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Stimmler P, Obst M, Lehmann J, Stein M, Hockmann K, Goeckede M, Schaller J. Reduced CO 2 Release from Arctic Soils Due to CO 2 Binding to Calcium Forming Aragonite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39324860 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c07496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Arctic soils are the largest pool of organic carbon compared with other soils globally and serve as a main source for greenhouse gases, especially in the course of the predicted future temperature increase. With increasing temperatures, substantial thawing of the permafrost layer of soils is expected, altering the availability of calcium in those soils, with an increase by ∼5 mg Ca g-1 DW predicted for Alaska. Here we show for two representative soils in Alaska (initially Ca-poor or Ca-rich) that this increase in Ca availability will lead to decreases in CO2 release by 50% and 57%. It is already well-known that the cation bridging of Ca ions to organic carbon renders this carbon unavailable for microbial respiration and that Ca is altering the transformation of Corg by microbes. Here we show that the decrease of the soil CO2 release may be also due to enhanced aragonite formation (by 300% for Ca-poor and 90-200% for Ca-rich soils), as revealed by synchrotron-based scanning transmission X-ray microscopy. We therefore call upon field experiments for validation of this process and inclusion of this process in global and local carbon budget models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Stimmler
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, Müncheberg 15374, Germany
| | - Martin Obst
- Experimental Biogeochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95447, Germany
| | - Johannes Lehmann
- School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Mathias Stein
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, Müncheberg 15374, Germany
| | - Kerstin Hockmann
- Experimental Biogeochemistry, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95447, Germany
- Hydrology, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95447, Germany
| | - Mathias Goeckede
- Biogeochemical Signals (BSI), Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena 07749, Germany
| | - Joerg Schaller
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, Müncheberg 15374, Germany
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Tarunamulia T, Mustafa A, Paena M, Akmal A, Syachuddin M, Kamariah K, Ratnawati E, Ilman M. Soil remediation and nano-biosilica: a potential combination to improve the environmental quality of brackishwater aquaculture ponds affected by acid sulfate soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:54574-54588. [PMID: 39210222 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The successful management of ASS-affected brackishwater aquaculture ponds necessitates overcoming associated environmental limitations. This study investigated the potential application of nano-biosilica from rice husk ash (RHA) and soil remediation techniques to improve the environmental quality of ASS-affected brackishwater ponds. The study followed a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments and three replicates. The treatments comprised applying soil remediation, nano-biosilica fertilizer, and their combination. The study generally revealed that the combination of soil remediation technique and RHA-driven nano-biosilica improved the water quality of ASS-affected brackishwater ponds. Soil remediation improved water quality by reducing acidity levels. However, excessive lime application as an integral part of the remediation might release acidity and toxic metals into water, potentially increasing calcium-phosphorus fixation. Despite liming potential negative consequences, if mixed with nano-biosilica could increase diatom-phytoplankton growth by reducing dissolved Al and Fe levels while boosting P and Si availability. Liming could also help boost diatom photosynthesis and inhibit unwanted algae blooms by decreasing water turbidity and increasing sunlight penetration. This study emphasized that the effectiveness of nano-biosilica in promoting diatom growth depends on appropriate nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and ratios, which should not be a limiting factor. However, the required N/P concentration and ratio are only met if the remediation method is effectively implemented. The combination of nano-biosilica and soil remediation treatment maintained SiO2 concentrations above the average natural seawater concentration; however, availability may be limited due to complexes containing Ca, Al, Mg, and Fe. Regularly applying cost-effective nano-biosilica fertilizer in combination with N and P fertilizers is recommended to enhance water remediation efficiency by boosting Si availability and decreasing the toxicity of dissolved toxic metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarunamulia Tarunamulia
- Research Center for Fishery, National Research and Innovation Agency (NRIA), Jl. Raya Bogor Kilometer 47, Cibinong, West Java, 16911, Indonesia.
| | - Akhmad Mustafa
- Research Center for Fishery, National Research and Innovation Agency (NRIA), Jl. Raya Bogor Kilometer 47, Cibinong, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Mudian Paena
- Research Center for Fishery, National Research and Innovation Agency (NRIA), Jl. Raya Bogor Kilometer 47, Cibinong, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Akmal Akmal
- Research Center for Fishery, National Research and Innovation Agency (NRIA), Jl. Raya Bogor Kilometer 47, Cibinong, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Syachuddin
- Research Center for Fishery, National Research and Innovation Agency (NRIA), Jl. Raya Bogor Kilometer 47, Cibinong, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Kamariah Kamariah
- Research Center for Fishery, National Research and Innovation Agency (NRIA), Jl. Raya Bogor Kilometer 47, Cibinong, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Erna Ratnawati
- Research Center for Fishery, National Research and Innovation Agency (NRIA), Jl. Raya Bogor Kilometer 47, Cibinong, West Java, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Ilman
- Yayasan Konservasi Alam Nusantara (YKAN), Graha Iskandarsyah, Lt. 3, Jl. Iskandarsyah Raya No.66C, Jakarta, 12160, Indonesia
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Metz R, Kumar N, Schenkeveld WDC, Obst M, Voegelin A, Mangold S, Kraemer SM. Effect of Oxidation on Vivianite Dissolution Rates and Mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58. [PMID: 39151023 PMCID: PMC11360369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
The interest in the mineral vivianite (Fe3(PO4)2·8H2O) as a more sustainable P resource has grown significantly in recent years owing to its efficient recovery from wastewater and its potential use as a P fertilizer. Vivianite is metastable in oxic environments and readily oxidizes. As dissolution and oxidation occur concurrently, the impact of oxidation on the dissolution rate and mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we disentangled the oxidation and dissolution of vivianite to develop a quantitative and mechanistic understanding of dissolution rates and mechanisms under oxic conditions. Controlled batch and flow-through experiments with pristine and preoxidized vivianite were conducted to systematically investigate the effect of oxidation on vivianite dissolution at various pH-values and temperatures. Using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy techniques, we demonstrated that oxidation of vivianite generated a core-shell structure with a passivating oxidized amorphous Fe(III)-PO4 surface layer and a pristine vivianite core, leading to diffusion-controlled oxidation kinetics. Initial (<1 h) dissolution rates and concomitant P and Fe release (∼48 h) decreased strongly with increasing degree of oxidation (0-≤ 100%). Both increasing temperature (5-75 °C) and pH (5-9) accelerated oxidation, and, consequently, slowed down dissolution kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouven Metz
- Centre
for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department for
Environmental Geosciences, University of
Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Soil
Chemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Walter D. C. Schenkeveld
- Soil
Chemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Obst
- Experimental
Biogeochemistry, BayCEER, University of
Bayreuth, Dr. Hans-Frisch-Straße 1-3, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Andreas Voegelin
- Swiss
Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Department of
Water Resources and Drinking Water, Eawag, Ueberlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Mangold
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology, Institute for Photon
Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stephan M. Kraemer
- Centre
for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Department for
Environmental Geosciences, University of
Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Labulo AH, David OA, Hassan I, Oseghale CO, Terna AD, Olawuni I, Ndamadu DT, Ajewole TO. Mobility inhibition of arsenic in the soil: the role of green synthesized silica nanoparticles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2024; 26:1683-1690. [PMID: 38712857 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2348044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The studies showed the effectiveness of green-synthesized SiO2NPs in mitigating the toxicity of Arsenic. Density Functional Theory (DFT) is a computational method used to determine electronic structure, energy gap, and toxicity prediction. Experimentally, silicon nanoparticles of 0 (S0) and 100% v/v (S100) were applied to the surface of the soil. 150 mL of Arsenic trioxide was applied twice at a rate of 0 (As0) and 3.2 g/mL (As3.2) at an interval of three weeks. Green synthesized SiO2NPs possessed a higher chemical potential (µ) and electrophilicity index; consequently, charges could be transferred and easily polarized. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels of the green synthesized SiO2NPs enable them to donate electrons and complex with arsenic, reducing their bioavailability and toxicity. Evidence from the studies further showed that SiO2NPs had buffered the soil acidity and electric conductivity, posing a high binding site and reactivity with exchangeable cations and micronutrients due to their smaller energy gap. Furthermore, the catalytic activities of the soil enzymes dehydrogenase (DHA) and peroxidase (POD) were greatly increased, which enhanced the electrostatic interaction between the SiO2NPs and As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayomide H Labulo
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lafia, Lafia, Nigeria
| | - Oyinade A David
- Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Plant Environmental Signalling and Development, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS (Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lafia, Lafia, Nigeria
| | | | - Augustine D Terna
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Owerri, Nigeria
| | - Idowu Olawuni
- Department of Biochemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Divine T Ndamadu
- Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Tolulope O Ajewole
- Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Barbosa LAP, Stein M, Gerke HH, Schaller J. Synergistic effects of organic carbon and silica in preserving structural stability of drying soils. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8330. [PMID: 38594287 PMCID: PMC11004191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58916-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Predicted climate warming and prolonged droughts pose a threat to the soil structure as organic carbon losses weaken the stability of soil aggregates. Well-structured soils are important for storage and movement of water, solutes, and air, the development of plant roots, as habitat for soil organisms, and the microbial activity. Structural stability is measured in terms of hydro-mechanical properties. This study compares effects of amorphous silica with those of organic carbon on stability parameters during drying of aggregates from relatively finer- and coarser-textured soils. Silica amendment enhanced the positive effect of organic carbon on structural stability in terms of the tensile strength. Synergistic effects between silica and organic carbon in soil colloids appear to dynamically alter aggregate density and friability (i.e., ability to crumble) during drying. Silica together with organic carbon could help soil management to reduce negative effects of predicted prolonged droughts on soil structure and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alfredo Pires Barbosa
- Research Area 1 "Landscape Functioning", Working Group "Silicon Biogeochemistry", Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Strasse 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany.
| | - Mathias Stein
- Research Area 1 "Landscape Functioning", Working Group "Silicon Biogeochemistry", Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Strasse 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Horst H Gerke
- Research Area 1 "Landscape Functioning", Working Group "Silicon Biogeochemistry", Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Strasse 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Schaller
- Research Area 1 "Landscape Functioning", Working Group "Silicon Biogeochemistry", Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Strasse 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
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Yan X, Chen X, Zhang S, Muneer MA, Xu X, Ma C, Cai Y, Cui Z, Chen X, Wu L, Zhang F. Fertilization as the most critical factor affecting yield response and agronomic efficiency of phosphorus in Chinese rice production: evidence from multi-location field trials. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:7816-7828. [PMID: 37450651 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficient utilization of phosphorus (P) has been a major challenge for sustainable agriculture. However, the responses of fertilizer rate, region, soil properties, cropping systems and genotypes to P have not been investigated comprehensively and systematically. RESULTS A comprehensive analysis of 9863 fertilizer-P experiments on rice cultivation in China showed that rice yield increased first and then fell down with the addition of P fertilizer, and the highest yield of 7963 kg ha-1 was observed under 100% P treatment. Under 100% P treatment, the yield response of applied P (YRP ) and agronomic efficiency of applied P (AEP ) were 12.8% and 30.1 kg ha-1 , respectively. Lower soil pH (< 5.5) and organic matter (< 30.0 g kg-1 ) were associated with lower YRP and AEP . By contrast, soil available P < 25.0 mg kg-1 resulted in decreased YRP (15.3 to 11.4%) and AEP (32.3 kg kg-1 to 26.2 kg kg-1 ), whereas soil available P > 25.0 mg kg-1 maintained the relatively stable YRP and AEP . Also, the YRP and AEP were significantly higher for single-cropping rice compared to other cropping systems. Moreover, the rice genotypes such as 'Longdun', 'Kendao' and 'Jigeng' had higher YRP and AEP than the average value. Overall, the fertilizer-P rate was the primary factor affecting YRP and AEP , and the recommended P fertilizer rate can be reduced by 9-21 kg P ha-1 compared to existing expert recommendations. CONCLUSION The present study highlights the role of fertilizer-P rate in maximizing the YRP and AEP , thereby providing a strong basis for future fertilizer management in rice cultivation systems. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Yan
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Research Centre of Phosphorous Efficient Utilization and Water Environment Protection along the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Siwen Zhang
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Atif Muneer
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiuzhu Xu
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Changcheng Ma
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuanyang Cai
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhenling Cui
- National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinping Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liangquan Wu
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Research Centre of Phosphorous Efficient Utilization and Water Environment Protection along the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Negasa G, Tadesse K, Gerenfes D, Habte D, Debebe A, Chemeda M, Adugna G. Impact of silicate fertilizer on soil properties and yield of bread wheat in Nitisols of tropical environment. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22933. [PMID: 38058445 PMCID: PMC10696210 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Soil acidity and depletion of essential plant nutrients are among the major abiotic stresses that constrained wheat productivity in Ethiopia. Silicates and silicate by-products can be used as alternative source for amendment of soil acidity and improvement of crop yields. Surface application of water-soluble silicate fertilizer alone and the integrated application with full does of recommended N and P from mineral fertilizers can reduce the extent of soil acidity and improve phosphorous availability in the soil, soil pH and exchangeable acidity and can enhance the yield attributes and yield of bread wheat. A field experiment was conducted under rain-fed condition from July to December of 2020 to evaluate the role of soil and foliar application of water-soluble silicate fertilizer without and with reduced or full doses of recommended nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) (RNP) from mineral fertilizers on soils chemical attributes, yield components and yield of bread wheat sown under moderately to strongly acidic condition in southeastern Ethiopia. Methods The experiment comprised sole silicate (40 kg + 18 L/ha-1), and its integration with full dose of RNP (92-30 kg N-P ha-1), three quarters dose of RNP (69-23 kg N-P ha-1) and half dose of RNP (46-15 kg N-P ha-1) from mineral fertilizers. Full dose of RNP from mineral fertilizers and a negative control with no silicate and mineral fertilizer inputs included as controls, resulting in a total of six treatments. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design, replicated three times. Results The combined application of silicate with mineral fertilizers significantly influenced soil properties, yield attributes and yield of bread wheat. Integrated applications of silicate fertilizers and full dose of RNP increased grain yield, biomass yield, and available soil P by 108, 115, and 23 % respectively relative to untreated soil. Conclusions Integration of silicate with mineral fertilizers can be considered as a viable and alternative option for acid soils amendment. Generally, the result of the current study revealed that combined application of water soluble granular and liquid silicate at the rate of (40 kg + 18 L)/ha with full dose of recommended nitrogen (92 kg ha-1) and phosphorus (30 kg ha-1) significantly reduced exchangeable acidity, tended to increase soil reaction, increased available soil phosphorus content and boosted yield of bread wheat compared to their sole applications. Thus, application of water-soluble silicate fertilizer with recommended rate of nitrogen and phosphorus is better in enhancing plant nutrition and yield of bread wheat in the highlands of Ethiopia and other similar agro-ecologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gobena Negasa
- Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O.Box 489, Kulumsa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassu Tadesse
- Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O.Box 489, Kulumsa, Ethiopia
| | - Dugasa Gerenfes
- Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O.Box 489, Kulumsa, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Habte
- Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O.Box 489, Kulumsa, Ethiopia
| | - Anbessie Debebe
- Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O.Box 489, Kulumsa, Ethiopia
| | - Mengistu Chemeda
- Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O.Box 489, Kulumsa, Ethiopia
| | - Getnet Adugna
- Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O.Box- 436, Melkassa, Ethiopia
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Jin C, Yang J, Chen B, Qu G, Li H, Wu F, Liu X, Liu Y, Kuang L, Li J. Soilization utilization of solid waste: Ecological regulation of phosphorus tailings-based soil with physicochemical improvement and Bacillus_cereus-addition. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116856. [PMID: 37574102 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Extraction and utilization of effective phosphorus from solid waste have been an important approach for alleviating phosphorus resource shortage. The extraction of available phosphorus by microbial method with low cost, mild conditions and simple process has been drawing attention from the majority of research scholars. However, relevant studies on special microbial communities for effective phosphorus extraction from solid waste are less. In this work,a functional Bacillus_cereus strain screened from phosphate tailings, phosphate ore and forest rhizosphere soil was inoculated into phosphate tailings (PT), modified phosphate tailings (IS) and highland red soil (SS). Compared with SS, the water-holding properties, fertility, leaching toxicity and microbial community diversity of PT and IS with and without bacteria were analyzed. PT+, SS+ and IS+ (after adding bacteria to PT, SS and IS) showed moderately alkaline pH, and the available phosphorus content enhanced by 31.73%, 20.05% and 39.41% respectively. The leaching toxicity phosphate of PT+ and IS + decreased by 4.89 mg/kg and 2.61 mg/kg respectively, while that of SS + increased by 5.45 mg/kg, indicating differences in the phosphorus solubilization mechanism of Bacillus_cereus for different soils. Furthermore, the modification and bacteria treatment improved the relative abundance of Pedobacter, Alcaligenaceae and Pseudomonas, thus enhancing the phosphorus solubility of the PT bacterial community. This work may achieve efficient utilization and ecological restoration of phosphorus tailings-based soil and contribute to long-term sustainable agricultural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyue Jin
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jieqian Yang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Bangjin Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Guangfei Qu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Hailin Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Fenghui Wu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Lingrui Kuang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Junyan Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; National Regional Engineering Research Center-NCW, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
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Anjum M, Prakash NB. Production of phytolith and PhytOC and distribution of extractable Si Pools in aerobic rice as influenced by different Si sources. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1146416. [PMID: 37692442 PMCID: PMC10486906 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1146416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytoliths are composed of 66 to 91% SiO2 and 1 to 6% organic carbon (C) known as phytolith occluded carbon (PhytOC). PhytOC is critical for long-term C storage in the agroecosystem. A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of three different sources of exogenous Si, i.e., diatomaceous earth (DE), silicic acid (SA) and rice husk biochar (RHB) on 1) plant phytolith, C content in phytolith and PhytOC content in different rice organs; 2) relationship between plant phytolith, C content in phytolith, PhytOC content, and soil properties (soil physicochemical properties and readily soluble silicon pools). Different Si sources produced significantly higher phytolith, PhytOC content, and readily soluble Si pools (CCSi, AASi, and ASi) than the control (RDF), with treatment receiving 4 t RHB ha-1 outperforming the other treatments. Phytolith and PhytOC production were found to be significantly correlated to soil organic carbon (OC), available nitrogen (N) and potassium (K), 0.01 M CaCl2 extractable Si (CCSi) and amorphous Si (ASi) content in the soil. Redundancy analysis showed that treatments receiving 4 t RHB ha-1 have a stronger relationship with the CCSi and ASi which majorly contributed to the higher phytolith and PhytOC production. Thus, practices such as Si fertilizers and RHB application have a high potential for phytolith production and PhytOC sequestration, a critical mechanism of the global biogeochemical C sink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsina Anjum
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India
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10
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Yu YH, Du CM, Yang X. Recovery of phosphorus from steelmaking slag and phosphate tailings by a collaborative processing method. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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Schaller J, Stimmler P, Göckede M, Augustin J, Lacroix F, Hoffmann M. Arctic soil CO 2 release during freeze-thaw cycles modulated by silicon and calcium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161943. [PMID: 36731574 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Arctic soils are the largest pool of soil organic carbon worldwide. Temperatures in the Arctic have risen faster than the global average during the last decades, decreasing annual freezing days and increasing the number of freeze-thaw cycles (temperature oscillations passing through zero degrees) per year as the temperature is expected to fluctuate more around 0 °C. At the same time, proceeding deepening of seasonal thaw may increase silicon (Si) and calcium (Ca) concentrations in the active layer of Arctic soils as the concentrations in the thawing permafrost layer might be higher depending on location. We analyzed the importance of freeze-thaw cycles for Arctic soil CO2 fluxes. Furthermore, we tested how Si (mobilizing organic C) and Ca (immobilizing organic C) interfere with the soil CO2 fluxes in the context of freeze-thaw cycles. Our results show that with each freeze-thaw cycle the CO2 fluxes from the Arctic soils decreased. Our data revealed a considerable CO2 emission below 0 °C. We also show that pronounced differences emerge in Arctic soil CO2 fluxes with Si increasing and Ca decreasing CO2 fluxes. Furthermore, we show that both Si and Ca concentrations in Arctic soils are central controls on Arctic soil CO2 release, with Si increasing Arctic soil CO2 release especially when temperatures are just below 0 °C. Our findings could provide an important constraint on soil CO2 emissions upon soil thaw, as well as on the greenhouse gas budget of high latitudes. Thus we call for work improving understanding of freeze-thaw cycles as well as the effect of Ca and Si on carbon fluxes, as well as for increased consideration of those factors in wide-scale assessments of carbon fluxes in the high latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Schaller
- Leibniz Center for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany.
| | - Peter Stimmler
- Leibniz Center for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Augustin
- Leibniz Center for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Fabrice Lacroix
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany; Climate and Environmental Physics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Hoffmann
- Leibniz Center for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
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12
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Luchese AV, Gutz de Castro Leite IJ, da Silva Giaretta AP, Alves ML, Pivetta LA, Missio RF. Use of quarry waste basalt rock powder as a soil remineralizer to grow soybean and maize. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14050. [PMID: 36925542 PMCID: PMC10011191 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Production costs in Brazilian agriculture have increased with the rising prices of imported soluble fertilizers. To circumvent this import dependence, low-cost indigenous nutrient sources have been tested, including basalt rock powder (BRP). In this study, we assessed BRP and limestone effects on soil fertility, and soybean and maize dry mass (DM) accumulation. Four greenhouse pots experiments were arranged in a 2 × 4 factorial design with two soils (Clay and Sandy Clay Loam) and four doses of each material (0, 33, 66, and 99 Mg ha-1 BRP and 0, 1, 2, and 4 Mg ha-1 limestone), evaluated in two species (soybean and maize). At the end of the experiments, DM, shoot P and K concentrations, and soil pH and P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations were assessed as a function of BRP and limestone application. Applying BRP increased DM production and improved soil fertility parameters such as pH, and Ca and P concentrations, with leaf P content also increasing. Meanwhile, limestone only triggered significant changes in pH and soil Ca content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Vaghetti Luchese
- Department of Agronomic Sciences, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Setor Palotina, Rua Pioneiro, 2153, Jd Dallas, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ivone Janete Gutz de Castro Leite
- Department of Agronomic Sciences, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Setor Palotina, Rua Pioneiro, 2153, Jd Dallas, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula da Silva Giaretta
- Department of Agronomic Sciences, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Setor Palotina, Rua Pioneiro, 2153, Jd Dallas, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mylena Linhares Alves
- Department of Agronomic Sciences, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Setor Palotina, Rua Pioneiro, 2153, Jd Dallas, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Laércio Augusto Pivetta
- Department of Agronomic Sciences, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Setor Palotina, Rua Pioneiro, 2153, Jd Dallas, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Robson Fernando Missio
- Department of Agronomic Sciences, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Setor Palotina, Rua Pioneiro, 2153, Jd Dallas, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Setor Palotina, Rua Pioneiro, 2153, Jd Dallas, Palotina, Paraná, Brazil
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13
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Labancová E, Vivodová Z, Šípošová K, Kollárová K. Silicon Actuates Poplar Calli Tolerance after Longer Exposure to Antimony. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:689. [PMID: 36771773 PMCID: PMC9919072 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The presence of antimony (Sb) in high concentrations in the environment is recognized as an emerging problem worldwide. The toxicity of Sb in plant tissues is known; however, new methods of plant tolerance improvement must be addressed. Here, poplar callus (Populus alba L. var. pyramidallis) exposed to Sb(III) in 0.2 mM concentration and/or to silicon (Si) in 5 mM concentration was cultivated in vitro to determine the impact of Sb/Si interaction in the tissue. The Sb and Si uptake, growth, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol-peroxidase (G-POX), nutrient concentrations, and the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments were investigated. To elucidate the action of Si during the Sb-induced stress, the impact of short and long cultivations was determined. Silicon decreased the accumulation of Sb in the calli, regardless of the length of the cultivation (by approx. 34%). Antimony lowered the callus biomass (by approx. 37%) and decreased the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments (up to 78.5%) and nutrients in the tissue (up to 21.7%). Silicon supported the plant tolerance to Sb via the modification of antioxidant enzyme activity, which resulted in higher biomass production (increased by approx. 35%) and a higher uptake of nutrients from the media (increased by approx. 10%). Silicon aided the development of Sb-tolerance over the longer cultivation period. These results are key in understanding the action of Si-developed tolerance against metalloids.
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14
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Raza T, Abbas M, Amna, Imran S, Khan MY, Rebi A, Rafie-Rad Z, Eash NS. Impact of Silicon on Plant Nutrition and Significance of Silicon Mobilizing Bacteria in Agronomic Practices. SILICON 2023; 15:3797-3817. [PMCID: PMC9876760 DOI: 10.1007/s12633-023-02302-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Globally, rejuvenation of soil health is a major concern due to the continuous loss of soil fertility and productivity. Soil degradation decreases crop yields and threatens global food security. Improper use of chemical fertilizers coupled with intensive cultivation further reduces both soil health and crop yields. Plants require several nutrients in varying ratios that are essential for the plant to complete a healthy growth and development cycle. Soil, water, and air are the sources of these essential macro- and micro-nutrients needed to complete plant vegetative and reproductive cycles. Among the essential macro-nutrients, nitrogen (N) plays a significant in non-legume species and without sufficient plant access to N lower yields result. While silicon (Si) is the 2nd most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and is the backbone of soil silicate minerals, it is an essential micro-nutrient for some plants. Silicon is just beginning to be recognized as an important micronutrient to some plant species and, while it is quite abundant, Si is often not readily available for plant uptake. The manufacturing cost of synthetic silica-based fertilizers is high, while absorption of silica is quite slow in soil for many plants. Rhizosphere biological weathering processes includes microbial solubilization processes that increase the dissolution of minerals and increases Si availability for plant uptake. Therefore, an important strategy to improve plant silicon uptake could be field application of Si-solubilizing bacteria. In this review, we evaluate the role of Si in seed germination, growth, and morphological development and crop yield under various biotic and abiotic stresses, different pools and fluxes of silicon (Si) in soil, and the bacterial genera of the silicon solubilizing microorganisms. We also elaborate on the detailed mechanisms of Si-solubilizing/mobilizing bacteria involved in silicate dissolution and uptake by a plant in soil. Last, we discuss the potential of silicon and silicon solubilizing/mobilizing to achieve environmentally friendly and sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taqi Raza
- Department of Biosystems Engineering & Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | | | - Amna
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shakeel Imran
- UAF Sub Campus Burewala, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yahya Khan
- UAF Sub Campus Burewala, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ansa Rebi
- Jianshui Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Zeinab Rafie-Rad
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Neal S. Eash
- Department of Biosystems Engineering & Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
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15
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Silicon as a potential limiting factor for phosphorus availability in paddy soils. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16329. [PMID: 36175535 PMCID: PMC9521874 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20805-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice cultivation requires high amounts of phosphorus (P). However, significant amounts of P fertilizer additions may be retained by iron (Fe) oxides and are thus unavailable for plants. At the same time, rice cultivation has a high demand for silicic acid (Si), reducing Si availability after short duration of rice cultivation. By studying a paddy chronosequence with rice cultivation up to 2000 years, we show that Si limitation, observed as early as a few decades of rice cultivation, is limiting P availability along the paddy soils chronosequence. Using near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS) in a scanning transmission (soft) X-ray microscope (STXM) we show release of available P was linked to a Si-induced change in speciation of Fe-phases in soil particles and competition of Si with P for binding sites. Hence, low Si availability is limiting P availability in paddy soils. We propose that proper management of Si availability is a promising tool to improve the P supply of paddy plants.
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16
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Alam K, Biswas DR, Bhattacharyya R, Das D, Suman A, Das TK, Paul RK, Ghosh A, Sarkar A, Kumar R, Chawla G. Recycling of silicon-rich agro-wastes by their combined application with phosphate solubilizing microbe to solubilize the native soil phosphorus in a sub-tropical Alfisol. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 318:115559. [PMID: 35753129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It is imperative to find suitable strategies to utilize the native soil phosphorus (P), as natural rock phosphate deposits are at a verge of depletion. We explored two such cost-effective and eco-friendly strategies for native soil P solubilization: silicon (Si)-rich agro-wastes (as Si source) and phosphate solubilizing microorganism (PSM). An incubation study was conducted in a sub-tropical Alfisol for 90 days at 25 °C under field capacity moisture. A factorial completely randomized design with 3 factors, namely: Si sources (three levels: sugarcane bagasse ash, rice husk ash, and corn cob ash), PSM (two levels: without PSM, and with PSM); and Si doses [three levels: no Si (Si0), 125 (Si125) and 250 (Si250) mg Si kg-1 soil] was followed. The PSM increased solution P and soluble Si level by ∼22.2 and 1.88%, respectively, over no PSM; whereas, Si125 and Si250 increased solution P by ∼60.4 and 77.1%, as well as soluble Si by ∼41.5 and 55.5%, respectively, over Si0. Also, interaction of PSM × Si doses was found significant (P<0.05). Activities of soil enzymes (dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase) and microbial biomass P also increased significantly both with PSM and Si application. Overall, PSM solubilized ∼4.18 mg kg-1 of inorganic P and mineralized ∼5.92 mg kg-1 of organic P; whereas, Si125 and Si250 solubilized ∼3.85 and 5.72 mg kg-1 of inorganic P, and mineralized ∼4.15 and 5.37 mg kg-1 of organic P, respectively. Path analysis revealed that inorganic P majorly contributed to total P solubilization; whereas, soluble and loosely bound, iron bound and aluminium bound P significantly influenced the inorganic P solubilization. Thus, utilization of such wastes as Si sources will not only complement the costly P fertilizers, but also address the waste disposal issue in a sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurshid Alam
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry (SSAC), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Dipak Ranjan Biswas
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry (SSAC), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Ranjan Bhattacharyya
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Debarup Das
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry (SSAC), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Archna Suman
- Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Das
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Ranjit Kumar Paul
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Avijit Ghosh
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry (SSAC), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India; ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, 284003, India
| | - Abhijit Sarkar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462038, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Gautam Chawla
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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17
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Stimmler P, Priemé A, Elberling B, Goeckede M, Schaller J. Arctic soil respiration and microbial community structure driven by silicon and calcium. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156152. [PMID: 35609699 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Global warming is most pronounced in the Arctic region. Greenhouse gas (GHG) release from Arctic soils increase due to global warming. By this, the Arctic may change from currently being a carbon sink to a future source. To improve accurate predictions of future GHG release from Arctic soils, it is important to unravel factors controlling both the microbial community structure and activity. Soil microbial activity is important for Arctic greenhouse gas production, but depends on soil conditions such as salinity being increased by calcium (Ca) and decreased by amorphous silica (Si) potentially enhancing water availability. In the Arctic, climate changes may alter salinity by changing Si and Ca concentrations upon permafrost thaw as a result of global warming with Si potentially decreasing and Ca potentially increasing salinity. Here, we show that higher Si concentration increased and higher Ca concentrations decreased the microbial CO2 production for both a salt-poor and a salt-rich soil from Greenland. In the salt-rich soil, Si amendment increased CO2 production and the abundance of gram-negative bacteria. However, the bacterial community became dominated by spore-forming gram-positive Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. The CO2 release from soils was directly affected by the abundance of bacteria and fungi, and their community structure. Our results highlight the importance of the soil Si and Ca concentration on organic carbon turnover by strongly changing microbial abundance and community structure, with consequences for CO2 release in the Arctic. Consequently, Ca and Si and their relation to Arctic soil microbial community structure has to be considered when estimating pan-Arctic carbon budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Stimmler
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany.
| | - Anders Priemé
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Permafrost, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Bo Elberling
- Center for Permafrost, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Joerg Schaller
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany.
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18
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Comparing amorphous silica, short-range-ordered silicates and silicic acid species by FTIR. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11708. [PMID: 35810178 PMCID: PMC9271067 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15882-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increased interest in the terrestrial silicon cycle in the last decades as its different compounds and species have large implications for ecosystem performance in terms of soil nutrient and water availability, ecosystem productivity as well as ecological aspects such as plant–microbe and plant-animal feedbacks. The currently existing analytical methods are limited. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis is suggested being a promising tool to differentiate between the different Si species. We report here on the differentiation of varying Si-species/Si-binding (in synthetic material) using FTIR-analyses. Therefore, we collected FTIR-spectra of five different amorphous silica, Ca-silicate, sodium silicate (all particulate), a water-soluble fraction of amorphous silica and soil affected by volcanic activity and compared their spectra with existing data. A decrease of the internal order of the materials analyzed was indicated by peak broadening of the Si–O–Si absorption band. Peak shifts at this absorption band were induced by larger ions incorporated in the Si–O–Si network. Additionally, short-range ordered aluminosilicates (SROAS) have specific IR absorption bands such as the Si–O–Al band. Hence, SROAS and Si phases containing other ions can be distinguished from pure amorphous Si species using FTIR-analyses.
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19
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Lindner GG, Drexel CP, Sälzer K, Schuster TB, Krueger N. Comparison of Biogenic Amorphous Silicas Found in Common Horsetail and Oat Husk With Synthetic Amorphous Silicas. Front Public Health 2022; 10:909196. [PMID: 35812489 PMCID: PMC9257020 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.909196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study summarizes the current literature on the presence and the structure of biogenic amorphous silica (BAS) in nature. Based on this review, it is shown that BAS is ubiquitous in nature and exhibits a structure that cannot be differentiated from the structure of synthetic amorphous silica (SAS). The structural similarity of BAS and SAS is further supported by our investigations—in particular, specific surface area (BET) and electron microscope techniques—on oat husk and common horsetail. Many food products containing BAS are considered to be beneficial to health. In the context of the use of SAS in specific applications (e.g., food, feed, and cosmetics), this is of particular interest for discussions of the safety of these uses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katrin Sälzer
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Smart Materials, Hanau, Germany
| | | | - Nils Krueger
- Evonik Operations GmbH, Smart Materials, Hanau, Germany
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20
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Verma KK, Song XP, Joshi A, Tian DD, Rajput VD, Singh M, Arora J, Minkina T, Li YR. Recent Trends in Nano-Fertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture under Climate Change for Global Food Security. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:173. [PMID: 35010126 PMCID: PMC8746782 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nano-fertilizers (NFs) significantly improve soil quality and plant growth performance and enhance crop production with quality fruits/grains. The management of macro-micronutrients is a big task globally, as it relies predominantly on synthetic chemical fertilizers which may not be environmentally friendly for human beings and may be expensive for farmers. NFs may enhance nutrient uptake and plant production by regulating the availability of fertilizers in the rhizosphere; extend stress resistance by improving nutritional capacity; and increase plant defense mechanisms. They may also substitute for synthetic fertilizers for sustainable agriculture, being found more suitable for stimulation of plant development. They are associated with mitigating environmental stresses and enhancing tolerance abilities under adverse atmospheric eco-variables. Recent trends in NFs explored relevant agri-technology to fill the gaps and assure long-term beneficial agriculture strategies to safeguard food security globally. Accordingly, nanoparticles are emerging as a cutting-edge agri-technology for agri-improvement in the near future. Interestingly, they do confer stress resistance capabilities to crop plants. The effective and appropriate mechanisms are revealed in this article to update researchers widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan K. Verma
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Xiu-Peng Song
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Abhishek Joshi
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan, India; (A.J.); (J.A.)
| | - Dan-Dan Tian
- Institute of Biotechnology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Vishnu D. Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (V.D.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Munna Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, Uttar Pradesh, India;
| | - Jaya Arora
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan, India; (A.J.); (J.A.)
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (V.D.R.); (T.M.)
| | - Yang-Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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21
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Costa MG, dos Santos Sarah MM, de Mello Prado R, Palaretti LF, de Cássia Piccolo M, de Souza Júnior JP. Impact of Si on C, N, and P stoichiometric homeostasis favors nutrition and stem dry mass accumulation in sugarcane cultivated in tropical soils with different water regimes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:949909. [PMID: 35968098 PMCID: PMC9372460 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.949909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Studies with silicon (Si) in sugarcane indicate a greater response in productivity in plants under stress, and the underlying mechanisms of Si in the crop are poorly reported. In this context, the benefits of Si in the crop's stem production are expected to occur at the C:N:P stoichiometry level in plant tissues, benefiting plants with and without stress. However, the extension of this response may vary in different soils. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate if fertigation with Si modifies the C:N:P stoichiometry and if it can increase sugarcane's nutritional efficiency and vegetative and productive parameters. Therefore, three experiments were installed using pre-sprouted seedlings to cultivate sugarcane in tropical soils belonging to the Quartzarenic Neosol, Eutrophic Red Latosol, and Dystrophic Red Latosol classes. The treatments comprised a 2 × 2 factorial scheme in each soil. The first factor was composed without water restriction (water retention = 70%; AWD) and with water restriction (water retention = 35%; PWD). The second factor presented Si concentrations (0 mM and 1.8 mM) arranged in randomized blocks with five replications. Fertigation with Si increases the Si and P concentration, the C and N efficiency, the C:N ratio, and the dry mass production. However, it decreases the C and N concentration and the C:P, C:Si, and N:P ratios in sugarcane leaves and stems regardless of the water regime adopted in the three tropical soils. Cluster and principal components analysis indicated that the intensity of the beneficial effects of Si fertigation on sugarcane plants varies depending on the cultivation soil and water conditions. We found that Si can be used in sugarcane with and without water stress. It changes the C:N:P homeostasis enough to improve the nutritional efficiency of C, P, N, and, consequently, the dry mass accumulation on the stems, with variation in the different cultivated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Garcia Costa
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Milton Garcia Costa,
| | | | - Renato de Mello Prado
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fabiano Palaretti
- Laboratory of Irrigation, Department of Rural Engineering, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marisa de Cássia Piccolo
- Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling, Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jonas Pereira de Souza Júnior
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Song A, Li Z, Wang E, Xu D, Wang S, Bi J, Wang H, Jeyakumar P, Li Z, Fan F. Supplying silicon alters microbial community and reduces soil cadmium bioavailability to promote health wheat growth and yield. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148797. [PMID: 34273835 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil amendments of black bone (BB), biochar (BC), silicon fertilizer (SI), and leaf fertilizer (LF) play vital roles in decreasing cadmium (Cd) availability, thereby supporting healthy plant growth and food security in agroecosystems. However, the effect of their additions on soil microbial community and the resulting soil Cd bioavailability, plant Cd uptake and health growth are still unknown. Therefore, in this study, BB, BC, SI, and LF were selected to evaluate Cd amelioration in wheat grown in Cd-contaminated soils. The results showed that relative to the control, all amendments significantly decreased both soil Cd bioavailability and its uptake in plant tissues, promoting healthy wheat growth and yield. This induced-decrease effect in seeds was the most obvious, wherein the effect was the highest in SI (52.54%), followed by LF (43.31%), and lowest in BC (35.24%) and BB (31.98%). Moreover, the induced decrease in soil Cd bioavailability was the highest in SI (29.56%), followed by BC (28.85%), lowest in LF (17.55%), and BB (15.30%). The significant effect in SI likely resulted from a significant increase in both the soil bioavailable Si and microbial community (Acidobacteria and Thaumarchaeota), which significantly decreased soil Cd bioavailability towards plant roots. In particular, a co-occurrence network analysis indicated that soil microbes played a substantial role in wheat yield under Si amendment. Therefore, supplying Si alters the soil microbial community, positively and significantly interacting with soil bioavailable Si and decreasing Cd bioavailability in soils, thereby sustaining healthy crop development and food quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alin Song
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zimin Li
- Earth and Life Institute, Soil Sciences, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.10, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Enzhao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Duanyang Xu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Sai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jingjing Bi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Paramsothy Jeyakumar
- Environmental Sciences, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Zhongyang Li
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China.
| | - Fenliang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Schaller J, Scherwietes E, Gerber L, Vaidya S, Kaczorek D, Pausch J, Barkusky D, Sommer M, Hoffmann M. Silica fertilization improved wheat performance and increased phosphorus concentrations during drought at the field scale. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20852. [PMID: 34675299 PMCID: PMC8531131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00464-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought and the availability of mineable phosphorus minerals used for fertilization are two of the important issues agriculture is facing in the future. High phosphorus availability in soils is necessary to maintain high agricultural yields. Drought is one of the major threats for terrestrial ecosystem performance and crop production in future. Among the measures proposed to cope with the upcoming challenges of intensifying drought stress and to decrease the need for phosphorus fertilizer application is the fertilization with silica (Si). Here we tested the importance of soil Si fertilization on wheat phosphorus concentration as well as wheat performance during drought at the field scale. Our data clearly showed a higher soil moisture for the Si fertilized plots. This higher soil moisture contributes to a better plant performance in terms of higher photosynthetic activity and later senescence as well as faster stomata responses ensuring higher productivity during drought periods. The plant phosphorus concentration was also higher in Si fertilized compared to control plots. Overall, Si fertilization or management of the soil Si pools seem to be a promising tool to maintain crop production under predicted longer and more serve droughts in the future and reduces phosphorus fertilizer requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Schaller
- "Silicon Biogeochemistry" Working Group, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374, Müncheberg, Germany.
| | | | - Lukas Gerber
- University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Shrijana Vaidya
- "Isotope Biogeochemistry and Gas Fluxes" Working Group, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Danuta Kaczorek
- "Landscape Pedology" Working Group, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | | | - Dietmar Barkusky
- "Experimental Infrastructure Platform", Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Michael Sommer
- "Silicon Biogeochemistry" Working Group, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374, Müncheberg, Germany.,Institute of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mathias Hoffmann
- "Isotope Biogeochemistry and Gas Fluxes" Working Group, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
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24
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O'Connor J, Nguyen TBT, Honeyands T, Monaghan B, O'Dea D, Rinklebe J, Vinu A, Hoang SA, Singh G, Kirkham MB, Bolan N. Production, characterisation, utilisation, and beneficial soil application of steel slag: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126478. [PMID: 34323725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Slags are a co-product produced by the steel manufacturing industry and have mainly been utilised for aggregates in concreting and road construction. The increased utilisation of slag can increase economic growth and sustainability for future generations by creating a closed-loop system, circular economy within the metallurgical industries. Slags can be used as a soil amendment, and slag characteristics may reduce leachate potential of heavy metals, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, as well as contain essential nutrients required for agricultural use and environmental remediation. This review aims to examine various slag generation processes in steel plants, their physicochemical characteristics in relation to beneficial utilisation as a soil amendment, and environmental implications and risk assessment of their utilisation in agricultural soils. In relation to enhancing recycling of these resources, current and emerging techniques to separate iron and phosphorus slag compositions are also outlined in this review. Although there are no known immediate direct threats posed by slag on human health, the associated risks include potential heavy metal contamination, leachate contamination, and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in plants, thereby reaching the food chain. Further research in this area is required to assess the long-term effects of slag in agricultural soils on animal and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O'Connor
- College of Engineering, Science and Enviornment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources (NIER), University of Newcastle, 70 Vale St, Shortland, NSW 2307, Australia
| | - Thi Bang Tuyen Nguyen
- Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources (NIER), University of Newcastle, 70 Vale St, Shortland, NSW 2307, Australia
| | - Tom Honeyands
- Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources (NIER), University of Newcastle, 70 Vale St, Shortland, NSW 2307, Australia.
| | - Brian Monaghan
- University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Damien O'Dea
- BHP, 480 Queen St, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Son A Hoang
- College of Engineering, Science and Enviornment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Gurwinder Singh
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- College of Engineering, Science and Enviornment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
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25
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Khan I, Awan SA, Rizwan M, Ali S, Hassan MJ, Brestic M, Zhang X, Huang L. Effects of silicon on heavy metal uptake at the soil-plant interphase: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112510. [PMID: 34273846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is the second richest element in the soil and surface of earth crust with a variety of positive roles in soils and plants. Different soil factors influence the Si bioavailability in soil-plant system. The Si involves in the mitigation of various biotic (insect pests and pathogenic diseases) and abiotic stresses (salt, drought, heat, and heavy metals etc.) in plants by improving plant tolerance mechanism at various levels. However, Si-mediated restrictions in heavy metals uptake and translocation from soil to plants and within plants require deep understandings. Recently, Si-based improvements in plant defense system, cell damage repair, cell homeostasis, and regulation of metabolism under heavy metal stress are getting more attention. However, limited knowledge is available on the molecular mechanisms by which Si can reduce the toxicity of heavy metals, their uptake and transfer from soil to plant roots. Thus, this review is focused the following facets in greater detail to provide better understandings about the role of Si at molecular level; (i) how Si improves tolerance in plants to variable environmental conditions, (ii) how biological factors affect Si pools in the soil (iii) how soil properties impact the release and capability of Si to decrease the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil and their accumulation in plant roots; (iv) how Si influences the plant root system with respect to heavy metals uptake or sequestration, root Fe/Mn plaque, root cell wall and compartment; (v) how Si makes complexes with heavy metals and restricts their translocation/transfer in root cell and influences the plant hormonal regulation; (vi) the competition of uptake between Si and heavy metals such as arsenic, aluminum, and cadmium due to similar membrane transporters, and (vii) how Si-mediated regulation of gene expression involves in the uptake, transportation and accumulation of heavy metals by plants and their possible detoxification mechanisms. Furthermore, future research work with respect to mitigation of heavy metal toxicity in plants is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Khan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Samrah Afzal Awan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Jawad Hassan
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Trieda A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Linkai Huang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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26
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Kuhla J, Pausch J, Schaller J. Effect on soil water availability, rather than silicon uptake by plants, explains the beneficial effect of silicon on rice during drought. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:3336-3346. [PMID: 34302368 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Various studies showed a decrease of drought stress specific parameters of plants after silicon (Si) fertilization. But all studies differed in soil Si concentration between the control and Si treatments. As amorphous silica (ASi) was recently found to cause a strong increase of water holding capacity and plant available water in soils, a combined effect of soil moisture and plant response due to Si addition was assumed. In this study, the influence of the soil Si content was excluded by using the same Si enriched soil for treatments of two rice lines, lsi1 mutant defective in Si uptake and its wild-type rice. Most plant parameters, such as nutrient contents, biomass, specific leaf area, specific root length, leaf water content and C allocation did not differ significantly between the genotypes neither under flooded conditions, nor under drought conditions. Only photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were slightly higher for the wild type in both drought and flooded treatments. Overall, our data showed that Si accumulation within the plant tissues has only a minor effect on plant performance under drought stress. Hence, existing studies should be reinterpreted in light of the fact that Si additions may increase soil water availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Kuhla
- Agroecology, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Johanna Pausch
- Agroecology, BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jörg Schaller
- Silicon Biogeochemistry Group, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
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27
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Liang Y, Liao M, Fang Z, Guo J, Xie X, Xu C. How silicon fertilizer improves nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient availability in paddy soil? J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:521-532. [PMID: 34269006 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In order to reveal the mechanism of silicon (Si) fertilizer in improving nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) nutrient availability in paddy soil, we designed a series of soil culture experiments by combining application of varying Si fertilizer concentrations with fixed N and P fertilizer concentrations. Following the recommendations of fertilizer manufacturers and local farmers, we applied Si in concentrations of 0, 5.2, 10.4, 15.6, and 20.8 μg/kg. At each concentration of added Si, the availability of soil N and P nutrients, soil microbial activity, numbers of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and P-decomposing bacteria which means that the organic P is decomposed into inorganic nutrients which can be absorbed and utilized by plants, and urease and phosphatase activity first increased, and then decreased, as Si was added to the soil. These indicators reached their highest levels with a Si application rate of 15.6 μg/kg, showing values respectively 19.78%, 105.09%, 8.34%, 73.12%, 130.36%, 28.12%, and 20.15% higher than those of the controls. Appropriate Si application (10.4 to 15.6 µg/kg) could significantly increase the richness of the soil microbial community involved in cycling of N and P nutrients in the soil. When the Si application rate was 15.6 μg/kg, parameters for characterizing microbial abundance such as sequence numbers, operational taxonomic unit (OTU) number, and correlation indices of microbial community richness such as Chao1 index, the adaptive coherence estimator (ACE) index, Shannon index, and Simpson index all reached maximum values, with amounts increased by 14.46%, 10.01%, 23.80%, 30.54%, 0.18%, and 2.64%, respectively, compared with the control group. There is also a good correlation between N and P mineralization and addition of Si fertilizer. The correlation coefficients between the ratio of available P/total P (AP/TP) and the number of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, AP/TP and acid phosphatase activity (AcPA), AP/TP and the Shannon index, the ratio of available N/total amount of N (AN/TN) and the number of ammoniated bacteria, and AN/TN and AcPA were 0.9290, 0.9508, 0.9202, 0.9140, and 0.9366, respectively. In summary, these results revealed that enhancement of soil microbial community structure diversity and soil microbial activity by appropriate application of Si is the key ecological mechanism by which application of Si fertilizer improves N and P nutrient availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Liang
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Liao
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhiping Fang
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiawen Guo
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaomei Xie
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Environmental and Resources Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changxu Xu
- Institute of Soil & Fertilizer and Resource & Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
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28
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Etesami H, Jeong BR, Glick BR. Contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria, and Silicon to P Uptake by Plant. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:699618. [PMID: 34276750 PMCID: PMC8280758 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.699618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) availability is usually low in soils around the globe. Most soils have a deficiency of available P; if they are not fertilized, they will not be able to satisfy the P requirement of plants. P fertilization is generally recommended to manage soil P deficiency; however, the low efficacy of P fertilizers in acidic and in calcareous soils restricts P availability. Moreover, the overuse of P fertilizers is a cause of significant environmental concerns. However, the use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), and the addition of silicon (Si) are effective and economical ways to improve the availability and efficacy of P. In this review the contributions of Si, PSB, and AMF in improving the P availability is discussed. Based on what is known about them, the combined strategy of using Si along with AMF and PSB may be highly useful in improving the P availability and as a result, its uptake by plants compared to using either of them alone. A better understanding how the two microorganism groups and Si interact is crucial to preserving soil fertility and improving the economic and environmental sustainability of crop production in P deficient soils. This review summarizes and discusses the current knowledge concerning the interactions among AMF, PSB, and Si in enhancing P availability and its uptake by plants in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Etesami
- Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Byoung Ryong Jeong
- Department of Horticulture, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+ Program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Bernard R. Glick
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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29
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Pavlovic J, Kostic L, Bosnic P, Kirkby EA, Nikolic M. Interactions of Silicon With Essential and Beneficial Elements in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:697592. [PMID: 34249069 PMCID: PMC8261142 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.697592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is not classified as an essential element for plants, but numerous studies have demonstrated its beneficial effects in a variety of species and environmental conditions, including low nutrient availability. Application of Si shows the potential to increase nutrient availability in the rhizosphere and root uptake through complex mechanisms, which still remain unclear. Silicon-mediated transcriptional regulation of element transporters for both root acquisition and tissue homeostasis has recently been suggested as an important strategy, varying in detail depending on plant species and nutritional status. Here, we summarize evidence of Si-mediated acquisition, uptake and translocation of nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), boron (B), chlorine (Cl), and nickel (Ni) under both deficiency and excess conditions. In addition, we discuss interactions of Si-with beneficial elements: aluminum (Al), sodium (Na), and selenium (Se). This review also highlights further research needed to improve understanding of Si-mediated acquisition and utilization of nutrients and vice versa nutrient status-mediated Si acquisition and transport, both processes which are of high importance for agronomic practice (e.g., reduced use of fertilizers and pesticides).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Pavlovic
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Kostic
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag Bosnic
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ernest A. Kirkby
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Leeds University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Miroslav Nikolic
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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30
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Liao M, Fang ZP, Liang YQ, Huang XH, Yang X, Chen SS, Xie XM, Xu CX, Guo JW. Effects of supplying silicon nutrient on utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients by rice and its soil ecological mechanism in a hybrid rice double-cropping system. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 21:474-484. [PMID: 32478493 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to reveal the effects of silicon (Si) application on nutrient utilization efficiency by rice and on soil nutrient availability and soil microorganisms in a hybrid rice double-cropping planting system. A series of field experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2018. The results showed that Si nutrient supply improved grain yield and the utilization rates of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to an appropriate level for both early and late plantings, reaching a maximum at 23.4 kg/ha Si. The same trends were found for the ratios of available N (AN) to total N (TN) and available P (AP) to total P (TP), the soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP), and the ratios of MBN to TN and MBP to TP, at different levels of Si. Statistical analysis further revealed that Si application enhanced rice growth and increased the utilization rate of fertilizer due to an ecological mechanism, i.e., Si supply significantly increased the total amount of soil microorganisms in paddy soil compared to the control. This promoted the mineralization of soil nutrients and improved the availability and reserves of easily mineralized organic nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liao
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Fang
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu-Qi Liang
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Huang
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Experimental Teaching Center, College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shu-Sen Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Xie
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Experimental Teaching Center, College of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chang-Xu Xu
- Institute of Soil & Fertilizer and Resource & Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China
| | - Jia-Wen Guo
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, Hangzhou 310058, China
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31
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Katz O, Puppe D, Kaczorek D, Prakash NB, Schaller J. Silicon in the Soil-Plant Continuum: Intricate Feedback Mechanisms within Ecosystems. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:652. [PMID: 33808069 PMCID: PMC8066056 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Plants' ability to take up silicon from the soil, accumulate it within their tissues and then reincorporate it into the soil through litter creates an intricate network of feedback mechanisms in ecosystems. Here, we provide a concise review of silicon's roles in soil chemistry and physics and in plant physiology and ecology, focusing on the processes that form these feedback mechanisms. Through this review and analysis, we demonstrate how this feedback network drives ecosystem processes and affects ecosystem functioning. Consequently, we show that Si uptake and accumulation by plants is involved in several ecosystem services like soil appropriation, biomass supply, and carbon sequestration. Considering the demand for food of an increasing global population and the challenges of climate change, a detailed understanding of the underlying processes of these ecosystem services is of prime importance. Silicon and its role in ecosystem functioning and services thus should be the main focus of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Katz
- Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Mt. Masada, Tamar Regional Council, 86910 Tamar, Israel
- Eilat Campus, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Hatmarim Blv, 8855630 Eilat, Israel
| | - Daniel Puppe
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany; (D.P.); (D.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Danuta Kaczorek
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany; (D.P.); (D.K.); (J.S.)
- Department of Soil Environment Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), 02776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nagabovanalli B. Prakash
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560065, India;
| | - Jörg Schaller
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany; (D.P.); (D.K.); (J.S.)
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Hömberg A, Knorr KH, Schaller J. Methane Production Rate during Anoxic Litter Decomposition Depends on Si Mass Fractions, Nutrient Stoichiometry, and Carbon Quality. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040618. [PMID: 33805021 PMCID: PMC8063934 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While Si influences nutrient stoichiometry and decomposition of graminoid litter, it is still unclear how Si influences anoxic litter decomposition and CH4 formation in graminoid dominated fen peatlands. First, Eriophorum vaginatum plants were grown under different Si and P availabilities, then shoots and roots were characterized regarding their proportions of C, Si, N and P and regarding C quality. Subsequently the Eriophorum shoots were subjected to anoxic decomposition. We hypothesized; that (I) litter grown under high Si availability would show a higher Si but lower nutrient mass fractions and a lower share of recalcitrant carbon moieties; (II) high-Si litter would show higher CH4 and CO2 production rates during anoxic decomposition; (III) methanogenesis would occur earlier in less recalcitrant high-Si litter, compared to low-Si litter. We found a higher Si mass fraction that coincides with a general decrease in C and N mass fractions and decreased share of recalcitrant organic moieties. For high-Si litter, the CH4 production rate was higher, but there was no long-term influence on the CO2 production rate. More labile high-Si litter and a differential response in nutrient stoichiometry led to faster onset of methanogenesis. This may have important implications for our understanding of anaerobic carbon turnover in graminoid-rich fens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annkathrin Hömberg
- Ecohydrology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Münster, Heisenbergstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany;
- Correspondence:
| | - Klaus-Holger Knorr
- Ecohydrology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Münster, Heisenbergstraße 2, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Jörg Schaller
- Leibniz Center for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany;
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Schaller J, Puppe D, Kaczorek D, Ellerbrock R, Sommer M. Silicon Cycling in Soils Revisited. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:295. [PMID: 33557192 PMCID: PMC7913996 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) speciation and availability in soils is highly important for ecosystem functioning, because Si is a beneficial element for plant growth. Si chemistry is highly complex compared to other elements in soils, because Si reaction rates are relatively slow and dependent on Si species. Consequently, we review the occurrence of different Si species in soil solution and their changes by polymerization, depolymerization, and condensation in relation to important soil processes. We show that an argumentation based on thermodynamic endmembers of Si dependent processes, as currently done, is often difficult, because some reactions such as mineral crystallization require months to years (sometimes even centuries or millennia). Furthermore, we give an overview of Si reactions in soil solution and the predominance of certain solid compounds, which is a neglected but important parameter controlling the availability, reactivity, and function of Si in soils. We further discuss the drivers of soil Si cycling and how humans interfere with these processes. The soil Si cycle is of major importance for ecosystem functioning; therefore, a deeper understanding of drivers of Si cycling (e.g., predominant speciation), human disturbances and the implication for important soil properties (water storage, nutrient availability, and micro aggregate stability) is of fundamental relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Schaller
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany; (D.P.); (D.K.); (R.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Daniel Puppe
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany; (D.P.); (D.K.); (R.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Danuta Kaczorek
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany; (D.P.); (D.K.); (R.E.); (M.S.)
- Department of Soil Environment Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ruth Ellerbrock
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany; (D.P.); (D.K.); (R.E.); (M.S.)
| | - Michael Sommer
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, Germany; (D.P.); (D.K.); (R.E.); (M.S.)
- Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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Hu AY, Xu SN, Qin DN, Li W, Zhao XQ. Role of Silicon in Mediating Phosphorus Imbalance in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E51. [PMID: 33383611 PMCID: PMC7824163 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The soil bioavailability of phosphorus (P) is often low because of its poor solubility, strong sorption and slow diffusion in most soils; however, stress due to excess soil P can occur in greenhouse production systems subjected to high levels of P fertilizer. Silicon (Si) is a beneficial element that can alleviate multiple biotic and abiotic stresses. Although numerous studies have investigated the effects of Si on P nutrition, a comprehensive review has not been published. Accordingly, here we review: (1) the Si uptake, transport and accumulation in various plant species; (2) the roles of phosphate transporters in P acquisition, mobilization, re-utilization and homeostasis; (3) the beneficial role of Si in improving P nutrition under P deficiency; and (4) the regulatory function of Si in decreasing P uptake under excess P. The results of the reviewed studies suggest the important role of Si in mediating P imbalance in plants. We also present a schematic model to explain underlying mechanisms responsible for the beneficial impact of Si on plant adaption to P-imbalance stress. Finally, we highlight the importance of future investigations aimed at revealing the role of Si in regulating P imbalance in plants, both at deeper molecular and broader field levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Yong Hu
- School of Geographical Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (A.Y.H.); (S.N.X.); (D.N.Q.); (W.L.)
| | - Shu Nan Xu
- School of Geographical Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (A.Y.H.); (S.N.X.); (D.N.Q.); (W.L.)
| | - Dong Ni Qin
- School of Geographical Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (A.Y.H.); (S.N.X.); (D.N.Q.); (W.L.)
| | - Wen Li
- School of Geographical Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; (A.Y.H.); (S.N.X.); (D.N.Q.); (W.L.)
| | - Xue Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Abstract
Global deposits of concentrated phosphates, which are a necessary source for the production of phosphate fertilizers, are limited. These reserves keep getting thinner, and every day, large amounts of phosphorus end up in watercourses. In this study, we verified that modified biochar (saturated with FeCl3 solution and then neutralized with NaOH solution) can adsorb significant amounts of phosphorus from wastewater. Moreover, the agrochemical qualities of sludge water from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, struvite, phosphorus-saturated biochar, and iron(III) phosphate from a reused biochar filter were tested in this study. We determined the amount of mobile phosphorus as well as the amount of extractable phosphorus and its five fractions. It was found that modified biochar can hold one-third of the phosphorus amount contained in the commonly used agricultural fertilizer simple superphosphate (1 × 105 g of modified biochar captures up to 2.79 × 103 g of P). Moreover, plants can more easily access phosphorus biochar fractions than struvite, which is formed spontaneously during sludge management. The results of this research prove that the proposed method of recycling phosphorus from wastewater can be applied in technological practice.
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Merdy P, Neytard C, Meunier JD, Lucas Y. PDMPO: a specific silicon or silica, pH sensitive fluorescent probe? RSC Adv 2020; 10:31003-31011. [PMID: 35516007 PMCID: PMC9056363 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05108j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to understand Si behavior and biodisponibility in soils and plants, we evaluated the use of PDMPO (2-(4-pyridyl)-5-((4-(2-dimethylaminoethylaminocarbamoyl)methoxy)phenyl)oxazole) that was supposed to be a Si-specific fluorescence marker and to have a pH-dependent fluorescence. We studied the interactions between PDMPO and water-dissolved Si, Al and natural organic matter (humic acids, HA). Six systems with different HA, Si and Al concentrations were studied by fluorescence spectroscopy at pH 4, 7 and 9. The Al–PDMPO complex was characterized by infrared spectroscopy and the particle size distribution in solution was characterized by nano tracking analysis. We found that when usual pH buffers are not present, the PDMPO fluorescence was not pH dependent and was not Si-specific. In the PDMPO–Si–HA system, the PDMPO fluorescence signals were greatly enhanced, suggesting the formation of highly fluorescent ternary HA–PDMPO–Si groups. When Al was added to the system, the fluorescence was strongly quenched, suggesting the formation of low-fluorescence quaternary HA–PDMPO–Si–Al groups. The PDMPO fluorescence is therefore greatly sensitive to complexable metals and to natural organic matter and is therefore difficult to be applied for the quantification of Si or pH in a complex medium. To understand Si behavior in soils and plants, we evaluated the use of PDMPO that was supposed to be a Si-specific, pH-dependent fluorescence marker. We found that the PDMPO fluorescence is neither Si-specific nor pH dependent.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Merdy
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IM2NP 83041 Toulon Cedex 9 France
| | - Cyril Neytard
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IM2NP 83041 Toulon Cedex 9 France
| | | | - Yves Lucas
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, IM2NP 83041 Toulon Cedex 9 France
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Klotzbücher T, Treptow C, Kaiser K, Klotzbücher A, Mikutta R. Sorption competition with natural organic matter as mechanism controlling silicon mobility in soil. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11225. [PMID: 32641745 PMCID: PMC7343819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68042-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence of silicon (Si) playing an important role in plant health and the global carbon cycle triggered research on its biogeochemistry. In terrestrial soil ecosystems, sorption of silicic acid (H4SiO4) to mineral surfaces is a main control on Si mobility. We examined the competitive sorption of Si, dissolved organic matter, and phosphorus in forest floor leachates (pH 4.1-4.7) to goethite, in order to assess its effects on Si mobility at weathering fronts in acidic topsoil, a decisive zone of nutrient turnover in soil. In batch sorption experiments, we varied the extent of competition between solutes by varying the amount of added goethite (α-FeOOH) and the Si pre-loading of the goethite surfaces. Results suggest weaker competitive strength of Si than of dissolved organic matter and ortho-phosphate. Under highly competitive conditions, hardly any dissolved Si (< 2%) but much of the dissolved organic carbon (48-80%) was sorbed. Pre-loading the goethite surfaces with monomeric Si hardly decreased the sorption of organic carbon and phosphate, whereas up to about 50% of the Si was released from surfaces into solutions, indicating competitive displacement from sorption sites. We conclude sorption competition with dissolved organic matter and other strongly sorbing solutes can promote Si leaching in soil. Such effects should thus be considered in conceptual models on soil Si transport, distribution, and phytoavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thimo Klotzbücher
- Soil Science and Soil Protection, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Christian Treptow
- Soil Science and Soil Protection, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Klaus Kaiser
- Soil Science and Soil Protection, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anika Klotzbücher
- Soil Science and Soil Protection, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Robert Mikutta
- Soil Science and Soil Protection, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Xu D, Gao T, Fang X, Bu H, Li Q, Wang X, Zhang R. Silicon addition improves plant productivity and soil nutrient availability without changing the grass:legume ratio response to N fertilization. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10295. [PMID: 32581317 PMCID: PMC7314743 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67333-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon (Si) plays an important role in plant nutrient capture and absorption, and also promotes plant mechanical strength and light interception in alpine meadows. In this study, we conducted a field experiment to examine the effect of nitrogen (N) application, with (N + Si) and without Si (N-only), on the potential for soil nutrient and the growth of grass and legume plant functional types (PFTs) in an alpine meadow. It was found that N + Si resulted in higher soil nutrient contents, leaf N and P concentrations, abundance and biomass of legume and grass PFTs than N-only. The aboveground biomass of grass (598 g m-2) and legume (12.68 g m-2) PFTs under 600 kg ha-1 ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) per year addition with Si was significantly higher than that under the same level of N addition without Si (515 and 8.68 g m-2, respectively). The grass:legume biomass ratio did not differ significantly between the N + Si and N-only. This demonstrates that Si enhances N fertilization with apparently little effect on grass:legume ratio and increases plant-available nutrients, indicating that Si is essential for the plant community in alpine meadows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danghui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems/School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Tianpeng Gao
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an, 710065, China
- The Engineering Research Center of Mining Pollution Treatment and Ecological Restoration of Gansu Province, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiangwen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems/School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Haiyan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems/School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Qiuxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems/School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaona Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems/School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Renyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems/School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
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39
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Mineralogical composition and C/N contents in soil and water among betel vineyards of coastal Odisha, India. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2631-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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40
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Liu J, Chen J, Chen G, Guo J, Li Y. Enzyme stoichiometry indicates the variation of microbial nutrient requirements at different soil depths in subtropical forests. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0220599. [PMID: 32017763 PMCID: PMC6999874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil extracellular enzyme activities and associated enzymatic stoichiometry are considered sensitive indicators of nutrient availability and microbial substrate limitation. However, many of previous studies have been focusing on uppermost soil layer with a single enzyme as representative of the whole nutrient acquisition, leading to critical uncertainties in understanding soil nutrient availability and its relationship with microbial activities in deeper soils. In the current study, we investigated C-, N- and P-acquiring enzyme activities across a range of soil layers (0–10, 10–20, 20–40 and 40–60 cm), and examined the microbial C, N and P limitation in natural secondary forests (NSF) and Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation forests (CPF) in subtropical China. The results showed that microbial C and P co-limitation was detected in the two typical subtropical forests at all soil depths, rather than microbial N limitation. Microbial C and P limitation fluctuated along soil depth, but higher N was demanded by microbes in soil under 20 cm in both forests. The present results highlight the asymmetrical patterns of microbial nutrient limitation along the whole soil profile, and provide essential information in understanding nutrient limitations in deeper soils. These vertical and asymmetrical nutrient limitation patterns should be incorporated into future research studies priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiebao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fujian, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Guangshui Chen
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fujian, China
| | - Jianfen Guo
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fujian, China
- * E-mail: (JG); (YL)
| | - Yiqing Li
- College of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resources Management, University of Hawaii, Hilo, Hawaii, United States of America
- * E-mail: (JG); (YL)
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41
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Carbon and Nutrient Inputs by Litterfall in Evergreen and Deciduous Forests in Korea. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11020143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge about carbon and nutrient fluxes by litterfall is important for understanding nutrient cycling in geologically unique ecosystems. However, the determination of forest litterfall production patterns is difficult due to many biophysical factors influencing the process. In this study, we (1) quantified the litterfall production and carbon and nutrient fluxes in warm-temperate evergreen forest stands in Jeju Gotjawal and (2) compared these values to those of a typical cool-temperate deciduous forest stand by forest types and climate differences. Litterfall from evergreen broadleaved forests at Cheongsu (CS) and Seonheul (SHb), a mixed forest at Seonheul (SHm) in Jeju Gotjawal, and a deciduous broadleaved forest at Chungnam National University Forest (CNU) was collected for a full two years using litter traps. Samples were sorted into leaves, twigs, barks, seeds, and unidentified materials, and then weighed and measured for C, N, P, K, Ca, and Mg fluxes by litterfall. Results showed that the mean annual litterfall (846.3 g m−2, average of CS, SHb, and SHm) at Jeju Gotjawal was similar to that of CNU (885.5 g m−2), but varied by site in Jeju Gotjawal: CS (933.1 g m−2) was significantly higher than the average of SHb and SHm (802.9 g m−2). Seasonal patterns of litterfall production differed by forest types; evergreen broadleaved forests showed a bimodal peak in fall and spring while deciduous broadleaved forests showed a unimodal peak in fall. Jeju Gotjawal had significantly higher total macronutrient concentrations and contents (except for K) than CNU and they also varied by site in Jeju Gotjawal: CS had higher N, P, Ca, and Mg contents than SHb and SHm. We conclude that litterfall production and nutrient fluxes differed by forest stand as influenced by forest types and climate. Further, our findings are important for understanding carbon and nutrient dynamics in the geologically unique ecosystem of Jeju Gotjawal and other areas with similar characteristics.
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Jarvie HP, Flaten D, Sharpley AN, Kleinman PJA, Healy MG, King SM. Future Phosphorus: Advancing New 2D Phosphorus Allotropes and Growing a Sustainable Bioeconomy. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2019; 48:1145-1155. [PMID: 31589713 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2019.03.0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With more than 40 countries currently proposing to boost their national bioeconomies, there is no better time for a clarion call for a "new" bioeconomy, which, at its core, tackles the current disparities and inequalities in phosphorus (P) availability. Existing biofuel production systems have widened P inequalities and contributed to a linear P economy, impairing water quality and accelerating dependence on P fertilizers manufactured from finite nonrenewable phosphate rock reserves. Here, we explore how the emerging bioeconomy in novel, value-added, bio-based products offers opportunities to rethink our stewardship of P. Development of integrated value chains of new bio-based products offers opportunities for codevelopment of "P refineries" to recover P fertilizer products from organic wastes. Advances in material sciences are exploiting unique semiconductor and opto-electrical properties of new "two-dimensional" (2D) P allotropes (2D black phosphorus and blue phosphorus). These novel P materials offer the tantalizing prospect of step-change innovations in renewable energy production and storage, in biomedical applications, and in biomimetic processes, including artificial photosynthesis. They also offer a possible antidote to the P paradox that our agricultural production systems have engineered us into, as well as the potential to expand the future role of P in securing sustainability across both agroecological and technological domains of the bioeconomy. However, a myriad of social, technological, and commercialization hurdles remains to be crossed before such an advanced circular P bioeconomy can be realized. The emerging bioeconomy is just one piece of a much larger puzzle of how to achieve more sustainable and circular horizons in our future use of P.
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43
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Bhat JA, Shivaraj SM, Singh P, Navadagi DB, Tripathi DK, Dash PK, Solanke AU, Sonah H, Deshmukh R. Role of Silicon in Mitigation of Heavy Metal Stresses in Crop Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E71. [PMID: 30901942 PMCID: PMC6473438 DOI: 10.3390/plants8030071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, heavy metal contamination in soil and water has increased due to anthropogenic activities. The higher exposure of crop plants to heavy metal stress reduces growth and yield, and affect the sustainability of agricultural production. In this regard, the use of silicon (Si) supplementation offers a promising prospect since numerous studies have reported the beneficial role of Si in mitigating stresses imposed by biotic as well as abiotic factors including heavy metal stress. The fundamental mechanisms involved in the Si-mediated heavy metal stress tolerance include reduction of metal ions in soil substrate, co-precipitation of toxic metals, metal-transport related gene regulation, chelation, stimulation of antioxidants, compartmentation of metal ions, and structural alterations in plants. Exogenous application of Si has been well documented to increase heavy metal tolerance in numerous plant species. The beneficial effects of Si are particularly evident in plants able to accumulate high levels of Si. Consequently, to enhance metal tolerance in plants, the inherent genetic potential for Si uptake should be improved. In the present review, we have discussed the potential role and mechanisms involved in the Si-mediated alleviation of metal toxicity as well as different approaches for enhancing Si-derived benefits in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaid Akhter Bhat
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - S M Shivaraj
- Département de Phytologie, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Pritam Singh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali 140306, India.
| | - Devanna B Navadagi
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India.
| | - Prasanta K Dash
- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | | | - Humira Sonah
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali 140306, India.
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali 140306, India.
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