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Alvertis AM, Haber JB, Li Z, Coveney CJN, Louie SG, Filip MR, Neaton JB. Phonon screening and dissociation of excitons at finite temperatures from first principles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403434121. [PMID: 39024110 PMCID: PMC11287246 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403434121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The properties of excitons, or correlated electron-hole pairs, are of paramount importance to optoelectronic applications of materials. A central component of exciton physics is the electron-hole interaction, which is commonly treated as screened solely by electrons within a material. However, nuclear motion can screen this Coulomb interaction as well, with several recent studies developing model approaches for approximating the phonon screening of excitonic properties. While these model approaches tend to improve agreement with experiment, they rely on several approximations that restrict their applicability to a wide range of materials, and thus far they have neglected the effect of finite temperatures. Here, we develop a fully first-principles, parameter-free approach to compute the temperature-dependent effects of phonon screening within the ab initio [Formula: see text]-Bethe-Salpeter equation framework. We recover previously proposed models of phonon screening as well-defined limits of our general framework, and discuss their validity by comparing them against our first-principles results. We develop an efficient computational workflow and apply it to a diverse set of semiconductors, specifically AlN, CdS, GaN, MgO, and [Formula: see text]. We demonstrate under different physical scenarios how excitons may be screened by multiple polar optical or acoustic phonons, how their binding energies can exhibit strong temperature dependence, and the ultrafast timescales on which they dissociate into free electron-hole pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios M. Alvertis
- KBR, Inc., NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA94035
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Jonah B. Haber
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA94720
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
| | - Zhenglu Li
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA94720
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90089
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA94720
| | | | - Steven G. Louie
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA94720
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Marina R. Filip
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, OxfordOX1 3PJ, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey B. Neaton
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA94720
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA94720
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA94720
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Røst HI, Cooil SP, Åsland AC, Hu J, Ali A, Taniguchi T, Watanabe K, Belle BD, Holst B, Sadowski JT, Mazzola F, Wells JW. Phonon-Mediated Quasiparticle Lifetime Renormalizations in Few-Layer Hexagonal Boron Nitride. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:7539-7545. [PMID: 37561835 PMCID: PMC10450811 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the collective behavior of the quasiparticles in solid-state systems underpins the field of nonvolatile electronics, including the opportunity to control many-body effects for well-desired physical phenomena and their applications. Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a wide-energy-bandgap semiconductor, showing immense potential as a platform for low-dimensional device heterostructures. It is an inert dielectric used for gated devices, having a negligible orbital hybridization when placed in contact with other systems. Despite its inertness, we discover a large electron mass enhancement in few-layer hBN affecting the lifetime of the π-band states. We show that the renormalization is phonon-mediated and consistent with both single- and multiple-phonon scattering events. Our findings thus unveil a so-far unknown many-body state in a wide-bandgap insulator, having important implications for devices using hBN as one of their building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Håkon I. Røst
- Department
of Physics and Technology, University of
Bergen, Allégaten 55, 5007 Bergen, Norway
- Department
of Physics, Norwegian University of Science
and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Simon P. Cooil
- Department
of Physics and Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo (UiO), Oslo 0318, Norway
| | - Anna Cecilie Åsland
- Department
of Physics, Norwegian University of Science
and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jinbang Hu
- Department
of Physics, Norwegian University of Science
and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ayaz Ali
- Department
of Smart Sensor Systems, SINTEF DIGITAL, Oslo 0373, Norway
- Department
of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research
Center for Functional Materials, National
Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Branson D. Belle
- Department
of Smart Sensor Systems, SINTEF DIGITAL, Oslo 0373, Norway
| | - Bodil Holst
- Department
of Physics and Technology, University of
Bergen, Allégaten 55, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Jerzy T. Sadowski
- Center
for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven
National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Federico Mazzola
- Department
of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’
Foscari University of Venice, 30172 Venice, Italy
- Istituto
Officina dei Materiali, Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche, Trieste I-34149, Italy
| | - Justin W. Wells
- Department
of Physics, Norwegian University of Science
and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Department
of Physics and Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, University of Oslo (UiO), Oslo 0318, Norway
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Macheda F, Barone P, Mauri F. Electron-Phonon Interaction and Longitudinal-Transverse Phonon Splitting in Doped Semiconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:185902. [PMID: 36374700 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.185902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We study the effect of doping on the electron-phonon interaction and on the phonon frequencies in doped semiconductors, taking into account the screening in the presence of free carriers at finite temperature. We study the impact of screening on the Fröhlich-like vertex and on the long-range components of the dynamical matrix, going beyond the state-of-the-art description for undoped crystals, thanks to the development of a computational method based on maximally localized Wannier functions. We apply our approach to cubic silicon carbide, where in the presence of doping the Fröhlich coupling and the longitudinal-transverse phonon splitting are strongly reduced, thereby influencing observable properties such as the electronic lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Macheda
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Graphene Labs, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Barone
- CNR-SPIN, Area della Ricerca di Tor Vergata, Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Mauri
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Graphene Labs, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
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Head-Marsden K, Flick J, Ciccarino CJ, Narang P. Quantum Information and Algorithms for Correlated Quantum Matter. Chem Rev 2020; 121:3061-3120. [PMID: 33326218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Discoveries in quantum materials, which are characterized by the strongly quantum-mechanical nature of electrons and atoms, have revealed exotic properties that arise from correlations. It is the promise of quantum materials for quantum information science superimposed with the potential of new computational quantum algorithms to discover new quantum materials that inspires this Review. We anticipate that quantum materials to be discovered and developed in the next years will transform the areas of quantum information processing including communication, storage, and computing. Simultaneously, efforts toward developing new quantum algorithmic approaches for quantum simulation and advanced calculation methods for many-body quantum systems enable major advances toward functional quantum materials and their deployment. The advent of quantum computing brings new possibilities for eliminating the exponential complexity that has stymied simulation of correlated quantum systems on high-performance classical computers. Here, we review new algorithms and computational approaches to predict and understand the behavior of correlated quantum matter. The strongly interdisciplinary nature of the topics covered necessitates a common language to integrate ideas from these fields. We aim to provide this common language while weaving together fields across electronic structure theory, quantum electrodynamics, algorithm design, and open quantum systems. Our Review is timely in presenting the state-of-the-art in the field toward algorithms with nonexponential complexity for correlated quantum matter with applications in grand-challenge problems. Looking to the future, at the intersection of quantum information science and algorithms for correlated quantum matter, we envision seminal advances in predicting many-body quantum states and describing excitonic quantum matter and large-scale entangled states, a better understanding of high-temperature superconductivity, and quantifying open quantum system dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kade Head-Marsden
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Johannes Flick
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Christopher J Ciccarino
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Prineha Narang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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Jhalani VA, Zhou JJ, Park J, Dreyer CE, Bernardi M. Piezoelectric Electron-Phonon Interaction from Ab Initio Dynamical Quadrupoles: Impact on Charge Transport in Wurtzite GaN. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:136602. [PMID: 33034493 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.136602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
First-principles calculations of e-ph interactions are becoming a pillar of electronic structure theory. However, the current approach is incomplete. The piezoelectric (PE) e-ph interaction, a long-range scattering mechanism due to acoustic phonons in noncentrosymmetric polar materials, is not accurately described at present. Current calculations include short-range e-ph interactions (obtained by interpolation) and the dipolelike Frölich long-range coupling in polar materials, but lack important quadrupole effects for acoustic modes and PE materials. Here we derive and compute the long-range e-ph interaction due to dynamical quadrupoles, and apply this framework to investigate e-ph interactions and the carrier mobility in the PE material wurtzite GaN. We show that the quadrupole contribution is essential to obtain accurate e-ph matrix elements for acoustic modes and to compute PE scattering. Our work resolves the outstanding problem of correctly computing e-ph interactions for acoustic modes from first principles, and enables studies of e-ph coupling and charge transport in PE materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vatsal A Jhalani
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Jin-Jian Zhou
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Jinsoo Park
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Cyrus E Dreyer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Center for Computational Quantum Physics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - Marco Bernardi
- Department of Applied Physics and Materials Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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