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Huang Y, Yang C, Yuan W, Zhang Y, Pan Y, Yang F, Zhong Z, Zhao J, Wright OB, Ren J. Parity-Frequency-Space Elastic Spin Control of Wave Routing in Topological Phononic Circuits. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2404839. [PMID: 39083318 PMCID: PMC11423203 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Topological phononic cavities, such as ring resonators with topological whispering gallery modes (TWGMs), offer a flexible platform for the realization of robust phononic circuits. However, the chiral mechanism governing TWGMs and their selective routing in integrated phononic circuits remain unclear. This work reveals, both experimentally and theoretically, that at a phononic topological interface, the elastic spin texture is intricately linked to, and can be explained through a knowledge of, the phonon eigenmodes inside each unit cell. Furthermore, for paired, counterpropagating TWGMs based on such interfaces in a waveguide resonator, this study demonstrates that the elastic spin exhibits locking at discrete frequencies. Backed up by theory, experiments on kHz TWGMs in thin honeycomb-lattice aluminum plates bored with clover-leaf shaped holes show that together with this spin-texture related angular-momentum locking mechanism at a single topological interface, there are triplicate parity-frequency-space selective wave routing mechanisms. In the future, these mechanisms can be harnessed for the versatile manipulation of elastic-spin based routing in phononic topological insulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Huang
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 100 Zhangwu Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Chenwen Yang
- Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science, China-EU Joint Lab on Nanophononics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Weitao Yuan
- Applied Mechanics and Structure Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 100 Zhangwu Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yongdong Pan
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 100 Zhangwu Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 100 Zhangwu Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Zhong
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 100 Zhangwu Road, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Oliver B Wright
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0808, Japan
| | - Jie Ren
- Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science, China-EU Joint Lab on Nanophononics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
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Chen X, Wang C, Zhong Y, Zhang B, Chen H, Lin X. Dipolar Huygens-Kerker radiation for surface waves. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:4238-4241. [PMID: 39090903 DOI: 10.1364/ol.533118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Exotic dipolar radiation with zero light emission in one direction but maximal light emission in the opposite direction was envisioned by Huygens in 1690, and it could emerge in vacuum if the ratio between the source's electric and magnetic dipole moments fulfills the Kerker condition as revealed by Kerker in 1983. Due to its intricate connection with both the Huygens principle and Kerker condition, this radiation phenomenon is suggested to be termed as dipolar Huygens-Kerker radiation, and at this moment, the ratio is termed as the Huygens-Kerker ratio. However, the dipolar Huygens-Kerker radiation remains underexplored in non-vacuum matters, inside which the source locates, especially for surface waves. Here we find that the dipolar Huygens-Kerker radiation of surface waves in principle could occur in non-vacuum matters and is essentially featured with the same normalized radiation pattern, which is closely related to the inclination factor that appears in the Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction theory. Moreover, the corresponding Huygens-Kerker ratio is intrinsically determined by the phase velocity of excited surface waves. To be specific, the Huygens-Kerker ratio is proportional to the phase velocity for transverse-magnetic surface waves but becomes inversely proportional to the phase velocity for transverse-electric surface waves.
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Wei Q, Wu J, Jiang J, Guo Z, Sun Y, Li Y, Chen Y, Jiang H, Yang Y, Chen H. Chirality-dependent topological edge states in photonic metacrystal. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:4262-4265. [PMID: 39090909 DOI: 10.1364/ol.529699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Topological edge state, a unique mode for manipulating electromagnetic waves (EMs), has been extensively studied in both fundamental and applied physics. Up to now, the work on topological edge states has focused on manipulating linearly polarized waves. Here, we realize chirality-dependent topological edge states in one-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPCs) to manipulate circularly polarized waves. By introducing the magneto-electric coupling term (chirality), the degeneracy Dirac point (DP) is opened in PCs with symmetric unit cells. The topological properties of the upper and lower bands are different in the cases of left circularly polarized (LCP) and right circularly polarized (RCP) waves by calculating the Zak phase. Moreover, mapping explicitly 1D Maxwell's equations to the Dirac equation, we demonstrate that the introduction of chirality can lead to different topological properties of bandgaps for RCP and LCP waves. Based on this chirality-dependent topology, we can further realize chirality-dependent topological edge states in photonic heterostructures composed of two kinds of PCs. Finally, we propose a realistic structure for the chirality-dependent topological edge states by placing metallic helixes in host media. Our work provides a method for manipulating topological edge states for circularly polarized waves, which has a broad range of potential applications in designing optical devices including polarizers, filters, and sensors with robustness against disorder.
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Xie D, Chen L, Luo T, Kang W, Qu Y, Wang T. Phase distribution and circular dichroism switchable terahertz chiral metasurface. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:12104-12117. [PMID: 38571043 DOI: 10.1364/oe.519390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Chiral metasurfaces have many applications in the terahertz (THz) band, but they still lack modulation flexibility and functionality expansion. This paper presents a terahertz chiral metasurface with switchable phase distribution and switchable circular dichroism (CD). The metasurface unit consists of a metallic inner ring embedded in vanadium oxide and a vanadium oxide outer ring, state switching by thermal control of vanadium oxide and a change in the frequency of the incident wave. Based on the switchable phase distribution, we designed a focusing vortex beam generator with adjustable focal lengths through simulation. Based on the switching CD capability, we simulate its mode switching in near-field imaging using numerical simulation, and innovatively propose an optical encryption method. Utilizing the chiral property, we also designed dual-channel switchable holographic imaging in the same frequency band, which combined with the state change of VO2 can realize a total of 4 holograms switching. Our proposed metasurface is expected to provide new ideas for the study of optical encryption and wavefront modulation of dynamics.
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Jiang YC, Kariyado T, Hu X. Topological electronic states in holey graphyne. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:195201. [PMID: 38295413 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad2483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
We unveil that the holey graphyne (HGY), a two-dimensional carbon allotrope where benzene rings are connected by two -C≡C- bonds fabricated recently in a bottom-up way, exhibits topological electronic states. Using first-principles calculations and Wannier tight-binding modeling, we discover a higher-order topological invariant associated withC2symmetry of the material, and show that the resultant corner modes appear in nanoflakes matching to the structure of precursor reported previously, which are ready for direct experimental observations. In addition, we find that a band inversion between emergentg-like andh-like orbitals gives rise to a nontrivial topology characterized byZ2invariant protected by an energy gap as large as 0.52 eV, manifesting helical edge states mimicking those in the prominent quantum spin Hall effect, which can be accessed experimentally after hydrogenation in HGY. We hope these findings trigger interests towards exploring the topological electronic states in HGY and related future electronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Cheng Jiang
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
| | - Toshikaze Kariyado
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Xiao Hu
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8571, Japan
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Choi H, Kim S, Scherrer M, Moselund K, Lee CW. Phase of Topological Lattice with Leaky Guided Mode Resonance. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:3152. [PMID: 38133049 PMCID: PMC10745808 DOI: 10.3390/nano13243152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Topological nature in different areas of physics and electronics has often been characterized and controlled through topological invariants depending on the global properties of the material. The validity of bulk-edge correspondence and symmetry-related topological invariants has been extended to non-Hermitian systems. Correspondingly, the value of geometric phases, such as the Pancharatnam-Berry or Zak phases, under the adiabatic quantum deformation process in the presence of non-Hermitian conditions, are now of significant interest. Here, we explicitly calculate the Zak phases of one-dimensional topological nanobeams that sustain guided-mode resonances, which lead to energy leakage to a continuum state. The retrieved Zak phases show as zero for trivial and as π for nontrivial photonic crystals, respectively, which ensures bulk-edge correspondence is still valid for certain non-Hermitian conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Choi
- Institute of Advanced Optics and Photonics, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonyeong Kim
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Technologies, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland; (S.K.); (K.M.)
- Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Kirsten Moselund
- Laboratory of Nano and Quantum Technologies, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland; (S.K.); (K.M.)
- Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chang-Won Lee
- Institute of Advanced Optics and Photonics, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Applied Optics, School of Basic Sciences, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea
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Liu Z, Liu J, Qu S, Wang Z. Omnidirectional broadband phase modulation by total internal reflection. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:5743-5746. [PMID: 37910748 DOI: 10.1364/ol.505024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Phase modulation plays a crucial role in shaping optical fields and physical optics. However, traditional phase modulation techniques are highly dependent on angles and wavelengths, limiting their applicability in smart optical systems. Here, we propose a first-principle theory for achieving constant phase modulation independent of incident angle and wavelength. By utilizing a hyperbolic metamaterial and engineering-specific optical parameters, different reflective phase jumps are achieved and tailored for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) waves. The aimed reflection phase difference between TE and TM waves can be thus achieved omnidirectionally and achromatically. As an example, we propose a perfect omnidirectional broadband reflection quarter wave plate. This work provides fundamental insights into manipulating optical phases through optical parameter engineering.
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Huang Y, Tang G, Li ZY, Liang W. Mode conversion and separation in magneto-optical photonic crystal waveguide. OPTICS LETTERS 2023; 48:4536-4539. [PMID: 37656547 DOI: 10.1364/ol.500496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
We present mode conversion in different magneto-optical photonic crystal (MOPC) waveguides. An odd-mode waveguide (OMW) and an even-mode waveguide (EMW) are designed by adjusting the geometric parameters of the waveguide. These waveguides are constructed by adding a layer of yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) rods with opposing magnetic fields between an MOPC and an Al2O3 photonic crystal (PC). Due to the coupling effect caused by the middle layer of YIG rods, the OMW (or EMW) only supports an odd (or even) mode within a single-mode frequency range. Simulation results demonstrate that they can convert other modes into odd or even modes, and there is almost no power loss during the conversion. Most importantly, they are robust against backscattering from perfect electric conductors (PECs) and point defects. Based on these properties, we propose a device that can efficiently separate the odd and even modes into different ports. These results offer a novel approach to controlling the transmission modes of waveguides, which facilitates the interconnection of diverse topological magneto-optical waveguides.
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Sun C, Liu H, Qi P, Zhu L, Guo L, Lin L, Liu W. Anomalous transmission and Anderson localization for alternating propagated and evanescent waves at the deep-subwavelength scale. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:12907-12914. [PMID: 37435813 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01670f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Deep-subwavelength features have a minimal impact on wave transport in all dielectric systems; thus the homogenization approach was commonly adopted. Recently, the breakdown of effective medium theory (EMT) for the incident wave near the total reflection (TR) angle was demonstrated in a deep-subwavelength dielectric multilayer. Additionally, anomalous transmission was reported at angles exceeding the TR angle when introducing disorder and was attributed to Anderson localization. Here we firstly demonstrated that the alleged anomalous transmission also occurs in the disorder-free case, illustrating that attributing anomalous transmission to Anderson localization deserves a more in-depth study. To clarify the underlying physics of this asserted anomalous transmission, Anderson localization and broken EMT, the incident angle dependent reflectivity and modes for ordered and disordered deep-subwavelength multilayers were investigated systematically. Actually, the EMT is still convincing and the anomalous transmission is reasonable after a simple correction. However, the anomalous transmission is more accessible and the permittivity correction is more imperative in the disordered system due to the Anderson localization. These findings can be expanded to other wave systems such as acoustic waves and matter waves, providing insight into EMT and deepening our understanding of the intriguing transport phenomena in deep subwavelength systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlin Sun
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
| | - Haiyi Liu
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Pengfei Qi
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Liguo Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
| | - Lanjun Guo
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Lie Lin
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin 300350, China.
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