1
|
Arroyo-Ataz G, Jones D. Overview of Lymphatic Muscle Cells in Development, Physiology, and Disease. Microcirculation 2024:e12887. [PMID: 39329178 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Lymphatic muscle cells (LMCs) are indispensable for proper functioning of the lymphatic system, as they provide the driving force for lymph transport. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate LMCs, which control rhythmic contraction and vessel tone of lymphatic vessels-traits also found in cardiac and vascular smooth muscle. In this review, we discuss the molecular pathways that orchestrate LMC-mediated contractility and summarize current knowledge about their developmental origin, which may shed light on the distinct contractile characteristics of LMCs. Further, we highlight the growing evidence implicating LMC dysregulation in the pathogenesis of lymphedema and other diseases related to lymphatic vessel dysfunction. Given the limited number and efficacy of existing therapies to treat lymphedema, LMCs present a promising focus for identifying novel therapeutic targets aimed at improving lymphatic vessel contractility. Here, we discuss LMCs in health and disease, as well as therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting them to improve lymphatic vessel function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Arroyo-Ataz
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dennis Jones
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Arroyo-Ataz G, Yagüe AC, Breda JC, Mazzilli SA, Jones D. Transcriptional, developmental, and functional parallels of lymphatic and venous smooth muscle. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.18.604042. [PMID: 39091770 PMCID: PMC11291064 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.18.604042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Lymphatic muscle cells (LMCs) are indispensable for lymphatic vessel contraction and their aberrant recruitment or absence is associated with both primary and secondary lymphedema. Despite their critical role in lymphatic vessel function, the transcriptomic and developmental basis that confer the unique contractile properties to LMCs are largely undefined. In this study, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), lineage tracing and in vivo imaging to investigate the basis for the hybrid cardiomyocyte and blood vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) characteristics that have been described for LMCs. Using scRNAseq, the transcriptomes of LMC and venous SMCs from the murine hindlimb exhibited more similarities than differences, although both were markedly distinct from that of arteriole SMCs in the same tissue. Functionally, both lymphatic vessels and blood vessels in the murine hindlimb displayed pulsatile contractility. However, despite expressing genes that overlap with the venous SMC transcriptome, through lineage tracing we show that LMCs do not originate from Myh11+ SMC progenitors. Previous studies have shown that LMCs express cardiac-related genes, whereas in our study we found that arteriole SMCs, but not LMCs, expressed cardiac-related genes. Through lineage tracing, we demonstrate that a subpopulation of LMCs and SMCs originate from WT1+ mesodermal progenitors, which are known to give rise to SMCs. LMCs, however, do not derive from Nkx2.5+ cardiomyocyte progenitors. Overall, our findings suggest that venous SMCs and LMCs and may derive from a related mesodermal progenitor and adopt a similar gene expression program that enable their contractile properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Arroyo-Ataz
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Alejandra Carrasco Yagüe
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Julia C. Breda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, 75 E. Newton Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Sarah A. Mazzilli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, 75 E. Newton Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Dennis Jones
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Peng Y, Kenney HM, de Mesy Bentley KL, Xing L, Ritchlin CT, Schwarz EM. Distinct mast cell subpopulations within and around lymphatic vessels regulate lymph flow and progression of inflammatory-erosive arthritis in TNF-transgenic mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275871. [PMID: 38155962 PMCID: PMC10752982 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Inflammatory-erosive arthritis is exacerbated by dysfunction of joint-draining popliteal lymphatic vessels (PLVs). Synovial mast cells are known to be pro-inflammatory in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In other settings they have anti-inflammatory and tissue reparative effects. Herein, we elucidate the role of mast cells on PLV function and inflammatory-erosive arthritis in tumor necrosis factor transgenic (TNF-tg) mice that exhibit defects in PLVs commensurate with disease progression. Methods Whole mount immunofluorescent microscopy, toluidine blue stained histology, scanning electron microscopy, and in silico bioinformatics were performed to phenotype and quantify PLV mast cells. Ankle bone volumes were assessed by μCT, while corresponding histology quantified synovitis and osteoclasts. Near-infrared indocyanine green imaging measured lymphatic clearance as an outcome of PLV draining function. Effects of genetic MC depletion were assessed via comparison of 4.5-month-old WT, TNF-tg, MC deficient KitW-sh/W-sh (cKit-/-), and TNF-tg x cKit-/- mice. Pharmacological inhibition of mast cells was assessed by treating TNF-tg mice with placebo or cromolyn sodium (3.15mg/kg/day) for 3-weeks. Results PLVs are surrounded by MCT+/MCPT1+/MCPT4+ mast cells whose numbers are increased 2.8-fold in TNF-tg mice. The percentage of peri-vascular degranulating mast cells was inversely correlated with ICG clearance. A population of MCT+/MCPT1-/MCPT4- mast cells were embedded within the PLV structure. In silico single-cell RNA-seq (scRNAseq) analyses identified a population of PLV-associated mast cells (marker genes: Mcpt4, Cma1, Cpa3, Tpsb2, Kit, Fcer1a & Gata2) with enhanced TGFβ-related signaling that are phenotypically distinct from known MC subsets in the Mouse Cell Atlas. cKit-/- mice have greater lymphatic defects than TNF-tg mice with exacerbation of lymphatic dysfunction and inflammatory-erosive arthritis in TNF-tg x cKit-/- vs. TNF-Tg mice. Cromolyn sodium therapy stabilized PLV mast cells, increased TNF-induced bone loss, synovitis, and osteoclasts, and decreased ICG clearance. Conclusions Mast cells are required for normal lymphatic function. Genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of mast cells exacerbates TNF-induced inflammatory-erosive arthritis with decreased lymphatic clearance. Together, these findings support an inflammatory role of activated/degranulated peri-PLV mast cells during arthritic progression, and a homeostatic role of intra-PLV mast cells, in which loss of the latter dominantly exacerbates arthritis secondary to defects in joint-draining lymphatics, warranting investigation into specific cellular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Peng
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - H. Mark Kenney
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Karen L. de Mesy Bentley
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Lianping Xing
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Christopher T. Ritchlin
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Edward M. Schwarz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zawieja SD, Pea GA, Broyhill SE, Bromert KH, Norton CE, Kim HJ, Li M, Castorena-Gonzalez JA, Drumm BT, Davis MJ. Lymphatic muscle cells are the innate pacemaker cells regulating mouse lymphatic collecting vessel contractions. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554619. [PMID: 37662284 PMCID: PMC10473772 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Collecting lymphatic vessels (cLVs) exhibit spontaneous contractions with a pressure-dependent frequency, but the identity of the lymphatic pacemaker cell is still debated. By analogy to pacemakers in the GI and lower urinary tracts, proposed cLV pacemaker cells include interstitial cells of Cajal like cells (ICLC), pericytes, as well as the lymphatic muscle (LMCs) cells themselves. Here we tested the extent to which these cell types are invested into the mouse cLV wall and if any cell type exhibited morphological and functional processes characteristic of pacemaker cells: a contiguous network; spontaneous Ca2+ transients; and depolarization-induced propagated contractions. We employed inducible Cre (iCre) mouse models routinely used to target these specific cell populations including: c-kitCreERT2 to target ICLC; PdgfrβCreERT2 to target pericytes; PdgfrαCreER™ to target CD34+ adventitial fibroblast-like cells or ICLC; and Myh11CreERT2 to target LMCs. These specific inducible Cre lines were crossed to the fluorescent reporter ROSA26mT/mG, the genetically encoded Ca2+ sensor GCaMP6f, and the light-activated cation channel rhodopsin2 (ChR2). c-KitCreERT2 labeled both a sparse population of LECs and round adventitial cells that responded to the mast cell activator compound 48-80. PdgfrβCreERT2 drove recombination in both adventitial cells and LMCs, limiting its power to discriminate a pericyte specific population. PdgfrαCreER™ labeled a large population of interconnected, oak leaf-shaped cells primarily along the adventitial surface of the vessel. Titrated induction of the smooth muscle-specific Myh11CreERT2 revealed a LMC population with heterogeneous morphology. Only LMCs consistently, but heterogeneously, displayed spontaneous Ca2+ events during the diastolic period of the contraction cycle, and whose frequency was modulated in a pressure-dependent manner. Optogenetic depolarization through the expression of ChR2 by Myh11CreERT2, but not PdgfrαCreER™ or c-KitCreERT2, resulted in a propagated contraction. These findings support the conclusion that LMCs, or a subset of LMCs, are responsible for mouse cLV pacemaking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S D Zawieja
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - G A Pea
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - S E Broyhill
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - K H Bromert
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - C E Norton
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - H J Kim
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - M Li
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - B T Drumm
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland
| | - M J Davis
- Dept. of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kenney HM, Rangel-Moreno J, Peng Y, Chen KL, Bruno J, Embong A, Pritchett E, Fox JI, Becerril-Villanueva E, Gamboa-Domínguez A, Quataert S, Muthukrishnan G, Wood RW, Korman BD, Anolik JH, Xing L, Ritchlin CT, Schwarz EM, Wu CL. Multi-omics analysis identifies IgG2b class-switching with ALCAM-CD6 co-stimulation in joint-draining lymph nodes during advanced inflammatory-erosive arthritis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1237498. [PMID: 37691918 PMCID: PMC10485835 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1237498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Defective lymphatic drainage and translocation of B-cells in inflamed (Bin) joint-draining lymph node sinuses are pathogenic phenomena in patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this lymphatic dysfunction remain poorly understood. Herein, we utilized multi-omic spatial and single-cell transcriptomics to evaluate altered cellular composition (including lymphatic endothelial cells, macrophages, B-cells, and T-cells) in the joint-draining lymph node sinuses and their associated phenotypic changes and cell-cell interactions during RA development using the tumor necrosis factor transgenic (TNF-Tg) mouse model. Methods Popliteal lymph nodes (PLNs) from wild-type (n=10) and TNF-Tg male mice with "Early" (5 to 6-months of age; n=6) and "Advanced" (>8-months of age; n=12) arthritis were harvested and processed for spatial transcriptomics. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) was performed in PLNs from the TNF-Tg cohorts (n=6 PLNs pooled/cohort). PLN histopathology and ELISPOT along with ankle histology and micro-CT were evaluated. Histopathology of human lymph nodes and synovia was performed for clinical correlation. Results Advanced PLN sinuses exhibited an increased Ighg2b/Ighm expression ratio (Early 0.5 ± 0.1 vs Advanced 1.4 ± 0.5 counts/counts; p<0.001) that significantly correlated with reduced talus bone volumes in the afferent ankle (R2 = 0.54, p<0.001). Integration of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics revealed the increased IgG2b+ plasma cells localized in MARCO+ peri-follicular medullary sinuses. A concomitant decreased Fth1 expression (Early 2.5 ± 0.74 vs Advanced 1.0 ± 0.50 counts, p<0.001) within Advanced PLN sinuses was associated with accumulation of iron-laden Prussian blue positive macrophages in lymph nodes and synovium of Advanced TNF-Tg mice, and further validated in RA clinical samples. T-cells were increased 8-fold in Advanced PLNs, and bioinformatic pathway assessment identified the interaction between ALCAM+ macrophages and CD6+ T-cells as a plausible co-stimulatory mechanism to promote IgG2b class-switching. Discussion Collectively, these data support a model of flare in chronic TNF-induced arthritis in which loss of lymphatic flow through affected joint-draining lymph nodes facilitates the interaction between effluxing macrophages and T-cells via ALCAM-CD6 co-stimulation, initiating IgG2b class-switching and plasma cell differentiation of the expanded Bin population. Future work is warranted to investigate immunoglobulin clonality and potential autoimmune consequences, as well as the efficacy of anti-CD6 therapy to prevent these pathogenic events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Mark Kenney
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Javier Rangel-Moreno
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Yue Peng
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Kiana L. Chen
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Jennifer Bruno
- Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Abdul Embong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth Pritchett
- Genomics Research Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Jeffrey I. Fox
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Enrique Becerril-Villanueva
- Psychoimmunology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando Gamboa-Domínguez
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sally Quataert
- Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Ronald W. Wood
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Benjamin D. Korman
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Jennifer H. Anolik
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Lianping Xing
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Christopher T. Ritchlin
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Edward M. Schwarz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kenney HM, Peng Y, de Mesy Bentley KL, Xing L, Ritchlin CT, Schwarz EM. The Enigmas of Lymphatic Muscle Cells: Where Do They Come From, How Are They Maintained, and Can They Regenerate? Curr Rheumatol Rev 2023; 19:246-259. [PMID: 36705238 PMCID: PMC10257750 DOI: 10.2174/1573397119666230127144711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic muscle cell (LMC) contractility and coverage of collecting lymphatic vessels (CLVs) are integral to effective lymphatic drainage and tissue homeostasis. In fact, defects in lymphatic contractility have been identified in various conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and obesity. However, the fundamental role of LMCs in these pathologic processes is limited, primarily due to the difficulty in directly investigating the enigmatic nature of this poorly characterized cell type. LMCs are a unique cell type that exhibit dual tonic and phasic contractility with hybrid structural features of both vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and cardiac myocytes. While advances have been made in recent years to better understand the biochemistry and function of LMCs, central questions regarding their origins, investiture into CLVs, and homeostasis remain unanswered. To summarize these discoveries, unexplained experimental results, and critical future directions, here we provide a focused review of current knowledge and open questions related to LMC progenitor cells, recruitment, maintenance, and regeneration. We also highlight the high-priority research goal of identifying LMC-specific genes towards genetic conditional- inducible in vivo gain and loss of function studies. While our interest in LMCs has been focused on understanding lymphatic dysfunction in an arthritic flare, these concepts are integral to the broader field of lymphatic biology, and have important potential for clinical translation through targeted therapeutics to control lymphatic contractility and drainage.
Collapse
Grants
- R01AG059775,R01AG059775,R01AG059775 NIA NIH HHS
- R01AR056702,R01AR069000,T32AR076950,P30AR069655,R01AR056702,R01AR069000,P30AR069655,T32AR076950,R01AR056702,R01AR069000,T32AR076950,P30AR069655 NIAMS NIH HHS
- P30 AR069655 NIAMS NIH HHS
- R01 AR069000 NIAMS NIH HHS
- T32 GM007356 NIGMS NIH HHS
- R01 AG059775 NIA NIH HHS
- T32GM007356,T32GM007356,T32GM007356,T32GM007356 NIGMS NIH HHS
- T32 AR076950 NIAMS NIH HHS
- R01 AR056702 NIAMS NIH HHS
- F30 AG076326 NIA NIH HHS
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. Mark Kenney
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yue Peng
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Karen L. de Mesy Bentley
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lianping Xing
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Christopher T. Ritchlin
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Edward M. Schwarz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tong L, Yu H, Huang X, Shen J, Xiao G, Chen L, Wang H, Xing L, Chen D. Current understanding of osteoarthritis pathogenesis and relevant new approaches. Bone Res 2022; 10:60. [PMID: 36127328 PMCID: PMC9489702 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-022-00226-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease that causes painful swelling and permanent damage to the joints in the body. The molecular mechanisms of OA are currently unknown. OA is a heterogeneous disease that affects the entire joint, and multiple tissues are altered during OA development. To better understand the pathological mechanisms of OA, new approaches, methods, and techniques need to be used to understand OA pathogenesis. In this review, we first focus on the epigenetic regulation of OA, with a particular focus on DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA regulation, followed by a summary of several key mediators in OA-associated pain. We then introduce several innovative techniques that have been and will continue to be used in the fields of OA and OA-associated pain, such as CRISPR, scRNA sequencing, and lineage tracing. Next, we discuss the timely updates concerning cell death regulation in OA pathology, including pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy, as well as their individual roles in OA and potential molecular targets in treating OA. Finally, our review highlights new directions on the role of the synovial lymphatic system in OA. An improved understanding of OA pathogenesis will aid in the development of more specific and effective therapeutic interventions for OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Tong
- Research Center for Computer-aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518005, China
| | - Huan Yu
- Research Center for Computer-aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518005, China
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xingyun Huang
- Research Center for Computer-aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518005, China
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Huaiyu Wang
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lianping Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Di Chen
- Research Center for Computer-aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518005, China.
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wilting J, Becker J. The lymphatic vascular system: much more than just a sewer. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:157. [PMID: 36109802 PMCID: PMC9476376 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost 400 years after the (re)discovery of the lymphatic vascular system (LVS) by Gaspare Aselli (Asellius G. De lactibus, sive lacteis venis, quarto vasorum mesaraicorum genere, novo invento Gasparis Asellii Cremo. Dissertatio. (MDCXXIIX), Milan; 1628.), structure, function, development and evolution of this so-called 'second' vascular system are still enigmatic. Interest in the LVS was low because it was (and is) hardly visible, and its diseases are not as life-threatening as those of the blood vascular system. It is not uncommon for patients with lymphedema to be told that yes, they can live with it. Usually, the functions of the LVS are discussed in terms of fluid homeostasis, uptake of chylomicrons from the gut, and immune cell circulation. However, the broad molecular equipment of lymphatic endothelial cells suggests that they possess many more functions, which are also reflected in the pathophysiology of the system. With some specific exceptions, lymphatics develop in all organs. Although basic structure and function are the same regardless their position in the body wall or the internal organs, there are important site-specific characteristics. We discuss common structure and function of lymphatics; and point to important functions for hyaluronan turn-over, salt balance, coagulation, extracellular matrix production, adipose tissue development and potential appetite regulation, and the influence of hypoxia on the regulation of these functions. Differences with respect to the embryonic origin and molecular equipment between somatic and splanchnic lymphatics are discussed with a side-view on the phylogeny of the LVS. The functions of the lymphatic vasculature are much broader than generally thought, and lymphatic research will have many interesting and surprising aspects to offer in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Wilting
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Becker
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cao M, Ong MTY, Yung PSH, Tuan RS, Jiang Y. Role of synovial lymphatic function in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:1186-1197. [PMID: 35487439 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) affects the entire joint, initially with a low degree of inflammation. Synovitis is correlated with the severity of OA clinical symptoms and cartilage degradation. The synovial lymphatic system (SLS) plays a prominent role in clearing macromolecules within the joint, including the pro-inflammatory cytokines in arthritic status. Scattered evidence shows that impaired SLS drainage function leads to the accumulation of inflammatory factors in the joint and aggravates the progression of OA, and the role of SLS function in OA is less studied. DESIGN This review summarizes the current understanding of synovial lymphatic function in OA progression and potential regulatory pathways and aims to provide a framework of knowledge for the development of OA treatments targeting lymphatic structure and functions. RESULTS SLS locates in the subintima layer of the synovium and consists of lymphatic capillaries and lymphatic collecting vessels. Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) is the most critical regulating factor of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and SLS. Nitric oxide production-induced impairment of lymphatic muscle cells (LMCs) and contractile function may attribute to drainage dysfunction. Preclinical evidence suggests that promoting lymphatic drainage may help restore intra-articular homeostasis to attenuate the progression of OA. CONCLUSION SLS is actively involved in the homeostatic maintenance of the joint. Understanding the drainage function of the SLS at different stages of OA development is essential for further design of therapies targeting the function of these vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M T Y Ong
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P S H Yung
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - R S Tuan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kenney HM, Peng Y, Bell RD, Wood RW, Xing L, Ritchlin CT, Schwarz EM. Persistent popliteal lymphatic muscle cell coverage defects despite amelioration of arthritis and recovery of popliteal lymphatic vessel function in TNF-Tg mice following anti-TNF therapy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12751. [PMID: 35882971 PMCID: PMC9325893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16884-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While rheumatoid arthritis patients and tumor necrosis factor transgenic (TNF-Tg) mice with inflammatory-erosive arthritis display lymphatic drainage deficits, the mechanisms responsible remain unknown. As ultrastructural studies of joint-draining popliteal lymphatic vessels (PLVs) in TNF-Tg mice revealed evidence of lymphatic muscle cell (LMC) damage, we aimed to evaluate PLV-LMC coverage in TNF-Tg mice. We tested the hypothesis that alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA)+ PLV-LMC coverage decreases with severe inflammatory-erosive arthritis, and is recovered by anti-TNF therapy facilitated by increased PLV-LMC turnover during amelioration of joint disease. TNF-Tg mice with established disease received anti-TNF monoclonal antibody (mAb) or placebo IgG isotype control mAb therapy (n = 5) for 6-weeks, while wild-type (WT) littermates (n = 8) received vehicle (PBS). Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was also administered daily during the treatment period to monitor PLV-LMC turnover. Effective anti-TNF therapy was confirmed by longitudinal assessment of popliteal lymph node (PLN) volume via ultrasound, PLV contraction frequency via near-infrared imaging of indocyanine green, and ankle bone volumes via micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Terminal knee micro-CT, and ankle and knee histology were also performed. PLVs were immunostained for αSMA and BrdU to evaluate PLV-LMC coverage and turnover, respectively, via whole-mount fluorescent microscopy. Anti-TNF therapy reduced PLN volume, increased talus and patella bone volumes, and reduced tarsal and knee synovial areas compared to placebo treated TNF-Tg mice (p < 0.05), as expected. Anti-TNF therapy also increased PLV contraction frequency at 3-weeks (from 0.81 ± 1.0 to 3.2 ± 2.0 contractions per minute, p < 0.05). However, both anti-TNF and placebo treated TNF-Tg mice exhibited significantly reduced αSMA+ PLV-LMC coverage compared to WT (p < 0.05). There was no correlation of αSMA+ PLV-LMC coverage restoration with amelioration of inflammatory-erosive arthritis. Similarly, there was no difference in PLV-LMC turnover measured by BrdU labeling between WT, TNF-Tg placebo, and TNF-Tg anti-TNF groups with an average of < 1% BrdU+ PLV-LMCs incorporated per week. Taken together these results demonstrate that PLV-LMC turnover in adult mice is limited, and that recovery of PLV function during amelioration of inflammatory-erosive arthritis occurs without restoration of αSMA+ LMC coverage. Future studies are warranted to investigate the direct and indirect effects of chronic TNF exposure, and the role of proximal inflammatory cells on PLV contractility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Mark Kenney
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yue Peng
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Richard D Bell
- Department of Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronald W Wood
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lianping Xing
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Christopher T Ritchlin
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Edward M Schwarz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Urology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kenney HM, Wu CL, Loiselle AE, Xing L, Ritchlin CT, Schwarz EM. Single-cell transcriptomics of popliteal lymphatic vessels and peripheral veins reveals altered lymphatic muscle and immune cell populations in the TNF-Tg arthritis model. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:64. [PMID: 35255954 PMCID: PMC8900348 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02730-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lymphatic dysfunction exists in tumor necrosis factor transgenic (TNF-Tg) mice and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. While joint-draining TNF-Tg popliteal lymphatic vessels (PLVs) have deficits in contractility during end-stage arthritis, the nature of lymphatic muscle cells (LMCs) and their TNF-altered transcriptome remain unknown. Thus, we performed single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNAseq) on TNF-Tg LMCs in PLVs efferent to inflamed joints versus wild-type (WT) controls. Methods Single-cell suspensions of PLVs were sorted for smooth muscle cells (SMCs), which was validated by Cspg4-Cre;tdTomato reporter gene expression. Single-cell RNA-seq was performed on a 10x Genomics platform and analyzed using the Seurat R package. Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projections (UMAPs) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software were used to assess cell clusters and functional genomics in WT vs. TNF-Tg populations. Results Fluorescent imaging of Cspg4-Cre;tdTomato vessels demonstrated dim PLVs and strong reporter gene expression in the adjacent superficial saphenous vein, which was corroborated by flow cytometry of LMCs and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from these vessels. Due to their unique morphology, these populations could also be readily detected by scatter analysis of cells from non-fluorescent mice. Bioinformatics analysis of flow sorted WT and TNF-Tg cells identified 20 unique cell clusters that together were 22.4% LMCs, 15.0% VSMCs, and 62.6% non-muscle cells of 8879 total cells. LMCs and M2-macrophages were decreased, while inflammatory monocytes were increased in TNF-Tg lower limb vasculature. SMC populations were defined by Cald1, Tpm1, and Pdgfrb expression and were enriched in myofibroblast-like gene expression. TNF-Tg LMCs exhibited enhanced functional genomics associated with cell death, phagocyte recruitment, and joint inflammation. Among the most prominent TNF-induced genes in SMCs were Mmp3, Cxcl12, and Ccl19, and the most downregulated genes were Zbtb16, Galnt15, and Apod. Conclusions Single-cell RNA-seq can be used to investigate functional genomics of lower limb vasculature in mice. Our findings confirm the inflammatory transcriptome of TNF-Tg vessels and altered gene expression in SMC populations. This study further supports a potential role of mesenchymal stromal cells in inflammatory-erosive arthritis pathogenesis, and warrants future studies to define the effects of this TNF-altered transcriptome on PLV function and joint homeostasis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-022-02730-z.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Mark Kenney
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Alayna E Loiselle
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lianping Xing
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Christopher T Ritchlin
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Edward M Schwarz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Ave, Box 665, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA. .,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Department of Orthopaedics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|