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Cafarella C, Mangraviti D, Rigano F, Dugo P, Mondello L. Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry: A survey through 15 years of applications. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400155. [PMID: 38772742 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) is a relatively recent MS technique explored in many application fields, demonstrating high versatility in the detection of a wide range of chemicals, from small molecules (phenols, amino acids, di- and tripeptides, organic acids, and sugars) to larger biomolecules, that is, phospholipids and triacylglycerols. Different sampling devices were used depending on the analyzed matrix (liquid or solid), resulting in distinct performances in terms of automation, reproducibility, and sensitivity. The absence of laborious and time-consuming sample preparation procedures and chromatographic separations was highlighted as a major advantage compared to chromatographic methods. REIMS was successfully used to achieve a comprehensive sample profiling according to a metabolomics untargeted analysis. Moreover, when a multitude of samples were available, the combination with chemometrics allowed rapid sample differentiation and the identification of discriminant features. The present review aims to provide a survey of literature reports based on the use of such analytical technology, highlighting its mode of operation in different application areas, ranging from clinical research, mostly focused on cancer diagnosis for the accurate identification of tumor margins, to the agri-food sector aiming at the safeguard of food quality and security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Cafarella
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Messina Institute of Technology, former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Domenica Mangraviti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Messina Institute of Technology, former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Rigano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Messina Institute of Technology, former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Messina Institute of Technology, former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Chromaleont s.r.l., former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Messina Institute of Technology, former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, Chromaleont s.r.l., former Veterinary School, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Bischof G, Witte F, Januschewski E, Schilling F, Terjung N, Heinz V, Juadjur A, Gibis M. Authentication of aged beef in terms of aging time and aging type by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Food Chem 2024; 435:137531. [PMID: 37774627 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Meat authenticity addresses parameters such as species, breed, sex, housing system and postmortem treatment. Seventy-four beef backs from two breeds ('Fleckvieh' and 'Schwarzbunt') and three cattle types (heifer, cow, young bull) were dry-aged and wet-aged up to 28 days and analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Statistical models based on partial least squares regression and discriminant analysis were performed to classify the beef samples by breed, cattle type, aging time, and aging type based on their 1H NMR spectra. The aging time of beef samples can be predicted with an error ± 2.28 days. The cattle type model has an accuracy of cross-validation of 99.2 %, the breed models of 100 % and the aging type model for 28-days aged samples of 99.6 %. These models allow the authentication of beef samples in terms of breed, cattle type, aging time, and aging type with a single 1H NMR measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Bischof
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-v.-Klitzing-Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany; Department of Food Material Science, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Franziska Witte
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-v.-Klitzing-Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Edwin Januschewski
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-v.-Klitzing-Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Frank Schilling
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-v.-Klitzing-Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Nino Terjung
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-v.-Klitzing-Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Volker Heinz
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-v.-Klitzing-Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Andreas Juadjur
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-v.-Klitzing-Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | - Monika Gibis
- Department of Food Material Science, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Yeo J, Kang J, Kim H, Moon C. A Critical Overview of HPLC-MS-Based Lipidomics in Determining Triacylglycerol and Phospholipid in Foods. Foods 2023; 12:3177. [PMID: 37685110 PMCID: PMC10486615 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
With the current advancement in mass spectrometry (MS)-based lipidomics, the knowledge of lipidomes and their diverse roles has greatly increased, enabling a deeper understanding of the action of bioactive lipid molecules in plant- and animal-based foods. This review provides in-depth information on the practical use of MS techniques in lipidomics, including lipid extraction, adduct formation, MS analysis, data processing, statistical analysis, and bioinformatics. Moreover, this contribution demonstrates the effectiveness of MS-based lipidomics for identifying and quantifying diverse lipid species, especially triacylglycerols and phospholipids, in foods. Further, it summarizes the wide applications of MS-based lipidomics in food science, such as for assessing food processing methods, detecting food adulteration, and measuring lipid oxidation in foods. Thus, MS-based lipidomics may be a useful method for identifying the action of individual lipid species in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- JuDong Yeo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (J.K.); (H.K.); (C.M.)
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Rankin‐Turner S, Sears P, Heaney LM. Applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in 2022: An annual review. ANALYTICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 4:133-153. [PMID: 38716065 PMCID: PMC10989672 DOI: 10.1002/ansa.202300004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The development of ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) has transformed analytical science, providing the means of performing rapid analysis of samples in their native state, both in and out of the laboratory. The capacity to eliminate sample preparation and pre-MS separation techniques, leading to true real-time analysis, has led to AIMS naturally gaining a broad interest across the scientific community. Since the introduction of the first AIMS techniques in the mid-2000s, the field has exploded with dozens of novel ion sources, an array of intriguing applications, and an evident growing interest across diverse areas of study. As the field continues to surge forward each year, ambient ionization techniques are increasingly becoming commonplace in laboratories around the world. This annual review provides an overview of AIMS techniques and applications throughout 2022, with a specific focus on some of the major fields of research, including forensic science, disease diagnostics, pharmaceuticals and food sciences. New techniques and methods are introduced, demonstrating the unwavering drive of the analytical community to further advance this exciting field and push the boundaries of what analytical chemistry can achieve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Rankin‐Turner
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Patrick Sears
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK
| | - Liam M Heaney
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK
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Creydt M, Fischer M. Food metabolomics: Latest hardware-developments for nontargeted food authenticity and food safety testing. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:2334-2350. [PMID: 36104152 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The analytical requirements for food testing have increased significantly in recent years. On the one hand, because food fraud is becoming an ever-greater challenge worldwide, and on the other hand because food safety is often difficult to monitor due to the far-reaching trade chains. In addition, the expectations of consumers on the quality of food have increased, and they are demanding extensive information. Cutting-edge analytical methods are required to meet these demands. In this context, non-targeted metabolomics strategies using mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers (mass spectrometry [MS]) have proven to be very suitable. MS-based approaches are of particular importance as they provide a comparatively high analytical coverage of the metabolome. Accordingly, the efficiency to address even challenging issues is high. A variety of hardware developments, which are explained in this review, have contributed to these advances. In addition, the potential of future developments is highlighted, some of which are currently not yet commercially available or only used to a comparatively small extent but are expected to gain in importance in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Creydt
- Hamburg School of Food Science - Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Fischer
- Hamburg School of Food Science - Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Kaufmann M, Vaysse PM, Savage A, Amgheib A, Marton A, Manoli E, Fichtinger G, Pringle SD, Rudan JF, Heeren RMA, Takáts Z, Balog J, Porta Siegel T. Harmonization of Rapid Evaporative Ionization Mass Spectrometry Workflows across Four Sites and Testing Using Reference Material and Local Food-Grade Meats. Metabolites 2022; 12:1130. [PMID: 36422272 PMCID: PMC9699633 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid evaporative ionization mass spectrometry (REIMS) is a direct tissue metabolic profiling technique used to accurately classify tissues using pre-built mass spectral databases. The reproducibility of the analytical equipment, methodology and tissue classification algorithms has yet to be evaluated over multiple sites, which is an essential step for developing this technique for future clinical applications. In this study, we harmonized REIMS methodology using single-source reference material across four sites with identical equipment: Imperial College London (UK); Waters Research Centre (Hungary); Maastricht University (The Netherlands); and Queen's University (Canada). We observed that method harmonization resulted in reduced spectral variability across sites. Each site then analyzed four different types of locally-sourced food-grade animal tissue. Tissue recognition models were created at each site using multivariate statistical analysis based on the different metabolic profiles observed in the m/z range of 600-1000, and these models were tested against data obtained at the other sites. Cross-validation by site resulted in 100% correct classification of two reference tissues and 69-100% correct classification for food-grade meat samples. While we were able to successfully minimize between-site variability in REIMS signals, differences in animal tissue from local sources led to significant variability in the accuracy of an individual site's model. Our results inform future multi-site REIMS studies applied to clinical samples and emphasize the importance of carefully-annotated samples that encompass sufficient population diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kaufmann
- Department of Surgery, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Pierre-Maxence Vaysse
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4i) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center + (MUMC+), 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, MUMC+, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Adele Savage
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Ala Amgheib
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | | | - Eftychios Manoli
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Gabor Fichtinger
- School of Computing, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2N8, Canada
| | | | - John F. Rudan
- Department of Surgery, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4i) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Zoltán Takáts
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Júlia Balog
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
- Waters Research Center, 1031 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tiffany Porta Siegel
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging (M4i) Institute, Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Prandi B, Righetti L, Caligiani A, Tedeschi T, Cirlini M, Galaverna G, Sforza S. Assessing food authenticity through protein and metabolic markers. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2022; 102:233-274. [PMID: 36064294 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This chapter aims to address an issue of ancient origins, but more and more topical in a globalized world in which consumers and stakeholders are increasingly aware: the authenticity of food. Foods are systems that can also be very complex, and verifying the correspondence between what is declared and the actual characteristics of the product is often a challenging issue. The complexity of the question we want to answer (is the food authentic?) means that the answer is equally articulated and makes use of many different analytical techniques. This chapter will consider the chemical analyses of foods aimed at guaranteeing their authenticity and will focus on frontier methods that have been developed in recent years to address the need to respond to ever-increasing guarantees of authenticity. Targeted and non-targeted approaches will be considered for verifying the authenticity of foods, through the study of different classes of constituents (proteins, metabolites, lipids, flavors). The numerous approaches available (proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics) and the related analytical techniques (LC-MS, GC-MS, NMR) are first described from a more general point of view, after which their specific application for the purposes of authentication of food is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Prandi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Laura Righetti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Tullia Tedeschi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Martina Cirlini
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Sforza
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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