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Gu J, Jin J, Ren X, Zhang X, Li J, Wang X, Zhang S, Yin X, Zhang Q, Wang Z. Single-Cell Landscape and a Macrophage Subset Enhancing Brown Adipocyte Function in Diabetes. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:885-900. [PMID: 38853519 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2023.0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Metabolic dysregulation is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in which the abnormalities in brown adipose tissue (BAT) play important roles. However, the cellular composition and function of BAT as well as its pathological significance in diabetes remain incompletely understood. Our objective is to delineate the single-cell landscape of BAT-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and their characteristic alterations in T2DM rats. METHODS T2DM was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of low-dose streptozotocin and high-fat diet feeding. Single-cell mRNA sequencing was then performed on BAT samples and compared to normal rats to characterize changes in T2DM rats. Subsequently, the importance of key cell subsets in T2DM was elucidated using various functional studies. RESULTS Almost all cell types in the BAT-derived SVF of T2DM rats exhibited enhanced inflammatory responses, increased angiogenesis, and disordered glucose and lipid metabolism. The multidirectional differentiation potential of adipose tissue-derived stem cells was also reduced. Moreover, macrophages played a pivotal role in intercellular crosstalk of BAT-derived SVF. A novel Rarres2+macrophage subset promoted the differentiation and metabolic function of brown adipocytes via adipose-immune crosstalk. CONCLUSION BAT SVF exhibited strong heterogeneity in cellular composition and function and contributed to T2DM as a significant inflammation source, in which a novel macrophage subset was identified that can promote brown adipocyte function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfei Gu
- Department of Endocrinology & Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jiajia Jin
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ren
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinjie Zhang
- Department of Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology & Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shucui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xianlun Yin
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qunye Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Endocrinology & Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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2
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Chae HD, Levi J. Enrichment of novel CD3+F4/80+ cells in brown adipose tissue following adrenergic stimulation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1455407. [PMID: 39257579 PMCID: PMC11384597 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1455407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a multifaceted role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, fighting infections, and regulating cold-induced thermogenesis. The brown adipose tissue (BAT) is crucial for maintaining body temperature during cold exposure. Cold stress triggers the sympathetic nervous system to release norepinephrine (NE), which activates BAT via β3-adrenergic receptors, initiating lipolysis and glycolysis. BAT-infiltrating macrophages can either hinder or enhance thermogenesis by controlling the interplay between BAT cells and sympathetic nerves. In this study we report on a unique population of CD3+F4/80+ dual lineage co-expressing (DE) cells within the interscapular BAT (iBAT), that increased following chronic adrenergic stimulation. In forward scatter/side scatter plots, they formed a cluster distinct from lymphocytes, appearing larger and more complex. These CD3+F4/80+ DE cells demonstrated the lack of T cell markers CD62L and TCRβ and expressed higher levels of Ly6C, F4/80, and CD11b markers compared to T cells and CD3- macrophages. Furthermore, analysis revealed two subpopulations within the CD3+F4/80+ DE population based on MHCII expression, with the proportion of MHCII-low subset increasing with adrenergic stimulation. This novel DE population within iBAT, unequivocally identified by the its unique surface marker profile, warrants further investigation into the intricate mechanisms governing adaptive thermogenesis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Don Chae
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jelena Levi
- CellSight Technologies Incorporated, San Francisco, CA, United States
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3
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Sciarretta F, Ninni A, Zaccaria F, Chiurchiù V, Bertola A, Karlinsey K, Jia W, Ceci V, Di Biagio C, Xu Z, Gaudioso F, Tortolici F, Tiberi M, Zhang J, Carotti S, Boudina S, Grumati P, Zhou B, Brestoff JR, Ivanov S, Aquilano K, Lettieri-Barbato D. Lipid-associated macrophages reshape BAT cell identity in obesity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114447. [PMID: 38963761 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes cause a loss in brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity, but the molecular mechanisms that drive BAT cell remodeling remain largely unexplored. Using a multilayered approach, we comprehensively mapped a reorganization in BAT cells. We uncovered a subset of macrophages as lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs), which were massively increased in genetic and dietary model of BAT expansion. LAMs participate in this scenario by capturing extracellular vesicles carrying damaged lipids and mitochondria released from metabolically stressed brown adipocytes. CD36 scavenger receptor drove LAM phenotype, and CD36-deficient LAMs were able to increase brown fat genes in adipocytes. LAMs released transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), which promoted the loss of brown adipocyte identity through aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1 (Aldh1a1) induction. These findings unfold cell dynamic changes in BAT during obesity and identify LAMs as key responders to tissue metabolic stress and drivers of loss of brown adipocyte identity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Ninni
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Zaccaria
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Chiurchiù
- Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Keaton Karlinsey
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Wentong Jia
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Veronica Ceci
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ziyan Xu
- NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Francesco Gaudioso
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Tortolici
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Tiberi
- Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Jiabi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Simone Carotti
- Integrated Research Center (PRAAB), Campus Biomedico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sihem Boudina
- Department of Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Molecular Medicine Program (U2M2), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Paolo Grumati
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy; Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Beiyan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA; Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Jonathan R Brestoff
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Lettieri-Barbato
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy.
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4
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Pisani DF, Lettieri-Barbato D, Ivanov S. Polyamine metabolism in macrophage-adipose tissue function and homeostasis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00126-7. [PMID: 38897879 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular metabolism is a crucial regulator of macrophage function. Recent evidence revealed that the polyamine pathway and subsequent hypusination of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) are master regulators of immune cell functions. In brown adipose tissue (BAT), macrophages show an impressive degree of heterogenicity, with specific subsets supporting adaptive thermogenesis during cold exposure. In this review, we discuss the impact of polyamine metabolism on macrophage diversity and function, with a particular focus on their role in adipose tissue homeostasis. Thus, we highlight the exploration of how polyamine metabolism in macrophages contributes to BAT homeostasis as an attractive and exciting new field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniele Lettieri-Barbato
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy.
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5
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Ye Y, Wang H, Chen W, Chen Z, Wu D, Zhang F, Hu F. Dynamic changes of immunocyte subpopulations in thermogenic activation of adipose tissues. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1375138. [PMID: 38812501 PMCID: PMC11133676 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1375138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The effects of cold exposure on whole-body metabolism in humans have gained increasing attention. Brown or beige adipose tissues are crucial in cold-induced thermogenesis to dissipate energy and thus have the potential to combat metabolic disorders. Despite the immune regulation of thermogenic adipose tissues, the overall changes in vital immune cells during distinct cold periods remain elusive. This study aimed to discuss the overall changes in immune cells under different cold exposure periods and to screen several potential immune cell subpopulations on thermogenic regulation. Methods Cibersort and mMCP-counter algorithms were employed to analyze immune infiltration in two (brown and beige) thermogenic adipose tissues under distinct cold periods. Changes in some crucial immune cell populations were validated by reanalyzing the single-cell sequencing dataset (GSE207706). Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and quantitative real-time PCR assays were performed to detect the proportion or expression changes in mouse immune cells of thermogenic adipose tissues under cold challenge. Results The proportion of monocytes, naïve, and memory T cells increased, while the proportion of NK cells decreased under cold exposure in brown adipose tissues. Conclusion Our study revealed dynamic changes in immune cell profiles in thermogenic adipose tissues and identified several novel immune cell subpopulations, which may contribute to thermogenic activation of adipose tissues under cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fang Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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6
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You W, Xu Z, Chen W, Yang X, Liu S, Wang L, Tu Y, Zhou Y, Valencak TG, Wang Y, Kuang S, Shan T. Cellular and Transcriptional Dynamics during Brown Adipose Tissue Regeneration under Acute Injury. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0268. [PMID: 38434240 PMCID: PMC10907023 DOI: 10.34133/research.0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is the major site of non-shivering thermogenesis and crucial for systemic metabolism. Under chronic cold exposures and high-fat diet challenges, BAT undergoes robust remodeling to adapt to physiological demands. However, whether and how BAT regenerates after acute injuries are poorly understood. Here, we established a novel BAT injury and regeneration model (BAT-IR) in mice and performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA-seq to determine cellular and transcriptomic dynamics during BAT-IR. We further defined distinct fibro-adipogenic and myeloid progenitor populations contributing to BAT regeneration. Cell trajectory and gene expression analyses uncovered the involvement of MAPK, Wnt, and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathways in BAT regeneration. We confirmed the role of Hh signaling in BAT development through Myf5Cre-mediated conditional knockout (cKO) of the Sufu gene to activate Hh signaling in BAT and muscle progenitors. Our BAT-IR model therefore provides a paradigm to identify conserved cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying BAT development and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing You
- College of Animal Sciences,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziye Xu
- College of Animal Sciences,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- College of Animal Sciences,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Animal Sciences,
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Shiqi Liu
- College of Animal Sciences,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuang Tu
- College of Animal Sciences,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanbing Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- Department of Animal Sciences,
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences,
Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
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7
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Patterson MT, Burrack AL, Xu Y, Hickok GH, Schmiechen ZC, Becker S, Cruz-Hinojoza E, Schrank PR, Kennedy AE, Firulyova MM, Miller EA, Zaitsev K, Williams JW, Stromnes IM. Tumor-specific CD4 T cells instruct monocyte fate in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112732. [PMID: 37402168 PMCID: PMC10448358 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) orchestrates a suppressive tumor microenvironment that fosters immunotherapy resistance. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the principal immune cell infiltrating PDA and are heterogeneous. Here, by employing macrophage fate-mapping approaches and single-cell RNA sequencing, we show that monocytes give rise to most macrophage subsets in PDA. Tumor-specific CD4, but not CD8, T cells promote monocyte differentiation into MHCIIhi anti-tumor macrophages. By conditional major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II deletion on monocyte-derived macrophages, we show that tumor antigen presentation is required for instructing monocyte differentiation into anti-tumor macrophages, promoting Th1 cells, abrogating Treg cells, and mitigating CD8 T cell exhaustion. Non-redundant IFNγ and CD40 promote MHCIIhi anti-tumor macrophages. Intratumoral monocytes adopt a pro-tumor fate indistinguishable from that of tissue-resident macrophages following loss of macrophage MHC class II or tumor-specific CD4 T cells. Thus, tumor antigen presentation by macrophages to CD4 T cells dictates TAM fate and is a major determinant of macrophage heterogeneity in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Patterson
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Adam L Burrack
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Yingzheng Xu
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Grant H Hickok
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Zoe C Schmiechen
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Samuel Becker
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Eduardo Cruz-Hinojoza
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Patricia R Schrank
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Ainsley E Kennedy
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Maria M Firulyova
- Computer Technologies Laboratory, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia; National Medical Research Center, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ebony A Miller
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA
| | - Konstantin Zaitsev
- Computer Technologies Laboratory, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jesse W Williams
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
| | - Ingunn M Stromnes
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Masonic Cancer Center and University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA; Center for Genome Engineering, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA.
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8
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Lin W, Song H, Shen J, Wang J, Yang Y, Yang Y, Cao J, Xue L, Zhao F, Xiao T, Lin R. Functional role of skeletal muscle-derived interleukin-6 and its effects on lipid metabolism. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1110926. [PMID: 37555019 PMCID: PMC10405179 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1110926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The detrimental impact of obesity on human health is increasingly evident with the rise in obesity-related diseases. Skeletal muscle, the crucial organ responsible for energy balance metabolism, plays a significant role as a secretory organ by releasing various myokines. Among these myokines, interleukin 6 (IL-6) is closely associated with skeletal muscle contraction. IL-6 triggers the process of lipolysis by mobilizing energy-storing adipose tissue, thereby providing energy for physical exercise. This phenomenon also elucidates the health benefits of regular exercise. However, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue maintain a constant interaction, both directly and indirectly. Direct interaction occurs through the accumulation of excess fat within skeletal muscle, known as ectopic fat deposition. Indirect interaction takes place when adipose tissue is mobilized to supply the energy for skeletal muscle during exercise. Consequently, maintaining a functional balance between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue becomes paramount in regulating energy metabolism and promoting overall health. IL-6, as a representative cytokine, participates in various inflammatory responses, including non-classical inflammatory responses such as adipogenesis. Skeletal muscle influences adipogenesis through paracrine mechanisms, primarily by secreting IL-6. In this research paper, we aim to review the role of skeletal muscle-derived IL-6 in lipid metabolism and other physiological activities, such as insulin resistance and glucose tolerance. By doing so, we provide valuable insights into the regulatory function of skeletal muscle-derived myokines in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Lin
- *Correspondence: Weimin Lin, ; Ruiyi Lin,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ruiyi Lin
- College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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9
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Aquilano K, Zhou B, Brestoff JR, Lettieri-Barbato D. Multifaceted mitochondrial quality control in brown adipose tissue. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:517-529. [PMID: 36272883 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) controls mammalian core body temperature by non-shivering thermogenesis. BAT is extraordinarily rich in mitochondria, which have the peculiarity of generating heat by uncoupled respiration. Since the mitochondrial activity of BAT is subject to cycles of activation and deactivation in response to environmental temperature changes, an integrated mitochondrial quality control (MQC) system is of fundamental importance to ensure BAT physiology. Here, we provide an overview of the conventional and alternative mechanisms through which thermogenic adipocytes selectively remove damaged parts of mitochondria and how macrophages participate in the MQC system by removing extracellular mitochondrial waste to maintain the thermogenic function of BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Beiyan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Jonathan R Brestoff
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Daniele Lettieri-Barbato
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy.
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10
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Abstract
The circadian clock plays an essential role in coordinating feeding and metabolic rhythms with the light/dark cycle. Disruption of clocks is associated with increased adiposity and metabolic disorders, whereas aligning feeding time with cell-autonomous rhythms in metabolism improves health. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of recent literature in adipose tissue biology as well as our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the circadian regulation of transcription, metabolism, and inflammation in adipose tissue. We highlight recent efforts to uncover the mechanistic links between clocks and adipocyte metabolism, as well as its application to dietary and behavioral interventions to improve health and mitigate obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Hepler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Joseph Bass
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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11
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Wei D, Tian X, Zhai X, Sun C. Adipose Tissue Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation in Obesity: A Link to Posttranslational Modification. Immunol Invest 2023:1-25. [PMID: 37129471 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2205883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue macrophages (ATM) are an essential type of immune cells in adipose tissue. Obesity induces the inflammation of adipose tissues, as expressed by ATM accumulation, that is more likely to become a source of systemic metabolic diseases, including insulin resistance. The process is characterized by the transcriptional regulation of inflammatory pathways by virtue of signaling molecules such as cytokines and free fatty acids. Notably, posttranslational modification (PTM) is a key link for these signaling molecules to trigger the proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory phenotype of ATMs. This review focuses on summarizing the functions and molecular mechanisms of ATMs regulating inflammation in obese adipose tissue. Furthermore, the role of PTM is elaborated, hoping to identify new horizons of treatment and prevention for obesity-mediated metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqin Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiangyun Zhai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi, China
| | - Chao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shanxi, China
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12
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Maniyadath B, Zhang Q, Gupta RK, Mandrup S. Adipose tissue at single-cell resolution. Cell Metab 2023; 35:386-413. [PMID: 36889280 PMCID: PMC10027403 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue exhibits remarkable plasticity with capacity to change in size and cellular composition under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. The emergence of single-cell transcriptomics has rapidly transformed our understanding of the diverse array of cell types and cell states residing in adipose tissues and has provided insight into how transcriptional changes in individual cell types contribute to tissue plasticity. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of the cellular atlas of adipose tissues focusing on the biological insight gained from single-cell and single-nuclei transcriptomics of murine and human adipose tissues. We also offer our perspective on the exciting opportunities for mapping cellular transitions and crosstalk, which have been made possible by single-cell technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babukrishna Maniyadath
- Center for Functional Genomics and Tissue Plasticity, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Qianbin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Susanne Mandrup
- Center for Functional Genomics and Tissue Plasticity, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark.
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13
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Matz AJ, Qu L, Karlinsey K, Vella AT, Zhou B. Capturing the multifaceted function of adipose tissue macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1148188. [PMID: 36875144 PMCID: PMC9977801 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1148188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) bolster obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction and represent a targetable population to lessen obesity-associated health risks. However, ATMs also facilitate adipose tissue function through multiple actions, including adipocyte clearance, lipid scavenging and metabolism, extracellular remodeling, and supporting angiogenesis and adipogenesis. Thus, high-resolution methods are needed to capture macrophages' dynamic and multifaceted functions in adipose tissue. Herein, we review current knowledge on regulatory networks critical to macrophage plasticity and their multifaceted response in the complex adipose tissue microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa J. Matz
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Lili Qu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Keaton Karlinsey
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Anthony T. Vella
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Beiyan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States
- Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, United States
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14
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Migliari S, Scarlattei M, Baldari G, Ruffini L. Scale down and optimized automated production of [68Ga]68Ga-DOTA-ECL1i PET tracer targeting CCR2 expression. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2023; 8:3. [PMID: 36729317 PMCID: PMC9895323 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-023-00188-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently it has been identified a short peptide that showed allosteric antagonism against C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) expressed on inflammatory monocyte and macrophages. A 7-D-amino acid peptidic CCR2 inhibitor called extracellular loop 1 inverso (ECL1i), d(LGTFLKC) has been identified and labeled to obtain a new probe for positron emission tomography in pulmonary fibrosis, heart injury, abdominal aortic aneurysm inflammation, atherosclerosis, head and neck cancer. Our goal was to develop, optimize and validate an automated synthesis method for [68Ga]68Ga-DOTA-ECL1i to make it available for a broader community. The synthesis of [68Ga]68Ga-DOTA-ECL1i was done using the Scintomics GRP® module with the already estabilished synthesis template for [68Ga]68Ga-DOTATOC/[68Ga]68Ga-PSMA. The radiopharmaceutical production was optimized scaling down the amount of DOTA-ECL1i (from 50 to 10 μg), evaluating synthesis efficiency and relevant quality control parameters in accordance with the European Pharmacopeia. RESULTS Best results were yielded with 20 μg DOTA-ECL1i and then the process validation was carried out by producing three different batches on three different days obtaining an optimal radiochemical yield (66.69%) as well as radiochemical purity (100%) and molar activity (45.41 GBq/µmol). CONCLUSIONS [68Ga]68Ga-DOTA-ECL1i was successfully synthesized and it is, thus, available for multi-dose application in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Migliari
- grid.411482.aNuclear Medicine Division, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Maura Scarlattei
- grid.411482.aNuclear Medicine Division, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Giorgio Baldari
- grid.411482.aNuclear Medicine Division, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Livia Ruffini
- grid.411482.aNuclear Medicine Division, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
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15
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Li F, Niu Y, Zhao W, Yan C, Qi Y. Construction and validation of a prognostic model for lung adenocarcinoma based on endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19857. [PMID: 36400857 PMCID: PMC9674626 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23852-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most universal types of cancer all over the world and its morbidity continues to rise year by year. Growing evidence has demonstrated that endoplasmic reticulum stress is highly activated in cancer cells and plays a key role in regulating the fate of cancer cells. However, the role and mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress in lung adenocarcinoma genesis and development remains unclear. In this research, we developed a prognostic model to predict the overall survival of patients with LUAD utilizing endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes and screened out potential small molecular compounds, which could assist the clinician in making accurate decisions and better treat LUAD patients. Firstly, we downloaded 419 endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes (ERSRGs) from Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). Secondly, we obtained information about the transcriptome profiling and corresponding clinical data of 59 normal samples and 535 lung adenocarcinoma samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Next, we used the DESeq2 package to identify differentially expressed genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress. We performed univariate Cox, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and multivariate Cox regression analysis to establish a prognostic model for LUAD patients based on ERSRGs. Then, we carried out univariate and multivariate independent prognostic analysis of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related gene (ERSRG) score and some clinical traits of lung adenocarcinoma. Additionally, we developed a clinically applicable nomogram for predicting survival for LUAD patients over one, three, and five years. Moreover, we carried out a drug sensitivity analysis to identify novel small molecule compounds for LUAD treatment. Finally, we examined the tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune cell infiltrating analysis to explore the interactions between immune and cancer cells. 142 differentially expressed ERSRGs were identified by using the DESeq2 package. A prognostic model was built based on 7 differentially expressed ERSRGs after performing univariate Cox regression, LASSO regression, and multivariate Cox regression analysis. According to the results of univariate and multivariate independent prognostic analysis, we found ERSRG score can be used as an independent prognostic maker. Using the Kaplan-Meier curves, we found low-risk patients had higher survival probability than high-risk patients in both training set and test set. A nomogram was drawn to predict 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival probability. The calibration curves explained good performance of the model for the prediction of survival. Phenformin, OSU-03012, GSK-650394 and KIN001-135 were identified as the drugs most likely to provide important information to clinicians about the treatment of LUAD patients. A prognostic prediction model was established based on 7 differentially expressed ERSRGs (PDX1, IGFBP1, DDIT4, PPP1R3G, CFTR, DERL3 and NUPR1), which could effectively predict the prognosis of LUAD patients and give a reference for clinical doctors to help LUAD patients to make better treatment tactics. Based on the 4 small molecule compounds (Phenformin, OSU-03012, GSK-650394 and KIN001-135) we discovered, targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes may also be a therapeutic approach for LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- grid.495434.b0000 0004 1797 4346School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Nano-Carbon Modified Film Technology of Henan Province, Diagnostic Laboratory of Animal Diseases, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yandie Niu
- grid.495434.b0000 0004 1797 4346School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Nano-Carbon Modified Film Technology of Henan Province, Diagnostic Laboratory of Animal Diseases, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- grid.495434.b0000 0004 1797 4346School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Nano-Carbon Modified Film Technology of Henan Province, Diagnostic Laboratory of Animal Diseases, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Cheng Yan
- grid.495434.b0000 0004 1797 4346School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Nano-Carbon Modified Film Technology of Henan Province, Diagnostic Laboratory of Animal Diseases, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yonghua Qi
- grid.495434.b0000 0004 1797 4346School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Nano-Carbon Modified Film Technology of Henan Province, Diagnostic Laboratory of Animal Diseases, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, China
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16
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Bertola A, Gallerand A, Ivanov S. Immune cell involvement in brown adipose tissue functions. DISCOVERY IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 1:kyac007. [PMID: 38566905 PMCID: PMC10917225 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) contains many immune cells. The presence of macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, T cells, B cells, and mast cells was documented in BAT. However, in comparison to white adipose tissue, relatively little is known on the impact of immune cells on BAT function. By directly interacting with BAT stromal cells, or by secreting pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators, immune cells modulate BAT activation and subsequently influence on adaptative thermogenesis and heat generation. In the current manuscript, we will focus on the diversity and functions of BAT immune cells.
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17
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Qi Y, Hui XH. The Single-Cell Revelation of Thermogenic Adipose Tissue. Mol Cells 2022; 45:673-684. [PMID: 36254709 PMCID: PMC9589375 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The past two decades have witnessed an upsurge in the appreciation of adipose tissue (AT) as an immuno-metabolic hub harbouring heterogeneous cell populations that collectively fine-tune systemic metabolic homeostasis. Technological advancements, especially single-cell transcriptomics, have offered an unprecedented opportunity for dissecting the sophisticated cellular networks and compositional dynamics underpinning AT remodelling. The "re-discovery" of functional brown adipose tissue dissipating heat energy in human adults has aroused tremendous interest in exploiting the mechanisms underpinning the engagement of AT thermogenesis for combating human obesity. In this review, we aim to summarise and evaluate the use of single-cell transcriptomics that contribute to a better appreciation of the cellular plasticity and intercellular crosstalk in thermogenic AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hannah Hui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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18
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Ma Y, Jun H, Wu J. Immune cell cholinergic signaling in adipose thermoregulation and immunometabolism. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:718-727. [PMID: 35931611 PMCID: PMC9727785 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Research focusing on adipose immunometabolism has been expanded from inflammation in white fat during obesity development to immune cell function regulating thermogenic fat, energy expenditure, and systemic metabolism. This opinion discusses our current understanding of how resident immune cells within the thermogenic fat niche may regulate whole-body energy homeostasis. Furthermore, various types of immune cells can synthesize acetylcholine (ACh) and regulate important physiological functions. We highlight a unique subset of cholinergic macrophages within subcutaneous adipose tissue, termed cholinergic adipose macrophages (ChAMs); these macrophages interact with beige adipocytes through cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 2 subunit (CHRNA2) signaling to induce adaptive thermogenesis. We posit that these newly identified thermoregulatory macrophages may broaden our view of immune system functions for maintaining metabolic homeostasis and potentially treating obesity and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxu Ma
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Heejin Jun
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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19
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Chakarov S, Blériot C, Ginhoux F. Role of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity-related disorders. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213212. [PMID: 35543703 PMCID: PMC9098652 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic has led researchers and clinicians to reconsider the etiology of this disease and precisely decipher its molecular mechanisms. The excessive accumulation of fat by cells, most notably adipocytes, which play a key role in this process, has many repercussions in tissue physiology. Herein, we focus on how macrophages, immune cells well known for their tissue gatekeeping functions, assume fundamental, yet ill-defined, roles in the genesis and development of obesity-related metabolic disorders. We first discuss the determinants of the biology of these cells before introducing the specifics of the adipose tissue environment, while highlighting its heterogeneity. Finally, we detail how obesity transforms both adipose tissue and local macrophage populations. Understanding macrophage diversity and their cross talk with the diverse cell types constituting the adipose tissue environment will allow us to frame the therapeutic potential of adipose tissue macrophages in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetoslav Chakarov
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Camille Blériot
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Batiment de Médecine Moléculaire, Villejuif, France
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institut Gustave Roussy, Batiment de Médecine Moléculaire, Villejuif, France.,Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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20
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Rosina M, Ceci V, Turchi R, Chuan L, Borcherding N, Sciarretta F, Sánchez-Díaz M, Tortolici F, Karlinsey K, Chiurchiù V, Fuoco C, Giwa R, Field RL, Audano M, Arena S, Palma A, Riccio F, Shamsi F, Renzone G, Verri M, Crescenzi A, Rizza S, Faienza F, Filomeni G, Kooijman S, Rufini S, de Vries AAF, Scaloni A, Mitro N, Tseng YH, Hidalgo A, Zhou B, Brestoff JR, Aquilano K, Lettieri-Barbato D. Ejection of damaged mitochondria and their removal by macrophages ensure efficient thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. Cell Metab 2022; 34:533-548.e12. [PMID: 35305295 PMCID: PMC9039922 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings have demonstrated that mitochondria can be transferred between cells to control metabolic homeostasis. Although the mitochondria of brown adipocytes comprise a large component of the cell volume and undergo reorganization to sustain thermogenesis, it remains unclear whether an intercellular mitochondrial transfer occurs in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and regulates adaptive thermogenesis. Herein, we demonstrated that thermogenically stressed brown adipocytes release extracellular vesicles (EVs) that contain oxidatively damaged mitochondrial parts to avoid failure of the thermogenic program. When re-uptaken by parental brown adipocytes, mitochondria-derived EVs reduced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ signaling and the levels of mitochondrial proteins, including UCP1. Their removal via the phagocytic activity of BAT-resident macrophages is instrumental in preserving BAT physiology. Depletion of macrophages in vivo causes the abnormal accumulation of extracellular mitochondrial vesicles in BAT, impairing the thermogenic response to cold exposure. These findings reveal a homeostatic role of tissue-resident macrophages in the mitochondrial quality control of BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rosina
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; Neurology Unit, Fondazione PTV Policlinico Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Ceci
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Turchi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Li Chuan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Nicholas Borcherding
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - María Sánchez-Díaz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Flavia Tortolici
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Keaton Karlinsey
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Valerio Chiurchiù
- IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy; Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Laboratory of Resolution of Neuroinflammation, National Research Council, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Fuoco
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Rocky Giwa
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rachael L Field
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Matteo Audano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Arena
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM-National Research Council, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palma
- Department of Onco-Hematology, Gene and Cell Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Riccio
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Farnaz Shamsi
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Giovanni Renzone
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM-National Research Council, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Verri
- Pathology Unit, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Crescenzi
- Pathology Unit, University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Rizza
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Sander Kooijman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Stefano Rufini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Antoine A F de Vries
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics, Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM-National Research Council, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Yu-Hua Tseng
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Beiyan Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Jonathan R Brestoff
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Daniele Lettieri-Barbato
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; IRCCS, Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy.
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21
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Lee SE, Rudd BD, Smith NL. Fate-mapping mice: new tools and technology for immune discovery. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:195-209. [PMID: 35094945 PMCID: PMC8882138 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The fate-mapping mouse has become an essential tool in the immunologist's toolbox. Although traditionally used by developmental biologists to trace the origins of cells, immunologists are turning to fate-mapping to better understand the development and function of immune cells. Thus, an expansion in the variety of fate-mapping mouse models has occurred to answer fundamental questions about the immune system. These models are also being combined with new genetic tools to study cancer, infection, and autoimmunity. In this review, we summarize different types of fate-mapping mice and describe emerging technologies that might allow immunologists to leverage this valuable tool and expand our functional knowledge of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scarlett E Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Brian D Rudd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Norah L Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
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22
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Agueda-Oyarzabal M, Emanuelli B. Immune Cells in Thermogenic Adipose Depots: The Essential but Complex Relationship. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:839360. [PMID: 35360060 PMCID: PMC8963988 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.839360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a unique organ in mammals capable of dissipating energy in form of heat. Additionally, white adipose tissue (WAT) can undergo browning and perform thermogenesis. In recent years, the research community has aimed to harness thermogenic depot functions for new therapeutic strategies against obesity and the metabolic syndrome; hence a comprehensive understanding of the thermogenic fat microenvironment is essential. Akin to WAT, immune cells also infiltrate and reside within the thermogenic adipose tissues and perform vital functions. As highly plastic organs, adipose depots rely on crucial interplay with these tissue resident cells to conserve their healthy state. Evidence has accumulated to show that different immune cell populations contribute to thermogenic adipose tissue homeostasis and activation through complex communicative networks. Furthermore, new studies have identified -but still not fully characterized further- numerous immune cell populations present in these depots. Here, we review the current knowledge of this emerging field by describing the immune cells that sway the thermogenic adipose depots, and the complex array of communications that influence tissue performance.
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23
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Smolander J, Junttila S, Venäläinen MS, Elo LL. scShaper: an ensemble method for fast and accurate linear trajectory inference from single-cell RNA-seq data. Bioinformatics 2021; 38:1328-1335. [PMID: 34888622 PMCID: PMC8825760 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Computational models are needed to infer a representation of the cells, i.e. a trajectory, from single-cell RNA-sequencing data that model cell differentiation during a dynamic process. Although many trajectory inference methods exist, their performance varies greatly depending on the dataset and hence there is a need to establish more accurate, better generalizable methods. RESULTS We introduce scShaper, a new trajectory inference method that enables accurate linear trajectory inference. The ensemble approach of scShaper generates a continuous smooth pseudotime based on a set of discrete pseudotimes. We demonstrate that scShaper is able to infer accurate trajectories for a variety of trigonometric trajectories, including many for which the commonly used principal curves method fails. A comprehensive benchmarking with state-of-the-art methods revealed that scShaper achieved superior accuracy of the cell ordering and, in particular, the differentially expressed genes. Moreover, scShaper is a fast method with few hyperparameters, making it a promising alternative to the principal curves method for linear pseudotemporal ordering. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION scShaper is available as an R package at https://github.com/elolab/scshaper. The test data are available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5734488. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Smolander
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Sini Junttila
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko S Venäläinen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Laura L Elo
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, 20520 Turku, Finland,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland,To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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Greenhill C. Monocytes involved in BAT expansion. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2021; 17:706. [PMID: 34545231 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-021-00571-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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