myung-Shik Lee, ;
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30
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Zhang Q, Deng X, Tang X, You Y, Mei M, Liu D, Gui L, Cai Y, Xin X, He X, Huang J. MicroRNA-20a Suppresses Tumor Proliferation and Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Directly Targeting EZH1. Front Oncol 2022; 11:737986. [PMID: 34976797 PMCID: PMC8716374 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.737986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a worldwide leading cause of morbidity and mortality, is the most frequent primary liver tumor. Most HCC patients are diagnosed with advanced liver cancer, resulting in a very low 5-year survival rate. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of targeted therapies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of the miR-20a/EZH1 axis on the proliferation and metastasis of HCC and the inhibitory effect of the EZH1/EZH2 inhibitor UNC1999 on HCC. Materials and Methods The expression of miR-20a in human HCC tissues and cell lines was detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The expressions of proteins were analyzed with immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Luciferase assay was used to verify whether miR-20a targets EZH1 or EZH2. The effect of miR-20a on HCC progression was studied in vivo and in vitro. The tumor inhibitory effect of UNC1999 was confirmed in vivo. CCK8 assay, wound healing assay, cell migration and invasion assay were used to evaluate the synergistic effect of UNC1999 with sorafenib. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to screen the differentially expressed genes in the Huh7 and SMMC7721 cell lines after UNC1999, sorafenib, and combination treatments. Results In this study, miR-20a showed a lower expression in both HCC tissues and cell lines. MiR-20a inhibited the proliferation and migration of SMMC7721 and Huh7 cells. The results of the luciferase assay and Western blot analysis revealed that miR-20a directly targeted EZH1, a histone methyltransferase. We demonstrated that miR-20a negatively regulated the expression of EZH1 and inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of HCC by reducing H3K27 methylation. We found UNC1999 inhibited tumor cells proliferation and enhanced the inhibitory effect of sorafenib. Conclusion We demonstrated that miR-20a suppresses the tumor proliferation and metastasis in HCC by directly targeting EZH1. UNC1999 can inhibit tumor proliferation in vivo and increase the sensitivity of hepatoma cell lines to sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaohong Deng
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuxin Tang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying You
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meihua Mei
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danping Liu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian Gui
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Xin
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshun He
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqi Huang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Li CH, Liao CC. The Metabolism Reprogramming of microRNA Let-7-Mediated Glycolysis Contributes to Autophagy and Tumor Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:113. [PMID: 35008539 PMCID: PMC8745176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is usually a result of abnormal glucose uptake and imbalanced nutrient metabolization. The dysregulation of glucose metabolism, which controls the processes of glycolysis, gives rise to various physiological defects. Autophagy is one of the metabolic-related cellular functions and involves not only energy regeneration but also tumorigenesis. The dysregulation of autophagy impacts on the imbalance of metabolic homeostasis and leads to a variety of disorders. In particular, the microRNA (miRNA) Let-7 has been identified as related to glycolysis procedures such as tissue repair, stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes, and tumoral metastasis. In many cancers, the expression of glycolysis-related enzymes is correlated with Let-7, in which multiple enzymes are related to the regulation of the autophagy process. However, much recent research has not comprehensively investigated how Let-7 participates in glycolytic reprogramming or its links to autophagic regulations, mainly in tumor progression. Through an integrated literature review and omics-related profiling correlation, this review provides the possible linkage of the Let-7 network between glycolysis and autophagy, and its role in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsiu Li
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Chiao-Chun Liao
- Department of Tropical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health and Department of Social Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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32
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Wu A, Feng B, Yu J, Yan L, Che L, Zhuo Y, Luo Y, Yu B, Wu D, Chen D. Fibroblast growth factor 21 attenuates iron overload-induced liver injury and fibrosis by inhibiting ferroptosis. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102131. [PMID: 34530349 PMCID: PMC8445902 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis plays a role in several diseases such as iron overload-induced liver diseases. Manipulation of ferroptosis has been explored as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat related diseases. Numerous antioxidants have been identified to control ferroptosis but the cell-autonomous mechanisms responsible for regulating ferroptosis remain elusive. In the present study, we found that iron overload promoted ferroptosis in hepatocytes by excessively inducing HO-1 expression, which contributed to the progression of liver injury and fibrosis, accompanied by the upregulation of the FGF21 protein level in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, both recombinant FGF21 and Fgf21 overexpression significantly protected against iron overload-induced hepatocytes mitochondria damage, liver injury and fibrosis by inhibiting ferroptosis. In contrast, the loss of FGF21 aggravated iron overload-induced ferroptosis. Notably, FGF21-induced HO-1 inhibition (via the promotion of HO-1 ubiquitination and degradation) and NRF2 activation provide a mechanistic explanation for this phenomenon. Taken together, we identified FGF21 as a novel ferroptosis suppressor. Thus, FGF21 activation may provide an effective strategy for the potential treatment of iron overload-induced ferroptosis-related diseases, such as hereditary haemochromatosis (HH). Iron overload robustly induces hepatic FGF21 expression both in vitro and in vivo. FGF21 suppresses iron overload-induced hepatocytes ferroptosis. Constitutive HO-1 activation contributes to iron overload-induced ferroptosis in hepatocytes. FGF21 protects hepatocytes from iron overload-induced ferroptosis by stimulating HO-1 ubiquitination and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Feng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijun Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Zhuo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
| | - De Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
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Álvarez-Artime A, García-Soler B, Sainz RM, Mayo JC. Emerging Roles for Browning of White Adipose Tissue in Prostate Cancer Malignant Behaviour. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5560. [PMID: 34074045 PMCID: PMC8197327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its well-known role as an energy repository, adipose tissue is one of the largest endocrine organs in the organism due to its ability to synthesize and release different bioactive molecules. Two main types of adipose tissue have been described, namely white adipose tissue (WAT) with a classical energy storage function, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) with thermogenic activity. The prostate, an exocrine gland present in the reproductive system of most mammals, is surrounded by periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) that contributes to maintaining glandular homeostasis in conjunction with other cell types of the microenvironment. In pathological conditions such as the development and progression of prostate cancer, adipose tissue plays a key role through paracrine and endocrine signaling. In this context, the role of WAT has been thoroughly studied. However, the influence of BAT on prostate tumor development and progression is unclear and has received much less attention. This review tries to bring an update on the role of different factors released by WAT which may participate in the initiation, progression and metastasis, as well as to compile the available information on BAT to discuss and open a new field of knowledge about the possible protective role of BAT in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Álvarez-Artime
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avda. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Belén García-Soler
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Rosa María Sainz
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avda. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Mayo
- Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Redox Biology Unit, University of Oviedo, Facultad de Medicina, Julián Clavería 6, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (A.Á.-A.); (B.G.-S.); (R.M.S.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Santiago Gascón Building, Fernando Bongera s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Avda. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
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Mechanistic Insights into the Link between Obesity and Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083935. [PMID: 33920379 PMCID: PMC8069048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a pandemic of increasing worldwide prevalence. There is evidence of an association between obesity and the risk of prostate cancer from observational studies, and different biologic mechanisms have been proposed. The chronic low-level inflammation within the adipose tissue in obesity results in oxidative stress, activation of inflammatory cytokines, deregulation of adipokines signaling, and increased circulating levels of insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGF). These mechanisms may be involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transformation into a malignant phenotype that promotes invasiveness, aggressiveness, and metastatic potential of prostate cancer. A thorough understanding of these mechanisms may be valuable in the development of effective prostate cancer prevention strategies and treatments. This review provides an overview of these mechanisms.
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