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Wang Y, Qin C, Hu H, Liu J, Guan C, Kivshar Y, Koshelev K, Shi J. Enhanced intrinsic chiroptical response of resonant metallic metasurfaces. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:5288-5291. [PMID: 39270287 DOI: 10.1364/ol.531719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
The physics of resonant metasurfaces underpins many electromagnetic functionalities with enhanced performance by virtue of resonant excitations. Resonances originating from bound states in the continuum (BICs) were recently recognized in photonics for their superior optical properties, strong local field enhancement, and suppression of radiative losses. Very recently, a concept of intrinsically chiral dielectric BIC metasurfaces was proposed that combines strong narrowband resonant features with the polarization control of scattered light. Here, we design a resonant chiral metallic metasurface supporting a BIC resonance in the microwave wavelength range. In our structure, the metasurface units (meta-atoms) are characterized with rotational and mirror spatial symmetries. We numerically characterize metasurface mode properties in eigenmode calculations and scattering spectra for linearly polarized excitation under oblique incidence. Then, we investigate intrinsic chiroptical effects for transmission of normally propagating excitation beams by breaking the meta-atom in-plane mirror symmetries. We predict that the intrinsic circular dichroism in such structures may exceed 0.74.
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Jung C, Lee E, Rho J. The rise of electrically tunable metasurfaces. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado8964. [PMID: 39178252 PMCID: PMC11343036 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado8964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Metasurfaces, which offer a diverse range of functionalities in a remarkably compact size, have captured the interest of both scientific and industrial sectors. However, their inherent static nature limits their adaptability for their further applications. Reconfigurable metasurfaces have emerged as a solution to this challenge, expanding the potential for diverse applications. Among the series of tunable devices, electrically controllable devices have garnered particular attention owing to their seamless integration with existing electronic equipment. This review presents recent progress reported with respect to electrically tunable devices, providing an overview of their technological development trajectory and current state of the art. In particular, we analyze the major tuning strategies and discuss the applications in spatial light modulators, tunable optical waveguides, and adaptable emissivity regulators. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities associated with their implementation are explored, thereby highlighting their potential to bridge the gap between electronics and photonics to enable the development of groundbreaking optical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunghwan Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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3
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Shin DI, Kim J, Im SG, Kang T, Wang K, Lee G, Kwon SJ, Park S, Yi GR. Proximal High-Index Metamaterials based on a Superlattice of Gold Nanohexagons Targeting the Near-Infrared Band. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2405650. [PMID: 39169743 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles can be assembled into a superlattice, to form optical metamaterials, particularly targeting precise control of optical properties such as refractive index (RI). The superlattices exhibit enhanced near-field, given the sufficiently narrow gap between nanoparticles supporting multiple plasmonic resonance modes only realized in proximal environments. Herein, the planar superlattice of plasmonic Au nanohexagons (AuNHs) with precisely controlled geometries such as size, shape, and edge-gaps is reported. The proximal AuNHs superlattice realized over a large area with selective edge-to-edge assembly exhibited the highest-ever-recorded RI values in the near-infrared (NIR) band, surpassing the upper limit of the RI of the natural intrinsic materials (up to 10.04 at λ = 1.5 µm). The exceptionally enhanced RI is derived from intensified in-plane surface plasmon coupling across the superlattices. Precise control of the edge-gap of neighboring AuNHs systematically tuned the RI as confirmed by numerical analysis based on the plasmonic percolation model. Furthermore, a 1D photonic crystal, composed of alternating layers of AuNHs superlattices and low-index polymers, is constructed to enhance the selectivity of the reflectivity operating in the NIR band. It is expected that the proximal AuNHs superlattices can be used as new optical metamaterials that can be extended to the NIR range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-In Shin
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University College of Natural Science, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyun Im
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoo Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Nam-Gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China
| | - Gaehang Lee
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon, 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Joon Kwon
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science & Technology (SIEST), Department of Semiconductor Convergence Engineering and Department of Future Energy Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ra Yi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Nam-Gu, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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Muhammad N, Su Z, Jiang Q, Wang Y, Huang L. Radiationless optical modes in metasurfaces: recent progress and applications. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:192. [PMID: 39152114 PMCID: PMC11329644 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Non-radiative optical modes attracted enormous attention in optics due to strong light confinement and giant Q-factor at its spectral position. The destructive interference of multipoles leads to zero net-radiation and strong field trapping. Such radiationless states disappear in the far-field, localize enhanced near-field and can be excited in nano-structures. On the other hand, the optical modes turn out to be completely confined due to no losses at discrete point in the radiation continuum, such states result in infinite Q-factor and lifetime. The radiationless states provide a suitable platform for enhanced light matter interaction, lasing, and boost nonlinear processes at the state regime. These modes are widely investigated in different material configurations for various applications in both linear and nonlinear metasurfaces which are briefly discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseer Muhammad
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhaoxian Su
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiang Jiang
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yongtian Wang
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lingling Huang
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China, Beijing, 100081, China.
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Mixed Reality and Advanced Display, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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5
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Verma SK, Jangra M, Datta A, Srivastava SK. Experimental demonstration of Ge 2Sb 2Te 5 loaded 1-D plasmonic metasurface perfect absorber for near-IR wavelength regime. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:4638-4641. [PMID: 39146123 DOI: 10.1364/ol.532638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Inclusion of a phase change material such as germanium-antimony-telluride (Ge2Sb2Te5 or GST) enhances the performance of plasmonic metasurface absorbers (PMAs). One-dimensional (1-D) plasmonic metasurfaces (PMs) support the excitation of surface plasmon modes for the normal incidence of transverse magnetically (TM) polarized light. The 1-D PMAs absorb incident light because of their confinement in the groove region, which is possible because of the surface plasmon modes excited at the metal-dielectric interface. A thin layer of the phase change material enhances the absorption of incident light because of the increasing strength of the confined electromagnetic field in the vicinity of the PMA. We developed a GST loaded, low cost, 1-D PMA for the absorption of near-infrared (NIR) light (740-920 nm). The PMA was fabricated using an Ag coated 1-D patterned polycarbonate, which was obtained from a commercial digital versatile disk (DVD). A 1-D PMA of 1 cm2 in size obtained from a DVD was coated with a GST layer of 8 nm in thickness to achieve the maximum absorption of 99.56% for the hexagonal closed packed (h.c.p.) crystalline state of the GST loaded layer. Control experiments were performed for different temperatures and different thicknesses of the GST layer for achieving an optimal performance nearing perfect absorption. Electric and magnetic field profiles were simulated for the normal incidence of TM-polarized light to understand the underlying physics of the light-matter interaction with the PMA. Such a PMA can be used to develop various cost-effective optical devices, such as optical sensors, optical filters, photodetectors, and heat absorbing photonic windows in the NIR wavelength regime.
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Kang H, Kim H, Kim K, Rho J. Printable Spin-Multiplexed Metasurfaces for Ultraviolet Holographic Displays. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39096499 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Multiplexed ultraviolet (UV) metaholograms, which are capable of displaying multiple holographic images from a single-layer device, are promising for enhancing tamper resistance and functioning as optical encryption devices. Despite considerable interest in optical security, the commercialization of UV metaholograms encounters obstacles, such as high-resolution patterning and material choices. Here, we realize spin-multiplexed UV metaholograms using a high-throughput printable platform that incorporates a zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) particle-embedded resin (PER). Utilizing ZrO2 PER, which is transparent and exhibits a refractive index of approximately 1.8 at 320 nm, we fabricated a single device capable of encoding dual holographic information depending on polarization states is fabricated. We demonstrate UV metaholograms achieving efficiencies of 56.23% with left circularly polarized incident beams and 57.28% with right circularly polarized incident beams. These multiplexed UV metaholograms fabricated using a one-step platform enable real-world applications in anticounterfeiting and encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Kang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongyoon Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungtae Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Nanomaterial Institute of National Technology (NINT), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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7
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Liang Y, Tsai DP, Kivshar Y. From Local to Nonlocal High-Q Plasmonic Metasurfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:053801. [PMID: 39159090 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.053801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
The physics of bound states in the continuum (BICs) allows the design and demonstration of optical resonant structures with large values of the quality factor (Q factor) by employing dielectric structures with low losses. However, BIC is a general wave phenomenon that should be observed in many systems, including the metal-dielectric structures supporting surface plasmon polaritons where optical resonances are hindered by losses. Here we suggest and develop a comprehensive strategy to achieve high-Q resonances in plasmonic metasurfaces by effectively tailoring the resonant modes from local to nonlocal regimes, thus transitioning from quasi-isolated localized resonances to extended resonant modes involving strong interaction among neighboring structure metaunits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Din Ping Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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8
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Yao J, Lai F, Fan Y, Wang Y, Huang SH, Leng B, Liang Y, Lin R, Chen S, Chen MK, Wu PC, Xiao S, Tsai DP. Nonlocal meta-lens with Huygens' bound states in the continuum. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6543. [PMID: 39095407 PMCID: PMC11297327 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Meta-lenses composed of artificial meta-atoms have stimulated substantial interest due to their compact and flexible wavefront shaping capabilities, outperforming bulk optical devices. The operating bandwidth is a critical factor determining the meta-lens' performance across various wavelengths. Meta-lenses that operate in a narrowband manner relying on nonlocal effects can effectively reduce disturbance and crosstalk from non-resonant wavelengths, making them well-suitable for specialized applications such as nonlinear generation and augmented reality/virtual reality display. However, nonlocal meta-lenses require striking a balance between local phase manipulation and nonlocal resonance excitation, which involves trade-offs among factors like quality-factor, efficiency, manipulation dimensions, and footprint. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate the nonlocal meta-lens featuring Huygens' bound states in the continuum (BICs) and its near-infrared imaging application. All-dielectric integrated-resonant unit is particularly optimized to efficiently induce both the quasi-BIC and generalized Kerker effect, while ensuring the rotation-angle robustness for generating geometric phase. The experimental results show that the single-layer nonlocal Huygens' meta-lens possesses a high quality-factor of 104 and achieves a transmission polarization conversion efficiency of 55%, exceeding the theoretical limit of 25%. The wavelength-selective two-dimensional focusing and imaging are demonstrated as well. This work will pave the way for efficient nonlocal wavefront shaping and meta-devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Fangxing Lai
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yubin Fan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shih-Hsiu Huang
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Borui Leng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yao Liang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rong Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shufan Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mu Ku Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Pin Chieh Wu
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research & Technology (QFort), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Meta-nanoPhotonics Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Shumin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System, Shenzhen Graduate School, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Din Ping Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Valencia Molina L, Camacho Morales R, Zhang J, Schiek R, Staude I, Sukhorukov AA, Neshev DN. Enhanced Infrared Vision by Nonlinear Up-Conversion in Nonlocal Metasurfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2402777. [PMID: 38781582 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The ability to detect and image short-wave infrared light has important applications in surveillance, autonomous navigation, and biological imaging. However, the current infrared imaging technologies often pose challenges due to large footprint, large thermal noise and inability to augment infrared and visible imaging. Here, infrared imaging is demonstrated by nonlinear up-conversion to the visible in an ultra-compact, high-quality-factor lithium niobate resonant metasurface. Images with high conversion efficiency and resolution quality are obtained despite the strong nonlocality of the metasurface. The possibility of edge-detection image processing augmented with direct up-conversion imaging for advanced night vision applications is further shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Valencia Molina
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Solid State Physics, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Rocio Camacho Morales
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Jihua Zhang
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P.R. China
| | - Roland Schiek
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Isabelle Staude
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Solid State Physics, Max-Wien-Platz 1, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrey A Sukhorukov
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Dragomir N Neshev
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
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Li H, Yang K, Hu H, Qin C, Yu B, Zhou S, Jiang T, Ho D. MXene Supported Surface Plasmon Polaritons for Optical Microfiber Ammonia Sensing. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11823-11831. [PMID: 38994642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The properties of surface plasmons are notoriously dependent on the supporting materials system. However, new capabilities cannot be obtained until the technique of surface plasmon enabled by advanced two-dimensional materials is well understood. Herein, we present the experimental demonstration of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) supported by single-layered MXene flakes (Ti3C2Tx) coating on an optical microfiber and its application as an ammonia gas sensor. Enabled by its high controllability of chemical composition, unique atomistically thin layered structure, and metallic-level conductivity, MXene is capable of supporting not only plasmon resonances across a wide range of wavelengths but also a selective sensing mechanism through frequency modulation. Theoretical modeling and optics experiments reveal that, upon adsorbing ammonia molecules, the free electron motion at the interface between the SiO2 microfiber and the MXene coating is modulated (i.e., the modulation of the SPPs under applied light), thus inducing a variation in the evanescent field. Consequently, a wavelength shift is produced, effectively realizing a selective and highly sensitive ammonia sensor with a 100 ppm detection limit. The MXene supported SPPs open a promising path for the application of advanced optical techniques toward gas and chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Anhui 230601, China
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui 230601, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Haibo Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Chengbing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Benli Yu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Anhui 230601, China
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Sheng Zhou
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Anhui 230601, China
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Tongtong Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Derek Ho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong 999077, China
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11
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Hayakawa D, Videbæk TE, Grason GM, Rogers WB. Symmetry-Guided Inverse Design of Self-Assembling Multiscale DNA Origami Tilings. ACS NANO 2024; 18:19169-19178. [PMID: 38981100 PMCID: PMC11271658 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c04515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances enable the creation of nanoscale building blocks with complex geometries and interaction specificities for self-assembly. This nearly boundless design space necessitates design principles for defining the mutual interactions between multiple particle species to target a user-specified complex structure or pattern. In this article, we develop a symmetry-based method to generate the interaction matrices that specify the assembly of two-dimensional tilings, which we illustrate using equilateral triangles. By exploiting the allowed 2D symmetries, we develop an algorithmic approach by which any periodic 2D tiling can be generated from an arbitrarily large number of subunit species, notably addressing an unmet challenge of engineering 2D crystals with periodicities that can be arbitrarily larger than the subunit size. To demonstrate the utility of our design approach, we encode specific interactions between triangular subunits synthesized by DNA origami and show that we can guide their self-assembly into tilings with a wide variety of symmetries, using up to 12 unique species of triangles. By conjugating specific triangles with gold nanoparticles, we fabricate gold-nanoparticle supracrystals whose lattice parameter spans up to 300 nm. Finally, to generate economical design rules, we compare the design economy of various tilings. In particular, we show that (1) higher symmetries allow assembly of larger unit cells with fewer subunits and (2) linear supracrystals can be designed more economically using linear primitive unit cells. This work provides a simple algorithmic approach to designing periodic assemblies, aiding in the multiscale assembly of supracrystals of nanostructured "meta-atoms" with engineered plasmonic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Hayakawa
- Martin
A. Fisher School of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Thomas E. Videbæk
- Martin
A. Fisher School of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Gregory M. Grason
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University
of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - W. Benjamin Rogers
- Martin
A. Fisher School of Physics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
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12
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Zhu H, Chu L, Lv H, Ye Q, Juodkazis S, Chen F. Ultrafast Laser Manipulation of In-Lattice Plasmonic Nanoparticles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402840. [PMID: 39023166 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles enable manipulation and enhancement of light fields at deep subwavelength scales, leading to structures and devices for diverse applications in optics. Despite hybrid plasmonic materials display remarkable optical properties due to interactions between components in nanoproximity, scalable production of plasmonic nanostructures within a single-crystalline matrix to achieve an ideal plasmon-crystal interface remains challenging. Here, a novel approach is presented to realize efficient manipulation of in-lattice plasmonic nanoparticles. Employing ultrafast-laser-driven plasmonic nanolithography, metallic nanoparticles with controllable morphology are precisely defined in the crystalline lattice of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) crystal. Through direct ion implantation, hybrid plasmonic material composed of nanoparticles embedded in a sub-surface amorphous YAG layer is created. Subsequently, femtosecond laser pulses guide formation and reshaping of plasmonic nanoparticles from the amorphous layer into the single-crystalline matrix along direction of light propagation, facilitated by a plasmon-mediated evolution of laser energy deposition. By tailoring resonance modes and optimizing the coupling between structured particle assemblies, a range of applications including polarization-dependent absorption and nonlinearity, controllable photoluminescence, and structural color generation is demonstrated. This research introduces a new approach for fabricating advanced optical materials featuring in-lattice plasmonic nanostructures, paving the way for the development of diverse functional photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Lingrui Chu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Hengyue Lv
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Qingchuan Ye
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Saulius Juodkazis
- Optical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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13
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Xu H, Zhao C, Cui S, Sun B, Gao H. Ultrahigh Q surface lattice resonance supported by a U-shaped resonant ring nanoarray. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:4006-4009. [PMID: 39008763 DOI: 10.1364/ol.529362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
We achieved an ultrahigh Q surface lattice resonance (SLR) using a conventional U-shaped split ring resonator (U-SRR) array. Numerical results confirmed by semi-analytical analysis show that with the transmission resonance amplitude up to 0.8, the Q-factor of the SLR can still surpass 104. The physical mechanisms of the ultrahigh Q-factor were also investigated. Besides the radiation suppression provided by conventional SLR, the unique geometry of the U-SRR can further offer dual radiation suppression mechanisms: reduction of the dipole moment and excitation of the in-plane quadrupole. We expect that the proposed ultrahigh Q SLR platform will be explored for more flexible and advanced nanoscale devices.
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14
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V Grayli S, Zhang X, Star D, Leach GW. Tailoring Plasmonic Fields with Shape-Controlled Single-Crystal Gold Metasurfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:35410-35420. [PMID: 38934468 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Geometry and crystallinity play a critical role in the wavelength-dependent optical responses and plasmonic local near-field distributions of metallic nanostructures. Nevertheless, the ability to tailor the shape and position of crystalline metal surface nanostructures has remained a challenge that limits control of their enhanced local fields and represents a barrier to harnessing their individual and collective responses. Here, we describe a solution deposition method in the presence of anionic additives, which yields shape-controlled, single-crystal plasmonic gold nanostructures on Ag(100) and Au(100) substrates. Use of SO42- ions yields smooth Au(111)-faceted square pyramids with large plasmonic Raman enhancements. Halide additives produce textured hillocks comprising edge- and screw-type dislocations (Cl-), or platelets with large-area Au(100) terraces and (110) step edges (Br-), while SO42- and Br- additive combinations provide Au(110)-faceted square pyramids. With lithographic patterning, this chemistry yields metal deposition with precise geometry and location control to provide single-crystal, plasmonic gold metasurfaces with tailored optical response. The appropriately designed metasurfaces can then generate large Raman scattering enhancements, far greater than high density gold square pyramids with random surface disposition. Shape-controlled single-crystal plasmonic metasurfaces will thus offer opportunities to tune the characteristics of nanostructures, providing enhanced optical, photocatalytic, and sensory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan V Grayli
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xin Zhang
- 4D LABS, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Dmitry Star
- 4D LABS, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Laboratory for Advanced Spectroscopy and Imaging Research, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Gary W Leach
- 4D LABS, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Laboratory for Advanced Spectroscopy and Imaging Research, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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15
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Wu S, Yin C, Yuan S, Luo Y, Kan X, Zhang Y, Yu Q, Wu J. Generating complex vectorial optical fields via surface lattice resonances. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:3564-3567. [PMID: 38950210 DOI: 10.1364/ol.523328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Vectorial optical fields (VOFs) with extra degrees of freedom hold promise for many photonic applications. However, current methods to generate VOFs are either bulky in size or exhibit limited functionalities. Here, we demonstrate a tunable VOF generator by exciting plasmonic surface lattice resonances (SLRs) with axial symmetry. By meticulously arranging bilayer circular arrays with opposite handedness, we achieve a high Q-factor of 103 via just a few particles despite the general belief that too small array size suppresses the SLRs. This work presents tunable complex VOFs with distinct inhomogeneous spatial polarization distributions, which may enable various applications in integrated and polarization optics.
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16
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Kolkowski R, Berkhout A, Roscam Abbing SDC, Pal D, Dieleman CD, Geuchies JJ, Houtepen AJ, Ehrler B, Koenderink AF. Temporal Dynamics of Collective Resonances in Periodic Metasurfaces. ACS PHOTONICS 2024; 11:2480-2496. [PMID: 38911846 PMCID: PMC11191746 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.4c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Temporal dynamics of confined optical fields can provide valuable insights into light-matter interactions in complex optical systems, going beyond their frequency-domain description. Here, we present a new experimental approach based on interferometric autocorrelation (IAC) that reveals the dynamics of optical near-fields enhanced by collective resonances in periodic metasurfaces. We focus on probing the resonances known as waveguide-plasmon polaritons, which are supported by plasmonic nanoparticle arrays coupled to a slab waveguide. To probe the resonant near-field enhancement, our IAC measurements make use of enhanced two-photon excited luminescence (TPEL) from semiconductor quantum dots deposited on the nanoparticle arrays. Thanks to the incoherent character of TPEL, the measurements are only sensitive to the fundamental optical fields and therefore can reveal clear signatures of their coherent temporal dynamics. In particular, we show that the excitation of a high-Q collective resonance gives rise to interference fringes at time delays as large as 500 fs, much greater than the incident pulse duration (150 fs). Based on these signatures, the basic characteristics of the resonances can be determined, including their Q factors, which are found to exceed 200. Furthermore, the measurements also reveal temporal beating between two different resonances, providing information on their frequencies and their relative contribution to the field enhancement. Finally, we present an approach to enhance the visibility of the resonances hidden in the IAC curves by converting them into spectrograms, which greatly facilitates the analysis and interpretation of the results. Our findings open up new perspectives on time-resolved studies of collective resonances in metasurfaces and other multiresonant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslaw Kolkowski
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, Aalto FI-00076, Finland
- Department
of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Berkhout
- Department
of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvianne D. C. Roscam Abbing
- Department
of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
- Advanced
Research Center for Nanolithography (ARCNL), Science Park 106, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Debapriya Pal
- Department
of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Christian D. Dieleman
- Advanced
Research Center for Nanolithography (ARCNL), Science Park 106, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
- Department
of Sustainable Energy Materials and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - Jaco J. Geuchies
- Optoelectronic
Materials Section, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan J. Houtepen
- Optoelectronic
Materials Section, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Ehrler
- Department
of Sustainable Energy Materials and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
| | - A. Femius Koenderink
- Department
of Physics of Information in Matter and Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-I Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands
- Institute
of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
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17
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Carr Delgado H, Moradifar P, Chinn G, Levin CS, Dionne JA. Toward "super-scintillation" with nanomaterials and nanophotonics. NANOPHOTONICS 2024; 13:1953-1962. [PMID: 38745841 PMCID: PMC11090085 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2023-0946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Following the discovery of X-rays, scintillators are commonly used as high-energy radiation sensors in diagnostic medical imaging, high-energy physics, astrophysics, environmental radiation monitoring, and security inspections. Conventional scintillators face intrinsic limitations including a low extraction efficiency of scintillated light and a low emission rate, leading to efficiencies that are less than 10 % for commercial scintillators. Overcoming these limitations will require new materials including scintillating nanomaterials ("nanoscintillators"), as well as new photonic approaches that increase the efficiency of the scintillation process, increase the emission rate of materials, and control the directivity of the scintillated light. In this perspective, we describe emerging nanoscintillating materials and three nanophotonic platforms: (i) plasmonic nanoresonators, (ii) photonic crystals, and (iii) high-Q metasurfaces that could enable high performance scintillators. We further discuss how a combination of nanoscintillators and photonic structures can yield a "super scintillator" enabling ultimate spatio-temporal resolution while enabling a significant boost in the extracted scintillation emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish Carr Delgado
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305, USA
| | - Parivash Moradifar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305, USA
| | - Garry Chinn
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Craig S. Levin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Dionne
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305, USA
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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18
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Alijabbari M, Karimzadeh R, Pakniyat S, Gomez-Diaz JS. Dual-band and spectrally selective infrared absorbers based on hybrid gold-graphene metasurfaces. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:16578-16590. [PMID: 38859281 DOI: 10.1364/oe.522046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a dual-band and spectrally selective infrared (IR) absorber based on a hybrid structure comprising a patterned graphene monolayer and cross-shaped gold resonators within a metasurface. Rooted in full-wave numerical simulations, our study shows that the fundamental absorption mode of the gold metasurface hybridizes with the graphene pattern, leading to a second absorptive mode whose properties depend on graphene's electrical properties and physical geometry. Specifically, the central operation band of the absorber is defined by the gold resonators whereas the relative absorption level and spectral separation between the two modes can be controlled by graphene's chemical potential and its pattern, respectively. We analyze this platform using coupled-mode theory to understand the coupling mechanism between these modes and to elucidate the emergence and tuning of the dual band response. The proposed dual-band device can operate at different bands across the IR spectrum and may open new possibilities for tailored sensing applications in spectroscopy, thermal imaging, and environmental monitoring.
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19
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Zhang J, Dong B, Wang Y, Li M, Liu Y, Lu H, Yu K. Ultra-high Q resonances based on zero group-velocity modes accompanied by bound states in the continuum in 2D photonic crystal slabs. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:15065-15077. [PMID: 38859166 DOI: 10.1364/oe.522217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Optical resonators made of 2D photonic crystal (PhC) slabs provide efficient ways to manipulate light at the nanoscale through small group-velocity modes with low radiation losses. The resonant modes in periodic photonic lattices are predominantly limited by nonleaky guided modes at the boundary of the Brillouin zone below the light cone. Here, we propose a mechanism for ultra-high Q resonators based on the bound states in the continuum (BICs) above the light cone that have zero-group velocity (ZGV) at an arbitrary Bloch wavevector. By means of the mode expansion method, the construction and evolution of avoided crossings and Friedrich-Wintgen BICs are theoretically investigated at the same time. By tuning geometric parameters of the PhC slab, the coalescence of eigenfrequencies for a pair of BIC and ZGV modes is achieved, indicating that the waveguide modes are confined longitudinally by small group-velocity propagation and transversely by BICs. Using this mechanism, we engineer ultra-high Q nanoscale resonators that can significantly suppress the radiative losses, despite the operating frequencies above the light cone and the momenta at the generic k point. Our work suggests that the designed devices possess potential applications in low-threshold lasers and enhanced nonlinear effects.
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20
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Yao J, Hsu WL, Liang Y, Lin R, Chen MK, Tsai DP. Nonlocal metasurface for dark-field edge emission. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn2752. [PMID: 38630828 PMCID: PMC11023491 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn2752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Nonlocal effects originating from interactions between neighboring meta-atoms introduce additional degrees of freedom for peculiar characteristics of metadevices, such as enhancement, selectivity, and spatial modulation. However, they are generally difficult to manipulate because of the collective responses of multiple meta-atoms. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the nonlocal metasurface to realize the spatial modulation of dark-field emission. Plasmonic asymmetric split rings (ASRs) are designed to simultaneously excite local dipole resonance and nonlocal quasi-bound states in the continuum and spatially extended modes. With one type of unit, nonlocal effects are tailored by varying array periods. ASRs at the metasurface's edge lack sufficient interactions, resulting in stronger dark-field scattering and thus edge emission properties of the metasurface. Pixel-level spatial control is demonstrated by simply erasing some units, providing more flexibility than conventional local metasurfaces. This work paves the way for manipulating nonlocal effects and facilitates applications in optical trapping and sorting at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei-Lun Hsu
- Department of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Taoyuan 320371, Taiwan
| | - Yao Liang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rong Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mu Ku Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Din Ping Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Centre for Biosystems, Neuroscience, and Nanotechnology, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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21
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Ma J, Zhang J, Horder J, Sukhorukov AA, Toth M, Neshev DN, Aharonovich I. Engineering Quantum Light Sources with Flat Optics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2313589. [PMID: 38477536 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Quantum light sources are essential building blocks for many quantum technologies, enabling secure communication, powerful computing, and precise sensing and imaging. Recent advancements have witnessed a significant shift toward the utilization of "flat" optics with thickness at subwavelength scales for the development of quantum light sources. This approach offers notable advantages over conventional bulky counterparts, including compactness, scalability, and improved efficiency, along with added functionalities. This review focuses on the recent advances in leveraging flat optics to generate quantum light sources. Specifically, the generation of entangled photon pairs through spontaneous parametric down-conversion in nonlinear metasurfaces, and single photon emission from quantum emitters including quantum dots and color centers in 3D and 2D materials are explored. The review covers theoretical principles, fabrication techniques, and properties of these sources, with particular emphasis on the enhanced generation and engineering of quantum light sources using optical resonances supported by nanostructures. The diverse application range of these sources is discussed and the current challenges and perspectives in the field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyong Ma
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, 2600, Australia
| | - Jihua Zhang
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, 2600, Australia
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Jake Horder
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007, Australia
| | - Andrey A Sukhorukov
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, 2600, Australia
| | - Milos Toth
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007, Australia
| | - Dragomir N Neshev
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, 2600, Australia
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, 2007, Australia
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22
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Chen Z, Cao A, Liu D, Zhu Z, Yang F, Fan Y, Liu R, Huang Z, Li Y. Self-Confined Dewetting Mechanism in Wafer-Scale Patterning of Gold Nanoparticle Arrays with Strong Surface Lattice Resonance for Plasmonic Sensing. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306239. [PMID: 38225745 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
A self-confined solid-state dewetting mechanism is reported that can fundamentally reduce the use of sophisticated nanofabrication techniques, enabling efficient wafer-scale patterning of non-closely packed (ncp) gold nanoparticle arrays. When combined with a soft lithography process, this approach can address the reproducibility challenges associated with colloidal crystal self-assembly, allowing for the batch fabrication of ncp gold arrays with consistent ordering and even optical properties. The resulting dewetted ncp gold nanoparticle arrays exhibit strong surface lattice resonance properties when excited in inhomogeneous environments under normal white-light incidence. With these SLR properties, the sensitive plasmonic sensing of molecular interactions is achieved using a simple transmission setup. This study will advance the development of miniaturized and portable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Chen
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - An Cao
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Dilong Liu
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
- Goldots Detection technology of Hefei Co. Ltd, Hefei, 230000, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoting Zhu
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yulong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610209, P. R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Zhulin Huang
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Lab of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Lab of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
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23
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Palmieri A, Dorrah AH, Yang J, Oh J, Dainese P, Capasso F. Do dielectric bilayer metasurfaces behave as a stack of decoupled single-layer metasurfaces? OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:8146-8159. [PMID: 38439479 DOI: 10.1364/oe.505401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Flat optics or metasurfaces have opened new frontiers in wavefront shaping and its applications. Polarization optics is one prominent area which has greatly benefited from the shape-birefringence of metasurfaces. However, flat optics comprising a single layer of meta-atoms can only perform a subset of polarization transformations, constrained by a symmetric Jones matrix. This limitation can be tackled using metasurfaces composed of bilayer meta-atoms but exhausting all possible combinations of geometries to build a bilayer metasurface library is a very daunting task. Consequently, bilayer metasurfaces have been widely treated as a cascade (product) of two decoupled single-layer metasurfaces. Here, we test the validity of this assumption for dielectric metasurfaces by considering a metasurface made of titanium dioxide on fused silica substrate at a design wavelength of 532 nm. We explore regions in the design space where the coupling between the top and bottom layers can be neglected, i.e., producing a far-field response which approximates that of two decoupled single-layer metasurfaces. We complement this picture with the near-field analysis to explore the underlying physics in regions where both layers are strongly coupled. We also show the generality of our analysis by applying it to silicon metasurfaces at telecom wavelengths. Our unified approach allows the designer to efficiently build a multi-layer dielectric metasurface, either in transmission or reflection, by only running one full-wave simulation for a single-layer metasurface.
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24
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Ni B, Chu G, Xu Z, Hou L, Liu X, Xiong J. High Q-Factor, High Contrast, and Multi-Band Optical Sensor Based on Plasmonic Square Bracket Dimer Metasurface. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:421. [PMID: 38470752 DOI: 10.3390/nano14050421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
A high-performance resonant metasurface is rather promising for diverse application areas such as optical sensing and filtering. Herein, a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) optical sensor with merits of a high quality-factor (Q-factor), multiple operating bands, and high spectrum contrast is proposed using plasmonic square bracket dimer metasurface. Due to the complex square bracket itself, a dimer structure of two oppositely placed square brackets, and metasurface array configuration, multiple kinds of mode coupling can be devised in the inner and outer elements within the metasurface, enabling four sensing channels with the sensitivities higher than 200 nm/RIU for refractive index sensing. Among them, the special sensing channel based on the reflection-type surface lattice resonance (SLR) mechanism has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of only 2 nm, a high peak-to-dip signal contrast of 0.82, a high Q-factor of 548, and it can also behave as a good sensing channel for the thickness measurement of the deposition layer. The multi-band sensor can work normally in a large refractive index or thickness range, and the number of resonant channels can be further increased by simply breaking the structural symmetry or changing the polarization angle of incident light. Equipped with unique advantages, the suggested plasmonic metasurface has great potential in sensing, monitoring, filtering, and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ni
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Guanghu Chu
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Zheyang Xu
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Lianping Hou
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jichuan Xiong
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
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25
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Capitaine A, Fajri ML, Sciacca B. Pushing the Limits of Capillary Assembly for the Arbitrary Positioning of Sub-50nm Nanocubes in Printable Plasmonic Surfaces. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300373. [PMID: 37391271 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of high quality nanophotonic surfaces for integration in optoelectronic devices remains a challenge because of the complexity and cost of top-down nanofabrication strategies. Combining colloidal synthesis with templated self-assembly emerged as an appealing low-cost solution. However, it still faces several obstacles before integration in devices can become a reality. This is mostly due to the difficulty in assembling small nanoparticles (<50 nm) in complex nanopatterns with a high yield. In this study, a reliable methodology is proposed to fabricate printable nanopatterns with an aspect ratio varying from 1 to 10 and a lateral resolution of 30 nm via nanocube assembly and epitaxy. Investigating templated assembly via capillary forces, a new regime was identified that was used to assemble 30-40 nm nanocubes in a patterned polydimethylsiloxane template with a high yield for both Au and Ag with multiple particles per trap. This new method relies on the generation and control of an accumulation zone at the contact line that is thin as opposed to dense, displaying higher versatility. This is in contrast with conventional wisdom, identifying a dense accumulation zone as a requirement for high-yield assembly. In addition, different formulations are proposed that can be used for the colloidal dispersion, showing that the standard water-surfactant solutions can be replaced by surfactant-free ethanol solutions, with good assembly yield. This allows to minimize the presence of surfactants that can affect electronic properties. Finally, it is shown that the obtained nanocube arrays can be transformed into continuous monocrystalline nanopatterns via nanocube epitaxy at near ambient temperature, and transferred to different substrates via contact printing. This approach opens new doors to the templated assembly of small colloids and could find potential applications in various optoelectronic devices ranging from solar cells to light-emitting diodes and displays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Capitaine
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - Muhammad L Fajri
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, 13009, France
| | - Beniamino Sciacca
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINaM, Campus de Luminy, Marseille, 13009, France
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26
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Baßler NS, Aiello A, Schmidt KP, Genes C, Reitz M. Metasurface-Based Hybrid Optical Cavities for Chiral Sensing. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:043602. [PMID: 38335329 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.043602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Quantum metasurfaces, i.e., two-dimensional subwavelength arrays of quantum emitters, can be employed as mirrors towards the design of hybrid cavities, where the optical response is given by the interplay of a cavity-confined field and the surface modes supported by the arrays. We show that stacked layers of quantum metasurfaces with orthogonal dipole orientation can serve as helicity-preserving cavities. These structures exhibit ultranarrow resonances and can enhance the intensity of the incoming field by orders of magnitude, while simultaneously preserving the handedness of the field circulating inside the resonator, as opposed to conventional cavities. The rapid phase shift in the cavity transmission around the resonance can be exploited for the sensitive detection of chiral scatterers passing through the cavity. We discuss possible applications of these resonators as sensors for the discrimination of chiral molecules. Our approach describes a new way of chiral sensing via the measurement of particle-induced phase shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico S Baßler
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Aiello
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kai P Schmidt
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudiu Genes
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Reitz
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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27
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Isnard E, Héron S, Lanteri S, Elsawy M. Advancing wavefront shaping with resonant nonlocal metasurfaces: beyond the limitations of lookup tables. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1555. [PMID: 38238406 PMCID: PMC10796368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51898-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Resonant metasurfaces are of paramount importance in addressing the growing demand for reduced thickness and complexity, while ensuring high optical efficiency. This becomes particularly crucial in overcoming fabrication challenges associated with high aspect ratio structures, thereby enabling seamless integration of metasurfaces with electronic components at an advanced level. However, traditional design approaches relying on lookup tables and local field approximations often fail to achieve optimal performance, especially for nonlocal resonant metasurfaces. In this study, we investigate the use of statistical learning optimization techniques for nonlocal resonant metasurfaces, with a specific emphasis on the role of near-field coupling in wavefront shaping beyond single unit cell simulations. Our study achieves significant advancements in the design theoretical conception of resonant metasurfaces. For transmission-based metasurfaces, a beam steering design outperforms the classical design by achieving an impressive efficiency of 80% compared to the previous 23%. Additionally, our optimized extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) metalens yields a remarkable five-fold increase in focal depth, a four-fold enhancement in focusing power compared to conventional designs and an optical resolution superior to 600 cycle/mm across the focus region. Moreover, our study demonstrates remarkable performance with a wavelength-selected beam steering metagrating in reflection, achieving exceptional efficiency surpassing 85%. This far outperforms classical gradient phase distribution approaches, emphasizing the immense potential for groundbreaking applications in the field of resonant metasurfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Isnard
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inria, CNRS, LJAD, 06902, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
- THALES Research and Technology, 1 Avenue Augustin Fresnel, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Sébastien Héron
- THALES Research and Technology, 1 Avenue Augustin Fresnel, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Stéphane Lanteri
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inria, CNRS, LJAD, 06902, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| | - Mahmoud Elsawy
- Université Côte d'Azur, Inria, CNRS, LJAD, 06902, Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France.
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28
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Song Y, Liu L, Li S, Jiang X, Zheng X. CoFeSe 2 @DMSA@FA Nanocatalyst for Amplification of Oxidative Stress to Achieve Multimodal Tumor Therapy. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300631. [PMID: 37930640 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine has significantly advanced precise tumor therapy, providing essential technical blessing for active drug accumulation, targeted consignment, and mitigation of noxious side effects. To enhance anti-tumor efficacy, the integration of multiple therapeutic modalities has garnered significant attention. Here, we designed an innovative CoFeSe2 @DMSA@FA nanocatalyst with Se vacancies (abbreviated as CFSDF), which exhibits synergistic chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), leading to amplified tumor oxidative stress and enhanced photothermal effects. The multifunctional CFSDF nanocatalyst exhibits the remarkable ability to catalyze the Fenton reaction within the acidic tumor microenvironment, efficiently converting hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) into highly harmful hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH). Moreover, the nanocatalyst effectively diminishes GSH levels and ameliorates intracellular oxidative stress. The incorporation of FA modification enables CFSDF to evade immune detection and selectively target tumor tissues. Numerous in vitro and in vivo investigations have consistently demonstrated that CFSDF optimizes its individual advantages and significantly enhances therapeutic efficiency through synergistic effects of multiple therapeutic modalities, offering a valuable and effective approach to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzi Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials and, Nanomedicine in Universities of Shandong, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Lekang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials and, Nanomedicine in Universities of Shandong, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Shulian Li
- Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi, 276000, China) E-mail: address
| | - Xiaolei Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials and, Nanomedicine in Universities of Shandong, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Xiuwen Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials and, Nanomedicine in Universities of Shandong, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
- Qilu Normal University, Jinan, 250200, China
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29
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Qi X, Pérez LA, Alonso MI, Mihi A. High Q-Factor Plasmonic Surface Lattice Resonances in Colloidal Nanoparticle Arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1259-1267. [PMID: 38011896 PMCID: PMC10788823 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Surface lattice resonances (SLRs) sustained by ordered metal arrays are characterized by their narrow spectral features, remarkable quality factors, and the ability to tune their spectral properties based on the periodicity of the array. However, the majority of these structures are fabricated using classical lithographic processes or require postannealing steps at high temperatures to enhance the quality of the metal. These limitations hinder the widespread utilization of these periodic metal arrays in various applications. In this work, we use the scalable technique of template-assisted assembly of metal colloids to produce plasmonic supercrystals over centimeter areas capable of sustaining SLRs with high Q factors reaching up to 270. Our approach obviates the need for any postprocessing, offering a streamlined and efficient fabrication route. Furthermore, our method enables extensive tunability across the entire visible and near-infrared spectral ranges, empowering the design of tailored plasmonic resonant structures for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Isabel Alonso
- Institute of Materials Science
of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Agustín Mihi
- Institute of Materials Science
of Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
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30
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Mascaretti L, Chen Y, Henrotte O, Yesilyurt O, Shalaev VM, Naldoni A, Boltasseva A. Designing Metasurfaces for Efficient Solar Energy Conversion. ACS PHOTONICS 2023; 10:4079-4103. [PMID: 38145171 PMCID: PMC10740004 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces have recently emerged as a promising technological platform, offering unprecedented control over light by structuring materials at the nanoscale using two-dimensional arrays of subwavelength nanoresonators. These metasurfaces possess exceptional optical properties, enabling a wide variety of applications in imaging, sensing, telecommunication, and energy-related fields. One significant advantage of metasurfaces lies in their ability to manipulate the optical spectrum by precisely engineering the geometry and material composition of the nanoresonators' array. Consequently, they hold tremendous potential for efficient solar light harvesting and conversion. In this Review, we delve into the current state-of-the-art in solar energy conversion devices based on metasurfaces. First, we provide an overview of the fundamental processes involved in solar energy conversion, alongside an introduction to the primary classes of metasurfaces, namely, plasmonic and dielectric metasurfaces. Subsequently, we explore the numerical tools used that guide the design of metasurfaces, focusing particularly on inverse design methods that facilitate an optimized optical response. To showcase the practical applications of metasurfaces, we present selected examples across various domains such as photovoltaics, photoelectrochemistry, photocatalysis, solar-thermal and photothermal routes, and radiative cooling. These examples highlight the ways in which metasurfaces can be leveraged to harness solar energy effectively. By tailoring the optical properties of metasurfaces, significant advancements can be expected in solar energy harvesting technologies, offering new practical solutions to support an emerging sustainable society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mascaretti
- Czech
Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Regional Centre of Advanced
Technologies and Materials, Palacký
University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department
of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical
Engineering, Czech Technical University
in Prague, Břehová
7, 11519 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Yuheng Chen
- Elmore
Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology
Center, and Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- The
Quantum Science Center (QSC), a National Quantum Information Science
Research Center of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37931, United States
| | - Olivier Henrotte
- Czech
Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Regional Centre of Advanced
Technologies and Materials, Palacký
University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Omer Yesilyurt
- Elmore
Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology
Center, and Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- The
Quantum Science Center (QSC), a National Quantum Information Science
Research Center of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37931, United States
| | - Vladimir M. Shalaev
- Elmore
Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology
Center, and Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- The
Quantum Science Center (QSC), a National Quantum Information Science
Research Center of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37931, United States
| | - Alberto Naldoni
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Alexandra Boltasseva
- Elmore
Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology
Center, and Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- The
Quantum Science Center (QSC), a National Quantum Information Science
Research Center of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37931, United States
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31
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Lin CH, Huang SH, Lin TH, Wu PC. Metasurface-empowered snapshot hyperspectral imaging with convex/deep (CODE) small-data learning theory. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6979. [PMID: 37914700 PMCID: PMC10620425 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42381-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperspectral imaging is vital for material identification but traditional systems are bulky, hindering the development of compact systems. While previous metasurfaces address volume issues, the requirements of complicated fabrication processes and significant footprint still limit their applications. This work reports a compact snapshot hyperspectral imager by incorporating the meta-optics with a small-data convex/deep (CODE) deep learning theory. Our snapshot hyperspectral imager comprises only one single multi-wavelength metasurface chip working in the visible window (500-650 nm), significantly reducing the device area. To demonstrate the high performance of our hyperspectral imager, a 4-band multispectral imaging dataset is used as the input. Through the CODE-driven imaging system, it efficiently generates an 18-band hyperspectral data cube with high fidelity using only 18 training data points. We expect the elegant integration of multi-resonant metasurfaces with small-data learning theory will enable low-profile advanced instruments for fundamental science studies and real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Miin Wu School of Computing, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hsiu Huang
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Pin Chieh Wu
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research & Technology (QFort), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
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32
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Zheng H, Bai Y, Zhang Q, Yu Y, Liu S. Multiple surface lattice resonances of overlapping nanoparticle arrays with different lattice spacing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:35937-35947. [PMID: 38017754 DOI: 10.1364/oe.503748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Multiple surface lattice resonances generated with nanoparticle arrays are promising to enhance light-matter interactions at different spectral positions simultaneously, and it is important to tailor these resonances to desired frequencies for practical applications such as multi-modal nanolasing. To this end, this study proposes to generate multiple surface lattice resonances using overlapping nanoparticle arrays with different lattice spacing. Both full-wave numerical simulations and analytical coupled dipole approximation calculations reveal that for the overlapping structures composed with two different gold nanosphere arrays, both surface lattice resonances for the element structures are effectively excited. Considering that the optical responses are governed by the dipole-dipole interactions between the nanoparticles, it is interesting to find that the multiple surface lattice resonances are almost invariant by adjusting the relative shifts between the two arrays, which can be useful to tailor the high-quality factor resonances to desired spectral positions. In addition, due to the same reason, it is also shown that the multiple surface lattice resonances can be further finely tuned by selectively removing specific nanoparticles in the array. We anticipate that the tolerance to generate multiple surface lattice resonances and the flexible tunability make the overlapping nanoparticle arrays useful to design high performance linear and nonlinear nanophotonic devices.
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33
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Kim D, Yu J, Boehm G, Belkin MA, Lee J. Efficient Second-Harmonic Generation from Dielectric Inter-subband Polaritonic Metasurfaces Coupled to Lattice Resonance. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9003-9010. [PMID: 37756214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical metasurfaces offer a possibility to perform frequency mixing without the phase-matching constraints of bulk nonlinear crystals and with control of the local nonlinear response at a sub-wavelength scale. Nonlinear inter-subband polaritonic metasurfaces created by combining the semiconductor heterostructures with quantum-engineered inter-subband nonlinear response and electromagnetically engineered metal-clad nanoresonators offer by far the largest second-order nonlinear response of all condensed matter systems reported to date. However, the nonlinear optical response of these metasurfaces is limited by optical intensity saturation in the nanoresonator hot spots that prevented the achievement of power conversion efficiencies over 0.2% in three-wave mixing experiments. In this study, we propose and experimentally demonstrate dielectric inter-subband polaritonic metasurfaces for second-harmonic generation that achieve 0.37% power conversion efficiency. Our structure is created by a new design approach that combines dielectric resonators inducing Mie resonant modes with a lattice resonance to achieve a uniform and high field enhancement throughout the meta-atom volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeik Kim
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyeon Yu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Gerhard Boehm
- Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Mikhail A Belkin
- Walter Schottky Institute, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Jongwon Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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34
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Zhou X, Zhang X, Zuo Y, Chen Z, Qian Z, Zhang Z, Peng C, Li H. Ultra-compact on-chip spectrometer based on thermally tuned topological miniaturized bound states in the continuum cavity. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:4993-4996. [PMID: 37773368 DOI: 10.1364/ol.502507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
On-chip spectrometers are key components in many spectral sensing applications owing to their unique advantages in size and in situ detection. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a class of thermally tunable spectrometers by utilizing topological miniaturized bound states in the continuum (mini-BIC) cavities in a photonic crystal (PhC) slab combined with a metal micro-ring heater. We achieve a resolution of 0.19 nm in a spectral range of ∼6 nm, while the device's footprint is only 42×42μm2. The mini-BIC spectrometer works in nearly vertical incidence and is compatible with array operation. Our work sheds light on the new possibilities of high-performance on-chip spectrometers for applications ranging from bio-sensing to medicine.
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35
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Kabashin AV, Kravets VG, Grigorenko AN. Label-free optical biosensing: going beyond the limits. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6554-6585. [PMID: 37681251 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00155e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Label-free optical biosensing holds great promise for a variety of applications in biomedical diagnostics, environmental and food safety, and security. It is already used as a key tool in the investigation of biomolecular binding events and reaction constants in real time and offers further potential additional functionalities and low-cost designs. However, the sensitivity of this technology does not match the routinely used but expensive and slow labelling methods. Therefore, label-free optical biosensing remains predominantly a research tool. Here we discuss how one can go beyond the limits of detection provided by standard optical biosensing platforms and achieve a sensitivity of label-free biosensing that is superior to labelling methods. To this end we review newly emerging optical implementations that overcome current sensitivity barriers by employing novel structural architectures, artificial materials (metamaterials and hetero-metastructures) and using phase of light as a sensing parameter. Furthermore, we elucidate the mechanism of plasmonic phase biosensing and review hyper-sensitive transducers, which can achieve detection limits at the single molecule level (less than 1 fg mm-2) and make it possible to detect analytes at several orders of magnitude lower concentrations than so far reported in literature. We finally discuss newly emerging layouts based on dielectric nanomaterials, bound states in continuum, and exceptional points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V Kabashin
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, UMR 7341 CNRS, LP3, Campus de Luminy-case 917, 13288, Marseille Cedex 9, France.
| | - Vasyl G Kravets
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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36
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Wang Y, Yang Z, Hu P, Hossain S, Liu Z, Ou TH, Ye J, Wu W. End-to-End Diverse Metasurface Design and Evaluation Using an Invertible Neural Network. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2561. [PMID: 37764590 PMCID: PMC10534592 DOI: 10.3390/nano13182561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Employing deep learning models to design high-performance metasurfaces has garnered significant attention due to its potential benefits in terms of accuracy and efficiency. A deep learning-based metasurface design framework typically comprises a forward prediction path for predicting optical responses and a backward retrieval path for generating geometrical configurations. In the forward design path, a specific geometrical configuration corresponds to a unique optical response. However, in the inverse design path, a single performance metric can correspond to multiple potential designs. This one-to-many mapping poses a significant challenge for deep learning models and can potentially impede their performance. Although representing the inverse path as a probabilistic distribution is a widely adopted method for tackling this problem, accurately capturing the posterior distribution to encompass all potential solutions remains an ongoing challenge. Furthermore, in most pioneering works, the forward and backward paths are captured using separate models. However, the knowledge acquired from the forward path does not contribute to the training of the backward model. This separation of models adds complexity to the system and can hinder the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the design framework. Here, we utilized an invertible neural network (INN) to simultaneously model both the forward and inverse process. Unlike other frameworks, INN focuses on the forward process and implicitly captures a probabilistic model for the inverse process. Given a specific optical response, the INN enables the recovery of the complete posterior over the parameter space. This capability allows for the generation of novel designs that are not present in the training data. Through the integration of the INN with the angular spectrum method, we have developed an efficient and automated end-to-end metasurface design and evaluation framework. This novel approach eliminates the need for human intervention and significantly speeds up the design process. Utilizing this advanced framework, we have effectively designed high-efficiency metalenses and dual-polarization metasurface holograms. This approach extends beyond dielectric metasurface design, serving as a general method for modeling optical inverse design problems in diverse optical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Wang
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ziyuan Yang
- The High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China, CUIWEI Campus, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Pan Hu
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Sushmit Hossain
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Zerui Liu
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Tse-Hsien Ou
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Jiacheng Ye
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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37
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Feng J, Wang X, Cheng J, Zeng M. Polarization-independent bound state in the continuum without the help of rotational symmetry. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:4829-4832. [PMID: 37707913 DOI: 10.1364/ol.500769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, research about bound states in the continuum (BICs) has become more and more attractive. Nanostructures with rotational symmetry are usually utilized to realize polarization-independent quasi-BIC resonances. Here, we propose a new, to the best of our knowledge, scheme for a polarization-independent quasi-BIC without the help of rotational symmetry. With the rotation of the polarization direction of the incident light, a quasi-BIC resonance can be consistently observed in a dielectric cubic tetramer metasurface without rotational symmetry. Based on far-field multipolar decomposition and near-field electromagnetic distributions, it is found that different multipoles exhibit different dependences on the polarization direction, and the switch between electric and magnetic quadrupoles results in polarization-independent quasi-BIC resonance. Our findings provide an alternative scheme to design polarization-independent devices and promote wider potential applications.
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Coello V, Abdulkareem MUA, Garcia-Ortiz CE, Sosa-Sánchez CT, Téllez-Limón R, Peña-Gomar M. Plasmonic Coupled Modes in a Metal-Dielectric Periodic Nanostructure. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1713. [PMID: 37763875 PMCID: PMC10535901 DOI: 10.3390/mi14091713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study we investigate the optical properties of a 2D-gap surface plasmon metasurface composed of gold nanoblocks (nanoantennas) arranged in a metal-dielectric configuration. This novel structure demonstrates the capability of generating simultaneous multi-plasmonic resonances and offers tunability within the near-infrared domain. Through finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations, we analyze the metasurface's reflectance spectra for various lattice periods and identify two distinct dips with near-zero reflectance, indicative of resonant modes. Notably, the broader dip at 1150 nm exhibits consistent behavior across all lattice periodicities, attributed to a Fano-type hybridization mechanism originating from the overlap between localized surface plasmons (LSPs) of metallic nanoblocks and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) of the underlying metal layer. Additionally, we investigate the influence of dielectric gap thickness on the gap surface plasmon resonance and observe a blue shift for smaller gaps and a spectral red shift for gaps larger than 100 nm. The dispersion analysis of resonance wavelengths reveals an anticrossing region, indicating the hybridization of localized and propagating modes at wavelengths around 1080 nm with similar periodicities. The simplicity and tunability of our metasurface design hold promise for compact optical platforms based on reflection mode operation. Potential applications include multi-channel biosensors, second-harmonic generation, and multi-wavelength surface-enhanced spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Coello
- Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Unidad Monterrey, Alianza Centro 504, PIIT, Apodaca 66629, Mexico; (V.C.); (C.T.S.-S.)
| | - Mas-ud A. Abdulkareem
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Avenida Francisco J. Múgica s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia 58030, Mexico; (M.-u.A.A.); (M.P.-G.)
| | - Cesar E. Garcia-Ortiz
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Citlalli T. Sosa-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Unidad Monterrey, Alianza Centro 504, PIIT, Apodaca 66629, Mexico; (V.C.); (C.T.S.-S.)
| | - Ricardo Téllez-Limón
- CONACYT—Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Unidad Monterrey, Alianza Centro 504, PIIT, Apodaca 66629, Mexico;
| | - Marycarmen Peña-Gomar
- Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Avenida Francisco J. Múgica s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia 58030, Mexico; (M.-u.A.A.); (M.P.-G.)
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Zhang Z, Xu C, Liu C, Lang M, Zhang Y, Li M, Lu W, Chen Z, Wang C, Wang S, Li X. Dual Control of Enhanced Quasi-Bound States in the Continuum Emission from Resonant c-Si Metasurfaces. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:7584-7592. [PMID: 37539848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Optical bound states in the continuum (BICs) offer strong interactions with quantum emitters and have been extensively studied for manipulating spontaneous emission, lasing, and polariton Bose-Einstein condensation. However, the out-coupling efficiency of quasi-BIC emission, crucial for practical light-emitting devices, has received less attention. Here, we report an adaptable approach for enhancing quasi-BIC emission from a resonant monocrystalline silicon (c-Si) metasurface through lattice and multipolar engineering. We identify dual-BICs originating from electric quadrupoles (EQ) and out-of-plane magnetic dipoles, with EQ quasi-BICs exhibiting concentrated near-fields near the c-Si nanodisks. The enhanced fractional radiative local density of states of EQ quasi-BICs overlaps spatially with the emitters, promoting efficient out-coupling. Furthermore, coupling the EQ quasi-BICs with Rayleigh anomalies enhances directional emission intensity, and we observe inherent opposite topological charges in the multipolarly controlled dual-BICs. These findings provide valuable insights for developing efficient nanophotonic devices based on quasi-BICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghe Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Chaojie Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chen Liu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Man Lang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yuehao Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Minghao Li
- Department of Physics and Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wanli Lu
- School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Zefeng Chen
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Chinhua Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Shaojun Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
- Key Lab of Advanced Optical Manufacturing Technologies of Jiangsu Province & Key Lab of Modern Optical Technologies of Education Ministry of China, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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40
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Sharma M, Tal M, McDonnell C, Ellenbogen T. Electrically and all-optically switchable nonlocal nonlinear metasurfaces. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh2353. [PMID: 37585536 PMCID: PMC10431712 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh2353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Nonlocal effects on metasurfaces play an important role to achieve high-Q spectral selectivity, beneficial for development of multifunctional, multispectral integrated optics. In addition, they enhance the optical interaction and promote a variety of nonlinear effects, including frequency conversion and stimulated scattering. Active tuning of nonlocal nonlinearity is highly desirable for sensing and signal processing but was hardly explored until now. Here, we show drastic electric and all-optical tunability of nonlocal second-harmonic generation (SHG) from nonlinear metasurface, functionalized with a twisted nematic liquid-crystal (LC) layer. The addition of LC results in the emergence of strong nonlocal SHG, due to a surface lattice resonance of the system. We demonstrate a notable enhancement of SHG on resonance, more than 25 dB electrical switching amplitude, and all-optically induced phase transition imprinted on SHG. Our results on dynamic nonlocal effects introduce a very promising route for active nonlinear optical metadevices at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Sharma
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6779801, Israel
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6779801, Israel
| | - Mai Tal
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6779801, Israel
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6779801, Israel
| | - Cormac McDonnell
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6779801, Israel
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6779801, Israel
| | - Tal Ellenbogen
- Department of Physical Electronics, Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6779801, Israel
- Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6779801, Israel
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41
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Lu Y, Hale LL, Zaman AM, Addamane SJ, Brener I, Mitrofanov O, Degl’Innocenti R. Near-Field Spectroscopy of Individual Asymmetric Split-Ring Terahertz Resonators. ACS PHOTONICS 2023; 10:2832-2838. [PMID: 37602291 PMCID: PMC10436345 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Metamaterial resonators have become an efficient and versatile platform in the terahertz frequency range, finding applications in integrated optical devices, such as active modulators and detectors, and in fundamental research, e.g., ultrastrong light-matter investigations. Despite their growing use, characterization of modes supported by these subwavelength elements has proven to be challenging and it still relies on indirect observation of the collective far-field transmission/reflection properties of resonator arrays. Here, we present a broadband time-domain spectroscopic investigation of individual metamaterial resonators via a THz aperture scanning near-field microscope (a-SNOM). The time-domain a-SNOM allows the mapping and quantitative analysis of strongly confined modes supported by the resonators. In particular, a cross-polarized configuration presented here allows an investigation of weakly radiative modes. These results hold great potential to advance future metamaterial-based optoelectronic platforms for fundamental research in THz photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhen Lu
- School
of Engineering, New Engineering Building, Lancaster University, Gillow Ave, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YW, U.K.
| | - Lucy L. Hale
- Electronic
and Electrical Engineering, University College
London, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Abdullah M. Zaman
- School
of Engineering, New Engineering Building, Lancaster University, Gillow Ave, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YW, U.K.
| | - Sadhvikas J. Addamane
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia
National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, United States
| | - Igal Brener
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia
National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, United States
| | - Oleg Mitrofanov
- Electronic
and Electrical Engineering, University College
London, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
- Center
for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia
National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123, United States
| | - Riccardo Degl’Innocenti
- School
of Engineering, New Engineering Building, Lancaster University, Gillow Ave, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YW, U.K.
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42
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Han JH, Kim D, Kim J, Kim G, Fischer P, Jeong HH. Plasmonic Nanostructure Engineering with Shadow Growth. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2107917. [PMID: 35332960 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Physical shadow growth is a vacuum deposition technique that permits a wide variety of 3D-shaped nanoparticles and structures to be fabricated from a large library of materials. Recent advances in the control of the shadow effect at the nanoscale expand the scope of nanomaterials from spherical nanoparticles to complex 3D shaped hybrid nanoparticles and structures. In particular, plasmonically active nanomaterials can be engineered in their shape and material composition so that they exhibit unique physical and chemical properties. Here, the recent progress in the development of shadow growth techniques to realize hybrid plasmonic nanomaterials is discussed. The review describes how fabrication permits the material response to be engineered and highlights novel functions. Potential fields of application with a focus on photonic devices, biomedical, and chiral spectroscopic applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Hwan Han
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Doeun Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhwan Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyurin Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Peer Fischer
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hyeon-Ho Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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43
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Hu J, Safir F, Chang K, Dagli S, Balch HB, Abendroth JM, Dixon J, Moradifar P, Dolia V, Sahoo MK, Pinsky BA, Jeffrey SS, Lawrence M, Dionne JA. Rapid genetic screening with high quality factor metasurfaces. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4486. [PMID: 37495593 PMCID: PMC10372074 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39721-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic analysis methods are foundational to advancing personalized medicine, accelerating disease diagnostics, and monitoring the health of organisms and ecosystems. Current nucleic acid technologies such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) rely on sample amplification and can suffer from inhibition. Here, we introduce a label-free genetic screening platform based on high quality (high-Q) factor silicon nanoantennas functionalized with nucleic acid fragments. Each high-Q nanoantenna exhibits average resonant quality factors of 2,200 in physiological buffer. We quantitatively detect two gene fragments, SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) and open reading frame 1b (ORF1b), with high-specificity via DNA hybridization. We also demonstrate femtomolar sensitivity in buffer and nanomolar sensitivity in spiked nasopharyngeal eluates within 5 minutes. Nanoantennas are patterned at densities of 160,000 devices per cm2, enabling future work on highly-multiplexed detection. Combined with advances in complex sample processing, our work provides a foundation for rapid, compact, and amplification-free molecular assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Fareeha Safir
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 440 Escondido Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kai Chang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, 350 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sahil Dagli
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Halleh B Balch
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - John M Abendroth
- Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jefferson Dixon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 440 Escondido Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Parivash Moradifar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Varun Dolia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Malaya K Sahoo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Benjamin A Pinsky
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Stefanie S Jeffrey
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Mark Lawrence
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 1 Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Jennifer A Dionne
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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44
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Chung T, Wang H, Cai H. Dielectric metasurfaces for next-generation optical biosensing: a comparison with plasmonic sensing. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:10.1088/1361-6528/ace117. [PMID: 37352839 PMCID: PMC10416613 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ace117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, nanophotonic biosensors have been extended from the extensively studied plasmonic platforms to dielectric metasurfaces. Instead of plasmonic resonance, dielectric metasurfaces are based on Mie resonance, and provide comparable sensitivity with superior resonance bandwidth, Q factor, and figure-of-merit. Although the plasmonic photothermal effect is beneficial in many biomedical applications, it is a fundamental limitation for biosensing. Dielectric metasurfaces solve the ohmic loss and heating problems, providing better repeatability, stability, and biocompatibility. We review the high-Q resonances based on various physical phenomena tailored by meta-atom geometric designs, and compare dielectric and plasmonic metasurfaces in refractometric, surface-enhanced, and chiral sensing for various biomedical and diagnostic applications. Departing from conventional spectral shift measurement using spectrometers, imaging-based and spectrometer-less biosensing are highlighted, including single-wavelength refractometric barcoding, surface-enhanced molecular fingerprinting, and integrated visual reporting. These unique modalities enabled by dielectric metasurfaces point to two important research directions. On the one hand, hyperspectral imaging provides massive information for smart data processing, which not only achieve better biomolecular sensing performance than conventional ensemble averaging, but also enable real-time monitoring of cellular or microbial behaviour in physiological conditions. On the other hand, a single metasurface can integrate both functions of sensing and optical output engineering, using single-wavelength or broadband light sources, which provides simple, fast, compact, and cost-effective solutions. Finally, we provide perspectives in future development on metasurface nanofabrication, functionalization, material, configuration, and integration, towards next-generation optical biosensing for ultra-sensitive, portable/wearable, lab-on-a-chip, point-of-care, multiplexed, and scalable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taerin Chung
- Tech4Health Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Hao Wang
- Tech4Health Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Haogang Cai
- Tech4Health Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, United States of America
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45
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Liu D, Ren Y, Huo Y, Cai Y, Ning T. Second harmonic generation in plasmonic metasurfaces enhanced by symmetry-protected dual bound states in the continuum. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:23127-23139. [PMID: 37475405 DOI: 10.1364/oe.496853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
We numerically investigate linear and nonlinear optical responses in metasurfaces consisting of Au double-gap split ring resonators (DSRRs). Symmetry-protected dual bound states in the continuum (BICs) in such plasmonic metasurfaces are observed at the near-infrared optical regime. Efficient second harmonic generation (SHG) is obtained at the quasi-BIC models due to the symmetry broken. The optimized SHG responses are obtained at the critical couplings between radiation and nonradiation processes at the linearly x- and y-polarized light, respectively. High conversion efficiency of SHG of a value 10-6 is arrived at the fundamental intensity of 10 GW/cm2 at the quasi-BIC wavelength under the y-polarized illumination. Large extrinsic and tunable chirality of linear and nonlinear optical responses empowered by quasi-BICs is acquired in asymmetry metasurfaces at oblique circularly polarized incidence. The results indicate that the plasmonic metasurfaces of symmetry-protected BICs at the near-infrared optical regime have great potential applications in the on-chip efficient frequency conversion, and the linear and nonlinear chiral manipulation.
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46
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Cerdán L, Zundel L, Manjavacas A. Chiral Lattice Resonances in 2.5-Dimensional Periodic Arrays with Achiral Unit Cells. ACS PHOTONICS 2023; 10:1925-1935. [PMID: 37363634 PMCID: PMC10288824 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Lattice resonances are collective electromagnetic modes supported by periodic arrays of metallic nanostructures. These excitations arise from the coherent multiple scattering between the elements of the array and, thanks to their collective origin, produce very strong and spectrally narrow optical responses. In recent years, there has been significant effort dedicated to characterizing the lattice resonances supported by arrays built from complex unit cells containing multiple nanostructures. Simultaneously, periodic arrays with chiral unit cells, made of either an individual nanostructure with a chiral morphology or a group of nanostructures placed in a chiral arrangement, have been shown to exhibit lattice resonances with different responses to right- and left-handed circularly polarized light. Motivated by this, here, we investigate the lattice resonances supported by square bipartite arrays in which the relative positions of the nanostructures can vary in all three spatial dimensions, effectively functioning as 2.5-dimensional arrays. We find that these systems can support lattice resonances with almost perfect chiral responses and very large quality factors, despite the achirality of the unit cell. Furthermore, we show that the chiral response of the lattice resonances originates from the constructive and destructive interference between the electric and magnetic dipoles induced in the two nanostructures of the unit cell. Our results serve to establish a theoretical framework to describe the optical response of 2.5-dimensional arrays and provide an approach to obtain chiral lattice resonances in periodic arrays with achiral unit cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Cerdán
- Instituto
de Óptica (IO−CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lauren Zundel
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
| | - Alejandro Manjavacas
- Instituto
de Óptica (IO−CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106, United States
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47
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Goerlitzer ESA, Zapata-Herrera M, Ponomareva E, Feller D, Garcia-Etxarri A, Karg M, Aizpurua J, Vogel N. Molecular-Induced Chirality Transfer to Plasmonic Lattice Modes. ACS PHOTONICS 2023; 10:1821-1831. [PMID: 37363627 PMCID: PMC10288536 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chirality plays fundamental roles in biology. The chiral response of a molecule occurs at a specific spectral position, determined by its molecular structure. This fingerprint can be transferred to other spectral regions via the interaction with localized surface plasmon resonances of gold nanoparticles. Here, we demonstrate that molecular chirality transfer occurs also for plasmonic lattice modes, providing a very effective and tunable means to control chirality. We use colloidal self-assembly to fabricate non-close packed, periodic arrays of achiral gold nanoparticles, which are embedded in a polymer film containing chiral molecules. In the presence of the chiral molecules, the surface lattice resonances (SLRs) become optically active, i.e., showing handedness-dependent excitation. Numerical simulations with varying lattice parameters show circular dichroism peaks shifting along with the spectral positions of the lattice modes, corroborating the chirality transfer to these collective modes. A semi-analytical model based on the coupling of single-molecular and plasmonic resonances rationalizes this chirality transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Sidney Aaron Goerlitzer
- Institute
of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander
University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mario Zapata-Herrera
- Materials
Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ekaterina Ponomareva
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf D-40225 Germany
| | - Déborah Feller
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf D-40225 Germany
| | - Aitzol Garcia-Etxarri
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque
Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf D-40225 Germany
| | - Javier Aizpurua
- Materials
Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute
of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander
University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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48
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Huang L, Jin R, Zhou C, Li G, Xu L, Overvig A, Deng F, Chen X, Lu W, Alù A, Miroshnichenko AE. Ultrahigh-Q guided mode resonances in an All-dielectric metasurface. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3433. [PMID: 37301939 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39227-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
High quality(Q) factor optical resonators are indispensable for many photonic devices. While very large Q-factors can be obtained theoretically in guided-mode settings, free-space implementations suffer from various limitations on the narrowest linewidth in real experiments. Here, we propose a simple strategy to enable ultrahigh-Q guided-mode resonances by introducing a patterned perturbation layer on top of a multilayer-waveguide system. We demonstrate that the associated Q-factors are inversely proportional to the perturbation squared while the resonant wavelength can be tuned through material or structural parameters. We experimentally demonstrate such high-Q resonances at telecom wavelengths by patterning a low-index layer on top of a 220 nm silicon on insulator substrate. The measurements show Q-factors up to 2.39 × 105, comparable to the largest Q-factor obtained by topological engineering, while the resonant wavelength is tuned by varying the lattice constant of the top perturbation layer. Our results hold great promise for exciting applications like sensors and filters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujun Huang
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, Northcott Drive, ACT, 2600, Australia.
| | - Rong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai, 200083, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 SubLane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, 99 Xiupu Road, Shanghai, 201315, China
| | - Chaobiao Zhou
- School of Physics and Mechatronic Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Guanhai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai, 200083, China.
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 SubLane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, 99 Xiupu Road, Shanghai, 201315, China.
| | - Lei Xu
- Advanced Optics and Photonics Laboratory, Department of Engineering, School of Science Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Adam Overvig
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Fu Deng
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, Northcott Drive, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Xiaoshuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai, 200083, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 SubLane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, 99 Xiupu Road, Shanghai, 201315, China
| | - Wei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai, 200083, China
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.1 SubLane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Quantum Sciences, 99 Xiupu Road, Shanghai, 201315, China
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10031, USA.
- Physics Program, Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Andrey E Miroshnichenko
- School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of New South Wales, Canberra, Northcott Drive, ACT, 2600, Australia.
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49
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Capitaine A, Bochet-Modaresialam M, Poungsripong P, Badie C, Heresanu V, Margeat O, Santinacci L, Grosso D, Garnett E, Sciacca B. Nanoparticle Imprint Lithography: From Nanoscale Metrology to Printable Metallic Grids. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9361-9373. [PMID: 37171993 PMCID: PMC10211370 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Large scale and low-cost nanopatterning of materials is of tremendous interest for optoelectronic devices. Nanoimprint lithography has emerged in recent years as a nanofabrication strategy that is high-throughput and has a resolution comparable to that of electron-beam lithography (EBL). It is enabled by pattern replication of an EBL master into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), that is then used to pattern a resist for further processing, or a sol-gel that could be calcinated into a solid material. Although the sol-gel chemistry offers a wide spectrum of material compositions, metals are still difficult to achieve. This gap could be bridged by using colloidal nanoparticles as resist, but deep understanding of the key parameters is still lacking. Here, we use supported metallic nanocubes as a model resist to gain fundamental insights into nanoparticle imprinting. We uncover the major role played by the surfactant layer trapped between nanocubes and substrate, and measure its thickness with subnanometer resolution by using gap plasmon spectroscopy as a metrology platform. This enables us to quantify the van der Waals (VDW) interactions responsible for the friction opposing the nanocube motion, and we find that these are almost in quantitative agreement with the Stokes drag acting on the nanocubes during nanoimprint, that is estimated with a simplified fluid mechanics model. These results reveal that a minimum thickness of surfactant is required, acting as a spacer layer mitigating van der Waals forces between nanocubes and the substrate. In the light of these findings we propose a general method for resist preparation to achieve optimal nanoparticle mobility and show the assembly of printable Ag and Au nanocube grids, that could enable the fabrication of low-cost transparent electrodes of high material quality upon nanocube epitaxy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Capitaine
- Aix-Marseille
Univ, CNRS, CINaM,
AMUtech, Marseille, 13288, France
| | | | | | - Clémence Badie
- Aix-Marseille
Univ, CNRS, CINaM,
AMUtech, Marseille, 13288, France
| | - Vasile Heresanu
- Aix-Marseille
Univ, CNRS, CINaM,
AMUtech, Marseille, 13288, France
| | - Olivier Margeat
- Aix-Marseille
Univ, CNRS, CINaM,
AMUtech, Marseille, 13288, France
| | | | - David Grosso
- Aix-Marseille
Univ, CNRS, CINaM,
AMUtech, Marseille, 13288, France
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50
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Pasdari-Kia M, Masihi A, Mohammadi M, Ahmadi H, Memarian M. Variational-based approach to investigate Fano resonant plasmonic metasurfaces. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:16645-16658. [PMID: 37157740 DOI: 10.1364/oe.487142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Considering the widespread applications of resonant phenomena in metasurfaces to bend, slow, concentrate, guide and manipulate lights, it is important to gain deep analytical insight into different types of resonances. Fano resonance and its special case electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) which are realized in coupled resonators, have been the subject of many studies due to their high-quality factor and strong field confinement. In this paper, an efficient approach based on Floquet modal expansion is presented to accurately predict the electromagnetic response of two-dimensional/one-dimensional Fano resonant plasmonic metasurfaces. Unlike the previously reported methods, this method is valid over a wide frequency range for different types of coupled resonators and can be applied to practical structures where the array is placed on one or more dielectric layers. Given that the formulation is written in a comprehensive and flexible way, both metal-based and graphene-based plasmonic metasurfaces under normal/oblique incident waves are investigated, and it is demonstrated that this method can be posed as an accurate tool for the design of diverse practical tunable/untunable metasurfaces.
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