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Britton M, Monahan GE, Murphy CG, Kearns SR, Devitt AT, Okwieka A, Jaisson S, Van Gulick L, Beljebbar A, Kerdjoudj H, Schiavi J, Vaughan TJ. An investigation of composition, morphology, mechanical properties, and microdamage accumulation of human type 2 diabetic bone. Bone 2024; 187:117190. [PMID: 38960297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the biomechanics of type 2 diabetic bone fragility through a multiscale experimental strategy that considers structural, mechanical, and compositional components of ex vivo human trabecular and cortical bone. Human tissue samples were obtained from the femoral heads of patients undergoing total hip replacement. Mechanical testing was carried out on isolated trabecular cores using monotonic and cyclic compression loading and nanoindentation experiments, with bone microdamage analysed using micro-computed tomography (CT) imaging. Bone composition was evaluated using Raman spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, and fluorometric spectroscopy. It was found that human type 2 diabetic bone had altered mechanical, compositional, and morphological properties compared to non-type 2 diabetic bone. High-resolution micro-CT imaging showed that cores taken from the central trabecular region of the femoral head had higher bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume, trabecular thickness, and reduced trabecular separation. Type 2 diabetic bone also had enhanced macro-mechanical compressive properties under mechanical loading compared to non-diabetic controls, with significantly higher apparent modulus, yield stress, and pre-yield toughness evident, even when properties were normalised against the bone volume. Using nanoindentation, there were no significant differences in the tissue-level mechanical properties of cortical or trabecular bone in type 2 diabetic samples compared to controls. Through compositional analysis, higher levels of furosine were found in type 2 diabetic trabecular bone, and an increase in both furosine and carboxymethyl-lysine (an advanced glycation end-product) was found in cortical bone. Raman spectroscopy showed that type 2 diabetic bone had a higher mineral-to-matrix ratio, carbonate substitution, and reduced crystallinity compared to the controls. Together, this study shows that type 2 diabetes leads to distinct changes in both organic and mineral phases of the bone tissue matrix, but these changes did not coincide with any reduction in the micro- or macro-mechanical properties of the tissue under monotonic or cyclic loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Britton
- Biomechanics Research Centre (BioMEC), Biomedical Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Genna E Monahan
- Biomechanics Research Centre (BioMEC), Biomedical Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Colin G Murphy
- Department of Orthopaedics, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Stephen R Kearns
- Department of Orthopaedics, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Aiden T Devitt
- Department of Orthopaedics, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - Anaïs Okwieka
- University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, Extracellular Matrix and Cell Dynamics Unit (MEDyC) UMR, Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Jaisson
- University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, Extracellular Matrix and Cell Dynamics Unit (MEDyC) UMR, Reims, France
| | | | | | - Halima Kerdjoudj
- Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux (BIOS), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691 Reims, France
| | | | - Ted J Vaughan
- Biomechanics Research Centre (BioMEC), Biomedical Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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Schadow JE, Maxey D, Smith TO, Finnilä MAJ, Manske SL, Segal NA, Wong AKO, Davey RA, Turmezei T, Stok KS. Systematic review of computed tomography parameters used for the assessment of subchondral bone in osteoarthritis. Bone 2024; 178:116948. [PMID: 37926204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review the published parameters for the assessment of subchondral bone in human osteoarthritis (OA) using computed tomography (CT) and gain an overview of current practices and standards. DESIGN A literature search of Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library databases was performed with search strategies tailored to each database (search from 2010 to January 2023). The search results were screened independently by two reviewers against pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies were deemed eligible if conducted in vivo/ex vivo in human adults (>18 years) using any type of CT to assess subchondral bone in OA. Extracted data from eligible studies were compiled in a qualitative summary and formal narrative synthesis. RESULTS This analysis included 202 studies. Four groups of CT modalities were identified to have been used for subchondral bone assessment in OA across nine anatomical locations. Subchondral bone parameters measuring similar features of OA were combined in six categories: (i) microstructure, (ii) bone adaptation, (iii) gross morphology (iv) mineralisation, (v) joint space, and (vi) mechanical properties. CONCLUSIONS Clinically meaningful parameter categories were identified as well as categories with the potential to become relevant in the clinical field. Furthermore, we stress the importance of quantification of parameters to improve their sensitivity and reliability for the evaluation of OA disease progression and the need for standardised measurement methods to improve their clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemima E Schadow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - David Maxey
- Department of Radiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, United Kingdom.
| | - Toby O Smith
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, United Kingdom.
| | - Mikko A J Finnilä
- Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Sarah L Manske
- Department of Radiology, McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Neil A Segal
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, United States.
| | - Andy Kin On Wong
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Schroeder's Arthritis Institute, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Rachel A Davey
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Tom Turmezei
- Department of Radiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, United Kingdom; Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom.
| | - Kathryn S Stok
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Rao AD. Novel techniques for assessment of bone tissue material properties. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2023; 30:213-216. [PMID: 37345332 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review will be to shed light on novel techniques for assessment of bone tissue material properties. RECENT FINDINGS Recently there has been an increase in modalities to investigate bone tissue material properties. Historically, clinicians treating patients with bone disorders have relied upon the use of bone mineral density (BMD) as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Although DXA provides an ability to screen at a large-scale population level, it only explains about 60% of the fracture risk. Recent advances include the use of imaging modalities, responses to load, and novel infrared (IR) techniques. SUMMARY These newer techniques have not reached a point for population level screening; however, they may inform the science of bone biology further and help discern various bone disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay D Rao
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University Temple, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA
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Nakasone A, Guang Y, Wise A, Kim L, Babbin J, Rathod S, Mitchell AJ, Gerstenfeld LC, Morgan EF. Structural features of subchondral bone cysts and adjacent tissues in hip osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:1130-1139. [PMID: 35569801 PMCID: PMC9296569 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Focal lesions within the subchondral bone, termed subchondral bone cysts (SBCs), are clinically accepted radiographic markers of advanced osteoarthritis (OA), but their etiology in the hip is not well understood. DESIGN This study used micro-computed tomography (μCT), and histological and immunocytological analysis to examine the prevalence, size, location, and morphological and cellular features of SBCs found within 34 femoral heads (14 male, 20 female; age range = 43-80 years) obtained from total hip arthroplasty procedures. RESULTS SBCs were common-present in 91% of the femoral heads examined-and frequently commuted with the surface of the femoral head, but otherwise showed no preferred anatomical location. Few associations were found between SBC features and patient characteristics such as BMI, age and sex. SBCs were also heterogenous in composition, ranging from fibrous (most common) to predominantly fatty (least common) and often containing vasculature, nerve fibers, cartilage islands, and bony spicules. Despite this heterogeneity, focal abnormalities in bone density and cartilage thickness were consistently observed. Bone adjacent to SBCs was denser than that in the primary compressive group, and cartilage thickness in regions overlying SBCs was lower than in non-overlying regions. In contrast to these local bony changes, μCT-based finite element analyses indicated that the stiffness of the primary compressive group was only mildly affected by SBCs. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that SBCs in the femoral head involve extensive perturbations in cellular activity, culminating in myriad skeletal tissue types and spatially heterogenous changes in bone and cartilage morphology that are likely to affect OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young Guang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University
| | - Amelia Wise
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University
| | - Lindsey Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University
| | - Joshua Babbin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University
| | - Sonali Rathod
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University
| | | | | | - Elise F. Morgan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University
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Oliveira AS, Silva JC, Figueiredo L, Ferreira FC, Kotov NA, Colaço R, Serro AP. High-performance bilayer composites for the replacement of osteochondral defects. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5856-5875. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00716a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Two novel bilayer constructs for the repair of osteochondral defects were developed from nanofibers and ceramic particles embedded into PVA matrices, exhibiting multiple promising properties similar to those of corresponding natural tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. Oliveira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - J. C. Silva
- Centre for Rapid and Sustainable Product Development, Politécnico de Leiria, Rua de Portugal – Zona Industrial, 2430-028 Marinha Grande, Portugal
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB – Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - L. Figueiredo
- Bioceramed S.A., Rua José Gomes Ferreira 1 Arm. D, 2660-360 São Julião do Tojal, Portugal
| | - F. C. Ferreira
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB – Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - N. A. Kotov
- Biointerfaces Institute and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - R. Colaço
- Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A. P. Serro
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences and Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
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Li Y, Liem Y, Dall'Ara E, Sullivan N, Ahmed H, Blom A, Sharif M. Subchondral bone microarchitecture and mineral density in human osteoarthritis and osteoporosis: A regional and compartmental analysis. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:2568-2580. [PMID: 33751647 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP) are historically considered to be inversely correlated but there may be an overlap between the pathophysiology of the two diseases. This study aimed to investigate the subchondral bone microarchitecture and matrix mineralization, and the association between them in OA and OP in relation to the degree of cartilage degeneration. Fifty-six osteochondral plugs were collected from 16 OA femoral heads. They were graded on a regional basis according to the stages of cartilage degeneration, as evaluated by a new macroscopic and a modified microscopic grading system. Twenty-one plugs were collected from seven femoral heads with OP. Plugs were scanned by microcomputed tomography and the microarchitectural and mineral properties were obtained for both subchondral plate and trabecular bone. Microarchitecture and material and apparent densities of subchondral bone in OP were similar to regions with early cartilage degeneration but different from regions with advanced cartilage degradation in OA femoral heads. Subchondral trabecular bone was more mineralized than subchondral plate in both OP and OA, and this compartmental difference varied by severity of cartilage degradation. Furthermore, the relationship among trabecular bone volume fraction, tissue mineral density, and apparent bone density was similar in OP and different stages of OA. Subchondral bone microarchitecture and mineral properties in OP are different from OA in a regionalized manner in relation to stages of cartilage degeneration. Both regional and compartmental differences at structural, material, and cellular levels need to be studied to understand the transition of OA subchondral bone from being osteoporotic to sclerotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Li
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Yulia Liem
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Enrico Dall'Ara
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism and Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Niall Sullivan
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Haroon Ahmed
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ashley Blom
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mohammed Sharif
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Subchondral Bone Relative Area and Density in Human Osteoarthritic Femoral Heads Assessed with Micro-CT before and after Mechanical Embedding of the Innovative Multi-Spiked Connecting Scaffold for Resurfacing THA Endoprostheses: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10132937. [PMID: 34208953 PMCID: PMC8268800 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The multi-spiked connecting scaffold (MSC-Scaffold) prototype is the essential innovation in the fixation of components of resurfacing total hip arthroplasty (THRA) endoprostheses in the subchondral trabecular bone. We conducted the computed micro-tomography (micro-CT) assessment of the subchondral trabecular bone microarchitecture before and after the MSC-Scaffold embedding in femoral heads removed during long-stem endoprosthesis total hip arthroplasty (THA) of different bone densities from 4 patients with hip osteoarthritis (OA). The embedding of the MSC-Scaffold in subchondral trabecular bone causes the change in its relative area (BA/TA, bone area/total area ratio) ranged from 18.2% to 24.7% (translating to the calculated density ρB relative change 11.1–14.4%, and the compressive strength S relative change 75.3–122.7%) regardless of its initial density (before the MSC-Scaffold embedding). The densification of the trabecular microarchitecture of subchondral trabecular bone due to the MSC-Scaffold initial embedding gradually decreases with the increasing distance from the apexes of the MSC-Scaffold’s spikes while the spatial extent of this subchondral trabecular bone densification ranged from 1.5 to 2.5 mm (which is about half the height of the MSC-Scaffold’s spikes). It may be suggested, despite the limited number of examined femoral heads, that: (1) the magnitude of the effect of the MSC-Scaffold embedding on subchondral trabecular bone densification may be a factor contributing to the maintenance of the MSC-Scaffold also for decreased initial bone density values, (2) the deeper this effect of the subchondral trabecular bone densification, the better strength of subchondral trabecular bone, and as consequence, the better post-operative embedding of the MSC-Scaffold in the bone should be expected.
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Ding M, Overgaard S. 3-D microarchitectural properties and rod- and plate-like trabecular morphometric properties of femur head cancellous bones in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis. J Orthop Translat 2021; 28:159-168. [PMID: 33996461 PMCID: PMC8089789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We quantify 3-D microarchitectural properties of femoral head cancellous bones from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n = 12), osteoarthritis (OA, n = 15), osteoporosis (OP, n = 24), or donor controls (CNT, n = 8); and investigate their rod- and plate-like trabecular morphometric properties of trabecular bone tissues and compare these properties between them. Methods Femoral heads were harvested during total hip replacement surgeries or collected from donors. Four cubic cancellous bone samples produced from each femoral head were micro-CT scanned to quantify their microarchitectural and rod- and plate-like trabecular properties. The samples were then tested in compression to determine mechanical properties. Results The microarchitectural properties of femoral head cancellous bone revealed significant differences among the 4 groups, but not between RA and OA. Bone volume fraction was significantly greater in the RA and the OA than in the OP and the CNT. Structure model index was significantly lower in the RA and the OA than in the OP. Number of rods in the RA was significantly greater than in the other 3 groups. Number of plates and plate volume density in the RA and the OA were significantly greater than in the OP and the CNT. Mechanical properties were significantly greater in the RA and the OA than in the OP. The single best determinant for mechanical properties was bone volume fraction. Conclusions This study demonstrates significant differences in 3-D microarchitectural properties and rod- and plate-like trabecular morphometric properties among patients with RA, OA, or OP. The RA and OA cancellous bones displayed similar patterns of microarchitectural degeneration and pronounced different microarchitectures from the OP. The OP group revealed the weakest cancellous bone strength, while the RA and OA groups exhibited a compensatory effect that maintains bone tissues, and hence mechanical properties. The translational potential of this article The study enhances the understanding of microarchitectural degeneration of diseased cancellous bone. The OP group had the weakest cancellous bone strength, while the RA and OA groups exhibited a compensatory effect that maintains bone tissues, and hence mechanical properties. These results are particularly important for design and survival of joint prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ding
- Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, And Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, C, Denmark
| | - Søren Overgaard
- Orthopedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Traumatology, Odense University Hospital, And Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, C, Denmark.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg, And Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
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Ryan MK, Oliviero S, Costa MC, Wilkinson JM, Dall’Ara E. Heterogeneous Strain Distribution in the Subchondral Bone of Human Osteoarthritic Femoral Heads, Measured with Digital Volume Correlation. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13204619. [PMID: 33081288 PMCID: PMC7603047 DOI: 10.3390/ma13204619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease, affecting approximately one third of people over the age of 45. Whilst the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease are still not well understood, mechanics play an important role in both the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis. In this study, we demonstrate the application of stepwise compression, combined with microCT imaging and digital volume correlation (DVC) to measure and evaluate full-field strain distributions within osteoarthritic femoral heads under uniaxial compression. A comprehensive analysis showed that the microstructural features inherent in OA bone did not affect the level of uncertainties associated with the applied methods. The results illustrate the localization of strains at the loading surface as well as in areas of low bone volume fraction and subchondral cysts. Trabecular thickness and connectivity density were identified as the only microstructural parameters with any association to the magnitude of local strain measured at apparent yield strain or the volume of bone exceeding yield strain. This work demonstrates a novel approach to evaluating the mechanical properties of the whole human femoral head in case of severe OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K. Ryan
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; (S.O.); (M.C.C.); (J.M.W.); (E.D.)
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Medical Device Research Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide 5042, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-8201-3208
| | - Sara Oliviero
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; (S.O.); (M.C.C.); (J.M.W.); (E.D.)
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Maria Cristiana Costa
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; (S.O.); (M.C.C.); (J.M.W.); (E.D.)
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - J. Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; (S.O.); (M.C.C.); (J.M.W.); (E.D.)
| | - Enrico Dall’Ara
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; (S.O.); (M.C.C.); (J.M.W.); (E.D.)
- INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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