1
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Zhang C, Wang Y, Peng J, Wen X, Zhang Y, Li K, Du H, Hu X. Decoding trends in mRNA vaccine research: A comprehensive bibliometric study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2355037. [PMID: 38813652 PMCID: PMC11141478 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2355037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, infectious diseases like COVID-19 have had profound global socio-economic impacts. mRNA vaccines have gained prominence due to their rapid development, industrial adaptability, simplicity, and responsiveness to new variants. Notably, the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine recognized significant contributions to mRNA vaccine research. METHODS Our study employed a comprehensive bibliometric analysis using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, encompassing 5,512 papers on mRNA vaccines from 2003 to 2023. We generated cooperation maps, co-citation analyses, and keyword clustering to evaluate the field's developmental history and achievements. RESULTS The analysis yielded knowledge maps highlighting countries/institutions, influential authors, frequently published and highly cited journals, and seminal references. Ongoing research hotspots encompass immune responses, stability enhancement, applications in cancer prevention and treatment, and combating infectious diseases using mRNA technology. CONCLUSIONS mRNA vaccines represent a transformative development in infectious disease prevention. This study provides insights into the field's growth and identifies key research priorities, facilitating advancements in vaccine technology and addressing future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobin Zhang
- Southwest Eye Hospital, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianding Peng
- School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Youwen Zhang
- School of Law, City University of Hongkong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kejun Li
- Department of Library, Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, Chongqing, China
| | - Hanjian Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chongqing Research Center for Glioma Precision Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaofei Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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2
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Qiaerxie G, Jiang Y, Li G, Yang Z, Long F, Yu Y, Lu JS, Du P, Cui Y. Design and evaluation of mRNA encoding recombinant neutralizing antibodies for botulinum neurotoxin type B intoxication prophylaxis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2358570. [PMID: 38853516 PMCID: PMC11168212 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2358570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Among all natural and synthetic toxins, botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), produced by Clostridium botulinum in an anaerobic environment, are the most toxic polymer proteins. Currently, the most effective modalities for botulism prevention and treatment are vaccination and antitoxin use, respectively. However, these modalities are associated with long response time for active immunization, side effects, and donor limitations. As such, the development of more promising botulism prevention and treatment modalities is warranted. Here, we designed an mRNA encoding B9-hFc - a heavy-chain antibody fused to VHH and human Fc that can neutralize BoNT serotype B (BoNT/B) effectively - and assessed its expression in vitro and in vivo. The results confirmed that our mRNA demonstrates good expression in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, a single mRNA lipid nanoparticle injection effectively prevents BoNT/B intoxication in vivo, with effects comparable to those of protein antibodies. In conclusion, we explored and clarified whether mRNA drugs encoding neutralizing antibodies prevent BoNT/B intoxication. Our results provide an efficient strategy for further research on the prevention and treatment of intoxication by botulinum toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulisaina Qiaerxie
- School of Medical Device, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Protein Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Jiang
- Protein Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Gege Li
- School of Medical Device, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Protein Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixin Yang
- Protein Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Long
- School of Medical Device, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Yunzhou Yu
- Protein Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Sheng Lu
- Laboratory of Advanced Biotechnology, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Du
- Protein Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Medical Device, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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3
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Fang Z, Yu P, Zhu W. Development of mRNA rabies vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2382499. [PMID: 39069645 PMCID: PMC11290775 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2382499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Rabies, primarily transmitted to humans by dogs (accounting for 99% of cases). Once rabies occurs, its mortality rate is approximately 100%. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is critical for preventing the onset of rabies after exposure to rabid animals, and vaccination is a pivotal element of PEP. However, high costs and complex immunization protocols have led to poor adherence to rabies vaccinations. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop new rabies vaccines that are safe, highly immunogenic, and cost-effective to improve compliance and effectively prevent rabies. In recent years, mRNA vaccines have made significant progress in the structural modification and optimization of delivery systems. Various mRNA vaccines are currently undergoing clinical trials, positioning them as viable alternatives to the traditional rabies vaccines. In this article, we discuss a novel mRNA rabies vaccine currently undergoing clinical and preclinical testing, and evaluate its potential to replace existing vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Fang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commission, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Yu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commission, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wuyang Zhu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Health Commission, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Waugh S, Cameron CE. Syphilis vaccine development: Aligning vaccine design with manufacturing requirements. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2399915. [PMID: 39262177 PMCID: PMC11404580 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2399915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, is a global health concern with increasing rates worldwide. Current prevention strategies, including screen-and-treat approaches, are not sufficient to resolve rising infection rates, emphasizing the need for a vaccine. Developing a syphilis vaccine necessitates a range of cross-disciplinary considerations, including essential disease-specific protection, technical requirements, economic feasibility, manufacturing constraints, public acceptance, equitable vaccine access, alignment with global public vaccination programs, and identification of essential populations to be vaccinated to achieve herd immunity. Central to syphilis vaccine development is prioritization of global vaccine availability, including access in low- to middle-income settings. Various vaccine platforms, including subunit, virus-like particle (VLP), mRNA, and outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines, present both advantages and challenges. The proactive consideration of both manufacturing feasibility and efficacy throughout the pre-clinical research and development stages is essential for producing an efficacious, inexpensive, and scalable syphilis vaccine to address the growing global health burden caused by this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Waugh
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
| | - Caroline E. Cameron
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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5
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Hsieh MJ, Tsai PH, Chiang PH, Kao ZK, Zhuang ZQ, Hsieh AR, Ho HL, Chiou SH, Liang KH, Chen YC. Genomic insights into mRNA COVID-19 vaccines efficacy: Linking genetic polymorphisms to waning immunity. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2399382. [PMID: 39254005 PMCID: PMC11404610 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2399382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms have been linked to the differential waning of vaccine-induced immunity against COVID-19 following vaccination. Despite this, evidence on the mechanisms behind this waning and its implications for vaccination policy remains limited. We hypothesize that specific gene variants may modulate the development of vaccine-initiated immunity, leading to impaired immune function. This study investigates genetic determinants influencing the sustainability of immunity post-mRNA vaccination through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Utilizing a hospital-based, test negative case-control design, we enrolled 1,119 participants from the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI) cohort, all of whom completed a full mRNA COVID-19 vaccination regimen and underwent PCR testing during the Omicron outbreak. Participants were classified into breakthrough and protected groups based on PCR results. Genetic samples were analyzed using SNP arrays with rigorous quality control. Cox regression identified significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with breakthrough infections, affecting 743 genes involved in processes such as antigenic protein translation, B cell activation, and T cell function. Key genes identified include CD247, TRPV1, MYH9, CCL16, and RPTOR, which are vital for immune responses. Polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis revealed that individuals with higher PRS are at greater risk of breakthrough infections post-vaccination, demonstrating a high predictability (AUC = 0.787) in validating population. This finding confirms the significant influence of genetic variations on the durability of immune responses and vaccine effectiveness. This study highlights the importance of considering genetic polymorphisms in evaluating vaccine-induced immunity and proposes potential personalized vaccination strategies by tailoring regimens to individual genetic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jia Hsieh
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsing Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hsuan Chiang
- Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Kai Kao
- Department of Information Management, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Qing Zhuang
- Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Ru Hsieh
- Department of Statistics, Tamkang University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ling Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Hao Liang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biosafety level 3 laboratory, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Big Data Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuli Branch, Hualien, Taiwan
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6
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Huang L, Zhao T, Zhao W, Shao A, Zhao H, Ma W, Gong Y, Zeng X, Weng C, Bu L, Di Z, Sun S, Dai Q, Sun M, Wang L, Liu Z, Shi L, Hu J, Fang S, Zhang C, Zhang J, Wang G, Loré K, Yang Y, Lin A. Herpes zoster mRNA vaccine induces superior vaccine immunity over licensed vaccine in mice and rhesus macaques. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2309985. [PMID: 38258878 PMCID: PMC10860463 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2309985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Herpes zoster remains an important global health issue and mainly occurs in aged and immunocompromised individuals with an early exposure history to Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV). Although the licensed vaccine Shingrix has remarkably high efficacy, undesired reactogenicity and increasing global demand causing vaccine shortage urged the development of improved or novel VZV vaccines. In this study, we developed a novel VZV mRNA vaccine candidate (named as ZOSAL) containing sequence-optimized mRNAs encoding full-length glycoprotein E encapsulated in an ionizable lipid nanoparticle. In mice and rhesus macaques, ZOSAL demonstrated superior immunogenicity and safety in multiple aspects over Shingrix, especially in the induction of strong T-cell immunity. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that both ZOSAL and Shingrix could robustly activate innate immune compartments, especially Type-I IFN signalling and antigen processing/presentation. Multivariate correlation analysis further identified several early factors of innate compartments that can predict the magnitude of T-cell responses, which further increased our understanding of the mode of action of two different VZV vaccine modalities. Collectively, our data demonstrated the superiority of VZV mRNA vaccine over licensed subunit vaccine. The mRNA platform therefore holds prospects for further investigations in next-generation VZV vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Huang
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tongyi Zhao
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weijun Zhao
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Andong Shao
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huajun Zhao
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxuan Ma
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingfei Gong
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianhuan Zeng
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changzhen Weng
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingling Bu
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Di
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinsheng Dai
- Targeted Discovery Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minhui Sun
- Targeted Discovery Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Limei Wang
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leilei Shi
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases in Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiesen Hu
- Firestone Biotechnologies, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shentong Fang
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Karin Loré
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yong Yang
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ang Lin
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Huang L, Zhang S, Zhao T, Cai T, Bu L, Di Z, Zhang Y, Yang C, Yang Y, Lin A. Rational optimization of glycoprotein E (gE)-encoding mRNA for improved Varicella-zoster virus mRNA vaccine development. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2392661. [PMID: 39137287 PMCID: PMC11395869 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2392661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
mRNA platform holds promise for next-generation Varicella-zoster Virus (VZV) vaccine development due to its high potency at inducing strong T-cell response. Built upon the design of our 1st-generation VZV mRNA vaccine that encodes for full-length gE antigen, in this study we reported on a novel combinatorial strategy to further optimize the gE-encoding mRNA sequence through signal peptide replacement, C-terminal modification, and insertion of mRNA-stabilizing motif, which collectively contributed to significantly improved vaccine immunogenicity. In adult mice, aged mice, and immunocompromised mice, this optimized VZV mRNA vaccine showed strong superiority in multiple aspects including the induction of gE-specific antibodies, specific memory B-cell response, as well as Th1-type T-cell response.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology
- Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics
- Herpesvirus 3, Human/immunology
- Herpesvirus 3, Human/genetics
- Mice
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Humans
- mRNA Vaccines
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- Female
- Vaccine Development
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Chickenpox Vaccine/immunology
- Chickenpox Vaccine/administration & dosage
- Chickenpox Vaccine/genetics
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Th1 Cells/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Huang
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongyi Zhao
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Cai
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Bu
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Di
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Yang
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yang
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Lin
- Vaccine Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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8
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Baig MMFA, Wong LY, Wu H. Development of mRNA nano-vaccines for COVID-19 prevention and its biochemical interactions with various disease conditions and age groups. J Drug Target 2024; 32:21-32. [PMID: 38010097 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2288996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
This review has focused on the development of mRNA nano-vaccine and the biochemical interactions of anti-COVID-19 mRNA vaccines with various disease conditions and age groups. It studied five major groups of individuals with different disease conditions and ages, including allergic background, infarction background, adolescent, and adult (youngsters), pregnant women, and elderly. All five groups had been reported to have background-related adverse effects. Allergic background individuals were observed to have higher chances of experiencing allergic reactions and even anaphylaxis. Individuals with an infarction background had a higher risk of vaccine-induced diseases, e.g. pneumonitis and interstitial lung diseases. Pregnant women were seen to suffer from obstetric and gynecological adverse effects after receiving vaccinations. However, interestingly, the elderly individuals (> 65 years old) had experienced milder and less frequent adverse effects compared to the adolescent (<19 and >9 years old) and young adulthood (19-39 years old), or middle adulthood (40-59 years old) age groups, while middle to late adolescent (14-17 years old) was the riskiest age group to vaccine-induced cardiovascular manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
- Department of Chemistry and the Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lok Yin Wong
- Department of Chemistry and the Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongkai Wu
- Department of Chemistry and the Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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9
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Lembo A, Molinaro A, De Castro C, Berti F, Biagini M. Impact of glycosylation on viral vaccines. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 342:122402. [PMID: 39048237 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation is the most prominent modification important for vaccines and its specific pattern depends on several factors that need to be considered when developing a new biopharmaceutical. Tailor-made glycosylation can be exploited to develop more effective and safer vaccines; for this reason, a deep understanding of both glycoengineering strategies and glycans structures and functions is required. In this review we discuss the recent advances concerning glycoprotein expression systems and the explanation of glycans immunomodulation mechanisms. Furthermore, we highlight how glycans tune the immunological properties among different vaccines platforms (whole virus, recombinant protein, nucleic acid), also comparing commercially available formulations and describing the state-of-the-art analytical technologies for glycosylation analysis. The whole review stresses the aspect of glycoprotein glycans as a potential tool to overcome nowadays medical needs in vaccine field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lembo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; GSK, Siena, Italy
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina De Castro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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10
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Hu X, Enbar T, Tang L. Delivery approaches of immunomodulatory nucleic acids for cancer therapy. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 89:103182. [PMID: 39178725 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have made remarkable public health contributions during the pandemic and initiated a new era for nucleic acid-based therapeutics. With the unique strength of nucleic acids, including not only mRNA but also DNA, microRNA, small interfering RNA (siRNA), and other nucleic acids, either in tuning off genes or introducing function, nucleic acid therapeutics have been regarded as potential candidates for the treatment of many different diseases, especially for the immunomodulation in cancer. However, the scope of the applications was limited by the challenges in delivery due to intrinsic properties of nucleic acids including low stability, immunogenicity, and toxicity. Bioengineering approaches toward efficient and targeted delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids have gained momentum in clinical applications in the past few decades. Recent advances in the biotechnological approaches for the delivery of mRNA, siRNA, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas for immunomodulatory are promising alternatives in designing future cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Hu
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tom Enbar
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Li Tang
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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11
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Cao Q, Fang H, Tian H. mRNA vaccines contribute to innate and adaptive immunity to enhance immune response in vivo. Biomaterials 2024; 310:122628. [PMID: 38820767 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapeutics have been widely employed as strategies for the treatment and prevention of diseases. Amid the global outbreak of COVID-19, mRNA vaccines have witnessed rapid development. Generally, in the case of mRNA vaccines, the initiation of the innate immune system serves as a prerequisite for triggering subsequent adaptive immune responses. Critical cells, cytokines, and chemokines within the innate immune system play crucial and beneficial roles in coordinating tailored immune reactions towards mRNA vaccines. Furthermore, immunostimulators and delivery systems play a significant role in augmenting the immune potency of mRNA vaccines. In this comprehensive review, we systematically delineate the latest advancements in mRNA vaccine research, present an in-depth exploration of strategies aimed at amplifying the immune effectiveness of mRNA vaccines, and offer some perspectives and recommendations regarding the future advancements in mRNA vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiannan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Huapan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China; Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China; Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Huayu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China; Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China.
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12
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Roy P, Kreofsky NW, Reineke TM. Quinine-Based Polymers Are Versatile and Effective Vehicles for Intracellular pDNA, mRNA, and Cas9 Protein Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2024. [PMID: 39324490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Quinine-based polymers have previously demonstrated promising performance in delivering pDNA in cells owing to their electrostatic as well as the nonelectrostatic interactions with pDNA. Herein, we evaluate whether quinine-based polymers are versatile for delivery of mRNA and Cas9-sgRNA complexes, especially in a serum-rich environment. Both mRNA and the Cas9-sgRNA complex are potent therapeutics that are structurally, chemically, and functionally very different from pDNA. By exploring a family of 7 quinine-based polymers that vary in monomer structure and polymer composition, we tested numerous formulations (42 with pDNA, 96 with mRNA, and 48 with Cas9-sgRNA) for payload-polymer complexation and delivery to compare payload-dependent structure-activity relationships. Several formulations demonstrated performance comparable to or better than the commercially available transfection agent jetPEI. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of quinine-based as a versatile carrier platform for delivering a wide range of nucleic acid therapeutics and serving the drug delivery needs in the field genetic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punarbasu Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Nicholas W Kreofsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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13
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Andrée L, Egberink RO, Heesakkers R, Suurmond CAE, Joziasse LS, Khalifeh M, Wang R, Yang F, Brock R, Leeuwenburgh SCG. Local mRNA Delivery from Nanocomposites Made of Gelatin and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:50497-50506. [PMID: 39284017 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Local delivery of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) is increasingly being advocated as a promising new strategy to enhance the performance of biomaterials. While extensive research has been dedicated to the complexation of these oligonucleotides into nanoparticles to facilitate systemic delivery, research on developing suitable biomaterial carriers for the local delivery of mRNA is still scarce. So far, mRNA-nanoparticles (mRNA-NPs) are mainly loaded into traditional polymeric hydrogels. Here, we show that calcium phosphate nanoparticles can be used for both reinforcement of nanoparticle-based hydrogels and the complexation of mRNA. mRNA was incorporated into lipid-coated calcium phosphate nanoparticles (LCPs) formulated with a fusogenic ionizable lipid in the outer layer of the lipid coat. Nanocomposites of gelatin and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were prepared at various ratios. Higher hydroxyapatite nanoparticle content increased the viscoelastic properties of the nanocomposite but did not affect its self-healing ability. Combination of these nanocomposites with peptide, lipid, and the LCP mRNA formulations achieved local mRNA release as demonstrated by protein expression in cells in contact with the biomaterials. The LCP-based formulation was superior to the other formulations by showing less sensitivity to hydroxyapatite and the highest cytocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Andrée
- Department of Dentistry─Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rik Oude Egberink
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Renée Heesakkers
- Department of Dentistry─Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ceri-Anne E Suurmond
- Department of Dentistry─Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas S Joziasse
- Department of Dentistry─Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Masoomeh Khalifeh
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Dentistry─Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Dentistry─Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roland Brock
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain
| | - Sander C G Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Dentistry─Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, 6525 EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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14
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Kim J, Lee BJ, Moon S, Lee H, Lee J, Kim BS, Jung K, Seo H, Chung Y. Strategies to Overcome Hurdles in Cancer Immunotherapy. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0080. [PMID: 39301248 PMCID: PMC11411167 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite marked advancements in cancer immunotherapy over the past few decades, there remains an urgent need to develop more effective treatments in humans. This review explores strategies to overcome hurdles in cancer immunotherapy, leveraging innovative technologies including multi-specific antibodies, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, myeloid cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, artificial intelligence (AI)-predicted neoantigens, autologous vaccines, and mRNA vaccines. These approaches aim to address the diverse facets and interactions of tumors' immune evasion mechanisms. Specifically, multi-specific antibodies and CAR T cells enhance interactions with tumor cells, bolstering immune responses to facilitate tumor infiltration and destruction. Modulation of myeloid cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts targets the tumor's immunosuppressive microenvironment, enhancing immunotherapy efficacy. AI-predicted neoantigens swiftly and accurately identify antigen targets, which can facilitate the development of personalized anticancer vaccines. Additionally, autologous and mRNA vaccines activate individuals' immune systems, fostering sustained immune responses against cancer neoantigens as therapeutic vaccines. Collectively, these strategies are expected to enhance efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, opening new horizons in anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kim
- Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy,Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Joon Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehoon Moon
- Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy,Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyong Lee
- Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy,Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Arontier Co., Seoul 06735, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Chemical Processes, Institute of Engineering Research, and BioMAX, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Keehoon Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungseok Seo
- Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy,Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonseok Chung
- Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy,Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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15
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Qi Y, Han H, Liu A, Zhao S, Lawanprasert A, Nielsen JE, Choudhary H, Liang D, Barron AE, Murthy N. Ethylene oxide graft copolymers reduce the immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2024; 14:30071-30076. [PMID: 39309654 PMCID: PMC11414743 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra05007j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)/mRNA complexes have great therapeutic potential but their PEG chains can induce the production of anti-PEG antibodies. New LNPs that do not contain PEG are greatly needed. We demonstrate here that poly-glutamic acid-ethylene oxide graft copolymers can replace the PEG on LNPs and outperform PEG-LNPs after chronic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Hesong Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Albert Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Sheng Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Atip Lawanprasert
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Josefine Eilsø Nielsen
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University Roskilde 4000 Denmark
| | - Hema Choudhary
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Dengpan Liang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
| | - Annelise E Barron
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
| | - Niren Murthy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI) Berkeley California 94704 USA
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16
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Chandra S, Wilson JC, Good D, Wei MQ. mRNA vaccines: a new era in vaccine development. Oncol Res 2024; 32:1543-1564. [PMID: 39308511 PMCID: PMC11413818 DOI: 10.32604/or.2024.043987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The advent of RNA therapy, particularly through the development of mRNA cancer vaccines, has ushered in a new era in the field of oncology. This article provides a concise overview of the key principles, recent advancements, and potential implications of mRNA cancer vaccines as a groundbreaking modality in cancer treatment. mRNA cancer vaccines represent a revolutionary approach to combatting cancer by leveraging the body's innate immune system. These vaccines are designed to deliver specific mRNA sequences encoding cancer-associated antigens, prompting the immune system to recognize and mount a targeted response against malignant cells. This personalized and adaptive nature of mRNA vaccines holds immense potential for addressing the heterogeneity of cancer and tailoring treatments to individual patients. Recent breakthroughs in the development of mRNA vaccines, exemplified by the success of COVID-19 vaccines, have accelerated their application in oncology. The mRNA platform's versatility allows for the rapid adaptation of vaccine candidates to various cancer types, presenting an agile and promising avenue for therapeutic intervention. Clinical trials of mRNA cancer vaccines have demonstrated encouraging results in terms of safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy. Pioneering candidates, such as BioNTech's BNT111 and Moderna's mRNA-4157, have exhibited promising outcomes in targeting melanoma and solid tumors, respectively. These successes underscore the potential of mRNA vaccines to elicit robust and durable anti-cancer immune responses. While the field holds great promise, challenges such as manufacturing complexities and cost considerations need to be addressed for widespread adoption. The development of scalable and cost-effective manufacturing processes, along with ongoing clinical research, will be pivotal in realizing the full potential of mRNA cancer vaccines. Overall, mRNA cancer vaccines represent a cutting-edge therapeutic approach that holds the promise of transforming cancer treatment. As research progresses, addressing challenges and refining manufacturing processes will be crucial in advancing these vaccines from clinical trials to mainstream oncology practice, offering new hope for patients in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Chandra
- School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Gold Coast campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD-4222, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland (MHIQ), Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD-4215, Australia
| | - Jennifer C Wilson
- School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Gold Coast campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD-4222, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland (MHIQ), Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD-4215, Australia
| | - David Good
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, QLD-4014, Australia
| | - Ming Q Wei
- School of Pharmacy & Medical Sciences, Gold Coast campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD-4222, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland (MHIQ), Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD-4215, Australia
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17
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Jin Y, Du Q, Song M, Kang R, Zhou J, Zhang H, Ding Y. Amyloid-β-targeting immunotherapies for Alzheimer's disease. J Control Release 2024; 375:346-365. [PMID: 39271059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in clinical passive immunotherapy have provided compelling evidence that eliminating amyloid-β (Aβ) slows cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the modest benefits and side effects observed in clinical trials indicate that current immunotherapy therapy is not a panacea, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of AD mechanisms and the significance of early intervention through optimized immunotherapy or immunoprevention. This review focuses on the centrality of Aβ pathology in AD and summarizes recent clinical progress in passive and active immunotherapies targeting Aβ, discussing their lessons and failures to inform future anti-Aβ biotherapeutics design. Various delivery strategies to optimize Aβ-targeting immunotherapies are outlined, highlighting their benefits and drawbacks in overcoming challenges such as poor stability and limited tissue accessibility of anti-Aβ biotherapeutics. Additionally, the perspectives and challenges of immunotherapy and immunoprevention targeting Aβ are concluded in the end, aiming to guide the development of next-generation anti-Aβ immunotherapeutic agents towards improved efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qiaofei Du
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Mingjie Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruixin Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huaqing Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yang Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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18
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Rothweiler U, Gundesø SE, Mikalsen EW, Svenning S, Singh M, Combes F, Pettersson FJ, Mangold A, Piotrowski Y, Schwab F, Lanes O, Striberny BK. Using nucleolytic toxins as restriction enzymes enables new RNA applications. Nucleic Acids Res 2024:gkae779. [PMID: 39271118 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past five decades, DNA restriction enzymes have revolutionized biotechnology. While these enzymes are widely used in DNA research and DNA engineering, the emerging field of RNA and mRNA therapeutics requires sequence-specific RNA endoribonucleases. Here, we describe EcoToxN1, a member of the type III toxin-antitoxin family of sequence-specific RNA endoribonucleases, and its use in RNA and mRNA analysis. This enzyme recognizes a specific pentamer in a single-stranded RNA and cleaves the RNA within this sequence. The enzyme is neither dependent on annealing of guide RNA or DNA oligos to the template nor does it require magnesium. Furthermore, it performs over a wide range of temperatures. With its unique functions and characteristics, EcoToxN1 can be classified as an RNA restriction enzyme. EcoToxN1 enables new workflows in RNA analysis and biomanufacturing, meeting the demand for faster, cheaper, and more robust analysis methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulli Rothweiler
- ArcticZymes Technologies ASA, Sykehusveien 23, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Emma Wu Mikalsen
- ArcticZymes Technologies ASA, Sykehusveien 23, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
- UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries & Economics, Muninbakken 21, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Mahavir Singh
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - Francis Combes
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Richard Birkelands vei 3, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Frida J Pettersson
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Richard Birkelands vei 3, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Antonia Mangold
- ArcticZymes Technologies ASA, Sykehusveien 23, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Felix Schwab
- ArcticZymes Technologies ASA, Sykehusveien 23, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Olav Lanes
- ArcticZymes Technologies ASA, Sykehusveien 23, 9019 Tromsø, Norway
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19
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Bartosik K, Micura R. Access to capped RNAs by chemical ligation. RSC Chem Biol 2024:d4cb00165f. [PMID: 39279877 PMCID: PMC11393730 DOI: 10.1039/d4cb00165f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
A distinctive feature of eukaryotic mRNAs is the presence of a cap structure at the 5' end. The typical cap consists of 7-methylguanosine linked to the first transcribed nucleotide through a 5',5'-triphosphate bridge. It plays a key role in many processes in eukaryotic cells, including splicing, intracellular transport, initiation of translation and turnover. Synthetic capped oligonucleotides have served as useful tools for elucidating these physiological processes. In addition, cap mimics with artificial modifications are of interest for the design of mRNA-based therapeutics and vaccines. While the short cap mimics can be obtained by chemical synthesis, the preparation of capped analogs of mRNA length is still challenging and requires templated enzymatic ligation of synthetic RNA fragments. To increase the availability of capped mRNA analogs, we present here a practical and non-templated approach based on the use of click ligation resulting in RNAs bearing a single triazole linkage within the oligo-phosphate backbone. Capped RNA fragments with up to 81 nucleotides in length have thus been obtained in nanomolar yields and are in demand for biochemical, spectroscopic or structural studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Bartosik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Ronald Micura
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82 6020 Innsbruck Austria
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20
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Sabat N, Stämpfli A, Hanlon S, Bisagni S, Sladojevich F, Püntener K, Hollenstein M. Template-dependent DNA ligation for the synthesis of modified oligonucleotides. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8009. [PMID: 39271668 PMCID: PMC11399401 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemical modification of DNA is a common strategy to improve the properties of oligonucleotides, particularly for therapeutics and nanotechnology. Existing synthetic methods essentially rely on phosphoramidite chemistry or the polymerization of nucleoside triphosphates but are limited in terms of size, scalability, and sustainability. Herein, we report a robust alternative method for the de novo synthesis of modified oligonucleotides using template-dependent DNA ligation of shortmer fragments. Our approach is based on the fast and scaled accessibility of chemically modified shortmer monophosphates as substrates for the T3 DNA ligase. This method has shown high tolerance to chemical modifications, flexibility, and overall efficiency, thereby granting access to a broad range of modified oligonucleotides of different lengths (20 → 120 nucleotides). We have applied this method to the synthesis of clinically relevant antisense drugs and ultramers containing diverse modifications. Furthermore, the designed chemoenzymatic approach has great potential for diverse applications in therapeutics and biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazarii Sabat
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3523, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris, Cedex 15, France
| | - Andreas Stämpfli
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Steven Hanlon
- Pharmaceutical Division, Synthetic Molecules Technical Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Serena Bisagni
- Pharmaceutical Division, Synthetic Molecules Technical Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Filippo Sladojevich
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Püntener
- Pharmaceutical Division, Synthetic Molecules Technical Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse 124, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Hollenstein
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3523, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids, 28, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724, Paris, Cedex 15, France.
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21
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Yang CH, Shen KY, Ho HM, Huang CY, Cheng YJ, Pu CC, Chiu FF, Huang WC, Liao HC, Chen HW, Liao CL, Liu SJ, Huang MH. Boosting DNA vaccine power by lipid nanoparticles surface engineered with amphiphilic bioresorbable copolymer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102261. [PMID: 39071950 PMCID: PMC11278320 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Successful DNA vaccination generally requires the aid of either a viral vector within vaccine components or an electroporation device into the muscle or skin of the host. However, these systems come with certain obstacles, including limited transgene capacity, broad preexisting immunity in humans, and substantial cell death caused by high voltage pulses, respectively. In this study, we repurposed the use of an amphiphilic bioresorbable copolymer (ABC), called PLA-PEG, as a surface engineering agent that conciliates lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) between stability during preparation and biocompatibility post-vaccination. The LNP carrier can be loaded with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike-specific DNA; in this form, the DNA-LNP is immunogenic in hamsters and elicits protective immunity following DNA-LNP vaccination against heterologous virus challenge or as a hybrid-type vaccine booster against SARS-CoV-2 variants. The data provide comprehensive information on the relationships between LNP composition, manufacturing process, and vaccine efficacy. The outcomes of this study offer new insights into designing next-generation LNP formulations and pave the way for boosting vaccine power to combat existing and possible emerging infectious diseases/pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hsiang Yang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yin Shen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Min Ho
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Yi Huang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jhen Cheng
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chun Pu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Feng Chiu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Huang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chun Liao
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Wei Chen
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Len Liao
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Liu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsi Huang
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
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22
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Zickler AM, Liang X, Gupta D, Mamand DR, De Luca M, Corso G, Errichelli L, Hean J, Sen T, Elsharkasy OM, Kamei N, Niu Z, Zhou G, Zhou H, Roudi S, Wiklander OPB, Görgens A, Nordin JZ, Castilla-Llorente V, El Andaloussi S. Novel Endogenous Engineering Platform for Robust Loading and Delivery of Functional mRNA by Extracellular Vesicles. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2407619. [PMID: 39246205 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202407619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) has emerged as an attractive therapeutic molecule for a plethora of clinical applications. For in vivo functionality, mRNA therapeutics require encapsulation into effective, stable, and safe delivery systems to protect the cargo from degradation and reduce immunogenicity. Here, a bioengineering platform for efficient mRNA loading and functional delivery using bionormal nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles (EVs), is established by expressing a highly specific RNA-binding domain fused to CD63 in EV producer cells stably expressing the target mRNA. The additional combination with a fusogenic endosomal escape moiety, Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Glycoprotein, enables functional mRNA delivery in vivo at doses substantially lower than currently used clinically with synthetic lipid-based nanoparticles. Importantly, the application of EVs loaded with effective cancer immunotherapy proves highly effective in an aggressive melanoma mouse model. This technology addresses substantial drawbacks currently associated with EV-based nucleic acid delivery systems and is a leap forward to clinical EV applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antje M Zickler
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
| | - Xiuming Liang
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Shandong University-Karolinska Institutet collaborative Laboratory, School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong University, No. 44, Wenhua Xi Road, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Dhanu Gupta
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Paediatrics., University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Roosevelt Dr, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7TY, UK
| | - Doste R Mamand
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Breast Center, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
| | - Mariacristina De Luca
- Evox Therapeutics Ltd., Oxford Science Park, Medawar Centre, Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford, OX4 4HG, UK
- Human Technopole, Viale Rita Levi Montalcini, 1, Milan, 20157, Italy
| | - Giulia Corso
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Evercyte GmbH, Leberstrasse 20, Vienna, 1110, Austria
| | - Lorenzo Errichelli
- Evox Therapeutics Ltd., Oxford Science Park, Medawar Centre, Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford, OX4 4HG, UK
| | - Justin Hean
- Evox Therapeutics Ltd., Oxford Science Park, Medawar Centre, Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford, OX4 4HG, UK
| | - Titash Sen
- Evox Therapeutics Ltd., Oxford Science Park, Medawar Centre, Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford, OX4 4HG, UK
- Lonza Biologics, Chesterford Research Park, Cambridge, CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Omnia M Elsharkasy
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
| | - Noriyasu Kamei
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Laboratory of Drug Delivery Systems, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Zheyu Niu
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324, Five Jing Road, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Guannan Zhou
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, No. 419, Fangxie Road, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Houze Zhou
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
| | - Samantha Roudi
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
| | - Oscar P B Wiklander
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Breast Center, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
| | - André Görgens
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Joel Z Nordin
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine (KITM), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
| | - Virginia Castilla-Llorente
- Evox Therapeutics Ltd., Oxford Science Park, Medawar Centre, Robert Robinson Avenue, Oxford, OX4 4HG, UK
- Uncommon Bio, Cambridge Technopark, Newmarket Rd, Cambridge, CB5 8PB, UK
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Division of Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
- Department of Cellular Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (CAST), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 14186, Sweden
- Karolinska ATMP Center, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Alfred-Nobels-Allé 8, Huddinge, Stockholm, 14152, Sweden
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23
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Joyce P, Allen CJ, Alonso MJ, Ashford M, Bradbury MS, Germain M, Kavallaris M, Langer R, Lammers T, Peracchia MT, Popat A, Prestidge CA, Rijcken CJF, Sarmento B, Schmid RB, Schroeder A, Subramaniam S, Thorn CR, Whitehead KA, Zhao CX, Santos HA. A translational framework to DELIVER nanomedicines to the clinic. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024:10.1038/s41565-024-01754-7. [PMID: 39242807 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Nanomedicines have created a paradigm shift in healthcare. Yet fundamental barriers still exist that prevent or delay the clinical translation of nanomedicines. Critical hurdles inhibiting clinical success include poor understanding of nanomedicines' physicochemical properties, limited exposure in the cell or tissue of interest, poor reproducibility of preclinical outcomes in clinical trials, and biocompatibility concerns. Barriers that delay translation include industrial scale-up or scale-down and good manufacturing practices, funding and navigating the regulatory environment. Here we propose the DELIVER framework comprising the core principles to be realized during preclinical development to promote clinical investigation of nanomedicines. The proposed framework comes with design, experimental, manufacturing, preclinical, clinical, regulatory and business considerations, which we recommend investigators to carefully review during early-stage nanomedicine design and development to mitigate risk and enable timely clinical success. By reducing development time and clinical trial failure, it is envisaged that this framework will help accelerate the clinical translation and maximize the impact of nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Joyce
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Christine J Allen
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - María José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), IDIS Research Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marianne Ashford
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Michelle S Bradbury
- Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- UNSW Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Faculty of Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Twan Lammers
- Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
- Mildred Scheel School of Oncology (MSSO), Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIOABCD), RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Amirali Popat
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Clive A Prestidge
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Bruno Sarmento
- IiS - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB - Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ruth B Schmid
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Avi Schroeder
- The Louis Family Laboratory for Targeted Drug Delivery and Personalized Medicine Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Santhni Subramaniam
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Chelsea R Thorn
- BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn A Whitehead
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Technology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- The Personalized Medicine Research Institute (PRECISION), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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24
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Nabi A, Atmuri NDP, Arnold D, Saadati F, Tran H, Adak T, Dake GR, Ciufolini MA. Claisen Self-Condensation of Lactones in the Synthesis of Ionizable Lipids. J Org Chem 2024; 89:12775-12778. [PMID: 39136619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2024]
Abstract
The Claisen self-condensation of lactones can be carried out safely and efficiently under Mukaiyama conditions, in the presence of TiCl4 and triethylamine. The primary Claisen products can be elaborated to various derivatives or converted directly into dihydroxyketones. Such compounds are valuable educts for the synthesis of ionizable lipids for the delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics and can now be accessed through a concise, economical, scalable route that avoids more technically challenging reaction sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Nabi
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - N D Prasad Atmuri
- NanoVation Therapeutics, Inc., 2405 Wesbrook Mall, fourth floor, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Deaglan Arnold
- NanoVation Therapeutics, Inc., 2405 Wesbrook Mall, fourth floor, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Fariba Saadati
- NanoVation Therapeutics, Inc., 2405 Wesbrook Mall, fourth floor, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Huy Tran
- NanoVation Therapeutics, Inc., 2405 Wesbrook Mall, fourth floor, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Taniya Adak
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Gregory R Dake
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Marco A Ciufolini
- NanoVation Therapeutics, Inc., 2405 Wesbrook Mall, fourth floor, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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25
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Wang T, Yu T, Li W, Liu Q, Sung TC, Higuchi A. Design and lyophilization of mRNA-encapsulating lipid nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124514. [PMID: 39067550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The remarkable success of two FDA-approved mRNA-encapsulating vaccines (Comirnaty® and Spikevax®) indicated the importance of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) delivery systems in clinical use. Currently, mRNA-encapsulating LNPs (mRNA-LNPs) vaccines are stored as frozen liquid at low or ultralow temperatures. We designed lyophilized LNPs utilizing FDA-approved lipids to expedite the clinical application of our developed lyophilized mRNA-LNPs in the future. The key parameters of sucrose concentration and the selection and molar ratio of the four lipids in these vaccines were optimized for long-term stability with high transfection efficiency after lyophilization. We demonstrated that 8.7% sucrose is the optimal cryoprotectant concentration to maintain the transfection efficiency of lyophilized mRNA-LNPs. Optimal lipid formulations with high transfection efficiency both before and after lyophilization were screened using an orthogonal experimental design. The ratios of distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC)/cholesterol and the selection of the ionizable and PEGylated lipids are the main factors influencing the long-term stability of mRNA-LNPs. Comparative mouse transfection experiments showed that the optimal lyophilized mRNA-LNPs maintained high mRNA expression after lyophilization, predominantly in the spleen or liver, with no expression in the kidneys or eyes. Our studies demonstrated the importance of the sucrose concentration and of the selection and molar ratio of the four lipids composing LNPs for maintaining mRNA-LNP stability under lyophilization and for long-term storage under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Tao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Wanqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Tzu-Cheng Sung
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Akon Higuchi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan; R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan.
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26
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Taibi T, Cheon S, Perna F, Vu LP. mRNA-based therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. Mol Ther 2024; 32:2819-2834. [PMID: 38702886 PMCID: PMC11403232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In the rapidly evolving landscape of medical research, the emergence of RNA-based therapeutics is paradigm shifting. It is mainly driven by the molecular adaptability and capacity to provide precision in targeting. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic crisis underscored the effectiveness of the mRNA therapeutic development platform and brought it to the forefront of RNA-based interventions. These RNA-based therapeutic approaches can reshape gene expression, manipulate cellular functions, and correct the aberrant molecular processes underlying various diseases. The new technologies hold the potential to engineer and deliver tailored therapeutic agents to tackle genetic disorders, cancers, and infectious diseases in a highly personalized and precisely tuned manner. The review discusses the most recent advancements in the field of mRNA therapeutics for cancer treatment, with a focus on the features of the most utilized RNA-based therapeutic interventions, current pre-clinical and clinical developments, and the remaining challenges in delivery strategies, effectiveness, and safety considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilelli Taibi
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sehyun Cheon
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fabiana Perna
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ly P Vu
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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27
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Wang G, Zhang M, Lai W, Gao Y, Liao S, Ning Q, Tang S. Tumor Microenvironment Responsive RNA Drug Delivery Systems: Intelligent Platforms for Sophisticated Release. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:4217-4237. [PMID: 39056442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a significant health concern, increasingly showing insensitivity to traditional treatments, highlighting the urgent need for safer and more practical treatment options. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) gene therapy drugs have demonstrated promising potential in preclinical and clinical trials for antitumor therapy by regulating tumor-related gene expression. However, RNA's poor membrane permeability and stability restrict its effectiveness in entering and being utilized in cells. An appropriate delivery system is crucial for achieving targeted tumor effects. The tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by acidity, hypoxia, enzyme overexpression, elevated glutathione (GSH) concentration, and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), is essential for tumor survival. Furthermore, these distinctive features can also be harnessed to develop intelligent drug delivery systems. Various nanocarriers that respond to the TME have been designed for RNA drug delivery, showing the advantages of tumor targeting and low toxicity. This Review discusses the abnormal changes of components in TME, therapeutic RNAs' roles, underlying mechanisms, and the latest developments in utilizing vectors that respond to microenvironments for treating tumors. We hope it provides insight into creating and optimizing RNA delivery vectors to improve their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Mengxia Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Weiwei Lai
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Shuxian Liao
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Qian Ning
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shengsong Tang
- Institute of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory for Antibody-Based Drug and Intelligent Delivery System, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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28
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Rajesh NU, Luna Hwang J, Xu Y, Saccone MA, Hung AH, Hernandez RAS, Coates IA, Driskill MM, Dulay MT, Jacobson GB, Tian S, Perry JL, DeSimone JM. 3D-Printed Latticed Microneedle Array Patches for Tunable and Versatile Intradermal Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404606. [PMID: 39221508 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Using high-resolution 3D printing, a novel class of microneedle array patches (MAPs) is introduced, called latticed MAPs (L-MAPs). Unlike most MAPs which are composed of either solid structures or hollow needles, L-MAPs incorporate tapered struts that form hollow cells capable of trapping liquid droplets. The lattice structures can also be coated with traditional viscous coating formulations, enabling both liquid- and solid-state cargo delivery, on a single patch. Here, a library of 43 L-MAP designs is generated and in-silico modeling is used to down-select optimal geometries for further characterization. Compared to traditionally molded and solid-coated MAPs, L-MAPs can load more cargo with fewer needles per patch, enhancing cargo loading and drug delivery capabilities. Further, L-MAP cargo release kinetics into the skin can be tuned based on formulation and needle geometry. In this work, the utility of L-MAPs as a platform is demonstrated for the delivery of small molecules, mRNA lipid nanoparticles, and solid-state ovalbumin protein. In addition, the production of programmable L-MAPs is demonstrated with tunable cargo release profiles, enabled by combining needle geometries on a single patch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Netra U Rajesh
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jihyun Luna Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Max A Saccone
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Andy H Hung
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rosa A S Hernandez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ian A Coates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Madison M Driskill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Maria T Dulay
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | - Shaomin Tian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jillian L Perry
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery and Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Joseph M DeSimone
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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29
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Chen S, Deng Z, Ji D. Advances in the development of lipid nanoparticles for ophthalmic therapeutics. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117108. [PMID: 39067162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Previously, researchers have employed Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to directly encapsulate medicines. In the realm of gene therapy, researchers have begun to employ lipid nanoparticles to encapsulate nucleic acids such as messenger RNA, small interfering RNA, and plasmid DNA, which are known as nucleic acid lipid nanoparticles. Recent breakthroughs in LNP-based medicine have provided significant prospects for the treatment of ocular disorders, such as corneal, choroidal, and retinal diseases. The use of LNP as a delivery mechanism for medicines and therapeutic genes can increase their effectiveness while avoiding undesired immune reactions. However, LNP-based medicines may pose ocular concerns. In this review, we discuss the general framework of LNP. Additionally, we review adjustable approaches and evaluate their possible risks. In addition, we examine newly described ocular illnesses in which LNP was utilized as a delivery mechanism. Finally, we provide perspectives for solving these potential issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Chen
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihong Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Dan Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China.
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30
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Holmes EC. The Emergence and Evolution of SARS-CoV-2. Annu Rev Virol 2024; 11:21-42. [PMID: 38631919 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-093022-013037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The origin of SARS-CoV-2 has evoked heated debate and strong accusations, yet seemingly little resolution. I review the scientific evidence on the origin of SARS-CoV-2 and its subsequent spread through the human population. The available data clearly point to a natural zoonotic emergence within, or closely linked to, the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan. There is no direct evidence linking the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 to laboratory work conducted at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. The subsequent global spread of SARS-CoV-2 was characterized by a gradual adaptation to humans, with dual increases in transmissibility and virulence until the emergence of the Omicron variant. Of note has been the frequent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from humans to other animals, marking it as a strongly host generalist virus. Unless lessons from the origin of SARS-CoV-2 are learned, it is inevitable that more zoonotic events leading to more epidemics and pandemics will plague human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward C Holmes
- Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;
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31
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Jacobs W, Khalifeh M, Koot M, Palacio-Castañeda V, van Oostrum J, Ansems M, Verdurmen WPR, Brock R. RNA-based logic for selective protein expression in senescent cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 174:106636. [PMID: 39089613 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a cellular state characterized by irreversible growth arrest, resistance to apoptosis and secretion of inflammatory molecules, which is causally linked to the pathogenesis of many age-related diseases. Besides, there is accumulating evidence that selective removal of senescent cells can benefit therapies for cancer and fibrosis by modulating the inflammatory microenvironment. While the field of so-called senolytics has spawned promising small molecules and peptides for the selective removal of senescent cells, there is still no effective means to detect senescent cells in vivo, a prerequisite for understanding the role of senescence in pathophysiology and to assess the effectiveness of treatments aimed at removing senescent cells. Here, we present a strategy based on an mRNA logic circuit, that yields mRNA-dependent protein expression only when a senescence-specific miRNA signature is present. Following a validation of radiation-induced senescence induction in primary human fibroblasts, we identify miRNAs up- and downregulated in association with cellular senescence using RT-qPCR. Incorporating binding sites to these miRNAs into the 3' untranslated regions of the mRNA logic circuit, we demonstrate the senescence-specific expression of EGFP for detection of senescent cells and of a constitutively active caspase-3 for selective removal. Altogether, our results pave the way for a novel approach to execute an mRNA-based programme specifically in senescent cells aimed at their detection or selective removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ward Jacobs
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Masoomeh Khalifeh
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Merijn Koot
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jenny van Oostrum
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen Ansems
- Radiotherapy and OncoImmunology Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter P R Verdurmen
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - Roland Brock
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6525 GA, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain.
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32
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Handunnetthi L, Ramasamy MN, Turtle L, Hunt DPJ. Identifying and reducing risks of neurological complications associated with vaccination. Nat Rev Neurol 2024; 20:541-554. [PMID: 39112653 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Vaccines protect against many infectious diseases, including some that can directly or indirectly cause nervous system damage. Serious neurological consequences of immunization are typically extremely rare, although they have the potential to jeopardize vaccination programmes, as demonstrated most recently during the COVID-19 pandemic. Neurologists have an important role in identifying safety signals at population and individual patient levels, as well as providing advice on the benefit-risk profile of vaccination in cohorts of patients with diverse neurological conditions. This article reviews the links between vaccination and neurological disease and considers how emerging signals can be evaluated and their mechanistic basis identified. We review examples of neurotropic infections with live attenuated vaccines, as well as neuroimmunological and neurovascular sequelae of other types of vaccines. We emphasize that such risks are typically dwarfed by neurological complications associated with natural infection and discuss how the risks can be further mitigated. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to rapidly identify and minimize neurological risks of vaccination, and we review the structures that need to be developed to protect public health against these risks in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lahiru Handunnetthi
- Nuffield Department of Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Lance Turtle
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - David P J Hunt
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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33
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Wang X, Wang W, Zou S, Xu Z, Cao D, Zhang S, Wei M, Zhan Q, Wen C, Li F, Chen H, Fu D, Jiang L, Zhao M, Shen B. Combination therapy of KRAS G12V mRNA vaccine and pembrolizumab: clinical benefit in patients with advanced solid tumors. Cell Res 2024; 34:661-664. [PMID: 38914844 PMCID: PMC11369195 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-024-00990-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Xinpu BioTechnology Company Limited, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Cao
- Hongene Biotech Corporation, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Shanghai Xinpu BioTechnology Company Limited, Shanghai, China
| | - Minzhi Wei
- Hongene Biotech Corporation, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhan
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenlei Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanlu Li
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lingxi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ming Zhao
- Shanghai Xinpu BioTechnology Company Limited, Shanghai, China.
| | - Baiyong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Pancreatic Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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34
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Hao T, Li Y, Liu P, Wang X, Xu K, Lei W, Li Y, Zhang R, Li X, Zhao X, Xu K, Lu X, Bi Y, Song H, Wu G, Zhu B, Gao GF. A chimeric mRNA vaccine of S-RBD with HA conferring broad protection against influenza and COVID-19 variants. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012508. [PMID: 39303003 PMCID: PMC11414905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Influenza and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represent two respiratory diseases that have significantly impacted global health, resulting in substantial disease burden and mortality. An optimal solution would be a combined vaccine capable of addressing both diseases, thereby obviating the need for multiple vaccinations. Previously, we conceived a chimeric protein subunit vaccine targeting both influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), utilizing the receptor binding domain of spike protein (S-RBD) and the stalk region of hemagglutinin protein (HA-stalk) components. By integrating the S-RBD from the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant with the headless hemagglutinin (HA) from H1N1 influenza virus, we constructed stable trimeric structures that remain accessible to neutralizing antibodies. This vaccine has demonstrated its potential by conferring protection against a spectrum of strains in mouse models. In this study, we designed an mRNA vaccine candidate encoding the chimeric antigen. The resultant humoral and cellular immune responses were meticulously evaluated in mouse models. Furthermore, the protective efficacy of the vaccine was rigorously examined through challenges with either homologous or heterologous influenza viruses or SARS-CoV-2 strains. Our findings reveal that the mRNA vaccine exhibited robust immunogenicity, engendering high and sustained levels of neutralizing antibodies accompanied by robust and persistent cellular immunity. Notably, this vaccine effectively afforded complete protection to mice against H1N1 or heterosubtypic H5N8 subtypes, as well as the SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron BA.2 variants. Additionally, our mRNA vaccine design can be easily adapted from Delta RBD to Omicron RBD antigens, providing protection against emerging variants. The development of two-in-one vaccine targeting both influenza and COVID-19, incorporating the mRNA platform, may provide a versatile approach to combating future pandemics.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Mice
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- COVID-19/prevention & control
- COVID-19/immunology
- mRNA Vaccines/immunology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics
- Humans
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Female
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Hao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulei Li
- Clinicopathological Diagnosis & Research Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Pathology of Guangxi Higher Education Institutes, Baise, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peipei Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Lei
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Xu
- Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuancheng Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases (NITFID), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhai Bi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guizhen Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - George F. Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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35
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Gao Y, Yang L, Li Z, Peng X, Li H. mRNA vaccines in tumor targeted therapy: mechanism, clinical application, and development trends. Biomark Res 2024; 12:93. [PMID: 39217377 PMCID: PMC11366172 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00644-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant tumors remain a primary cause of human mortality. Among the various treatment modalities for neoplasms, tumor vaccines have consistently shown efficacy and promising potential. These vaccines offer advantages such as specificity, safety, and tolerability, with mRNA vaccines representing promising platforms. By introducing exogenous mRNAs encoding antigens into somatic cells and subsequently synthesizing antigens through gene expression systems, mRNA vaccines can effectively induce immune responses. Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman were awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their great contributions to mRNA vaccine research. Compared with traditional tumor vaccines, mRNA vaccines have several advantages, including rapid preparation, reduced contamination, nonintegrability, and high biodegradability. Tumor-targeted therapy is an innovative treatment modality that enables precise targeting of tumor cells, minimizes damage to normal tissues, is safe at high doses, and demonstrates great efficacy. Currently, targeted therapy has become an important treatment option for malignant tumors. The application of mRNA vaccines in tumor-targeted therapy is expanding, with numerous clinical trials underway. We systematically outline the targeted delivery mechanism of mRNA vaccines and the mechanism by which mRNA vaccines induce anti-tumor immune responses, describe the current research and clinical applications of mRNA vaccines in tumor-targeted therapy, and forecast the future development trends of mRNA vaccine application in tumor-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China
| | - Zhenning Li
- Department of Oromaxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xueqiang Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Hangyu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, China.
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36
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Tong M, Palmer N, Dailamy A, Kumar A, Khaliq H, Han S, Finburgh E, Wing M, Hong C, Xiang Y, Miyasaki K, Portell A, Rainaldi J, Suhardjo A, Nourreddine S, Chew WL, Kwon EJ, Mali P. Robust genome and cell engineering via in vitro and in situ circularized RNAs. Nat Biomed Eng 2024:10.1038/s41551-024-01245-z. [PMID: 39187662 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-024-01245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Circularization can improve RNA persistence, yet simple and scalable approaches to achieve this are lacking. Here we report two methods that facilitate the pursuit of circular RNAs (cRNAs): cRNAs developed via in vitro circularization using group II introns, and cRNAs developed via in-cell circularization by the ubiquitously expressed RtcB protein. We also report simple purification protocols that enable high cRNA yields (40-75%) while maintaining low immune responses. These methods and protocols facilitate a broad range of applications in stem cell engineering as well as robust genome and epigenome targeting via zinc finger proteins and CRISPR-Cas9. Notably, cRNAs bearing the encephalomyocarditis internal ribosome entry enabled robust expression and persistence compared with linear capped RNAs in cardiomyocytes and neurons, which highlights the utility of cRNAs in these non-dividing cells. We also describe genome targeting via deimmunized Cas9 delivered as cRNA and a long-range multiplexed protein engineering methodology for the combinatorial screening of deimmunized protein variants that enables compatibility between persistence of expression and immunogenicity in cRNA-delivered proteins. The cRNA toolset will aid research and the development of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathan Palmer
- Biological Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amir Dailamy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aditya Kumar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hammza Khaliq
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sangwoo Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emma Finburgh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Madeleine Wing
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Camilla Hong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yichen Xiang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Katelyn Miyasaki
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Portell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Rainaldi
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Suhardjo
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sami Nourreddine
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wei Leong Chew
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ester J Kwon
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Prashant Mali
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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37
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Phan T, Fan D, Melstrom LG. Developing Vaccines in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Trials and Tribulations. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:4855-4884. [PMID: 39329989 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31090361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma represents one of the most challenging malignancies to treat, with dismal survival rates despite advances in therapeutic modalities. Immunotherapy, particularly vaccines, has emerged as a promising strategy to harness the body's immune system in combating this aggressive cancer. This abstract reviews the trials and tribulations encountered in the development of vaccines targeting pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Key challenges include the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, the heterogeneity of tumor antigens, and a limited understanding of immune evasion mechanisms employed by pancreatic cancer cells. Various vaccine platforms, including peptide-based, dendritic cell-based, and viral vector-based vaccines, have been explored in preclinical and clinical settings. However, translating promising results from preclinical models to clinical efficacy has proven elusive. In recent years, mRNA vaccines have emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic strategy in the fight against various cancers, including pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We will discuss the potential applications, opportunities, and challenges associated with mRNA vaccines in pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Phan
- Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Darrell Fan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Laleh G Melstrom
- Department of Surgical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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38
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Lim J, Koprowski K, Stavins R, Xuan N, Hoang TH, Baek J, Kindratenko V, Khaertdinova L, Kim AY, Do M, King WP, Valera E, Bashir R. Point-of-Care Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses. ACS Sens 2024; 9:4058-4068. [PMID: 39101394 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to the co-occurrence of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), has emphasized the requirement for efficient and reliable multiplex diagnostic methods for respiratory infections. While existing multiplex detection techniques are based on reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and extraction and purification kits, the need for complex instrumentation and elevated cost limit their scalability and availability. In this study, we have developed a point-of-care (POC) device based on reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) that can simultaneously detect four respiratory viruses (SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A, Influenza B, and RSV) and perform two controls in less than 30 min, while avoiding the use of the RNA extraction kit. The system includes a disposable microfluidic cartridge with mechanical components that automate sample processing, with a low-cost and portable optical reader and a smartphone app to record and analyze fluorescent images. The application as a real point-of-care platform was validated using swabs spiked with virus particles in nasal fluid. Our portable diagnostic system accurately detects viral RNA specific to respiratory pathogens, enabling deconvolution of coinfection information. The detection limits for each virus were determined using virus particles spiked in chemical lysis buffer. Our POC device has the potential to be adapted for the detection of new pathogens and a wide range of viruses by modifying the primer sequences. This work highlights an alternative approach for multiple respiratory virus diagnostics that is well-suited for healthcare systems in resource-limited settings or at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongwon Lim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Katherine Koprowski
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Robert Stavins
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nhat Xuan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Trung-Hieu Hoang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Janice Baek
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Victoria Kindratenko
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Liliana Khaertdinova
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Alicia Yeun Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Minh Do
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - William P King
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Enrique Valera
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60642, United States
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Desai P, Karl CE, Ying B, Liang CY, Garcia-Salum T, Santana AC, Ten-Caten F, Joseph F Urban, Elbashir SM, Edwards DK, Ribeiro SP, Thackray LB, Sekaly RP, Diamond MS. Intestinal helminth infection impairs vaccine-induced T cell responses and protection against SARS-CoV-2 in mice. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eado1941. [PMID: 39167662 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.ado1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Although vaccines have reduced the burden of COVID-19, their efficacy in helminth infection-endemic areas is not well characterized. We evaluated the impact of infection by Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri (Hpb), a murine intestinal roundworm, on the efficacy of an mRNA vaccine targeting the Wuhan-1 spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in mice. Although immunization generated similar B cell responses in Hpb-infected and uninfected mice, polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were markedly reduced in Hpb-infected mice. Hpb-infected and mRNA-vaccinated mice were protected against the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain WA1/2020, but control of lung infection was diminished against an Omicron variant compared with animals immunized without Hpb infection. Helminth-mediated suppression of spike protein-specific CD8+ T cell responses occurred independently of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) signaling, whereas blockade of interleukin-10 (IL-10) rescued vaccine-induced CD8+ T cell responses. Together, these data show that, in mice, intestinal helminth infection impaired vaccine-induced T cell responses through an IL-10 pathway, which compromised protection against antigenically drifted SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritesh Desai
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Courtney E Karl
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Baoling Ying
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chieh-Yu Liang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tamara Garcia-Salum
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30317, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Ana Carolina Santana
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30317, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Felipe Ten-Caten
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30317, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Joseph F Urban
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Services, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, and Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | | | | | - Susan P Ribeiro
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30317, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Larissa B Thackray
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rafick P Sekaly
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30317, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael S Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Tuyen Ho M, Barrett A, Wang Y, Hu Q. Bioinspired and Biomimetic Gene Delivery Systems. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:4914-4922. [PMID: 37905498 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy that can introduce, counteract, or replace genes possesses great potential to address diseases at their genetic roots. A wide range of technologies, such as RNA interference, genome editing, DNA transformation, and mRNA vaccines, have been extensively investigated to modulate gene expression in an attempt to treat a myriad of diseases. Despite the great promise of gene therapeutics, a series of intracellular and extracellular barriers must be surmounted, including rapid clearance in circulation, insufficient site-specific accumulation, suboptimal cellular internalization, and deficient transfection efficiency. Advances in the delivery systems for gene delivery bring about profound progress in enhancing the bioavailability and biocompatibility of gene therapeutics. Notably, bioinspired and biomimetic gene delivery systems have emerged, which draw inspiration from natural processes and recapitulate the desired traits and functions of viruses, bacteria, exosomes, and eukaryotic cells. The integration of bioinspired and biomimetic designs can overcome biological barriers, improve the pharmacokinetic profile, and efficiently transport gene therapeutics to target cells. As such, these platforms amplify the therapeutic efficacy and reduce side effects, thus expediting the clinical translation of gene therapy. Herein, we summarize the latest advances in designing bioinspired or biomimetic delivery systems, introduce their advantages, and discuss the obstacles to overcome with rational designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mong Tuyen Ho
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Allie Barrett
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Yixin Wang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Quanyin Hu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
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41
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Biswas M, Nurunnabi M, Khatun Z. Understanding Mucosal Physiology and Rationale of Formulation Design for Improved Mucosal Immunity. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:5037-5056. [PMID: 38787767 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The oral and nasal cavities serve as critical gateways for infectious pathogens, with microorganisms primarily gaining entry through these routes. Our first line of defense against these invaders is the mucosal membrane, a protective barrier that shields the body's internal systems from infection while also contributing to vital functions like air and nutrient intake. One of the key features of this mucosal barrier is its ability to protect the physiological system from pathogens. Additionally, mucosal tolerance plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating the pH and water balance within the body. Recognizing the importance of the mucosal barrier, researchers have developed various mucosal formulations to enhance the immune response. Mucosal vaccines, for example, deliver antigens directly to mucosal tissues, triggering local immune stimulation and ultimately inducing systemic immunity. Studies have shown that lipid-based formulations such as liposomes and virosomes can effectively elicit both local and systemic immune responses. Furthermore, mucoadhesive polymeric particles, with their prolonged delivery to target sites, have demonstrated an enhanced immune response. This Review delves into the critical role of material selection and delivery approaches in optimizing mucosal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Biswas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79902, United States
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79902, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Zehedina Khatun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79902, United States
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42
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He Z, Liu Z, Chen Y. Chemical Design Strategy of Ionizable Lipids for In Vivo mRNA Delivery. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202400199. [PMID: 38722488 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are the most clinically successful drug delivery systems that have accelerated the development of mRNA drugs and vaccines. Among various structural components of LNPs, more recent attention has been paid in ionizable lipids (ILs) that was supposed as the key component in determining the effectiveness of LNPs for in vivo mRNA delivery. ILs are typically comprised of three moieties including ionizable heads, linkers, and hydrophobic tails, which suggested that the combination of different functional groups in three moieties could produce ILs with diverse chemical structures and biological identities. In this concept article, we provide a summary of chemical design strategy for high-performing IL candidates and discuss their structure-activity relationships for shifting tissue-selective mRNA delivery. We also propose an outlook for the development of next-generation ILs, enabling the broader translation of mRNA formulated with LNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Functional Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhijia Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Functional Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Guangdong Functional Biomaterials Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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Deshmukh R, Sethi P, Singh B, Shiekmydeen J, Salave S, Patel RJ, Ali N, Rashid S, Elossaily GM, Kumar A. Recent Review on Biological Barriers and Host-Material Interfaces in Precision Drug Delivery: Advancement in Biomaterial Engineering for Better Treatment Therapies. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:1076. [PMID: 39204421 PMCID: PMC11360117 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16081076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that precision therapy has a broad variety of treatment applications, making it an interesting research topic with exciting potential in numerous sectors. However, major obstacles, such as inefficient and unsafe delivery systems and severe side effects, have impeded the widespread use of precision medicine. The purpose of drug delivery systems (DDSs) is to regulate the time and place of drug release and action. They aid in enhancing the equilibrium between medicinal efficacy on target and hazardous side effects off target. One promising approach is biomaterial-assisted biotherapy, which takes advantage of biomaterials' special capabilities, such as high biocompatibility and bioactive characteristics. When administered via different routes, drug molecules deal with biological barriers; DDSs help them overcome these hurdles. With their adaptable features and ample packing capacity, biomaterial-based delivery systems allow for the targeted, localised, and prolonged release of medications. Additionally, they are being investigated more and more for the purpose of controlling the interface between the host tissue and implanted biomedical materials. This review discusses innovative nanoparticle designs for precision and non-personalised applications to improve precision therapies. We prioritised nanoparticle design trends that address heterogeneous delivery barriers, because we believe intelligent nanoparticle design can improve patient outcomes by enabling precision designs and improving general delivery efficacy. We additionally reviewed the most recent literature on biomaterials used in biotherapy and vaccine development, covering drug delivery, stem cell therapy, gene therapy, and other similar fields; we have also addressed the difficulties and future potential of biomaterial-assisted biotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohitas Deshmukh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India;
| | - Pranshul Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula 244236, India;
| | - Bhupendra Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248002, India;
- Department of Pharmacy, S.N. Medical College, Agra 282002, India
| | | | - Sagar Salave
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad 382355, India;
| | - Ravish J. Patel
- Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Anand 388421, India;
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gehan M. Elossaily
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh 11597, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arun Kumar
- School of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
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He Y, Johnston APR, Pouton CW. Therapeutic applications of cell engineering using mRNA technology. Trends Biotechnol 2024:S0167-7799(24)00191-4. [PMID: 39153909 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Engineering and reprogramming cells has significant therapeutic potential to treat a wide range of diseases, by replacing missing or defective proteins, to provide transcription factors (TFs) to reprogram cell phenotypes, or to provide enzymes such as RNA-guided Cas9 derivatives for CRISPR-based cell engineering. While viral vector-mediated gene transfer has played an important role in this field, the use of mRNA avoids safety concerns associated with the integration of DNA into the host cell genome, making mRNA particularly attractive for in vivo applications. Widespread application of mRNA for cell engineering is limited by its instability in the biological environment and challenges involved in the delivery of mRNA to its target site. In this review, we examine challenges that must be overcome to develop effective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia He
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Angus P R Johnston
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Colin W Pouton
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Wang S, Shcherbii MV, Hirvonen SP, Silvennoinen G, Sarparanta M, Santos HA. Quantitative analysis of electroporation-mediated intracellular delivery via bioorthogonal luminescent reaction. Commun Chem 2024; 7:181. [PMID: 39147836 PMCID: PMC11327378 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Efficient intracellular delivery is crucial for biotherapeutics, such as proteins, oligonucleotides, and CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing systems, to achieve their efficacy. Despite the great efforts of developing new intracellular delivery carriers, the lack of straightforward methods for intracellular delivery quantification limits further development in this area. Herein, we designed a simple and versatile bioorthogonal luminescent reaction (BioLure assay) to analyze intracellular delivery. Our results suggest that BioLure can be used to estimate the amount of intracellularly delivered molecules after electroporation, and the estimation by BioLure is in good correlation with the results from complementary methods. Furthermore, we used BioLure assay to correlate the intracellularly-delivered RNase A amount with its tumoricidal activity. Overall, BioLure is a versatile tool for understanding the intracellular delivery process on live cells, and establishing the link between the cytosolic concentration of intracellularly-delivered biotherapeutics and their therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Wang
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Mariia V Shcherbii
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sami-Pekka Hirvonen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gudrun Silvennoinen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mirkka Sarparanta
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomedical Technology, The Personalized Medicine Research Institute (PRECISION), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713, AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Zhang Z, Fu Y, Ju X, Zhang F, Zhang P, He M. Advances in Engineering Circular RNA Vaccines. Pathogens 2024; 13:692. [PMID: 39204292 PMCID: PMC11356823 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Engineered circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded RNAs with head-to-tail covalently linked structures that integrate open reading frames (ORFs) and internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) with the function of coding and expressing proteins. Compared to mRNA vaccines, circRNA vaccines offer a more improved method that is safe, stable, and simple to manufacture. With the rapid revelation of the biological functions of circRNA and the success of Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus Type II (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccines, biopharmaceutical companies and researchers around the globe are attempting to develop more stable circRNA vaccines for illness prevention and treatment. Nevertheless, research on circRNA vaccines is still in its infancy, and more work and assessment are needed for their synthesis, delivery, and use. In this review, based on the current understanding of the molecular biological properties and immunotherapeutic mechanisms of circRNA, we summarize the current preparation methods of circRNA vaccines, including design, synthesis, purification, and identification. We discuss their delivery strategies and summarize the challenges facing the clinical application of circRNAs to provide references for circRNA vaccine-related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China;
| | - Yuanlei Fu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine & Advanced Preparations, Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.F.); (X.J.); (F.Z.)
| | - Xiaoli Ju
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine & Advanced Preparations, Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.F.); (X.J.); (F.Z.)
| | - Furong Zhang
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine & Advanced Preparations, Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.F.); (X.J.); (F.Z.)
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China;
| | - Meilin He
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine & Advanced Preparations, Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai 264005, China; (Y.F.); (X.J.); (F.Z.)
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Wu B, Liu Y, Zhang X, Luo D, Wang X, Qiao C, Liu J. A bibliometric insight into nanomaterials in vaccine: trends, collaborations, and future avenues. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1420216. [PMID: 39188723 PMCID: PMC11345159 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1420216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The emergence of nanotechnology has injected new vigor into vaccine research. Nanovaccine research has witnessed exponential growth in recent years; yet, a comprehensive analysis of related publications has been notably absent. Objective This study utilizes bibliometric methodologies to reveal the evolution of themes and the distribution of nanovaccine research. Methods Using tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Scimago Graphica, Pajek, R-bibliometrix, and R packages for the bibliometric analysis and visualization of literature retrieved from the Web of Science database. Results Nanovaccine research commenced in 1981. The publication volume exponentially increased, notably in 2021. Leading contributors include the United States, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the "Vaccine", and researcher Zhao Kai. Other significant contributors comprise China, the University of California, San Diego, Veronique Preat, the Journal of Controlled Release, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The USA functions as a central hub for international cooperation. Financial support plays a pivotal role in driving research advancements. Key themes in highly cited articles include vaccine carrier design, cancer vaccines, nanomaterial properties, and COVID-19 vaccines. Among 7402 keywords, the principal nanocarriers include Chitosan, virus-like particles, gold nanoparticles, PLGA, and lipid nanoparticles. Nanovaccine is primarily intended to address diseases including SARS-CoV-2, cancer, influenza, and HIV. Clustering analysis of co-citation networks identifies 9 primary clusters, vividly illustrating the evolution of research themes over different periods. Co-citation bursts indicate that cancer vaccines, COVID-19 vaccines, and mRNA vaccines are pivotal areas of focus for current and future research in nanovaccines. "candidate vaccines," "protein nanoparticle," "cationic lipids," "ionizable lipids," "machine learning," "long-term storage," "personalized cancer vaccines," "neoantigens," "outer membrane vesicles," "in situ nanovaccine," and "biomimetic nanotechnologies" stand out as research interest. Conclusions This analysis emphasizes the increasing scholarly interest in nanovaccine research and highlights pivotal recent research themes such as cancer and COVID-19 vaccines, with lipid nanoparticle-mRNA vaccines leading novel research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wu
- Department of Information, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Big Data Innovation Lab of Beijing Office of Academic Research, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexue Zhang
- Department of Information, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ding Luo
- Department of Information, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Big Data Innovation Lab of Beijing Office of Academic Research, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejie Wang
- Department of Information, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Big Data Innovation Lab of Beijing Office of Academic Research, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Qiao
- Department of Information, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Big Data Innovation Lab of Beijing Office of Academic Research, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Information, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Big Data Innovation Lab of Beijing Office of Academic Research, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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48
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Li S, Lv M, Mei W, Yu X. Fluorinated Polyethylenimine and Fluorinated Choline Phosphate Lipids Complex System for Efficient mRNA Delivery to Deep-Seated Tumor Tissues. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:5251-5259. [PMID: 39074380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Efficiently delivering mRNA to the deep-seated cells of diseased tissues for therapeutic purposes remains a significant challenge. To address this, we leveraged the dual hydrophobic properties of fluorine atoms to conjugate fluorinated polyethylenimine (FPEI) with fluorinated choline phosphate (FCP) lipids. When one adjusted the ratio of N/F atoms to 2/1 and a 15% FCP content, the mRNA@FPEI-FCP carrier was optimized, achieving significant circulation and accumulation in deep tumor regions. Compared to control carriers lacking FCP or FPEI, mRNA@FPEI-FCP exhibited a 3.94-fold increase in tumor targeting and a 3.0-fold increase in deep delivery. Delivery of IL-2 mRNA to 4T1 breast tumors resulted in a tumor inhibition rate of 91.9%, with IL-2 levels reaching 149.2 pg/mL and 12.1% of CD4+ cells throughout the tumor, with no abnormal blood indexes. This FPEI and FCP composite delivery system demonstrates potent targeting of mRNA delivery to deep tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengran Li
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Meiying Lv
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Weikang Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytic Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xifei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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49
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Bai X, Chen Q, Li F, Teng Y, Tang M, Huang J, Xu X, Zhang XQ. Optimized inhaled LNP formulation for enhanced treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis via mRNA-mediated antibody therapy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6844. [PMID: 39122711 PMCID: PMC11315999 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51056-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticle-assisted mRNA inhalation therapy necessitates addressing challenges such as resistance to shear force damage, mucus penetration, cellular internalization, rapid lysosomal escape, and target protein expression. Here, we introduce the innovative "LOOP" platform with a four-step workflow to develop inhaled lipid nanoparticles specifically for pulmonary mRNA delivery. iLNP-HP08LOOP featuring a high helper lipid ratio, acidic dialysis buffer, and excipient-assisted nebulization buffer, demonstrates exceptional stability and enhanced mRNA expression in the lungs. By incorporating mRNA encoding IL-11 single chain fragment variable (scFv), scFv@iLNP-HP08LOOP effectively delivers and secretes IL-11 scFv to the lungs of male mice, significantly inhibiting fibrosis. This formulation surpasses both inhaled and intravenously injected IL-11 scFv in inhibiting fibroblast activation and extracellular matrix deposition. The HP08LOOP system is also compatible with commercially available ALC0315 LNPs. Thus, the "LOOP" method presents a powerful platform for developing inhaled mRNA nanotherapeutics with potential for treating various respiratory diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Bai
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qijing Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengqiao Li
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Yilong Teng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Maoping Tang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, USA.
| | - Xue-Qing Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Innovative Immunotherapy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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50
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Iqbal SM, Rosen AM, Edwards D, Bolio A, Larson HJ, Servin M, Rudowitz M, Carfi A, Ceddia F. Opportunities and challenges to implementing mRNA-based vaccines and medicines: lessons from COVID-19. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1429265. [PMID: 39175908 PMCID: PMC11340501 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1429265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The messenger RNA (mRNA) platform emerged at the forefront of vaccine development during the COVID-19 pandemic, with two mRNA COVID-19 vaccines being among the first authorized globally. These vaccines were developed rapidly. Informed by decades of laboratory research, and proved to be safe and efficacious tools for mitigating the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The mRNA platform holds promise for a broader medical application beyond COVID-19. Herein, we provide an overview of this platform and describe lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic to help formulate strategies toward enhancing uptake of future mRNA-based interventions. We identify several strategies as vital for acceptance of an expanding array of mRNA-based vaccines and therapeutics, including education, accurate and transparent information sharing, targeted engagement campaigns, continued investment in vaccine safety surveillance, inclusion of diverse participant pools in clinical trials, and addressing deep-rooted inequalities in access to healthcare. We present findings from the Global Listening Project (GLP) initiative, which draws on quantitative and qualitative approaches to capture perceptions and experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic to help design concrete action plans for improving societal preparedness for future emergencies. The GLP survey (>70,000 respondents in 70 countries) revealed tremendous disparities across countries and sociodemographic groups regarding willingness to accept novel mRNA vaccines and medicines. The comfort in innovations in mRNA medicines was generally low (35%) and was marginally lower among women (33%). The GLP survey and lessons learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic provide actionable insights into designing effective strategies to enhance uptake of future mRNA-based medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ana Bolio
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Heidi J. Larson
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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